EP0467739B1 - Method for manufacturing agglomerates and products thus obtained - Google Patents
Method for manufacturing agglomerates and products thus obtained Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0467739B1 EP0467739B1 EP19910401841 EP91401841A EP0467739B1 EP 0467739 B1 EP0467739 B1 EP 0467739B1 EP 19910401841 EP19910401841 EP 19910401841 EP 91401841 A EP91401841 A EP 91401841A EP 0467739 B1 EP0467739 B1 EP 0467739B1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- molasses
- ammonium
- binder
- agglomerates
- weight
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
- C22B1/242—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders
- C22B1/244—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders organic
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
- C10L5/06—Methods of shaping, e.g. pelletizing or briquetting
- C10L5/10—Methods of shaping, e.g. pelletizing or briquetting with the aid of binders, e.g. pretreated binders
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the manufacture of agglomerates, in particular agglomerates based on combustible solid materials, or ores. It relates more particularly to a process for agglomerating these materials in the form of powders, fines or granules by using a new binder system with a low sulfur content, as well as the products obtained.
- agglomeration processes for forming briquettes or other agglomerates based on solid fuels such as coal, anthracite, coke which use binders or other additives.
- the binders make it possible to increase the cohesion of the agglomerates and must preserve this cohesion under the conditions of storage outside and in particular in the presence of water.
- the binders must have suitable properties during the combustion of the agglomerate, when it comes to fuel, and in particular, they must not be the source of emissions of odors and gases harmful for the environment.
- binders recommended in the prior art are, for example, bitumen, starch, polyvinyl alcohols alone or in the presence of lime, as described in patent publication GB 2 138 442, a mixture of polyvinyl alcohol with molasses as described in patent publication EP 0 135 784, molasses catalyzed with calcium salts, phosphates as described in patent publication GB 230 306, or also black liquors paper mills with dichromate and sulfuric acid, as described in patent publication EP 0 127 351, molasses with black liquors as described in patent publication CA 1 113 246.
- Document US-A-3,567,811 also discloses agglomerates obtained by a process using a sugar such as molasses as a binder and the action of ammonium hydroxide and that of an acid, or also document EP-A-237,179, the use of an inorganic hardening agent.
- the invention overcomes the disadvantages mentioned. It proposes a process for the manufacture of agglomerates, using a binder system which provides good mechanical and chemical properties of resistance to agglomerates as well as good properties adapted to the combustion of agglomerates when it comes to fuels.
- the process according to the invention uses for agglomeration by compression and heating to a temperature between 100 and 300 ° C. fines, powders, granules, based on carbonaceous materials, in particular fuels such as coal, anthracite, coke, or based on ores or other minerals, a binder system comprising at least one binder chosen from molasses, and at least one catalyst for curing molasses chosen from organic or inorganic ammonium salts.
- Organic or inorganic ammonium salts whose catalytic action hardens against molasses had never been described before, yet provide by association with this molasses a particularly efficient binder system and having all the essential properties desired for the manufacture of agglomerates, in particular combustible agglomerates.
- the binder system is used in an amount of 5 to 20% by weight approximately relative to the total weight of the agglomerate.
- the invention also relates to an agglomerated product comprising from 80 to 95% by weight of fines, powders or granules to be agglomerated based on carbonaceous materials, in particular fuels such as coal, anthracite, coke or other minerals, and from 20 to 5% by weight of the binder system comprising at least one molasses and at least one organic or inorganic ammonium salt as catalyst for molasses.
- the molasses forming the actual binder according to the invention can be cane molasses or beet molasses. These molasses can be used alone or as a mixture with one another or with other binders such as lignosulfonates, in particular ammonium lignosulfonate, black liquors.
- the catalyst of the binder system used in the process according to the invention has the role in particular of making the binder, that is to say the molasses or molasses, insoluble in water.
- the organic or inorganic ammonium salts used as catalysts can be an acetate, carbonate, chloride, nitrate, sulfate, phosphate, ammonium lignosulfonate.
- the weight ratio between the binder itself and the catalyst depends on the choice of the catalyst used.
- the binder system is formed from about 40 to 90% molasses and from 60 to 10% ammonium lignosulfonate.
- the catalyst is ammonium nitrate, it can be used in a lower amount, from 0.5% by weight approximately up to 30% by weight approximately relative to the weight of the binder system.
- the fines, powders or granules which can be agglomerated by the process according to the invention are in particular based on combustible materials such as coal, anthracite, coke. They can also be minerals-based fines such as nickel, chromite, ferro-manganese, magnesium or other minerals such as fluorspar.
- a particularly advantageous agglomerated product according to the invention is a product based on combustible materials such as coal, anthracite, coke.
- This agglomerated product according to the invention can be in the form of briquettes, balls, etc., it is smokeless during use, insoluble and low in sulfur content.
- the agglomerate it is sufficient according to the invention to bring the fines into contact with the binder system, at a temperature and for a sufficient time to ensure the polymerization of the binder system, in particular at a temperature between 100 and 300 ° C for a period of approximately 3 minutes to approximately 3 hours.
- the binder and the catalyst it is possible to premix the two components forming the binder system beforehand, then mix with the material to be agglomerated.
- the material to be agglomerated can be premixed with the catalyst.
- the binder system according to the invention is advantageously used to agglomerate combustible materials to form briquettes, balls, etc. During the combustion of these briquettes, due to the use of molasses as a binder, the clearances of sulfur products in the form of gas are greatly reduced.
- Another advantage of the system according to the invention is that the ammonium salts used as a catalyst for molasses sublime under the combustion conditions and do not give ash.
- the agglomerates according to the invention have a good appearance and good resistance to crushing, even after a long immersion in water.
- the characteristics of the agglomerated by treating them after cooking with a water-repellent product, in particular by soaking in a water-repellent bath are advantageous characteristic of the invention.
- 100 g briquettes are made by pressing and baked for 30 min at 150 ° C, then 30 min at 240 ° C.
- the crush resistance measured after cooking on the Michaelis scale in the fiftieth is equal to 200 kg, but, after immersion for 16 hours in water, the crush resistance drops to less than 50 kg.
- Example 2 The procedure is as in Example 1, except that 12% molasses and 2% ferric oxide are used as binder.
- the briquettes obtained, of the same shape have a crushing resistance equal to 180 kg.
- An agglomerate of the same shape is obtained having a mechanical resistance to crushing greater than 180 kg. After a 16 hour immersion in water, the resistance loss is very low and less than 10%.
- the chipboard has a mechanical resistance to crushing greater than 165 kg.
- the loss of characteristics after 16 hours of immersion in water is less than 10%.
- An agglomerate is obtained having a mechanical resistance to crushing greater than 200 kg and a limited loss of characteristics and less than 10% after 16 hours of immersion in water.
- An agglomerate is obtained having a crushing strength greater than 185 kg and a loss of characteristics limited to 15% after 16 hours of immersion in water.
- the agglomerates obtained after baking have a crushing strength greater than 190 kg and the loss of characteristics after immersion for 16 hours in water is only 15%.
- the agglomerates after baking have a crushing resistance of 180 kg.
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
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Description
La présente invention concerne la fabrication d'agglomérés notamment d'agglomérés à base de matériaux solides combustibles, ou de minerais. Elle concerne plus particulièrement un procédé d'agglomération de ces matériaux sous forme de poudres, fines ou granules par utilisation d'un nouveau système de liant à bas taux de soufre, ainsi que les produits obtenus.The present invention relates to the manufacture of agglomerates, in particular agglomerates based on combustible solid materials, or ores. It relates more particularly to a process for agglomerating these materials in the form of powders, fines or granules by using a new binder system with a low sulfur content, as well as the products obtained.
Il existe de nombreux procédés d'agglomération pour former des briquettes ou autres agglomérés à base de combustibles solides tels que charbon, anthracite, coke qui utilisent des liants ou d'autres additifs. Les liants permettent d'augmenter la cohésion des agglomérés et doivent préserver cette cohésion dans les conditions de stockage à l'extérieur et notamment en présence d'eau.There are many agglomeration processes for forming briquettes or other agglomerates based on solid fuels such as coal, anthracite, coke which use binders or other additives. The binders make it possible to increase the cohesion of the agglomerates and must preserve this cohesion under the conditions of storage outside and in particular in the presence of water.
En outre, les liants doivent présenter des propriétés adaptées lors de la combustion de l'aggloméré, lorsqu'il s'agit de combustible, et en particulier, ils ne doivent pas être la source d'émissions d'odeurs et de gaz nocifs pour l'environnement.In addition, the binders must have suitable properties during the combustion of the agglomerate, when it comes to fuel, and in particular, they must not be the source of emissions of odors and gases harmful for the environment.
Les liants préconisés dans l'état de la technique sont par exemple, le bitume, l'amidon, les alcools polyvinyliques seuls ou en présence de chaux, tels que décrits dans la publication de brevet GB 2 138 442, un mélange d'alcool polyvinylique avec de la mélasse tel que décrit dans la publication de brevet EP 0 135 784, des mélasses catalysées avec des sels de calcium, des phosphates tel que décrit dans la publication de brevet GB 230 306, ou encore des liqueurs noires de papeteries avec du bichromate et de l'acide sulfurique, tel que décrit dans la publication de brevet EP 0 127 351, des mélasses avec des liqueurs noires tel que décrit dans la publication de brevet CA 1 113 246.The binders recommended in the prior art are, for example, bitumen, starch, polyvinyl alcohols alone or in the presence of lime, as described in patent publication GB 2 138 442, a mixture of polyvinyl alcohol with molasses as described in patent publication EP 0 135 784, molasses catalyzed with calcium salts, phosphates as described in patent publication GB 230 306, or also black liquors paper mills with dichromate and sulfuric acid, as described in patent publication EP 0 127 351, molasses with black liquors as described in patent publication CA 1 113 246.
On connait encore du document US-A-3 567 811 des agglomérés obtenu par un procédé utilisant un sucre tel que la mélasse en tant que liant et l'action de l'hydroxyde d'ammonium et celle d'un acide, ou encore du document EP-A-237 179, l'utilisation d'un agent durcisseur inorganique.Document US-A-3,567,811 also discloses agglomerates obtained by a process using a sugar such as molasses as a binder and the action of ammonium hydroxide and that of an acid, or also document EP-A-237,179, the use of an inorganic hardening agent.
Les différents procédés et liants cités ci-dessus ne sont pas entièrement satisfaisants, soit qu'ils émettent des odeurs ou gaz nocifs en trop grande quantité lors de la combustion des agglomérés, soit qu'ils ne procurent pas des propriétés de résistance mécanique ou chimique suffisantes, en particulier une résistance vis-à-vis d'une immersion prolongée dans l'eau ou une résistance à l'écrasement, c'est le cas notamment des procédés utilisant de la mélasse en tant que liant.The various processes and binders mentioned above are not entirely satisfactory, either because they emit too many harmful odors or gases during the combustion of the agglomerates, or because they do not provide mechanical or chemical resistance properties. sufficient, in particular resistance to prolonged immersion in water or resistance to crushing, this is particularly the case for processes using molasses as a binder.
L'invention obvie aux inconvénients cités. Elle propose un procédé pour la fabrication d'agglomérés, utilisant un système de liant qui procure de bonnes propriétés mécaniques et chimiques de résistance aux agglomérés ainsi que des bonnes propriétés adaptées à la combustion des agglomérés lorsqu'il s'agit de combustibles.The invention overcomes the disadvantages mentioned. It proposes a process for the manufacture of agglomerates, using a binder system which provides good mechanical and chemical properties of resistance to agglomerates as well as good properties adapted to the combustion of agglomerates when it comes to fuels.
Le procédé selon l'invention utilise pour l'agglomération par compression et chauffage à une température comprise entre 100 et 300°C des fines, poudres, granules, à base de matériaux carbonés, notamment de combustibles tels que charbon, anthracite, coke, ou à base de minerais ou d'autres minéraux, un système de liant comprenant au moins un liant choisi parmi les mélasses, et au moins un agent catalyseur durcisseur de la mélasse choisi parmi les sels organiques ou inorganiques d' ammonium.The process according to the invention uses for agglomeration by compression and heating to a temperature between 100 and 300 ° C. fines, powders, granules, based on carbonaceous materials, in particular fuels such as coal, anthracite, coke, or based on ores or other minerals, a binder system comprising at least one binder chosen from molasses, and at least one catalyst for curing molasses chosen from organic or inorganic ammonium salts.
Les sels organiques ou inorganiques d'ammonium dont l'action catalytique durcisseur vis-à-vis de la mélasse n'avait jamais été décrite auparavant, fournissent pourtant par association avec cette mélasse un système de liant particulièrement performant et présentant toutes les propriétés essentielles désirées pour la fabrication d'agglomérées, en particulier des agglomérés combustibles.Organic or inorganic ammonium salts whose catalytic action hardens against molasses had never been described before, yet provide by association with this molasses a particularly efficient binder system and having all the essential properties desired for the manufacture of agglomerates, in particular combustible agglomerates.
Sous un des aspects de l'invention, on utilise le système de liant à raison de 5 à 20 % en poids environ par rapport au poids total de l'aggloméré.In one aspect of the invention, the binder system is used in an amount of 5 to 20% by weight approximately relative to the total weight of the agglomerate.
L'invention concerne également un produit aggloméré comprenant de 80 à 95 % en poids de fines, poudres ou granules à agglomérer à base de matériaux carbonés, notamment des combustibles tel que charbon, anthracite, coke ou d'autres minéraux, et de 20 à 5 % en poids du système de liant comprenant au moins une mélasse et d'au moins un sel organique ou inorganique d'ammonium en tant que catalyseur de la mélasse.The invention also relates to an agglomerated product comprising from 80 to 95% by weight of fines, powders or granules to be agglomerated based on carbonaceous materials, in particular fuels such as coal, anthracite, coke or other minerals, and from 20 to 5% by weight of the binder system comprising at least one molasses and at least one organic or inorganic ammonium salt as catalyst for molasses.
Les mélasses formant le liant proprement dit selon l'invention peuvent être des mélasses de canne ou des mélasses de betterave. Ces mélasses peuvent être utilisées seules ou en mélange entre-elles ou avec d'autres liants tels que les lignosulfonates, en particulier le lignosulfonate d'ammonium, les liqueurs noires.The molasses forming the actual binder according to the invention can be cane molasses or beet molasses. These molasses can be used alone or as a mixture with one another or with other binders such as lignosulfonates, in particular ammonium lignosulfonate, black liquors.
Le catalyseur du système de liant utilisé dans le procédé selon l'invention a pour rôle notamment de rendre le liant, c'est-à-dire la ou les mélasses, insoluble dans l'eau.The catalyst of the binder system used in the process according to the invention has the role in particular of making the binder, that is to say the molasses or molasses, insoluble in water.
Les sels organiques ou inorganiques d'ammonium utilisés en tant que catalyseurs peuvent être un acétate, carbonate, chlorure, nitrate, sulfate, phosphate, lignosulfonate d'ammonium. Avantageusement, on peut utiliser un lignosulfonate d'ammonium ou le nitrate d'ammonium.The organic or inorganic ammonium salts used as catalysts can be an acetate, carbonate, chloride, nitrate, sulfate, phosphate, ammonium lignosulfonate. Advantageously, one can use an ammonium lignosulfonate or ammonium nitrate.
Le rapport en poids entre le liant proprement dit et le catalyseur dépend du choix du catalyseur utilisé.The weight ratio between the binder itself and the catalyst depends on the choice of the catalyst used.
Lorsque le catalyseur est du lignosulfonate d'ammonium le système de liant est formé d'environ 40 à 90 % de mélasse et de 60 à 10 % de lignosulfonate d'ammonium.When the catalyst is ammonium lignosulfonate the binder system is formed from about 40 to 90% molasses and from 60 to 10% ammonium lignosulfonate.
Lorsque le catalyseur est du nitrate d'ammonium, on peut l'utiliser en quantité plus faible, à partir de 0,5 % en poids environ jusqu'à 30 % en poids environ par rapport au poids du système de liant.When the catalyst is ammonium nitrate, it can be used in a lower amount, from 0.5% by weight approximately up to 30% by weight approximately relative to the weight of the binder system.
Les fines, poudres ou granules que l'on peut agglomérer par,le procédé selon l'invention sont notamment à base de matériaux combustibles tel le charbon, l'anthracite, le coke. Ce peuvent être aussi des fines à base de minerais tels que minerais de nickel, de chromite, de ferro-manganèse, de magnésium ou encore d'autres minéraux tels que le spath fluor.The fines, powders or granules which can be agglomerated by the process according to the invention are in particular based on combustible materials such as coal, anthracite, coke. They can also be minerals-based fines such as nickel, chromite, ferro-manganese, magnesium or other minerals such as fluorspar.
Un produit aggloméré particulièrement avantageux selon l'invention est un produit à base de matériaux combustibles tels que charbon, anthracite, coke. Ce produit aggloméré selon l'invention peut se présenter sous forme de briquettes, boulets, etc..., il est sans fumée lors de son utilisation, insoluble et à basse teneur en soufre.A particularly advantageous agglomerated product according to the invention is a product based on combustible materials such as coal, anthracite, coke. This agglomerated product according to the invention can be in the form of briquettes, balls, etc., it is smokeless during use, insoluble and low in sulfur content.
Pour former l'aggloméré, il suffit selon l'invention de mettre en présence les fines avec le système de liant, à une température et pendant une durée suffisante pour assurer la polymérisation du système de liant, notamment à une température comprise entre 100 et 300°C pendant une durée de 3 minutes environ à 3 heures environ.To form the agglomerate, it is sufficient according to the invention to bring the fines into contact with the binder system, at a temperature and for a sufficient time to ensure the polymerization of the binder system, in particular at a temperature between 100 and 300 ° C for a period of approximately 3 minutes to approximately 3 hours.
Pour mélanger les trois composants essentiels formant l'aggloméré, à savoir le matériau à agglomérer, le liant et le catalyseur, on peut réaliser le prémélange des deux composants formant le système de liant au préalable, puis effectuer le mélange avec le matériau à agglomérer.To mix the three essential components forming the agglomerate, namely the material to be agglomerated, the binder and the catalyst, it is possible to premix the two components forming the binder system beforehand, then mix with the material to be agglomerated.
Dans une variante, on peut effectuer le prémélange du matériau à agglomérer avec le catalyseur.Alternatively, the material to be agglomerated can be premixed with the catalyst.
On peut encore mélanger les trois composants simultanément.We can still mix the three components simultaneously.
Le système de liant selon l'invention est utilisé avantageusement pour agglomérer des matériaux combustibles pour former des briquettes, boulets, etc... Lors de la combustion de ces briquettes, du fait de l'utilisation de mélasse en tant que liant, les dégagements de produits soufrés sous forme de gaz sont fortement réduits.The binder system according to the invention is advantageously used to agglomerate combustible materials to form briquettes, balls, etc. During the combustion of these briquettes, due to the use of molasses as a binder, the clearances of sulfur products in the form of gas are greatly reduced.
Un autre avantage du système selon l'invention est que les sels d'ammonium utilisés en tant que catalyseur pour la mélasse se subliment dans les conditions de combustion et ne donnent pas de cendres.Another advantage of the system according to the invention is that the ammonium salts used as a catalyst for molasses sublime under the combustion conditions and do not give ash.
Les agglomérés selon l'invention présentent un bel aspect et une bonne résistance à l'écrasement, même après une longue immersion dans l'eau.The agglomerates according to the invention have a good appearance and good resistance to crushing, even after a long immersion in water.
Selon une caractéristique avantageuse de l'invention, on peut encore améliorer les caractéristiques des agglomérés en les traitant après cuisson par un produit hydrofuge, notamment par trempage dans un bain hydrofuge.According to an advantageous characteristic of the invention, the characteristics of the agglomerated by treating them after cooking with a water-repellent product, in particular by soaking in a water-repellent bath.
En tant que produit hydrofuge, on peut utiliser des dérivés paraffiniques, vinyliques, siliconés, etc...As a water-repellent product, it is possible to use paraffinic, vinylic, silicone derivatives, etc.
D'autres avantages et caractéristiques de l'invention apparaitront dans les exemples suivants.Other advantages and characteristics of the invention will appear in the following examples.
Des fines d'anthracite broyées, tamisées à 4 mm sont séchées et mélangées avec 12 % de mélasse de canne et 3 % de chaux. La mélasse présente une teneur en matières sèches comprise entre 60 et 80 % en poids.Crushed anthracite fines, sieved to 4 mm are dried and mixed with 12% cane molasses and 3% lime. Molasses has a dry matter content of between 60 and 80% by weight.
Des briquettes de 100 g sont confectionnées par pressage et cuites 30 mn à 150°C, puis 30 mn à 240°C.100 g briquettes are made by pressing and baked for 30 min at 150 ° C, then 30 min at 240 ° C.
La résistance à l'écrasement mesurée après cuisson sur la balance de Michaelis au cinquantième est égale à 200 kg, mais, après une immersion de 16 heures dans l'eau, la résistance à l'écrasement chute à moins de 50 kg.The crush resistance measured after cooking on the Michaelis scale in the fiftieth is equal to 200 kg, but, after immersion for 16 hours in water, the crush resistance drops to less than 50 kg.
On procède comme dans l'exemple 1, sauf qu'on utilise en tant que liant 12 % de mélasse et 2 % d'oxyde ferrique.The procedure is as in Example 1, except that 12% molasses and 2% ferric oxide are used as binder.
Après cuisson, les briquettes obtenues, de même forme, possèdent une résistance à l'écrasement égale à 180 kg.After cooking, the briquettes obtained, of the same shape, have a crushing resistance equal to 180 kg.
Après 16 heures d'immersion dans l'eau, cette résistance chute à 120 kg.After 16 hours of immersion in water, this resistance drops to 120 kg.
On opère comme dans l'exemple témoin 1, sauf qu'on utilise un système de liant selon l'invention à raison de :
- 6 % de mélasse de canne,
- 6 % de lignosulfonate d'ammonium.
- 6% cane molasses,
- 6% ammonium lignosulfonate.
On obtient un aggloméré de même forme présentant une résistance mécanique à l'écrasement supérieure à 180 kg. Après une immersion dans l'eau de 16 heures, la perte de résistance est très faible et inférieure à 10 %.An agglomerate of the same shape is obtained having a mechanical resistance to crushing greater than 180 kg. After a 16 hour immersion in water, the resistance loss is very low and less than 10%.
On opère comme dans l'exemple 1, sauf qu'on utilise :
- 9 % de mélasse de canne,
- 4 % de lignosulfonate d'ammonium.
- 9% cane molasses,
- 4% ammonium lignosulfonate.
L'aggloméré présente une résistance mécanique à l'écrasement supérieure à 165 kg. La perte de caractéristiques après 16 heures d'immersion dans l'eau est inférieure à 10 %.The chipboard has a mechanical resistance to crushing greater than 165 kg. The loss of characteristics after 16 hours of immersion in water is less than 10%.
On opère comme dans l'exemple 1, sauf qu'on utilise :
- 8 % de mélasse de canne,
- 4 % de lignosulfonate d'ammonium
- 2 % de nitrate d'ammonium.
- 8% cane molasses,
- 4% ammonium lignosulfonate
- 2% ammonium nitrate.
On obtient un aggloméré présentant une résistance mécanique à l'écrasement supérieure à 200 kg et une perte de caractéristiques limitée et inférieure à 10 % après 16 heures d'immersion dans l'eau.An agglomerate is obtained having a mechanical resistance to crushing greater than 200 kg and a limited loss of characteristics and less than 10% after 16 hours of immersion in water.
On opère comme dans l'exemple 1, sauf qu'on utilise :
- 12 % de mélasse de canne,
- 4 % de nitrate d'ammonium.
- 12% cane molasses,
- 4% ammonium nitrate.
On obtient un aggloméré présentant une résistance à l'écrasement supérieure à 185 kg et une perte de caractéristiques limitée à 15 % après 16 heures d'immersion dans l'eau.An agglomerate is obtained having a crushing strength greater than 185 kg and a loss of characteristics limited to 15% after 16 hours of immersion in water.
On procède comme dans l'exemple 1, sauf que la mélasse de canne est remplacée par de la mélasse de betterave. On utilise :
- 12 % de mélasse de betterave,
- 4 % de nitrate d'ammonium.
- 12% beet molasses,
- 4% ammonium nitrate.
Les agglomérés obtenus après cuisson ont une résistance à l'écrasement supérieure à 190 kg et la perte de caractéristiques après une immersion de 16 heures dans l'eau est de 15 % seulement.The agglomerates obtained after baking have a crushing strength greater than 190 kg and the loss of characteristics after immersion for 16 hours in water is only 15%.
On procède comme dans l'exemple 1, sauf qu'on agglomère des fines de minerai de nickel avec :
- 12 % de mélasse, et
- 4 % de nitrate d'ammonium.
- 12% molasses, and
- 4% ammonium nitrate.
Les agglomérés après cuisson possèdent une résistance à l'écrasement de 180 kg.The agglomerates after baking have a crushing resistance of 180 kg.
Après 16 heures d'immersion dans l'eau, la résistance à l'écrasement chute à 150 kg.After 16 hours of immersion in water, the crush resistance drops to 150 kg.
Claims (10)
- Method for manufacturing agglomerates by compression and heating to a temperature of between 100 and 300°C, of a mixture comprising fines, powders, granules, based upon combustible carbonaceous materials or based upon ores, and a binder, characterized in that the binder is a system comprising at least one molasses and at least one catalytic agent for the molasses chosen from among the organic or inorganic salts of ammonium and intended for making the binder insoluble in water.
- Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the catalytic agent for the molasses is chosen from among at least one acetate, one carbonate, one chloride, one nitrate, one sulphate, one phosphate and one ammonium lignosulphate.
- Method according to Claim 2, characterized in that the catalytic agent for the molasses is chosen from among an ammonium lignosulphate and an ammonium nitrate.
- Method according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the binder system is used in a proportion of 5 to 20% by weight of the agglomerate.
- Method according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the agglomerates are subjected, after baking, to a waterproofing treatment.
- Application of the method according to one of Claims 1 to 5 to the production of combustible agglomerates by compression and heating of a mixture of fines, powders or granules of coal, anthracite, coke and a binder.
- Agglomerated product, notably briquettes, balls, produced by the method according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it comprises from 80 to 95% by weight of fines, powders, granules, based upon carbonaceous materials, notably fuels, or upon other minerals, and from 20 to 5% by weight of a binder system formed of at least one molasses and at least one organic or inorganic salt of ammonium as catalyst for the molasses, intended for making the binder insoluble in water.
- Agglomerated product according to Claim 7, characterized in that it comprises from 80 to 95% fuel and from 20 to 5% by weight of a binder system comprising at least one molasses and at least one catalyst for the molasses.
- Agglomerated product according to Claim 8, characterized in that the binder system comprises from 40 to 90% of molasses and from 60 to 10% of ammonium lignosulphate.
- Agglomerated product according to Claim 8, characterized in that the binder system comprises from 0.5 to 30% by weight of ammonium nitrate.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9009028 | 1990-07-16 | ||
| FR9009028A FR2664611B1 (en) | 1990-07-16 | 1990-07-16 | PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF AGGLOMERATES AND PRODUCTS OBTAINED. |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0467739A1 EP0467739A1 (en) | 1992-01-22 |
| EP0467739B1 true EP0467739B1 (en) | 1994-10-05 |
Family
ID=9398747
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP19910401841 Revoked EP0467739B1 (en) | 1990-07-16 | 1991-07-04 | Method for manufacturing agglomerates and products thus obtained |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0467739B1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69104428T2 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2664611B1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110114451A (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2019-08-09 | 乐斯福公司 | The compacted solid composition of non-oral purposes |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB9412007D0 (en) † | 1994-06-15 | 1994-08-03 | Rockwell International A S | Production of mineral fibres |
| NZ330483A (en) * | 1997-08-06 | 1999-10-28 | Albras Aluminio Brasileiro Sa | Anode, a process for the manufacture thereof using sugar cane molasses as a binding agent and a process for the production of aluminium |
| ES2163963B1 (en) * | 1998-04-17 | 2003-04-01 | Albras Aluminio Brasileiro S A | Anode for electrolytic aluminum production |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB230306A (en) * | 1924-05-05 | 1925-03-12 | Theodore Nagel | Improvements in or relating to briquettes and the process of producing the same |
| GB847502A (en) * | 1956-11-30 | 1960-09-07 | Aschaffenburger Zellstoffwerke | Improvements in the manufacture of waterproof moulded bodies |
| US3567811A (en) * | 1969-10-20 | 1971-03-02 | Clyde W Humphrey | Method of producing strong fired compacts from iron or iron oxide containing material |
| GB8606332D0 (en) * | 1986-03-14 | 1986-04-23 | Coal Industry Patents Ltd | Coal briquetting process |
| GB2227024B (en) * | 1989-01-12 | 1992-08-19 | Coal Ind | Coal briquetting process |
-
1990
- 1990-07-16 FR FR9009028A patent/FR2664611B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1991
- 1991-07-04 DE DE1991604428 patent/DE69104428T2/en not_active Revoked
- 1991-07-04 EP EP19910401841 patent/EP0467739B1/en not_active Revoked
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110114451A (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2019-08-09 | 乐斯福公司 | The compacted solid composition of non-oral purposes |
| CN110114451B (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2022-04-01 | 乐斯福公司 | Compressed solid composition for non-oral use |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE69104428T2 (en) | 1995-04-20 |
| DE69104428D1 (en) | 1994-11-10 |
| EP0467739A1 (en) | 1992-01-22 |
| FR2664611A1 (en) | 1992-01-17 |
| FR2664611B1 (en) | 1993-07-16 |
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