EP0473779A1 - Fan - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP0473779A1
EP0473779A1 EP90902571A EP90902571A EP0473779A1 EP 0473779 A1 EP0473779 A1 EP 0473779A1 EP 90902571 A EP90902571 A EP 90902571A EP 90902571 A EP90902571 A EP 90902571A EP 0473779 A1 EP0473779 A1 EP 0473779A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
housing
rotor
fan
air
axis
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP90902571A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0473779A4 (en
EP0473779B1 (en
Inventor
Petr Ivanovich Belomestnov
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Xeme Inc
Original Assignee
INSTITUT TEORETICHESKOI I PRIKLADNOI MEKHANIKI SIBIRSKOGO OTDELENIA AKADEMII NAUK SSSR
Xeme Inc
INST TEORETICHESKOI I PRIKLADN
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Application filed by INSTITUT TEORETICHESKOI I PRIKLADNOI MEKHANIKI SIBIRSKOGO OTDELENIA AKADEMII NAUK SSSR, Xeme Inc, INST TEORETICHESKOI I PRIKLADN filed Critical INSTITUT TEORETICHESKOI I PRIKLADNOI MEKHANIKI SIBIRSKOGO OTDELENIA AKADEMII NAUK SSSR
Publication of EP0473779A1 publication Critical patent/EP0473779A1/en
Publication of EP0473779A4 publication Critical patent/EP0473779A4/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D25/00—Pumping installations or systems
    • F04D25/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
    • F04D25/08—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the working fluid being air, e.g. for ventilation
    • F04D25/10—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the working fluid being air, e.g. for ventilation the unit having provisions for automatically changing direction of output air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D17/00—Radial-flow pumps, e.g. centrifugal pumps; Helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D17/08—Centrifugal pumps
    • F04D17/16—Centrifugal pumps for displacing without appreciable compression
    • F04D17/161—Shear force pumps

Definitions

  • the invention relates to devices that generate an air or gas overpressure for moving air or gas and relates in particular to useful fans.
  • An axial fan which contains an electric motor on whose shaft a bladed impeller is arranged.
  • the fan is equipped with a special device for performing a periodic rotation of the electric motor housing. During operation, this fan generates a noticeable aerodynamic noise which is caused by a flow separation of the blades of the rotating impeller which is characteristic of all centrifugal fans.
  • the blades of the working fan are often a source of injury if the fan impeller is approached carelessly.
  • the fan generates an eddy current directed in a certain direction, i.e. the fan covers a certain small area, which can be increased somewhat by periodically rotating the motor housing.
  • This narrow orientation of the eddy current causes subcooling of certain parts of the body in humans who are in the vicinity of the fan, and thus causes colds.
  • the basic content of the present invention is closest to a fan (PCT / SU 88/00025) which has a housing whose walls form a continuous channel.
  • a fan PCT / SU 88/00025
  • the rotor is connected to a drive shaft, for example to the electric motor shaft, and is arranged rotatably about its axis.
  • partitions are provided in the continuous channel, which are attached to the two opposite rotor sides along the rotor axis. These partitions form suction and pressure areas with the housing walls.
  • Such a fan generates two oppositely directed air currents thanks to the viscous friction forces acting in the boundary layers in addition to the surfaces of the rotating rotor disks. Since there are no major separation and vortex flows in the working zone of the same, which characterize the known turbomachines, a low level of the resulting aerodynamic noise is ensured in this fan.
  • the fan construction provides a concealed arrangement of the impeller, which eliminates the risk of accidental contact with the discs of the rotating rotor.
  • the mode of transmission of kinetic energy to the air in this fan causes the formation of laminar flows at the outlet from the fan within a wide range of rotor speeds due to small values of the hydraulic diameter of the flow channels, which represent narrow gaps between the adjacent disks.
  • the presence of two pairs of suction and pressure areas that abut each other and exist on the opposite rotor sides in the housing reduces the alignment sharpness of the escaping flows thanks to the overflow of air from the pressure areas into the adjacent suction areas, which contributes to the flow being dispersed and the harmful effects on the human organism can be reduced.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a fan with such a construction by which a free rotation of the fan housing about the rotor axis can be ensured thanks to acting aerodynamic forces, so that a dispersion of the air flow could take place in the entire room volume.
  • a fan which contains a housing, the walls of which form a continuous channel with a multi-disc rotor accommodated therein, which is connected to a drive shaft so as to be rotatable about its own axis, and with existing partition walls which act on two opposite rotor sides are arranged along the rotor axis and form suction and pressure areas with the housing walls, according to the invention the housing is arranged rotatable about the rotor axis.
  • the housing can be rotated around the rotor axis at the expense of aerodynamic forces, thereby generating air currents which are dispersed in the room and which ensure favorable air exchange in the entire room volume. so that it creates comfortable conditions that are safe for human health.
  • the fan shown in FIGS. 1, 2 contains a multi-disc rotor 1 in the form of a plurality of axially identical discs 2, the axis 3 of which is connected to a drive shaft 4.
  • An electric motor 5 is generally used as the rotary drive, as described in the present example.
  • the disks 2 of the rotor 1 are fastened to a shaft 6 with a certain gap relative to one another, which in the present embodiment is rigidly connected to the shaft 4 of the electric motor 5.
  • An embodiment with the connection of the shaft 6 of the rotor 1 to the shaft 4 of the electric motor 5 is conceivable, for example with the aid of a clutch.
  • the rotor 1 is located in a housing 7, the walls of which form a continuous channel 8 (FIG. 2) perpendicular to the axis 3 of the rotor 1.
  • two partitions 9, 10 are fastened, which are arranged on the two opposite sides of the rotor 1 along the axis 3 of the rotor 1.
  • the length of the partitions 9, 10 (FIGS. 1, 2) is the same as the height of the continuous channel 8, and the width thereof is approximately the same as the distance between the bore of the channel 8 and the disks 2 of the rotor 1.
  • the partition walls 9, 10 divide the interior of the channel 8 on each side of the rotor 1 into respective suction areas 11, 12 and pressure areas 13, 14.
  • the housing 7 (FIG. 1) is rotatably mounted on the stand 15 of the electric motor 5 in a bearing 16.
  • the electric motor 5 is installed in a base 15 in dampers 18.
  • a friction brake 19 is arranged in the base 17.
  • the fan shown in Fig. 1, 2 is operated as follows.
  • the air moves from the suction region 12, which is formed by the wall of the housing 7 and the partition 9, via the intermediate disc regions of the rotor 1 into the pressure region 14, which is from the same wall of the housing 7 and the partition 10 is formed.
  • the counter currents that arise in the housing 7 flow around the inner surfaces of the walls of the housing 7 and the surfaces of the partition walls 9 and 10, which face the pressure areas 13 and 14, and, thanks to the existing viscous friction, generate a pair of forces in which the forces on the construction of the Housing 7 created and aligned in the direction of rotation of the rotor 1.
  • the air flows entering the suction areas 11 and 12 act with the surfaces of the partition walls 9 and 10, which face the suction areas mentioned, together, whereby a pair of forces is generated, in which the forces are applied to the construction of the housing 7 and act in the opposite direction to the direction of rotation of the rotor 1.
  • the speed of the air flows in the suction areas 11, 12 is lower than in the pressure areas 13, 14.
  • the surface areas of the surfaces of the partition walls 9 and 10 around which this flow flows are significantly smaller than the sum of the surface areas of the surfaces of the opposite sides of the partition walls 9 and 10 and the walls of the housing 7.
  • the resulting moment which occurs at the Construction of the housing 7 is created together with the direction of rotation of the rotor 1, so that the housing 7, by rotating in the bearing 16 relative to the stator 15 of the electric motor 5, receives a rotational movement in this direction.
  • the air flows emerging from the same are dispersed in the surrounding space.
  • the dampers 18, on which the electric motor 5 is arranged in the base 17 absorb the vibrations which arise as a result of an imbalance of the rotor 1 which may occur, and reduce the level of the noise generated.
  • the experimental test of a test sample in a table version of the fan according to the invention with the registered construction showed that, thanks to an uninterrupted circular movement of the housing 7, which is caused by the interaction of air currents directed against one another in the rotation of the multi-disc rotor 1 and surfaces flowing around them individual elements of the Housing 7 results in an effective reduction in the alignment of the emerging air streams when they are dispersed in the surrounding space, thereby eliminating the risk of cold-related diseases in the effective zone of the fan.
  • the fan creates comfortable conditions, its function is similar to that of a fan (large fan). Almost no sound is audible.
  • the use of a friction brake 19 enables the rotational speed of the housing to be regulated, as a result of which the most favorable ventilation condition can be set.
  • the device has the property of being able to automatically increase the rotational speed of the housing in any operating state, for example when hands or other parts of the body approach one or the two pressure areas, and only for the time in which these are in the immediate vicinity of the fan outlet ducts.
  • the fan can be used in household technology to regulate air exchange in rooms, to create one for favorable and harmless air environment can be used for humans.
  • the fan can also be used to maintain the air environment required to carry out technological processes in production rooms.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Nitrogen And Oxygen Or Sulfur-Condensed Heterocyclic Ring Systems (AREA)

Abstract

The fan has a housing (7), the walls of which form a continuous duct, in which a multiple-disc rotor (1) is arranged rotatably about its own axis (3). In the duct, dividing walls are also provided which are arranged on opposite sides of the rotor (1) along the axis (3). According to the invention, the housing (7) is arranged rotatably about the axis (3) of the rotor (1). The fan is mainly intended for domestic use for regulating the change of air. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf Einrichtungen, die einen Luft- bzw. einen Gasüberdruck zur Bewegung von Luft bzw. Gas erzeugen und betrifft insbesondere zweckdienliche Lüfter.The invention relates to devices that generate an air or gas overpressure for moving air or gas and relates in particular to useful fans.

Zugrundeliegender Stand der TechnikUnderlying state of the art

Es ist ein Axiallüfter bekannt,der einen Elektromotor enthält, auf dessen Welle ein beschaufeltes Laufrad angeordnet ist. Der Lüfter ist mit einer Sondereinrichtung zur Durchführung einer periodischen Drehung des Elektromotorgehäuses ausgestattet. Dieser Lüfter erzeugt während des Betriebes ein fühlbares aerodynamisches Geräusch, das durch ein für sämtlichen Kreiselgebläse charakteristisches Umströmen der Schaufeln des umlaufenden Laufrades mit Strömungsablösung bedingt ist. Dabei stellen die Schaufeln des funktionierenden Lüfters öfters eine Verletzungsquelle bei unachtsamer Annäherung an das Lüfterlaufrad dar.An axial fan is known which contains an electric motor on whose shaft a bladed impeller is arranged. The fan is equipped with a special device for performing a periodic rotation of the electric motor housing. During operation, this fan generates a noticeable aerodynamic noise which is caused by a flow separation of the blades of the rotating impeller which is characteristic of all centrifugal fans. The blades of the working fan are often a source of injury if the fan impeller is approached carelessly.

Darüber hinaus erzeugt der Läfter einen Wirbelstrom in einer bestimmten Richtung gerichteten, d.h., der Lüfter bestreicht einen bestimmten kleinen Raumbereich, der durch periodisches Drehen des Motorgehäuses etwas vergrössert werden kann. Diese enge Ausrichtung des Wirbelstromes bedingt eine Unterkühlung bestimmter Körperteile beim Menschen, der sich in der nahen Wirkungszone des Lüfters befindet, und ruft also Erkältungen hervor.In addition, the fan generates an eddy current directed in a certain direction, i.e. the fan covers a certain small area, which can be increased somewhat by periodically rotating the motor housing. This narrow orientation of the eddy current causes subcooling of certain parts of the body in humans who are in the vicinity of the fan, and thus causes colds.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung kommt nach seinem Grundgehalt ein Lüfter (PCT/SU 88/00025) am nächsten, der ein Gehäuse besitzt, dessen Wände einen durchgehenden Kanal bilden. Im Kanal befindet sich ein Mehrscheibenrotor, der in Form einer Vielzahl von miteinander mit einem bestimmten Spalt relativ zueinander achsgleich fest verbundenen Scheiben ausgebildet ist. Der Rotor ist mit einer Antriebswelle beispielsweise mit der Elektromotorwelle verbunden und um seine Achse drehbar angeordnet. Darüber hinaus sind im durchgehenden Kanal Trennwände vorgesehen, die auf den beiden gegenüberliegenden Rotorseiten entlang der Rotorachse angebracht sind. Diese Trennwände bilden mit den Gehäusewänden Saug- und Druckgebiete. Ein solcher Lüfter erzeugt dank den in den Grenzschichten neben den Oberflächen der rotierenden Rotorscheiben wirkenden Viskosreibungskräften zwei entgegengesetzt gerichtete Luftströme. Da in der Arbeitszone desselben keine grösseren Ablösungs- und Wirbelströmungen auftreten, die die bekannten Strömungsmaschinen charakterisieren, wird in diesem Lüfter ein niedriger Pegel des entstehenden aerodynamischen Geräusches gewährleistet. Die Lüfterkonstruktion sieht eine verdeckte Anordnung des Laufrades vor, was die Gefahr einer zufälligen Berührung der Scheiben des umlaufenden Rotors ausschliesst. Die Übertragungsart der Bewegungsenergie auf die Luft bedingt in diesem Lüfter die Entstehung von laminaren Strömungen am Austritt aus dem Lüfter innerhalb eines weiten Rotordrehzahlbereiches infolge geringer Werte der hydraulischen Durchmesser der Strömungskanäle, die schmale Spalte zwischen den benachbarten Scheiben darstellen. Laminare Luftströme vermindern etwas den Unterkühlungsgrad einzelner Körperteile in der Wirkungszone des Lüfters und reduzieren die Erkältungswahrscheinlichkeit. Ausserdem verringert das Vorhandensein zweier Paare von Saug- und Druckgebieten, die aneinander stossen und auf den gegenüberliegenden Rotorseiten im Gehäuse bestehen, die Ausrichtungsschärfe der austretenden Ströme dank der Luftüberströmung aus den Druckgebieten in die benachbarten Sauggebiete, was dazu beiträgt, dass die Ströme zerstreut und die schädlichen Einwirkung auf den menschlichen Organismus vermindert werden.The basic content of the present invention is closest to a fan (PCT / SU 88/00025) which has a housing whose walls form a continuous channel. In the channel there is a multi-disc rotor which is in the form of a plurality of axially coincident with one another with a specific gap firmly connected discs is formed. The rotor is connected to a drive shaft, for example to the electric motor shaft, and is arranged rotatably about its axis. In addition, partitions are provided in the continuous channel, which are attached to the two opposite rotor sides along the rotor axis. These partitions form suction and pressure areas with the housing walls. Such a fan generates two oppositely directed air currents thanks to the viscous friction forces acting in the boundary layers in addition to the surfaces of the rotating rotor disks. Since there are no major separation and vortex flows in the working zone of the same, which characterize the known turbomachines, a low level of the resulting aerodynamic noise is ensured in this fan. The fan construction provides a concealed arrangement of the impeller, which eliminates the risk of accidental contact with the discs of the rotating rotor. The mode of transmission of kinetic energy to the air in this fan causes the formation of laminar flows at the outlet from the fan within a wide range of rotor speeds due to small values of the hydraulic diameter of the flow channels, which represent narrow gaps between the adjacent disks. Laminar air flows somewhat reduce the degree of hypothermia in individual parts of the body in the effective zone of the fan and reduce the likelihood of a cold. In addition, the presence of two pairs of suction and pressure areas that abut each other and exist on the opposite rotor sides in the housing reduces the alignment sharpness of the escaping flows thanks to the overflow of air from the pressure areas into the adjacent suction areas, which contributes to the flow being dispersed and the harmful effects on the human organism can be reduced.

Allerdings wird angesichts einer exakten Umverteilung der zwei parallelen Luftströme in zwei entgegengesetzte Richtungen, bei denen die Querschnittsflächengrösse den Grössen der im durchgehenden Kanal vorgesehenen Bohrungen etwa gleich ist, die scharfe Ausrichtung dieser Ströme aufrechterhalten, so dass dadurch keine für den Menschen komfortablen Bedingungen im jeweiligen Raum geschaffen werden können, die durch einen geringen, in gesamten Raumvolumen verteilten Luftaustausch zwecks Herstellung einer günstigen und für die menschlichen Gesundheit ungefährlichen Umgebung, insbesondere bei erhöhter Temperatur und Feuchtigkeit, gekennzeichnet sind.However, given an exact redistribution of the two parallel air streams in two opposite directions, in which the cross-sectional area size is approximately equal to the sizes of the holes provided in the through-channel, maintain the sharp alignment of these streams, so that no comfortable conditions in the respective room can be created by them a small, distributed air exchange throughout the room volume in order to produce a favorable and harmless environment for human health, especially at elevated temperature and humidity.

Offenbarung der ErfindungDisclosure of the invention

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Lüfter mit einer solchen Konstruktion zu schaffen, durch die eine freie Umdrehung des Lüftergehäuses um die Rotorachse dank wirkenden aerodynamischen Kräften gewährleistet, werden kann, sodass eine Zerstreuung des Luftstromes im gesamten Raumvolumen stattfinden könnte.The invention has for its object to provide a fan with such a construction by which a free rotation of the fan housing about the rotor axis can be ensured thanks to acting aerodynamic forces, so that a dispersion of the air flow could take place in the entire room volume.

Die gestellte Aufgabe wird dadurch gelöst, dass in einem Lüfter, der ein Gehäuse enthält, dessen Wände einen durchgehenden Kanal mit einem in demselben untergebrachten Mehrscheibenrotor, der mit einer Antriebswelle um die eigene Achse drehbar verbunden ist, sowie mit vorhandenen Trennwänden bilden, die auf zwei gegenüberliegenden Rotorseiten entlang der Rotorachse angeordnet sind und mit den Gehäusewänden Saug- und Druckgebiete bilden, erfindungsgemäss das Gehäuse um die Rotorachse drehbar angeordnet ist.The object is achieved in that in a fan which contains a housing, the walls of which form a continuous channel with a multi-disc rotor accommodated therein, which is connected to a drive shaft so as to be rotatable about its own axis, and with existing partition walls which act on two opposite rotor sides are arranged along the rotor axis and form suction and pressure areas with the housing walls, according to the invention the housing is arranged rotatable about the rotor axis.

Im erfindungsgemässen Lüfter wird das Gehäuse dank der Ausführung dieses Gehäuses mit einer Drehungsmöglichkeit um die Rotorachse auf Kosten von aerodynamischen Kräften in Drehung versetzt, wodurch im Raum zerstreute Luftströme erzeugt werden, die einen günstigen Luftaustausch im gesamten Raumvolumen gewährleisten, so dass dadurch komfortable und für die menschliche Gesundheit ungefährliche Bedingungen geschaffen werden.In the fan according to the invention, thanks to the design of this housing, the housing can be rotated around the rotor axis at the expense of aerodynamic forces, thereby generating air currents which are dispersed in the room and which ensure favorable air exchange in the entire room volume. so that it creates comfortable conditions that are safe for human health.

Kurze Beschreibung von ZeichnungenBrief description of drawings

In folgendem wird die Erfindung in der Beschreibung eines konkreten Ausführungsbeispiels derselben unter Bezugnahme auf die beiliegenden Zeichnungen erläutert, in denen es zeigt:

  • Fig. 1 die Gesamtansicht eines erfindungsgemässen Lüfters, im Längsschnitt;
  • Fig. 2 einen Schnitt nach der Linie A-A von Fig. 1:
In the following the invention will be explained in the description of a concrete embodiment of the same with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it shows:
  • Figure 1 shows the overall view of a fan according to the invention, in longitudinal section.
  • 2 shows a section along the line AA of FIG. 1:

Bevorzugte Ausführungsvariante der ErfindungPreferred embodiment variant of the invention

Der in Fig. 1, 2 dargestellte Lüfter enthält einen Mehrscheibenrotor 1 in Form einer Vielzahl von achsgleichen Scheiben 2, deren Achse 3 mit einer Antriebswelle 4 verbunden ist. Als Drehantrieb dient in der Regel ein Elektromotor 5, wie dies im vorliegenden Beispiel beschrieben ist.The fan shown in FIGS. 1, 2 contains a multi-disc rotor 1 in the form of a plurality of axially identical discs 2, the axis 3 of which is connected to a drive shaft 4. An electric motor 5 is generally used as the rotary drive, as described in the present example.

Die Scheiben 2 des Rotors 1 sind an einer Welle 6 mit einem bestimmten Spalt relativ zueinander befestigt, die in der vorliegenden Ausführungsform mit der Welle 4 des Elektromotors 5 starr verbunden ist. Denkbar ist eine Ausführungsform mit der Verbindung der Welle 6 des Rotors 1 mit der Welle 4 des Elektromotors 5 beispielsweise mit Hilfe einer Kupplung. Der Rotor 1 befindet sich in einem Gehäuse 7, dessen Wände einen zur Achse 3 des Rotors 1 senkrechten durchgehenden Kanal 8 (Fig. 2) bilden. Im Kanal 8 sind zwei Trennwände 9, 10 befestigt, die auf den zwei gegenüberliegenden Seiten des Rotors 1 entlang der Achse 3 des Rotors 1 angeordnet sind. Die Länge der Trennwände 9, 10 (Fig. 1, 2) ist der Höhe des durchgehenden Kanals 8 gleich, und die Breite derselben ist etwa dem Abstand der Bohrung des Kanals 8 von den Scheiben 2 des Rotors 1 gleich.The disks 2 of the rotor 1 are fastened to a shaft 6 with a certain gap relative to one another, which in the present embodiment is rigidly connected to the shaft 4 of the electric motor 5. An embodiment with the connection of the shaft 6 of the rotor 1 to the shaft 4 of the electric motor 5 is conceivable, for example with the aid of a clutch. The rotor 1 is located in a housing 7, the walls of which form a continuous channel 8 (FIG. 2) perpendicular to the axis 3 of the rotor 1. In the channel 8, two partitions 9, 10 are fastened, which are arranged on the two opposite sides of the rotor 1 along the axis 3 of the rotor 1. The length of the partitions 9, 10 (FIGS. 1, 2) is the same as the height of the continuous channel 8, and the width thereof is approximately the same as the distance between the bore of the channel 8 and the disks 2 of the rotor 1.

Die Trennwände 9, 10 unterteilen den Innenraum des Kanals 8 auf jeder Seite des Rotors 1 in jeweilige Sauggebiete 11, 12 und Druckgebiete 13, 14.The partition walls 9, 10 divide the interior of the channel 8 on each side of the rotor 1 into respective suction areas 11, 12 and pressure areas 13, 14.

Das Gehäuse 7 (Fig. 1) ist an dem Ständer 15 des Elektromotors 5 in einem Lager 16 drehbar montiert. Der Elektromotor 5 ist in einem Sockel 15 in Dämpfern 18 installiert.The housing 7 (FIG. 1) is rotatably mounted on the stand 15 of the electric motor 5 in a bearing 16. The electric motor 5 is installed in a base 15 in dampers 18.

Im Sockel 17 ist eine Reibungsbremse 19 angeordnet.A friction brake 19 is arranged in the base 17.

Der in Fig. 1, 2 dargestellte Lüfter wird wie folgt betrieben.The fan shown in Fig. 1, 2 is operated as follows.

Bei der Umdrehung des am Ende der Welle 4 des Elektromotors 5 befestigten Rotors 1 in der durch einen Pfeil B angedeuteten Richtung (Fig. 2) bewegt sich die Luft im Gehäuse 7 des Lüfters dank den wirkenden Viskosreibungskräften, die in den Grenzschichten an den Oberflächen der Scheiben 2 entstehen, in zwei entgegengesetzten Richtungen, wobei zwei durch die Pfeile C und D angedeutete Gegenströme entstehen. In der einen Richtung bewegt sich die Luft aus dem Sauggebiet 11, die von der Wand des Gehäuses 7 und der Trennwand 10 gebildet ist, in das Druckgebiet 13, das von derselben Wand des Gehäuses 7 und der Trennwand 9 gebildet ist. In der anderen Richtung bewegt sich die die Luft aus dem Sauggebiet 12, das von der Wand des Gehäuses 7 und der Trennwand 9 gebildet ist, über die Zwischenscheibengebiete des Rotors 1 in das Druckgebiet 14, das von derselben Wand des Gehäuses 7 und der Trennwand 10 gebildet ist. Die im Gehäuse 7 entstehenden Gegenströme umströmen, die Innenflächen der Wände des Gehäuses 7 und die Oberflächen der Trennwände 9 und 10, die den Druckgebieten 13 und 14 zugewandt sind, und erzeugen dank der vorhandenen Viskosreibung ein Kräftepaar, bei dem die Kräfte an der Konstruktion des Gehäuses 7 angelegt und in der Drehrichtung des Rotors 1 ausgerichtet sind.During the rotation of the rotor 1 attached to the end of the shaft 4 of the electric motor 5 in the direction indicated by an arrow B (FIG. 2), the air in the housing 7 of the fan moves thanks to the viscous friction forces acting in the boundary layers on the surfaces of the Discs 2 arise in two opposite directions, two counter currents indicated by arrows C and D being produced. In one direction, the air moves from the suction region 11, which is formed by the wall of the housing 7 and the partition 10, into the pressure region 13, which is formed by the same wall of the housing 7 and the partition 9. In the other direction, the air moves from the suction region 12, which is formed by the wall of the housing 7 and the partition 9, via the intermediate disc regions of the rotor 1 into the pressure region 14, which is from the same wall of the housing 7 and the partition 10 is formed. The counter currents that arise in the housing 7 flow around the inner surfaces of the walls of the housing 7 and the surfaces of the partition walls 9 and 10, which face the pressure areas 13 and 14, and, thanks to the existing viscous friction, generate a pair of forces in which the forces on the construction of the Housing 7 created and aligned in the direction of rotation of the rotor 1.

Ausserdem wirken die in die Sauggebiete 11 und 12 eintretenden Luftströme mit den Oberflächen der Trennwände 9 und 10 die den genannten Sauggebieten zugewandt sind, zusammen, wodurch ein Kräftepaar erzeugt wird, bei dem die Kräfte an der Konstruktion des Gehäuses 7 angelegt sind und in der zur Umlaufrichtung des Rotors 1 entgegengesetzten Richtung wirken. Aus der Bedingung der Stetigkeit der Strömungen in den Sauggebieten 11 und 12, die grössere Querschnittsflächen als die Druckgebiete 13, 14 besitzen, ergibt sich, dass die Geschwindigkeit der Luftströme in den Sauggebieten 11, 12 geringer als in den Druckgebieten 13, 14 ist. Darüber hinaus sind auch die Flächeninhalte der von diesem Strömen umströmten Oberflächen der Trennwände 9 und 10 bedeutend kleiner als die Summe der Flächeninhalte der Oberflächen der gegenüberliegenden Seiten der Trennwände 9 und 10 sowie der Wände des Gehäuses 7. Deshalb fällt das resultierende Moment, das an der Konstruktion des Gehäuses 7 angelegt wird, mit der Drehrichtung des Rotors 1 zusammen, so dass das Gehäuse 7, indem es sich im Lager 16 relativ zum Ständer 15 des Elektromotors 5 dreht, eine Drehbewegung in dieser Richtung erhält. Infolge einer ununterbrochenen Kreisbewegung des Lüftergehäuses 7 zerstreuen sich die aus demselben austretenden Luftströme im umgebenden Raum. Bei der Umdrehung des Rotors 1 und des Gehäuses 7 nehmen die Dämpfer 18, auf denen der Elektromotor 5 im Sockel 17 angeordnet ist, die Vibrationen auf, die infolge einer eventuell auftretenden Unwucht des Rotors 1 entstehen, und setzen den Pegel des erzeugten Geräusches herab.In addition, the air flows entering the suction areas 11 and 12 act with the surfaces of the partition walls 9 and 10, which face the suction areas mentioned, together, whereby a pair of forces is generated, in which the forces are applied to the construction of the housing 7 and act in the opposite direction to the direction of rotation of the rotor 1. From the condition of the continuity of the flows in the suction areas 11 and 12, which have larger cross-sectional areas than the pressure areas 13, 14, it follows that the speed of the air flows in the suction areas 11, 12 is lower than in the pressure areas 13, 14. In addition, the surface areas of the surfaces of the partition walls 9 and 10 around which this flow flows are significantly smaller than the sum of the surface areas of the surfaces of the opposite sides of the partition walls 9 and 10 and the walls of the housing 7. Therefore, the resulting moment which occurs at the Construction of the housing 7 is created together with the direction of rotation of the rotor 1, so that the housing 7, by rotating in the bearing 16 relative to the stator 15 of the electric motor 5, receives a rotational movement in this direction. As a result of an uninterrupted circular movement of the fan housing 7, the air flows emerging from the same are dispersed in the surrounding space. During the rotation of the rotor 1 and the housing 7, the dampers 18, on which the electric motor 5 is arranged in the base 17, absorb the vibrations which arise as a result of an imbalance of the rotor 1 which may occur, and reduce the level of the noise generated.

Die experimentelle Prüfung eines Versuchsmusters in einer Tischausführung des erfindungsgemässen Lüfters mit der angemeldeten Konstruktion ergab, dass dank einer ununterbrochenen Kreisbewegung des Gehäuses 7, die sich durch die Zusammenwirkung von in demselben bei der Umdrehung des Mehrscheibenrotors 1 entstehenden, gegeneinander gerichteten Luftströmen und von diesen umströmten Oberflächen einzelner Elemente des Gehäuses 7 ergibt, eine effektive Verringerung der Ausrichtungsschärfe der austretenden Luftströme bei deren Zerstreuung im umgebenden Raum erzielt wird, wodurch die Gefahr von durch Erkältungen hervorgerufenen Erkrankungen in der Wirkungszone des Lüfters beseitigt ist. Durch den Lüfter werden komfortable Bedingungen geschaffen, seine Funktion ist der eines Fächers (Grossfächers) ähnlich. Es ist so gut wie kein Geräusch hörbar. Die Anwendung einer Reibungsbremse 19 ermöglicht eine Regelung der Umdrehungsgeschwindigkeit des Gehäuses, wodurch ein günstigster Lüftungszustand eingestellt werden kann. Darüber hinaus besitzt die Einrichtung die Eigenschaft, die Umdrehungsgeschwindigkeit des Gehäuses in einem beliebigen Betriebszustand automatisch erhöhen zu können, so bei der Annäherung von Händen bzw. anderen Körperteilen an ein bzw. an die beiden Druckgebiete, und zwar nur für die Zeit, in welcher sich diese in unmittelbarer Nähe der Austrittskanäle des Lüfters befinden. Diese Eigenschaft, die bei einem Anstieg des Gesamtdruckes in den Druckgebieten aufgrund von in der Nähe der Luftaustrittskanäle erscheinenden Hindernissen (beispielsweise menschlichen Händen u.ä.) und demnach wirksam werdenden Viskosreibungskräften zwischen den Luftströmen und den Oberflächen der von denselben umströmten Gehäuseteilen zutage tritt, die das an der Gehäusekonstruktion angelegte Drehmoment steigern und die Umdrehung des Gehäuses beschleunigen, gewährleistet eine kurzzeitige Einwirkung der Luftströme auf die in der Nähe sogar der nächstliegenden Wirkungszone der Lüfters zufällig erscheidenden Körperteile, was deren Unterkühlung ausschliesst und somit die durch dieselbe bedingten Erkältungen verhindert.The experimental test of a test sample in a table version of the fan according to the invention with the registered construction showed that, thanks to an uninterrupted circular movement of the housing 7, which is caused by the interaction of air currents directed against one another in the rotation of the multi-disc rotor 1 and surfaces flowing around them individual elements of the Housing 7 results in an effective reduction in the alignment of the emerging air streams when they are dispersed in the surrounding space, thereby eliminating the risk of cold-related diseases in the effective zone of the fan. The fan creates comfortable conditions, its function is similar to that of a fan (large fan). Almost no sound is audible. The use of a friction brake 19 enables the rotational speed of the housing to be regulated, as a result of which the most favorable ventilation condition can be set. In addition, the device has the property of being able to automatically increase the rotational speed of the housing in any operating state, for example when hands or other parts of the body approach one or the two pressure areas, and only for the time in which these are in the immediate vicinity of the fan outlet ducts. This property, which becomes apparent when the total pressure in the pressure areas rises due to obstacles appearing near the air outlet ducts (for example human hands and the like) and consequently effective viscous frictional forces between the air streams and the surfaces of the housing parts around which they flow Increasing the torque applied to the housing construction and accelerating the rotation of the housing ensures a short-term effect of the air currents on the body parts that randomly emerge in the vicinity of even the closest effective zone of the fans, which prevents their hypothermia and thus prevents the colds caused by them.

Gewerbliche AnwendbarkeitIndustrial applicability

Der Lüfter kann in der Haushaltstechnik zum Regeln des Luftaustausches in Räumen, zum Schaffen einer für den Menschen günstigen und ungefährlichen Luftumgebung angewendet werden.The fan can be used in household technology to regulate air exchange in rooms, to create one for favorable and harmless air environment can be used for humans.

Der Lüfter kann auch zum Aufrechterhalten der für die Durchführung technologischer Prozesse in Produktionsräumen erforderlichen Luftumgebung eingesetzt werden.The fan can also be used to maintain the air environment required to carry out technological processes in production rooms.

Claims (1)

Lüfter, der ein Gehäuse (7) enthält, dessen Wände einen durchgehenden Kanal (8) mit einem in demselben untergebrachten Mehrscheibenrotor (1), der mit einer Antriebswelle (4) um die eigene Achse (3) drehbar verbunden ist, und Trennwänden (9, 10) bilden, die auf zwei gegenüberliegenden Seiten des Rotors (1) entlang der Rotorachse (3) angeordnet sind und mit den Wänden des Gehäuses (7) Saug- und Druckgebiete bilden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gehäuse (7) um die Achse (3) des Rotors (1) drehbar angeordnet ist.Fan, which contains a housing (7), the walls of which have a continuous channel (8) with a multi-disc rotor (1) accommodated therein, which is connected to a drive shaft (4) so as to be rotatable about its own axis (3), and partition walls (9 , 10), which are arranged on two opposite sides of the rotor (1) along the rotor axis (3) and form suction and pressure areas with the walls of the housing (7), characterized in that the housing (7) around the axis (3) of the rotor (1) is rotatably arranged.
EP90902571A 1989-10-16 1989-10-16 Fan Expired - Lifetime EP0473779B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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PCT/SU1989/000268 WO1991005956A1 (en) 1989-10-16 1989-10-16 Fan

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EP0473779A4 EP0473779A4 (en) 1992-04-08
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CN111442394A (en) * 2019-01-17 2020-07-24 青岛海尔空调器有限总公司 Indoor machine of floor air conditioner

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CN111442394A (en) * 2019-01-17 2020-07-24 青岛海尔空调器有限总公司 Indoor machine of floor air conditioner

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE58909374D1 (en) 1995-09-07
EP0473779A4 (en) 1992-04-08
JPH06502464A (en) 1994-03-17
US5240371A (en) 1993-08-31
FI912890A0 (en) 1991-06-14
EP0473779B1 (en) 1995-08-02
WO1991005956A1 (en) 1991-05-02

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