EP0464955B1 - Dispositif de chauffage d'air et assemblage de chauffage - Google Patents

Dispositif de chauffage d'air et assemblage de chauffage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0464955B1
EP0464955B1 EP91201730A EP91201730A EP0464955B1 EP 0464955 B1 EP0464955 B1 EP 0464955B1 EP 91201730 A EP91201730 A EP 91201730A EP 91201730 A EP91201730 A EP 91201730A EP 0464955 B1 EP0464955 B1 EP 0464955B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heating device
air heating
frame
heat sinks
ptc
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP91201730A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0464955A1 (fr
Inventor
Frederik Mannes Nicolaas Van Den Elst
Erik Johannes Maria Golbach
Arie Van Der Ploeg
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Texas Instruments Holland BV
Texas Instruments Inc
Original Assignee
Texas Instruments Holland BV
Texas Instruments Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Texas Instruments Holland BV, Texas Instruments Inc filed Critical Texas Instruments Holland BV
Priority to AT91201730T priority Critical patent/ATE98362T1/de
Publication of EP0464955A1 publication Critical patent/EP0464955A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0464955B1 publication Critical patent/EP0464955B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00—Air heaters
    • F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
    • F24H3/04—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element
    • F24H3/0405—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element using electric energy supply, e.g. the heating medium being a resistive element; Heating by direct contact, i.e. with resistive elements, electrodes and fins being bonded together without additional element in-between
    • F24H3/0429—For vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00—Air heaters
    • F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
    • F24H3/04—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element
    • F24H3/0405—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element using electric energy supply, e.g. the heating medium being a resistive element; Heating by direct contact, i.e. with resistive elements, electrodes and fins being bonded together without additional element in-between
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00—Air heaters
    • F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
    • F24H3/04—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element
    • F24H3/0405—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element using electric energy supply, e.g. the heating medium being a resistive element; Heating by direct contact, i.e. with resistive elements, electrodes and fins being bonded together without additional element in-between
    • F24H3/0429—For vehicles
    • F24H3/0435—Structures comprising heat spreading elements in the form of fins
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00—Air heaters
    • F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
    • F24H3/04—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element
    • F24H3/0405—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element using electric energy supply, e.g. the heating medium being a resistive element; Heating by direct contact, i.e. with resistive elements, electrodes and fins being bonded together without additional element in-between
    • F24H3/0429—For vehicles
    • F24H3/0452—Frame constructions
    • F24H3/0464—Two-piece frames, e.g. two-shell frames, also including frames as a central body with two covers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00—Air heaters
    • F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
    • F24H3/04—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element
    • F24H3/0405—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element using electric energy supply, e.g. the heating medium being a resistive element; Heating by direct contact, i.e. with resistive elements, electrodes and fins being bonded together without additional element in-between
    • F24H3/0429—For vehicles
    • F24H3/0452—Frame constructions
    • F24H3/0476—Means for putting the electric heaters in the frame under strain, e.g. with springs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/18—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means
    • F24H9/1854—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means for air heaters
    • F24H9/1863—Arrangement or mounting of electric heating means
    • F24H9/1872—PTC
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
    • H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
    • H05B3/14—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material the material being non-metallic

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an air heating device according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such a device can be used in cars for heating of ventilation air which has to be supplied to the front screen during the time that the engine is not sufficiently heated to take over air heating through the normal heater radiator. It is an advantage that cold air can be electrically heated without sophisticated control mechanisms whilst the temperature cannot exceed a certain value determined by the properties of the PTC-material.
  • the heat sinks comprise separate metal strips and the fins are connected to the heat sinks by brazing.
  • the PTC-tablets are positioned flat against the heat sinks without being adhered thereto. Because of that corrosion can result at the contact surfaces between pills and heat sinks giving a deterioriated electric contact.
  • Two of the four frame ledges comprise two strips, being displacable relative to each other, in between which a undulated resilient belt is placed, pressing the inner strip to an adjacent metal heat sink strip and in this way the assembly comprising separate heat sinks, fins and non adhered PTC-tablets are clamped within the frame. Furthermore the pills are maintained in their position by an extra plastic holder.
  • the invention aims to obviate these drawbacks. According to the invention this is realized with a air heating device as described above with the characterizing features of claim 1. Through the use of adhesive corrosion on the electrical contact face between heat sinks and pills is prevented.
  • the heat sinks are provided with protrusions realized extruding for positioning of the PTC-tablets and the PTC-tablets project all over their circumference beyond the circumference edges of the protrusions. Surplus adhesive will flow in the space between the projecting edges of the PTC-tablets and the related heat sink.
  • Short circuit by other causes can be prevented by covering the box profiles with a heat-proof electric isolating coating.
  • one of the heat sinks of each box section is provided with a dilatation gap during extruding, and each PTC-pill is connected at one face by stiff quality adhesive and at the other face by a yielding quality adhesive.
  • the device can be easily assembled if the frame comprises two parts clamped to each other, wherein the clamping face extends over the circumference of the frame and when the assembly of box sections and PTC-tablet is enclosed within the frame by a compression spring.
  • the frame gives both thermal and electrical insulation.
  • the air heating device according to the invention is particular well suited to be connected to the casing of a standard cooling water radiator of a car.
  • a liquid heating device comprising two box section-like reservoirs having ribs and a disk placed between said reservoirs.
  • the material of the disk conducts at low temperature more current than at higher temperature. Only two box sections are provided not being extruded and not introduced into a frame.
  • EP-A-0 243 077 (Ford Motor Company) a electrical air heating device is disclosed being positioned in the ventilation channel of a car and comprising a casing from an insulating material wherein two sets of heat conducting channels are provided, wherein between the channels of each set an undulated rib strip is positioned and between the channels facing each other of the two sets PTC-tablets are positioned. Also in this structure rib strips are brazed to the heat conducting channels, such that no extruded sections, each having two heat sinks and fins extending between these heat sinks and also being extruded, are provided. It is advantage of this heating device not being realized by extrusion that the ribs can be provided with louvres to increase heat transfer to air. In the device according to the subject invention heat transfer to air can be increased by positioning the fins nearer to each other and/or to increase the air flow path within the heating device.
  • the invention also relates to a heating assembly comprising at least two heating devices as described above as well as a frame work enclosing said heating devices.
  • a heating assembly can be realized according to the subject need.
  • resilient pressure means such as resilient tabs.
  • the usual radiator of a car comprises a casing 1 having a cooling water supply 2 and a cooling water discharge 3, a cooling water tube 4 extending between this supply and discharge, and an air intake opening 5.
  • Heat exchange strips 7 are connected to tube 4 and extend in the flow direction of air, indicated by an arrow.
  • Insulation material 8 is provided to the inner surface of casing 1.
  • a header 13 is connected to casing 1 through a flange connection 14. From this header air hoses 15 extend to the interior of the car.
  • box sections 16 are provided inside frame 11 . These are realized from aluminum or an aluminum alloy by extrusion and comprise two heat sinks 17, 18 and fins 19 extending between these heat sinks and shorter fins 20. On the heat sinks protrusions 21 are realized during extruding.
  • One side of the box section is provided over a part of its height with a thickened wall 22 in which a hole 23 is recessed. In this hole a stainless steel sleeve 24 is pressed functioning as fuse holder and providing a reliable contact aluminum-stainless steel.
  • a heat and current conducting adhesive e.g. epoxy glue filled by silver particles.
  • One of the heat sinks 18 of each box section is provided with a dilatation gap 26 realized during extruding.
  • the box sections 16 are spaced from each other by the PTC-tablets.
  • Each PTC-tablet is adhered with its two faces to a projection 21.
  • the tablet is adhered to the one projection by means of a plastic adhesive and to the other projection by means of a hard adhesive. Because of that the tablet will not get loose during temperature expansions and contractions.
  • the dilatation gap 26 in each box section allows these movements.
  • a resilient clip 29 encloses the assembly of box sections and PTC-tablets in the frame 11 and compensates for thermical expansion between the stack of heat sinks and the frame.
  • two channels 30a,30b respectively are recessed and in each of said channels a voltage rail 31a, 31b is provided.
  • the voltage rail 31b is connected with the bottom of the related sleeve 24 introduced by pressing and so with the related box section 16, through a contact spring 32 and a fuse 34.
  • the voltage rail 31 is connected to the other box sections 16 through the contact spring 32 and sleeve 24.
  • the voltage rail 31a is electrically positive and the voltage rail 31b is electrically negative, an electric current will flow through rail 31a, fuses 34, fuse holders 24 to the related box sections and from there through the PTC-tablets 25, the other box sections, the fuse holders 24 (without fuse) to rail 31b.
  • the PTC-tablets are heated to a temperature depending from their material and release their heat to the box sections, through which air flows being rapidly brought to the desired temperature. As soon as the engine is heated, air will be sufficiently heated in the usual radiator, such that the electric heating member can be switched off by a thermostatt. Under very cold circumstances and with very efficient engines, emitting less heat, it is possible that the electric heating device is in continuous use during driving.
  • the box sections 16 are covered with a heat-resistent current insulating coating and the PTC-tablets 25 extend near their circumference beyond the projections 21, such that superfluous conducting adhesive can flow in the space 35 between projecting peripheral edges of the tablets and the related heat sink and cannot contact the adjacent heat sink by flowing.
  • a heating assembly is generally indicated by reference number 40.
  • This heating assembly is constructed from heating devices indicated by 41 one of which is shown in fig. 5.
  • Each heating device or module comprises several box sections 42 between which PTC-elements 43 are provided. Box sections 42 and PTC-elements 43 are enclosed by frame 44 comprising a base plate 45, side walls 46, 47 and a rear wall 48. Side wall 47 is provided with protruding resilient tabs 58. In side wall 46 dents 56 are provided which in combination with tabs 48 ensure that box sections 42 and PTC's 43 will always be resiliently enclosed by frame 44.
  • Tab 48 being inside frame 44 functions to press the box sections 42 and PTC-elements 43 against each other and is comparable with clip 29 of fig. 2.
  • Tab 48 extending outwardly from wall 47 functions (as is shown in fig. 6) to pressure several heating devices 41 against each other within frame work 49.
  • Frame work 49 is provided at its rear wall 50 with cams 60 protruding through every second opening in rear wall 58 of each heating device. Near its front wall 51 cams 52 project to the related opening in base plate 45.
  • the invention cannot only be used for cars but also for electric heaters and similar devices.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Heating, Cooling, Or Curing Plastics Or The Like In General (AREA)
  • Bending Of Plates, Rods, And Pipes (AREA)
  • Direct Air Heating By Heater Or Combustion Gas (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Dispositif de chauffage d'air comprenant un certain nombre de parois de chauffage (17, 18) en forme de bandes-panneaux, disposées parallèlement dans un châssis (11), un certain nombre de plaques à coefficient de température positif (25), un grand nombre d'ailettes (19, 20) conduisant la chaleur et s'étendant perpendiculairement aux parois de chauffage, et des moyens de connexion électrique, caractérisé en ce que des tronçons de boîtiers (16) extrudés en aluminium ou en alliage d'aluminium sont utilisés, chacun ayant deux parois de chauffage (17, 18) et des ailettes (19, 20) s'étendant entre celles-ci, en ce que les plaques à coefficient de température positif (25) sont fixées aux parois de chauffage au moyen d'un adhésif conducteur électrique, et en ce que l'assemblage des tronçons de boîtiers (16) et des plaques à coefficient de température positif (25) est enfermé dans le châssis (11) par un ressort de compression (29).
  2. Dispositif de chauffage d'air selon la revendication 1, où les parois de chauffage (17, 18) sont munies de protubérances (21) pour les plaques à coefficient de température positif (25), les protubérances étant extrudées en même temps que les parois de chauffage.
  3. Dispositif de chauffage d'air selon la revendication 2, où les plaques à coefficient de température positif (25) font saillie à leur circonférence sur tous les côtés le long des bords circonférentiels des protubérances (21).
  4. Dispositif de chauffage d'air selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel l'une des parois de chauffage de chaque tronçon de boîtier (16) est munie d'une fente de dilatation (26), chaque plaque à coefficient de température positif (25) étant fixée sur l'une de ses faces par un adhésif dur et sur son autre face par un adhésif plastique.
  5. Dispositif de chauffage d'air selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel dans l'une des portions de cadre du châssis plastique (11) s'étendant perpendiculairement aux parois de chauffage (17, 18), deux cavités (30a, 30b) sont prévues, chacune de ces cavités étant munie d'un rail de tension électrique (31a, 31b respectivement), et où un tronçon de boîtier parmi plusieurs tronçons de boîtiers sections successifs (16) est connecté un rail de tension électrique et l'autre tronçon de boitier est connecté à l'autre rail de tension.
  6. Dispositif de chauffage d'air selon la revendication 5, dans lequel une ouverture (23) est réalisée durant l'extrusion dans une portion plus épaisse de la paroi (22) de chaque tronçon de boîtier (16), ouvertures dans lesquelles un support de fusible (24) réalisé par un coussinet en acier inoxydable, est pressé, lesdits coussinets des tronçons de boîtiers adjacents sont connectés tour à tour par l'intermédiaire d'un fusible (34) et d'un ressort de contact (32) à l'un des rails de tension (31a), et par l'intermédiaire d'un ressort de contact (33) à l'autre rail de tension (31b).
  7. Dispositif de chauffage d'air selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le châssis (11) consiste en deux portions (11a, 11b) serrées l'une contre l'autre, le plan de serrage s'étendant le long de la circonférence de châssis.
  8. Dispositif de chauffage d'air selon l'une des revendications précédentes, où les tronçons de boitiers (16) sont recouverts d'un matériau isolant électrique résistant à la chaleur.
  9. Dispositif de chauffage d'air selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le châssis du dispositif électrique de chauffage d'air est relié au bâti d'un radiateur conventionnel chauffé par l'eau de refroidissement d'un moteur d'automobile, de façon à ce que l'air de ventilation circule successivement à travers le radiateur et le dispositif de chauffage électrique.
  10. Ensemble de chauffage d'air comprenant au moins deux dispositifs de chauffage d'air selon l'une des revendications précédentes, ainsi qu'un châssis contenant lesdits dispositifs de chauffage.
  11. Ensemble de chauffage d'air selon la revendication 10, où la partie du châssis de chaque dispositif de chauffage étant, en position d'utilisation, adjacente à un autre dispositif de chauffage, est munie de moyens de pression élastiques.
EP91201730A 1990-07-03 1991-07-03 Dispositif de chauffage d'air et assemblage de chauffage Expired - Lifetime EP0464955B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT91201730T ATE98362T1 (de) 1990-07-03 1991-07-03 Luftheizungsgeraet und heizungszusammenbau.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL9001518A NL9001518A (nl) 1990-07-03 1990-07-03 Luchtverwarmingsinrichting.
NL9001518 1990-07-03

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0464955A1 EP0464955A1 (fr) 1992-01-08
EP0464955B1 true EP0464955B1 (fr) 1993-12-08

Family

ID=19857356

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91201730A Expired - Lifetime EP0464955B1 (fr) 1990-07-03 1991-07-03 Dispositif de chauffage d'air et assemblage de chauffage

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0464955B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE98362T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE69100740T2 (fr)
NL (1) NL9001518A (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9555690B2 (en) 2013-05-23 2017-01-31 Borgwarner Ludwigsburg Gmbh Heating device composed of heating modules, and heating module for same

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2701757B1 (fr) * 1993-02-18 1995-04-21 Valeo Thermique Habitacle Radiateur de chauffage électrique, notamment pour l'habitacle d'un véhicule automobile.
US5471034A (en) * 1993-03-17 1995-11-28 Texas Instruments Incorporated Heater apparatus and process for heating a fluid stream with PTC heating elements electrically connected in series
DE19738318C5 (de) * 1997-09-02 2014-10-30 Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg Elektrische Heizeinrichtung für ein Kraftfahrzeug
ITMI20021226A1 (it) * 2002-06-05 2003-12-05 Cebi Spa Riscaldatore elettrico ad elementi ptc particolarmente per impianti di aereazione dell'abitacolo di autoveicoli
US6905201B2 (en) * 2002-12-16 2005-06-14 Xerox Corporation Solid phase change ink melter assembly and phase change ink image producing machine having same
EP1963753B1 (fr) 2005-12-20 2016-06-08 BorgWarner Ludwigsburg GmbH Systeme de chauffage electrique, notamment pour automobiles
DE102009035837A1 (de) * 2009-08-01 2011-02-03 Eichenauer Heizelemente Gmbh & Co. Kg Heizeinrichtung
DE102010048593B4 (de) 2010-10-18 2015-03-19 Eichenauer Heizelemente Gmbh & Co. Kg Modulare Heizvorrichtung

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3852567A (en) * 1973-01-09 1974-12-03 J Cordes Electric heater unit
DE7730201U1 (de) * 1977-09-29 1979-03-08 Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 8000 Muenchen Heizeinrichtung fuer durchlauferhitzer
DE3869773C5 (de) * 1988-07-15 2010-06-24 Dbk David + Baader Gmbh Radiator.

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9555690B2 (en) 2013-05-23 2017-01-31 Borgwarner Ludwigsburg Gmbh Heating device composed of heating modules, and heating module for same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE98362T1 (de) 1993-12-15
DE69100740D1 (de) 1994-01-20
DE69100740T2 (de) 1994-03-24
EP0464955A1 (fr) 1992-01-08
NL9001518A (nl) 1992-02-03

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