EP0486751A1 - Tige de forage dirigé avec générateur électrique intégré - Google Patents

Tige de forage dirigé avec générateur électrique intégré Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0486751A1
EP0486751A1 EP91106102A EP91106102A EP0486751A1 EP 0486751 A1 EP0486751 A1 EP 0486751A1 EP 91106102 A EP91106102 A EP 91106102A EP 91106102 A EP91106102 A EP 91106102A EP 0486751 A1 EP0486751 A1 EP 0486751A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
stator
generator
boring bar
target
recess
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP91106102A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0486751B1 (fr
Inventor
Klaus-Dieter Schwidder
Udo Weber
Paul Braun
Heinz Wallussek
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bergwerksverband GmbH
Schwing Hydraulik Elektronik GmbH and Co
Original Assignee
Bergwerksverband GmbH
Schwing Hydraulik Elektronik GmbH and Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bergwerksverband GmbH, Schwing Hydraulik Elektronik GmbH and Co filed Critical Bergwerksverband GmbH
Publication of EP0486751A1 publication Critical patent/EP0486751A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0486751B1 publication Critical patent/EP0486751B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B41/00Equipment or details not covered by groups E21B15/00 - E21B40/00
    • E21B41/0085Adaptations of electric power generating means for use in boreholes
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/04Directional drilling
    • E21B7/06Deflecting the direction of boreholes
    • E21B7/062Deflecting the direction of boreholes the tool shaft rotating inside a non-rotating guide travelling with the shaft
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/04Directional drilling
    • E21B7/10Correction of deflected boreholes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a target boring bar with its own electrical energy supply through a built-in generator according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the target boring bar according to the invention is set up to control rotating bores and in particular bores according to the rotary deep drilling method generally vertically downwards, but possibly also vertically upwards and then without liquid borehole flushing, so that they do not deviate from the predefined vertical drilling direction.
  • a target boring bar forms a drill pipe, which is usually installed as the last drill pipe in front of the drill bit in the drill string, so that the front shaft end has the usual receptacle for the drilling tool, usually a drill bit.
  • With the help of hydraulic drives corrective moments are exerted on the drilling tool during drilling, which cancel out the forces that deflect the drilling tool and thus the drilling from the drilling direction.
  • an outer tube concentrically surrounding the drilling shaft carries the mechanics of the target device on its jacket.
  • This usually consists of aiming bars, each of which is articulated at 90 ° to one another at one end and is attached to one another Support the hydraulically operated plunger. Since the outer tube is stationary during drilling, the strips can be supported on the borehole joint and slide in the drilling axis during drilling, the plungers transmitting their reaction moments as correction forces to the drilling shaft and thus to the drilling tool.
  • This basic structure of the target boring bar according to the invention requires built-in working hydraulics for the actuation of the plunger and a controlled system, the controlled variable of which is the predefined drilling direction, the control deviation caused by disturbing variables being determined in most cases as an angle between the perpendicular and the drilling shaft axis and in a manipulated variable is converted, which mostly supplies the plunger cylinders with the hydraulic working medium via electromagnetic directional control valves.
  • the electrical power supply of the target boring bar according to the invention by the built-in generator provides, among other things. the electrical energy required for the manipulated variable and the electro-hydraulic pressure generator.
  • an electrical controlled system in which the control deviation is already mapped as an electrical signal, target boring bars with significantly higher requirements for compliance with the controlled variable can only be carried out with an electronic controlled system .
  • a pulse based on the interaction of electrons reflects the control deviation, which is due to filtering out the vibrations of the drill pipe and the temperature influences corrected signal a window discriminator.
  • small control deviations in the order of magnitude of angular minutes are detected and converted into electrical signals for the described directional control valves of the plunger pistons via output stages of the electronic controlled system.
  • the electrical power required for this is also supplied by the generator in the target boring bar according to the invention, so that in all cases there is no cable connection from the target boring bar to the surface.
  • the invention relates in particular to target boring bars which are suitable in this way for extremely deep bores which can reach 14,000 m and more, for example.
  • a high pressure load on the target boring bar due to the hydrostatic pressure of the rising borehole mud, but on the other hand also high temperatures, which are caused by the geothermal depth level.
  • the pressure and temperature loads must also be taken into account when housing the electrical power supply, which, however, cannot be carried out independently of other assemblies which are important for the functioning of the target boring bar.
  • the invention is based on this problem.
  • a target boring bar which has its own, ie built-in electrical energy supply by means of a direct current generator, the stator windings of which are built into the standing outer tube, which carries the described mechanism of the target device on its outer jacket.
  • the rotor of the generator sits on the drilling shaft and has slip rings on which the current is drawn (EP-A-88 10 06 57).
  • the controlled system is designed electrically. A pressure equalization with the drilling fluid is attempted in that the bearing lubrication of the drilling shaft in the standing outer tube is carried out with the fluid by means of a second partial flow branched off from the descending and cleaned drilling fluid.
  • the known target boring bar is unsuitable for high demands on target accuracy, because the control deviation shown in electrical signals causes the plunger to react too late.
  • the bearing lubrication described with the descending borehole flushing is unsuitable for the slip rings because they become soiled and because, among other things, Particles can also be contained in the cleaned borehole mud, which impair the current draw from the slip rings. If such a target boring bar is subjected to considerable pressures and temperatures, there are changes in shape which can lead to mechanical as well as electrical faults. In particular, it has been found that in the winding heads of the stator the coatings have pores through which water can enter under such conditions and cause short circuits. It is also problematic that the electrical power of the direct current motor is not reduced evenly, so that excess power arises which is ultimately converted into heat in the target boring bar, which likewise leads to the occurrence of disturbance variables.
  • the invention is based on the object to combat different disturbances in the impairment of drilling operations, in particular in the extremely deep drilling described above.
  • the disturbance variables which have hitherto occurred on the slip rings due to contamination and other impairments are avoided by a three-phase synchronous motor without a slip ring which, due to its motor technology, eliminates the excess power while largely avoiding waste heat.
  • this motor By executing this motor with a second winding of its stator, the electrical system can be supplied with one winding and the electronics with a second winding. On the one hand, this enables the electronics, but on the other hand provides enough energy for the electrical system, which is ensured by the separate power leads.
  • the invention has the advantage that it enables electronic control of the generator and the target device, which are practically independent of pressure and temperature and therefore do not react to the extreme conditions of deep drilling.
  • electrical energy can be generated to a considerable extent independently of the electronics. It can be assumed that, under practical conditions, engine speeds of 60 to 100 min ⁇ 1 occur. Under such conditions, there are power densities in the generator which are used to supply the hydraulic Sufficient part of the control device that is able to cope with the extreme conditions of the deep drilling, which in particular can transmit the increased correction torques required in these cases to the drilling shaft.
  • the problem is also solved, which results from the pressure and temperature effects on the gap of the generator between the rotor and stator.
  • a permanently elastic plastic compound By pressing the stator with a permanently elastic plastic compound, it is ensured that, in particular, the short-circuits that have previously occurred on the winding overhangs are avoided. Since the known permanently elastic plastic masses increase their volume under the influence of temperature, the resulting expansion in the stator housing counteracts the compressive forces acting on the recess of the outer tube from the outside and thus avoids an unfavorable deformation of the generator, although its parts are not relieved of pressure by an upcoming drilling fluid.
  • the rotor winding is protected by the checker plate and the pressure-tight cable bushings from the stator prevent the plastic compression from escaping from the recess that contains the stator windings. Since the rotor is also divided into two half shells, assembly on the drilling shaft is greatly simplified.
  • stator windings are accommodated in their own housing in the form of a housing hollow cylinder accommodated in the outer tube recess, which cylinder is accordingly inserted as such into the recess can, after it has been sealed by bearing welding with an extremely thin inner sheet and pressed under vacuum, which can take place outside the target boring bar.
  • the high demands on the power density of one's own electrical energy supply on the one hand and the limited length of the outer tube receiving the mechanical, hydraulic, electrical or electronic components of the target device, its length, etc. is limited for reasons of strength, represents a problem in the housing of the generator. With the features of claim 4, this problem is eliminated.
  • the tender tube provided for this purpose allows a limited length of the outer tube, which accommodates the components of the target device described, but at the same time allows it to be used by the generator, which therefore cannot impair the target device.
  • the tender pipe also has the advantage that the radial bearing of the outer pipe can be accommodated in it, the lubrication of which is particularly problematic with regard to the drilling depths to be overcome.
  • another axial-radial bearing can be used for the outer tube, which must be supported on the drilling shaft with an axial-radial bearing behind the drilling tool.
  • permanent lubrication can be used while avoiding lubrication with the slurry, which interacts with the ring cylinder of the stator winding by being supported on the bearing cover of the permanent lubrication.
  • an outer tube (2) is rotatably mounted on a drilling shaft (1).
  • the free end of the drilling shaft carries the usual receptacle (3) for a drilling tool, which is not shown in FIG. 1.
  • the outer tube (2) is supported by a front axial-radial bearing (4) on the drilling shaft, which in turn is hollow-cylindrical, which results in a central channel (5) which supplies the descending flow of the drilling fluid to the drilling tool and the ascending current of the drilling fluid supplied, which discharges the cuttings detached from the drilling tool from the borehole.
  • the outer tube (2) is further supported on the drilling shaft (1) by a further axial / radial bearing (6) at its end opposite the receptacle (3).
  • a special sealing arrangement (7) closes a radial gap (8), but sets the permanent lubrication of the series connected needle and ball bearings under the pressure of the external drilling fluid via an annular channel (9).
  • the axial-radial bearing is lubricated depending on the depth, ie the lubricant is equalized against the flushing pressure.
  • the two steel strips (12, 14) visible in FIG. 1, which are supported on the borehole wall, are articulated with the aid of horizontal joints (10, 11).
  • Each of these strips is loaded with a pair of plungers (15, 16 or 17, 18) that can be hydraulically loaded.
  • a three-phase motor (19) is used for the hydraulic energy supply and a hydrostatic drive (20) is wedged onto the shaft.
  • a pressure accumulator (21) receives the hydraulic working fluid and passes it on to the plunger cylinders depending on the pressure.
  • the parts described belong to a hydraulic working group, which makes the plunger cylinder loading independent of the borehole flushing, but has a working pressure corresponding to the hydrostatic pressure of the borehole flushing.
  • the hydraulic working fluid is controlled by control electronics which are accommodated on a circuit board (22) which, like the assemblies described above, is accommodated in a recess in the outer tube (2). Otherwise, the arc angle by which the control strips (12, 14) can move outwards in their joints (10, 11) is predetermined by path limiters (23, 24), which are also accommodated in recesses in the outer tube (2).
  • path limiters 23, 24
  • the action on the plunger cylinders for the pressure of the hydraulic working fluid, which is dependent on the controlled variable, is achieved by directional control valves, not shown controlled, which are electrified in an electromagnetic version via the control electronics (22).
  • a tender tube (25) is rotatably connected, as shown at (26) in Fig. 1.
  • the tender tube is in turn supported by a radial bearing (27) on the drilling shaft (1).
  • the axial bearing is subjected to the pressure of the drilling fluid via a sealing arrangement (26) corresponding to the sealing arrangement (7, 8), which, however, cannot reach the needle bearing, but instead puts permanent lubrication under pressure, which is released from the drilling fluid via an annular cylinder (27) is separated.
  • a generator (29) is installed in the tender tube (25) between the axial / radial bearing (6) and the radial bearing (26) of the Tenaer tube.
  • the generator has a stator which is installed in the standing tender tube (25).
  • the rotor (30 surrounds the drill shaft on a cylinder section which is reduced in diameter compared to the outer diameter of the drill shaft sections (31, 32) adjoining it.
  • the generator (29) is a three-phase synchronous generator, the stator of which consists of two windings (33, 34) arranged axially one behind the other, the winding heads of which can be seen at (35 and 36) in FIG. 2.
  • Each of these windings (33, 34) has a pressure-tight cable bushing (37, 38), one of which has the discharge line for supplying power to the electro-hydraulic pressure generator (19, 20) for the plunger drives and the control valves assigned to them, while the other Derivation connects the relevant stator winding to the control electronics (22) or the motor electronics, which electronically destroy the excess power of the generator (29).
  • the stator windings (33, 34) are accommodated in a recess (39), which in turn is provided in a recess (40) in the inner cylindrical surface (41) of the outer tube (2).
  • the recess (39) is closed with an extremely thin sheet (44) attached to the recess edges (42, 43). This creates a space that is closed to the outside.
  • the heads (35, 36) in particular lie in the permanently elastic plastic mass. You are therefore adequately protected against the ingress of moisture.
  • the rotor (30) is divided into two half-shells, which together surround the cylinder section of the drilling shaft (2) with reduced diameter and are thereby secured against axial displacement.
  • the two half-shells lie in a longitudinally corrugated sheet metal jacket (45) and are held together by two clamp bands (46, 47), the ends of which are screwed together. Since the cable bushings (37, 38) are pressure-tight, their expansion into the recess (40) can be prevented regardless of the behavior of the plastic compound.
  • These cable bushings (37, 38) are located on the annular end faces of a hollow cylinder (48), the inner wall of which is formed by the closure plate (44) which is welded to the two cylinder heads (49, 50).
  • the hollow cylinder (48) is supported by a plurality of axial pins (51) arranged on a pitch circle and screwed into the cylinder head (49) on a bearing cover (52) which is designed as a ring cylinder and is provided with glands (53, 54), which one Seal the ring piston (55).
  • the ring piston is subjected to permanent lubrication on the ring cylinder at (56) and holds the radial bearing, which in turn is supported on the axial bearing (58) via a pressure ring (57).
  • the ring cylinder (52) is acted upon by the annular space (59) from the outside with the drilling fluid, so that the permanent lubrication of the axial / radial bearing (6) is pressure-dependent according to the drilling depth.
  • the cylinder (52) of the bearing cover and the hollow cylinder (48) of the stator with the two axial windings (33, 34) are in the common recess (40) on the inside of the tender tube (25) together with the axial-radial bearing (6) Drill shaft housed. Therefore, the assembly can be carried out in the axial order of the parts of the axial-radial bearing, the hollow cylinder of the two stator windings according to the rotor's montgage and the adjoining bearing parts of the tender tube.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
  • Dental Tools And Instruments Or Auxiliary Dental Instruments (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Motors, Generators (AREA)
EP91106102A 1990-11-23 1991-04-17 Tige de forage dirigé avec générateur électrique intégré Expired - Lifetime EP0486751B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4037259 1990-11-23
DE4037259A DE4037259A1 (de) 1990-11-23 1990-11-23 Zielbohrstange mit eigener elektrischer energieversorgung durch einen eingebauten generator

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0486751A1 true EP0486751A1 (fr) 1992-05-27
EP0486751B1 EP0486751B1 (fr) 1995-01-04

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ID=6418774

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EP91106102A Expired - Lifetime EP0486751B1 (fr) 1990-11-23 1991-04-17 Tige de forage dirigé avec générateur électrique intégré

Country Status (3)

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EP (1) EP0486751B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE116711T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE4037259A1 (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0681090A2 (fr) * 1994-05-04 1995-11-08 Anadrill International SA Outil de mesure pendant le forage
WO1997001018A2 (fr) * 1995-06-23 1997-01-09 Baker Hughes Incorporated Appareil de fond place dans un puits pour la production d'energie electrique
US5839508A (en) * 1995-02-09 1998-11-24 Baker Hughes Incorporated Downhole apparatus for generating electrical power in a well
EP0837218A3 (fr) * 1996-10-18 1999-08-25 Alois Pichler Procédé d'alimentation d'énergie pour dispositifs de mesure et/ou commande d'une machine de forage et machine de forage
GB2365466A (en) * 2000-07-19 2002-02-20 Baker Hughes Inc Directional drilling apparatus with motor driven pump steering control
CN110735601A (zh) * 2018-07-18 2020-01-31 中国石油化工股份有限公司 用于控制连续管钻井电液定向器的系统及状态反馈方法

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112878914B (zh) * 2021-02-08 2021-11-19 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 一种旋转导向钻井装置
US11396777B1 (en) 2021-02-08 2022-07-26 Institute Of Geology And Geophysics, Chinese Academy Of Sciences Rotary steering drilling apparatus

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2066878A (en) * 1980-01-05 1981-07-15 Bergwerksverband Gmbh Apparatus for producing target- directed bores
GB2081983A (en) * 1980-08-04 1982-02-24 Christensen Inc Electrical generator
US4491738A (en) * 1981-11-24 1985-01-01 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij, B.V. Means for generating electricity during drilling of a borehole
WO1988010355A1 (fr) * 1987-06-16 1988-12-29 Preussag Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif pour guider un outil de forage ou un train de tiges
EP0324870A1 (fr) * 1988-01-19 1989-07-26 SCHWING HYDRAULIK ELEKTRONIK GMBH & CO. Tube de trains de tiges autoguidés pour trains de tiges de machines de forage de roche

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3000239C2 (de) * 1980-01-05 1983-10-20 Bergwerksverband Gmbh, 4300 Essen Einrichtung zur Herstellung zielgerichteter Bohrungen
DE3325962A1 (de) * 1983-07-19 1985-01-31 Bergwerksverband Gmbh, 4300 Essen Zielbohrstange fuer drehendes bohrgestaenge mit spuelkanal fuer den untertagebetrieb

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2066878A (en) * 1980-01-05 1981-07-15 Bergwerksverband Gmbh Apparatus for producing target- directed bores
GB2081983A (en) * 1980-08-04 1982-02-24 Christensen Inc Electrical generator
US4491738A (en) * 1981-11-24 1985-01-01 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij, B.V. Means for generating electricity during drilling of a borehole
WO1988010355A1 (fr) * 1987-06-16 1988-12-29 Preussag Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif pour guider un outil de forage ou un train de tiges
EP0324870A1 (fr) * 1988-01-19 1989-07-26 SCHWING HYDRAULIK ELEKTRONIK GMBH & CO. Tube de trains de tiges autoguidés pour trains de tiges de machines de forage de roche

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0681090A2 (fr) * 1994-05-04 1995-11-08 Anadrill International SA Outil de mesure pendant le forage
EP0681090A3 (fr) * 1994-05-04 1997-07-23 Anadrill Int Sa Outil de mesure pendant le forage.
US5839508A (en) * 1995-02-09 1998-11-24 Baker Hughes Incorporated Downhole apparatus for generating electrical power in a well
WO1997001018A2 (fr) * 1995-06-23 1997-01-09 Baker Hughes Incorporated Appareil de fond place dans un puits pour la production d'energie electrique
WO1997001018A3 (fr) * 1995-06-23 1997-05-01 Baker Hughes Inc Appareil de fond place dans un puits pour la production d'energie electrique
GB2320512A (en) * 1995-06-23 1998-06-24 Baker Hughes Inc Downhole apparatus for generating electrical power in a well
GB2320512B (en) * 1995-06-23 1999-08-25 Baker Hughes Inc Downhole apparatus for generating electrical power in a well
EP0837218A3 (fr) * 1996-10-18 1999-08-25 Alois Pichler Procédé d'alimentation d'énergie pour dispositifs de mesure et/ou commande d'une machine de forage et machine de forage
GB2365466A (en) * 2000-07-19 2002-02-20 Baker Hughes Inc Directional drilling apparatus with motor driven pump steering control
GB2365466B (en) * 2000-07-19 2002-10-09 Baker Hughes Inc Drilling apparatus with motor-driven pump steering control
CN110735601A (zh) * 2018-07-18 2020-01-31 中国石油化工股份有限公司 用于控制连续管钻井电液定向器的系统及状态反馈方法
CN110735601B (zh) * 2018-07-18 2021-04-23 中国石油化工股份有限公司 用于控制连续管钻井电液定向器的系统及状态反馈方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0486751B1 (fr) 1995-01-04
DE4037259C2 (fr) 1993-03-25
ATE116711T1 (de) 1995-01-15
DE4037259A1 (de) 1992-05-27

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