EP0482707A2 - Lampe électrique - Google Patents

Lampe électrique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0482707A2
EP0482707A2 EP91202699A EP91202699A EP0482707A2 EP 0482707 A2 EP0482707 A2 EP 0482707A2 EP 91202699 A EP91202699 A EP 91202699A EP 91202699 A EP91202699 A EP 91202699A EP 0482707 A2 EP0482707 A2 EP 0482707A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lead
clamping portions
terminal
electric lamp
clamping
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP91202699A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0482707A3 (en
Inventor
David K. Dayton
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Koninklijke Philips NV
Original Assignee
Philips Gloeilampenfabrieken NV
Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Philips Gloeilampenfabrieken NV, Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV filed Critical Philips Gloeilampenfabrieken NV
Publication of EP0482707A2 publication Critical patent/EP0482707A2/fr
Publication of EP0482707A3 publication Critical patent/EP0482707A3/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01K—ELECTRIC INCANDESCENT LAMPS
    • H01K1/00—Details
    • H01K1/42—Means forming part of the lamp for the purpose of providing electrical connection, or support for, the lamp
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R33/00—Coupling devices specially adapted for supporting apparatus and having one part acting as a holder providing support and electrical connection via a counterpart which is structurally associated with the apparatus, e.g. lamp holders; Separate parts thereof
    • H01R33/05—Two-pole devices
    • H01R33/06—Two-pole devices with two current-carrying pins, blades or analogous contacts, having their axes parallel to each other
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
    • H01R4/02—Soldered or welded connections

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electric lamp comprising a light transmissive envelope, a light source arranged within said envelope, a conductive lead-through connected to said light source and extending through said envelope to the exterior, and a cap of synthetic material disposed on said envelope and having a metallic contact terminal connected to a said lead-through exterior to said envelope.
  • Such a lamp is known from US 4.687.965.
  • the known lamp is a type 9005/9006 automotive head lamp having an insulative base of synthetic material in which planar tongue-shaped contact terminals are disposed.
  • the lead-throughs are fastened to the terminals by welding.
  • the said patent teaches terminals having a raised rib, extending normal to the lead-through, to which the lead-through is welded.
  • the welding current then passes through a "point-shaped" contact area between the lead-through and the rib, concentrating the welding current at one spot, and increasing the strength of the weld. This is in contrast to the prior technique of welding the lead-through to a flat surface of the terminal in which the welding current passed through a "line-shaped" larger area, which produced a weaker weld.
  • weld failures have been known to occur in service, causing failure of the lamp. It is believed that the factors contributing to the weld failures include forces on the welds during lamp service, corrosion, chemical attack, and also initial defects in the welds during manufacture.
  • the welds may also be weakened by corrosion from water, dirt, dust, and/or road salts which may infiltrate the lamp cap during service.
  • a cover and a synthetic sealing material such as silicone rubber
  • the strength of the welds may be limited initially because the available materials for the lead-throughs and the contact terminals may be restricted.
  • SAE standard J580 limits the permissible voltage drop in the contact terminals, with the result that the lead-through and contact terminal materials may be less than optimally compatible from a welding standpoint.
  • Another factor which contributes to unsatisfactory welds when resistance welding is used is equipment and/or operator error in aligning the welding electrodes with the lead-through, causing insufficient welding current to flow through the contact area between the lead-through and the contact terminal.
  • an object of the invention to provide an electric lamp of the kind described in the opening paragraph having a strengthened mechanical and improved electrical connection between the conductive lead-throughs and the contact terminals of the cap.
  • this object is achieved in that characterized in that said terminal has first and second clamping portions clamping said lead-through therebetween at two opposing surfaces of said lead-through, and said first and second clamping portions being welded to said lead-through at said two opposing lead-through surfaces.
  • the construction according to the invention results in increased strength of the connection because the lead-through is connected to the terminal by two welds instead of one. Additional strength and reliability is provided by reason of the lead-through being clamped between the first and second clamping portions.
  • the clamping provides back-up mechanical and electrical connection in the event of a deficient weld and also prevents failure of the welds caused by movement of the terminals in the lamp cap by reason of the additional clamping force.
  • a "weld” is defined as a localized coalescence of metal wherein coalescence is produced by heating to suitable temperatures, with or without the application of pressure, and with or without the use of filler material.
  • the filler material may have a melting point similar to the base metals, or lower than the base metals but above approximately 450°C. This definition includes resistance welding, brazing, and braze-welding, among others.
  • the terminal contacts comprise a metal plating adjacent the lead-through effective as a filler material for forming a brazed joint between the lead-through and the clamping portions of the contact terminal.
  • the metal plating flows, wetting the surface of the lead-through, and coalesces with the lead-through and the terminal upon cooling of the terminal below the melting point of the plating.
  • the increased contact surface area of the metal plating with the lead-through provides improved electrical contact.
  • the two clamping portions have plated faces which contact each other with clamping force adjacent the lead-through.
  • the plated faces are heated sufficiently adjacent the lead-through such that the metal plating of the two clamping portions coalesce with each other, locking the clamping portions together.
  • the contact terminals have a plating selected from the group consisting of tin and nickel.
  • the terminals consist of a material selected from the group consisting of nickel-plated brass, nickel-plated cupro-nickel, tin-plated brass, or tin-plated cupro-nickel.
  • the terminals may consist of brass.
  • the lead-throughs consists of molybdenum, which provides an effective gas-tight seal with a hard glass or quartz glass envelope.
  • the contact terminals according to another embodiment are tongue-shaped, formed from a planar strip of conductive metal.
  • the first and second clamping portions of the terminal are joined by an elbow at an acute angle.
  • the clamping portions are also favourable at an end of the terminal.
  • This construction is advantageous because during assembly the corresponding lead-through is positioned between the two clamping portions and the welding electrodes of a resistance welder may be used to close the clamping portion, clamping the lead-through therebetween.
  • the welding electrode need not contact the lead-through directly, but may contact the clamping portions adjacent the lead-through while still obtaining current passage through and heating of the lead-through to obtain a satisfactory weld or braze. Accordingly, less precision is required in positioning the welding electrode as compared to the prior art in which the welding electrode had to contact the lead-through itself.
  • a clamping portion comprises a raised rib extending across the respective lead-through.
  • the raised rib is more readily deformable around the lead-through than a flat surface and was found to provide an effective clamp with the lead-through.
  • Figure 1 shows a 9005/9006 type automotive head lamp having a light transmissive lamp envelope 1 of hard glass or quartz glass, which is filled with a gas and has a vacuum-tight press seal 2.
  • a light source consisting of filament 3 is arranged inside the lamp vessel and is connected to conductive lead-throughs 4 which extend through the wall of the lamp envelope to the exterior.
  • the seal 2 of the envelope is secured in an opening of a metal clamping plate 5 by means of lugs on the clamping plate, not shown.
  • a cap 9 of synthetic material has a first cup-shaped housing portion 10 having a substantially circular cylindrical wall portion 11 which defines a lamp axis 12.
  • the portion 10 is closed by a wall 13, through which the lead-throughs 4 extend substantially parallel to the lamp axis.
  • the clamping plate 5 has a circular-cylindrical edge 6 which is joined telescopically by the first end 8 of a circular cylindrical sleeve 7 and is fixed thereto by welding. The sleeve 7 is secured within the first housing portion 10.
  • the sleeve may be secured by means of projecting lugs which extend through apertures in the wall 13 and are twisted to lock the sleeve 7 in the cap by other means, such as gluing, or heating the sleeve to a sufficient temperature such that it bonds with the synthetic material of the cap.
  • the clamping plate 5 and sleeve 7 comprise means for aligning and securing the lamp envelope to the lamp cap.
  • the cap 9 has a second housing portion 17 which extends normal to the first portion 10 and is closed at one end by wall 16.
  • Planar tongue-shaped contact terminals 20, 21 extending normal to lamp axis 12, are introduced into the wall 16 through slots in the wall and are secured therein by barbed hooks 22 and resilient tongues 23.
  • the space between the walls 13 and 16 is closed by a cover 30.
  • the closed space can be filled, for example, with a silicone rubber sealing material.
  • the lamp cap 9 is provided with a profiled collar 18, which ensures correct positioning of the lamp cap in its associated reflector, and with a groove 19 which receives an O-ring for providing a water-tight seal with the reflector.
  • the telescoping connection between the clamping ring 5 and sleeve 7 allows alignment of the filament 3 with respect to the lamp cap 9 to ensure optimum optical performance in a reflector.
  • the terminals 20, 21 of the lamp according to the invention have first and second clamping portions 24, 26 between which the ends of lead-throughs 4 are secured.
  • the terminal 20 shows the shape of the terminal prior to welding and clamping of the lead-throughs 4, while terminal 21 shows the terminal in the completed state of the connection. Prior to welding, the clamping portions are joined at an acute angle by elbow 25.
  • the end of the corresponding lead-through 4 is placed between the clamping portions.
  • the clamping portions are then squeezed together to clamp the lead-through therebetween at two opposing surfaces 4a, 4b of the lead-through.
  • the clamping force is evident by the indentation of the lead-through in the clamping portions.
  • the clamping portions are then welded to the respective lead-through, preferably by resistance welding to localize the heat generated and because resistance welding is readily automated.
  • the clamping portions 24, 26 may be squeezed by any convenient tool. However, squeezing the clamping portions by the welding electrodes E has been found to be more efficient.
  • the terminals may consist of, for example, brass.
  • the clamping portions facilitate reliable welding because it is not necessary for the welding electrodes to be aligned with and contact the lead-through.
  • the welding electrodes may be positioned less critically on the clamping portions adjacent the lead-through and sufficient welding current will still flow through the lead-through to obtain a satisfactory weld.
  • the terminals 20, 21 consist essentially of nickel-plated brass, nickel-plated cupro-nickel, tin-plated brass, or tin-plated cupro-nickel.
  • the plating 27 on the terminal has a melting point similar to or below that of the base metal 29 of the terminal.
  • Fillets 28 of the plating material extend between the lead-through 4 and the clamping portions 24, 26.
  • the clamping portions are pressed together on either side of the lead-through during clamping such that the metal plating of the facing surfaces of the clamping portions are in contact. If the welding electrodes "E" are offset laterally on either side of the lead-through (Fig. 2b), the clamping portions are heated sufficiently in the area adjacent the lead-through such that the metal plated surfaces coalesce, forming a welded joint between the metal plated surfaces in the region adjacent the lead-through. This further increases the strength of the connection between the lead-through and the terminal and reduces the criticality of welding electrode placement.
  • the terminals consisted of nickel-plated cupro-nickel having a thickness of 0.8 mm and a plating thickness of 0.8 ⁇ m to 1.7 ⁇ m.
  • Each of the clamping portions had a raised ridge having a height of approximately 0.3 mm according to the cross-section shown in Figure 2c.
  • the lead-throughs were molybdenum having a diameter of 0.6 mm.
  • the melting point of the nickel plating was approximately 1450°C and that of the cupro-nickel base material was approximately 1230°C.
  • the melting point of the molybdenum lead-through was approximately 2620°C.
  • the clamping portions may be provided on the open ends of pin-shaped electrodes, which are often rolled from a strip of metallic material.
  • the terminals may be provided in double-ended lamps having a lamp cap at each end, each with a single terminal as in tubular incandescent lamps, or each with two terminals as in tubular fluorescent lamps.

Landscapes

  • Common Detailed Techniques For Electron Tubes Or Discharge Tubes (AREA)
EP19910202699 1990-10-25 1991-10-17 Electric lamp Withdrawn EP0482707A3 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US60360090A 1990-10-25 1990-10-25
US603600 1990-10-25

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0482707A2 true EP0482707A2 (fr) 1992-04-29
EP0482707A3 EP0482707A3 (en) 1993-11-18

Family

ID=24416141

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19910202699 Withdrawn EP0482707A3 (en) 1990-10-25 1991-10-17 Electric lamp

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0482707A3 (fr)
JP (1) JPH04264351A (fr)
KR (1) KR920008831A (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2776464A1 (fr) * 1998-03-23 1999-09-24 Minilampe Sa Procede de fabrication d'une lampe et lampes obtenues par un tel procede

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0193997A1 (fr) * 1985-03-07 1986-09-10 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Lampe électrique à culot
EP0201129A1 (fr) * 1985-05-03 1986-11-12 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Méthode pour fabriquer une pièce de machine électrique
EP0314319A1 (fr) * 1987-10-09 1989-05-03 Hitachi, Ltd. Méthode pour joindre un fil métallique isolé avec un raccord conducteur
DE8800341U1 (de) * 1988-01-14 1989-06-01 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Stromschiene mit mindestens einem Anschlußstift
US4870227A (en) * 1987-01-09 1989-09-26 Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd. Spot-welding nickel-plated metal terminal
EP0410211A1 (fr) * 1989-07-28 1991-01-30 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé de fabrication d'une connexion électrique conductrice entre des fils de cuivre émaillés et des bornes

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0193997A1 (fr) * 1985-03-07 1986-09-10 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Lampe électrique à culot
EP0201129A1 (fr) * 1985-05-03 1986-11-12 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Méthode pour fabriquer une pièce de machine électrique
US4870227A (en) * 1987-01-09 1989-09-26 Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd. Spot-welding nickel-plated metal terminal
EP0314319A1 (fr) * 1987-10-09 1989-05-03 Hitachi, Ltd. Méthode pour joindre un fil métallique isolé avec un raccord conducteur
DE8800341U1 (de) * 1988-01-14 1989-06-01 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Stromschiene mit mindestens einem Anschlußstift
EP0410211A1 (fr) * 1989-07-28 1991-01-30 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé de fabrication d'une connexion électrique conductrice entre des fils de cuivre émaillés et des bornes

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2776464A1 (fr) * 1998-03-23 1999-09-24 Minilampe Sa Procede de fabrication d'une lampe et lampes obtenues par un tel procede

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH04264351A (ja) 1992-09-21
EP0482707A3 (en) 1993-11-18
KR920008831A (ko) 1992-05-28

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