EP0470112A1 - Process for obtaining a solid fertilizer product from liquid manure - Google Patents

Process for obtaining a solid fertilizer product from liquid manure

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Publication number
EP0470112A1
EP0470112A1 EP90906201A EP90906201A EP0470112A1 EP 0470112 A1 EP0470112 A1 EP 0470112A1 EP 90906201 A EP90906201 A EP 90906201A EP 90906201 A EP90906201 A EP 90906201A EP 0470112 A1 EP0470112 A1 EP 0470112A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
manure
temperature
mineral salt
solid
stirring
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP90906201A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Adolf Dipl.-Ing. Voss
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Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0470112A1 publication Critical patent/EP0470112A1/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B5/00—Thomas phosphate; Other slag phosphates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D3/00—Calcareous fertilisers
    • C05D3/02—Calcareous fertilisers from limestone, calcium carbonate, calcium hydrate, slaked lime, calcium oxide, waste calcium products
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/141—Feedstock
    • Y02P20/145—Feedstock the feedstock being materials of biological origin
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for processing raw liquid manure, such as is obtained in agricultural operations, in particular in livestock farms, especially in calf, cattle and pig fattening, to form a solid, free-flowing fertilizer product.
  • Liquid manure is understood as liquid manure which is composed of urine, faeces and water and which has been produced in considerable quantities in the course of the increasing mass animal husbandry in recent years.
  • liquid manure which is composed of urine, faeces and water and which has been produced in considerable quantities in the course of the increasing mass animal husbandry in recent years.
  • liquid manure a liquid rich in nitrogen
  • manure is in itself a growth-damaging substance, which is why the manure is usually applied to meadows and fields in winter.
  • DE-OS 32 25 454 it is proposed to mix fecal waste with clay minerals, fecal-specific microorganisms, lime and acid phosphates in order to make this waste usable.
  • DE-OS 26 42 332 proposes a process for drying wet manure, such as horse manure, chicken manure and cow manure, in which the wet manure is mixed with lime, ground, rolled or sieved and processed into spreading manure.
  • DE-OS 36 24 988 discloses a process for the preparation of liquid manure from large animal holdings using lime and bentonite, in which a carboxylic acid is additionally added during the mixing in order to obtain an earth-moist, crumbly mass.
  • the object of the invention was therefore to create a process for processing raw manure into a solid, free-flowing fertilizer product which is technically simple and economical on the one hand and on the other hand the continuous processing of raw manure at the place of its production into one solid, free-flowing 5 fertilizer product allowed, which is storable and can be transported to any location in an economical manner.
  • the raw liquid manure is first decomposed into a free-flowing solid fertilizer product in a conventional bio-degassing system with stirring at room temperature to a slightly elevated temperature, preferably about 30 to 35 ° C., for 1 to 2 weeks about hydrocarbon gases, 1 - ⁇ - in particular methane, sulfur-containing gases, in particular H "S, and nitrogenous gases, in particular NH.”
  • a slightly elevated temperature preferably about 30 to 35 ° C.
  • the method according to the invention it is possible to process the raw liquid manure that is produced in factory farming on site in a technically simple and economical manner into a valuable fertilizer that can be easily packaged, stored and transported in an economical manner to the desired places of use.
  • the combination of treatment stages proposed according to the invention enables the raw manure to be processed much more quickly and thus more economically into a solid fertilizer product, since the water is removed therefrom in a harmless manner in the manner claimed. Since the nitrate components are reduced to a value of almost 0 when processing the raw manure to the fertilizer product according to the method according to the invention, the method according to the invention is extremely environmentally friendly and reliably avoids the undesirable increase in the nitrate content in the groundwater and the associated increase , population policy issues of considerable importance.
  • the digestion of the raw liquid manure is preferably carried out in two stages with the addition of anaerobic and aerobic microorganisms, whereby; the: fermentation of the raw manure is greatly accelerated.
  • the method according to the invention is carried out in a single container, which enables continuous or batch-wise operation. It is also possible to operate the method according to the invention centrally in an area in which several large cattle farmers are based, the liquid manure being transported by tanker to the central disposal station and being processed there centrally to form valuable free-flowing fertilizer. In "le such Fal ⁇ a fully continuous operation of the system is possible, which may also comprise a filling and weighing, is weighed in the finished product and packaged in sacks.
  • the method according to the invention can also be carried out in a mobile, portable device which is mounted, for example, on a truck trailer, in order to bring the system to the plants in which the raw manure is obtained.
  • the method according to the invention is extremely simple to carry out and can also be carried out by untrained or trained personnel, practically every agricultural business is able to carry out the method according to the invention.
  • the volatile constituents, in particular ammonia, which arise during the digestion of the raw manure in a bio-degassing plant can be expelled from the water by heating and the water can be returned to the circuit.
  • the gas generated in the biogas plant can also be used to heat up the mixing stage in order to accelerate the chemical process taking place in it.
  • the free-flowing dry fertilizer product obtainable by the process according to the invention is stable and can be stored in the customary manner and, after being packed in sacks, can be transported to any place of use.
  • the scatterable fertilizer obtainable by the process according to the invention is an extraordinarily high-quality material owing to its relatively low sulfate and nitrate content and its high phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium content.
  • the implementation of the method according to the invention is particularly economical, in particular, because bio-degassing systems, such as can be used to carry out the method according to the invention, are already widespread and the additives, in particular thomas flour, required to carry out the method according to the invention are large Amounts are available at an affordable price.
  • composition of an exemplary manure treated according to the invention can be seen from the table below.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

Procédé pour transformer le purin brut, tel qu'on le trouve dans les exploitations agricoles, en particulier d'élevage de bétail (veaux, vaches, cochons en particulier), pour en faire de l'engrais solide coulant. Ce procédé comporte les trois phases successives suivantes: (a) on députréfie le purin brut dans une installation biologique d'extraction de gaz en le remuant, à la température ambiante ou à une température légèrement supérieure, pendant une à deux semaines, afin d'éliminer les gaz d'hydrocarbures, les gaz contenant du soufre et les gaz contenant de l'azote, en particulier le méthane, H2S et NH3; on obtient ainsi un purin députréfié colloïdal homogène pratiquement inodore; (b) on transforme et on rend granuleux le purin députréfié colloïdal obtenu lors de la phase (a) dans un mélangeur brasseur chauffable, en particulier un tambour rotatif, avec un sel minéral de calcium, le rapport entre le purin et le sel minéral de calcium étant de l'ordre de 1:1 à 4:1, en le remuant et en le chauffant jusqu'à une température de l'ordre de 30 à 80°C; et (c) on concasse encore le produit solide obtenu lors de la phase (b), le cas échéant, dans un appareil de broyage habituel, et on le moud en particulier jusqu'à obtenir la granulométrie désirée; enfin on l'agglomère en boulettes en ajoutant les produits de désintégration habituels pour obtenir un engrais coulable.Process for transforming raw manure, as it is found on agricultural holdings, in particular for breeding cattle (calves, cows, pigs in particular), to make it into solid solid fertilizer. This process comprises the following three successive phases: (a) the raw manure is deputrefied in a biological gas extraction installation by stirring it, at room temperature or at a slightly higher temperature, for one to two weeks, in order to eliminating hydrocarbon gases, gases containing sulfur and gases containing nitrogen, in particular methane, H2S and NH3; a homogeneous, almost odorless colloidal deputrefied manure is thus obtained; (b) the colloidal deputrefied manure obtained during phase (a) is transformed and made granular in a heatable stirring mixer, in particular a rotary drum, with a calcium mineral salt, the ratio between the manure and the mineral salt of calcium being of the order of 1: 1 to 4: 1, stirring and heating it to a temperature of the order of 30 to 80 ° C; and (c) the solid product obtained during phase (b) is further crushed, if necessary, in a usual grinding apparatus, and it is ground in particular until the desired particle size is obtained; finally it is agglomerated into pellets by adding the usual disintegration products to obtain a flowable fertilizer.

Description

VERFAHREN ZUR VERARBEITUNG VON GÜLLE ZU EINEM FESTEN DÜNGEMITTEL-PRCDUKT V LEARN FOR PROCESSING MANURE TO A SOLID FERTILIZER PRCDUKT
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Verarbeitung von Rohgülle, wie sie in landwirtschaftlichen Betrieben, insbe¬ sondere in Viehzuchtbetrieben, speziell bei der Kälber-, Rin-' der- und Schweinemast, anfällt, zu einem festen, rieselfähi¬ gen Düngemittel-Produkt.The invention relates to a method for processing raw liquid manure, such as is obtained in agricultural operations, in particular in livestock farms, especially in calf, cattle and pig fattening, to form a solid, free-flowing fertilizer product.
Unter Gülle bzw. Rohgülle versteht man flüssigen Stalldünger, der sich aus Harn, Kot und Wasser zusammensetzt und der bei der zunehmenden Massentierhaltung in den letzten Jahren in erheb¬ lichen Mengen produziert wird. Als Folge der immer strenger werdenden umweltschützenden und umwelterhaltenden Verhaltens¬ regeln und Verordnungen ist es für viele Massentierhalter heu¬ te außerordentlich schwierig, die in seinem Betrieb anfallenden riesigen Güllemengen zu bewältigen.Liquid manure is understood as liquid manure which is composed of urine, faeces and water and which has been produced in considerable quantities in the course of the increasing mass animal husbandry in recent years. As a result of the ever stricter environmental protection and conservation rules and regulations, it is extremely difficult for many factory owners to manage the huge quantities of manure that occur in their businesses.
Ein großer Teil der bei der Massentierhaltung anfallenden Gülle wird durch Versprühen auf Felder und Wiesen ausge¬ bracht. Dies setzt jedoch voraus, daß der Massentierhalter über entsprechend große landwirtschaftliche Flächen verfügt, was bei der zunehmenden Arbeitsteilung inFleisch .produzierende landwirtschaftliche Betriebe mit verhältnismäßig geringer landwirtschaftlicher Nutzfläche und in Getreide-, Mais-, Ge¬ müse und sonstige landwirtschaftliche Produkte produzierende Betriebe mit überwiegend großen landwirtschaftlichen Anbau¬ flächen eisi nicht der Fall ist. Es besteht somit das Problem, daß die Gülle an dem Ort, an dem sie produziert wird, meist nicht landwirtschaftlich sinnvoll eingesetzt werden kann, son¬ dern an andere Einsatzorte verbracht werden muß, was einen er¬ heblichen technischen und finanziellen Aufwand mit sich bringt.A large portion of expenses incurred factory farms manure is applied by spraying on fields and meadows out ¬. However, this presupposes that the factory owner has correspondingly large agricultural areas, which, with the increasing division of labor into meat-producing farms with a relatively small agricultural usable area and in cereals, maize, vegetables and other agricultural products-producing farms with a predominantly large area agricultural acreage is not the case. There is therefore the problem that the liquid manure can usually not be used in an agriculturally sensible manner at the place where it is produced, but must be brought to other places of use, which entails considerable technical and financial expenditure.
Hinzu kommt, daß Gülle, eine an Stickstoff reiche Flüssigkeit, an sich ein wachstumsschädlicher Stoff ist, weshalb die Ver¬ bringung der Gülle auf Wiesen und Äcker meistens im Winter- .In addition, liquid manure, a liquid rich in nitrogen, is in itself a growth-damaging substance, which is why the manure is usually applied to meadows and fields in winter. ,
halbjahr, wenn die Wachstumsperiode abgeschlossen ist bzw. noch nicht begonnen hat, erfolgt. Durch den Umstand, daß ein großer Anteil der Gülle mit seinem nitratbildenden Bestandteil im Boden versickert, gelangt Nitrat in das Grundwasser und da- mit in das Trinkwasser, dessen Nitratgehalt weit über das zu¬ lässige Maß hinaus ansteigt und die Gesundheit der Bevölkerung, insbesondere der Kleinkinder, gefährdet. Trinkwasser mit einem hohen Nitratgehalt führt nicht nur zu der als Blausucht be¬ kannten Erkrankung bei Kleinkindern als Folge eines Defizits an Sauerstoff im Blut, sondern dadurch können auch Stoffwech¬ selprozesse in Gang gesetzt werden, die zur Bildung von krebs¬ erregenden Verbindungen führen können.half year, when the growth period has ended or has not yet started. Due to the fact that a large proportion of the manure with its nitrate-forming component seeps into the ground, nitrate gets into the groundwater and thus into the drinking water, the nitrate content of which rises far beyond the permissible level and the health of the population, especially the Infants at risk. Drinking water with a high nitrate content not only leads to the illness known as cyanide in young children as a result of a deficiency in oxygen in the blood, but also can trigger metabolic processes which can lead to the formation of carcinogenic compounds.
Obgleich diese Probleme bereits seit langem bekannt sind und schon verschiedene Vorschläge zur Lösung dieser Probleme ge¬ macht worden sind, ist eine allseits befriedigende, wirtschaft¬ liche Lösung dieser Probleme bisher noch nicht gefunden worden.Although these problems have been known for a long time and various proposals have been made to solve these problems, an economically satisfactory solution to these problems which has been satisfactory on all sides has not yet been found.
In der DE-OS 32 25 454 wird beispielsweise vorgeschlagen, fäka- le Abfälle mit Tonmineralien, Fäkalien-spezifischen Mikroorga¬ nismen, Kalk und sauren Phosphaten zu vermischen, um so diese Abfälle verwertbar zu machen.In DE-OS 32 25 454, for example, it is proposed to mix fecal waste with clay minerals, fecal-specific microorganisms, lime and acid phosphates in order to make this waste usable.
In der DE-OS 26 42 332 wird ein Verfahren zur Trocknung von Naßdünger, wie Pferdemist, Hühnermist und Kuhmist, vorgeschla¬ gen, bei dem der Naßdünger mit Kalk vermischt, gemahlen, ge¬ walzt oder gesiebt und zu Streudünger verarbeitet wird.DE-OS 26 42 332 proposes a process for drying wet manure, such as horse manure, chicken manure and cow manure, in which the wet manure is mixed with lime, ground, rolled or sieved and processed into spreading manure.
Aus der DE-OS 19 54 629 ist es ferner bekannt, Hühnermist mit trockenem Kalk zu vermengen, während in der DE-PS 33 17 241 vorgeschlagen wird, Hühnermist mit Bentonitmehl und gebranntem Kalk zu vermischen und das Reaktionsprodukt zu einem festen Düngemittel zu verarbeiten.From DE-OS 19 54 629 it is also known to mix chicken manure with dry lime, while in DE-PS 33 17 241 it is proposed to mix chicken manure with bentonite flour and quicklime and to process the reaction product into a solid fertilizer.
Diese bekannten Verfahren stellen jedoch sehr aufwendige Pro¬ zesse dar, die einer genauen Überwachung und Dosierung der zu¬ gesetzten Stoffe bedürfen und daher in aller Regel unwirt- 1 schaftlicher sind als das an sich unerwünschte Ausbringen der nassen Gülle auf Wiesen und Felder, so daß letzteres Ver¬ fahren immer noch in viel zu hohem Umfange angewendet wird. Darüber hinaus sind die bei diesen bekannten Verfahren zur Er- zielung eines rieselfähigen festen Düngemittelprodukts erfor¬ derlichen Mengen an gebranntem Kalk und Bentonit außerordent¬ lich hoch, wodurch die Verarbeitung von Gülle auf diesem We¬ ge unwirtschaftlich wird.However, these known methods represent very complex processes which require precise monitoring and metering of the added substances and are therefore generally inhospitable. 1 are more economical than spreading the wet manure on meadows and fields, which is undesirable per se, so that the latter method is still used to far too great an extent. In addition, the amounts of burnt lime and bentonite required in these known methods for achieving a free-flowing solid fertilizer product are extraordinarily high, as a result of which the processing of liquid manure in this way becomes uneconomical.
Aus der DE-OS 36 24 988 ist ein Verfahren zur Aufbereitung von Gülle aus Großtierhaltungen unter Verwendung von Kalk und Bentonit bekannt, bei dem beim Vermischen zusätzlich noch ei¬ ne Carbonsäure zugesetzt wird, um eine erdfeuchte krümelige Masse zu erhalten. Obgleich dieses Verfahren die zuverlässige 5 Verarbeitung von Rohgülle zu einem festen rieselfähigen Dünge¬ mittelprodukt erlaubt, ist es immer noch zu aufwendig und un¬ wirtschaftlich, um auch für kleinere landwirtschaftliche Be¬ triebe akzeptabel zu sein.DE-OS 36 24 988 discloses a process for the preparation of liquid manure from large animal holdings using lime and bentonite, in which a carboxylic acid is additionally added during the mixing in order to obtain an earth-moist, crumbly mass. Although this method permits the reliable processing of raw manure into a solid, free-flowing fertilizer product, it is still too complex and uneconomical to be acceptable even for smaller agricultural operations.
Aufgabe der Erfindung war es daher, ein Verfahren zur Verar¬ beitung von Rohgülle zu einem festen, rieselfähigen Düngemit¬ tel-Produkt zu schaffen, das einerseits technisch einfach und wirtschaftlich ist und andererseits die kontinuierliche Verar¬ beitung von Rohgülle am Ort ihrer Produktion zu einem festen, 5 rieselfähigen Düngemittel-Produkt erlaubt, das lagerfähig ist und auf wirtschaftliche Weise zu beliebigen Einsatzorten transportiert werden kann.The object of the invention was therefore to create a process for processing raw manure into a solid, free-flowing fertilizer product which is technically simple and economical on the one hand and on the other hand the continuous processing of raw manure at the place of its production into one solid, free-flowing 5 fertilizer product allowed, which is storable and can be transported to any location in an economical manner.
Es wurde nun gefunden, daß diese Aufgabe erfindüngsgemäß da- 0 .durch gelöst werden kann, daß bei einem Verfahren zur Verar¬ beitung von Rohgülle, wie sie in landwirtschaftlichen Betrie¬ ben, insbesondere in Viehzuchtbetrieben, speziell bei der Kälber-, Rinder- und Schweinemast, anfällt, zu einem riesel¬ fähigen festen Düngemittel-Produkt die Rohgülle zuerst in ei- g ner üblichen Bioentgasungsanläge unter Rühren bei Raumtempe¬ ratur bis leicht erhöhter Temperatur, vorzugsweise ca. 30 bis 35°C, 1 bis 2 Wochen lang entfault wird um Kohlenwasserstoffgase, 1 - Α - insbesondere Methan, schwefelhaltige Gase, insbesondere H„S, und stickstoffhaltige Gase, insbesondere NH.,, daraus zu ent¬ fernen unter Bildung einer nahezu geruchlosen, homogenen, kol- loidierten, d.h. nicht mehr entmischbaren entfaulten Gülle, wonach in einer weiteren Stufe die erhaltene entfaulte kollo- idierte Gülle in einem beheizbaren Rührbehälter, insbesondere in einer Drehrohrtrommel, mit einem Calciummineralsalz im Ver¬ hältnis Gülle:Calciummineralsalz in einemVerhältnisvon 1:1 bis 4:1, vorzugsweise im Verhältnis von 2:1, unter Rühren und un¬ ter Erwärmen auf eine Temperatur im Bereich von 30 bis 80°C, vorzugsweise 30 bis 50 C, versetzt und gleichzeitig granuliert wird, und das dabei erhaltene feste Produkt - falls erforder¬ lich - schließlich in einer geeigneten Mahlvorrichtung weiter zerklei¬ nert wird, insbesondere auf die gewünschte Korngröße gemahlen, und unter Zusatz üblicher Desintegrationsamittel zu einem rieselfähigen Produkt granuliert wird.It has now been found that this object can be achieved, according to the invention, by using a method for processing raw manure such as that used in agricultural operations, particularly in cattle breeding operations, especially in calves, cattle and Pig fattening occurs, the raw liquid manure is first decomposed into a free-flowing solid fertilizer product in a conventional bio-degassing system with stirring at room temperature to a slightly elevated temperature, preferably about 30 to 35 ° C., for 1 to 2 weeks about hydrocarbon gases, 1 - Α - in particular methane, sulfur-containing gases, in particular H "S, and nitrogenous gases, in particular NH.", To be removed therefrom with formation of an almost odorless, homogeneous, coloidized, ie no longer unmixable, decayed slurry, after which in In a further stage, the decayed colloided slurry obtained is heated in a stirred tank, in particular in a rotary drum, with a calcium mineral salt in the ratio slurry: calcium mineral salt in a ratio of 1: 1 to 4: 1, preferably in a ratio of 2: 1, with stirring and while heating to a temperature in the range from 30 to 80 ° C., preferably 30 to 50 ° C., is added and at the same time granulated, and the solid product obtained, if necessary, is finally further comminuted in a suitable grinding device is ground, in particular to the desired grain size, and granulated into a free-flowing product with the addition of customary disintegration agents becomes.
Nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren ist es möglich, die bei der Massentierhaltung entstehende Rohgülle an Ort und Stelle auf technisch einfache und wirtschaftliche Weise zu einem wertvollen Düngemittel zu verarbeiten, das leicht verpackt, gelagert und auf wirtschaftliche Weise zu den gewünschten Einsatzorten transportiert werden kann. Durch die erfindungs- gemäß vorgeschlagene Kombination von Behandlungsstufen läßt sich die Rohgülle wesentlich schneller und damit wirtschaft¬ licher zu einem festen Düngemittelprodukt verarbeiten, da auf die beanspruchte Weise das Wasser unschädlich daraus entfernt wird. Da bei der Verarbeitung der Rohgülle zu dem Düngemittel¬ produkt nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren die Nitratantei¬ le auf einen Wert von nahezu 0 zurückgeführt werden, ist das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren außerordentlich umweltfreundlich und vermeidet zuverlässig die unerwünschte Erhöhung des Ni- tratgehaltes im Grundwasser und die damit verbundene ,bevölke¬ rungspolitisch erheblich ins Gewicht fallenden Probleme.According to the method according to the invention, it is possible to process the raw liquid manure that is produced in factory farming on site in a technically simple and economical manner into a valuable fertilizer that can be easily packaged, stored and transported in an economical manner to the desired places of use. The combination of treatment stages proposed according to the invention enables the raw manure to be processed much more quickly and thus more economically into a solid fertilizer product, since the water is removed therefrom in a harmless manner in the manner claimed. Since the nitrate components are reduced to a value of almost 0 when processing the raw manure to the fertilizer product according to the method according to the invention, the method according to the invention is extremely environmentally friendly and reliably avoids the undesirable increase in the nitrate content in the groundwater and the associated increase , population policy issues of considerable importance.
Vorzugsweise wird die Entfaulung der Rohgülle erfindungsge¬ mäß in zwei Stufen unter Zugabe anaerober und aerober Mikro¬ organismen durchgeführt, wodurch ; die: Vergärung der Roh¬ gülle stark beschleunigt wird. Vorzugsweise werden alle Stu- fen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens in einem einzigen Be¬ hälter durchgeführt, wodurch ein kontinuierlicher bzw. Chargen- weiser Betrieb möglich ist. Es ist auch möglich, das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zentral in einem Gebiet zu betrei- ben, in dem mehrere Großviehhalter ihren Sitz haben, wobei die Gülle mittels Tankwagen in die zentrale Entsorgungssta- tion transportiert und dort zentral zu wertvollem riesel¬ fähigem Dünger verarbeitet werden kann. In" einem solchen Fal¬ le ist ein voll—kontinuierlicher Betrieb der Anlage möglich, die auch eine Abfüll- und Wägeeinrichtung umfassen kann, in der das fertige Produkt gewogen und in Säcke abgefüllt wird.According to the invention, the digestion of the raw liquid manure is preferably carried out in two stages with the addition of anaerobic and aerobic microorganisms, whereby; the: fermentation of the raw manure is greatly accelerated. Preferably all students The method according to the invention is carried out in a single container, which enables continuous or batch-wise operation. It is also possible to operate the method according to the invention centrally in an area in which several large cattle farmers are based, the liquid manure being transported by tanker to the central disposal station and being processed there centrally to form valuable free-flowing fertilizer. In "le such Fal¬ a fully continuous operation of the system is possible, which may also comprise a filling and weighing, is weighed in the finished product and packaged in sacks.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren kann aber auch in einer mobi¬ len, transportablen Vorrichtung durchgeführt werden, die bei- spielsweise auf einem Lastwagenanhänger montiert ist, um so die Anlage zu den Betrieben zu bringen, in denen die Rohgül¬ le anfällt.However, the method according to the invention can also be carried out in a mobile, portable device which is mounted, for example, on a truck trailer, in order to bring the system to the plants in which the raw manure is obtained.
Da die Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens außer- ordentlich einfach ist und auch durch ungeschultes bzw. ange¬ lerntes Personal erfolgen kann, ist praktisch jeder landwirt¬ schaftliche Betrieb in der Lage, das erfindungsgemäße Verfah¬ ren durchzuführen. Darüber hinaus ist es auch möglich, die er¬ findungsgemäße Verarbeitung von Rohgülle zu Düngemittel-Pro- dukt zu automatisieren. Die bei der Entfaulung der Rohgülle in einer Bioentgasungsanlage entstehenden flüchtigen Bestand¬ teile, insbesondere Ammoniak, können durch Erwärmen aus dem Wasser ausgetrieben werden und das Wasser kann in den Kreis¬ lauf zurückgeführt werden. Es ist aber auch möglich, die bei der Entfaulung abgehenden ^Dämpfe und Gase zu kondensieren und über Leitungen einer anderen industriellen Verwertung zuzufüh¬ ren.Since the method according to the invention is extremely simple to carry out and can also be carried out by untrained or trained personnel, practically every agricultural business is able to carry out the method according to the invention. In addition, it is also possible to automate the processing of raw manure into fertilizer product according to the invention. The volatile constituents, in particular ammonia, which arise during the digestion of the raw manure in a bio-degassing plant can be expelled from the water by heating and the water can be returned to the circuit. However, it is also possible to condense the vapors and gases leaving during the digestion and to feed them to another industrial application via lines.
Das in der Biogasanlage entstehende Gas kann aber auch zum Aufheiz Mischstufe ausgenutzt werden , um so den darin ablaufenden chemischen Vorgang zu beschleunigen .The gas generated in the biogas plant can also be used to heat up the mixing stage in order to accelerate the chemical process taking place in it.
Wichtig ist, daß die Rohgülle im Biogas-Reaktor kolloidiert wird und so¬ mit nicht mehr entmischbar ist, z.T. durch entstehendes Vakuum und durch das Mischen. Das nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren erhältliche riesel¬ fähige trockene Düngemittel-Produkt ist stabil und läßt sich auf übliche Weise lagern und nach dem Abpacken in Säcke zu jedem beliebigen Einsatzort transportieren. Der nach dem er¬ findungsgemäßen Verfahren erhältliche streubare Dünger ist ein außerordentlich hochwertiges Material -aufgrund seines verhältnismäßig niedrigen Gehaltes an Sulfaten und Nitraten und seines hohen Phosphor-, Kalium-, Calcium- und Magnesium- anteils.It is important that the raw liquid manure is colloided in the biogas reactor and is therefore no longer demixable, partly due to the resulting vacuum and the mixing. The free-flowing dry fertilizer product obtainable by the process according to the invention is stable and can be stored in the customary manner and, after being packed in sacks, can be transported to any place of use. The scatterable fertilizer obtainable by the process according to the invention is an extraordinarily high-quality material owing to its relatively low sulfate and nitrate content and its high phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium content.
Die Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens ist insbe¬ sondere deshalb besonders wirtschaftlich, weil Bioentgasungs- anlagen, wie sie zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Ver¬ fahrens eingesetzt werden können, bereits weit verbreitet sind und diezurDurchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens erforder¬ lichen Zusatzstoffe, insbesondere Thomasmehl, in großen Men¬ gen zu einem günstigen Preis verfügbar sind.The implementation of the method according to the invention is particularly economical, in particular, because bio-degassing systems, such as can be used to carry out the method according to the invention, are already widespread and the additives, in particular thomas flour, required to carry out the method according to the invention are large Amounts are available at an affordable price.
Die Zusammensetzung einer beispielhaften, erfindungsgemäß be- handelten Gülle ist aus der nachstehenden Tabelle ersichtlich.The composition of an exemplary manure treated according to the invention can be seen from the table below.

Claims

P A T E N T A S P R Ü C H E PATENT LANGUAGES
1. Verfahren zur Verarbeitung von Rohgülle, wie sie in land¬ wirtschaftlichen Betrieben, insbesondere in Viehzuchtbetrie¬ ben, speziell bei der Kälber-, Rinder- und Schweinemast, an- fällt, zu einem festen, rieselfähigen Düngemittel-Produkt, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß1. Process for processing raw manure, such as occurs in agricultural operations, in particular in cattle breeding operations, especially in the case of calf, cattle and pig fattening, to form a solid, free-flowing fertilizer product, thereby ensuring that
(a) die Rohgülle in einer üblichen Bio-En'tgasungsanlage un¬ ter Rühren bei Raumtemperatur bis leicht erhöhter Tempe- ratur (ca. 30 bis 35°C) 1 bis 2 Wochen lang entfault wird zur Entfernung von Kohlenwasserstoff gasen, schwefelhaltigen Gasen und' stickstoffhaltigen Gasen, insbesondere Methan, H2S und N NHH,,,, uunntteerr BBiilldduunngg eeiinneerr nnaahheezzuu geruchlosen , homogenen ,(a) the raw slurry in a usual organic En 'tgasungsanlage un¬ ter stirring at room temperature to slightly elevated temperature-temperature (about 30 to 35 ° C) 1 to 2 weeks will entfault long gases to remove hydrocarbon, sulfur-containing gases and ' nitrogenous gases, especially methane, H 2 S and N NHH ,,,, uunntteerr BBiilldduunngg eeiinneerr nnaahheezzuu odorless, homogeneous,
3 kolloidierten entfaulten Gülle,3 colloided decayed manure,
5 (b) die in der Stufe (a) erhaltene kolloidierte entfaulte Gülle in einem beheizbaren Rührbehälter , insbesondere einer Drehrohrr trommel , mit einem Calciummineralsalz im Verhältnis Gül¬ le : Calciummineralsalz in e inem Bereich von 1 : 1 bis 4 : 1 unter "Rühren und unter Erwärmen auf eine Temperatur im 10 Bereich von 30 bis 80°C versetzt und gleichzeitig granuliert wird und5 (b) obtained in the step (a) kolloidierte entfaulte slurry into a heatable stirred tank, in particular a Drehrohrr drum, le with a calcium mineral salt in a ratio Gül¬: Calcium mineral salt in e INEM range from 1: 1 to 4: 1 of "stirring and heated to a temperature in the range from 30 to 80 ° C. and simultaneously granulated and
(c) das in der Stufe (b) erhaltene feste Produkt - falls erfor¬ derlich - in einer üblichen Mahlvorrichtung weiter zerkleir.ert, ins¬ besondere auf die gewünschte Korngröße gemahlen, und unter Zusatz übli- , c eher Desintegrationsmittel zu einem rieselfähigen Dünge¬ mittel-Produkt qranuliert wird .(c) the solid product obtained in step (b) - if necessary - further comminuted in a conventional grinding device, in particular ground to the desired grain size, and with the addition of conventional disintegrants to a free-flowing fertilizer ¬ medium product is granulated.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß in der Stufe (b) die entfaulte Gülle mit dem Calciummineral¬2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that in step (b) the digested slurry with the calcium mineral
20 salz im Verhältnis 2 : 1 gemischt wird .20 salt is mixed in a ratio of 2: 1.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Calciummineralsalz gebrannter Kalk oder Thomasschlacke verwendet wird.3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that burnt lime or Thomas slag is used as the calcium mineral salt.
2525
4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Calciummineralsalz Thomasschlacke verwendet wird.4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that thomas slag is used as calcium mineral salt.
5. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch ge¬ kennzeichnet, daß die Entfaulung in der Stufe (a) in der Bio-5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized ge indicates that the digestion in step (a) in the biological
30 Entgasungsanlage bei 30 bis 35°C in zwei Stufen unter Zugabe anaerober bzw. aerober Mikroorganismen durchgeführt wird.30 degassing at 30 to 35 ° C in two stages with the addition of anaerobic or aerobic microorganisms.
6. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch ge¬ kennzeichnet, daß in der Stufe (b) eine Temperatur in dem Be¬6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that in step (b) a temperature in the Be¬
35 reich zwischen 30 und 50 C angewendet wird. 35 rich between 30 and 50 C is applied.
7. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch ge¬ kennzeichnet, daß die Stufen (a) , (b) und (c) in einem einzi¬ gen Behälter durchgeführt werden. 7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized ge indicates that stages (a), (b) and (c) are carried out in a single container.
EP90906201A 1989-04-26 1990-04-21 Process for obtaining a solid fertilizer product from liquid manure Ceased EP0470112A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3913657 1989-04-26
DE3913657A DE3913657A1 (en) 1989-04-26 1989-04-26 METHOD FOR PROCESSING GUELLE TO A SOLID DETERGENT PRODUCT

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EP0470112A1 true EP0470112A1 (en) 1992-02-12

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Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4114370A1 (en) * 1991-05-02 1992-11-05 Rainer Fischer Compsns. for treating farmyard slurry
DE4114667A1 (en) * 1991-05-06 1992-11-12 Msg Marine Und Sondertechnik G Animal waste processing - by collecting methane gas from manure container as fuel and manure is spun and drying while steam is condensed and returned to water supply
EP3348539B1 (en) * 2017-01-11 2022-04-20 Ingo Bode Method of making an organic carbon fertiliser
NL2021420B1 (en) * 2018-08-03 2020-02-12 Taurus Global B V Manure pellets, and process and equipment for making the same.

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1467389A1 (en) * 1962-05-25 1968-12-12 Albert Ag Chem Werke Process for the production of fertilizers from sewage sludge
FR1386109A (en) * 1964-03-21 1965-01-15 Duengemittel Technik A G Process for preparing fertilizers from waste water
NO752211L (en) * 1974-07-05 1976-01-06 Sterling Drug Inc
GB1580801A (en) * 1976-04-07 1980-12-03 Soyza C De Fertilizers obtained from sewage
DE3015239A1 (en) * 1980-04-21 1981-10-22 Gebrüder Weiss KG, 6340 Dillenburg Bio-gas generation from household refuse and clarifying sludge - by mixing and grinding, swelling, flotation, water-extn., anaerobic putrefaction and composting
DE3225454C2 (en) * 1982-07-07 1985-04-18 Süd-Chemie AG, 8000 München Process for the treatment of faecal waste

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Title
See references of WO9012771A2 *

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WO1990012771A3 (en) 1990-12-13
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WO1990012771A2 (en) 1990-11-01

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