EP0462903A1 - Tube-like heat-exchanger for hot and cold fluids, with great differences of temperature and pressure - Google Patents

Tube-like heat-exchanger for hot and cold fluids, with great differences of temperature and pressure Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0462903A1
EP0462903A1 EP91401674A EP91401674A EP0462903A1 EP 0462903 A1 EP0462903 A1 EP 0462903A1 EP 91401674 A EP91401674 A EP 91401674A EP 91401674 A EP91401674 A EP 91401674A EP 0462903 A1 EP0462903 A1 EP 0462903A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
flexible connection
shell
grille
annular part
heat exchanger
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Granted
Application number
EP91401674A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0462903B1 (en
Inventor
Pierre Georges Rey
Gilbert Charles Duponteil
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Babcock Entreprise
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Babcock Entreprise
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/0236—Header boxes; End plates floating elements
    • F28F9/0241—Header boxes; End plates floating elements floating end plates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/16—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/0075—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for syngas or cracked gas cooling systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2265/00—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction
    • F28F2265/26—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction for allowing differential expansion between elements

Definitions

  • the present invention generally relates and essentially relates to a device forming a heat exchanger for cooling or reheating fluids in particular at high temperature, in particular for at least two fluids, respectively hot and cold, between which there are large differences in temperature respectively and pressure, of the type with a substantially cylindrical body forming a shell containing at least one bundle of straight fluid passage tubes, preferably of great length, fixed, at its opposite ends, respectively to two tubular plates, in particular relatively thin, connected by a shell, attached to at least one of the tubular plates by a flexible connection.
  • the invention also relates to the various applications and uses resulting from the implementation of such a device and to the apparatuses, systems and installations which are provided with it.
  • One known means for this purpose consists in shaping the shell so as to form or incorporate therein, at any location along its longitudinal extent, at least one coaxial annular bellows for thermal expansion which absorbs the difference in total elongation between the shell and the tubes, which results from the pressure effect on the shell and on the tubes and the temperature difference between shell and tubes.
  • at least one of the two tubular plates or each of them is provided with a flexible connection to the grille which can have any shape and this solution is particularly used when the construction comprises thin tubular plates supported by the tubes or by tie rods connecting them together or by both.
  • the main object of the invention is to avoid or overcome these difficulties by reducing the deformation undergone by the part forming the expansion bellows or flexible connection when it is directly attached to one or to each of the two tubular plates.
  • this technical problem is solved in accordance with the invention by the fact that between the aforementioned flexible connection, providing at least one or each of the two aforementioned two tubular plates, and the end adjacent to the grille is interposed a rigid coaxial annular piece of junction connected respectively to said grille and to said flexible connection, said annular piece projecting radially internally and of sufficient cross section to limit, on the one hand, the increase in diameter of the grille and, on the other hand, the displacement of the attachment point of the flexible connection on said annular part under the effect of internal pressure.
  • this annular element has the effect of considerably reducing the stresses undergone by the flexible connection of the grille to the tube plate, this effect being all the more sensitive as the pressure exerted in the grille is higher and , incidentally, to decrease the stresses in the tube plate itself.
  • This reduction in stresses, obtained by the presence of the abovementioned annular element makes it possible, under equal operating conditions, to build the device with longer tubes and therefore to reduce the cost thereof.
  • the invention also makes it possible to use the type of heat exchanger with thin tubular plates flexibly connected to the shell forming a shell, under more severe conditions of use, that is to say at a pressure or difference of very important temperature.
  • the presence of this part reduces the aforementioned disadvantageous effects by the fact that the annular part then has sufficient rigidity to considerably reduce the increase in diameter of the calender and also to reduce its shortening.
  • the traction exerted by the pressure force applied to the lateral face of the internal shoulder formed by this annular piece which force induces a tension in the grille.
  • the annular part, joining the radiator grille to one or to each of the two tubular plates have a mechanical resistance in particular to sufficient bending to constitute an assembly with a very rigid structure with respect to this tubular plate.
  • the difference, between the internal radii of the grille respectively and of the annular part is approximately equal to the thickness of the aforementioned ferrule forming a grille while the thickness of said annular part (in the axial or longitudinal direction) is at least equal to twice the thickness of the corresponding tubular plate.
  • the heat exchanger comprises a substantially circular hollow cylindrical body 1 forming a grille constituting its lateral enclosure wall defining the interior space 2 of the exchanger in which the one of the two heating or cooling fluids entering the shell through the inlet pipe 3 and leaving it through the outlet pipe 4 of the shell.
  • the grille is connected, at its opposite ends, respectively to two relatively thin tubular plates 5 in which are fixed and which are traversed by substantially rectilinear tubes 6 extending through the interior space 2 and intended for the circulation of the other fluid in correlation of heat transmission with the first fluid which bathes these tubes constituting a tubular bundle.
  • At least one of the two tubular plates 5 and, preferably, each of them is connected, at the neighboring end of the shell 1, by a peripheral part 7 constituting a flexible connection forming for example an expansion bellows or having a equivalent effect.
  • the shell 1 is connected at its opposite ends respectively to each flexible connection 7 of the corresponding tube plate 5 by a coaxial annular element 8 much thicker radially than the shell 1 and much thicker longitudinally than the associated tube plate 5.
  • Each annular element 8 is integral with or forms an integral part of the shell 1 forming a grille or is optionally attached thereto.
  • Each annular element 8 constitutes a radially internal projection, for example in the form of a shoulder on the calender 1, having a substantially cylindrical configuration.
  • Each annular element 8 is attached to the neighboring flexible connection 7 advantageously by welding or the like.
  • the fluid circulating in the tubes 6 is a hot gas at a temperature of 850 ° C. which is to be lowered to 400 ° C. by heat exchange with a liquid coolant which is water at a pressure of 130 bar, circulating in the shell 1.
  • the tubes 6 have a length of 14 meters between the two tube plates 5.
  • Each tube plate 5 has a thickness of 20 mm to 25 mm while the shell 1 has a thickness of 90 mm and each element or portion annular 8 has a radial height or thickness of 200 mm, therefore a radial projection of 110 mm and a thickness in the longitudinal direction of 100 mm.
  • These dimensions are only indicative because they must be determined by a precise calculation of the stresses. They are in particular a function of the quality of the materials chosen which may be of different shades respectively for the radiator grille, each annular element, the tubular plates and the other component parts of the exchanger.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a heat exchanger with a cylindrical calandria (1) which contains straight tubes for passage of fluid (6) and is fixed, at its opposite ends, respectively to two tubular plates (5), being connected to at least one of these via a flexible connection (7). Between the flexible connection (7) and the end of the calandria (1), there is interposed a rigid annular coaxial junction piece (8) which is connected respectively to the calandria (1) and to the flexible connection (7), projecting sufficiently radially internally and being of sufficient cross-section to limit to the greatest extent the increase of the diameter of the calandria and the displacement of the point of attachment of the flexible connection on the annular piece under the effect of the internal pressure. The invention is applicable to heat exchangers with thin tubular plates and with tubes of great length. <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention concerne généralement et a essentiellement pour objet un dispositif formant échangeur de chaleur pour le refroidissement ou le réchauffage de fluides en particulier à haute température, notamment pour au moins deux fluides respectivement chaud et froid entre lesquels existent de grandes différences respectivement de température et de pression, du type à corps sensiblement cylindrique formant calandre contenant au moins un faisceau de tubes droits de passage de fluide de préférence de grande longueur, fixé, à ses extrémités opposées, respectivement à deux plaques tubulaires notamment relativement minces reliées par une calandre, attachée à au moins l'une des plaques tubulaires par un raccordement flexible. L'invention se rapporte également aux diverses applications et utilisations résultant de la mise en oeuvre d'un tel dispositif et aux appareils, systèmes et installations qui en sont pourvus.The present invention generally relates and essentially relates to a device forming a heat exchanger for cooling or reheating fluids in particular at high temperature, in particular for at least two fluids, respectively hot and cold, between which there are large differences in temperature respectively and pressure, of the type with a substantially cylindrical body forming a shell containing at least one bundle of straight fluid passage tubes, preferably of great length, fixed, at its opposite ends, respectively to two tubular plates, in particular relatively thin, connected by a shell, attached to at least one of the tubular plates by a flexible connection. The invention also relates to the various applications and uses resulting from the implementation of such a device and to the apparatuses, systems and installations which are provided with it.

Dans des échangeurs thermiques connus de ce genre, lorsqu'il existe une grande différence de température entre le fluide circulant à l'intérieur des tubes et le fluide s'écoulant à l'intérieur de la calandre en baignant les tubes ainsi que dans le cas d'une grande différence de pression entre ces deux fluides, il se produit une différence d'allongement importante entre la calandre et les tubes, voire même un raccourcissement de la calandre et un allongement des tubes. A cause de la haute température du fluide s'écoulant dans les tubes, il se produit une dilatation différentielle entre ceux-ci et la calandre, qui contraint les plaques tubulaires et leur raccordement à la calandre.In known heat exchangers of this kind, when there is a large temperature difference between the fluid circulating inside the tubes and the fluid flowing inside the calender by bathing the tubes as well as in the case a large pressure difference between these two fluids, there is a significant difference in elongation between the calender and the tubes, or even a shortening of the calender and an elongation of the tubes. Because of the high temperature of the fluid flowing in the tubes, there is a differential expansion between them and the shell, which forces the tube plates and their connection to the grille.

Lorsque l'échangeur de chaleur est soumis à la pression s'exerçant à l'intérieur de la calandre et aux températures de service, on constate les déformations mécaniques suivantes résultant de l'application des principes de la résistance des matériaux aux constructions en métal:

  • la pression, exercée à l'intérieur de la calandre, créé une augmentation du diamètre de la calandre et un raccourcissement de sa longueur ; l'augmentation de diamètre accroît la contrainte de membrane dans la plaque tubulaire et dans son raccord à la calandre tandis que le raccourcissement accroît la différence d'allongement entre tubes et calandre et augmente donc les sollicitations exercées sur le raccordement entre plaques tubulaires et calandre ;
  • la pression, à l'intérieur de la calandre, allonge les tubes par effet de flambement et, de ce fait, accroît les contraintes dans les plaques tubulaires et dans leur liaison à la calandre.
When the heat exchanger is subjected to the pressure exerted inside the shell and to the operating temperatures, the following mechanical deformations are observed resulting from the application of the principles of the resistance of materials to metal constructions:
  • the pressure, exerted inside the grille, creates an increase in the diameter of the grille and a shortening of its length; the increase in diameter increases the membrane stress in the tube plate and in its connection to the shell while the shortening increases the difference in elongation between tubes and shell and therefore increases the stresses exerted on the connection between tube sheets and shell;
  • the pressure inside the shell lengthens the tubes by buckling effect and, therefore, increases the stresses in the tubular plates and in their connection to the shell.

Dans la technique antérieure, diverses solutions ont déjà été utilisées pour pallier ces inconvénients d'origine thermique et mécanique. Un moyen connu à cet effet consiste à façonner la calandre de façon à y former ou incorporer, en un emplacement quelconque de son étendue longitudinale, au moins un soufflet annulaire coaxial de dilatation thermique qui absorbe la différence d'allongement totale entre la calandre et les tubes, laquelle provient de l'effet de pression sur la calandre et sur les tubes et de la différence de température entre calandre et tubes. Dans une variante de calandre avec soufflet de dilatation, au moins l'une des deux plaques tubulaires ou chacune d'elles est pourvue d'un raccordement flexible à la calandre qui peut avoir une forme quelconque et cette solution est particulièrement employée quand la construction comprend des plaques tubulaires minces étayées par les tubes ou par des tirants les reliant entre elles ou par les deux.In the prior art, various solutions have already been used to overcome these drawbacks of thermal and mechanical origin. One known means for this purpose consists in shaping the shell so as to form or incorporate therein, at any location along its longitudinal extent, at least one coaxial annular bellows for thermal expansion which absorbs the difference in total elongation between the shell and the tubes, which results from the pressure effect on the shell and on the tubes and the temperature difference between shell and tubes. In a variant of grille with expansion bellows, at least one of the two tubular plates or each of them is provided with a flexible connection to the grille which can have any shape and this solution is particularly used when the construction comprises thin tubular plates supported by the tubes or by tie rods connecting them together or by both.

Ce système à soufflet de dilatation ou sa variante de réalisation précitée, qui permet de résister à de plus hautes pressions, est limité en pratique et ne peut s'appliquer aux échangeurs de chaleur qui fonctionnent avec de grands allongements différentiels entre les tubes et la calandre sans entraîner de très importants surcoûts causés par ses grandes dimensions.This expansion bellows system or its aforementioned variant embodiment, which makes it possible to withstand higher pressures, is limited in practice and cannot be applied to heat exchangers which operate with large differential elongations between the tubes and the shell. without causing very significant additional costs caused by its large dimensions.

L'invention a principalement pour but d'éviter ou de surmonter ces difficultés en diminuant la déformation subie par la partie formant le soufflet de dilatation ou raccordement flexible lorsqu'elle est directement attachée à l'une ou à chacune des deux plaques tubulaires.The main object of the invention is to avoid or overcome these difficulties by reducing the deformation undergone by the part forming the expansion bellows or flexible connection when it is directly attached to one or to each of the two tubular plates.

Dans un échangeur de chaleur du type mentionné au début, ce problème technique est résolu conformément à l'invention par le fait qu'entre le raccordement flexible précité, munissant au moins l'une ou chacune des deux plaques tubulaires précitées, et l'extrémité adjacente de la calandre est interposée une pièce annulaire coaxiale rigide de jonction reliée respectivement à ladite calandre et audit raccordement flexible, ladite pièce annulaire étant en saillie radialement interne et de section suffisante pour limiter au maximum, d'une part, l'accroissement du diamètre de la calandre et, d'autre part, le déplacement du point d'attache du raccordement flexible sur ladite pièce annulaire sous l'effet de la pression intérieure.In a heat exchanger of the type mentioned at the beginning, this technical problem is solved in accordance with the invention by the fact that between the aforementioned flexible connection, providing at least one or each of the two aforementioned two tubular plates, and the end adjacent to the grille is interposed a rigid coaxial annular piece of junction connected respectively to said grille and to said flexible connection, said annular piece projecting radially internally and of sufficient cross section to limit, on the one hand, the increase in diameter of the grille and, on the other hand, the displacement of the attachment point of the flexible connection on said annular part under the effect of internal pressure.

La présence de cet élément annulaire a pour effet de diminuer considérablement les contraintes subies par le raccordement flexible de la calandre à la plaque tubulaire, cet effet étant d'autant plus sensible que la pression, s'exerçant dans la calandre, est plus élevée et, accessoirement, de décroître les contraintes dans la plaque tubulaire elle-même. Cette réduction des contraintes, obtenue par la présence de l'élément annulaire précité, permet, à conditions de service égales, de construire l'appareil avec des tubes plus longs donc d'en réduire le coût. L'invention permet aussi d'utiliser le type d'échangeur thermique à plaques tubulaires minces raccordées de manière flexible à la virole formant calandre, dans des conditions d'utilisation plus sévères, c'est-à-dire à une pression ou différence de température très importante.The presence of this annular element has the effect of considerably reducing the stresses undergone by the flexible connection of the grille to the tube plate, this effect being all the more sensitive as the pressure exerted in the grille is higher and , incidentally, to decrease the stresses in the tube plate itself. This reduction in stresses, obtained by the presence of the abovementioned annular element, makes it possible, under equal operating conditions, to build the device with longer tubes and therefore to reduce the cost thereof. The invention also makes it possible to use the type of heat exchanger with thin tubular plates flexibly connected to the shell forming a shell, under more severe conditions of use, that is to say at a pressure or difference of very important temperature.

En donnant des dimensions convenables à la pièce annulaire précitée, la présence de cette pièce diminue les effets désavantageux précités par le fait que la pièce annulaire présente alors une rigidité suffisante pour réduire considérablement l'augmentation de diamètre de la calandre et également pour réduire son raccourcissement par la traction exercée par la force de pression appliquée sur la face latérale de l'épaulement interne formé par cette pièce annulaire, laquelle force induit une tension dans la calandre.By giving suitable dimensions to the abovementioned annular part, the presence of this part reduces the aforementioned disadvantageous effects by the fact that the annular part then has sufficient rigidity to considerably reduce the increase in diameter of the calender and also to reduce its shortening. by the traction exerted by the pressure force applied to the lateral face of the internal shoulder formed by this annular piece, which force induces a tension in the grille.

Il est important que la pièce annulaire, joignant la calandre à l'une ou à chacune des deux plaques tubulaires, ait une résistance mécanique notamment à la flexion suffisante pour constituer un ensemble à structure très rigide par rapport à cette plaque tubulaire. A cet effet et selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, la différence, entre les rayons intérieurs respectivement de la calandre et de la pièce annulaire, est égale environ à l'épaisseur de la virole précitée formant calandre tandis que l'épaisseur de ladite pièce annulaire (en direction axiale ou longitudinale) est au moins égale au double de l'épaisseur de la plaque tubulaire correspondante.It is important that the annular part, joining the radiator grille to one or to each of the two tubular plates, have a mechanical resistance in particular to sufficient bending to constitute an assembly with a very rigid structure with respect to this tubular plate. For this purpose and according to another characteristic of the invention, the difference, between the internal radii of the grille respectively and of the annular part, is approximately equal to the thickness of the aforementioned ferrule forming a grille while the thickness of said annular part (in the axial or longitudinal direction) is at least equal to twice the thickness of the corresponding tubular plate.

L'invention sera mieux comprise et d'autres buts, caractéristiques, détails et avantages de celle-ci apparaîtront plus clairement à la lecture de la description explicative qui va suivre en se reportant au dessin schématique annexé donné uniquement à titre d'exemple non limitatif illustrant un mode de réalisation spécifique actuellement préféré de l'invention et dans lequel la figure unique représente une vue en coupe longitudinale d'un échangeur de chaleur conforme à l'invention.The invention will be better understood and other objects, characteristics, details and advantages thereof will appear more clearly on reading the explanatory description which will follow, referring to the appended schematic drawing given solely by way of nonlimiting example illustrating a currently preferred specific embodiment of the invention and in which the single figure shows a longitudinal sectional view of a heat exchanger according to the invention.

Par souci de simplification, on a omis de représenter, sur la figure du dessin, le couvercle ou fond normalement prévu à l'une des extrémités de l'échangeur thermique, la boîte de circulation à l'extrémité opposée de l'échangeur de chaleur, avec les tubulures respectivement d'entrée et de sortie du fluide destiné à circuler dans les tubes, les chicanes à l'intérieur de la calandre.For the sake of simplicity, we have omitted to represent, in the figure of the drawing, the cover or bottom normally provided at one of the ends of the heat exchanger, the circulation box at the opposite end of the heat exchanger , with the inlet and outlet pipes respectively for the fluid intended to circulate in the tubes, the baffles inside the grille.

Selon l'exemple de réalisation de l'invention représenté, l'échangeur de chaleur comprend un corps sensiblement cylindrique circulaire creux 1 formant calandre constituant sa paroi latérale d'enceinte délimitant l'espace intérieur 2 de l'échangeur dans lequel doit circuler l'un des deux fluides chauffant ou refroidisseur pénétrant dans la calandre par la tubulure d'entrée 3 et la quittant par la tubulure de sortie 4 de la calandre. La calandre est reliée, à ses extrémités opposées, respectivement à deux plaques tubulaires relativement minces 5 dans lesquelles sont fixés et qui sont traversées par des tubes sensiblement rectilignes 6 s'étendant à travers l'espace intérieur 2 et destinés à la circulation de l'autre fluide en corrélation de transmission calorifique avec le premier fluide qui baigne ces tubes constituant un faisceau tubulaire.According to the embodiment of the invention shown, the heat exchanger comprises a substantially circular hollow cylindrical body 1 forming a grille constituting its lateral enclosure wall defining the interior space 2 of the exchanger in which the one of the two heating or cooling fluids entering the shell through the inlet pipe 3 and leaving it through the outlet pipe 4 of the shell. The grille is connected, at its opposite ends, respectively to two relatively thin tubular plates 5 in which are fixed and which are traversed by substantially rectilinear tubes 6 extending through the interior space 2 and intended for the circulation of the other fluid in correlation of heat transmission with the first fluid which bathes these tubes constituting a tubular bundle.

Au moins l'une des deux plaques tubulaires 5 et, de préférence, chacune d'elles est reliée, à l'extrémité voisine de la calandre 1, par une partie périphérique 7 constituant un raccordement flexible formant par exemple soufflet de dilatation ou ayant un effet équivalent.At least one of the two tubular plates 5 and, preferably, each of them is connected, at the neighboring end of the shell 1, by a peripheral part 7 constituting a flexible connection forming for example an expansion bellows or having a equivalent effect.

La calandre 1 est reliée à ses extrémités opposées respectivement à chaque raccordement flexible 7 de la plaque tubulaire correspondante 5 par un élément annulaire coaxial 8 beaucoup plus épais radialement que la calandre 1 et beaucoup plus épais longitudinalement que la plaque tubulaire associée 5.The shell 1 is connected at its opposite ends respectively to each flexible connection 7 of the corresponding tube plate 5 by a coaxial annular element 8 much thicker radially than the shell 1 and much thicker longitudinally than the associated tube plate 5.

Chaque élément annulaire 8 est solidaire ou fait partie intégrante de la virole 1 formant calandre ou est éventuellement rapporté sur celle-ci. Chaque élément annulaire 8 constitue une saillie radialement interne par exemple en forme d'épaulement sur la calandre 1 en présentant une configuration sensiblement cylindrique.Each annular element 8 is integral with or forms an integral part of the shell 1 forming a grille or is optionally attached thereto. Each annular element 8 constitutes a radially internal projection, for example in the form of a shoulder on the calender 1, having a substantially cylindrical configuration.

Chaque élément annulaire 8 est attaché au raccordement flexible voisin 7 avantageusement par soudage ou analogue.Each annular element 8 is attached to the neighboring flexible connection 7 advantageously by welding or the like.

A titre de simple exemple non restrictif, le fluide, circulant dans les tubes 6, est un gaz chaud à une température de 850°C qui est à abaisser à 400°C par échange thermique avec un fluide refroidisseur liquide qui est de l'eau à une pression de 130 bar, circulant dans la calandre 1. Les tubes 6 ont une longueur de 14 mètres entre les deux plaques tubulaires 5. Chaque plaque tubulaire 5 a une épaisseur de 20 mm à 25 mm tandis que la calandre 1 a une épaisseur de 90 mm et chaque élément ou portion annulaire 8 a une hauteur ou épaisseur radiale de 200 mm donc une saillie radiale de 110 mm et une épaisseur en direction longitudinale de 100 mm. Ces dimensions ne sont qu'indicatives car elles doivent être déterminées par un calcul précis des contraintes. Elles sont notamment fonction de la qualité des matériaux choisis qui peuvent être de nuances différentes respectivement pour la calandre, chaque élément annulaire, les plaques tubulaires et les autres parties composantes de l'échangeur.As a simple non-restrictive example, the fluid circulating in the tubes 6 is a hot gas at a temperature of 850 ° C. which is to be lowered to 400 ° C. by heat exchange with a liquid coolant which is water at a pressure of 130 bar, circulating in the shell 1. The tubes 6 have a length of 14 meters between the two tube plates 5. Each tube plate 5 has a thickness of 20 mm to 25 mm while the shell 1 has a thickness of 90 mm and each element or portion annular 8 has a radial height or thickness of 200 mm, therefore a radial projection of 110 mm and a thickness in the longitudinal direction of 100 mm. These dimensions are only indicative because they must be determined by a precise calculation of the stresses. They are in particular a function of the quality of the materials chosen which may be of different shades respectively for the radiator grille, each annular element, the tubular plates and the other component parts of the exchanger.

Bien entendu, l'invention n'est nullement limitée au mode de réalisation décrit et représenté qui n'a été donné qu'à titre d'exemple. Elle couvre notamment aussi tous les moyens équivalents à ceux décrits ainsi que leurs combinaisons dans le cadre défini par les revendications annexées.Of course, the invention is in no way limited to the embodiment described and shown which has been given only by way of example. It also covers in particular all means equivalent to those described as well as their combinations within the framework defined by the appended claims.

Claims (3)

Echangeur de chaleur à corps sensiblement cylindrique formant calandre (1) contenant au moins un faisceau de tubes droits de passage de fluide (6), fixé, à ses extrémités opposées, respectivement à deux plaques tubulaires (5) reliées à ladite calandre (1) qui est attachée à au moins l'une des plaques tubulaires par un raccordement flexible (7), caractérisé en ce qu'entre ledit raccordement flexible (7) et l'extrémité adjacente de ladite calandre (1) est interposée une pièce annulaire coaxiale rigide de jonction (8) reliée respectivement à ladite calandre (1) et audit raccordement flexible (7), ladite pièce annulaire étant en saillie radialement interne et de section suffisantes pour limiter au maximum, d'une part, l'accroissement du diamètre de la calandre (1) et, d'autre part, le déplacement du point d'attache du raccordement flexible (7) sur ladite pièce annulaire (8) sous l'effet de la pression interne.Heat exchanger with substantially cylindrical body forming a shell (1) containing at least one bundle of straight fluid passage tubes (6), fixed, at its opposite ends, respectively to two tubular plates (5) connected to said shell (1) which is attached to at least one of the tubular plates by a flexible connection (7), characterized in that between said flexible connection (7) and the adjacent end of said grille (1) is interposed a rigid coaxial annular piece junction (8) connected respectively to said grille (1) and to said flexible connection (7), said annular part projecting radially internally and of sufficient cross section to limit, on the one hand, the increase in the diameter of the calender (1) and, on the other hand, the displacement of the attachment point of the flexible connection (7) on said annular part (8) under the effect of internal pressure. Echangeur de chaleur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la différence, entre les rayons intérieurs respectivement de la calandre (1) et de la pièce annulaire (8) précitées, est égale environ à l'épaisseur de ladite calandre (1) tandis que l'épaisseur de ladite pièce annulaire (8) en direction longitudinale ou axiale est au moins égale au double de l'épaisseur de la plaque tubulaire correspondante (5).Heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that the difference, between the interior radii of the calender (1) and the annular part (8) above, respectively, is approximately equal to the thickness of said calender (1) while that the thickness of said annular part (8) in the longitudinal or axial direction is at least equal to twice the thickness of the corresponding tubular plate (5). Echangeur de chaleur selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que chaque pièce annulaire précitée (8) est solidaire ou fait partie intégrante de la calandre précitée (1) et est attachée par soudage au raccordement flexible voisin précité (7).Heat exchanger according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that each aforesaid annular part (8) is integral with or forms an integral part of the aforementioned shell (1) and is attached by welding to the aforementioned neighboring flexible connection (7).
EP19910401674 1990-06-21 1991-06-20 Tube-like heat-exchanger for hot and cold fluids, with great differences of temperature and pressure Expired - Lifetime EP0462903B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9007800 1990-06-21
FR9007800A FR2663724B1 (en) 1990-06-21 1990-06-21 TUBULAR HEAT EXCHANGER FOR RESPECTIVELY HOT AND COLD FLUIDS WITH LARGE DIFFERENCES IN RESPECT OF TEMPERATURE AND PRESSURE.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0462903A1 true EP0462903A1 (en) 1991-12-27
EP0462903B1 EP0462903B1 (en) 1993-10-27

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19910401674 Expired - Lifetime EP0462903B1 (en) 1990-06-21 1991-06-20 Tube-like heat-exchanger for hot and cold fluids, with great differences of temperature and pressure

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EP (1) EP0462903B1 (en)
DE (1) DE69100557T2 (en)
DK (1) DK0462903T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2052342T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2663724B1 (en)

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR695595A (en) * 1930-05-14 1930-12-18 Foster Wheeler Sa Improvement to steam condensers by surface
US2720259A (en) * 1950-04-14 1955-10-11 Chicago Bridge & Iron Co Gas venting of heat exchangers
FR2253999A1 (en) * 1974-11-29 1975-07-04 Haldor Topsoe As
US4157114A (en) * 1977-08-22 1979-06-05 Lorenzo John F De Tubesheet with a thermal sleeve
FR2415790A1 (en) * 1978-01-27 1979-08-24 Westinghouse Electric Corp Heat exchanger with outer chamber and inner tubes - joined by a tube plate with a flexible part to reduce thermal stresses
US4434840A (en) * 1981-07-24 1984-03-06 O'donnell & Associates Inc. Expansion joint for reactor or heat exchanger

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR695595A (en) * 1930-05-14 1930-12-18 Foster Wheeler Sa Improvement to steam condensers by surface
US2720259A (en) * 1950-04-14 1955-10-11 Chicago Bridge & Iron Co Gas venting of heat exchangers
FR2253999A1 (en) * 1974-11-29 1975-07-04 Haldor Topsoe As
US4157114A (en) * 1977-08-22 1979-06-05 Lorenzo John F De Tubesheet with a thermal sleeve
FR2415790A1 (en) * 1978-01-27 1979-08-24 Westinghouse Electric Corp Heat exchanger with outer chamber and inner tubes - joined by a tube plate with a flexible part to reduce thermal stresses
US4434840A (en) * 1981-07-24 1984-03-06 O'donnell & Associates Inc. Expansion joint for reactor or heat exchanger

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69100557T2 (en) 1994-04-28
FR2663724B1 (en) 1992-10-16
EP0462903B1 (en) 1993-10-27
ES2052342T3 (en) 1994-07-01
FR2663724A1 (en) 1991-12-27
DE69100557D1 (en) 1993-12-02
DK0462903T3 (en) 1994-03-21

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