EP0478448A1 - Nébuliseur pneumatique - Google Patents

Nébuliseur pneumatique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0478448A1
EP0478448A1 EP91402548A EP91402548A EP0478448A1 EP 0478448 A1 EP0478448 A1 EP 0478448A1 EP 91402548 A EP91402548 A EP 91402548A EP 91402548 A EP91402548 A EP 91402548A EP 0478448 A1 EP0478448 A1 EP 0478448A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
capillary
cone
liquid
gas
chamber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP91402548A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jacques Minier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives CEA
Original Assignee
Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA filed Critical Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA
Publication of EP0478448A1 publication Critical patent/EP0478448A1/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/02—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to produce a jet, spray, or other discharge of particular shape or nature, e.g. in single drops, or having an outlet of particular shape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/12—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S239/00—Fluid sprinkling, spraying, and diffusing
    • Y10S239/19—Nozzle materials

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a pneumatic nebulizer.
  • the nebulizers make it possible to fragment a liquid into droplets and to mix it with a carrier gas to thus obtain an aerosol. Such a transformation is necessary for the analysis of liquids in emission spectrometry.
  • Pneumatic nebulizers are one of the main categories and are based on the exploitation of the Venturi effect: the liquid is injected into the carrier gas through the end of a capillary terminated in a chamber traversed by the gas, and the mixture then passes into a narrowing where the pressure drops sharply. This is where nebulization occurs.
  • the concentration of the aerosol in liquid varies appreciably over time, mainly due to the variations in temperature following the reduction in pressure, which cause contractions of the nebulizer parts. It is still possible to obtain an aerosol of constant composition by adjusting a gas flow control valve, but the adjustments must be continuous since the composition obtained never becomes stable. In addition, the performance of nebulizers is poor, that is to say that the aerosol is not very loaded with liquid.
  • a nebulizer comprising a liquid supply capillary terminated in a chamber traversed by a gas stream and before a narrowing of the chamber, characterized in this that the capillary is terminated by a cone tapering towards the narrowing and opening identical to a conical imprint at the entrance of the narrowing, the cone and the conical imprint being coaxial with the capillary, and in that the capillary is movable in the axis of the capillary.
  • the combination of the cone and the conical imprint improves the characteristics of the flow and especially its yield. This effect can be enhanced if the capillary is made of a malleable material such as platinum, for reasons which will be explained later.
  • the capillary advantageously comprises an exposed or bare portion near the cone and which slides in a centering device supported on a wall delimiting the chamber.
  • the nebulizer shown in Figure 1 consists first of all of a tubular body 1 used to define a flow chamber 2.
  • the chamber 2 is also limited, at its two ends, by a regulator 3 and by a movable piston 4.
  • the regulator 3 is shaped so as to include a conical imprint 5 which opens by its flared part in the chamber 2, a conical imprint outlet 6 flaring outwards and an expansion duct 7 joining the two conical impressions 5 and 6.
  • the piston 4 is cylindrical and its axis is drilled so as to receive a capillary 8 which is integral with it.
  • a spring 9 is compressed between the shoulders of the body 1 and the piston 4 to push the latter to the right as shown in the figure.
  • a lever 10 is however supported by one end on the piston 4 and prevents it from moving excessively in this direction by exerting a stop action on it. Indeed, the lever 10 has its movement controlled by a rod 11 sliding under the action of a motor 12 controlled.
  • the rod 11 is coaxial with the motor shaft 12 and is connected to it by a device of a known type and which is not shown, such as a screw and nut system for converting the rotational movement of the motor shaft in translational movement of the rod 11.
  • the body 1 and the motor 12 are rigidly fixed to a frame 13 on which the lever 10 pivots.
  • connection 14 There is a radial passage to the middle of the body 1 into which a gas pipe connection 14 is inserted.
  • This connection 14 leads to the chamber 2, in front of a thinned part 15 of the piston 4 which has the advantage of not obstructing the radial passage.
  • Pawns 16 point from the thinned part 15 to the internal cylindrical wall of the body 1, which delimits the chamber 2, to center the piston 4.
  • the end of the connection 14 opposite the tube 1 is provided with conical grooves 18 on its outer face for firmly receiving a flexible pipe which supplies the chamber 2 with carrier gas. The gas leaves the chamber 2 through the passage 7.
  • the capillary 8 is terminated in front of the conical impression 5 by a cone 22 which tapers towards it and has the same opening. It is illustrated in more detail in Figure 2.
  • the cone 22 comprises an axial duct of which a part 23 contiguous to the base of the cone 22 has a diameter sufficient to receive the end of the capillary 8 while the rest 24 of the duct is the internal diameter of the capillary 8.
  • the capillary 8 is in platinum and cone 22 in rhodium platinum. They are rigidly assembled by a gold solder 25.
  • Liquid to be aerosolized is introduced into the capillary 8 from the right of FIGS. 1 and 2, towards the expansion duct 7, and also freely passes through the cone 22 to spread in the chamber 2 very close to the imprint conical 5. It is then entrained and collected by the gas bypassing the cone 22.
  • the collaboration of the conical impression 5 and the cone 22 limits the turbulence and makes the flow smooth, which favors the capture of the liquid by the carrier gas .
  • the mixture which undergoes nebulization in the expansion duct 7 therefore has a high liquid content (yield), several times that which is obtained in already known nebulizers. Gas consumption is therefore moderate.
  • a possible source of disturbance is the misalignment of the capillary 8 with respect to the expansion duct 7.
  • the existence of the centralizer 20 reduces this risk of misalignment without eliminating it entirely.
  • the capillary 8 is bent until a perfect centering is established and, as the platinum which constitutes it is a malleable material, it deforms plastically so as to maintain the alignment of the cone 22 on the conical impression 5 even when these two elements have been separated.
  • the choice of rhodium-plated platinum for cone 22 gives it greater hardness which protects its surface.
  • FIG. 3 diagrammatically represents the servo-control device of the motor 12 as a function of the flow rate of carrier gas.
  • the gas flows through a rigid tube 26 then a flexible tube 27, which is crimped around conical grooves 18, before reaching connection 14.
  • the rigid tube 26 contains an ingot 28 on a longitudinal portion which acts as an obstacle and does not allow passage gas only on a small annular section.
  • a loop duct 29 is connected by its two ends to this annular section, and an invariable proportion of the gas flow passes there.
  • Two coils 30 and 31 are wound around the loop duct 29 at different locations and form two resistors of a Wheatstone bridge 32 which is connected to the servo circuit 33 of the motor 12.
  • the modification of the gas flow rate through the passage 7 as well as through the loop duct 29 causes different variations in the temperatures and therefore the resistances of the coils 30 and 31
  • the Wheatstone bridge 32 is unbalanced, which causes the servo circuit 33 and the motor 12 to start up so as to move the piston 4 and the capillary 8 to reduce the gas flow to its intended value by facilitating or on the contrary by interfering with the flow thanks to the cone 22, the displacement of which modifies the free section for the passage of the carrier gas.
  • the advantage of adjusting the gas flow rate by sliding the capillary 8 rather than by a valve makes it easier to place the driving and measuring members away from the nebulizer, which is in a corrosive zone in a certain number of applications.

Landscapes

  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
  • Investigating, Analyzing Materials By Fluorescence Or Luminescence (AREA)
EP91402548A 1990-09-27 1991-09-25 Nébuliseur pneumatique Ceased EP0478448A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9011932 1990-09-27
FR9011932A FR2667254B1 (fr) 1990-09-27 1990-09-27 Nebuliseur pneumatique.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0478448A1 true EP0478448A1 (fr) 1992-04-01

Family

ID=9400711

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91402548A Ceased EP0478448A1 (fr) 1990-09-27 1991-09-25 Nébuliseur pneumatique

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US5184776A (ja)
EP (1) EP0478448A1 (ja)
JP (1) JP3410741B2 (ja)
FR (1) FR2667254B1 (ja)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0609075A1 (en) * 1993-01-28 1994-08-03 Nordson Corporation Improvements in and relating to liquid drop discharge
EP2662146A3 (de) * 2012-05-07 2017-03-08 Heraeus Medical GmbH Lavage-System mit Düse

Families Citing this family (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AUPO551397A0 (en) * 1997-03-07 1997-03-27 Varian Australia Pty Ltd Spectroscopic atomisation assembly
US6234167B1 (en) * 1998-10-14 2001-05-22 Chrysalis Technologies, Incorporated Aerosol generator and methods of making and using an aerosol generator
MY136453A (en) * 2000-04-27 2008-10-31 Philip Morris Usa Inc "improved method and apparatus for generating an aerosol"
US6883516B2 (en) 2000-04-27 2005-04-26 Chrysalis Technologies Incorporated Method for generating an aerosol with a predetermined and/or substantially monodispersed particle size distribution
US6799572B2 (en) * 2000-12-22 2004-10-05 Chrysalis Technologies Incorporated Disposable aerosol generator system and methods for administering the aerosol
US7077130B2 (en) 2000-12-22 2006-07-18 Chrysalis Technologies Incorporated Disposable inhaler system
US6491233B2 (en) 2000-12-22 2002-12-10 Chrysalis Technologies Incorporated Vapor driven aerosol generator and method of use thereof
US6681998B2 (en) 2000-12-22 2004-01-27 Chrysalis Technologies Incorporated Aerosol generator having inductive heater and method of use thereof
US6501052B2 (en) 2000-12-22 2002-12-31 Chrysalis Technologies Incorporated Aerosol generator having multiple heating zones and methods of use thereof
US6701921B2 (en) * 2000-12-22 2004-03-09 Chrysalis Technologies Incorporated Aerosol generator having heater in multilayered composite and method of use thereof
US6640050B2 (en) 2001-09-21 2003-10-28 Chrysalis Technologies Incorporated Fluid vaporizing device having controlled temperature profile heater/capillary tube
US6568390B2 (en) 2001-09-21 2003-05-27 Chrysalis Technologies Incorporated Dual capillary fluid vaporizing device
US6681769B2 (en) 2001-12-06 2004-01-27 Crysalis Technologies Incorporated Aerosol generator having a multiple path heater arrangement and method of use thereof
US6804458B2 (en) * 2001-12-06 2004-10-12 Chrysalis Technologies Incorporated Aerosol generator having heater arranged to vaporize fluid in fluid passage between bonded layers of laminate
US6701922B2 (en) 2001-12-20 2004-03-09 Chrysalis Technologies Incorporated Mouthpiece entrainment airflow control for aerosol generators
US7367334B2 (en) 2003-08-27 2008-05-06 Philip Morris Usa Inc. Fluid vaporizing device having controlled temperature profile heater/capillary tube
US7886990B2 (en) * 2005-04-22 2011-02-15 Ingo Werner Scheer Atomizing device with precisely aligned liquid tube and method of manufacture
DE102005032983B4 (de) * 2005-07-14 2007-05-31 MAX-PLANCK-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e.V. Düsenanordnung
US7700016B2 (en) * 2005-08-02 2010-04-20 Solidscape, Inc. Method and apparatus for fabricating three dimensional models
CN108518365B (zh) * 2018-02-28 2023-11-21 中国矿业大学(北京) 利用射流空化原理精准控制泡沫原液量的方法及射流空化发生器

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1693101A (en) * 1926-02-23 1928-11-27 Lory J Mildren Oil-well pump

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US955938A (en) * 1910-01-27 1910-04-26 John R Ballentine Atomizer.
US2198998A (en) * 1937-11-24 1940-04-30 Orin E Honsberger Mixing and spraying device
US3034726A (en) * 1958-07-21 1962-05-15 Renault Heating and atomizing device
US3111271A (en) * 1959-06-11 1963-11-19 Greiff Svenska Maskin Ab Control needle for a spray device
US3380705A (en) * 1965-06-28 1968-04-30 Binks Mfg Co Spray gun
US4688724A (en) * 1985-05-14 1987-08-25 Allegheny Ludlum Corporation Low pressure misting jet
US4941614A (en) * 1986-11-26 1990-07-17 Jan Ilott Nozzle for spraying equipment

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1693101A (en) * 1926-02-23 1928-11-27 Lory J Mildren Oil-well pump

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS, vol. 42, novembre 1965, pages 816,817; D.A. DAVIES et al.: "An adjustable atomizer for atomic absorption spectroscopy" *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0609075A1 (en) * 1993-01-28 1994-08-03 Nordson Corporation Improvements in and relating to liquid drop discharge
EP2662146A3 (de) * 2012-05-07 2017-03-08 Heraeus Medical GmbH Lavage-System mit Düse

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP3410741B2 (ja) 2003-05-26
JPH04260462A (ja) 1992-09-16
FR2667254B1 (fr) 1992-10-30
US5184776A (en) 1993-02-09
FR2667254A1 (fr) 1992-04-03

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