EP0472930B1 - Pneumatic classifier, preferably a vertical one - Google Patents

Pneumatic classifier, preferably a vertical one Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0472930B1
EP0472930B1 EP91112707A EP91112707A EP0472930B1 EP 0472930 B1 EP0472930 B1 EP 0472930B1 EP 91112707 A EP91112707 A EP 91112707A EP 91112707 A EP91112707 A EP 91112707A EP 0472930 B1 EP0472930 B1 EP 0472930B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
outlet
classifier
casing
wheel
pneumatic
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP91112707A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0472930A3 (en
EP0472930A2 (en
Inventor
Roland Dr.-Ing. Nied
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority claimed from DE4024440A external-priority patent/DE4024440A1/en
Priority claimed from DE4025247A external-priority patent/DE4025247A1/en
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0472930A2 publication Critical patent/EP0472930A2/en
Priority claimed from US07/900,310 external-priority patent/US5244481A/en
Publication of EP0472930A3 publication Critical patent/EP0472930A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0472930B1 publication Critical patent/EP0472930B1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B7/00—Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents
    • B07B7/08—Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents using centrifugal force
    • B07B7/083—Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents using centrifugal force generated by rotating vanes, discs, drums, or brushes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B11/00—Arrangement of accessories in apparatus for separating solids from solids using gas currents
    • B07B11/06—Feeding or discharging arrangements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a preferably vertical air classifier with the features of the first part of independent claim 1, which consequently has a rotating classifier wheel against which centrifugal force flows radially from the outside inwards from the fine material-laden classifier air, from which this classifier air flows axially in order to an outlet pipe for further use, e.g. to be supplied in a filter or the like, the classifying wheel having a cover disk and blades arranged on its outer circumference and a means for reducing the circumferential components of the flow being provided between the classifying wheel outlet and the outlet pipe.
  • Such air classifiers are known (e.g. US-A-2,968,401).
  • the means of breaking down the peripheral components of the flow is a spiral casing.
  • a general aspect of the present invention is to design such an air classifier in such a way that the flow conditions are improved in order to save energy, in order to improve the effectiveness with regard to the separation performance and in order to enable a compact construction.
  • the flow rate should be able to be changed to take account of special operating conditions compared to the values which are inevitable when the two cover disks or at least their sides or surfaces facing one another run parallel to one another, as is the case with known air classifiers.
  • the outlet connection is firmly connected to one cover disk of the classifying wheel and its gas inlet end on the suction side protrudes into the classifying wheel area between the cover plates and inside the blade ring.
  • the outlet nozzle and with it the classifying wheel are suspended in an axial and radial bearing in the classifier housing, and the drive of the classifying wheel is connected to it in a non-positive and positive manner via the outlet pipe.
  • the outlet nozzle is widened in cross-section, the transition between the two sections of the outlet nozzle being well rounded in order to avoid eddy formation.
  • US-A-3,237,766 discloses various versions of a classifier with a classifying wheel through which a classifying wheel flows from the outside inward, and which offer the possibility of adjusting the ratio between the towing force and centrifugal force is common in the flow channels between the two cover disks and the blades of the classifying wheel.
  • the coarse particles were removed from the original raw gas stream and removed from the separator housing.
  • the remaining raw gas stream with the smaller, lighter-weight particles remaining in it flows into the air classifier according to FIG. 1 or according to FIG. 2, but these smaller, lighter-weight particles are also different with regard to their size or weight, that is to say with regard to their mass.
  • a classifying wheel which in turn has a first cover plate 1 on the outflow side, which is upper in the case of a vertical arrangement of the classifier, and a second cover plate 2 which is axially offset with respect thereto and in the case of a vertical arrangement of the classifier.
  • Such classifying wheels are known per se, so that further explanations for the formation of the vanes 3 do not have to be made. They are fixedly arranged on the outer circumference of the outflow-side and second cover disks 1, 2 by holding the two cover disks together, for example by bolts, and holding the blades between them. Cover disks and blades form the classifying wheel rotating about its longitudinal axis 4.
  • This longitudinal axis 4 can in principle stand vertically and mark a standing classifier or it can lie horizontally and mark a lying wind classifier.
  • the outlet connection 5 is firmly connected to the outflow-side cover disk 1. It is inserted as a dip tube with section 6 into the interior of the sight wheel 1 to 3, in order to be connected in a rotationally fixed manner within the classifying wheel to the cover disk 1 on the outflow side.
  • the outlet nozzle above the cover plate 1 is widened in a funnel shape; Arrows and outflows of the visual air enriched with fine dust coming from a separator are indicated by arrows 8.9.
  • the classifying wheel and the outlet port 5 assigned to the classifying wheel are arranged in a housing which consists of a pot-shaped lower part 10 and an upper cover 11.
  • the two housing parts 10, 11 lie one above the other in peripheral flanges 12, 13 and are detachably connected to one another by screw connections 14 inserted through these peripheral flanges.
  • the lower housing part 10 has a lateral bracket 15, in which the cover 11 is pivotally mounted about its longitudinal axis by means of a pin 16. To pivot the cover 11 about the longitudinal axis of the pin 16, the screw connections 14 inserted through the flanges 12, 13 are loosened.
  • the cover 11 is provided with a neck-shaped extension 17, in which the outlet connection 5, with an upper, cylindrical tubular section 18, is rotatably mounted about its longitudinal axis in two axially offset bearings 19, 20.
  • the outlet connection is connected to a vacuum source, not shown.
  • the drive torque for the compressor wheel is partially introduced at the upper end of the outlet connection 5, 6 or 18, for which purpose, for example, outside the upper end of the neck-shaped extension 17, which is releasably closed by a cover a pulley 21 connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the outlet connection piece and a drive belt 22 acting thereon are shown; in part, the drive torque is also introduced via the second cover disk 2, in that a belt drive 30, 31 is assigned to a bearing bolt 24 of the cover disk 2 outside a shoulder 27 of the bearing housing part 10.
  • the belt drives 21, 22 on the one hand and 30, 31 on the other hand are matched to one another in such a way that the two cover disks 2, 3 are driven at the same speed or in a desired different speed ratio.
  • the second cover disk 2 which is lower in the case of a vertical arrangement of the air classifier, is fastened to the bearing bolt 24 by means of a pin 23, which is rotatably supported in bearings 25, 26 in the neck-shaped extension 27 of the lower housing part 10 about its longitudinal axis.
  • a guide tube 32 is arranged concentrically with the rim of the blades 3 and outside of this blade rim and is held with support blades 33 in the lower housing part 10 such that it concentrically surrounds the blade rim 3.
  • an inlet connection 34 opens radially into the lower housing part 10 directly above the housing base for introducing the classifying air.
  • an inlet connection 35 for the material opens radially into the lower housing part 10 and is conveyed into the housing by means of an inlet screw 36 arranged in the inlet connection 35.
  • the classifying air enters through the connecting piece 34, the material through the connecting piece 35 into the lower housing part 10, whereupon the classifying air enriched with good through the annular channel 37 between the guide tube 32 and the wall of the lower part 10 through a manifold 38 is supplied in the housing cover 11, in which a flow reversal takes place.
  • the well-enriched classifying air now reaches the area inside the guide tube 32 in order to be sucked in from there in the radial direction into the classifying wheel, where the coarse-grained material is separated on the blades 3, so that classifying material laden with fine material enters the classifying wheel.
  • This fine air-laden sight air is deflected in the sight wheel in an axial flow direction and is now sucked out through the dip tube 5.
  • the fine material is also filtered out of the air in a filter downstream of the dip tube section 18.
  • the material that is too coarse passes along the second cover plate 2 into the area below the second cover plate 2 in order to be further processed from there in a suitable manner. It is removed from the classifier housing at a suitable point and in a suitable manner, but this will not be explained in detail because it is not part of the invention.
  • the interior of the housing 10, 11 is easily accessible and cleaning and maintenance, in particular of the classifying wheel part with the upper cover disc 1 and the blades 3 removed from the lower cover disc 2 and, if appropriate, its repair are easily possible.
  • the entire vertical wind sifter is enclosed by a housing which essentially consists of the upper housing part 40 and the lower housing part 41.
  • Upper housing part 40 and lower housing part 41 are each provided with an outwardly directed peripheral flange 42 and 43 on the upper and lower edge.
  • the two flanges 42, 43 lie on one another and are fixed against one another by suitable means.
  • suitable means for fixing are, for example, screw connections. Clamps or the like can also serve as releasable fastening means.
  • both flanges are connected to one another by a joint 44 in such a way that the upper housing part 40 can be pivoted upwards in the direction of arrow 45 relative to the lower housing part 41 after the flange connection means have been released, and the upper housing part 40 from below, the lower housing part 41 is accessible from above.
  • the lower housing part 41 in turn is formed in two parts and it consists essentially of the cylindrical visible space housing 46 with the flange 43 at its upper open end and the discharge cone 47, which tapers conically downwards.
  • the discharge cone 47 and the viewing space housing 46 lie on top of one another at the upper and lower ends with flanges 48, 49 and both flanges 48, 49 of the discharge cone 47 and the viewing space housing 46 are the same the flanges 43, 44 connected to one another by releasable fastening means.
  • the classifier housing assembled in this way is suspended in support arms 50, several of which are distributed as uniformly as possible over the circumference of the compressor housing and act on the cylindrical classroom housing 46.
  • An essential part of the built-in housing of the air classifier is in turn the classifying wheel with the upper cover plate 1, the axially spaced-apart lower outflow-side cover plate 2 and those arranged between the outer edges of the two cover plates 1, 2, firmly connected to them and evenly distributed over the circumference of the classifying wheel Buckets 3 appropriate contour.
  • the driving of the classifying wheel is effected via the upper cover plate 1, while the lower cover plate 2 is the cover plate on the outflow side.
  • the bearing of the classifying wheel comprises an expediently forcibly driven shaft 51, which is led out of the classifier housing with the upper end and carries the classifying wheel in a rotationally fixed manner within the classifier housing in a rotationally fixed position.
  • the sight wheel shaft 51 is led out of the classifier housing in a pair of machined plates 52, 53, which close off the housing at the upper end of an upwardly frustoconical housing end section 54, guide the shaft and seal this shaft passage without obstructing the rotational movements of the shaft.
  • the upper plate 53 can expediently be assigned as a flange to the shaft 51 in a rotationally fixed manner and can be rotatably supported on the lower plate 52, which in turn is assigned to the housing end section 54, via rotary bearings 55.
  • the underside of the downstream cover plate 2 lies in the common plane between the flanges 43, 44 so that the classifying wheel is arranged in its entirety within the foldable upper housing part.
  • the upper housing part 40 also has the product feed port 56, which is a tube, the longitudinal axis of which runs parallel to the axis of rotation of the classifying wheel 1-3 and its drive shaft 51 and which is arranged as far out as possible.
  • the viewing space housing 46 accommodates the tubular outlet connection 57 which is arranged coaxially with the viewing wheel and which lies with its upper end just below the outflow-side cover disk 2 of the viewing wheel, but without being connected to it.
  • an outlet chamber 58 is attached with the same axis, which is also tubular, but the diameter of which is considerably larger than the diameter of the outlet connector 57 and is at least twice as large as the diameter of the outlet connector.
  • the outlet nozzle is inserted into an upper cover plate 59 of the outlet chamber 58, at the bottom the outlet chamber 58 is closed by a removable cover 60.
  • outlet nozzle 57 and outlet chamber 58 is held in a plurality of support arms 61 which are distributed in a star shape uniformly over the circumference of the unit, with their inner ends in the region of the outlet nozzle firmly connected to the unit and with their outer ends attached to the classifier housing.
  • the outlet connection 57 is surrounded by a conical ring housing 62, the lower, larger outer diameter of which corresponds at least approximately to the diameter of the outlet chamber and the upper, smaller outer diameter of which corresponds at least approximately to the diameter of the classifying wheel.
  • the support arms 61 end on the conical wall of the ring housing 62 and are firmly connected to this wall, which in turn is part of the structural unit comprising the outlet connection 57 and the outlet chamber 58.
  • the support arms 61 and the ring housing 62 are parts of a purge air device, the purge air preventing the penetration of matter from the interior of the view space housing 46 into the gap between the view wheel or its lower cover plate 2 and outlet connection 57.
  • the support arms 61 are designed as tubes, with their outer end sections being led through the wall of the classifier housing and connected via a suction filter 63 to a scavenging air source.
  • the ring housing 62 is closed at the top by a perforated plate 64 and the gap itself can be adjustable by an axially adjustable ring disk in the area between the perforated plate 64 and the lower cover disk 2 of the sight wheel 1, 2, 3.
  • the outlet from the outlet chamber 58 is formed by a tube 65, which is guided into the view chamber housing 46 from the outside and is connected to the outlet chamber 58 in a tangential arrangement.
  • a deflecting cone 66 serves to clad the opening of the fine material discharge pipe 65 to the outlet chamber 58.
  • the visible air inlet spiral 67 and the coarse material discharge 68 are assigned to the part housing 47 in a horizontal arrangement.
  • the direction of rotation of the sight air inlet spiral 67 is opposite to the direction of rotation of the sight wheel.
  • the coarse material discharge 68 is detachably assigned to the partial housing 47, a flange 69 being assigned to the lower end of the partial housing 47 and a flange 70 being assigned to the upper end of the coarse material discharge 61, and both flanges are in turn releasably connected to one another by known means when the classifier is ready for operation.
  • the dispersion zone to be designed is designated 71.
  • Machined (chamfered) flanges on the inner edge for a clean flow and a simple lining are marked with 72.
  • an interchangeable protective tube 73 is placed as a wearing part on the inner wall of the outlet connection 57 and a corresponding interchangeable protective tube 74 can be placed on the inner wall of the outlet chamber 58.
  • classifying air is introduced into the wind classifier via the classifying air inlet spiral 67 under a pressure drop and at an appropriately selected entry speed.
  • the classifying air rises in a spiral upwards into the region of the classifying wheel 1-3.
  • the "product" is made up of solid particles different mass entered via the product feed port 56 in the classifier housing. From this product, the coarse material, ie the proportion of particles with a larger mass against the visible air, reaches the area of the coarse material discharge 68 and is made available for further processing.
  • the fine material that is to say the proportion of particles with a lower mass, is mixed with the classifying air, passes radially from the outside inwards through the classifying wheel into the outlet connection 57, into the outlet chamber 58 and finally via the fine material outlet pipe 65 into the fine material outlet, and from there into a filter, in which air and fines are separated.
  • Coarser fines constituents are thrown radially out of the classifying wheel and mixed with the coarse material in order to leave the housing with the coarse material or to circle in the classifier housing until it has become a fine material of such a grain that it is discharged with the classifying air.
  • the classifier can in turn be well maintained by dividing the classifier housing in the manner described and the assignment of the classifier components to the individual partial housings, and components which have become defective can be replaced with relatively little effort and within short maintenance times.
  • the sight wheel with the two cover disks 1, 2 and the blade ring 3 arranged between them is shown in the overall arrangements according to FIG. 1, in a known, customary form with parallel and parallel-area cover disks, the sight wheel for FIG Air classifier designed according to the invention.
  • the outflow-side cover disk 1 is unchanged and is arranged in a plane which runs perpendicular to the axis of rotation 4 of the classifying wheel and the longitudinal axis of the classifier, regardless of whether the axis of rotation and longitudinal axis 4 is vertical or horizontal. It concentrically surrounds the outlet connection 5. From the cover disk 1 on the outflow side, the blades 3 are directed from there toward the second cover disk 2. The blades 3 are connected to both cover disks 1, 2.
  • the lower cover plate 2 is now conical, preferably in such a way that the distance between the second cover plate 2 and the outflow-side cover plate 1 from the rim of the blades 3 increases, preferably again continuously and preferably so that the area of the flow through the cylinder jacket remains constant for each radius between the blade outlet edges and outlet nozzle 5.
  • the outflow velocity which decreases due to the decreasing radius in known solutions, remains constant with this solution.
  • the classifying wheel 1 to 3 can be designed as shown in FIG. 3 both in the classifier design according to FIG. 1 and in the classifier design according to FIG. 2 requires no special explanation. It should only be borne in mind that in the case of the classifier according to FIG. 1, the classifying wheel is installed as shown in FIG. 3 ("outflow-side upper cover plate” is class 1), while in the classifier according to FIG. 2 the classifying wheel is opposite the illustration 3 is installed rotated by 180 ° (the "downstream cover plate” 1 is the lower cover plate in the installed state).
  • connection between the downstream cover plate (upper cover plate 1 in FIG. 1 or lower cover plate 2 in FIG. 2) and outlet connection 18 (FIG. 1) or 20 (FIG. 2) also in the classifier design according to FIG 2 can be designed as shown in the classifier arrangement according to FIG. 1, it has to be imagined that the outlet connection 57 and the outlet chamber 58 are connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the lower cover plate 2 of the classifying wheel and the arms 61 are so spaced from the ring housing 62 that rotary movements of the outlet nozzle 57 and the outlet chamber 58 are possible together with the classifying wheel 1-3, whereby a ring bearing can have a centering function.
  • the structural connection between the outlet chamber 58 and the fine material discharge pipe 65 must be removed without impairing the fluid transfer.
  • FIG. 1 is associated with FIG. 4, which shows this area larger.
  • the outlet connection 5 initially opens as in FIG. 1 into the tube section 18, which, however, still has a clear, chamber-like cross-sectional widening in the region of the bearing 20.

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  • Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
  • Separating Particles In Gases By Inertia (AREA)
  • Centrifugal Separators (AREA)
  • Steroid Compounds (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Antibodies Or Antigens For Use As Internal Diagnostic Agents (AREA)
  • Confectionery (AREA)

Abstract

The subject of the invention is a preferably vertical pneumatic classifier, having a rotating classifying wheel (11) against which the classifying air which is loaded with fine material flows radially from the outside to the inside counter to the centrifugal force. The classifying air flows off out of the classifying wheel axially through an outlet connecting piece (20), in order to be supplied to a further evaluation, for example in a filter or the like. The classifying wheel has an outflow-side second cover plate which is offset axially with respect to said wheel and has blades arranged between the cover plates, on their outer circumference. The outlet connecting piece (20) which leads away from the classifying wheel (11) opens into an outlet chamber (21), the cross-section of which is significantly larger than the cross-section of the outlet connecting piece (20) so that there is a sudden change in the cross-section between the outlet connecting piece and outlet chamber. The clear height between the outflow-side cover plate (1) and second cover plate (2) of the classifying wheel preferably changes from the outlet edges of the blades (3) to the outlet connecting piece (5) in the form of an increase. In addition, the outlet connecting piece (5, 6, 18) is to be preferably inserted with an immersion pipe section (5, 6) as far as into the outflow-side cover plate (1) and connected fixed in terms of rotation to the latter.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen vorzugsweise vertikalen Windsichter mit den Merkmalen des ersten Teiles des unabhängigen Anspruchs 1, der demzufolge ein entgegen der Fliehkraft radial von außen nach innen von der feingutbeladenen Sichtluft angeströmtes rotierendes Sichterrad aufweist, aus dem diese Sichtluft axial abströmt, um durch ein Austrittsrohr einer Weiterverwertung, z.B. in einem Filter oder dergleichen, zugeführt zu werden, wobei das Sichtrad eine Deckscheibe sowie an deren Außenumfang angeordnete Schaufeln aufweist und zwischen dem Sichtradauslaß und dem Austrittsrohr ein Mittel zum Abbau der Umfangskomponenten der Strömung vorgesehen ist.The present invention relates to a preferably vertical air classifier with the features of the first part of independent claim 1, which consequently has a rotating classifier wheel against which centrifugal force flows radially from the outside inwards from the fine material-laden classifier air, from which this classifier air flows axially in order to an outlet pipe for further use, e.g. to be supplied in a filter or the like, the classifying wheel having a cover disk and blades arranged on its outer circumference and a means for reducing the circumferential components of the flow being provided between the classifying wheel outlet and the outlet pipe.

Solche Windsichter sind bekannt (z.B. US-A-2,968,401). Bei ihnen ist das Mittel zum Abbau der Umfangskomponenten der Strömung ein Spiralgehäuse.Such air classifiers are known (e.g. US-A-2,968,401). For them, the means of breaking down the peripheral components of the flow is a spiral casing.

Ein genereller Aspekt der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, einen solchen Windsichter so auszubilden, daß die Strömungsverhältnisse verbessert werden, um Energie einsparen zu können, um die Wirksamkeit bezüglich der Trennleistung zu verbessern und um eine kompakte Bauweise zu ermöglichen.A general aspect of the present invention is to design such an air classifier in such a way that the flow conditions are improved in order to save energy, in order to improve the effectiveness with regard to the separation performance and in order to enable a compact construction.

Es ist ein besonderer Aspekt der vorliegenden Erfindung, einen Windsichter in der Weise auszubilden, daß die Führung des mittels des Sichtrads vom Produktstrom abgezweigten Feingutstroms bis zum Feingutaustritt aus dem Sichtergehäuse müglichst verschleißarm erfolgt. Es ist ein weiterer Aspekt der vorliegenden Erfindung, unvermeidbare Verschleißerscheinungen bei Wartungsarbeiten am Sichter bequem feststellen zu können und sie beheben zu können. Der Windsichter soll also insoweit verschleißarm und wartungs- bzw. reparaturfreundlich sein.It is a particular aspect of the present invention to design an air classifier in such a way that the guidance of the means of the classifying wheel diverted from the product flow of fine material flow until the fine material emerges from the classifier housing with as little wear as possible. It is a further aspect of the present invention to be able to conveniently determine inevitable signs of wear during maintenance work on the classifier and to be able to remedy them. The wind sifter should therefore be low-wear and easy to maintain and repair.

Es ist ein weiterer Aspekt der vorliegenden Erfindung, für eine vergleichmäßigung der Strömung zwischen zwei Deckscheiben des Sichtrades in den Strömungskanälen zu sorgen, die von den beiden Deckscheiben und den Schaufeln begrenzt werden. Im Rahmen dieses Aspekts soll die Strömungsgeschwindigkeit zur Berücksichtigung besonderer Betriebsbedingungen gegenüber den Werten verändert werden können, die sich dann zwangsläufig einstellen, wenn die beiden Deckscheiben oder zumindest deren einander zugekehrten Seiten bzw. Flächen parallel zueinander verlaufen, wie es bei bekannten Windsichtern der Fall ist.It is a further aspect of the present invention to ensure an even flow between two cover disks of the classifying wheel in the flow channels, which are delimited by the two cover disks and the blades. Within the scope of this aspect, the flow rate should be able to be changed to take account of special operating conditions compared to the values which are inevitable when the two cover disks or at least their sides or surfaces facing one another run parallel to one another, as is the case with known air classifiers.

Es ist schließlich ein Aspekt der vorliegenden Erfindung, einen Windsichter im Bereich seines Sichtrades so auszubilden, daß Verluste infolge Relativbewegungen zwischen bewegten Teilen und feststehenden Bauteilen deutlich verringert werden.Finally, it is an aspect of the present invention to design an air classifier in the region of its classifying wheel in such a way that losses due to relative movements between moving parts and stationary components are significantly reduced.

In jedem Fall soll eine kompakte Sichterbauweise ermöglicht werden.In any case, a compact classifier design should be made possible.

Bei einem Windsichter nach der EP-A-0 369 399 ist der Austrittsstutzen mit der einen Deckscheibe des Sichtrades fest verbunden und sein ansaugseitiges Gaseintrittsende ragt in den Sichtradbereich zwischen den Deckscheiben und innerhalb des Schaufelkranzes hinein. Am abströmseitigen Ende ist der Austrittsstutzen und mit ihm das Sichtrad in einem Axial- und Radiallager im Sichtergehäuse aufgehängt und der Antrieb des Sichterrades ist mit diesem über den Austrittsstutzen kraft- und formschlüssig verbunden. In einem Bereich, der dem ansaugseitigen Ende des Austrittsstutzens näher als dem anderen Ende ist, erfährt der Austrittsstutzen eine Querschnittserweiterung, wobei der Übergang zwischen den beiden Abschnitten des Austrittstutzens gut ausgerundet ist, um Wirbelbildung zu vermeiden. Zweck der Ausbildung des Austrittsstutzens als Tauchrohr ist es, eine kompakte Sichterbauweise mit optimierten Strömungsverhältnissen zu ermöglichen und der Vorteil der Tauchrohrerweiterung ist ein Abbau der Empfangsgeschwindigkeit der Drallströmung bereits im Tauchrohr, wobei der Übergang vom engeren zum weiteren Abschnitt des Tauchrohrs bzw. Austrittsstutzens möglichst wirbelfrei erfolgen soll. Durch die US-A-3,237,766 sind verschiedene Versionen eines Sichters mit einem von außen nach innen durchströmten Sichtrad bekannt, denen die Möglichkeit der Einstellung des Verhältnisses zwischen Schleppkraft und Zentrifugalkraft in den Strömungskanälen zwischen den beiden Deckscheiben und den Schaufeln des Sichtrads gemeinsam ist. Dieses Problem ist bei zwei Versionen gelöst, denen wiederum gemeinsam ist, daß die nur noch Feingut enthaltende Abluft nach dem Verlassen des Sichtrades in ein liegendes Spiralgehäuse eintritt, aus dem sie mit einem Gebläse abgesaugt wird (Fig. 3,4 von US-A-3,237,766). Hierbei liegt die Annahme nahe, daß beim Austritt der Abluft aus einem Ring 34 und ihrem Eintritt in das Spiralgehäuse ein Querschnittssprung gegeben ist. Tatsächlich ist dies aber kein Querschnittssprung innerhalb der Strömung, weil diese im Austreten aus dem Ring 34 und dem Eintreten in das Spiralgehäuse um 90° umgelenkt wird, der Strömungsquerschnitt sich also von der lichten Weite des Rings 34 zu dem Abstand zwischen dem äußeren Rand des Rings 34 und der gegenüberliegenden Wand des Spiralgehäuses verändert und dadurch eher eine geringfügige Verringerung des Strömungsquerschnittes als eine sprunghafte Vergrößerung des Strömungsquerschnitts gegeben ist, worauf es bei der Erfindung ankommt, was sich aus der Definition der Erfindung in den Patentansprüchen und ihrer nachfolgenden Beschreibung im einzelnen ergibt.In a wind sifter according to EP-A-0 369 399, the outlet connection is firmly connected to one cover disk of the classifying wheel and its gas inlet end on the suction side protrudes into the classifying wheel area between the cover plates and inside the blade ring. At the outflow end, the outlet nozzle and with it the classifying wheel are suspended in an axial and radial bearing in the classifier housing, and the drive of the classifying wheel is connected to it in a non-positive and positive manner via the outlet pipe. In an area that is closer to the suction-side end of the outlet nozzle than the other end, the outlet nozzle is widened in cross-section, the transition between the two sections of the outlet nozzle being well rounded in order to avoid eddy formation. The purpose of designing the outlet nozzle as a dip tube is to enable a compact classifier design with optimized flow conditions and the advantage of expanding the dip tube is a reduction in the speed of reception of the swirl flow already in the dip tube, the transition from the narrower to the further section of the dip tube or outlet nozzle taking place as swirl-free as possible should. US-A-3,237,766 discloses various versions of a classifier with a classifying wheel through which a classifying wheel flows from the outside inward, and which offer the possibility of adjusting the ratio between the towing force and centrifugal force is common in the flow channels between the two cover disks and the blades of the classifying wheel. This problem is solved in two versions, which in turn have in common that the exhaust air containing only fine material, after leaving the classifying wheel, enters a lying spiral housing, from which it is extracted with a blower (FIG. 3.4 of US-A- 3,237,766). It is reasonable to assume that there is a cross-sectional jump when the exhaust air exits from a ring 34 and enters the volute casing. In fact, however, this is not a cross-sectional jump within the flow because it is deflected by 90 ° as it exits the ring 34 and enters the volute casing, that is to say the flow cross section changes from the clear width of the ring 34 to the distance between the outer edge of the ring 34 and the opposite wall of the volute changed and thereby there is a slight reduction in the flow cross-section rather than a sudden increase in the flow cross-section, what is important in the invention, which results from the definition of the invention in the claims and their detailed description below.

Die Merkmale der Erfindung ergeben sich aus dem Anspruch 1, und die Erfindung ist nachfolgend anhand der Zeichnungen näher beschrieben.The features of the invention result from claim 1, and the invention is described below with reference to the drawings.

In der Zeichnung zeigen:

Fig. 1
zur Erläuterung eines Aspekts der Erfindung einen Windsichter, wie er bei der Erfindung zur Anwendung kommt, in vertikaler Anordnung und als Mittellängsschnitt, wobei das Sichtrad noch so ausgebildet ist, wie es heute in der Praxis im allgemeinen zur Anwendung kommt,
Fig. 2
in einer Figur 1 entsprechenden Darstellung einen Windsichter in erfindungsgemäßer Bauweise, wobei jedoch das Sichtrad selbst ebenfalls noch so ausgebildet ist, wie es heute in der Praxis im allgemeinen zur Anwendung kommt, diesem Sichtrad jedoch das Auslaßrohr für das Gemisch aus Sichtluft und zumindest nahezu staubförmigen Feststoffpartikeln so zugeordnet ist, daß einem Teilaspekt der vorliegenden Erfindung Rechnung getragen ist, obwohl diese Zuordnung an sich bereits bekannt ist,
Fig. 3
in schematischer Darstellung und als Vertikalschnitt ein Sichtrad, das für einen der Aspekte der Erfindung erfindungsgemäß ausgestaltet ist und sowohl bei einem Sichter gemäß Fig. 1 als bei einem Sichter gemäß Fig. 2 zur Anwendung kommen kann und
Fig. 4
eine Einzelheit in größerer Darstellung.
The drawing shows:
Fig. 1
to explain an aspect of the invention, a wind sifter as used in the invention, in a vertical arrangement and as a central longitudinal section, the sifting wheel still being designed as is generally used in practice today,
Fig. 2
in a representation corresponding to FIG. 1, an air classifier in the design according to the invention, but the classifying wheel itself is also still designed as is generally used in practice today, but this classifying wheel is the outlet pipe for the mixture of classifying air and at least almost dust-like solid particles is assigned in such a way that a partial aspect of the present invention is taken into account, although this assignment is already known per se,
Fig. 3
in a schematic representation and as a vertical section, a classifying wheel which is designed according to the invention for one of the aspects of the invention and can be used both in a classifier according to FIG. 1 and in a classifier according to FIG. 2 and
Fig. 4
a detail in a larger representation.

Einer nicht dargestellten Abscheidevorrichtung ist ein ursprünglicher Rohgasstrom zugeführt worden, in dem grobe und feine Feststoffpartikel suspendiert waren. Die groben Partikel wurden aus dem ursprünglichen Rohgasstrom ausgeschieden und aus dem Abscheidergehäuse entfernt. Der verbleibende Rohgasstrom mit den in ihm verbliebenen kleineren, gewichtsärmeren Partikeln gelangt in den Windsichter gemäß Fig. 1 oder gemäß Fig. 2, wobei jedoch auch diese kleineren, gewichtsärmeren Partikel unterschiedlich sind bezüglich ihrer Größe bzw. ihres Gewichtes, also bezüglich ihrer Masse.An original crude gas stream, in which coarse and fine solid particles were suspended, was fed to a separating device (not shown). The coarse particles were removed from the original raw gas stream and removed from the separator housing. The remaining raw gas stream with the smaller, lighter-weight particles remaining in it flows into the air classifier according to FIG. 1 or according to FIG. 2, but these smaller, lighter-weight particles are also different with regard to their size or weight, that is to say with regard to their mass.

Der Windsichter gemäß Fig. 1 weist ein Sichtrad auf, das seinerseits eine erste, abströmseitige, bei vertikaler Anordnung des Sichters obere Deckscheibe 1 und eine dazu axial versetzte zweite, bei vertikaler Anordnung des Sichters untere Deckscheibe 2 aufweist. Zwischen den beiden Deckscheiben 1,2 befinden sich in gleichmäßigen Abständen in Umfangsrichtung Schaufeln 3. Derartige Sichträder sind an sich bekannt, so daß weitere Ausführungen zur Ausbildung der Schaufeln 3 nicht gemacht werden müssen. Sie sind am Außenumfang der abströmseitigen und zweiten Deckscheibe 1, 2 fest zwischen diesen angeordnet, indem die beiden Deckscheiben beispielsweise durch Bolzen zusammengehalten werden und zwischen sich die Schaufeln halten. Deckscheiben und Schaufeln bilden das um seine Längsachse 4 drehende Sichtrad. Diese Längsachse 4 kann grundsätzlich vertikal stehen und einen stehenden Sichter kennzeichnen oder sie kann horizontal liegen und einen liegenden Windsichter kennzeichnen. Mit der abströmseitigen Deckscheibe 1 ist der Austrittsstutzen 5 fest verbunden. Er ist als Tauchrohr mit dem Abschnitt 6 in das Innere des Sichtrades 1 bis 3 hineingeführt, um innerhalb des Sichtrades mit der abströmseitigen Deckscheibe 1 drehfest verbunden zu sein. In einem oberen Abschnitt 7 ist der Austrittsstutzen oberhalb der Deckscheibe 1 innen trichterförmig erweitert; An- und Abströmung der mit Feinstaub angereicherten von einem Abscheider kommenden Sichtluft sind durch Pfeile 8,9 gekennzeichnet.1 has a classifying wheel, which in turn has a first cover plate 1 on the outflow side, which is upper in the case of a vertical arrangement of the classifier, and a second cover plate 2 which is axially offset with respect thereto and in the case of a vertical arrangement of the classifier. There are vanes 3 between the two cover disks 1, 2 at regular intervals in the circumferential direction. Such classifying wheels are known per se, so that further explanations for the formation of the vanes 3 do not have to be made. They are fixedly arranged on the outer circumference of the outflow-side and second cover disks 1, 2 by holding the two cover disks together, for example by bolts, and holding the blades between them. Cover disks and blades form the classifying wheel rotating about its longitudinal axis 4. This longitudinal axis 4 can in principle stand vertically and mark a standing classifier or it can lie horizontally and mark a lying wind classifier. The outlet connection 5 is firmly connected to the outflow-side cover disk 1. It is inserted as a dip tube with section 6 into the interior of the sight wheel 1 to 3, in order to be connected in a rotationally fixed manner within the classifying wheel to the cover disk 1 on the outflow side. In an upper section 7, the outlet nozzle above the cover plate 1 is widened in a funnel shape; Arrows and outflows of the visual air enriched with fine dust coming from a separator are indicated by arrows 8.9.

Das Sichtrad und der dem Sichtrad zugeordnete Austrittsstutzen 5 sind in einem Gehäuse angeordnet, das aus einem topfförmigen Unterteil 10 und einem oberen Deckel 11 besteht. Die beiden Gehäuseteile 10,11 liegen in Umfangsflanschen 12,13 aufeinander und sind durch diese Umfangsflansche hindurchgesteckte Schraubverbindungen 14 lösbar miteinander verbunden. Das Gehäuseunterteil 10 weist eine seitliche Konsole 15 auf, in der der Deckel 11 mittels eines Zapfen 16 um dessen Längsachse schwenkbar gelagert ist. Zum Schwenken des Deckels 11 um die Längsachse des Zapfens 16 werden die durch die Flansche 12,13 gesteckten Schraubverbindungen 14 gelöst. Der Deckel 11 ist mit einem halsförmigen Ansatz 17 versehen, in dem der Austrittsstutzen 5 mit einem oberen, zylinderrohrförmigen Abschnitt 18 in zwei axial gegeneinander versetzten Lagern 19,20 um seine Längsachse drehbar gelagert ist.The classifying wheel and the outlet port 5 assigned to the classifying wheel are arranged in a housing which consists of a pot-shaped lower part 10 and an upper cover 11. The two housing parts 10, 11 lie one above the other in peripheral flanges 12, 13 and are detachably connected to one another by screw connections 14 inserted through these peripheral flanges. The lower housing part 10 has a lateral bracket 15, in which the cover 11 is pivotally mounted about its longitudinal axis by means of a pin 16. To pivot the cover 11 about the longitudinal axis of the pin 16, the screw connections 14 inserted through the flanges 12, 13 are loosened. The cover 11 is provided with a neck-shaped extension 17, in which the outlet connection 5, with an upper, cylindrical tubular section 18, is rotatably mounted about its longitudinal axis in two axially offset bearings 19, 20.

Am oberen Ende ist der Austrittsstutzen an eine nicht gezeichnete Unterdruckquelle angeschlossen.At the upper end, the outlet connection is connected to a vacuum source, not shown.

Das Antriebsdrehmoment für das Verdichterrad wird teilweise am oberen Ende des Austrittsstutzens 5,6 bzw. 18 eingeleitet, wozu als Beispiel außerhalb des oberen, durch einen Deckel lösbar verschlossenen Endes des halsförmigen Ansatzes 17 eine drehfest mit dem Austrittsstutzen verbundene Riemenscheibe 21 und ein auf diese einwirkender Antriebsriemen 22 dargestellt sind; teilweise wird das Antriebsdrehmoment auch über die zweite Deckscheibe 2 eingeleitet, indem außerhalb eines Ansatzes 27 des Lagergehäuseteils 10 einem Lagerbolzen 24 der Deckscheibe 2 ein Riementrieb 30,31 zugeordnet ist. Die Riementriebe 21,22 einerseits und 30,31 andererseits sind so aufeinander abgestimmt, daß die beiden Deckscheiben 2,3 mit gleichen Drehzahlen oder aber in einem gewollten anderen Drehzahlverhältnis angetrieben werden. Sind die beiden Deckscheiben 1,2 fest miteinander verbunden, so ist nur ein Synchronantrieb möglich. Werden beide Deckscheiben mit unterschiedlichen Drehzahlen angetrieben, so ist auf eine bewegliche, dichtende, aber auch abriebfeste Verbindung zwischen Deckscheiben und Schaufeln zu achten. Bei fest miteinander verbundenen Deckscheiben ist selbstverständlich auch ein üblicher Antrieb möglich, bei dem nur eine der Deckscheiben angetrieben wird, also beispielsweise nur der Antrieb 21,22 oder nur der Antrieb 30,31 vorgesehen ist.The drive torque for the compressor wheel is partially introduced at the upper end of the outlet connection 5, 6 or 18, for which purpose, for example, outside the upper end of the neck-shaped extension 17, which is releasably closed by a cover a pulley 21 connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the outlet connection piece and a drive belt 22 acting thereon are shown; in part, the drive torque is also introduced via the second cover disk 2, in that a belt drive 30, 31 is assigned to a bearing bolt 24 of the cover disk 2 outside a shoulder 27 of the bearing housing part 10. The belt drives 21, 22 on the one hand and 30, 31 on the other hand are matched to one another in such a way that the two cover disks 2, 3 are driven at the same speed or in a desired different speed ratio. If the two cover disks 1, 2 are firmly connected to one another, only a synchronous drive is possible. If both shrouds are driven at different speeds, a flexible, sealing, but also abrasion-resistant connection between shrouds and blades must be ensured. In the case of cover disks which are firmly connected to one another, a conventional drive is of course also possible, in which only one of the cover disks is driven, for example only the drive 21, 22 or only the drive 30, 31 is provided.

Die zweite, bei vertikaler Anordnung des Windsichters untere Deckscheibe 2 ist mittels eines Zapfens 23 an dem Lagerbolzen 24 befestigt, der in Lagern 25,26 in dem halsförmigen Ansatz 27 des Gehäuseunterteils 10 um seine Längsachse drehbar gelagert ist.The second cover disk 2, which is lower in the case of a vertical arrangement of the air classifier, is fastened to the bearing bolt 24 by means of a pin 23, which is rotatably supported in bearings 25, 26 in the neck-shaped extension 27 of the lower housing part 10 about its longitudinal axis.

Konzentrisch zu dem Kranz der Schaufeln 3 und außerhalb dieses Schaufelkranzes ist ein Führungsrohr 32 angeordnet und mit Stützschaufeln 33 im Gehäuseunterteil 10 derart gehalten, daß es den Schaufelkranz 3 konzentrisch umgibt.A guide tube 32 is arranged concentrically with the rim of the blades 3 and outside of this blade rim and is held with support blades 33 in the lower housing part 10 such that it concentrically surrounds the blade rim 3.

Unterhalb der unteren, zweiten Deckscheibe 2 mündet unmittelbar über dem Gehäuseboden radial in das Gehäuseunterteil 10 ein Einlaßstutzen 34 zur Einbringung der Sichtluft. Im Bereich des Führungsrohres 32 und zwischen den Deckscheiben 1,2 mündet radial in das Gehäuseunterteil 10 ein Einlaßstutzen 35 für das Gut, das mittels einer im Einlaßstutzen 35 angeordneten Einlaßschnecke 36 in das Gehäuse gefördert wird.Below the lower, second cover plate 2, an inlet connection 34 opens radially into the lower housing part 10 directly above the housing base for introducing the classifying air. In the area of the guide tube 32 and between the cover disks 1, 2, an inlet connection 35 for the material opens radially into the lower housing part 10 and is conveyed into the housing by means of an inlet screw 36 arranged in the inlet connection 35.

Bei laufendem Sichtrad 1 bis 3 tritt die Sichtluft durch den Stutzen 34, das Gut durch den Stutzen 35 in das Gehäuseunterteil 10 ein, worauf die mit Gut angereicherte Sichtluft durch den Ringkanal 37 zwischen dem Führungsrohr 32 und der Wand des Gehäuseunterteils 10 hindurch einem Krümmer 38 im Gehäusedeckel 11 zugeführt wird, in dem eine Strömungsumkehr erfolgt. Die gutangereicherte Sichtluft gelangt nun in den Bereich innerhalb des Führungsrohres 32, um von dort aus in radialer Richtung in das Sichtrad eingesaugt zu werden, wo an den Schaufeln 3 eine Abtrennung von zu grobkörnigem Gut erfolgt, so daß in das Sichtrad feingutbeladene Sichtluft gelangt. Diese feingutbeladene Sichtluft wird im Sichtrad in eine axiale Strömungsrichtung umgelenkt und wird nunmehr durch das Tauchrohr 5 abgesaugt. In einem dem Tauchrohrabschnitt 18 nachgeschalteten Filter wird auch noch das Feingut aus der Luft ausgefiltert. Das zu grobe Gut gelangt entlang der zweiten Deckscheibe 2 in den Bereich unterhalb der zweiten Deckscheibe 2, um von dort in geeigneter Weise weiterbearbeitet zu werden. Es wird dem Sichtergehäuse an geeigneter Stelle und in geeigneter Weise entnommen, was jedoch im einzelnen nicht erläutert werden soll, weil es nicht Teil der Erfindung ist.When the classifying wheel 1 to 3 is running, the classifying air enters through the connecting piece 34, the material through the connecting piece 35 into the lower housing part 10, whereupon the classifying air enriched with good through the annular channel 37 between the guide tube 32 and the wall of the lower part 10 through a manifold 38 is supplied in the housing cover 11, in which a flow reversal takes place. The well-enriched classifying air now reaches the area inside the guide tube 32 in order to be sucked in from there in the radial direction into the classifying wheel, where the coarse-grained material is separated on the blades 3, so that classifying material laden with fine material enters the classifying wheel. This fine air-laden sight air is deflected in the sight wheel in an axial flow direction and is now sucked out through the dip tube 5. The fine material is also filtered out of the air in a filter downstream of the dip tube section 18. The material that is too coarse passes along the second cover plate 2 into the area below the second cover plate 2 in order to be further processed from there in a suitable manner. It is removed from the classifier housing at a suitable point and in a suitable manner, but this will not be explained in detail because it is not part of the invention.

Nach dem Aufklappen des Gehäusedeckels 11 ist das Innere des Gehäuses 10,11 gut zugänglich und eine Reinigung und Wartung insbesondere des von der unteren Deckscheibe 2 entfernten Sichtradteiles mit der oberen Deckscheibe 1 und den Schaufeln 3 und gegebenenfalls dessen Reparatur sind gut möglich.After opening the housing cover 11, the interior of the housing 10, 11 is easily accessible and cleaning and maintenance, in particular of the classifying wheel part with the upper cover disc 1 and the blades 3 removed from the lower cover disc 2 and, if appropriate, its repair are easily possible.

Auch bei dem Windsichter gemäß Fig. 2 wird der gesamte vertikale Windsichter umschlossen von einem Gehäuse, das im wesentlichen aus dem Gehäuseoberteil 40 und dem Gehäuseunterteil 41 besteht. Gehäuseoberteil 40 und Gehäuseunterteil 41 sind am oberen bzw. unteren Rand mit je einem nach außen gerichteten Umfangsflansch 42 bzw. 43 versehen. Die beiden Flansche 42,43 liegen im Einbau- bzw. Funktionszustand des Sichters aufeinander und sind durch geeignete Mittel gegeneinander fixiert. Geeignete Mittel zum Fixieren sind beispielsweise Schraubverbindungen. Als lösbare Befestigungsmittel können auch Klammern oder dgl. dienen.2, the entire vertical wind sifter is enclosed by a housing which essentially consists of the upper housing part 40 and the lower housing part 41. Upper housing part 40 and lower housing part 41 are each provided with an outwardly directed peripheral flange 42 and 43 on the upper and lower edge. In the installed or functional state of the classifier, the two flanges 42, 43 lie on one another and are fixed against one another by suitable means. Suitable means for fixing are, for example, screw connections. Clamps or the like can also serve as releasable fastening means.

An einer praktisch beliebigen Stelle des Flanschumfangs sind beide Flansche durch ein Gelenk 44 miteinander so verbunden, daß das Gehäuseoberteil 40 nach dem Lösen der Flanschverbindungsmittel gegenüber dem Gehäuseunterteil 41 nach oben in Richtung des Pfeiles 45 geschwenkt werden kann und das Gehäuseoberteil 40 von unten, das Gehäuseunterteil 41 von oben zugänglich ist. Das Gehäuseunterteil 41 seinerseits ist zweiteilig ausgebildet und es besteht im wesentlichen aus dem zylindrischen Sichtraumgehäuse 46 mit dem Flansch 43 an seinem oberen offenen Ende und dem Austragkonus 47, der sich nach unten kegelförmig verjüngt. Austragkonus 47 und Sichtraumgehäuse 46 liegen am oberen bzw. unteren Ende mit Flanschen 48,49 aufeinander und beide Flansche 48,49 von Austragkonus 47 und Sichtraumgehäuse 46 sind wie die Flansche 43,44 durch lösbare Befestigungsmittel miteinander verbunden. Das so zusammengesetzte Sichtergehäuse ist in Tragarmen 50 aufgehängt, von denen mehrere möglichst gleichmäßig beabstandet auf den Umfang des Verdichtergehäuses verteilt sind und am zylindrischen Sichtraumgehäuse 46 angreifen.At practically any point on the flange circumference, both flanges are connected to one another by a joint 44 in such a way that the upper housing part 40 can be pivoted upwards in the direction of arrow 45 relative to the lower housing part 41 after the flange connection means have been released, and the upper housing part 40 from below, the lower housing part 41 is accessible from above. The lower housing part 41 in turn is formed in two parts and it consists essentially of the cylindrical visible space housing 46 with the flange 43 at its upper open end and the discharge cone 47, which tapers conically downwards. The discharge cone 47 and the viewing space housing 46 lie on top of one another at the upper and lower ends with flanges 48, 49 and both flanges 48, 49 of the discharge cone 47 and the viewing space housing 46 are the same the flanges 43, 44 connected to one another by releasable fastening means. The classifier housing assembled in this way is suspended in support arms 50, several of which are distributed as uniformly as possible over the circumference of the compressor housing and act on the cylindrical classroom housing 46.

Wesentliches Teil der Gehäuseeinbauten des Windsichters ist wiederum das Sichtrad mit der oberen Deckscheibe 1, der zu dieser axial beabstandeten unteren abströmseitigen Deckscheibe 2 und den zwischen den Außenrändern der beiden Deckscheiben 1,2 angeordneten, mit diesen fest verbundene und gleichmäßig auf den Umfang des Sichtrades verteilte Schaufeln 3 zweckmäßiger Kontur. Bei diesem Windsichter wird der Antrieb des Sichtrads über die obere Deckscheibe 1 bewirkt, während die untere Deckscheibe 2 die abströmseitige Deckscheibe ist. Die Lagerung des Sichtrads umfaßt eine in zweckmäßiger Weise zwangsweise angetriebene Welle 51, die mit dem oberen Ende aus dem Sichtergehäuse herausgeführt ist und mit ihrem unteren Ende innerhalb des Sichtergehäuses in fliegender Lagerung drehfest das Sichtrad trägt. Die Herausführung der Sichtradwelle 51 aus dem Sichtergehäuse erfolgt in einem Paar bearbeiteter Platten 52,53, die das Gehäuse am oberen Ende eines nach oben kegelstumpfförmig verlaufenden Gehäuseendabschnitts 54 abschließen, die Welle führen und diesen Wellendurchtritt ohne Behinderung der Drehbewegungen der Welle abdichten. Zweckmäßigerweise kann die obere Platte 53 als Flansch drehfest der Welle 51 zugeordnet und über Drehlager 55 drehbar auf der unteren Platte 52 abgestützt sein, die ihrerseits dem Gehäuseendabschnitt 54 zugeordnet ist. Die Unterseite der abströmseitigen Deckscheibe 2 liegt in der gemeinsamen Ebene zwischen den Flanschen 43,44, so daß das Sichtrad in seiner Gesamtheit innerhalb des klappbaren Gehäuseoberteils angeordnet ist. Im Bereich des konischen Endabschnitts 54 weist das Gehäuseoberteil 40 außerdem den Produktaufgabestutzen 56 auf, der ein Rohr ist, dessen Längsachse parallel zur Drehachse des Sichtrads 1-3 und seiner Antriebswelle 51 verläuft und das möglichst weit außen angeordnet ist.An essential part of the built-in housing of the air classifier is in turn the classifying wheel with the upper cover plate 1, the axially spaced-apart lower outflow-side cover plate 2 and those arranged between the outer edges of the two cover plates 1, 2, firmly connected to them and evenly distributed over the circumference of the classifying wheel Buckets 3 appropriate contour. In this air classifier, the driving of the classifying wheel is effected via the upper cover plate 1, while the lower cover plate 2 is the cover plate on the outflow side. The bearing of the classifying wheel comprises an expediently forcibly driven shaft 51, which is led out of the classifier housing with the upper end and carries the classifying wheel in a rotationally fixed manner within the classifier housing in a rotationally fixed position. The sight wheel shaft 51 is led out of the classifier housing in a pair of machined plates 52, 53, which close off the housing at the upper end of an upwardly frustoconical housing end section 54, guide the shaft and seal this shaft passage without obstructing the rotational movements of the shaft. The upper plate 53 can expediently be assigned as a flange to the shaft 51 in a rotationally fixed manner and can be rotatably supported on the lower plate 52, which in turn is assigned to the housing end section 54, via rotary bearings 55. The underside of the downstream cover plate 2 lies in the common plane between the flanges 43, 44 so that the classifying wheel is arranged in its entirety within the foldable upper housing part. In the area of the conical end section 54, the upper housing part 40 also has the product feed port 56, which is a tube, the longitudinal axis of which runs parallel to the axis of rotation of the classifying wheel 1-3 and its drive shaft 51 and which is arranged as far out as possible.

Das Sichtraumgehäuse 46 nimmt den achsgleich zum Sichtrad angeordneten rohrförmigen Austrittsstutzen 57 auf, der mit seinem oberen Ende dicht unterhalb der abströmseitigen Deckscheibe 2 des Sichtsrads liegt, ohne jedoch mit diesem verbunden zu sein. An das untere Ende des als Rohr ausgebildeten Austrittsstutzens ist eine Austrittskammer 58 achsgleich angesetzt, die ebenfalls rohrförmig ist, deren Durchmesser jedoch wesentlich größer ist als der Durchmesser des Austrittsstutzens 57, zumindest doppelt so groß ist wie der Durchmesser des Austrittsstutzens. Am Übergang zwischen Austrittsstutzen 57 und Austrittskammer 58 liegt also ein deutlicher Durchmessersprung vor. Der Austrittsstutzen ist in eine obere Deckplatte 59 der Austrittskammer 58 eingesetzt, unten ist die Austrittskammer 58 durch einen abnehmbaren Deckel 60 verschlossen. Die Baueinheit aus Austrittsstutzen 57 und Austrittskammer 58 ist in mehreren Tragarmen 61 gehalten, die sternförmig gleichmäßig auf den Umfang der Baueinheit verteilt sind, mit ihren inneren Enden im Bereich des Austrittsstutzens fest mit der Baueinheit verbunden und mit ihren äußeren Enden am Sichtergehäuse befestigt sind.The viewing space housing 46 accommodates the tubular outlet connection 57 which is arranged coaxially with the viewing wheel and which lies with its upper end just below the outflow-side cover disk 2 of the viewing wheel, but without being connected to it. At the lower end of the outlet connector designed as a tube, an outlet chamber 58 is attached with the same axis, which is also tubular, but the diameter of which is considerably larger than the diameter of the outlet connector 57 and is at least twice as large as the diameter of the outlet connector. At the transition between the outlet nozzle 57 and the outlet chamber 58, there is therefore a clear jump in diameter. The outlet nozzle is inserted into an upper cover plate 59 of the outlet chamber 58, at the bottom the outlet chamber 58 is closed by a removable cover 60. The assembly consisting of outlet nozzle 57 and outlet chamber 58 is held in a plurality of support arms 61 which are distributed in a star shape uniformly over the circumference of the unit, with their inner ends in the region of the outlet nozzle firmly connected to the unit and with their outer ends attached to the classifier housing.

Der Austrittsstutzen 57 ist von einem kegelförmigen Ringgehäuse 62 umgeben, dessen unterer, größerer Außendurchmesser zumindest etwa dem Durchmesser der Austrittskammer und dessen oberer, kleinerer Außendurchmesser zumindest etwa dem Durchmesser des Sichtrads entspricht. An der konischen Wand des Ringgehäuses 62 enden die Tragarme 61 und sind mit dieser Wand fest verbunden, die ihrerseits wieder Teil der Baueinheit aus Austrittsstutzen 57 und Austrittskammer 58 ist.The outlet connection 57 is surrounded by a conical ring housing 62, the lower, larger outer diameter of which corresponds at least approximately to the diameter of the outlet chamber and the upper, smaller outer diameter of which corresponds at least approximately to the diameter of the classifying wheel. The support arms 61 end on the conical wall of the ring housing 62 and are firmly connected to this wall, which in turn is part of the structural unit comprising the outlet connection 57 and the outlet chamber 58.

Die Tragarme 61 und das Ringgehäuse 62 sind Teile einer Spüllufteinrichtung, wobei die Spülluft das Eindringen von Materie aus dem Innenraum des Sichtraumgehäuses 46 in den Spalt zwischen Sichtrad bzw. dessen unterer Deckscheibe 2 und Austrittsstutzen 57 verhindert. Um diese Spülluft in das Ringgehäuse 62 und von dort in den freizuhaltenden Spalt gelangen zu lassen, sind die Tragarme 61 als Rohre ausgebildet, mit ihren äußeren Endabschnitten durch die Wand des Sichtergehäuses hindurchgeführt und über ein Ansaugfilter 63 an eine Spülluftquelle angeschlossen. Das Ringgehäuse 62 ist nach oben durch eine Lochplatte 64 abgeschlossen und der Spalt selbst kann durch eine axial verstellbare Ringscheibe im Bereich zwischen Lochplatte 64 und unterer Deckscheibe 2 des Sichtrads 1,2,3 einstellbar sein.The support arms 61 and the ring housing 62 are parts of a purge air device, the purge air preventing the penetration of matter from the interior of the view space housing 46 into the gap between the view wheel or its lower cover plate 2 and outlet connection 57. In order to allow this scavenging air to enter the ring housing 62 and from there into the gap to be kept free, the support arms 61 are designed as tubes, with their outer end sections being led through the wall of the classifier housing and connected via a suction filter 63 to a scavenging air source. The ring housing 62 is closed at the top by a perforated plate 64 and the gap itself can be adjustable by an axially adjustable ring disk in the area between the perforated plate 64 and the lower cover disk 2 of the sight wheel 1, 2, 3.

Der Auslaß aus der Austrittskammer 58 wird von einem Rohr 65 gebildet, das von außen in das Sichtraumgehäuse 46 hineingeführt ist und in tangentialer Anordnung an die Austrittskammer 58 angeschlossen ist. Der Verkleidung der Einmündung des Feingutaustragrohrs 65 an die Austrittskammer 58 dient ein Abweiskegel 66.The outlet from the outlet chamber 58 is formed by a tube 65, which is guided into the view chamber housing 46 from the outside and is connected to the outlet chamber 58 in a tangential arrangement. A deflecting cone 66 serves to clad the opening of the fine material discharge pipe 65 to the outlet chamber 58.

Am unteren Ende des konischen Teilgehäuses 47 sind in horizontaler Anordnung die Sichtlufteintrittsspirale 67 und der Grobgutaustrag 68 dem Teilgehäuse 47 zugeordnet. Die Drehrichtung der Sichtlufteintrittsspirale 67 ist der Drehrichtung des Sichtrads entgegengerichtet. Der Grobgutaustrag 68 ist dem Teilgehäuse 47 abnehmbar zugeordnet, wobei dem unteren Ende des Teilgehäuses 47 ein Flansch 69 und dem oberen Ende des Grobgutaustrags 61 ein Flansch 70 zugeordnet und beide Flansche wiederum durch bekannte Mittel lösbar miteinander verbunden sind, wenn der Sichter betriebsbereit ist.At the lower end of the conical part housing 47, the visible air inlet spiral 67 and the coarse material discharge 68 are assigned to the part housing 47 in a horizontal arrangement. The direction of rotation of the sight air inlet spiral 67 is opposite to the direction of rotation of the sight wheel. The coarse material discharge 68 is detachably assigned to the partial housing 47, a flange 69 being assigned to the lower end of the partial housing 47 and a flange 70 being assigned to the upper end of the coarse material discharge 61, and both flanges are in turn releasably connected to one another by known means when the classifier is ready for operation.

Die auszulegende Dispersionszone ist mit 71 bezeichnet. An der Innenkante bearbeitete (angefaste) Flansche für eine saubere Strömungsführung und eine einfache Auskleidung sind mit 72 bezeichnet.The dispersion zone to be designed is designated 71. Machined (chamfered) flanges on the inner edge for a clean flow and a simple lining are marked with 72.

Schließlich ist noch an die Innenwand des Austrittsstutzens 57 ein auswechselbares Schutzrohr 73 als Verschleißteil angelegt und kann ein entsprechendes auswechselbares Schutzrohr 74 an die Innenwand der Austrittskammer 58 angelegt sein.Finally, an interchangeable protective tube 73 is placed as a wearing part on the inner wall of the outlet connection 57 and a corresponding interchangeable protective tube 74 can be placed on the inner wall of the outlet chamber 58.

Zu Beginn des Betriebs des Sichters im dargestellten Betriebszustand wird über die Sichtlufteintrittsspirale 67 Sichtluft in den Windsichter unter einem Druckgefälle und mit einer zweckentsprechend gewählten Eintrittsgeschwindigkeit eingeführt. Infolge der Einführung der Sichtluft mittels einer Spirale insbesondere in Verbindung mit der Konizität des Teilgehäuses 47 steigt die Sichtluft spiralförmig nach oben in den Bereich des Sichtrads 1-3. Gleichzeitig wird das "Produkt" aus Feststoffpartikeln unterschiedlicher Masse über den Produktaufgabestutzen 56 in das Sichtergehäuse eingegeben. Von diesem Produkt gelangt das Grobgut, d.h. der Partikelanteil mit größerer Masse entgegen der Sichtluft in den Bereich des Grobgutaustrags 68 und wird zur Weiterverarbeitung bereitgestellt. Das Feingut, d.h. der Partikelanteil mit geringerer Masse wird mit der Sichtluft vermischt, gelangt von außen nach innen radial durch das Sichtrad in den Austrittsstutzen 57, in die Austrittskammer 58 und schließlich über das Feingutaustrittsrohr 65 in den Feingutaustritt, sowie von dort in ein Filter, in dem Luft und Feingut voneinander getrennt werden. Gröbere Feingutbestandteile werden aus dem Sichtrad radial herausgeschleudert und dem Grobgut zugemischt, um das Gehäuse mit dem Grobgut zu verlassen oder so lange im Sichtergehäuse zu kreisen, bis es zu Feingut einer solchen Körnung geworden ist, daß es mit der Sichtluft ausgetragen wird.At the start of the operation of the classifier in the operating state shown, classifying air is introduced into the wind classifier via the classifying air inlet spiral 67 under a pressure drop and at an appropriately selected entry speed. As a result of the introduction of the classifying air by means of a spiral, in particular in connection with the taper of the partial housing 47, the classifying air rises in a spiral upwards into the region of the classifying wheel 1-3. At the same time, the "product" is made up of solid particles different mass entered via the product feed port 56 in the classifier housing. From this product, the coarse material, ie the proportion of particles with a larger mass against the visible air, reaches the area of the coarse material discharge 68 and is made available for further processing. The fine material, that is to say the proportion of particles with a lower mass, is mixed with the classifying air, passes radially from the outside inwards through the classifying wheel into the outlet connection 57, into the outlet chamber 58 and finally via the fine material outlet pipe 65 into the fine material outlet, and from there into a filter, in which air and fines are separated. Coarser fines constituents are thrown radially out of the classifying wheel and mixed with the coarse material in order to leave the housing with the coarse material or to circle in the classifier housing until it has become a fine material of such a grain that it is discharged with the classifying air.

Infolge der abrupten Querschnittserweiterung vom Austrittsstutzen 57 zur Austrittskammer 58 findet dort eine deutliche Verringerung der Strömungsgeschwindigkeit des Feingut-Luft-Gemisches statt. Dieses Gemisch wird also mit sehr geringer Strömungsgeschwindigkeit durch die Austrittskammer 58 in den Feingutauslaß 65 gelangen und an der Wand der Austrittskammer 58 nur in geringem Maße Abrieb erzeugen. Deswegen ist das Schutzrohr 74 auch nur eine höchst vorsorgliche Maßnahme. Die aus Gründen einer guten Trenntechnik hohe Strömungsgeschwindigkeit im Sichtrad herrscht jedoch noch im Austragstutzen 57, weshalb das Schutzrohr 73 wichtiger ist als das Schutzohr 74. Erfindungswesentlich ist der Durchmessersprung mit einer Durchmessererweiterung beim Übergang vom Austrittstutzen 57 in die Austrittskammer 58.As a result of the abrupt cross-sectional widening from the outlet connection 57 to the outlet chamber 58, there is a significant reduction in the flow velocity of the fine material / air mixture. This mixture will therefore reach the fine material outlet 65 through the outlet chamber 58 at a very low flow rate and will only produce a small amount of abrasion on the wall of the outlet chamber 58. For this reason, the protective tube 74 is only a highly precautionary measure. However, for reasons of good separation technology, the high flow velocity in the classifying wheel still prevails in the discharge nozzle 57, which is why the protective tube 73 is more important than the protective ear 74. The increase in diameter with an increase in diameter during the transition from the outlet nozzle 57 into the outlet chamber 58 is essential to the invention.

Im übrigen kann der Sichter durch die Unterteilung des Sichtergehäuses in der beschriebenen Weise und die Zuordnung der Sichterkomponenten zu den einzelnen Teilgehäusen wiederum gut gewartet werden und schadhaft gewordene Komponenten können mit relativ geringem Aufwand und innerhalb kurzer Wartungszeiten ausgewechselt werden.In addition, the classifier can in turn be well maintained by dividing the classifier housing in the manner described and the assignment of the classifier components to the individual partial housings, and components which have become defective can be replaced with relatively little effort and within short maintenance times.

Während in den Gesamtanordnungen gemäß Fig. 1,2 das Sichtrad mit den beiden Deckscheiben 1,2 und dem zwischen diesen angeordneten Schaufelkranz 3 noch in bereits bekannter, üblicher Form mit parallelen und parallelflächigen Deckscheiben dargestellt ist, ist in Fig. 3 das Sichtrad für den erfindungsgemäß ausgestalteten Windsichter dargestellt.While the sight wheel with the two cover disks 1, 2 and the blade ring 3 arranged between them is shown in the overall arrangements according to FIG. 1, in a known, customary form with parallel and parallel-area cover disks, the sight wheel for FIG Air classifier designed according to the invention.

Die abströmseitige Deckscheibe 1 ist unverändert eben und in einer Ebene angeordnet, die senkrecht zur Drehachse 4 des Sichtrades und der Längsachse des Sichters verläuft, unabhängig davon ob die Dreh- und Längsachse 4 senkrecht steht oder horizontal verläuft. Sie umschließt konzentrisch den Austrittsstutzen 5. Von der abströmseitigen Deckscheibe 1 sind von dieser aus die Schaufeln 3 auf die zweite Deckscheibe 2 gerichtet. Mit beiden Deckscheiben 1,2 sind die Schaufeln 3 verbunden. Die untere Deckscheibe 2 ist nun abweichend vom Stand der Technik konisch ausgebildet und zwar vorzugsweise derart, daß der Abstand der zweiten Deckscheibe 2 von der abströmseitigen Deckscheibe 1 vom Kranz der Schaufeln 3 nach innen größer wird und zwar nochmals vorzugsweise kontinuierlich und nochmals vorzugsweise so, daß die Fläche des durchströmten Zylindermantels für jeden Radius zwischen Schaufelaustrittskanten und Austrittsstutzen 5 konstant bleibt. Die infolge des kleiner werdenden Radius bei bekannten Lösungen geringer werdende Abströmgeschwindigkeit bleibt bei dieser Lösung konstant.The outflow-side cover disk 1 is unchanged and is arranged in a plane which runs perpendicular to the axis of rotation 4 of the classifying wheel and the longitudinal axis of the classifier, regardless of whether the axis of rotation and longitudinal axis 4 is vertical or horizontal. It concentrically surrounds the outlet connection 5. From the cover disk 1 on the outflow side, the blades 3 are directed from there toward the second cover disk 2. The blades 3 are connected to both cover disks 1, 2. In contrast to the prior art, the lower cover plate 2 is now conical, preferably in such a way that the distance between the second cover plate 2 and the outflow-side cover plate 1 from the rim of the blades 3 increases, preferably again continuously and preferably so that the area of the flow through the cylinder jacket remains constant for each radius between the blade outlet edges and outlet nozzle 5. The outflow velocity, which decreases due to the decreasing radius in known solutions, remains constant with this solution.

Daß das Sichtrad 1 bis 3 sowohl bei der Windsichterausbildung gemäß Fig. 1 als auch bei der Windsichterausbildung gemäß Fig. 2 wie in Fig. 3 dargestellt ausgebildet sein kann, bedarf keiner besonderen Erläuterung. Es ist lediglich zu bedenken, daß im Fall des Sichters gemäß Fig. 1 das Sichtrad wie in Fig. 3 dargestellt eingebaut ist ("abströmseitige, obere Deckscheibe" ist die Scheibe 1) während bei dem Sichter gemäß Fig. 2 das Sichtrad gegenüber der Darstellung in Fig. 3 um 180° gedreht eingebaut ist (die "abströmseitige Deckscheibe" 1 ist im Einbauzustand die untere Deckscheibe).The fact that the classifying wheel 1 to 3 can be designed as shown in FIG. 3 both in the classifier design according to FIG. 1 and in the classifier design according to FIG. 2 requires no special explanation. It should only be borne in mind that in the case of the classifier according to FIG. 1, the classifying wheel is installed as shown in FIG. 3 ("outflow-side upper cover plate" is class 1), while in the classifier according to FIG. 2 the classifying wheel is opposite the illustration 3 is installed rotated by 180 ° (the "downstream cover plate" 1 is the lower cover plate in the installed state).

Um zu erläutern, daß die Verbindung zwischen abströmseitiger Deckscheibe (obere Deckscheibe 1 in Fig. 1 bzw. untere Deckscheibe 2 in Fig. 2) und Austrittsstutzen 18 (Fig. 1) bzw. 20 (Fig. 2) auch bei der Sichterausbildung gemäß Fig. 2 so ausgebildet sein kann, wie bei der Sichteran-ordnung gemaß Fig. 1 dargestellt, hat man sich vorzustellen, daß Austrittsstutzen 57 und Austrittskammer 58 drehfest mit der unteren Deckscheibe 2 des Sichtrads verbunden und die Arme 61 von dem Ringgehäuse 62 so beabstandet sind, daß Drehbewegungen des Austrittsstutzens 57 und der Austrittskammer 58 zusammen mit dem Sichtrad 1-3 möglich sind, wobei ein Ringlager zentrierende Funktion haben kann. Entsprechend dem Umlauf von Austrittsstutzen 57 und Austrittskammer 58 muß die bauliche Verbindung zwischen Austrittskammer 58 und Feingutaustragrohr 65 aufgehoben sein, ohne den Strömungsmittelübertritt zu beeinträchtigen.To explain that the connection between the downstream cover plate (upper cover plate 1 in FIG. 1 or lower cover plate 2 in FIG. 2) and outlet connection 18 (FIG. 1) or 20 (FIG. 2) also in the classifier design according to FIG 2 can be designed as shown in the classifier arrangement according to FIG. 1, it has to be imagined that the outlet connection 57 and the outlet chamber 58 are connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the lower cover plate 2 of the classifying wheel and the arms 61 are so spaced from the ring housing 62 that rotary movements of the outlet nozzle 57 and the outlet chamber 58 are possible together with the classifying wheel 1-3, whereby a ring bearing can have a centering function. In accordance with the circulation of the outlet connection 57 and the outlet chamber 58, the structural connection between the outlet chamber 58 and the fine material discharge pipe 65 must be removed without impairing the fluid transfer.

Um zu erläutern, daß die Ausbildung der Abströmung mit dem Querschnittssprung gemäß Fig. 2 auch bei dem Windsichter gemäß Fig. 1 vorgesehen sein kann, ist Fig. 1 eine Fig. 4 zugehörig, die diesen Bereich größer darstellt. Der Austrittsstutzen 5 mündet zunächst wie in Fig. 1 in den Rohrabschnitt 18, der jedoch noch im Bereich des Lagers 20 eine deutliche, kammerartige Querschnittserweiterung aufweist.To explain that the formation of the outflow with the cross-sectional jump according to FIG. 2 also in the wind classifier 1 can be provided, FIG. 1 is associated with FIG. 4, which shows this area larger. The outlet connection 5 initially opens as in FIG. 1 into the tube section 18, which, however, still has a clear, chamber-like cross-sectional widening in the region of the bearing 20.

Claims (24)

  1. A preferably vertical pneumatic classifier comprising a classifier wheel (1 - 3) rotating in a stream of classifying air charged with fine material, the flow of classifier air extending radially inwards in opposition to the centrifugal force, the classifying air flowing axially out of the wheel through an outlet tube (18, 65) for further treatment, e.g. in a filter or the like, the classifier wheel having a cover plate (1) and vanes (3) on its outer periphery, and a means for breaking up the peripheral components of the flow being provided between the outlet tube and the classifier-wheel outlet, characterised in that the means for breaking up the peripheral components of the flow comprises a cylindrical casing (18, 58), one end of an outlet nozzle (5, 6; 57) extending up to the outer one (2) of two cover plates (1, 2) of the classifier wheel, whereas the other end opens concentrically into the cylindrical casing in such a manner that the last-mentioned end of the outlet nozzle lies in the same plane as the inside of the casing wall facing the classifier wheel, and a jump in diameter from the inner diameter of the outlet nozzle to the inner diameter of the casing results in the desired break-up of the peripheral components of flow, and the outlet tube (18, 65) extends directly up to the cylindrical casing (18, 58).
  2. A pneumatic classifier according to claim 1, characterised in that the diameter of the outlet chamber (18, 58) near where the outlet nozzle (5, 57) opens into the outlet chamber is at least twice as great as the cross-section of the outlet nozzle near the opening into the outlet chamber.
  3. A pneumatic classifier according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the tubular outlet nozzle (57) is sheathed in a protective tube (73).
  4. A pneumatic classifier according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the outlet nozzle (57) and the outlet chamber (58) form a structural unit disposed under the classifier wheel (1 - 3) in the classifier casing (40, 41).
  5. A pneumatic classifier according to claim 4, characterised in that a defined, preferably adjustable gap into which scavenging air from the classifier casing (40, 41) is introduced radially outwards is left between the end of the outlet nozzle (57) facing the classifier wheel (1 - 3) and the cover plate (2) of the classifier wheel (1 - 3) associated with the outlet nozzle.
  6. A pneumatic classifier according to claim 5, characterised in that the scavenging air is introduced into the gap from an annular chamber (62) concentrically surrounding the outlet nozzle (73).
  7. A pneumatic classifier according to claim 6, characterised in that the annular chamber (62) is conical and associated with the structural unit comprising the outlet nozzle (57) and the outlet chamber (58), and its larger diameter is at least approximately equal to the diameter of the outlet chamber while its smaller diameter is at least approximately equal to the outer diameter of the classifier wheel (1 - 3).
  8. A pneumatic classifier according to claim 7, characterised in that the structural unit comprising the outlet nozzle (57), outlet chamber (58) and annular chamber (62) is held in the classifier casing (40, 41) by webs (61) radiating from a centre.
  9. A pneumatic classifier according to claim 8, characterised in that at least one of the webs (61), preferably all the webs radiating from the centre, is or are hollow and supply scavenging air to the annular chamber (62).
  10. A pneumatic classifier according to claim 9, characterised in that the webs (61) for supplying scavenging air are in the form of tubes having a round cross-section.
  11. A pneumatic classifier according to any of claims 1 to 10 in a vertical arrangement, characterised by a two-part classifier casing (40, 41), the top part (40) being associated with the bottom part (41) so as to be hingeable.
  12. A pneumatic classifier according to claim 11, characterised in that the top part (40) and the bottom part (41) of the casing abut one another via annular flanges (42, 43) which are permanently connected in a hinge (44) and releasably connected to one another by releasable connecting means.
  13. A pneumatic classifier according to claim 10 or 11, characterised in that the classifier wheel (1 - 3) with its floating bearing in the top part (40) of the casing, the outlet nozzle (57) and the outlet chamber (58) and optionally the structural component consisting of these two parts, and the annular chamber (62) are disposed in the bottom part (41) of the casing, and the product delivery nozzle (56) is disposed parallel to the axis of rotation of the classifier wheel in association with the top part (40) of the casing.
  14. A pneumatic classifier according to any of claims 1 to 13, characterised in that the fine material leaves the outlet chamber (58) via an outlet tube (65) extending tangentially to the outlet chamber (58), so as to leave the classifier casing in the tangential direction.
  15. A pneumatic classifier according to claim 14, characterised in that the fine-material outlet tube (65) opens into the outlet chamber (58) in the region immediately above the bottom (60) thereof, the bottom being a dismountable cover.
  16. A pneumatic classifier according to any of claims 11 to 15, characterised in that the bottom part (41) of the casing is in two parts (parts 46 and 47), the cylindrical upper casing portion (46) constituting the classifying-chamber casing and being releasably connected to the conically downwardly tapering lower casing portion (47) by flanges (48, 49) immediately below the plane in which the cylindrical outlet chamber (58) ends, the upper casing portion (46) being associated with the fine-material outlet (65) and the lower end of the lower casing portion (47) being removably associated with the coarse-material outlet (68) and the classifying-air inlet (67).
  17. A pneumatic classifier according to claim 16, characterised in that the classifying-air inlet (67) is a spiral above the coarse-material outlet (68), rotating in the peripheral direction of the classifier wheel (1 - 3).
  18. A pneumatic classifier according to claim 16, characterised in that the classifier casing (40, 41) is suspended from arms (50) which extend up to the classifier casing in the region of the cylindrical upper portion (46) of the bottom part (41) thereof and are distributed around the periphery of the casing.
  19. A pneumatic classifier according to any of claims 1 - 18, characterised by a classifier wheel (1 - 3) wherein the internal height between the cover plate (1, 2) on the downstream side and the second cover plate (2, 1) changes from the outlet edges of the vanes (3) to the outlet nozzle (5; 57).
  20. A pneumatic classifier according to claim 19, characterised in that the change is an increase.
  21. A pneumatic classifier according to claim 19 or 20, characterised in that the increase is continuous.
  22. A pneumatic classifier according to claim 21, characterised in that the increase remains constant for each radius between the vane outlet edges and the outlet nozzle (5; 57).
  23. A pneumatic classifier according to claims 1 and 2, characterised in that the outlet nozzle (5, 6, 18) has an immersion tube portion (5, 6) which extends into the downstream cover plate (1) and is non-rotatably connected thereto.
  24. A pneumatic classifier according to claim 23, characterised in that the outlet nozzle (5, 6, 18) has a portion (5) in which the cross-section of the immersion tube continuously increases, between the cover plate (1) connected to the outlet nozzle and the outlet chamber (the chamber-like widening 18) of the outlet nozzle (5, 6, 18).
EP91112707A 1990-08-01 1991-07-29 Pneumatic classifier, preferably a vertical one Expired - Lifetime EP0472930B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4024440A DE4024440A1 (en) 1990-08-01 1990-08-01 Vertical winnowing machine impeller with curved vanes - has step formed between impeller outlet duct and outlet chamber
DE4024440 1990-08-01
DE4025247 1990-08-09
DE4025247A DE4025247A1 (en) 1990-08-09 1990-08-09 Turbine-type air sifter - has lower end plate of rotor dished so that distance between end plates increases towards centre
US07/900,310 US5244481A (en) 1990-08-01 1992-06-18 Preferably vertical air separator

Publications (3)

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EP0472930A2 EP0472930A2 (en) 1992-03-04
EP0472930A3 EP0472930A3 (en) 1992-10-21
EP0472930B1 true EP0472930B1 (en) 1996-10-16

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EP91112707A Expired - Lifetime EP0472930B1 (en) 1990-08-01 1991-07-29 Pneumatic classifier, preferably a vertical one

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US (1) US5252110A (en)
EP (1) EP0472930B1 (en)
JP (1) JP3326188B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE144169T1 (en)
DE (1) DE59108284D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2093052T3 (en)

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101421044B (en) * 2006-04-13 2012-11-28 罗兰·尼德 Method for the production of very fine particles by means of a jet mill
DE102006023193A1 (en) * 2006-05-17 2007-11-22 Nied, Roland, Dr.-Ing. Method for producing finest particles by means of a jet mill
EP2959975A1 (en) 2006-10-16 2015-12-30 Nied, Roland, Dr.-Ing. Method for producing very fine particles with a jet mill and jet mill for same
DE102007052269A1 (en) 2007-11-02 2009-05-07 Evonik Degussa Gmbh Precipitated silicic acids for storage-stable RTV-1 silicone rubber formulations without stabilizer
EP2301667A2 (en) 2009-09-29 2011-03-30 Evonik Degussa GmbH Low pressure grinding method
DE102009045116A1 (en) 2009-09-29 2011-03-31 Evonik Degussa Gmbh Niederdruckvermahlungsverfahren
DE102017209874A1 (en) 2017-06-12 2018-12-13 Evonik Degussa Gmbh Process for the preparation of wax-coated silica
WO2018228878A1 (en) 2017-06-12 2018-12-20 Evonik Degussa Gmbh Method for producing wax-coated silicic acid

Also Published As

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JP3326188B2 (en) 2002-09-17
ATE144169T1 (en) 1996-11-15
DE59108284D1 (en) 1996-11-21
ES2093052T3 (en) 1996-12-16
JPH04227092A (en) 1992-08-17
US5252110A (en) 1993-10-12
EP0472930A3 (en) 1992-10-21
EP0472930A2 (en) 1992-03-04

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