EP0486465B1 - Sleeper in synthetic material - Google Patents
Sleeper in synthetic material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0486465B1 EP0486465B1 EP91890274A EP91890274A EP0486465B1 EP 0486465 B1 EP0486465 B1 EP 0486465B1 EP 91890274 A EP91890274 A EP 91890274A EP 91890274 A EP91890274 A EP 91890274A EP 0486465 B1 EP0486465 B1 EP 0486465B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- plastic
- profiles
- dowels
- insert
- sleeper
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 241001669679 Eleotris Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 title abstract 3
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011093 chipboard Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004035 construction material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B3/00—Transverse or longitudinal sleepers; Other means resting directly on the ballastway for supporting rails
- E01B3/28—Transverse or longitudinal sleepers; Other means resting directly on the ballastway for supporting rails made from concrete or from natural or artificial stone
- E01B3/32—Transverse or longitudinal sleepers; Other means resting directly on the ballastway for supporting rails made from concrete or from natural or artificial stone with armouring or reinforcement
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B3/00—Transverse or longitudinal sleepers; Other means resting directly on the ballastway for supporting rails
- E01B3/44—Transverse or longitudinal sleepers; Other means resting directly on the ballastway for supporting rails made from other materials only if the material is essential
Definitions
- the invention relates to a plastic sleeper for the railway superstructure, in which a stiffening insert plate with openings for the anchoring of rail screws is arranged in a plastic, in particular rigid polyurethane foam.
- Plastic sleepers of the type mentioned at the outset can be found, for example, in AT-B-387 412.
- chipboard cores are sometimes arranged as inlays, with additional insert plates with a relatively complex shape being used to improve the anchoring of rail screws in the interior of plastic sleepers.
- From an embodiment of such plastic sleepers known from AT-B-305 330 it has already become known to provide steel reinforcements in those areas in which rails are to be fixed. With such an arrangement of steel reinforcements running in the middle, there is a risk of cracks across the width or height of the polyurethane foam, which adjoins these reinforcements, particularly in the case of particularly high loads and high axle pressures.
- Such plastic sleepers are usually produced in a molding box, which can be cast with polyurethane after inserting core components. The hardening process increases the volume and the outer contour of such a plastic sleeper is created in accordance with the shape of the molding box.
- the present invention now aims to develop a plastic sleeper of the type mentioned in such a way that it can withstand higher axle loads with certainty without the risk of cracking, while at the same time a particularly simple manufacture and safe anchoring option for rail screws or the like. is offered.
- the threshold according to the invention essentially consists in the fact that protruding profiles are connected to the edges of the insert extending in the longitudinal direction of the threshold. Due to the fact that the inserts running in the longitudinal direction of the sleeper are now equipped with an additional profile at their longitudinal edges, which exceeds the height of these inserts, it was surprisingly observed that the formation of cracks on the edges of the insert could no longer be observed even with higher axle loads .
- the profiles protruding in the height direction above the height of the insert not only improved the rigidity of the insert, but at the same time effectively counteracted the formation of cracks.
- the design is such that the profiles are designed as U or C profiles, the free legs of one profile facing the free legs of the opposite profile.
- Such a configuration of the profiles running in the longitudinal direction along the edges of the insert leads to an improvement in the securing of the position of the insert, the inwardly projecting free legs of such U or C profiles having a certain degree of elasticity which further counteracts crack formation.
- such a profile shape improves the bending stiffness of the sleeper with a low weight of the insert.
- a further improvement in rigidity in particularly high-stress areas and in particular an exact one Securing the position of the profiles running in the longitudinal direction of the sleeper can be achieved in that the design is such that the profiles in the area below the rail support are connected, in particular welded, to form a box girder via at least two sheets lying one above the other and parallel to the rail support.
- the box profile designed in this way enables safe anchoring of dowels for the reception of rail screws, whereby the inserts can extend into the hollow box, provided that a corresponding flooding through the plastic material is ensured when foaming in the area of the box profile.
- the design can preferably be such that the metal sheets have openings for receiving dowels for rail screws, the openings in one direction preferably having a dimension that exceeds the diameter of the dowels.
- the uniaxial widening of such openings for receiving dowels ensures the penetration of subsequently hardening plastic mass into the area of the dowels or into the interior of the hollow box, which is limited by the mutually parallel surfaces and the profiles, so that the Pull-out strength is improved and the absorption of tilting moments is ensured by such rail screws with a simple construction of the anchoring inserts.
- the life of the sleepers can be significantly increased by such a design with a particularly low weight.
- the design is advantageously made such that the inserts within the hollow box formed by the profiles and the sheets in the area of the perforations in the sheets likewise has openings, the clear width of which exceeds the outer diameter of the dowels.
- a further increase in the service life and in particular an improvement in the stability at particularly high axle loads can be achieved in that the surface of the sheet facing the rail support bears a support made of pressure-distributing material, in particular a grid or knobbed plate made of plastic.
- a pressure-distributing pad is usually referred to as a "construct material", such a pad not only improving the pressure distribution in the polyurethane, but also improving the anchoring of the polyurethane on the smooth metal surfaces.
- the inserts can consist of wood, in particular chipboard, whereby particularly cheap construction materials can be used with high strength and secure anchoring of the screws.
- the training is advantageously made such that the dowels are designed as plastic dowels.
- FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a plastic sleeper according to the invention with a schematically illustrated rail fastened thereon; 2 shows a plan view in the direction of arrow II of the plastic sleeper according to FIG. 1 without illustration of the rail; 3 shows a section along the line III-III of Figures 1 and 2 in the region of the arrangement of rail screws for fixing a rail on the plastic sleeper according to the invention on an enlarged scale; 4 shows, in a representation similar to FIG. 3, a section along the line IV-IV in FIGS. 1 and 2 in an area outside a rail support; and Fig. 5 in again enlarged scale, a top view of a sheet running essentially parallel to the rail support, which forms a hollow box together with the profiles.
- 1 denotes a plastic sleeper, in which an insert formed by a particle board core 2 running in the longitudinal direction of the sleeper is arranged.
- the insert or the core 2 is, as will become clearer from the following figures, delimited by the edges 3 running in the longitudinal direction of the threshold, these profiles projecting beyond the height of the insert 2.
- the profiles 3 running in the longitudinal direction of the insert 2 are at least two superimposed in the vertical direction , connected to the rail support substantially parallel sheets 8 together.
- the sheets 8 have recesses or openings 9 for receiving plastic dowels 10 for fixing rail screws. Furthermore, additional openings 11 are indicated in the sheets 8 in FIG. 2 in order to ensure that plastic penetrates into the mold when the sleepers are foamed out, as will be explained in more detail with reference to the following figures.
- the profiles 3 are formed by U or C profiles, the free legs 12 of which face each other.
- U or C profiles on the one hand the bending stiffness of the sleeper is increased and, on the other hand, cracking of the sleeper under stresses in the region of the edge of the insert or of the profiles is prevented. It can be clearly seen that the profiles 3 extending in the longitudinal direction protrude above the height of the insert 2.
- the profiles 3 are connected to one another via the sheets 8 running transversely to the surface of the threshold, in which plastic dowels 10 are in turn used for fixing rail screws.
- the insert or core 2 also has recesses or openings 13, the clear width of which exceeds the outer diameter of the dowels, so that penetration into the stiffening plates 8 occurs with the formation of the openings 9 shown in FIG and foaming of the hollow box formed by the profiles 3 and the sheets 8 is ensured.
- a support 14 made of pressure-distributing material for example a “construct material” grid or knob plate made of plastic, is arranged, which results in better pressure distribution in the polyurethane foam.
- the recesses or openings 9 for the support of the plastic dowels in the direction or axis denoted by 15 have a dimension which exceeds the diameter of the dowels.
- 5 also shows the additionally provided openings 11 for the penetration of plastic during foaming and a correspondingly secure connection of the plastic with the chipboard core.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Ceramic Products (AREA)
- Ultra Sonic Daignosis Equipment (AREA)
- Railway Tracks (AREA)
- Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
- Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
- Machines For Laying And Maintaining Railways (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Kunststoffschwelle für den Eisenbahnoberbau, bei welcher in einen Kunststoff, insbesondere Polyurethan-Hartschaum, eine der Versteifung dienende Einlageplatte mit Durchbrechungen für die Verankerung von Schienenschrauben angeordnet ist.The invention relates to a plastic sleeper for the railway superstructure, in which a stiffening insert plate with openings for the anchoring of rail screws is arranged in a plastic, in particular rigid polyurethane foam.
Kunststoffschwellen der eingangs genannten Art sind beispielsweise der AT-B-387 412 zu entnehmen. Bei dieser bekannten Konstruktion sind teilweise Spanplattenkerne als Einlagen angeordnet, wobei zusätzlich Einlagebleche mit relativ aufwendiger Formgebung eingesetzt wurden, um die Verankerung von Schienenschrauben im Inneren von Kunststoffschwellen zu verbessern. Auch aus einer aus der AT-B-305 330 bekannten Ausführungsform derartiger Kunststoffschwellen ist es bereits bekannt geworden, in denjenigen Bereichen, in welchen Schienen festgelegt werden sollen, Stahlarmierungen vorzusehen. Bei einer derartigen Anordnung von mittig verlaufenden Stahlarmierungen besteht insbesondere bei besonders hohen Belastungen und hohen Achsdrücken die Gefahr von Rissen über die Breite bzw. Höhe des Polyurethan-Schaumes, welcher an diese Armierungen anschließt. Die Herstellung derartiger Kunststoffschwellen erfolgt üblicherweise in einem Formkasten, welcher nach dem Einlegen von Kernbauteilen mit Polyurethan vergossen werden kann. Durch den Aushärteprozeß erfolgt eine Volumsvergrößerung und es entsteht entsprechend der Formgebung durch den Formkasten die Außenkontur einer derartigen Kunststoffschwelle.Plastic sleepers of the type mentioned at the outset can be found, for example, in AT-B-387 412. In this known construction, chipboard cores are sometimes arranged as inlays, with additional insert plates with a relatively complex shape being used to improve the anchoring of rail screws in the interior of plastic sleepers. From an embodiment of such plastic sleepers known from AT-B-305 330 it has already become known to provide steel reinforcements in those areas in which rails are to be fixed. With such an arrangement of steel reinforcements running in the middle, there is a risk of cracks across the width or height of the polyurethane foam, which adjoins these reinforcements, particularly in the case of particularly high loads and high axle pressures. Such plastic sleepers are usually produced in a molding box, which can be cast with polyurethane after inserting core components. The hardening process increases the volume and the outer contour of such a plastic sleeper is created in accordance with the shape of the molding box.
Bisher bekannte Konstruktionen von Kunststoffschwellen hatten gegenüber bekannten Holz-, Beton- oder Stahlschwellen den Nachteil, daß sie nur bis zu einer Achslast von maximal 17 t zum Einsatz gelangen konnten. Insbesondere bei höheren Achslasten wurden häufig Risse im Bereich der Kanten der Einlagen innerhalb des Polyurethanschaumes beobachtet.Previously known constructions of plastic sleepers had the disadvantage compared to known wooden, concrete or steel sleepers that they could only be used up to an axle load of maximum 17 t. Cracks were frequently observed in the area of the edges of the inserts within the polyurethane foam, in particular with higher axle loads.
Die vorliegende Erfindung zielt nun darauf ab, eine Kunststoffschwelle der eingangs genannten Art dahingehend weiterzubilden, daß sie ohne Gefahr von Rißbildungen auch höhere Achslasten mit Sicherheit aufnehmen kann, wobei gleichzeitig eine besonders einfache Herstellung und sichere Verankerungsmöglichkeit für Schienenschrauben od.dgl. geboten wird. Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe besteht die erfindungsgemäße Schwelle im wesentlichen darin, daß an den in Schwellenlängsrichtung verlaufenden Rändern der Einlage über die Höhe der Einlage vorstehende Profile angeschlossen sind. Dadurch, daß die in Schwellenlängsrichtung verlaufenden Einlage nunmehr an ihren Längsrändern mit einem zusätzlichen Profil ausgestattet sind, welches die Höhe dieser Einlagen übersteigt, wurde überraschenderweise beobachtet, daß nunmehr die Ausbildung von Rissen an den Kanten der Einlage auch bei höheren Achslasten nicht mehr beobachtet werden konnte. Durch die in Höhenrichtung über die Höhe der Einlage vorstehenden Profile wurde somit nicht nur die Steifigkeit der Einlage verbessert, sondern gleichzeitig der Rißbildung wirkungsvoll entgegengewirkt.The present invention now aims to develop a plastic sleeper of the type mentioned in such a way that it can withstand higher axle loads with certainty without the risk of cracking, while at the same time a particularly simple manufacture and safe anchoring option for rail screws or the like. is offered. To achieve this object, the threshold according to the invention essentially consists in the fact that protruding profiles are connected to the edges of the insert extending in the longitudinal direction of the threshold. Due to the fact that the inserts running in the longitudinal direction of the sleeper are now equipped with an additional profile at their longitudinal edges, which exceeds the height of these inserts, it was surprisingly observed that the formation of cracks on the edges of the insert could no longer be observed even with higher axle loads . The profiles protruding in the height direction above the height of the insert not only improved the rigidity of the insert, but at the same time effectively counteracted the formation of cracks.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung der erfindungsgemäßen Schwelle ist die Ausbildung so getroffen, daß die Profile als U- oder C-Profile ausgebildet sind, wobei die freien Schenkel eines Profils den freien Schenkeln des gegenüberliegenden Profils zugewandt sind. Eine derartige Ausgestaltung der in Längsrichtung längs der Ränder der Einlage verlaufenden Profile führt zu einer Verbesserung der Lagesicherung der Einlage, wobei die einwärts ragenden freien Schenkel derartiger U- bzw. C-Profile ein gewisses Maß an Elastizität aufweisen, welches einer Rißbildung weiter entgegenwirkt. Zusätzlich wird durch eine derartige Profilform die Biegesteifigkeit der Schwelle bei gleichzeitig geringem Gewicht der Einlage verbessert.According to a preferred development of the threshold according to the invention, the design is such that the profiles are designed as U or C profiles, the free legs of one profile facing the free legs of the opposite profile. Such a configuration of the profiles running in the longitudinal direction along the edges of the insert leads to an improvement in the securing of the position of the insert, the inwardly projecting free legs of such U or C profiles having a certain degree of elasticity which further counteracts crack formation. In addition, such a profile shape improves the bending stiffness of the sleeper with a low weight of the insert.
Eine weitere Verbesserung der Steifigkeit in besonders hoch beanspruchten Bereichen und insbesondere eine exakte Lagesicherung der in Schwellenlängsrichtung verlaufenden Profile läßt sich dadurch erreichen, daß die Ausbildung so getroffen ist, daß die Profile im Bereich unterhalb der Schienenauflage über wenigstens zwei in Höhenrichtung übereinanderliegende, zur Schienenauflage parallele Bleche zu einem Hohlkasten verbunden, insbesondere verschweißt, sind. Das auf diese Weise ausgebildete Kastenprofil ermöglicht eine sichere Verankerung von Dübeln für die Aufnahme von Schienenschrauben, wobei sich die Einlagen in den Hohlkasten erstrecken können, sofern eine entsprechende Durchflutung durch das Kunststoffmaterial beim Anschäumen auch im Bereich des Kastenprofiles sichergestellt wird. Um Dübel in Ausnehmungen derartiger Bleche sicher zu verankern, kann die Ausbildung bevorzugt so getroffen sein, daß die Bleche Durchbrechungen für die Aufnahme von Dübeln für Schienenschrauben aufweisen, wobei vorzugsweise die Durchbrechungen in einer Richtung eine den Durchmesser der Dübel übersteigende Abmessung aufweisen. Insbesondere die einachsige Verbreiterung derartiger Durchbrechungen für die Aufnahme von Dübeln gewährleistet beim Anschäumen das Eindringen von in der Folge härtender Kunststoffmasse in den Bereich der Dübel bzw. in das Innere des Hohlkastens, welcher von den zueinander parallelen Flächen und den Profilen begrenzt wird, so daß die Auszugfestigkeit verbessert wird und die Aufnahme von Kippmomenten durch derartige Schienenschrauben bei einfacher Konstruktion der Verankerungseinlagen gewährleistet ist. Gleichzeitig kann durch eine derartige Ausbildung bei besonders geringem Eigengewicht die Standzeit der Schwellen wesentlich erhöht werden. Um sicherzustellen, daß Polyurethanschaum tatsächlich im Bereich der Dübel nicht durch das Material der Einlagen an einem Eindringen in das Innere des Hohlprofiles behindert wird, ist die Ausbildung mit Vorteil so getroffen, daß die Einlagen innerhalb des von den Profilen und den Blechen gebildeten Hohlkastens im Bereich der Durchbrechungen der Bleche gleichfalls Durchbrechungen aufweist, deren lichte Weite den Außendurchmesser der Dübel übersteigt.A further improvement in rigidity in particularly high-stress areas and in particular an exact one Securing the position of the profiles running in the longitudinal direction of the sleeper can be achieved in that the design is such that the profiles in the area below the rail support are connected, in particular welded, to form a box girder via at least two sheets lying one above the other and parallel to the rail support. The box profile designed in this way enables safe anchoring of dowels for the reception of rail screws, whereby the inserts can extend into the hollow box, provided that a corresponding flooding through the plastic material is ensured when foaming in the area of the box profile. In order to securely anchor dowels in recesses of such metal sheets, the design can preferably be such that the metal sheets have openings for receiving dowels for rail screws, the openings in one direction preferably having a dimension that exceeds the diameter of the dowels. In particular, the uniaxial widening of such openings for receiving dowels ensures the penetration of subsequently hardening plastic mass into the area of the dowels or into the interior of the hollow box, which is limited by the mutually parallel surfaces and the profiles, so that the Pull-out strength is improved and the absorption of tilting moments is ensured by such rail screws with a simple construction of the anchoring inserts. At the same time, the life of the sleepers can be significantly increased by such a design with a particularly low weight. In order to ensure that polyurethane foam is not actually hindered by the material of the inserts from penetrating into the interior of the hollow profile in the area of the dowels, the design is advantageously made such that the inserts within the hollow box formed by the profiles and the sheets in the area of the perforations in the sheets likewise has openings, the clear width of which exceeds the outer diameter of the dowels.
Eine weitere Erhöhung der Standzeit und insbesondere eine Verbesserung der Standfestigkeit bei besonders hohen Achslasten kann dadurch erreicht werden, daß die der Schienenauflage zugewandte Fläche des Bleches eine Auflage aus druckverteilendem Material, insbesondere ein Raster- oder Noppenplatte aus Kunststoff, trägt. Eine derartige druckverteilende Auflage wird üblicherweise als "Construct-Material" bezeichnet, wobei eine derartige Auflage neben einer besseren Druckverteilung im Polyurethan auch eine Verbesserung der Verankerung des Polyurethans an den glatten Metalloberflächen mit sich bringt. In an sich bekannter Weise können die Einlagen hiebei aus Holz-, insbesondere Preßspanplatten bestehen, wodurch besonders billige Konstruktionsmaterialien bei gleichzeitig hoher Festigkeit und sicherer Verankerung der Schrauben zum Einsatz gelangen können.A further increase in the service life and in particular an improvement in the stability at particularly high axle loads can be achieved in that the surface of the sheet facing the rail support bears a support made of pressure-distributing material, in particular a grid or knobbed plate made of plastic. Such a pressure-distributing pad is usually referred to as a "construct material", such a pad not only improving the pressure distribution in the polyurethane, but also improving the anchoring of the polyurethane on the smooth metal surfaces. In a manner known per se, the inserts can consist of wood, in particular chipboard, whereby particularly cheap construction materials can be used with high strength and secure anchoring of the screws.
Zur Verbesserung der isolierenden Wirkung der Schwelle ist die Ausbildung mit Vorteil so getroffen, daß die Dübel als Kunststoffdübel ausgebildet sind.To improve the insulating effect of the threshold, the training is advantageously made such that the dowels are designed as plastic dowels.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand eines in der Zeichnung schematisch dargestellten Ausführungsbeispieles näher erläutert. In dieser zeigen Fig.1 einen Längsschnitt durch eine erfindungsgemäß Kunststoffschwelle mit einer schematisch dargestellten, auf dieser befestigten Schiene; Fig.2 eine Draufsicht in Richtung des Pfeiles II auf die Künststoffschwelle gemäß Fig.1 ohne Darstellung der Schiene; Fig.3 einen Schnitt nach der Linie III-III der Fig.1 und 2 im Bereich der Anordnung von Schienenschrauben zur Festlegung einer Schiene an der erfindungsgemäßen Kunststoffschwelle in vergrößertem Maßstab; Fig.4 in einer zur Fig.3 ähnlichen Darstellung einen Schnitt nach der Linie IV-IV der Fig.1 und 2 in einem Bereich außerhalb einer Schienenauflage; und Fig.5 in nochmals vergrößertem Maßstab eine Draufsicht auf ein im wesentlichen parallel zur Schienenauflage verlaufendes Blech, welches gemeinsam mit den Profilen einen Hohlkasten ausbildet.The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of an exemplary embodiment shown schematically in the drawing. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a plastic sleeper according to the invention with a schematically illustrated rail fastened thereon; 2 shows a plan view in the direction of arrow II of the plastic sleeper according to FIG. 1 without illustration of the rail; 3 shows a section along the line III-III of Figures 1 and 2 in the region of the arrangement of rail screws for fixing a rail on the plastic sleeper according to the invention on an enlarged scale; 4 shows, in a representation similar to FIG. 3, a section along the line IV-IV in FIGS. 1 and 2 in an area outside a rail support; and Fig. 5 in again enlarged scale, a top view of a sheet running essentially parallel to the rail support, which forms a hollow box together with the profiles.
In den Fig.1 und 2 ist mit 1 eine Kunststoffschwelle bezeichnet, in welcher eine von einem in Längsrichtung der Schwelle verlaufenden Preßspanplattenkern 2 gebildete Einlage angeordnet ist. Die Einlage bzw. der Kern 2 wird, wie dies aus den nachfolgenden Figuren noch deutlicher ersichtlich werden wird, an den in Schwellenlängsrichtung verlaufenden Rändern von Profilen 3 begrenzt, wobei diese Profile über die Höhe der Einlage 2 vorragen. Im Bereich der Auflage einer Schiene 4, welche unter Zwischenschaltung einer Rippenplatte 5 und einer Druckverteilungsplatte 6 sowie gegebenenfalls vorhandenen Dämfpungsschichten an der Kunststoffschwelle 1 über schematisch angedeutete Verschraubungen 7 festgelegt wird, sind die in Längsrichtung der Einlage 2 verlaufenden Profile 3 durch wenigstens zwei in Höhenrichtung übereinanderliegende, zur Schienenauflage im wesentlichen parallele Bleche 8 miteinander verbunden. Die insbesondere miteinander verschweißten Profile 3 sowie die Bleche 8 bilden dann eine Hohlkastenstruktur aus, welche die Einlage bzw. den Preßspanplattenkern 2 vollständig umgibt. Die Bleche 8 weisen Ausnehmungen bzw. Durchbrechungen 9 für die Aufnahme von Kunststoffdübeln 10 fur eine Festlegung von Schienenschrauben auf. Weiters sind in Fig.2 zusätzliche Durchbrechungen 11 in den Blechen 8 angedeutet, um ein Eindringen von Kunststoff beim Ausschäumen der Schwellen in einer Form sicherzustellen, wie dies unter Bezugnahme auf die nachfolgenden Figuren noch näher erläutert werden wird.1 and 2, 1 denotes a plastic sleeper, in which an insert formed by a
Aus den Fig.3 und 4 sind deutlich die in Längsrichtung der Schwelle 1 verlaufenden Profile 3 ersichtlich, welche an den Rändern der Einlage bzw. des Preßspanplattenkerns 2 angeordnet sind. Die Profile 3 werden dabei von U- bzw. C-Profilen gebildet, deren freie Schenkel 12 jeweils einander zugewandt ist. Durch die Verwendung von U- bzw. C-Profilen wird einerseits die Biegesteifigkeit der Schwelle erhöht und es wird andererseits eine Rißbildung der Schwelle unter Beanspruchungen im Bereich der Kante der Einlage bzw. der Profile verhindert. Es ist dabei deutlich ersichtlich, daß die in Längsrichtung verlaufenden Profile 3 die Höhe der Einlage 2 überragen.3 and 4 clearly show the
In dem in Fig.3 dargestellten Bereich der Schienenauflage sind die Profile 3 miteinander über die quer zur Oberfläche der Schwelle verlaufenden Bleche 8 verbunden, in welche wiederum Kunststoffdübel 10 für die Festlegung von Schienenschrauben eingesetzt sind. Im Bereich der Dübel 10 weist die Einlage bzw. der Kern 2 ebenfalls Ausnehmungen bzw. Durchbrechungen 13 auf, deren lichte Weite den Außendurchmesser der Dübel übersteigt, so daß mit der in Fig.5 näher gezeigten Ausbildung der Durchbrechungen 9 in den Versteifungsblechen 8 ein Eindringen und Ausschäumen des von den Profilen 3 und den Blechen 8 gebildeten Hohlkasten sichergestellt wird. Zusätzlich wird im oberen Bereich an dem von den Profilen 3 und den Blechen 8 gebildeten Hohlkasten eine Auflage 14 aus druckverteilendem Material, beispielsweise eine aus "Construct-Material" bestehende Raster- oder Noppenplatte aus Kunststoff angeordnet, wodurch eine bessere Druckverteilung im Polyurethanschaum entsteht.In the area of the rail support shown in FIG. 3, the
In Teilbereichen außerhalb einer Schienenauflage, wie dies in Fig.4 dargestellt ist, finden lediglich die in Längsrichtung der Schwelle an den Rändern der Einlage bzw. des Kernes verlaufenden Profile 3 Verwendung.In partial areas outside a rail support, as shown in FIG. 4, only the
Bei der in Fig.5 dargestellten Draufsicht auf ein Versteifungsblech 8 ist deutlich ersichtlich, daß die Ausnehmungen bzw. Durchbrechungen 9 für die Auflage der Kunststoffdübel in der mit 15 bezeichneten Richtung bzw. Achse eine den Durchmesser der Dübel übersteigende Abmessung aufweisen. Derart wird beim Ausschäumen des in einen Formkasten eingesetzten vorbereiteten Schwellenkerns mit den Armierungen und den Kunststoffdübeln ein Eindringen von Kunststoff, insbesondere Polyurethan-Hartschaum, in den Bereich der mit größerem Durchmesser als den Außendurchmesser der Dübel ausgebildeten Ausnehmungen 13 der Einlage 2 und somit eine stabile Verankerung der Kunststoffdübel über die gesamte Dicke der Schwelle ermöglicht. Aus Fig.5 sind weiters die zusätzlich vorgesehenen Durchbrechungen 11 für ein Eindringen von Kunststoff beim Ausschäumen und eine entsprechend sichere Verbindung des Kunststoffes mit dem Preßspanplattenkern ersichtlich.In the plan view of a
Bei der Ausbildung der Kunststoffschwelle gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung hat sich gezeigt, daß durch die Verwendung von in Schwellenlängsrichtung verlaufenden Profilen an den Rändern der Einlage eine hohe Standfestigkeit für die Belastung mit hohen Achslasten von beispielsweise 25 t möglich wird. Somit können auch für derartig hohe Achslasten die vorteilhaften Eigenschaften von Kunststoffschwellen von praktisch nicht vorliegenden störenden Umwelteinflüssen und einer überaus langen Standzeit bis zu 60 Jahren bei geringem Eigengewicht erhalten werden.When designing the plastic sleeper according to the present invention, it has been shown that the use of profiles running in the longitudinal direction of the sleeper at the edges of the insert makes it possible to withstand high loads with high axle loads of, for example, 25 t. Thus, even for such high axle loads, the advantageous properties of plastic sleepers from practically nonexistent disruptive environmental influences and an extremely long service life of up to 60 years can be obtained with a low weight.
Claims (9)
- Plastic sleeper for the railway permanent way, in which, in a plastic, in particular rigid polyurethane foam, an insert (2) which serves for stiffening, is designed as an insert plate and has openings (13) for anchoring rail bolts is arranged, characterized in that profiles (3) projecting above the height of the inserts (2) are connected to the edges of the insert (2) running in the sleeper longitudinal direction.
- Plastic sleeper according to Claim 1, characterized in that the profiles (3) are designed as U-profiles or C-profiles, the free legs (12) of one profile (3) facing the free legs (12) of the opposite profile.
- Plastic sleeper according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the profiles are joined, in particular welded, in the region below the rail support, via at least two metal plates (8) which lie one above the other in the vertical direction and are parallel to the rail support, to form a hollow box.
- Plastic sleeper according to Claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the metal plates (8) have openings (9) to receive dowels (10) for rail bolts.
- Plastic sleeper according to Claim 4, characterized in that the openings (9) have in one direction (15) a size exceeding the diameter of the dowels (10).
- Plastic sleeper according to Claim 3, 4 or 5, characterized in that the insert (2) within the hollow box formed by the profiles (3) and the metal plates (8) also has, in the region of the openings (9) in the metal plates (8), openings (13) whose clear width exceeds the external diameter of the dowels (10).
- Plastic sleeper according to one of Claims 3 to 6, characterized in that that surface of the metal plate (8) facing the rail support bears a covering of pressure-distributing material, in particular a grid plate or knubbed plate made of plastic.
- Plastic sleeper according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that wooden boards, in particular pressboards, are used as material for the inserts (2).
- Plastic sleeper according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the dowels (10) are designed as plastic dowels.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT229790 | 1990-11-14 | ||
| AT2297/90 | 1990-11-14 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0486465A1 EP0486465A1 (en) | 1992-05-20 |
| EP0486465B1 true EP0486465B1 (en) | 1994-04-20 |
Family
ID=3531746
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP91890274A Expired - Lifetime EP0486465B1 (en) | 1990-11-14 | 1991-11-12 | Sleeper in synthetic material |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0486465B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH04285201A (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE104716T1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE59101442D1 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI915361A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO914446L (en) |
| PT (1) | PT99512A (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BE1009805A5 (en) * | 1995-11-29 | 1997-08-05 | W Lippens S A Nv | Traverse way for railway. |
| US6179215B1 (en) * | 1996-07-29 | 2001-01-30 | Primix International, Llc | Composite railroad crosstie |
| CN1304695C (en) * | 2005-07-21 | 2007-03-14 | 袁强 | Wholly coated rail sleeper and manufacture thereof |
| US7592059B2 (en) | 2005-08-16 | 2009-09-22 | Dustin K. Lane, legal representative | Lightweight, composite structural railroad ties |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR320261A (en) * | 1902-04-07 | 1902-12-05 | Doyle John | Improvements made to the construction of rail fasteners |
| FR433819A (en) * | 1911-09-01 | 1912-01-17 | John Henry Flood | Reinforced concrete sleeper |
| US1522209A (en) * | 1924-07-29 | 1925-01-06 | Ruse Olford Frank | Railroad tie |
| AT305330B (en) * | 1971-06-21 | 1973-02-26 | Voest Ag | Plastic sleeper, especially for a ballastless track |
| DE3039931C2 (en) * | 1980-10-23 | 1982-09-16 | Dyckerhoff & Widmann AG, 8000 München | Dowels for fastening rails on prestressed concrete sleepers |
| JPS583841U (en) * | 1981-06-30 | 1983-01-11 | 東芝設備機器株式会社 | kitchen furniture |
-
1991
- 1991-11-12 EP EP91890274A patent/EP0486465B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-11-12 DE DE59101442T patent/DE59101442D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-11-12 AT AT9191890274T patent/ATE104716T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-11-13 NO NO91914446A patent/NO914446L/en unknown
- 1991-11-13 FI FI915361A patent/FI915361A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1991-11-14 JP JP3297560A patent/JPH04285201A/en active Pending
- 1991-11-14 PT PT99512A patent/PT99512A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE59101442D1 (en) | 1994-05-26 |
| FI915361A (en) | 1992-05-15 |
| ATE104716T1 (en) | 1994-05-15 |
| JPH04285201A (en) | 1992-10-09 |
| NO914446L (en) | 1992-05-15 |
| EP0486465A1 (en) | 1992-05-20 |
| PT99512A (en) | 1993-12-31 |
| FI915361A0 (en) | 1991-11-13 |
| NO914446D0 (en) | 1991-11-13 |
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