EP0482437A2 - Self-initiating emergency shutdown device - Google Patents

Self-initiating emergency shutdown device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0482437A2
EP0482437A2 EP91117271A EP91117271A EP0482437A2 EP 0482437 A2 EP0482437 A2 EP 0482437A2 EP 91117271 A EP91117271 A EP 91117271A EP 91117271 A EP91117271 A EP 91117271A EP 0482437 A2 EP0482437 A2 EP 0482437A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
relay
emergency stop
stop device
contact
normally closed
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Granted
Application number
EP91117271A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0482437B1 (en
EP0482437A3 (en
Inventor
Karl Stipak
Peter Harsani
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Pilz GmbH and Co KG
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Pilz GmbH and Co KG
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Publication of EP0482437A2 publication Critical patent/EP0482437A2/en
Publication of EP0482437A3 publication Critical patent/EP0482437A3/en
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Publication of EP0482437B1 publication Critical patent/EP0482437B1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
    • H01H47/002—Monitoring or fail-safe circuits
    • H01H47/004—Monitoring or fail-safe circuits using plural redundant serial connected relay operated contacts in controlled circuit
    • H01H47/005—Safety control circuits therefor, e.g. chain of relays mutually monitoring each other

Definitions

  • the initialization circuit which is necessary in order to keep the relays in the two channels in a self-holding state, contains a series connection of normally closed contacts of the two relays located in the channels. Following this series connection, a current branch is provided, the one current path in series containing two normally closed contacts which belong to further relays. When you turn on the The supply circuit creates a current flow through the relay in the initialization circuit via these normally closed contacts, so that the relays in the two channels can pick up and hold.
  • the emergency stop device is thus active, without any special switches or buttons having to be actuated after the supply voltage has been switched on.
  • the other current path at the current branching point of the initialization circuit contains an arbitrarily operated normally open contact, also called an acknowledgment switch, as well as two make contacts of the two relays, which belong to the normally closed contacts in the other current path, in series.
  • the emergency stop switch As soon as the emergency stop switch is actuated and the channels are switched off when the emergency stop device is initialized, the other two control relays simultaneously go into latching mode, which are controlled for this purpose by corresponding switch contacts of the relays from the two channels.
  • the branch that serves to initialize the emergency stop device when the supply voltage is switched on is interrupted in the current branch of the initialization circuit.
  • the branch that contains the acknowledgment switch is prepared. After eliminating the fault, the emergency stop device can be reset by pressing the acknowledgment switch by switching on the relay of the initialization circuit in order to reactivate the two channels.
  • the well-known emergency stop device requires a total of five relays with a large number of normally open and normally closed contacts in order to master the internal control. Corresponding large is the required volume of the known device.
  • the use of the second initialization circuit makes it possible to save a relay, and the second initialization circuit does not need to be implemented in two channels in order to achieve the same level of security. A single channel is sufficient, because if the switching means of the second initialization circuit get stuck as a result of an error, it is no longer possible to activate the channels, neither by applying the supply voltage nor by actuating the acknowledgment or initialization switch. If, on the other hand, the second initialization circuit fails, the automatic initialization by switching on the power supply for the emergency stop device ceases immediately. This means that the emergency stop device always fails on the safe side or, depending on the fault, it can even be restarted using the acknowledgment button without impairing safety.
  • the arrangement becomes particularly secure when the supply voltages are the same for all parts of the emergency stop device.
  • a relay which contains two normally closed contacts and at least one normally open contact is preferably used as switching means for the second initialization circuit.
  • One normally closed contact of this relay is in series in each channel, while the normally open contact is connected between the supply voltage and a connection of the storage capacitor.
  • the normally closed contact and one of the working contacts can be combined to form a changeover contact.
  • the normally closed contacts of the relay for the second initialization circuit are advantageously immediately downstream of the switching device which is to be actuated arbitrarily.
  • Charging of the storage capacitor when the switch device is interrupted, which can be actuated arbitrarily, is prevented if the normally open contact in a channel is electrically connected behind this switch device and leads from there to the connection point between the acknowledgment switch and the normally closed contacts.
  • the switching device is closed and operated arbitrarily, the storage capacitor can be charged via the supply voltage if at the same time the relays in the two channels have also properly switched to the idle state and none of the contacts has got stuck. Otherwise, initialization is reliably prevented when the supply voltage is switched on and a possible error can be recognized in the same way as when the acknowledgment switch was actuated.
  • the second initialization circuit advantageously has a timing element directly at its input, because the supply voltage is sufficiently stable within sufficiently narrow limits that additional switching elements that regulate the supply voltage for the timing element are unnecessary.
  • the timing element is followed by a pulse shaper, which is advantageously formed from a single transistor, which is overdriven until saturation. A hysteresis is not necessary if there are no excessive voltage fluctuations on the supply voltage.
  • a relay which has an open collector output is expediently connected downstream of the pulse shaper stage.
  • the current consumption of the second initialization circuit can be minimized because no additional collector resistors are necessary.
  • the relay of the second initialization circuit assumes the same switching state after the initialization has ended as when the supply voltage is switched off.
  • the relay of the second initialization circuit may be moved again briefly in the direction of the suit, another timing element expediently sits between the pulse shaper stage and the inverter, which ensures that when the supply voltage is switched off, over a predetermined time the transistor of the inverter remains turned off, even if prematurely the transistor should turn off the pulse shaper stage.
  • the pulse emitted by the second initialization circuit begins shortly after the supply voltage is switched on, which means that the circuit is only initialized when the supply voltage has stabilized, if voltage dips from other devices can be expected immediately after switching on come from.
  • the pulse delivered only needs to be long enough to charge the storage capacitor of the first initialization circuit to a sufficiently high level. A maximum time of 300 msec has been found to be sufficient for this, so that after the pulse has elapsed, the emergency stop device can be switched on again by actuating and releasing the switching device which is to be actuated arbitrarily.
  • the figure shows the circuit of an emergency stop device 1, which serves to interrupt the power supply to machines or systems in dangerous situations.
  • the emergency stop device 1 contains two channels 2 and 3 and a first and a second initialization circuit 4 and 5.
  • the switching device 6 which can be actuated arbitrarily and has two normally closed contacts 7 and 8.
  • the switching device 6 which can be actuated arbitrarily is a manual button arranged in the danger area, which locks itself when actuated, or a door contact switch which automatically returns to the idle state and which responds when a protective or appliance door is opened, giving access to a danger area enables.
  • the normally closed contact 7 is connected to a line 8 with a positive supply voltage. From there, the normally closed contact 7 leads to a normally closed contact 9, which belongs to a relay 11 of the second initialization circuit 5.
  • the normally closed contact 9 is also connected to a normally open contact 12 of a relay 13 belonging to channel 2, the relay winding 14 of which lies between the normally open contact 12 and a ground line 15.
  • the supply voltage is between line 8 and line 15.
  • the channel 3 is constructed similarly to the channel 2, but the polarity is reversed insofar as the normally closed contact 8 of the switching device 6 is connected to the ground line 15.
  • the normally closed contact 8 leads from the ground line 15 to a normally closed contact 16, which in turn leads to the relay 11 heard and to which a normally open contact 17 of a relay 18 with a relay winding 19 is connected.
  • the relay winding 19 lies between the normally open contact 17 and the line 8.
  • the first initialization circuit 4 has a normally open contact 21, which is connected to the line 8 and, in the closed state, electrically connects the line 8 to two normally closed contacts 22 and 23.
  • the normally closed contact 22 is a contact of the relay 13
  • the normally closed contact 23 is a normally closed contact of the relay 18.
  • a relay winding 24 of a relay 25 which contains two normally open contacts 26 and 27.
  • the normally open contact 26 is parallel to the normally open contact 17 and the normally open contact 27 to the normally open contact 12.
  • a storage capacitor 28 is connected in parallel with the relay winding 24.
  • the second initialization circuit 5 which is connected in terms of power supply between lines 8 and 15, has an input 29 and an output 31, to which relay 11 is connected with its relay winding 32.
  • a resistor 33 leads to a parallel connection of a capacitor 34 and a resistor 35.
  • the resistor 33 forms, together with the capacitor 34, a timing element 36, which a Zener diode 37 is connected to the base of an NPN transistor 38.
  • the capacitor 34 is connected in parallel to the series circuit comprising the Zener diode 37 and the base-emitter path of the transistor 38, the emitter of which is connected to the circuit ground 15.
  • a collector load resistor 39 leads from the collector of the transistor 38 to the line 8 with the supply voltage which is positive with respect to the circuit ground.
  • collector load resistor 39 forms a further timing element 43, to which a second transistor 44 is connected via a Zener diode 45 connected to its base; its emitter is connected to the other end of the capacitor 42 and thus to the circuit ground 15.
  • the collector of the transistor 44 is connected as a collector output and forms the output 31 of the second initialization circuit 5, to which the relay winding 32 is connected at one end.
  • the other end of the relay winding 32 is connected to line 8, i.e. connected to the positive supply voltage.
  • capacitor 34 which is initially discharged via resistor 35, gradually begins to charge. Since at the beginning of the process the Voltage across the capacitor 34 is very much lower than the nominal voltage of the Zener diode 37, which is operated in the usual manner, no current can flow through the resistor 33 to the base of the transistor 38, which thus remains blocked.
  • the current flowing through the collector load 39 can charge the capacitor 42, which is also initially discharged through the resistor 41, the time constant from the resistor 39 and the capacitor 42 being comparatively small compared to the time constant from the resistor 33 and the capacitor 34
  • the timer 43 is approximately 50 msec, so that after approximately 50 msec a voltage is present at the capacitor 42 which is greater than the nominal voltage of the Zener diode 45 plus the forward voltage of the base-emitter path of the transistor 44.
  • the transistor 44 therefore switches through after 50 msec and relay 11 picks up. As a result, its two normally closed contacts 9 and 16 are opened and, at the same time, the normally open contact 45 belonging to the relay 11 is closed.
  • the closed normally open contact 45 electrically connects the normally closed contact 7 to the closed normally closed contact 22, or in other words, the contact path, consisting of the closed normally closed contact 7 and the closed normally open contact 45, is electrically parallel to the manually operated normally open contact 21, thus from the supply line 8 Current can flow through the normally closed contacts 22 and 23 to the relay winding 24 and the storage capacitor 28.
  • the storage capacitor 28 is charged and on the other hand the relay 25 is switched over, as a result of which its two normally open contacts 26 and 27 close.
  • the self-holding of the two relays 13 and 18 is prepared, which, however, is still lacking the supply from line 8 with current at this time, since the two normally closed contacts 9 and 16 have opened.
  • the capacitor 34 has been charged via the resistor 33 by the voltage on the line 8 to such an extent that its voltage is greater than the nominal voltage of the Zener diode 37 plus the forward voltage at the base-emitter diode of the Transistor 38.
  • the transistor 38 thereby becomes conductive and its collector-emitter voltage decreases to values which are below one volt.
  • the capacitor 42 is discharged again within a short time and the voltage on the capacitor 42 decreases to values which are lower than the nominal voltage of the Zener diode 45 and the forward voltage at the base-emitter path of the transistor 44, which means the transistor 44 locks.
  • the relay 11 is switched off, which immediately returns to the position shown in the figure.
  • the relay 25 drops out since it also no longer receives any current from the supply line 8. Open the two make contacts 26 and 27. Nevertheless, the relays 13 and 18 in the channels 2 and 3 remain energized, since they are self-latching via their own working contacts 12 and 17. When the relays 13 and 18 are energized, their work contacts 46 and 47, which are located in a work circuit 48 of a machine or system to be monitored, which is not illustrated, also close. To further increase safety, there is also a set of normally closed contacts 49 in the working circuit 48 which belong to the relay 25.
  • the machine monitored by the emergency stop device 1 is thus energized.
  • the second initialization circuit 5 is not affected and makes no contribution to switching on the current in channels 2 and 3 again, since the second initialization circuit 5 has the characteristic of a non-retriggerable monoflop and until the supply voltage is switched on again in the state after Decay of the output pulse remains.
  • the switching device 6 or the closer 21 is actuated, the transistor 38 remains on and the transistor 44 is switched off.
  • the second initialization circuit 5 Only when the supply voltage on line 8 disappears, the second initialization circuit 5 is reset to the initial state and can output a pulse of approximately 250 msec at its output 31, which leads to the relay 25 being supplied with current via the normally open contact 45 is supplied. Simultaneously with the switching on of the power supply for the relay 25, any current for the relay windings 14 and 19 is forcibly prevented via the normally closed contacts 9 and 16. A current can flow through the relay windings 14 and 19 only when the pulse that the second initialization circuit 5 supplies at its output 31 has decayed.

Abstract

For the purpose of initialising the channels (2, 3) after a disconnection process, a two-channel emergency shutdown device (1) is provided with a first initialisation circuit (4) which is activated with the aid of a manual key (21), which can be operated arbitrarily. In order that the emergency shutdown device (1) is brought to the switched-on state automatically, even after the supply voltage has been restored, there is a second initialisation circuit (5), which operates as a function of the restoration of the voltage and otherwise has no effect. <IMAGE>

Description

Bei einem aus der Praxis bekannten gattungsgemäßen Not-Aus-Gerät enthält die Initialisierungsschaltung, die notwendig ist, um die Relais in den beiden Kanälen in Selbsthaltung zu bringen, eine Serienschaltung von Ruhekontakten der beiden in den Kanälen befindlichen Relais. Im Anschluß an diese Serienschaltung ist eine Stromverzweigung vorgesehen, wobei der eine Strompfad in Serie hintereinander zwei Ruhekontakte enthält, die zu weiteren Relais gehören. Beim Einschalten der Versorgungsschaltung entsteht über diese Ruhekontakte ein Stromfluß durch das Relais in der Initialisierungsschaltung, so daß die Relais in den beiden Kanälen anziehen und in Selbsthaltung gehen können. Das Not-Aus-Gerät ist damit aktiv, und zwar ohne daß nach dem Einschalten der Versorgungsspannung irgendwelche besonderen Schalter oder Taster betätigt werden müssen.In a generic emergency stop device known from practice, the initialization circuit, which is necessary in order to keep the relays in the two channels in a self-holding state, contains a series connection of normally closed contacts of the two relays located in the channels. Following this series connection, a current branch is provided, the one current path in series containing two normally closed contacts which belong to further relays. When you turn on the The supply circuit creates a current flow through the relay in the initialization circuit via these normally closed contacts, so that the relays in the two channels can pick up and hold. The emergency stop device is thus active, without any special switches or buttons having to be actuated after the supply voltage has been switched on.

Der andere Strompfad an der Stromverzweigungsstelle der Initialisierungsschaltung enthält in Serie einen willkürlich zu betätigenden Schließer, auch Quittierungsschalter genannt, sowie in Serie damit zwei Arbeitskontakte der beiden Relais, die zu den Ruhekontakten in dem anderen Strompfad gehören.The other current path at the current branching point of the initialization circuit contains an arbitrarily operated normally open contact, also called an acknowledgment switch, as well as two make contacts of the two relays, which belong to the normally closed contacts in the other current path, in series.

Sobald bei initialisiertem Not-Aus-Gerät der Not-Aus-Schalter betätigt wird und die Kanäle abschalten, gehen gleichzeitig die anderen beiden Steuerrelais in Selbsthaltung über, die zu diesem Zweck über entsprechende Schalterkontakte der Relais aus den beiden Kanälen gesteuert sind. Hierdurch wird in der Stromverzweigung der Initialisierungsschaltung jener Zweig unterbrochen, der zum Initialisieren des Not-Aus-Gerätes beim Einschalten der Versorgungsspannung dient. Gleichzeitig wird jener Zweig vorbereitet, der den Quittierungsschalter enthält. Nach Beseitigen der Störung kann durch Betätigen des Quittierungsschalters das Not-Aus-Gerät zurückgesetzt werden, indem das Relais der Initialisierungsschaltung eingeschaltet wird, um die beiden Kanäle wieder zu aktivieren.As soon as the emergency stop switch is actuated and the channels are switched off when the emergency stop device is initialized, the other two control relays simultaneously go into latching mode, which are controlled for this purpose by corresponding switch contacts of the relays from the two channels. As a result, the branch that serves to initialize the emergency stop device when the supply voltage is switched on is interrupted in the current branch of the initialization circuit. At the same time, the branch that contains the acknowledgment switch is prepared. After eliminating the fault, the emergency stop device can be reset by pressing the acknowledgment switch by switching on the relay of the initialization circuit in order to reactivate the two channels.

Das bekannte Not-Aus-Gerät benötigt insgesamt fünf Relais mit einer großen Anzahl von Arbeits- und Ruhekontakten, um die intere Steuerung zu bewältigen. Entsprechend groß ist das erforderliche Bauvolumen des bekannten Gerätes.The well-known emergency stop device requires a total of five relays with a large number of normally open and normally closed contacts in order to master the internal control. Corresponding large is the required volume of the known device.

Ausgehend hiervon ist es Aufgabe der Erfindung, ein Not-Aus-Gerät zu schaffen, das bei gleicher Sicherheit gegenüber Fehlern eine geringere Anzahl von Relais benötigt.Based on this, it is an object of the invention to provide an emergency stop device which, with the same security against errors, requires a smaller number of relays.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch das Not-Aus-Gerät mit den Merkmalen des Anspruches 1 gelöst.This object is achieved by the emergency stop device with the features of claim 1.

Die Verwendung der zweiten Initialisierungsschaltung ermöglicht das Einsparen eines Relais, und die zweite Initialisierungsschaltung braucht, um dieselbe Sicherheit zu erreichen, nicht zweikanalig ausgeführt zu werden. Es genügt ein einziger Kanal, denn, sollten die Schaltmittel der zweiten Initialisierungsschaltung infolge eines Fehlers hängen bleiben, ist es nicht mehr möglich, die Kanäle zu aktivieren, und zwar weder durch Anlegen der Versorgungsspannung noch durch Betätigen des Quittierungs- oder Initialisierungsschalters. Sollte dagegen die zweite Initialisierungsschaltung versagen, fällt sofort die automatische Initialiesierung durch das Einschalten der Stromversorgung für das Not-Aus-Gerät weg. Damit fällt das Not-Aus-Gerät in jedem Falle zur sicheren Seite aus bzw. es kann je nach Fehler sogar noch über die Quittierungstaste wieder in Gang gesetzt werden, ohne daß die Sicherheit beeinträchtigt wird.The use of the second initialization circuit makes it possible to save a relay, and the second initialization circuit does not need to be implemented in two channels in order to achieve the same level of security. A single channel is sufficient, because if the switching means of the second initialization circuit get stuck as a result of an error, it is no longer possible to activate the channels, neither by applying the supply voltage nor by actuating the acknowledgment or initialization switch. If, on the other hand, the second initialization circuit fails, the automatic initialization by switching on the power supply for the emergency stop device ceases immediately. This means that the emergency stop device always fails on the safe side or, depending on the fault, it can even be restarted using the acknowledgment button without impairing safety.

Besonders sicher wird die Anordnung dann, wenn die Versorgungsspannungen für alle Teile des Not-Aus-Gerätes dieselben sind.The arrangement becomes particularly secure when the supply voltages are the same for all parts of the emergency stop device.

Als Schaltmittel für die zweite Initialisierungsschaltung wird bevorzugt ein Relais verwendet, das zwei Ruhekontakte und wenigstens einen Arbeitskontakt enthält. Je ein Ruhekontakt dieses Relais liegt in Serie eines jeden Kanals, während der Arbeitskontakt zwischen die Versorgungsspannung und einen Anschluß des Speicherkondensators geschaltet ist.A relay which contains two normally closed contacts and at least one normally open contact is preferably used as switching means for the second initialization circuit. One normally closed contact of this relay is in series in each channel, while the normally open contact is connected between the supply voltage and a connection of the storage capacitor.

Zur Vereinfachung des Relais kann der Ruhekontakt und einer der Arbeitskontakte zu einem Umschaltkontakt zusammengefaßt sein.To simplify the relay, the normally closed contact and one of the working contacts can be combined to form a changeover contact.

Die Ruhekontakte des Relais für die zweite Initialisierungsschaltung sind vorteilhafterweise der willkürlich zu betätigenden Schalteinrichtung unmittelbar nachgeschaltet.The normally closed contacts of the relay for the second initialization circuit are advantageously immediately downstream of the switching device which is to be actuated arbitrarily.

Ein Aufladen des Speicherkondensators bei unterbrochener, willkürlich zu betätigender Schalteinrichtung wird verhindert, wenn der Arbeitskontakt in einem Kanal elektrisch gesehen hinter dieser Schalteinrichtung angeschlossen ist und von dort zu der Verbindungsstelle zwischen dem Quittierungsschalter und dem in Reihe liegenden Ruhekontakten führt. Dabei kann bei geschlossener, willkürlich zu betätigender Schalteinrichtung der Speicherkondensator über die Versorgungsspannung aufgeladen werden, wenn gleichzeitig auch die Relais in den beiden Kanälen ordnungsgemäß in den Ruhezustand übergegangen sind und keiner der Kontakte hängen geblieben ist. Sonst wird eine Initialisierung mit dem Einschalten der Versorgungsspannung sicher verhindert und es kann ein eventueller Fehler in derselben Weise erkannt werden wie beim Betätigen des Quittierungsschalters.Charging of the storage capacitor when the switch device is interrupted, which can be actuated arbitrarily, is prevented if the normally open contact in a channel is electrically connected behind this switch device and leads from there to the connection point between the acknowledgment switch and the normally closed contacts. When the switching device is closed and operated arbitrarily, the storage capacitor can be charged via the supply voltage if at the same time the relays in the two channels have also properly switched to the idle state and none of the contacts has got stuck. Otherwise, initialization is reliably prevented when the supply voltage is switched on and a possible error can be recognized in the same way as when the acknowledgment switch was actuated.

Die zweite Initialisierungsschaltung hat vorteilhafterweise unmittelbar an ihrem Eingang ein Zeitglied, denn die Versorgungsspannung ist in hinreichend engen Grenzen genügend stabil, so daß zusätzlich Schaltglieder, die die Versorgungsspannung für das Zeitglied regeln, entbehrlich sind.The second initialization circuit advantageously has a timing element directly at its input, because the supply voltage is sufficiently stable within sufficiently narrow limits that additional switching elements that regulate the supply voltage for the timing element are unnecessary.

Um definierte Schaltzeiten zu bekommen, ist dem Zeitglied ein Impulsformer nachgeschaltet, der vorteilhafterweise aus einem einzigen Transistor gebildet ist, der bis zur Sättigung übersteuert wird. Eine Hysterese ist, wenn keine allzu großen Spannungsschwankungen auf der Versorgungsspannung auftreten, nicht erforderlich.In order to obtain defined switching times, the timing element is followed by a pulse shaper, which is advantageously formed from a single transistor, which is overdriven until saturation. A hysteresis is not necessary if there are no excessive voltage fluctuations on the supply voltage.

Wenn für die zweite Initialisierungsschaltung ein Relais verwendet wird, ist zweckmäßigerweise der Impulsformerstufe ein Inverter nachgeschaltet, der einen Open-Kollektor-Ausgang aufweist. Die Stromaufnahme der zweiten Initialisierungsschaltung kann dadurch minimiert werden, weil keine zusätzlichen Kollektorarbeitswiderstände notwendig sind. Andererseits wird dadurch erreicht, daß das Relais der zweiten Initialisierungsschaltung nach dem Ablauf der Initialisierung denselben Schaltzustand einnimmt wie bei abgeschalteter Versorgungsspannung.If a relay is used for the second initialization circuit, an inverter which has an open collector output is expediently connected downstream of the pulse shaper stage. The current consumption of the second initialization circuit can be minimized because no additional collector resistors are necessary. On the other hand, it is achieved that the relay of the second initialization circuit assumes the same switching state after the initialization has ended as when the supply voltage is switched off.

Um beim Abschalten der Versorgungsspannung zu verhindern, daß wegen der unterschiedlichen Schaltschwellen möglicherweise das Relais der zweiten Initialisierungsschaltung noch einmal kurz in Richtung Anzug bewegt wird, sitzt zweckmäßigerweise zwischen der Impulsformerstufe und dem Inverter ein weiteres Zeitglied, das dafür sorgt, daß beim Abschalten der Versorgungsspannung über eine vorbestimmte Zeit der Transistor des Inverters abgeschaltet bleibt, selbst dann, wenn vorzeitig der Transistor die Impulsformerstufe abschalten sollte.To prevent when switching off the supply voltage that due to the different switching thresholds, the relay of the second initialization circuit may be moved again briefly in the direction of the suit, another timing element expediently sits between the pulse shaper stage and the inverter, which ensures that when the supply voltage is switched off, over a predetermined time the transistor of the inverter remains turned off, even if prematurely the transistor should turn off the pulse shaper stage.

Der von der zweiten Initialisierungschaltung abgegebene Impuls beginnt kurz nach dem Einschalten der Versorgungsspannung, wodurch erreicht wird, daß die Schaltung erst dann initialisiert wird, wenn sich die Versorgungsspannung stabilisiert hat, falls unmittelbar nach dem Einschalten noch mit Spannungseinbrüchen zu rechnen ist, die von anderen Geräten herrühren. Andererseits braucht der abgegebene Impuls nur so lang zu sein, daß der Speicherkondensator der ersten Initialisierungsschaltung auf einen genügend hohen Wert aufgeladen wird. Eine Zeit von maximal 300 msec hat sich hierfür als ausreichend herausgestellt, so daß nach Ablauf des Impulses das Not-Aus-Gerät durch Betätigen und Loslassen derwillkürlich zu betätigenden Schalteinrichtung wieder eingeschaltet werden kann.The pulse emitted by the second initialization circuit begins shortly after the supply voltage is switched on, which means that the circuit is only initialized when the supply voltage has stabilized, if voltage dips from other devices can be expected immediately after switching on come from. On the other hand, the pulse delivered only needs to be long enough to charge the storage capacitor of the first initialization circuit to a sufficiently high level. A maximum time of 300 msec has been found to be sufficient for this, so that after the pulse has elapsed, the emergency stop device can be switched on again by actuating and releasing the switching device which is to be actuated arbitrarily.

In der einzigen Figur der Zeichnung ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Not-Aus-Gerätes gezeigt.In the single figure of the drawing, an embodiment of the emergency stop device according to the invention is shown.

In der Figur ist die Schaltung eines Not-Aus-Gerätes 1 veranschaulicht, das dazu dient, in Gefahrensituationen die Stromversorgung zu Maschinen oder Anlagen zu unterbrechen. Das Not-Aus-Gerät 1 enthält zwei Kanäle 2 und 3 sowie eine erste und eine zweite Initialisierungsschaltung 4 und 5.The figure shows the circuit of an emergency stop device 1, which serves to interrupt the power supply to machines or systems in dangerous situations. The emergency stop device 1 contains two channels 2 and 3 and a first and a second initialization circuit 4 and 5.

Um in einer Gefahrensituation die überwachte Maschine oder Anlage stillzusetzen, ist wenigstens eine willkürlich zu betätigende Schalteinrichtung 6 mit zwei Ruhekontakten 7 und 8 vorhanden. Die willkürlich zu betätigende Schalteinrichtung 6 ist je nach Anwendungsfall ein im Gefahrenbereich angeordneter Handtaster, der sich im betätigten Zustand selbst verriegelt, oder ein automatisch in den Ruhezustand zurückkehrender Türkontaktschalter, der anspricht, wenn eine Schutz- oder Gerätetür geöffnet wird, die Zugang zu einem Gefahrenbereich ermöglicht.In order to shut down the monitored machine or system in a dangerous situation, there is at least one switching device 6 which can be actuated arbitrarily and has two normally closed contacts 7 and 8. Depending on the application, the switching device 6 which can be actuated arbitrarily is a manual button arranged in the danger area, which locks itself when actuated, or a door contact switch which automatically returns to the idle state and which responds when a protective or appliance door is opened, giving access to a danger area enables.

Im einzelnen ist der Ruhekontakt 7 an eine Leitung 8 mit positiver Versorgungsspannung angeschlossen. Von dort führt der Ruhekontakt 7 zu einem Ruhekontakt 9, der zu einem Relais 11 der zweiten Initialisierungsschaltung 5 gehört. Der Ruhekontakt 9 ist weiter mit einem Arbeitskontakt 12 eines zu dem Kanal 2 gehörigen Relais 13 verbunden, dessen Relaiswicklung 14 zwischen dem Arbeitskontakt 12 und einer Masseleitung 15 liegt. Die Versorgungsspannung liegt zwischen der Leitung 8 und der Leitung 15 . Der Kanal 3 ist ähnlich aufgebaut wie der Kanal 2, jedoch ist die Polarität umgekehrt insofern, als der Ruhekontakt 8 der Schalteinrichtung 6 mit der Masseleitung 15 verbunden ist. Der Ruhekontakt 8 führt von der Masseleitung 15 zu einem Ruhekontakt 16, der wiederum zu dem Relais 11 gehört und an dem ein Arbeitskontakt 17 eines Relais 18 mit einer Relaiswicklung 19 angeschlossen ist. Die Relaiswicklung 19 liegt zwischen dem Arbeitskontakt 17 und der Leitung 8.In detail, the normally closed contact 7 is connected to a line 8 with a positive supply voltage. From there, the normally closed contact 7 leads to a normally closed contact 9, which belongs to a relay 11 of the second initialization circuit 5. The normally closed contact 9 is also connected to a normally open contact 12 of a relay 13 belonging to channel 2, the relay winding 14 of which lies between the normally open contact 12 and a ground line 15. The supply voltage is between line 8 and line 15. The channel 3 is constructed similarly to the channel 2, but the polarity is reversed insofar as the normally closed contact 8 of the switching device 6 is connected to the ground line 15. The normally closed contact 8 leads from the ground line 15 to a normally closed contact 16, which in turn leads to the relay 11 heard and to which a normally open contact 17 of a relay 18 with a relay winding 19 is connected. The relay winding 19 lies between the normally open contact 17 and the line 8.

Die erste Initialisierungsschaltung 4 weist einen an die Leitung 8 angeschlossenen, von Hand zu betätigenden Schließer 21 auf, der in geschlossenem Zustand die Leitung 8 elektrisch mit zwei in Serie liegenden Ruhekontakten 22 und 23 verbindet. Der Ruhekontakt 22 ist ein Kontakt des Relais 13, während der Ruhekontakt 23 ein Ruhekontakt des Relais 18 ist. Zwischen dem Ruhekontakt 23 und der Masse 15 liegt schließlich eine Relaiswicklung 24 eines Relais 25, das zwei Arbeitskontakte 26 und 27 enthält. Der Arbeitskontakt 26 liegt zu dem Arbeitskontakt 17 und der Arbeitskontakt 27 zu dem Arbeitskontakt 12 parallel.The first initialization circuit 4 has a normally open contact 21, which is connected to the line 8 and, in the closed state, electrically connects the line 8 to two normally closed contacts 22 and 23. The normally closed contact 22 is a contact of the relay 13, while the normally closed contact 23 is a normally closed contact of the relay 18. Finally, between the normally closed contact 23 and the ground 15 there is a relay winding 24 of a relay 25 which contains two normally open contacts 26 and 27. The normally open contact 26 is parallel to the normally open contact 17 and the normally open contact 27 to the normally open contact 12.

Damit das Relais 25 nach dem Einschalten des Stroms durch die Relaiswicklung 24 eine bestimmte Zeit angezogen bleibt, liegt zu der Relaiswicklung 24 ein Speicherkondensator 28 parallel.So that the relay 25 remains energized for a certain time after the current through the relay winding 24, a storage capacitor 28 is connected in parallel with the relay winding 24.

Die zweite Initialisierungsschaltung 5, die stromversorgungsmäßig zwischen die Leitungen 8 und 15 geschaltet ist, weist einen Eingang 29 sowie einen Ausgang 31 auf, an den das Relais 11 mit seiner Relaiswicklung 32 angeschaltet ist.The second initialization circuit 5, which is connected in terms of power supply between lines 8 and 15, has an input 29 and an output 31, to which relay 11 is connected with its relay winding 32.

Von dem Eingang 29 führt ein Widerstand 33 zu einer Parallelschaltung aus einem Kondensator 34 und einem Widerstand 35. Der Widerstand 33 bildet zusammen mit dem Kondensator 34 ein Zeitglied 36, das über eine Z-Diode 37 an der Basis eines NPN-Transistors 38 angeschlossen ist. Mit anderen Worten, der Kondensator 34 liegt parallel zu der Serienschaltung aus der Z-Diode 37 und der Basis-Emitter-Strecke des Transistors 38, dessen Emitter an der Schaltungsmasse 15 liegt. Von dem Kollektor des Transistors 38 führt ein Kollektorarbeitswiderstand 39 zu der Leitung 8 mit der gegenüber der Schaltungsmasse positiven Versorgungsspannung.From the input 29, a resistor 33 leads to a parallel connection of a capacitor 34 and a resistor 35. The resistor 33 forms, together with the capacitor 34, a timing element 36, which a Zener diode 37 is connected to the base of an NPN transistor 38. In other words, the capacitor 34 is connected in parallel to the series circuit comprising the Zener diode 37 and the base-emitter path of the transistor 38, the emitter of which is connected to the circuit ground 15. A collector load resistor 39 leads from the collector of the transistor 38 to the line 8 with the supply voltage which is positive with respect to the circuit ground.

Außerdem liegt parallel zu der Kollektor-Emitter-Strecke des Transistors 38 die Parallelschaltung aus einem Widerstand 41 sowie einem Kondensator 42. Der Kollektorarbeitswiderstand 39 bildet zusammen mit dem Kondensator 42 ein weiteres Zeitglied 43, an das ein zweiter Transistor 44 über eine Z-Diode 45 mit seiner Basis angeschlossen ist; sein Emitter ist mit dem anderen Ende des Kondensators 42 und somit mit der Schaltungsmasse 15 verbunden. Der Kollektor des Transistors 44 ist als Kollektorausgang geschaltet und bildet den Ausgang 31 der zweiten Initialisierungsschaltung 5, an den die Relaiswicklung 32 einends angeschlossen ist. Das andere Ende der Relaiswicklung 32 ist mit der Leitung 8, d.h. mit der positiven Versorgungsspannung, verbunden.In addition, parallel to the collector-emitter path of transistor 38 is the parallel circuit comprising a resistor 41 and a capacitor 42. Together with capacitor 42, collector load resistor 39 forms a further timing element 43, to which a second transistor 44 is connected via a Zener diode 45 connected to its base; its emitter is connected to the other end of the capacitor 42 and thus to the circuit ground 15. The collector of the transistor 44 is connected as a collector output and forms the output 31 of the second initialization circuit 5, to which the relay winding 32 is connected at one end. The other end of the relay winding 32 is connected to line 8, i.e. connected to the positive supply voltage.

Schließlich liegt ein Arbeitskontakt 45 des Relais 11 zwischen der Verbindung der Ruhekontakte 9 und 7 in dem Kanal 2 einerseits und der Verbindung des Schließers 21 mit dem Ruhekontakt 22 andererseits.Finally, there is a normally open contact 45 of the relay 11 between the connection of the normally closed contacts 9 and 7 in the channel 2 on the one hand and the connection of the NO contact 21 with the normally closed contact 22 on the other.

Die insoweit beschriebene Schaltung arbeitet wie folgt, wobei zunächst ein fehlerfreier Betrieb angenommen wird:The circuit described so far works as follows, initially assuming error-free operation:

Sobald die Versorgungsspannung zwischen den Leitungen 8 und 15 eingeschaltet wird, beginnt sich der zunächst über den Widerstand 35 entladene Kondensator 34 allmählich aufzuladen. Da zu Beginn des Vorgangs die Spannung an dem Kondensator 34 sehr viel kleiner ist als die Nennspannung der Z-Diode 37, die in der üblichen Weise betrieben wird, kann über den Widerstand 33 kein Strom zu der Basis des Transistors 38 fließen, der somit gesperrt bleibt. Deswegen kann der über den Kollektorarbeitswiderstand 39 fließende Strom den zunächst ebenfalls über den Widerstand 41 entladenen Kondensator 42 aufladen, wobei die Zeitkonstante aus dem Widerstand 39 und dem Kondensator 42 vergleichsweise klein ist gegenüber der Zeitkonstante aus dem Widerstand 33 und dem Kondensator 34. Die Zeitkonstante des Zeitgliedes 43 liegt bei ca. 50 msec, so daß nach etwa 50 msec an dem Kondensator 42 eine Spannung ansteht, die größer ist als die Nennspannung der Z-Diode 45 zuzüglich der Durchlaßspannung der Basis-Emitter-Strecke des Transistors 44. Der Transistor 44 schaltet nach 50 msec deswegen durch und das Relais 11 zieht an. Hierdurch werden seine beiden Ruhekontakte 9 und 16 geöffnet und gleichzeitig der zu dem Relais 11 gehörender Arbeitskontakt 45 geschlossen. Der geschlossene Arbeitskontakt 45 verbindet den Ruhekontakt 7 elektrisch mit dem geschlossenen Ruhekontakt 22, oder mit anderen Worten, die Kontaktstrecke, bestehend aus dem geschlossenen Ruhekontakt 7 und dem geschlossenen Arbeitskontakt 45, liegt elektrisch parallel zu dem handbetätigten Schließer 21, damit von der Versorgungsleitung 8 ein Strom über die Ruhekontakte 22 und 23 zu der Relaiswicklung 24 und dem Speicherkondensator 28 fließen kann. Dadurch wird einerseits der Speicherkondensator 28 aufgeladen und andererseits wird das Relais 25 umgeschaltet, wodurch seine beiden Arbeitskontakte 26 und 27 schließen. Hierdurch wird die Selbsthaltung der beiden Relais 13 und 18 vorbereitet, denen allerdings zu diesem Zeitpunkt noch die Versorgung aus der Leitung 8 mit Strom fehlt, da die beiden Ruhekontakte 9 und 16 geöffnet haben.As soon as the supply voltage between lines 8 and 15 is switched on, capacitor 34, which is initially discharged via resistor 35, gradually begins to charge. Since at the beginning of the process the Voltage across the capacitor 34 is very much lower than the nominal voltage of the Zener diode 37, which is operated in the usual manner, no current can flow through the resistor 33 to the base of the transistor 38, which thus remains blocked. Therefore, the current flowing through the collector load 39 can charge the capacitor 42, which is also initially discharged through the resistor 41, the time constant from the resistor 39 and the capacitor 42 being comparatively small compared to the time constant from the resistor 33 and the capacitor 34 The timer 43 is approximately 50 msec, so that after approximately 50 msec a voltage is present at the capacitor 42 which is greater than the nominal voltage of the Zener diode 45 plus the forward voltage of the base-emitter path of the transistor 44. The transistor 44 therefore switches through after 50 msec and relay 11 picks up. As a result, its two normally closed contacts 9 and 16 are opened and, at the same time, the normally open contact 45 belonging to the relay 11 is closed. The closed normally open contact 45 electrically connects the normally closed contact 7 to the closed normally closed contact 22, or in other words, the contact path, consisting of the closed normally closed contact 7 and the closed normally open contact 45, is electrically parallel to the manually operated normally open contact 21, thus from the supply line 8 Current can flow through the normally closed contacts 22 and 23 to the relay winding 24 and the storage capacitor 28. As a result, on the one hand the storage capacitor 28 is charged and on the other hand the relay 25 is switched over, as a result of which its two normally open contacts 26 and 27 close. As a result, the self-holding of the two relays 13 and 18 is prepared, which, however, is still lacking the supply from line 8 with current at this time, since the two normally closed contacts 9 and 16 have opened.

Nach etwa 300 msec ist der Kondensator 34 über den Widerstand 33 von der Spannung auf der Leitung 8 so weit aufgeladen worden, daß seine Spannung größer ist als die Nennspannung der Z-Diode 37 zuzüglich der Durchlaß-Spannung an der Basis-Emitter-Diode des Transistors 38. Der Transistor 38 wird dadurch leitend und seine Kollektor-Emitter-Spannung vermindert sich auf Werte, die unter einem Volt liegen. Infolgedessen wird innerhalb kurzer Zeit der Kondensator 42 wieder entladen und die Spannung an dem Kondensator 42 vermindert sich auf Werte, die kleiner sind als die Nennspannung der Z-Diode 45 und der Durchlaßspannung an der Basis-Emitter-Strecke des Transistors 44, womit der Transistor 44 sperrt. Damit wird das Relais 11 abgeschaltet, das umgehend in die in die Figur gezeichnete Stellung zurückkehrt. In dieser Stellung wird das Laden des Kondensators 28 über den Arbeitskontakt 45 unterbrochen, andererseits bleibt aber das Relais 25 noch angezogen, weil seine Relaiswicklung 24 noch aus dem Kondensator 28 mit Strom versorgt wird. Die beiden Arbeitskontakte 26 und 27 bleiben dementsprechend auch in der Arbeitsstellung und es kann nun in beiden Kanälen 2 und 3 von der Leitung 8 über die Ruhekontakte 7 und 9, den geschlossenen Arbeitskontakt 27 und die Relaiswicklung 14 ein Strom zu der Schaltungsmasse 15 fließen. Das Relais 13 zieht an und schließt seinen Arbeitskontakt 12. Sinngemäß das gleiche geschieht in dem Kanal 3: hier fließt der Strom von der Leitung 8 über die Relaiswicklung 19, den geschlossenen Arbeitskontakt 26, den geschlossenen Ruhekontakt 16 sowie den geschlossenen Ruhekontakt 8 zu der Schaltungsmasse 15; damit zieht auch das Relais 18 an und schließt den Arbeitskontakt 17. Gleichzeitig öffnen die beiden Ruhekontakte 22 und 23, so daß bei eingeschalteten Kanälen 2 und 3 in jedem Falle zwangsweise ein Strom durch die erste Initialisierungsschaltung 4 unterbrochen werden, selbst dann, wenn der handbetätigte Schließer 21 betätigt wird.After about 300 msec, the capacitor 34 has been charged via the resistor 33 by the voltage on the line 8 to such an extent that its voltage is greater than the nominal voltage of the Zener diode 37 plus the forward voltage at the base-emitter diode of the Transistor 38. The transistor 38 thereby becomes conductive and its collector-emitter voltage decreases to values which are below one volt. As a result, the capacitor 42 is discharged again within a short time and the voltage on the capacitor 42 decreases to values which are lower than the nominal voltage of the Zener diode 45 and the forward voltage at the base-emitter path of the transistor 44, which means the transistor 44 locks. Thus, the relay 11 is switched off, which immediately returns to the position shown in the figure. In this position, the charging of the capacitor 28 via the make contact 45 is interrupted, but on the other hand the relay 25 remains energized because its relay winding 24 is still supplied with current from the capacitor 28. Accordingly, the two make contacts 26 and 27 remain in the working position, and current can flow to the circuit ground 15 in both channels 2 and 3 from the line 8 via the normally closed contacts 7 and 9, the closed make contact 27 and the relay winding 14. The relay 13 picks up and closes its normally open contact 12. The same happens analogously in channel 3: here the current flows from line 8 via relay winding 19, closed normally open contact 26, closed normally closed contact 16 and closed normally closed contact 8 to the circuit ground 15; thus the relay 18 picks up and closes the normally open contact 17. At the same time, the two normally closed contacts 22 and 23 open, so that when channels 2 and 3 are switched on, a current through the first initialization circuit 4 is inevitably interrupted, even if the manually operated closer 21 is operated.

Nach einer der Kapazität des Kondensators 28 entsprechenden Zeit fällt das Relais 25 ab, da es im übrigen auch keinen Strom mehr von der Versorgungsleitung 8 erhält. Die beiden Arbeitskontakte 26 und 27 öffnen. Gleichwohl bleiben die Relais 13 und 18 in den Kanälen 2 und 3 angezogen, da sie über ihre eigenen Arbeitskontakte 12 und 17 in Selbsthaltung sind. Mit dem Anziehen der Relais 13 und 18 schließen auch ihre Arbeitskontakte 46 und 47, die in einem Arbeitsstromkreis 48 einer nicht veranschaulichten zu überwachenden Maschine oder Anlage liegen. Zur weiteren Erhöhung der Sicherheit befindet sich in dem Arbeitsstromkreis 48 auch noch ein Satz von Ruhekontakten 49, die zu dem Relais 25 gehören.After a time corresponding to the capacitance of the capacitor 28, the relay 25 drops out since it also no longer receives any current from the supply line 8. Open the two make contacts 26 and 27. Nevertheless, the relays 13 and 18 in the channels 2 and 3 remain energized, since they are self-latching via their own working contacts 12 and 17. When the relays 13 and 18 are energized, their work contacts 46 and 47, which are located in a work circuit 48 of a machine or system to be monitored, which is not illustrated, also close. To further increase safety, there is also a set of normally closed contacts 49 in the working circuit 48 which belong to the relay 25.

Die von dem Not-Aus-Gerät 1 überwachte Maschine ist somit unter Strom gesetzt.The machine monitored by the emergency stop device 1 is thus energized.

Tritt eine Gefahrensituation auf, beispielsweise indem eine Schutztür geöffnet wird, so wird hierdurch die Schalteinrichtung 6 betätigt, d.h. beide Ruhekontakte 7 und 8 werden geöffnet. Dies unterbricht den Strom in den beiden Kanälen 2 und 3 und die zugehörigen Relais 13 und 18 fallen ab. Nach dem Beseitigen der Gefahrensituation können die Relais 13 und 18 durch Schließen der Ruhekontakte 7 und 8 nicht wieder zum Anziehen gebracht werden, weil sowohl die Arbeitskontakte 26 und 27 des Relais 25 als auch ihre eigenen Arbeitskontakte 12 und 17 geöffnet sind. Um das Not-Aus-Gerät 1 wieder zu initialisieren, damit die Kontakte 46, 47, 49 in dem Arbeitsstromkreis 48 geschlossen werden, muß der Schließer 21 betätigt werden. Hierdurch erhält das Relais 25 Strom aus der Leitung 8 über die beiden Ruhekontakte 22 und 23. Mit dem Anziehen des Relais 25 wiederholt sich der vorhin beschriebene Zyklus mit einem Unterschied jedoch.If a dangerous situation occurs, for example by opening a protective door, the switching device 6 is thereby actuated, ie both normally closed contacts 7 and 8 are opened. This interrupts the current in the two channels 2 and 3 and the associated relays 13 and 18 drop out. After the dangerous situation has been eliminated, the relays 13 and 18 cannot be tightened again by closing the normally closed contacts 7 and 8, because both the normally open contacts 26 and 27 of the relay 25 and their own normally closed contacts 12 and 17 are open. In order to initialize the emergency stop device 1 again so that the contacts 46, 47, 49 in the working circuit 48 are closed, the make contact 21 must be actuated. As a result, the relay 25 receives current from the line 8 via the two normally closed contacts 22 and 23. When the relay 25 is energized, however, the cycle described above repeats itself with one difference.

Die zweite Initialisierungsschaltung 5 ist dagegen nicht betroffen und liefert keinen Beitrag, um den Strom in den Kanälen 2 und 3 wieder einzuschalten, da die zweite Initialisierungsschaltung 5 erkennbar die Charakteristik eines nicht retriggerbaren Monoflops hat und bis zum erneuten Einschalten der Versorgungsspannung in den Zustand nach dem Abklingen des Ausgangsimpulses bleibt. Bei Betätigung der Schalteinrichtung 6 bzw. des Schließers 21 bleibt der Transistor 38 ein- und der Transistor 44 ausgeschaltet.The second initialization circuit 5, on the other hand, is not affected and makes no contribution to switching on the current in channels 2 and 3 again, since the second initialization circuit 5 has the characteristic of a non-retriggerable monoflop and until the supply voltage is switched on again in the state after Decay of the output pulse remains. When the switching device 6 or the closer 21 is actuated, the transistor 38 remains on and the transistor 44 is switched off.

Nur dann, wenn die Versorgungsspannung auf der Leitung 8 verschwindet, wird die zweite Initialisierungsschaltung 5 in den Ausgangszustand zurückgesetzt und kann an ihrem Ausgang 31 einen Impuls von ca. 250 msec abgeben, der dazu führt, daß über den Arbeitskontakt 45 das Relais 25 mit Strom versorgt wird. Gleichzeitig mit dem Einschalten der Stromversorgung für das Relais 25 wird über die Ruhekontakte 9 und 16 zwangsweise jeder Strom für die Relaiswicklungen 14 und 19 unterbunden. Ein Strom kann durch die Relaiswicklungen 14 und 19 nur dann fließen, wenn der Impuls, den die zweite Initialisierungsschaltung 5 an ihrem Ausgang 31 liefert, abgeklungen ist.Only when the supply voltage on line 8 disappears, the second initialization circuit 5 is reset to the initial state and can output a pulse of approximately 250 msec at its output 31, which leads to the relay 25 being supplied with current via the normally open contact 45 is supplied. Simultaneously with the switching on of the power supply for the relay 25, any current for the relay windings 14 and 19 is forcibly prevented via the normally closed contacts 9 and 16. A current can flow through the relay windings 14 and 19 only when the pulse that the second initialization circuit 5 supplies at its output 31 has decayed.

Falls beim Einschalten der Versorgungsspannung die Schalteinrichtung 6 nicht in ihrer Ruhestellung ist, bleibt trotz geschlossenem Arbeitskontakt 45 die Stromversorgung für das Relais 25 und den parallelgeschalteten Speicherkondensator 28 offensichtlich unberbrochen. Der Strom in den Kanälen 2 und 3 kann folglich auch nicht eingeschaltet werden, so daß der Arbeitsstromkreis 48 stromlos bleibt.If the switching device 6 is not in its rest position when the supply voltage is switched on, the power supply for the relay 25 and the storage capacitor 28 connected in parallel obviously remains uninterrupted despite the normally open contact 45. The current in channels 2 and 3 can therefore not be switched on, so that the working circuit 48 remains de-energized.

Claims (13)

Not-Aus-Gerät (1 ) mit einer zwei Ruhekontakte (7, 8) enthaltenden und willkürlich zu betätigenden Schalteinrichtung (6 ), einem ersten, an eine Versorgungsspannung angeschlossenen Kanal (2 ), der in Serienschaltung einen Ruhekontakt (7 ) der Schalteinrichtung (6 ) einer Relaiswicklung (14) eines zu dem Kanal (2 ) gehörigen Relais (13) sowie einen Arbeitskontakt (12) des Relais (13) aufweist, mit einem zweiten, an eine Versorgungsspannung angeschlossenen Kanal (3 ), der in Serienschaltung den anderen Ruhekontakt (8 ) der Schalteinrichtung (6) eine Relaiswicklung (19) eines zu dem Kanal (3) gehörigen Relais (18) sowie einen Arbeitskontakt (17) dieses Relais (18) enthält, mit einer ersten, an einer Versorgungsspannung angeschlossenen Initialisierungsschaltung (4 ), die in Serienschaltung einen willkürlich zu betätigenden Arbeitskontakt (21) sowie je einen Ruhekontakt (22, 23) der beiden zu den Kanälen (2, 3) gehörenden Relais und einer Relaiswicklung (24) eines Relais (25) aufweist, das zu der Initialisierungsschaltung gehört und zwei Arbeitskontakte (26, 27) enthält, von denen je einer (26, 27) zu einem Arbeitskontakt (12, 17) in den Kanälen (2, 3) parallelgeschaltet ist, sowie mit einem Speicherkondensator (28), der zu der Relaiswicklung (24) der Initialisierungsschaltung (4 ) parallel liegt, wobei weitere Kontakte (46, 47) der Relais (13, 18) aus den Kanälen (2, 3) in einer Stromzuleitung (48) einer durch das Not-Aus-Gerät (1 ) gesteuerten Maschine oder Anlage liegen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine zweite Initialisierungsschaltung (5 ) vorhanden ist, die von einer Versorgungsspannung der Kanäle (2, 3) mit Strom versorgt ist und einen Steuereingang (29) sowie einen -ausgang (31) aufweist, daß die zweite Initialisierungsschaltung (5 ) mit ihrem Eingang (29) an der Versorgungsspannung angeschlossen ist und die Charakteristik eines nicht retriggerbaren Monoflops aufweist, und daß an dem Ausgang (31) Schaltmittel (11) angeschlossen sind, die in einem Zustand einen Stromfluß in den Relaiswicklungen (14, 19) der Kanäle (2, 3) verhindern und in diesem Schaltzustand den Speicherkondensator (28) an die Versorgungsspannung anschalten.Emergency stop device (1) with a switch device (6) which contains two normally closed contacts (7, 8) and can be actuated arbitrarily, a first channel (2) connected to a supply voltage, which in series connection has a normally closed contact (7) of the switching device ( 6) has a relay winding (14) of a relay (13) belonging to the channel (2) and a normally open contact (12) of the relay (13), with a second channel (3) connected to a supply voltage, the other being connected in series The normally closed contact (8) of the switching device (6) contains a relay winding (19) of a relay (18) belonging to the channel (3) and a make contact (17) of this relay (18), with a first initialization circuit (4 ), which in series connection has an arbitrarily actuated working contact (21) and a normally closed contact (22, 23) of the two relays belonging to the channels (2, 3) and a relay winding (24) of a relay (25) which belongs to the initialization circuit and contains two make contacts (26, 27), one of which (26, 27) is connected in parallel to a make contact (12, 17) in the channels (2, 3), and with a storage capacitor ( 28), which is parallel to the relay winding (24) of the initialization circuit (4), further contacts (46, 47) of the relays (13, 18) from the channels (2, 3) in a power supply line (48) one through the Emergency stop device (1) controlled machine or system, characterized in that there is a second initialization circuit (5) which is supplied with current by a supply voltage for the channels (2, 3) and a control input (29) and a output (31), that the second initialization circuit (5) has its input (29) connected to the supply voltage and has the characteristic of a non-retriggerable monoflop, and that switching means (11) are connected to the output (31) which, in one state, flow a current into the Prevent relay windings (14, 19) of the channels (2, 3) and switch on the storage capacitor (28) to the supply voltage in this switching state. Not-Aus-Gerät nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Versorgungsspannung für die Kanäle (2, 3) sowie die Initialisierungsschaltungen (4, 5) dieselbe Versorgungsspannung ist.Emergency stop device according to claim 1, characterized in that the supply voltage for the channels (2, 3) and the initialization circuits (4, 5) is the same supply voltage. Not-Aus-Gerät nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schaltmittel von einem Relais (11) gebildet sind, das zwei Ruhekontakte (9, 16) und wenigstens einen Arbeitskontakt (45) enthält, daß je ein Ruhekontakt (9, 16) in der Serienschaltung je eines Kanals (2, 3) liegt und daß der Arbeitskontakt (45) elektrisch gesehen zwischen einem Anschluß (8) der Versorgungsspannung und dem Speicherkondensator (28) liegt.Emergency stop device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the switching means are formed by a relay (11) which contains two normally closed contacts (9, 16) and at least one normally open contact (45), that one normally closed contact (9, 16) in the series connection of one channel (2, 3) and that the normally open contact (45) is electrically seen between a connection (8) of the supply voltage and the storage capacitor (28). Not-Aus-Gerät nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der eine Ruhekontakt (9 ) und der Arbeitskontakt (45) zu einem Umschaltkontakt zusammengefaßt sind.Emergency stop device according to Claim 3, characterized in that the one normally closed contact (9) and the normally open contact (45) are combined to form a changeover contact. Not-Aus-Gerät nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ruhekontakte (9, 16) des an die zweite Initialisierungsschaltung ( 5) angeschlossenen Relais (11) zwischen den Ruhekontakten (7, 8) der willkürlich zu betätigenden Schalteinrichtung (6 ) und den Arbeitskontakten (12, 17) der Relais (13, 18) der betreffenden Kanäle (2, 3) liegen.Emergency stop device according to claim 3, characterized in that the normally closed contacts (9, 16) of the relay (11) connected to the second initialization circuit (5) between the normally closed contacts (7, 8) of the arbitrarily actuated switching device (6) and the normally open contacts (12, 17) of the relays (13, 18) of the relevant channels (2, 3). Not-Aus-Gerät nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Arbeitskontakt (45) des zu der zweiten Initialisierungsschaltung (5 ) gehörenden Relais (11) an einem Kanal (2 ) zwischen dem Ruhekontakt (7) der willkürlich zu betätigenden Schalteinrichtung (6 ) und dem Arbeitskontakt (12) des zu dem Kanal ( 2) gehörenden Relais (13) angeschlossen ist und von dort zu der ersten Initialisierungsschaltung (4 ) führt, wo der Arbeitskontakt (45) an der Verbindung zwischen dem willkürlich zu betätigenden Arbeitskontakt (21) sowie der Serienschaltung der beiden Ruhekontakte (22, 23) der in den Kanälen (2, 3) liegenden Relais (13, 18) angeschaltet ist.Emergency stop device according to Claim 3, characterized in that the make contact (45) of the relay (11) belonging to the second initialization circuit (5) is connected to a channel (2) between the normally closed contact (7) of the switching device (6) which can be actuated arbitrarily ) and the normally open contact (12) of the relay (13) belonging to the channel (2) and from there leads to the first initialization circuit (4), where the normally open contact (45) connects the arbitrarily operated normally open contact (21 ) and the series connection of the two normally closed contacts (22, 23) of the relays (13, 18) located in the channels (2, 3) is switched on. Not-Aus-Gerät nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die zweite Initialisierungsschaltung (5 ) an ihrem Eingang ein Zeitglied (36) enthält.Emergency stop device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the second initialization circuit (5) contains a timing element (36) at its input. Not-Aus-Gerät nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß an das Zeitglied (36) eine Impulsformerstufe (38) angeschlossen ist.Emergency stop device according to claim 7, characterized in that a pulse shaper stage (38) is connected to the timing element (36). Not-Aus-Gerät nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Impulsformerstufe von einem einzigen Transistor (38) gebildet ist.Emergency stop device according to Claim 8, characterized in that the pulse shaper stage is formed by a single transistor (38). Not-Aus-Gerät nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwischen der Impulsformerstufe (38) und dem Ausgang (31)der zweiten Initialisierungsschaltung (5) ein Inverter (44) liegt.Emergency stop device according to Claim 8, characterized in that an inverter (44) is located between the pulse shaper stage (38) and the output (31) of the second initialization circuit (5). Not-Aus-Gerät nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Inverter von einem Transistor (44) mit Open-Kollektor-Ausgang gebildet ist.Emergency stop device according to Claim 10, characterized in that the inverter is formed by a transistor (44) with an open collector output. Not-Aus-Gerät nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwischen dem Impulsformer (38) und dem Inverter (44) ein Zeitglied (43) liegt, dessen Zeitkonstante kleiner als die Zeitkonstante der zweiten Initialisierungsschaltung (5 ) ist.Emergency stop device according to claim 10, characterized in that between the pulse shaper (38) and the inverter (44) there is a timing element (43) whose time constant is less than the time constant of the second initialization circuit (5). Not-Aus-Gerät nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die zweite Initialisierungsschaltung (5) beim Einschalten der Versorgungsspannung einen Ausgangsimpuls abgibt, der gegenüber dem Einschalten der Versorgungsschaltung zeitversetzt beginnt und nach einer festgelegten Zeit endet, die ausreicht, um den Speicherkondensator (28) der ersten Initialisierungsschaltung (4 ) ausreichend aufladen zu können.Emergency stop device according to Claim 1, characterized in that when the supply voltage is switched on, the second initialization circuit (5) emits an output pulse which starts with a time delay when the supply circuit is switched on and ends after a predetermined time which is sufficient for the storage capacitor (28 ) to be able to charge the first initialization circuit (4) sufficiently.
EP91117271A 1990-10-24 1991-10-10 Self-initiating emergency shutdown device Expired - Lifetime EP0482437B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4033801 1990-10-24
DE4033801A DE4033801C1 (en) 1990-10-24 1990-10-24

Publications (3)

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EP0482437A2 true EP0482437A2 (en) 1992-04-29
EP0482437A3 EP0482437A3 (en) 1993-01-27
EP0482437B1 EP0482437B1 (en) 1995-03-22

Family

ID=6416955

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91117271A Expired - Lifetime EP0482437B1 (en) 1990-10-24 1991-10-10 Self-initiating emergency shutdown device

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EP (1) EP0482437B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE120305T1 (en)
DE (2) DE4033801C1 (en)
DK (1) DK0482437T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2069794T3 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19513191C1 (en) * 1995-03-31 1996-07-25 Schleicher Relais Safety circuit with electronic switches across contacts of relays for human operative protection on equipment and machines
DE10016712C5 (en) * 2000-04-04 2004-09-16 Pilz Gmbh & Co. Safety switching device and method for setting an operating mode of a safety switching device

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3821622A1 (en) * 1988-06-27 1989-12-28 Siemens Ag Contactor safety circuit

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3821622A1 (en) * 1988-06-27 1989-12-28 Siemens Ag Contactor safety circuit

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
ELEKTRISCHE ENERGIETECHNIK Bd. 34, Nr. 1, Februar 1989, HEIDELBERG DE Seiten 50 - 52 , XP000007449 S. PLACHETKA 'Redundanz-varianten; Beschaltungen von Not-Aus-Relais' *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0482437B1 (en) 1995-03-22
DE4033801C1 (en) 1991-12-05
ES2069794T3 (en) 1995-05-16
EP0482437A3 (en) 1993-01-27
DE59104992D1 (en) 1995-04-27
DK0482437T3 (en) 1995-06-26
ATE120305T1 (en) 1995-04-15

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