Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
  • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
  • F23N5/003—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to combustion gas properties
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
  • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
  • F23N5/24—Preventing development of abnormal or undesired conditions, i.e. safety arrangements
  • F23N5/242—Preventing development of abnormal or undesired conditions, i.e. safety arrangements using electronic means
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
  • F23N2225/00—Measuring
  • F23N2225/08—Measuring temperature
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
  • F23N2231/00—Fail safe
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
  • F23N2231/00—Fail safe
  • F23N2231/04—Fail safe for electrical power failures
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
  • F23N2231/00—Fail safe
  • F23N2231/10—Fail safe for component failures
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
  • F23N2231/00—Fail safe
  • F23N2231/20—Warning devices
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
  • F23N2235/00—Valves, nozzles or pumps
  • F23N2235/12—Fuel valves
  • F23N2235/14—Fuel valves electromagnetically operated
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
  • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
  • F23N5/003—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to combustion gas properties
  • F23N5/006—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to combustion gas properties the detector being sensitive to oxygen

Definitions

• the present invention relates to the safety of combustion heating installations, that is to say installations in which caloric energy is obtained by the combustion of a fuel. It relates more particularly to a security system specially adapted to this type of installation.
• Heating installations in particular combustion systems, involve the following risk: when a potentially critical situation is not detected in time, the potential danger may turn into real danger.
• persistent production of carbon monoxide CO may involve a risk of poisoning.
• a rise in the temperature of the heating installation can, if it continues, cause a fire.
• the object of the present invention is precisely to prevent this kind of risk.
• a safety system has been designed for a combustion heating installation; this comprises on the one hand one or more probes capable of exploring situations indicating a potential danger inside said heating installation and on the other hand an interruption device capable of stopping the combustion process in the event of potential danger detected by at least one probe.
• the probes useful for the detection of a potential danger they can be probes exploring the operating conditions of the installation such as a temperature probe, a carbon monoxide CO probe which explores the content in CO of combustion gases, a carbon dioxide probe C0 ? which explores the C0 2 content of the combustion gases, an oxygen sensor capable of exploring the oxygen content of the combustion gases or of the air supplied to the installation.
• H may also be probes capable of verifying whether the security system is itself in good working condition and therefore capable of perfectly ensuring the safety of the installation, for example a probe which explores the value of the voltage d security system supply, a probe which explores possible wire breaks, in particular in the CO, CO or O probes and in their connection to the interrupting device.
• the security system which is the subject of the present invention is applicable, for example, to domestic heating installations, such as gas or oil central heating boilers, gas wall heaters or oil stoves. However, it can also be used on other types of heating installations, of the industrial type for example.
• the system of the present invention comprises an electronic centralized control circuit 1, connected to an interrupt device 2.
• This interruption device 2 can be composed, for example, of a valve incorporated in the fuel inlet duct, which can be actuated, as desired, by a solenoid or an electric motor. It will preferably be a valve capable of automatically placing itself in the closed position when the energy supply is closed.
• the centralized control circuit 1 is connected to a indicating device 3.
• This indicating device 3 allows the user to be informed of the anomaly and possibly to know the origin of the anomaly noted; it is an optical and / or auditory indicator, for example an audible signal.
• the indications of the indicating device 3 are advantageously, in the case of heating installations in a factory, transmitted to the central control station of the factory for example by HF signal
• the security system includes four 4,5,6,7 probes; the first 4 measures the temperature of the controlled heating installation; the second 5 determines the CO content of the combustion gases; the third 6 explores the supply voltage; and the fourth 7 checks if there is a wire break in the circuit at the CO probe 5.
• the security system is equipped with an ignition device 8 which is actuated by an ignition control member 9. This ignition control member 9 can take the form of a manual control, but it can also be equipped with a thermostatic switch.
• An AND circuit 10 has been placed between the ignition control member and the ignition device 8. The AND circuit 10 also receives the signals from the temperature probe 4 and from the centralized control circuit 1.
• the temperature sensor 4 When the heating system is operating, the temperature sensor 4 continuously detects its internal temperature. If the temperature stays within certain predetermined limits, nothing happens. If, on the other hand, the temperature exceeds the predetermined minimum or maximum limits, the information is transmitted to the centralized control circuit 1 which detects the presence of an anomaly, reports it to the indicator 3 and interrupts combustion by triggering the interruption 2. Under normal combustion conditions, it is also possible control the CO content of the combustion gases using the probe 5. In the same way, when the average value exceeds the predetermined value, the centralized control circuit 1 detects the anomaly, transmits the information and interrupts combustion. When the supply voltage probe 6 detects a supply voltage that is too low or too high, which can also cause an accident, the centralized control circuit detects an anomaly and combustion is also stopped, since in such conditions the security system may not function properly.
• the wire break probe 7 acts in exactly the same way. When it detects a wire break in the CO probe, it transmits the anomaly and interrupts combustion. In doing so, it prevents the critical situation from continuing and the real danger is therefore averted.
• the interruption order is again sent intermittently to the interruption device, and this until the temperature has lowered below the limit value, so as to have the assurance that the flame has been extinguished.
• the user can use the ignition control member 9 to try to activate the ignition device 8 which makes it possible to light the installation. This attempt will be followed by an effect only if the temperature sensor 4 of the heating installation detects a temperature below the predetermined value, and if the centralized control circuit 1 does not indicate any anomaly.
• the centralized control circuit 1 sends a pulse to the interrupting device 3 every minute, as long as the temperature probe 4 does not indicate that the temperature is below about 50 ° C. If the heating system is restarted, the fact that the temperature is below about 50 ° C allows ignition in good conditions and not a violent ignition as may occur in the presence of fuel vapor.
• the centralized control circuit 1 may include a time delay so that it does not take into account the signals emitted by the CO probe 5 and those of the signals emitted by the temperature probe 4 which correspond to the minimum temperature only after '' a predetermined time after ignition.
• This time delay is adjustable; the predetermined time is chosen according to the type of CO 5 probe; for the current probes it is 10 to 15 minutes, which is the time after which the probe 5 is stabilized in reading.
• the temperature probe 4 must be able to react immediately to a temperature higher than the predetermined maximum temperature.
• the temperature probe 4 is constantly energized, independently of the security system proper, so that if the temperature probe 4 detects an abnormal temperature, it automatically activates the security system.
• the invention is not limited to the embodiment which has been described by way of non-exhaustive example but covers all the variants.
• carbon dioxide probe making it possible to measure the content of C0 ? combustion gases
• oxygen sensor for measuring the oxygen content of the combustion gases or of the air supplying the installation. If it is vital to detect even a very weak presence of carbon monoxide, it is also very important to detect the evolution of COp and Op during combustion. Even in the absence of carbon monoxide, a decrease in oxygen below a certain threshold or an increase in carbon dioxide beyond a certain threshold can have very harmful or even fatal effects on the occupant of the room where the installation is located.
• the combustion can be interrupted either by cutting the fuel supply as has been described in the example above, either by smothering the flame by appropriate means.
• Such means can be mechanical, in this case the interrupting device 2 comprises means capable of retracting the wick in its housing; these means could possibly be chemical, of the extinguisher type.
• the interruption device will be a solenoid valve capable of cutting off the gas supply.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
• Control Of Combustion (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=19856862

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (4)

Families Citing this family (4)

Family Cites Families (6)

• 1990
  • 1990-04-04 NL NL9000789A patent/NL9000789A/nl not_active Application Discontinuation
• 1991
  • 1991-04-03 EP EP91907766A patent/EP0484475A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 1991-04-03 PT PT97238A patent/PT97238A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1991-04-03 WO PCT/FR1991/000257 patent/WO1991015716A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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