EP0487700A1 - Improvements in or relating to burners. - Google Patents
Improvements in or relating to burners.Info
- Publication number
- EP0487700A1 EP0487700A1 EP91912132A EP91912132A EP0487700A1 EP 0487700 A1 EP0487700 A1 EP 0487700A1 EP 91912132 A EP91912132 A EP 91912132A EP 91912132 A EP91912132 A EP 91912132A EP 0487700 A1 EP0487700 A1 EP 0487700A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- burner
- apertures
- plate portions
- fuel
- aperture
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 title description 4
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000002547 anomalous effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000967 As alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000599 Cr alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000788 chromium alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001026 inconel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001055 inconels 600 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001063 inconels 617 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001119 inconels 625 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001293 incoloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 45
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 23
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrous Oxide Chemical compound [O-][N+]#N GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001272 nitrous oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960001730 nitrous oxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003019 stabilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D17/00—Burners for combustion conjointly or alternatively of gaseous or liquid or pulverulent fuel
- F23D17/002—Burners for combustion conjointly or alternatively of gaseous or liquid or pulverulent fuel gaseous or liquid fuel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/20—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
Definitions
- This, invention relates to improvements in or relating to burners more particularly of a type known in the art as a "Matrix burner".
- Matrix burners are versatile in application and can be used both in domestic and in industrial plants or installations. Relatively large numbers of these burners may be employed in industrial furnaces and can be used to burn off waste gases with the potential of recycling the energy back into the processing plant.
- a burner having a head provided with an array or matrix of combustion air apertures, said burner head having spaced plate portions defining a fuel supply gallery or passageway to said apertures, said plate portions including an aperture ring which closely follows an outer boundary of the burner head, and which is adjacent to said boundary to thereby prevent or restrict localised regions of the plate portions, at least near said boundary, becoming subject to temperatures which are higher than any other region of the plate or becoming subject to a corrosion or deterioration rate higher than any other region of the plate portions and/or to prevent or restrain substantially anomalous flow patterns of the fuel supply in the gallery at least around said aperture ring and adjacent said boundary.
- the matrix of apertures is configured to prevent or restrict any anomalous high temperature or high corrosion regions occurring on the plate portions by giving substantially the same freedom of access of the fuel supply in the gallery to each of the apertures.
- the plate portions may be spaced from one another by spacers and, accordingly, the aperture matrix may be configured to allow for substantially even flow characteristics of the fuel supply through the gallery around said spacers.
- the aperture ring comprises a series of combustion air apertures, at least half or the majority of which are spaced at a distance from said boundary by an amount which is less than or equal to the spacings between one another.
- One embodiment of the burner of the present invention has a head with circular shaped plate portions and said aperture ring consists of a circle of apertures spaced closely to one another and close to said boundary.
- the apertures in the circular ring are, preferably, spaced equidistantly from one another and are preferably of circular form.
- each aperture is spaced from the boundary by a distance not more than two (and preferably not more than three) times the distance in between each aperture.
- the burner head has second and third aperture rings arranged radially inwardly of the first aperture ring and each of the second and third aperture rings may consist of a series of circular apertures.
- the third, innermost aperture ring comprises a series of circular apertures which are arranged concentrically with the first, outermost aperture ring so that each of the apertures in the innermost ring is radially aligned with respective apertures in the outermost ring, said innermost and outermost ring apertures being concentrically aligned with the circular plate portions of the burner head.
- the second aperture ring may comprise a series of circular apertures which are displaced circumferentially relative to the outer and innermost aperture rings and preferably such that the aperture configuration results in an array of substantially triangular shaped sector regions extending around the circumference of the plate portions with spacers being provided inbetween the triangular shaped sectors. It is believed that such an aperture matrix substantially eliminates anomalous hot spots on the plate portions and indeed test results have confirmed this and a much more equal fuel distribution to the apertures is provided.
- the burner is provided wirh radial ports at said boundary for radial discharge of the fuel and many other advantageous features of the burner will be apparent from the following description and drawings.
- the radial ports may be spaced equally around said boundary in between said apertures in the outer ring.
- a burner having a head with an array or matrix of apertures for combustion air, and said head comprising two plate portions defining a gallery or passageway to said apertures, said plate portions being constructed from one or more of the following materials: a. Inconel 600, Nicrofer 7216, Haynes 750
- the plate portions are constructed from one of the following:
- the manufacture of the plate portions from any one of the alloys referred to above should give a more equal fuel flow distribution to the burner apertures and reduce the temperature.
- the plate portions will normally be of
- a dual fuel burner having a burner head with an array or matrix of combustion air apertures and plate portions defining a gallery or passageway therebetween for a main fuel supply to be fed to said apertures, the arrangement being such that the burner can be run on the first or main fuel supplied along the gallery to said apertures and may alternatively be operated on a second fuel mixed with combustion air supplied through said apertures.
- the burner may be operated on a mixture of the first main fuel and the secondary fuel.
- the secondary fuel is introduced into the burner by way of a supply line arranged within the supply line o the main fuel supply.
- the secondary fuel may be oil and accordingly an oil lance may be inserted in the main fuel supply line to the burner.
- the oil lance m have a tip which extends beyond said plate portions in order to spray fuel oil above said plate portions f mixing with combustion air drawn through said apertures for ignition at the burner, preferably by a spark ignitor.
- the amount by which the lance tip extends beyond the burner head is, preferably, adjustable.
- separate controls are provided for delivery or either or both fuels to the burner.
- the same burner may be employed in a single fuel situation or in a double fuel situation, an inner pipe (e.g. guide pipe for the oil lance where applicable) being used for the secondary supply merely being closed off where the burner is to be used in a single fuel application only.
- an inner pipe e.g. guide pipe for the oil lance where applicable
- An advantage of such a dual fuel system is the production of a desirable and controllable flame shape which is most important in a furnace application, e.g. a hydrocarbon cracking process in the petrochemical industry, where, for example, £500,000 worth of ceramic tube equipment may be needed to constrain the flame production by the burners. Further advantageous features of the dual fuel burner will be apparent from the following description and drawings.
- FIGURE 1 is a plan view of a burner head of the matrix burner
- FIGURE 2 is a diametrical section of the burner head shown in FIGURE 1, and taken on line II-II.
- FIGURE 3 shows a part sectional side view of a dual fuel burner assembly
- FIGURE 4 shows a sectional view taken on line IV-IV of FIGURE 3.
- FIGURES 5 and 6 show views similar to 1 and 2 of a burner adapted for dual fuel operation
- FIGURE 7 shows a plan view of an alternative burner head for dual fuel application.
- a matrix burner head 1 suitable for use in a furnace, or for example a petrochemical plant, has an upper circular metal plate portion 2 joined to a lower circular metal plate portion 3 at the circumferential boundary wall 4, for example by welding.
- 3oundary wall 4 provides an outer boundary of the burner head 1.
- the upper and lower plate portions 2 and 3 are spaced apart from one another by spacers 5 in a generally known manner in order to provide a gallery or passageway G inbetween the plate portions 2 and 3 leading to individual apertures 6a, 7a, 8a of outer 6, middle 7, and inner 8 aperture rings.
- a gaseous fuel is conveyed down the central fuel pipe 9 and flows through the gallery G to the apertures 6a, 7a, 8a where it mixes with combustion air being drawn up through the centre of said apertures 6a, 7a, 8a providing a mixture for burning.
- the apertures 6a, 7a and 8a are of the broached or pierced type in which small holes or ports P (see FIGURE 1) are provided around the circumference of the individual apertures 6a, 7a, 8a to allow fuel gas to flow therethrough into the apertures.
- the apertures 6a, 7a, 8a are formed by a downwardly depending tubular portion a of the upper plate 2 snugly overlapping with an upwardly depending tubular portion b of the lower plate as shown best in FIGURE 2.
- the present invention is not confined to the apertures 6a, 7a, 8a being of the broached type and could instead be of the "annular gap" form in which the gas escapes from the gallery G into the apertures via an annular gap left inbetween the overlapping tube portions a,b of the upper and lower plates, which verlapping tube portions form the individual apertures.
- Both the broached and annular gap type apertures are known generally.
- the burner 1 is also provided with radial ports P' around the circumference or boundary 4 between the two plate portions 2,3.
- the radial ports P' are formed in the upper plate portion and allow a radial discharge of gaseous fuel around the boundary of the burner head 1.
- the outer aperture ring 5 consists of a series (in this case 24) of apertures 6a of the same size and spaced equiangularly around the centre of the burner and following the boundary 4 and arranged closely adjacent thereto.
- the array of apertures 6a, 7a, 3a form a matrix which has been produced in order to seemingly optimise fuel flow characteristics within the gallery G to the individual apertures, whilst also taking into account the resistance to flow afforded by the spacers 5.
- the aperture matrix is configured in order to substantially eliminate anomalous hot spots which could ultimately give rise to corrosion in the burner, as well as to equalise flow distribution to the apertures 6a, 7a, 8a. The benefits of this matrix design are considerable and:
- burners can be individually designed to meet specific site requirements. It is an important feature of the design that lower burner head operating temperatures achievable may enable manufacture of the burner to the of a "lower grade" cheaper material, hence reducing manufacturing costs, where higher operating temperatures are not required. However, where higher temperature applications are required or where extended burner life expectancy is of primary importance it is proposed that the burner will be manufactured from higher grade materials less prone to physical and chemical attack. A list of these materials has been given earlier on in the Patent Specification. An important aspect of the design is the fuel flow distribution throughout the gallery G and as previously stated the apertures 6a, 7a, 8a have been developed selectively for the particular burner as shown with its spacer configuration 5 in order to seemingly optimise flow characteristics.
- the aperture matrix comprises 8 circumferentially spaced triangular sector regions (one of these regions is outlined by a chain dotted line X) consisting of 6 individual apertures, one aperture 8a being from the innermost ring 8, two apertures 7a being from the middle ring and three apertures 5a being from the outer ring 5.
- Spacers 5 are provided inbetween the triangular sectors and alternate from the provision of two spacers to one spacer on a circumferential path around the burner.
- the more equal distribution of fuel flow to the apertures 6a, 7a, 8a itself brings with it a reduction in temperature of the burner plate portions 2,3.
- These type of burners are very versatile and can be run for example to produce 2 million B.T.U.'s per hour or 100 B.T.U.'s per hour.
- the apertures 6a are positioned very close to the boundary line and indeed are closer to the boundary wall 4 than they are to one another.
- Each aperture 8a aligns radially with the centre aperture 6a of the arcuate line of 3 apertures of a particular triangular shaped sector X.
- FIGURES 3 and 4 show a dual fuel burner assembly 100 for use in a furnace (not shown).
- the burner assembly 100 may be utilised to burn a main, gaseous fuel and/or a secondary fuel in the form of oil or oil by-products produced by a processing plant incorporating a plurality of such burner assemblies. In this way the efficiency of the processing plant can be upgraded by the utilisation of the oil by-products.
- the burner assembly 100 has a burner head B which may or may not be identical or similar to the burner head 1 shown in FIGURES 1 and 2 of this Specification.
- the overall layout of the assembly 100 is generally known in the provision of a gas inlet to the burner head which is surrounded by a refractory quarl.
- the assembly 100 has a gas inlet 103 leading to a central main fuel supply delivery tube or pipe 104 positioned centrally of the burner head B.
- the main fuel supply passes up this pipe 104 to the gallery system of the burner head B and to the matrix of apertures as previously discussed in relation to FIGURES 1 and 2 of the drawings.
- the assembly 100 further includes an air inlet 105, a wind box 106 with windbox top plate 107 and generally cylindrical refractory quarl 108 surrounding the burner head B.
- an oil lance 109 is positioned centrally and coaxially with the gas supply pipe 104.
- the oil burner tip 110 has a conical end which extends beyond the front plate portion f of the burner B and joins the oil burner station pipe 111 at the other end thereof. Provision may be made to adjust the position of the oil lance longitudinally of the supply pipe 104 in order to attempt to optimise flame profile above the burner head B and the oil lance will be received in a guide tube T (not shown in FIGURE 3 - see FIGURES 5 and 6 ) running along the length of gas pipe 104.
- FIGURE 4 shows the location of the U.V detector mounting tube 112, view port.113 and igniter tube and cap 114, the operation of which should be readily apparent; 115 (see FIGURE 3) designates the purge interlock safety valve of the fuel oil lance 109.
- a main gaseous fuel supply is delivered by the gas inlet 103 and flows upwardly (in use) through the gas pipe 04, through the annular space provided inbetween the guide tube T and wall of the pipe 104. Since the assembly 100 incorporates a fuel lance 109 running along the axis of the burner 3 the width of the pipe 104 is subsequently greater than required for single fuel burners because of the physical space taken up in the pipe 104 by the lance 109.
- the gaseous fuel is delivered to the gallery system of the burner head 3 in a similar manner as in a single fuel burner and is delivered to the aperture matrix through the gallery system either in a generally known manner or in the manner as previously described in relation to FIGURES 1 and 2 of the Specification.
- a secondary fuel oil is delivered from the station pipe 111 along the fuel lance 109 to the oil burner tip 110 which sprays oil above the upper burner plate f for ignition thereabove by an igniter which is of a form generally known per se.
- the burner may run on a main gaseous fuel alone, or on the oil alone, or alternatively on a mixture of both.
- FIGURES 5 and 6 show more detailed views of a burner head 1' of a dual fuel supply type.
- the burner head 1' has plate portions 2', 3' showing the same matrix configuration of apertures as in FIGURE 1 of this Specification.
- the apertures 6'a, 7'a, 8'a are formed from downwardly depending portions a' and upwardly depending portions b' which overlap one another to leave an annular gap g for fuel gas to enter the aperture 6a, 7a, 8a, rather than being provided with ports as in FIGURE 1.
- Either design may be used in the dual fuel application.
- the central gas supply pipe 104 has a central guide tube T (not shown in FIGURES 3 and 4) for the fuel lance 109.
- Item C represents a locating collar for the guide tube T and the pipe 104 is much wider than in prior art arrangements in order to allow the main gaseous fuel to enter the gallery G whilst also providing a housing for the oil lance 109.
- the burner head aperture matrix 6a, 7a, 8a may be modified to that shown to take into account the wider pipe 104, for example by omission of the inner aperture ring 8a.
- the dual fuel burner could be provided in a single gaseous fuel application in which case the open end of the tube T protruding from the burner head 1' would be blocked off.
- To assemble the burner head 1' the inlet pipe 104 and guide tube T comprises a subassembly and the burner head 1' is screwed to the pipe 104, after lock nut N is fitted with guide tube T entering locating collar C.
- the burner head is screwed down until approximately 2 mm of guide tube protrudes from the upper plate when it is locked tightly with locking nut N.
- a circular stabiliser plate Y is shown positioned on top of the upper plate portion 2.
- FIGURE 7 shows a burner head 1" corresponding more closely with prior art designs of the applicant.
- the arrangement of combustion air apertures follows a general hexagonal shape which is known (and which burner head design has at least some of the disadvantages outlined at the beginning of the specification) but the apertures A (shown n chain dotted lines) which are present in a single fuel application are omitted in the dual fuel application.
- the stabilising plate is hexagonal and weld lines are shown in this view.
- the Applicant has carried out test analysis of a prior art burner head of hexagonal matrix pattern and a burner head in accordance with the present invention (circular matrix pattern. in order to illustrate the dramatic reduction in temperature of the plate portions near the boundary of the burner head. This test analysis is shown in FIGURES 8 to 16 in which:
- FIGURE 8 shows a hexagonal matrix burner head and thermocouple locations in conjunction with a lower view showing graphical data in relation to the thermocouples
- FIGURES 9 to 11 show burner performance test results for the hexagonal burner head shown in FIGURE 8.
- FIGURE 12 shows a burner head in accordance with the present invention (circular matrix) indicating thermocouple positions identical with those in FIGURE 8 and additionally graphical data in relation to those thermocouples;
- FIGURES 13 to 15 show burner performance test results for the burner head shown in FIGURE 12.
- thermocouples 1 to 4 were located to measure the temperature occuring in different regions of the plate portions.
- Thermocouple 1 was located in the centre of the burner head, thermocouples 2 and 3 in mid regions of the plate portions with thermocouple 3 being located at one of the inner spacers and thermocouple 4 located at the outer boundary region of the plate.
- thermocouple 1 has reached the value of about 800°C (see upper part of trace 1), whilst the temperature of thermocot. le 4 is also at about the same level i.e. the temperature at the centre of the burner is in the same order as the temperature at the boundary.
- thermocouple 4 This indicates that in the field the temperature of the boundary area that will be registered by thermocouple 4 would be very significantly higher (for example 150 to 200°C or more higher). The difference would be enough for the centre region to be emitting effectively a black heat radiation with the outer boundaries emitting a dull red radiation.
- the temperature measured by thermocouple 2 is the lowest at about 660°C (see upper part of trace 2).
- thermocouple 4 Comparing this data to the data given in FIGURE 15 shows that the temperature at the boundary regions (measure by thermocouple 4) has dramatically dropped to about 660°C (see upper part of trace 4) and there is also a slightly lower operating temperature at the middle of the burner which is measured by thermocouple 1. Thus the temperature at the boundary has been lowered to within about 30° of the temperature measured by thermocouple 2 and the temperature measured by thermocouple 2 has also been lowered by about 30° or so.
- the overall operating temperature of the burner head has been lowered but most significantly the temperature has been reduced very significantly at the boundary regions so that in the field the temperature of the middle of the burner and of the boundary will be of the same order.
- the centre of the burner may in some circumstances not be subject to an accelerated corrosion rate because of the speed of gas flow through to the apertures, whereas the corrosion rate is accelerated abnormally at elevated temperatures where there is a lingering presence of the gas i.e. particularly inbetween the hexagonal matrix configuration termination and the boundary of the burner (i.e. in the segmental regions of the hexagonal shape burner head).
- temperatures may range from 800-850°C in the central regions of the plate and at the periphery of the burner in areas of higher metal content.
- temperatures result in the majority of the burner emitting a ack heat radiation whilst dull red heat radiation is emitted from areas near the periphery, said areas being defined between the periphery of the burner and the aperture matrix (refer FIGURE 7). It is at temperatures of 700°C or above that the corrosion rate of the plate portions, subjected to that heat, is very significantly accelerated (particularly where gas flow is restricted) i.e. decarbonisation of the plate material may be dramatically increased.
- Test experiments with burner heads of the present invention illustrate significant temperature variation between boundary regions of the plate and middle or central regions i.e. a very significant reduction in temperature of the boundary regions (reduction of approximately 150°C). This indicates that the boundary temperature in the field will be substantially lower than with the prior art hexagonal burner configuration. This is due to improved gas and air cooling achieved by the burner in accordance with the present invention.
- the matrix array adopted in accordance with the present invention effectively prevents any part of the burner plate reaching an elevated temperature which would result in excess corrosion when compared with any other area of the plate.
- the burner of hexagonal matrix design and the circular matrix burner were tested under identical conditions on the same test furnace and conditions were maintained under very close tolerances throughout the duration of the tests.
- Performance Test Data major benefits have been obtained from the burner head in accordance with the present invention as embodied in FIGURE 1 and FIGURE 12, namely:- 1. Substantially improved air and gas flow patterns and mixing characteristics as a direct result of the redesign and distribution of the matrix system resulting in a lower temperature operating burner head.
- the oil lance providing the second fuel source is also centrally and symmetrically located relative to the main matrix system and thereby enhances the overall symmetrical/radial arrangement of the burner assembly.
- the less combustible fuel is located at the centre of the flame and therefore affords greater flame stability.
- the Dual-Fuel burner is designed to enable either gaseous or liquid fuels to be burnt together or independently in varying percentages.
- the fuel oil lance can also be withdrawn or relocated whilst the gas burner remains in operation.
- the hexagonal matrix port spacing does not totally meet this criteria as port positions vary radially and the port spacing (gallery size) is not optimum for the sharing of gas between inner and outer ports.
- the burner head in accordance with the present invention has many beneficial aspects on burner performance and application, a number of which are listed below:-
- the optimised flow arrangement provides increased burner output for a given burner size.
- the gas flow does not properly reach and hence cool the outer periphery of the burner head, particularly in areas of higher metal content. This can result in "hot spots” that lead to metal failure due to excessive carbonisation.
- the burner head avoids this by providing gas flow and hence "gas cooling" to all parts of the burner head.
- This larger area at the centre of the burner enables the production of a "Dual-Fuel" burner head, in which an oil lance can be fitted through its centre.
- Both gaseous and liquid fuels can be burnt either separately or together in varying percentages in a uniform and symmetrical formation.
- the less combustible fuel ie oil being placed at the centre of the burner surrounded by an air and gaseous medium) thus ensuring efficient combustion.
- any range mentioned herein for any variable or parameter shall be taken to include a disclosure of any derivable sub-range within that range or of any particular value of the variable or parameter arranged within, or at an end of, the range of sub-range.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Gas Burners (AREA)
- Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
- Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
- Nozzles For Spraying Of Liquid Fuel (AREA)
- Pre-Mixing And Non-Premixing Gas Burner (AREA)
- Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB909013368A GB9013368D0 (en) | 1990-06-15 | 1990-06-15 | Improvements in or relating to burners |
GB9013368 | 1990-06-15 | ||
PCT/GB1991/000973 WO1991019942A1 (en) | 1990-06-15 | 1991-06-17 | Improvements in or relating to burners |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0487700A1 true EP0487700A1 (en) | 1992-06-03 |
EP0487700B1 EP0487700B1 (en) | 1996-11-27 |
Family
ID=10677671
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP91912132A Expired - Lifetime EP0487700B1 (en) | 1990-06-15 | 1991-06-17 | Improvements in or relating to burners |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0487700B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE145717T1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2064799C (en) |
DE (1) | DE69123329T2 (en) |
DK (1) | DK0487700T3 (en) |
GB (2) | GB9013368D0 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1991019942A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2018188748A1 (en) * | 2017-04-13 | 2018-10-18 | Wärtsilä Moss As | A dual fuel burner |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2771798B1 (en) | 1997-12-02 | 1999-12-31 | Air Liquide | OXY-FUEL BURNER |
DE102006010375B4 (en) * | 2006-03-03 | 2008-01-17 | J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG | Wall structure for a burner |
DE102006046053B4 (en) * | 2006-09-28 | 2008-11-20 | Green Vision Holding B.V. | Non-premixed burner |
DE102008006067B4 (en) | 2008-01-25 | 2013-07-04 | Viessmann Werke Gmbh & Co Kg | Device with a burner head and method for operating a burner |
CN104534472B (en) * | 2014-12-11 | 2017-03-22 | 广东阿诗丹顿电气有限公司 | Burner cap and cooking utensil burner |
CZ201783A3 (en) * | 2017-02-13 | 2018-04-04 | Vysoké Učení Technické V Brně | A burner head for low calorific value fuels |
EP3364105B1 (en) | 2017-02-16 | 2019-11-27 | Vysoké ucení Technické v Brne | Burner for low calorific fuels |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1325443A (en) * | 1969-07-11 | 1973-08-01 | Dunlop Holdings Ltd | Burner elements |
US3695818A (en) * | 1969-10-31 | 1972-10-03 | Rinnai Kk | Radiant burner |
GB1366871A (en) * | 1970-10-02 | 1974-09-11 | Dunlop Holdings Ltd | Perforated structures |
GB1451797A (en) * | 1973-07-10 | 1976-10-06 | British Gas Corp | Gas burners |
GB1548388A (en) | 1976-07-08 | 1979-07-11 | Dunlop Ltd | Matrix burners |
EP0312562A1 (en) * | 1987-04-30 | 1989-04-26 | MAY, Michael, G. | Process and device for combustion of fuel |
-
1990
- 1990-06-15 GB GB909013368A patent/GB9013368D0/en active Pending
-
1991
- 1991-06-17 GB GB9113056A patent/GB2245055B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-06-17 WO PCT/GB1991/000973 patent/WO1991019942A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1991-06-17 EP EP91912132A patent/EP0487700B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-06-17 DE DE69123329T patent/DE69123329T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-06-17 AT AT91912132T patent/ATE145717T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-06-17 CA CA002064799A patent/CA2064799C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-06-17 DK DK91912132.7T patent/DK0487700T3/en active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO9119942A1 * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2018188748A1 (en) * | 2017-04-13 | 2018-10-18 | Wärtsilä Moss As | A dual fuel burner |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB9013368D0 (en) | 1990-08-08 |
ATE145717T1 (en) | 1996-12-15 |
DK0487700T3 (en) | 1997-05-12 |
GB2245055A (en) | 1991-12-18 |
GB9113056D0 (en) | 1991-08-07 |
GB2245055B (en) | 1994-05-25 |
EP0487700B1 (en) | 1996-11-27 |
CA2064799A1 (en) | 1991-12-16 |
DE69123329D1 (en) | 1997-01-09 |
CA2064799C (en) | 2000-01-18 |
DE69123329T2 (en) | 1997-07-10 |
WO1991019942A1 (en) | 1991-12-26 |
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