Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
  • C03C25/00—Surface treatment of fibres or filaments made from glass, minerals or slags
  • C03C25/10—Coating
  • C03C25/24—Coatings containing organic materials
  • C03C25/26—Macromolecular compounds or prepolymers
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
  • C03C25/00—Surface treatment of fibres or filaments made from glass, minerals or slags
  • C03C25/10—Coating
  • C03C25/24—Coatings containing organic materials
  • C03C25/26—Macromolecular compounds or prepolymers
  • C03C25/28—Macromolecular compounds or prepolymers obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C03C25/30—Polyolefins
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
  • C03C25/00—Surface treatment of fibres or filaments made from glass, minerals or slags
  • C03C25/10—Coating
  • C03C25/24—Coatings containing organic materials
  • C03C25/26—Macromolecular compounds or prepolymers
  • C03C25/32—Macromolecular compounds or prepolymers obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C03C25/326—Polyureas; Polyurethanes
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
  • C08J3/02—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques
  • C08J3/03—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques in aqueous media
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
  • C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
  • C09D5/02—Emulsion paints including aerosols
  • C09D5/024—Emulsion paints including aerosols characterised by the additives

Definitions

• This invention relates to impregnant or coating compositions for fibers.
• the coating compositions of the present invention are especially useful for coating continuous glass strands for use as an overwrap on a fiber optical cable.
• coating compositions are applied to the surface of the fibers for several reasons. While coating compositions are usually applied to the fibers for the purpose of protecting the fibers during processing subsequent to their formation, such compositions can also have incorporated into their compositions certain components which impart properties which facilitate their usage. Such properties which can be improved include impact strength, compressive strength, strand integrity, flexibility, toughness, and improved adherence between the fiber and a matrix resin.
• Such coated fiber are useful in overcoating or wrapping fibers or cables such as, for example, optical cables.
• glass fibers are used as an overwrap on a cable or fiber and a thermoplastic resin is solidified on the glass fibers typically by an extruded overcoat.
• a thermoplastic resin is solidified on the glass fibers typically by an extruded overcoat.
• grips are attached to the ends of the cable. Due to the poor adhesion between the braided glass overwrap and the extruded coating the grips tend to pull the extruded coating off the cable.
• the use of the thermoplastic impregnated strands prevents this by adhering to the extruded overcoat.
• An object of the present invention is to provide a slurry or coating composition for coating glass fibers useful as an overwrap or coating on cables or fibers. It is a further object to provide a coating composition which does not suffer the drawbacks of conventionally coated fibers. In cables currently produced special members are required to prevent buckling. These members are expensive and difficult to use. The thermoplastic impregnated overwrap of the present invention becomes the anti-buckling member after it is fused. It is still a futher object to provide a coating composition which can be totally bound to an extruded protective coating which typically surrounds the cable or fiber.
• the present invention provides an aqueous coating composition useful for glass strands which comprises a thermoplastic resinous dispersion with a film forming polymer.
• the coating of the present invention comprises: a thermoplastic resin (preferably polyethylene polymer powder), a surfactant, a film forming polymer (preferably a polyurethane latex polymer), a gel or thickening agent, the balanee being water.
• a thermoplastic resin preferably polyethylene polymer powder
• a surfactant preferably a polyethylene polymer powder
• a film forming polymer preferably a polyurethane latex polymer
• a gel or thickening agent preferably water.
• the thermoplastic resin polymer is suspended in the aqueous coating composition in the powdered form when coated on a bundle or strand of fibers or filaments.
• the coated strand is then wrapped around a cable or core.
• a thermoplastic jacket is extruded over the top of the cable or core.
• the heat of the molten polymer causes the thermoplastic polymer powder in the overwrap to melt and flow.
• the strand can also be preheated prior to the extrusion of the thermoplastic jacket to provide a more complete fusion of the powdered polymer on the overwrap.
• the wrapped cable stiffens imparting anti- buckling and stiffness to the cable without adding a separate stiffness member.
• the present invention achieves a desirable cable without the need to use self crosslinking resinous materials to provide partial curing or to reduce tackiness of the coating.
• the present invention further does not require the use of any lubricants.
• the aqueous coating composition is especially useful in impregnating continuous glass strands in conventional in-line or off ⁇ line coating processes.
• the present invention is employable with any glass fiber conventionally utilized for the reinforcement of polymeric resins.
• glass fibers shall mean filaments formed by attenuation of one or more streams of molten glass and to strands formed when such glass fiber filaments are gathered together in forming.
• the term shall also mean yarns and cords formed by applying and/or twisting a multiplicity of strands together and to woven and non-woven fabrics which are formed of such glass fiber strands, yarns, or cords.
• the coating formulation of the present invention is usable with conventionally available fibers.
• the glass fibers used as input to an off-line process can be sized with any conventionally known sizing composition, which is well known to those skilled in the art.
• the invention comprises an aqueous coating composition comprising, approximately, on a weight percent basis:
• Final solids content ranges from 6 to 56 weight percent.
• the coating composition is applied so as to deposit a dried coating on the fibers corresponding to about 5 to 50 weight percent of the weight of the fibers (LOI).
• aqueous coating composition comprising, approximately, on a weight percent basis:
• Final solids content ranges from 20 to 28 weight percent.
• the coating composition is applied so as to deposit a dried coating on the fibers corresponding to about 24 to 30 weight percent of the weight of the fibers (LOI).
• the thermoplastic resin used in the aqueous coating composition may be selected from among conventional thermoplastic resin powders such as, for example, polyesters, polyethylenes, polypropylenes, polyamides and other such conventional polymers available in a powdered form.
• the particle size of these powdered polymers should be less than 100 microns.
• One such material is a polyethylene polymer, Microthene FN 510 -• available from USI Chemicals Co.
• the average particle size of the thermoplastic powder is in the range of about 20 microns or less. It is desired that the resins useful for coating cables (especially optical fibers) have good impact strength, a high modulus of elasticity, good flexibility, and good adhesion to polyethylene and PVC jacketing materials.
• the surfactant used in the aqueous coating composition may be a conventional polyether polyol, such as, for example an alkyl aryl polyether alcohol sold by the trade name TRITON X 100 R available from the Rohm & Haas Co.
• the dispersible or emulsifiable film forming polymer used in the aqueous coating composition may be a conventional elastomeric polyurethane polymer, such as, for example, RUCO 2010 L available from the RUCO Polymer Corp.
• the gel or thickening agent used in the aqueous coating composition may be chosen from a wide range of conventional thickening agents.
• Drewfloc 270 a polyamide from Drew Chemical Co., has been found to be particularly useful in this application.
• the amount of water in the aqueous coating composition is that amount necessary to give a total solids (nonaqueous) content of the aqueous coating composition sufficient to coat the fibers. It is preferred to have the total solids content in the range of about 5 to 50 weight percent, most preferably about 20-28 weight percent.
• the surfactant is dissolved in about three fourths of the water forming a main mixture.
• the thermoplastic resin powder is dispersed into the main mixture.
• the film foming polymer is then added directly to the resulting main mixture.
• the thickening agent is dissolved in the remaining water, and thereafter added to the main mixture.
• the resulting aqueous coating composition has a good consistency, low viscosity, and good stability.
• the aqueous coating composition can be applied to continuous 5 strand glass fibers in conventional off-line or in-line processes. In the in-line process the coating is applied as a sizing in the fiber forming operation.
• a bundle of input strands of glass fibers are pulled through an impregnation bath comprising the aqueous coating composition.
• the excess coating composition is 0 removed by a stripper die.
• the resulting wet impregnated or coated bundle is dried in a conventional manner.
• the coated glass strands may be dried at elevated temperatures in an oven by any of the processes known to those skilled in the art to remove a substantial amount of the water. They may also be dried using a dielectric oven.
• thermoplastic resin is held to the glass fiber by the film forming polymer.
• a package is formed by taking up the dry or nearly dry strand on a winder.
• the package typically has a 5-20 percent by weight residual moisture. Further moisture is then removed by oven drying the package. The oven temperature must be below the melting point of the powdered polymer.
• the resultant coated strand is plyable and has excellent powder holding capability.
• the coated glass fiber is especially useful as an overwrap on any type of cable, or on a fiber optic cable. It is also within the contemplated scope of the present invention that the coated glass fiber can be used in any of a number of reinforcement products.
• the coated glass fiber is overwrapped on a cable or fiber in a manner known to those skilled in the art.
• a glass fiber coated with the aqueous coating composition of the present invention is superior to the conventionally coated or otherwise sized fibers currently available since the coated glass fibers have a desirably higher loading content of thermoplastic resin
• the glass strand, as coated, is flexible, and is as easily processed as conventionally sized glass fibers. It is also within the contemplated scope of the present invention that such overwrapped cable have a secondary coating or be further coated with an extrusion of some type of thermoplastic resin such that the thermoplastic resin on the glass fibers not only fuses together with itself, but also is totally bound with the secondary thermoplastic coat. This then provides a coated glass fiber which behaves both as a tension member and as a compression member. As a compression member the glass fiber overwrap on the cable serves as an antibuckling element to prevent damage to the core fiber or cable during processing, installation or in-use curing temperature cycling, especially cold temperature exposures (-40°C).
• thermoplastic polymer powder Microthene FN 510 from USI Chemicals Co. 25 alkyl aryl polyether alcohol surfactant
• the coating composition is applied onto a conventionally sized glass, here an H-15 762 sized glass available from Owens-Corning Fiberglas Corporation so as to deposit a dried coating on the fibers corresponding to about 26 weight percent of the weight of the fibers (LOI).
• LOI weight percent of the weight of the fibers
• Heating the coated fibers to about 150°C causes the adhered thermoplastic resin to flow and fuse, thereby producing a fiber reinforced product especially suitable for use as a coating or overwrap for a cable or fiber.
• the coated, cured fiber reinforced product when overwrapped on a cable provides a cable having the necessary flexibility and proper degree of stiffness for subsequent processing.
• the fiber reinforced optical fiber or cable can have a secondary coating comprising, for example a thermoplastic resinous material which further protects the optical fiber.
• a secondary coating comprising, for example a thermoplastic resinous material which further protects the optical fiber.
• the thermoplastic resinous material of the secondary coating is essentially the same thermoplastic resinous material used in the aqueous coating composition.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
• General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
• Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
• Surface Treatment Of Glass Fibres Or Filaments (AREA)
• Optical Fibers, Optical Fiber Cores, And Optical Fiber Bundles (AREA)
• Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
• Paints Or Removers (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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ID=23995180

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (9)

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• 1991
  • 1991-03-11 CA CA002037938A patent/CA2037938A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1991-03-22 EP EP91907203A patent/EP0474836A1/en not_active Withdrawn
  • 1991-03-22 WO PCT/US1991/001871 patent/WO1991015434A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1991-03-22 BR BR919105663A patent/BR9105663A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1991-03-22 JP JP3507290A patent/JPH04506541A/ja active Pending
  • 1991-03-22 KR KR1019910701707A patent/KR920702847A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1991-03-22 AU AU76608/91A patent/AU635840B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1991-03-29 CN CN91102686A patent/CN1056093A/zh active Pending
  • 1991-11-28 FI FI915621A patent/FI915621A0/fi not_active Application Discontinuation

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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