EP0478995A1 - Boiling liquid cooled internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Boiling liquid cooled internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0478995A1
EP0478995A1 EP91115248A EP91115248A EP0478995A1 EP 0478995 A1 EP0478995 A1 EP 0478995A1 EP 91115248 A EP91115248 A EP 91115248A EP 91115248 A EP91115248 A EP 91115248A EP 0478995 A1 EP0478995 A1 EP 0478995A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
combustion engine
internal combustion
cooling system
expansion tank
engine according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP91115248A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Andreas Sausner
Jens Sielaff
Hans-Peter Jaekel
Klaus Mertens
Karl-Heinz Dr. Spies
Hans-Jürgen Schäfer
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Carl Freudenberg KG
Original Assignee
Carl Freudenberg KG
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Publication date
Application filed by Carl Freudenberg KG filed Critical Carl Freudenberg KG
Publication of EP0478995A1 publication Critical patent/EP0478995A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
    • F01P3/22—Liquid cooling characterised by evaporation and condensation of coolant in closed cycles; characterised by the coolant reaching higher temperatures than normal atmospheric boiling-point
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P11/00—Component parts, details, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01P1/00 - F01P9/00
    • F01P11/02—Liquid-coolant filling, overflow, venting, or draining devices
    • F01P11/029—Expansion reservoirs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P2025/00—Measuring
    • F01P2025/04—Pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P7/00—Controlling of coolant flow
    • F01P7/02—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being cooling-air
    • F01P7/08—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being cooling-air by cutting in or out of pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P7/00—Controlling of coolant flow
    • F01P7/02—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being cooling-air
    • F01P7/10—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being cooling-air by throttling amount of air flowing through liquid-to-air heat exchangers
    • F01P7/12—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being cooling-air by throttling amount of air flowing through liquid-to-air heat exchangers by thermostatic control

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an evaporation-cooled internal combustion engine, in which a cooling system containing a coolant and an expansion tank are provided.
  • a cooling system containing a coolant and an expansion tank are provided.
  • Such an internal combustion engine is known from DE-OS 38 09 136. To ensure proper operation, a large number of sensors are required, which makes the internal combustion engine complicated in structure and prone to failure.
  • the invention is based on the object of further developing such an internal combustion engine in such a way that a comparatively simplified structure and greater operational reliability result.
  • the expansion tank is connected to a gas-filled zone of the cooling system by means of a line.
  • the line and the expansion tank are not designed to flow through. As a result, they are not heated in a special way under normal operating conditions, with the result that the gas contained under normal operating conditions, as well as when the internal combustion engine is switched off, essentially consists only of air which is free from water droplets.
  • the expansion tank is nevertheless able to hold that volume which results from the operational heating of the coolant contained in the cooling system. This causes an evaporation of coolant components in the internal combustion engine, the volume of which can be condensed in the condenser in the same time unit in parallel with its formation.
  • the condenser is dimensioned so that it is almost completely filled with evaporated coolant under normal operating conditions.
  • the cooling surfaces contained in the condenser are available to a correspondingly large extent for dissipating the heat of condensation released during the re-liquefaction of the coolant.
  • the expansion tank can be closed off from the outside by a flexible and liquid-impermeable, flexible wall, in order to ensure that the coolant cannot escape.
  • the wall can form part of a floating piston, for example, which can possibly be moved back and forth in a cylindrical compensation vessel.
  • the wall is designed to be resilient, there is the advantage that the cooling system can be controlled more easily.
  • the wall always has a very specific position depending on the respective operating temperature of the internal combustion engine. This can be detected with the aid of simple control devices, which makes it possible to draw conclusions about the tightness of the entire cooling system.
  • the wall can be supported on a secondary spring, for example made of a coil spring made of metallic material, which is integrated in the expansion tank.
  • a secondary spring for example made of a coil spring made of metallic material, which is integrated in the expansion tank.
  • an air cushion can also be used.
  • the manufacture of a correspondingly designed expansion tank is very simple and, accordingly, inexpensive.
  • a sensor for continuously detecting the internal pressure is assigned to the expansion tank.
  • the signal emitted by the sensor in such an embodiment allows conclusions to be drawn about the current operating temperature of the internal combustion engine.
  • the signal is therefore preferably used in the context of the present invention in order to activate auxiliary devices which cool the condenser to the extent required, for example a cooling air fan and / or a radiator louvre.
  • auxiliary devices which cool the condenser to the extent required, for example a cooling air fan and / or a radiator louvre. It has proven particularly expedient here if the sensor is assigned to the relatively movable wall which delimits the expansion tank from the surroundings. It is itself protected from direct exposure to the coolant, which simplifies its manufacture and improves operational safety over long periods of time.
  • FIG. 1 shows an evaporative-cooled internal combustion engine in a schematic representation.
  • a cooling system 2 is provided, which has a condenser 3 and an expansion tank 4.
  • the expansion tank 4 is connected to a gas-filled zone of the cooling system 2 by means of a line 5. In the present case, this is a zone that forms the highest point of the capacitor 3. All locations of the cooling system 3 and the internal combustion engine 1, which are located below this zone 6, are normally in a cold internal combustion engine completely filled with liquefied coolant.
  • the line 12 is directly connected to a return line 13 through a coolant separator 14 and a short-circuit line 11.
  • This opens into the lower end of the internal combustion engine 1 and contains a pump 15, by means of which the feed of liquefied coolant components in the internal combustion engine can be increased if necessary.
  • the lines 11, 12 and 13 mentioned above can, under certain circumstances, ensure sufficient condensation of the vapor volume leaving the internal combustion engine 1, for example at cold bypass temperatures and / or with an extremely short operating time. In such cases, the internal combustion engine 1 heats up particularly quickly to operating temperature, which reduces wear and allows excess heat of the internal combustion engine to be made available for heating the interior of a motor vehicle immediately after starting.
  • the coolant level within the condenser 3 can vary slightly.
  • the expansion tank 4 has the task of improving the condenser efficiency by regulating the air mass in the cooling system as a function of pressure.
  • the expansion tank 4 is connected to a steam-filled zone 6 of the cooling system by means of a blind line 5.
  • gas that is at normal ambient temperature i.e. of steam-free air that is extracted from the cooling system. Irrespective of the respective load level of the internal combustion engine 1, air can therefore no longer impair the capacitor efficiency.
  • a membrane 7 is contained, which is liquid-impermeable and elastically resilient.
  • the membrane 7 closes off the interior of the cooling system from the outside. It is supported on the back by a secondary spring, which is made of metal and allows a certain internal pressure to be guaranteed within the cooling system.
  • the relevant deviations are compensated for by the expansion tank 4, which is connected by means of a line 5 to a steam-filled zone 6 of the cooling system.
  • a membrane 7 is contained, which is liquid-impermeable and elastically resilient. The membrane 7 closes off the interior of the cooling system from the outside. It is supported on the back by a secondary spring, which is made of metal and allows a certain internal pressure to be guaranteed within the cooling system.
  • a sensor 9 is attached to the rear of the expansion tank 4. This enables the respective position of the membrane 7 to be determined and forms a signal therefrom which permits an immediate conclusion to be drawn about the respective operating temperature of the internal combustion engine 1.
  • the signal is excellently suitable for controlling an auxiliary device 10 which allows the condensation effect of the capacitor 3 to be adapted to the respective requirements of the load case.
  • a device 10 is a cooling air fan. If necessary, the device can be supplemented or replaced by a signal-operated radiator blind.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Cooling Or The Like Of Semiconductors Or Solid State Devices (AREA)

Abstract

Eine verdampfungsgekühlte Verbrennungskraftmaschine (1), bei der ein ein Kühlmittel (2) enthaltendes Kühlsystem (3) und ein damit verbundenes Ausgleichsgefäß (4) vorgesehen sind. Das Ausgleichsgefäß (4) ist mittels einer Leitung (5) an eine dampfgefüllte Zone (6) des Kühlsystems (2) angeschlossen. <IMAGE>An evaporatively cooled internal combustion engine (1), in which a cooling system (3) containing a coolant (2) and an expansion tank (4) connected to it are provided. The expansion tank (4) is connected by a line (5) to a steam-filled zone (6) of the cooling system (2). <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine verdampfungsgekühlte Verbrennungskraftmaschine, bei der ein ein Kühlmittel enthaltendes Kühlsystem und ein Ausgleichsgefäß vorgesehen sind. Eine solche Verbrennungskraftmaschine ist aus der DE-OS 38 09 136 bekannt. Zur Gewährleistung eines einwandfreien Betriebes sind dabei eine Vielzahl von Sensoren erforderlich, was die Verbrennungskraftmaschine kompliziert im Aufbau und störanfällig macht.The invention relates to an evaporation-cooled internal combustion engine, in which a cooling system containing a coolant and an expansion tank are provided. Such an internal combustion engine is known from DE-OS 38 09 136. To ensure proper operation, a large number of sensors are required, which makes the internal combustion engine complicated in structure and prone to failure.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine solche Verbrennungskraftmaschine derart weiterzuentwickeln, daß sich ein vergleichsweise vereinfachter Aufbau und eine größere Betriebssicherheit ergibt.The invention is based on the object of further developing such an internal combustion engine in such a way that a comparatively simplified structure and greater operational reliability result.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß bei einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine der eingangs genannten Art mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen von Anspruch 1 gelöst. Auf vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen nehmen die Unteransprüche Bezug.This object is achieved according to the invention in an internal combustion engine of the type mentioned at the outset with the characterizing features of claim 1. The subclaims refer to advantageous configurations.

Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Verbrennungskraftmaschine ist es vorgesehen, daß das Ausgleichsgefäß mittels einer Leitung an eine gasgefüllte Zone des Kühlsystems angeschlossen ist. Die Leitung und das Ausgleichsgefäß sind nicht durchströmbar gestaltet. Sie werden dadurch unter normalen Betriebsbedingungen nicht in besonderer Weise erwärmt, was zur Folge hat, daß das enthaltene Gas unter normalen Betriebsbedingungen ebenso wie bei abgeschalteter Verbrennungskraftmaschine im wesentlichen nur aus Luft besteht, die frei von Wassertröpfchen ist. Das Ausgleichsgefäß vermag gleichwohl dasjenige Volumen aufzunehmen, das sich durch die betriebsbedingte Erwärmung des in dem Kühlsystem enthaltenen Kühlmittels ergibt. Diese bedingt eine Verdampfung von Kühlmittelbestandteilen in der Verbrennungskraftmaschine, die hinsichtlich ihres Volumens parallel zur Entstehung in derselben Zeiteinheit in dem Kondensator kondensierbar ist. Der Kondensator ist dabei so bemessen, daß er unter normalen Betriebsbedingungen nahezu vollständig mit verdampftem Kühlmittel gefüllt ist. Die in dem Kondensator enthaltenen Kühlflächen stehen in einem entsprechend großem Umfang für die Ableitung der während der erneuten Verflüssigung des Kühlmittels freigesetzten Kondensationswärme zur Verfügung.In the internal combustion engine according to the invention it is provided that the expansion tank is connected to a gas-filled zone of the cooling system by means of a line. The line and the expansion tank are not designed to flow through. As a result, they are not heated in a special way under normal operating conditions, with the result that the gas contained under normal operating conditions, as well as when the internal combustion engine is switched off, essentially consists only of air which is free from water droplets. The expansion tank is nevertheless able to hold that volume which results from the operational heating of the coolant contained in the cooling system. This causes an evaporation of coolant components in the internal combustion engine, the volume of which can be condensed in the condenser in the same time unit in parallel with its formation. The condenser is dimensioned so that it is almost completely filled with evaporated coolant under normal operating conditions. The cooling surfaces contained in the condenser are available to a correspondingly large extent for dissipating the heat of condensation released during the re-liquefaction of the coolant.

Das Ausgleichsgefäß kann durch eine flüssigkeits- und gasundurchlässige, nachgiebige Wand nach außen abgeschlossen sein, um sicherzustellen, daß ein Entweichen von Kühlmittel ausgeschlossen ist. Die Wand kann beispielsweise einen Bestandteil eines Schwebekolbens bilden, der ggf. in einem zylinderförmig gestalteten Ausgleichsgefäß hin- und herbewegbar ist.The expansion tank can be closed off from the outside by a flexible and liquid-impermeable, flexible wall, in order to ensure that the coolant cannot escape. The wall can form part of a floating piston, for example, which can possibly be moved back and forth in a cylindrical compensation vessel.

Bei einer Ausführung, bei der die Wand elastisch nachgiebig gestaltet ist, besteht der Vorteil einer vereinfachten Kontrollierbarkeit des Kühlsystems. Die Wand hat bei solchen Ausführungen in Abhängigkeit von der jeweiligen Betriebstemperatur der Verbrennungskraftmaschine stets eine ganz bestimmte Stellung. Diese läßt sich mit Hilfe einfacher Kontrolleinrichtungen erfassen, was es ermöglicht, Rückschlüsse auf die Dichtheit des gesamten Kühlsystems zu ziehen.In an embodiment in which the wall is designed to be resilient, there is the advantage that the cooling system can be controlled more easily. With such designs, the wall always has a very specific position depending on the respective operating temperature of the internal combustion engine. This can be detected with the aid of simple control devices, which makes it possible to draw conclusions about the tightness of the entire cooling system.

Die Wand kann auf einer Sekundärfeder abgestützt sein, beispielsweise aus einer Schraubenfeder aus metallischem Werkstoff, die in das Ausgleichsgefäß integriert ist. Die sich unter normalen Betriebsbedingungen ergebenden Verformungswege sind bei solchen Ausführungen während einer extrem langen Gebrauchsdauer nahezu konstant, was in bezug auf die Kontrolle der Betriebssicherheit der einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine von großem Vorteil ist.The wall can be supported on a secondary spring, for example made of a coil spring made of metallic material, which is integrated in the expansion tank. The deformation paths resulting under normal operating conditions are almost constant in such designs over an extremely long period of use, which is of great advantage in terms of checking the operational safety of an internal combustion engine.

Alternativ zu einer Sekundärfeder der vorgenannten Art kann auch ein Luftpolster zur Anwendung gelangen. Die Herstellung eines entsprechend gestalteten Ausgleichsgefäßes ist sehr einfach und dementsprechend kostengünstig möglich.As an alternative to a secondary spring of the aforementioned type, an air cushion can also be used. The manufacture of a correspondingly designed expansion tank is very simple and, accordingly, inexpensive.

Nach einer anderen Ausgestaltung ist es vorgesehen, daß dem Ausgleichsgefäß ein Sensor zur kontinuierlichen Erfassung des Innendruckes zugeordnet ist. Das von dem Sensor bei einer solchen Ausführung abgegebene Signal gestattet Rückschlüsse auf die momentane Betriebstemperatur der Verbrennungskraftmaschine. Das Signal wird daher im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung bevorzugt benutzt, um eine Kühlung des Kondensators bewirkende Hilfseinrichtungen im jeweils erforderlichen Maß zu aktivieren, beispielsweise einen Kühlluftventilator und/oder eine Kühlerjalousette. Hierbei hat es sich als besonders zweckmäßig erwiesen, wenn der Sensor der relativ beweglichen Wand zugeordnet ist, welche das Ausgleichsgefäß gegenüber der Umgebung abgrenzt. Er ist dabei selbst vor einer unmittelbaren Einwirkung durch das Kühlmittel geschützt, was seine Herstellung vereinfacht und die Betriebssicherheit über lange Zeiträume verbessert.According to another embodiment, it is provided that a sensor for continuously detecting the internal pressure is assigned to the expansion tank. The signal emitted by the sensor in such an embodiment allows conclusions to be drawn about the current operating temperature of the internal combustion engine. The signal is therefore preferably used in the context of the present invention in order to activate auxiliary devices which cool the condenser to the extent required, for example a cooling air fan and / or a radiator louvre. It has proven particularly expedient here if the sensor is assigned to the relatively movable wall which delimits the expansion tank from the surroundings. It is itself protected from direct exposure to the coolant, which simplifies its manufacture and improves operational safety over long periods of time.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand der in der Anlage beigefügten Zeichnung weiter verdeutlicht. Diese zeigt eine verdampfungsgekühlte Verbrennungskraftmaschine in schematischer Darstellung. Bei der gezeigten Verbrennungskraftmaschine 1 ist ein Kühlsystem 2 vorgesehen, welches einen Kondensator 3 aufweist sowie ein Ausgleichsgefäß 4. Das Ausgleichsgefäß 4 ist mittels einer Leitung 5 an eine gasgefüllte Zone des Kühlsystems 2 angeschlossen. Hierbei handelt es sich vorliegend um eine Zone, die die höchste Stelle des Kondensators 3 bildet. Alle Stellen des Kühlsystems 3 und der Verbrennungskraftmaschine 1, die sich unterhalb dieser Zone 6 befinden, sind bei kalter Verbrennungskraftmaschine normalerweise vollständig mit verflüssigtem Kühlmittel gefüllt.The invention is illustrated below with reference to the accompanying drawing. This shows an evaporative-cooled internal combustion engine in a schematic representation. In the internal combustion engine 1 shown, a cooling system 2 is provided, which has a condenser 3 and an expansion tank 4. The expansion tank 4 is connected to a gas-filled zone of the cooling system 2 by means of a line 5. In the present case, this is a zone that forms the highest point of the capacitor 3. All locations of the cooling system 3 and the internal combustion engine 1, which are located below this zone 6, are normally in a cold internal combustion engine completely filled with liquefied coolant.

Nach Inbetriebsetzung der Verbrennungskraftmaschine 1 wird von dieser Wärme freigesetzt. Es resultiert die Entstehung von Dampf im Bereich des oberen Endes, der über eine Leitung 12 kontinuierlich abgeführt wird. Die Leitung 12 ist durch einen Kühlmittelabscheider 14 und eine Kurzschlußleitung 11 unmittelbar mit einer Rückflußleitung 13 verbunden. Diese mündet in das untere Ende der Verbrennungskraftmaschine 1 und enthält eine Pumpe 15, durch welche sich die Einspeisung von verflüssigten Kühlmittelbestandteilen in der Verbrennungskraftmaschine bedarfsweise vergrößern läßt. Die vorstehend angesprochenen Leitungen 11, 12 und 13 können bei bestimmten Gegebenheiten eine ausreichende Kondensierung des die Verbrennungskraftmaschine 1 verlassenden Dampfvolumens gewährleisten, beispielsweise bei kalten Umgehungstemperaturen und/oder bei einer extrem kurzen Betriebsdauer. Es resultiert in solchen Fällen eine besonders schnelle Erwärmung der Verbrennungskraftmaschine 1 auf Betriebstemperatur, was den Verschleiß vermindert und es gestattet, Überschußwärme der Verbrennungskraftmaschine bereits unmittelbar nach dem Start für die Beheizung des Innenraumes eines Kraftfahrzeuges verfügbar zu machen.After the internal combustion engine 1 has been started up, heat is released from it. The result is the generation of steam in the region of the upper end, which is continuously discharged via a line 12. The line 12 is directly connected to a return line 13 through a coolant separator 14 and a short-circuit line 11. This opens into the lower end of the internal combustion engine 1 and contains a pump 15, by means of which the feed of liquefied coolant components in the internal combustion engine can be increased if necessary. The lines 11, 12 and 13 mentioned above can, under certain circumstances, ensure sufficient condensation of the vapor volume leaving the internal combustion engine 1, for example at cold bypass temperatures and / or with an extremely short operating time. In such cases, the internal combustion engine 1 heats up particularly quickly to operating temperature, which reduces wear and allows excess heat of the internal combustion engine to be made available for heating the interior of a motor vehicle immediately after starting.

Unter normalen Betriebsbedingungen wird demgegenüber ein mehr oder weniger größerer Anteil des die Verbrennungskraftmaschine 1 am oberen Ende verlassenden Dampfvolumens dem Kondensator 3 zugeführt und in diesen am oberen Ende eingespeist. Der Kondensator 3 ist quer zur Richtung seiner Kühlelemente 16 von Außenluft durchströmbar. Die Kühlelemente 16 erfahren hierdurch eine Abkühlung, was eine Kondensierung des von oben durch sie hindurch geleiteten Dampfes bewirkt. Am unteren Ende des Kondensators 3 ist dadurch unabhängig von den jeweils herrschenden Betriebsbedingungen stets nur verflüssigtes Kühlmittel verfügbar. Dieses wird von der Pumpe 15 im erforderlichen Maße angesogen und am unteren Ende in die Verbrennungskraftmaschine 1 eingespeist.Under normal operating conditions, on the other hand, a more or less larger portion of the vapor volume leaving the internal combustion engine 1 at the upper end is fed to the condenser 3 and fed into the latter at the upper end. Outside air can flow through the condenser 3 transversely to the direction of its cooling elements 16. The cooling elements 16 are thereby cooled, which causes condensation of the vapor passed through them from above. As a result, only liquefied coolant is always available at the lower end of the condenser 3, regardless of the prevailing operating conditions. This is sucked in by the pump 15 to the required extent and fed into the internal combustion engine 1 at the lower end.

In Abhängigkeit von der jeweiligen Belastung der Verbrennungskraftmaschine 1 kann der Kühlmittelstand innerhalb des Kondensators 3 geringfügig variieren. Im wesentlichen hat das Ausgleichsgefäß 4 die Aufgabe, durch eine druckabhängige Regelung der Luftmasse im Kühlsystem den Kondensator-Wirkungsgrad zu verbessern. Hierzu ist das Ausgleichsgefäß 4 mittels einer blinden Leitung 5 an eine dampfgefüllte Zone 6 des Kühlsystems angeschlossen. In der blinden Leitung ist im wesentlichen nur Gas enthalten, das die normale Umgebungstemperatur aufweist, d.h. von wasserdampffreier Luft, die dem Kühlsystem entzogen ist. Unabhängig vom jeweiligen Belastungsgrad der Verbrennungskraftmaschine 1 vermag Luft daher den Kondensator-Wirkungsgrad nicht mehr zu beeinträchtigen.Depending on the particular load on the internal combustion engine 1, the coolant level within the condenser 3 can vary slightly. Essentially, the expansion tank 4 has the task of improving the condenser efficiency by regulating the air mass in the cooling system as a function of pressure. For this purpose, the expansion tank 4 is connected to a steam-filled zone 6 of the cooling system by means of a blind line 5. Essentially, only gas that is at normal ambient temperature, i.e. of steam-free air that is extracted from the cooling system. Irrespective of the respective load level of the internal combustion engine 1, air can therefore no longer impair the capacitor efficiency.

In dem Ausgleichsgefäß 4 ist eine Membran 7 enthalten, welche flüssigkeitsundurchlässig und elastisch nachgiebig gestaltet ist. Die Membran 7 schließt den Innenraum des Kühlsystems nach außen ab. Sie ist rückseitig durch eine Sekundärfeder abgestützt, welche aus Metall besteht und es erlaubt, einen bestimmten Innendruck innerhalb des Kühlsystems zu gewährleisten. Die diesbezüglichen Abweichungen werden durch das Ausgleichsgefäß 4 ausgeglichen, welche mittels einer Leitung 5 an eine dampfgefüllte Zone 6 des Kühlsystems angeschlossen ist. In dem Ausgleichsgefäß 4 ist eine Membran 7 enthalten, welche flüssigkeitsundurchlässig und elastisch nachgiebig gestaltet ist. Die Membran 7 schließt den Innenraum des Kühlsystems nach außen ab. Sie ist rückseitig durch eine Sekundärfeder unterstützt, welche aus Metall besteht und es erlaubt, einen bestimmten Innendruck innerhalb des Kühlsystems zu gewährleisten.In the expansion tank 4, a membrane 7 is contained, which is liquid-impermeable and elastically resilient. The membrane 7 closes off the interior of the cooling system from the outside. It is supported on the back by a secondary spring, which is made of metal and allows a certain internal pressure to be guaranteed within the cooling system. The relevant deviations are compensated for by the expansion tank 4, which is connected by means of a line 5 to a steam-filled zone 6 of the cooling system. In the expansion tank 4, a membrane 7 is contained, which is liquid-impermeable and elastically resilient. The membrane 7 closes off the interior of the cooling system from the outside. It is supported on the back by a secondary spring, which is made of metal and allows a certain internal pressure to be guaranteed within the cooling system.

An der Rückseite des Ausgleichsgefäßes 4 ist ein Sensor 9 angebracht. Dieser ermöglicht eine Bestimmung der jeweiligen Lage der Membran 7 und formt daraus ein Signal, welches einen unmittelbaren Rückschluß auf die jeweilige Betriebstemperatur der Verbrennungskraftmaschine 1 zuläßt. Das Signal eignet sich dadurch in ausgezeichneter Weise zur Ansteuerung einer Hilfseinrichtung 10, die eine Anpassung der Kondensationswirkung des Kondensators 3 an die jeweiligen Bedürfnisse des Belastungsfalles erlaubt. Bei einer solchen Einrichtung 10 handelt es sich im vorliegenden Falle um einen Kühlluftventilator. Die Einrichtung kann bedarfsweise ergänzt oder ersetzt werden durch eine signalbetätigbare Kühlerjalousette.A sensor 9 is attached to the rear of the expansion tank 4. This enables the respective position of the membrane 7 to be determined and forms a signal therefrom which permits an immediate conclusion to be drawn about the respective operating temperature of the internal combustion engine 1. As a result, the signal is excellently suitable for controlling an auxiliary device 10 which allows the condensation effect of the capacitor 3 to be adapted to the respective requirements of the load case. In the present case, such a device 10 is a cooling air fan. If necessary, the device can be supplemented or replaced by a signal-operated radiator blind.

Claims (8)

1. Verdampfungsgekühlte Verbrennungskraftmaschine, bei der ein ein Kühlmittel enthaltendes Kühlsystem und ein damit verbundenes Ausgleichsgefäß vorgesehen sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Ausgleichsgefäß (4) mittels einer Leitung (5) an eine dampfgefüllte Zone (6) des Kühlsystems (2) angeschlossen ist.1. Evaporation-cooled internal combustion engine, in which a cooling system containing a coolant and an associated expansion tank are provided, characterized in that the expansion tank (4) is connected by means of a line (5) to a steam-filled zone (6) of the cooling system (2). 2. Verbrennungskraftmaschine nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Ausgleichsgefäß (4) durch eine nachgiebige Wand (7) begrenzt ist.2. Internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the expansion vessel (4) is limited by a resilient wall (7). 3. Verbrennungskraftmaschine nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Wand (7) elastisch nachgiebig gestaltet ist.3. Internal combustion engine according to claim 2, characterized in that the wall (7) is designed to be resilient. 4. Verbrennungskraftmaschine nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Wand (7) auf einer Sekundärfeder (8) abgestützt ist.4. Internal combustion engine according to claim 3, characterized in that the wall (7) is supported on a secondary spring (8). 5. Verbrennungskraftmaschine nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Sekundärfeder (8) durch ein Luftpolster gebildet ist.5. Internal combustion engine according to claim 4, characterized in that the secondary spring (8) is formed by an air cushion. 6. Verbrennungskraftmaschine nach Anspruch 1-5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß dem Ausgleichsgefäß (4) ein Sensor zur Erfassung des Innendruckes zugeordnet ist.6. Internal combustion engine according to claim 1-5, characterized in that the compensating vessel (4) is assigned a sensor for detecting the internal pressure. 7. Verbrennungskraftmaschine nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Sensor (9) der Wand (7) zugeordnet ist.7. Internal combustion engine according to claim 6, characterized in that the sensor (9) is assigned to the wall (7). 8. Verwendung des Sensors (9) nach Anspruch 6 und 7 bei der Aktivierung einer Hilfseinrichtung (10) zur Förderung von Kühlluft durch den Kondensator (3).8. Use of the sensor (9) according to claim 6 and 7 in the activation of an auxiliary device (10) for conveying cooling air through the condenser (3).
EP91115248A 1990-10-05 1991-09-10 Boiling liquid cooled internal combustion engine Withdrawn EP0478995A1 (en)

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DE4031475 1990-10-05
DE4031475 1990-10-05

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FR2726032A1 (en) * 1994-10-21 1996-04-26 Valeo Thermique Moteur Sa Expansion chamber for diphasic cooling of e.g. motor vehicle IC-engines
EP2118463A1 (en) * 2007-02-09 2009-11-18 Volvo Lastvagnar AB Coolant system

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DE4229110C1 (en) * 1992-09-01 1993-10-07 Freudenberg Carl Fa Device for the temporary storage and metered feeding of volatile fuel components located in the free space of a tank system into the intake pipe of an internal combustion engine
US9476345B2 (en) * 2012-10-19 2016-10-25 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Engine cooling fan to reduce charge air cooler corrosion

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FR1252221A (en) * 1959-12-18 1961-01-27 Chausson Usines Sa Liquid cooling device for internal combustion engines
GB1043066A (en) * 1964-03-30 1966-09-21 Ford Motor Co Cooling systems for internal combustion engines
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US1676045A (en) * 1926-08-02 1928-07-03 Frank R Perry Condenser for automobile engine radiators
JPS5020940B1 (en) * 1970-03-30 1975-07-18
DE3339717A1 (en) * 1983-11-03 1985-05-15 M.A.N. Maschinenfabrik Augsburg-Nürnberg AG, 8500 Nürnberg EVAPORATIVE COOLING FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES
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US1652985A (en) * 1926-06-21 1927-12-13 Abram E Hostetter Condenser for motor-vehicle radiators
FR1252221A (en) * 1959-12-18 1961-01-27 Chausson Usines Sa Liquid cooling device for internal combustion engines
GB1043066A (en) * 1964-03-30 1966-09-21 Ford Motor Co Cooling systems for internal combustion engines
US4648356A (en) * 1984-06-12 1987-03-10 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Evaporative cooling system of internal combustion engine

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2726032A1 (en) * 1994-10-21 1996-04-26 Valeo Thermique Moteur Sa Expansion chamber for diphasic cooling of e.g. motor vehicle IC-engines
EP2118463A1 (en) * 2007-02-09 2009-11-18 Volvo Lastvagnar AB Coolant system
EP2118463A4 (en) * 2007-02-09 2014-05-14 Volvo Lastvagnar Ab Coolant system

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BR9104298A (en) 1992-06-02
US5213066A (en) 1993-05-25
JPH04259621A (en) 1992-09-16

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