EP0461963A1 - Method and device for logging non-eruptive wells - Google Patents
Method and device for logging non-eruptive wells Download PDFInfo
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- EP0461963A1 EP0461963A1 EP91401485A EP91401485A EP0461963A1 EP 0461963 A1 EP0461963 A1 EP 0461963A1 EP 91401485 A EP91401485 A EP 91401485A EP 91401485 A EP91401485 A EP 91401485A EP 0461963 A1 EP0461963 A1 EP 0461963A1
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- Prior art keywords
- effluents
- measuring
- production
- well
- tube
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 9
- 101100084595 Caenorhabditis elegans pam-1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000021183 entrée Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001012 protector Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/10—Locating fluid leaks, intrusions or movements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/12—Methods or apparatus for controlling the flow of the obtained fluid to or in wells
- E21B43/121—Lifting well fluids
- E21B43/128—Adaptation of pump systems with down-hole electric drives
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/06—Measuring temperature or pressure
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an improved method and device for carrying out logs in an activated non-eruptive production well, making it possible to improve the measurements obtained.
- This tube can possibly be cemented, the cemented annular being provided with passages putting the production area in communication with the tube.
- a production column is lowered, formed by connecting successive sections and provided with centering elements. Sealing means are arranged in the annular space between the column and the tube, so as to channel into the column all of the effluents produced by the production area. Since the well is not eruptive, activation means are associated with the column and lowered into the well to suck up the effluents. These activation means comprise a pump driven in rotation by an electric or hydraulic motor.
- the logging device comprises at least one set of measuring instruments disposed at the base of the production column for measuring characteristics of part of the flows drawn by the pump. Isolation means are arranged around the column so as to separate the tube or liner into two parts and to limit the measurements made to effluents coming from only one of these two parts.
- the device can also include two measurement sets for separately measuring the characteristics of the flows coming from the two opposite parts of the tube and homogenization means for mixing the effluents in the case of multiphase production, so as to improve the accuracy of the measurements. do on the flows.
- the logging device is moved, so as to make measurements on the effluents flowing from the formation in different places from the well towards the inlet of the pump.
- the improved method according to the invention makes it possible, by avoiding the drawbacks mentioned above, to carry out production logs in a non-eruptive well crossing a underground zone producing effluents, this well being equipped for the production of these effluents by means of a perforated tube in its part crossing said underground zone.
- the method involves the use of a production column connected to a surface installation, of means for closing the annular space between the tube and the production column, to isolate the two parts of the tube on either side, pumping means for activating the production of the well by said column and of at least one set of measuring instruments operating on at least part of the effluents produced, arranged in the vicinity of the end lower.
- auxiliary pumping means to increase the pressure of the effluents before their measurement to take account of the pressure drop undergone by the effluents during their passage through each set of measuring instruments.
- the method comprises for example the compression of only part of the effluents produced so as to compensate for said pressure drop.
- the method may also include measuring the variations in the flow rate of the effluents entering each measurement assembly, as a function of the overpressure applied by the auxiliary pumping means, so as to determine the variations in the quantities of effluents flowing on one side. to the other of said closing means between the well and said perforated tube.
- the improved device makes it possible to carry out production logs in a non-eruptive well passing through an underground zone producing effluents, this well being equipped for the production of these effluents by means of a perforated tube in its part passing through said underground area.
- the device comprises a production column connected to a surface installation, means for closing the annular space between the tube and the production column, to isolate the two parts of the tube from one another and from other, pumping means to activate the production of the well by said column and means for measuring at least part of the effluents produced, disposed in the vicinity of the lower end of the column. It is characterized in that it includes auxiliary pumping means with adjustable flow rate or pressure gain to compress at least part of the effluents produced before their measurement, and pressure sensors arranged at the inlet of said auxiliary pumping means. and at the output of the measuring means.
- the auxiliary pumping means comprise for example a pump driven by a synchronous motor supplied by a variable current generator arranged on the surface, by means of an electric cable.
- the auxiliary pumping means comprise for example a positive displacement pump whose flow rate varies in known manner as a function of its drive speed, and a drive motor whose speed of rotation can be precisely adjusted.
- the measurement means comprise a single set of instruments for measuring characteristics of the effluents from products produced on one side of said closure means, said assembly being associated with auxiliary pumping means.
- the device according to the invention comprises two measuring assemblies for separately measuring the characteristics of the effluents produced respectively in the two parts of the well on either side of the closure means, at least one of these two assemblies being associated with auxiliary pumping means.
- the well 1 comprises a substantially vertical part 2 and a part 3, substantially horizontal or inclined relative to the vertical, in which oil production is carried out in normal operation.
- the well is provided with a casing 4 terminated by a shoe 5.
- a perforated tube 6 is placed over at least part of its length.
- the tube 6 can, depending on the case, be cemented in the well (Fig. 1) or non-cemented (Fig. 2). It is through the perforations of the tube and / or the annular space between it and the well that the flow of fluid from the geological formation takes place during activation.
- a column 8 is lowered into the well, preferably equipped with protectors or centralizers 9 in the deviated and horizontal part of the well.
- a means activation of production such as a pump 10 and a set of instruments 11 for making measurements on the flows of fluid out of the formation, such as the flow as a function of the curvilinear abscissa along the perforated tube where the nature of the effluents: oil, gas or water etc.
- the pump 10 is activated (Fig. 1) by an electric motor powered by a multi-line cable 12 passing through the annular zone 13 located between the column 8 and the casing 4 as well as in the annular zone 14 between the column 8 and the tube 6.
- the multi-line cable 12 is unwound from a surface reel (not shown) as and when the elements constituting the column 8 are assembled and therefore the pump 10 is lowered into the well.
- the pump can also be supplied with energy by a multi-line cable 15 (fig. 2) which runs inside the column 8 and is connected to the motor by a bottom connector 16 of the delayed connection type as it is described in French patent 2,544,013.
- This cable 15 enters column 8 by a side window connector 17.
- the wall of the tubular column 8 is full up to the pump 10 and provided with orifices 18 in the space left between it and the set of instruments 11.
- a sealing means 19 of the cup type for example, to separate the upstream flow from part 20 of the formation furthest from the surface from one another, from the downstream flow from opposite part 21.
- the upstream flow passes through the set of instruments 11 and with the downstream flow entering through the openings 18, it is collected by the pump 10 and discharged towards the surface installation.
- the instrument set 11 is moved to a new location in the well and a localized series of measurements can be carried out, as described in the requests. of the aforementioned French patents.
- the tube 6 is not cemented in the well (Fig. 2), part of the flow coming from the upstream zone 20, tends, by virtue of this pressure drop which can be significant, to bypass the assembly d instruments 11 for directly reaching the downstream zone by passing through orifices 18.
- the measurements made by the set of instruments 11 are therefore not very representative of the actual flow flowing from the upstream zone 20.
- the method according to the invention makes it possible to correct the anomalies resulting from this uncontrolled leak rate. It essentially consists in raising the pressure of the upstream effluents entering the measurement assembly 11 by an amount sufficient to compensate for the pressure drop which they undergo while crossing it.
- a pump 22 is driven to the terminal part of the column, driven by variable speed motor means controlled from the surface installation. It may for example be a two-phase or three-phase electric motor supplied from the surface installation by means of a line included in the cable 12 or 15 and connected to an alternating current generator with variable frequency (not shown) . By varying the frequency of the current, it is possible to vary the speed of rotation of the pump 22 and thus increase or decrease at will its outlet pressure.
- Pressure sensors 23, 24 are disposed respectively in the vicinity of the inlet of the pump 22 and in the vicinity of the outlet of the set of measuring instruments 11.
- a pump 22 of the volumetric type is used, driven by a motor of variable speed of rotation and precisely adjustable over a large range of variation (of the DC motor type), the speed of rotation of this pump giving the value of the flow effluent flowing through it.
- the flow rate Qam1 entering the positive displacement pump is measured at the abscissa L2.
- the overpressure imposed by the positive displacement pump 22 is reduced, the new pressure at its outlet being equal to PS2 ⁇ PS1, by modifying the setting of the main pump 10 so as to maintain a constant pressure Pam1, the pressure drop ⁇ P is only partially compensated and part of the effluent escapes towards the orifices 18 (Fig. 7, 8) and the inlet of the lift pump 10 passing through the interstitial space between the tube 6 and the well.
- the overpressure imposed by the positive displacement pump 22 is increased, with an outlet pressure equal to PS3> PS1, also modifying the setting of the main pump 10 so as to maintain a constant pressure Pam1, part of the effluents coming from the downstream (Fig. 9, 10) will bypass the measuring assembly 11 passing between the perforated tube 6 and the well 1 to also enter the positive displacement pump 22.
- the embodiment described relates only to the measurement on the upstream effluents after compression to compensate for the pressure drop. However, it would not go beyond the scope of the invention as described in the aforementioned French patent applications, also by measuring downstream effluents by a second set of instruments. In this case, we proceed in the same way to a prior compression of the effluents from the downstream zone in another positive displacement pump of the same type as the pump 22, to compensate for the pressure drop suffered by crossing the second set of measuring instruments.
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- Geology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geophysics (AREA)
- Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
- Examining Or Testing Airtightness (AREA)
- Multi-Process Working Machines And Systems (AREA)
- Debugging And Monitoring (AREA)
- Measuring Volume Flow (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
- Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
Abstract
La méthode comporte la descente d'un ensemble de pompage et de mesure dans un puits de production (1) pourvu d'un tube perforé (6) dans sa partie (3) traversant une zone productrice. Cet ensemble est fixé à l'extrémité d'une colonne de production (8) et comporte une pompe de d'activation (10) et au moins un ensemble (11) de mesure des effluents produits. Le perfectionnement consiste essentiellement en ce que l'on utilise un moyen de pompage auxiliaire tel qu'une pompe du type volumétrique (22) par exemple, pour supprimer la perte de charge subie par les effluents durant leur traversée de la zone de mesure, qui fausse les valeurs mesurées et provoque des flux parasites par contournement entre le tube (6) et la paroi du puits (1). Par une variation du débit de la pompe volumétrique (22), on peut mesurer l'importance de ces débits de fuites.Application à l'étude des puits de production pétrolière par exemple.The method comprises the descent of a pumping and measuring assembly into a production well (1) provided with a perforated tube (6) in its part (3) passing through a producing zone. This assembly is attached to the end of a production column (8) and comprises an activation pump (10) and at least one assembly (11) for measuring the effluents produced. The improvement essentially consists in using an auxiliary pumping means such as a pump of the volumetric type (22) for example, to eliminate the pressure drop undergone by the effluents during their crossing of the measurement zone, which falsifies the measured values and causes parasitic flows by bypass between the tube (6) and the wall of the well (1). By varying the flow rate of the volumetric pump (22), it is possible to measure the importance of these leak flow rates. Application to the study of oil production wells for example.
Description
La présente invention concerne une méthode et un dispositif perfectionnés pour effectuer des diagraphies dans un puits de production non éruptif activé, permettant d'améliorer les mesures obtenues.The present invention relates to an improved method and device for carrying out logs in an activated non-eruptive production well, making it possible to improve the measurements obtained.
Dans les demandes de brevet français FR 2 637 939 et 89/04 225 sont décrits différents modes de réalisation d'une méthode et d'un dispositif de diagraphies de production pour puits non éruptif nécessitant, pour sa mise en production, la mise en oeuvre de moyens d'activation et notamment pour puits déviés. Cette méthode et ce dispositif conviennent en particulier pour des puits destinés à la production d'effluents pétroliers. Il permet de déterminer les portions des puits les plus favorables notamment quand ils traversent des réservoirs hétérogènes produisant de l'huile mais aussi de l'eau et du gaz. L'équipement d'un puits comporte généralement un cuvelage ou casing maintenu en place par cimentation. Dans toute la zone destinée à la production, est installé un tube ou "liner" perforé sur au moins une partie de sa longueur qui prolonge le casing. Ce tube peut être éventuellement cimenté, l'annulaire cimenté étant pourvu de passages mettant la zone de production en communication avec le tube. A l'intérieur du tube, est descendue une colonne de production constituée par raccordement de sections successives et pourvue d'éléments de centrage. Des moyens d'étanchéité sont disposés dans l'espace annulaire entre la colonne et le tube, de manière à canaliser dans la colonne l'ensemble des effluents produits par la zone de production. Le puits n'étant pas éruptif, des moyens d'activation sont associés à la colonne et descendus dans le puits pour aspirer les effluents. Ces moyens d'activation comportent une pompe entraînée en rotation par un moteur électrique ou hydraulique.In French
Le dispositif de diagraphie comporte au moins un ensemble d'instruments de mesure disposé à la base de la colonne de production pour mesurer des caractéristiques d'une partie des écoulements aspirés par la pompe. Des moyens d'isolement sont disposés autour de la colonne de manière à séparer en deux parties le tube ou liner et à restreindre les mesures effectuées aux effluents provenant d'une seule de ces deux parties. Le dispositif peut comporter aussi deux ensembles de mesure pour mesurer séparément les caractéristiques des écoulements provenant des deux parties opposées du tube et des moyens d'homogénéisation pour mélanger les effluents dans le cas d'une production polyphasique, de manière à améliorer la précision des mesures faites sur les écoulements. Par allongement ou raccourcissement de la colonne, on déplace le dispositif de diagraphie, de manière à faire des mesures sur les effluents s'écoulant de la formation en différents endroits du puits vers l'entrée de la pompe.The logging device comprises at least one set of measuring instruments disposed at the base of the production column for measuring characteristics of part of the flows drawn by the pump. Isolation means are arranged around the column so as to separate the tube or liner into two parts and to limit the measurements made to effluents coming from only one of these two parts. The device can also include two measurement sets for separately measuring the characteristics of the flows coming from the two opposite parts of the tube and homogenization means for mixing the effluents in the case of multiphase production, so as to improve the accuracy of the measurements. do on the flows. By lengthening or shortening the column, the logging device is moved, so as to make measurements on the effluents flowing from the formation in different places from the well towards the inlet of the pump.
Un problème demeure qui vient fausser les mesures sur les caractéristiques des écoulements. C'est la perte de charge plus ou moins importante que provoque chaque ensemble d'instruments de mesure placé dans les flux s'écoulant de la zone de production activée, qui a pour effet d'influencer les débits mesurés en chaque endroit de la zone productrice. Suivant que les effluents viennent de l'amont ou de l'aval dudit ensemble, les pressions d'écoulement sont différentes. En outre, du fait de ces pertes de charge, une partie mal définie des effluents a tendance à contourner les instruments de mesure dans le cas d'un liner non cimenté, et ces débits de fuite ne sont pas mesurés. Il est donc souhaitable que l'on puisse corriger cette perte de charge, de manière que les débits mesurés tout le long du tube, correspondent à une pression d'écoulement sensiblement constante.A problem remains which distorts the measurements on the characteristics of flows. It is the more or less significant pressure drop caused by each set of measuring instruments placed in the flows flowing from the activated production zone, which has the effect of influencing the flow rates measured at each location in the zone. producer. Depending on whether the effluents come from upstream or downstream of said assembly, the flow pressures are different. In addition, due to these pressure drops, a poorly defined part of the effluents tends to bypass the measuring instruments in the case of an uncemented liner, and these leakage rates are not measured. It is therefore desirable that this pressure drop can be corrected, so that the flow rates measured all along the tube correspond to a substantially constant flow pressure.
La méthode perfectionnée selon l'invention permet, en évitant les inconvénients ci-dessus mentionnés, d'effectuer des diagraphies de production dans un puits non éruptif traversant une zone souterraine produisant des effluents, ce puits étant équipé pour la production de ces effluents au moyen d'un tube perforé dans sa partie traversant ladite zone souterraine. La méthode comporte l'utilisation d'une colonne de production reliée à une installation de surface, de moyens de fermeture de l'espace annulaire entre le tube et la colonne de production, pour isoler l'une de l'autre les deux parties du tube de part et d'autre, de moyens de pompage pour activer la production du puits par ladite colonne et d'au moins un ensemble d'instruments de mesure opérant sur une partie au moins des effluents produits, disposés au voisinage de l'extrémité inférieure.The improved method according to the invention makes it possible, by avoiding the drawbacks mentioned above, to carry out production logs in a non-eruptive well crossing a underground zone producing effluents, this well being equipped for the production of these effluents by means of a perforated tube in its part crossing said underground zone. The method involves the use of a production column connected to a surface installation, of means for closing the annular space between the tube and the production column, to isolate the two parts of the tube on either side, pumping means for activating the production of the well by said column and of at least one set of measuring instruments operating on at least part of the effluents produced, arranged in the vicinity of the end lower.
Elle se caractérise par l'emploi de moyens de pompage auxiliaires pour augmenter la pression des effluents préalablement à leur mesure pour tenir compte de la perte de charge subie par les effluents durant leur passage au travers de chaque ensemble d'instruments de mesure.It is characterized by the use of auxiliary pumping means to increase the pressure of the effluents before their measurement to take account of the pressure drop undergone by the effluents during their passage through each set of measuring instruments.
La méthode comporte par exemple la compression d'une partie seulement des effluents produits de façon à compenser ladite perte de charge.The method comprises for example the compression of only part of the effluents produced so as to compensate for said pressure drop.
La méthode peut comporter en outre la mesure des variations du débit des effluents pénétrant dans chaque ensemble de mesure, en fonction de la surpression appliquée par les moyens de pompage auxiliaires, de manière à déterminer les variations des quantités d'effluents passant d'un côté à l'autre desdits moyens de fermeture entre le puits et ledit tube perforé.The method may also include measuring the variations in the flow rate of the effluents entering each measurement assembly, as a function of the overpressure applied by the auxiliary pumping means, so as to determine the variations in the quantities of effluents flowing on one side. to the other of said closing means between the well and said perforated tube.
Le dispositif perfectionné selon l'invention permet d'effectuer des diagraphies de production dans un puits non éruptif traversant une zone souterraine produisant des effluents, ce puits étant équipé pour la production de ces effluents au moyen d'un tube perforé dans sa partie traversant ladite zone souterraine. Le dispositif comporte une colonne de production reliée à une installation de surface, des moyens de fermeture de l'espace annulaire entre le tube et la colonne de production, pour isoler l'une de l'autre les deux parties du tube de part et d'autre, des moyens de pompage pour activer la production du puits par ladite colonne et des moyens de mesure d'une partie au moins des effluents produits, disposés au voisinage de l'extrémité inférieure de la colonne. Il est caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte des moyens de pompage auxiliaires à débit ou à gain de pression réglable pour comprimer une partie au moins des effluents produits avant leur mesure, et des capteurs de pression disposés à l'entrée desdits moyens de pompage auxiliaires et à la sortie des moyens de mesure.The improved device according to the invention makes it possible to carry out production logs in a non-eruptive well passing through an underground zone producing effluents, this well being equipped for the production of these effluents by means of a perforated tube in its part passing through said underground area. The device comprises a production column connected to a surface installation, means for closing the annular space between the tube and the production column, to isolate the two parts of the tube from one another and from other, pumping means to activate the production of the well by said column and means for measuring at least part of the effluents produced, disposed in the vicinity of the lower end of the column. It is characterized in that it includes auxiliary pumping means with adjustable flow rate or pressure gain to compress at least part of the effluents produced before their measurement, and pressure sensors arranged at the inlet of said auxiliary pumping means. and at the output of the measuring means.
Les moyens de pompage auxiliaires comportent par exemple une pompe entraînée par un moteur synchrone alimenté par un générateur de courant variable disposé en surface, au moyen d'un câble électrique.The auxiliary pumping means comprise for example a pump driven by a synchronous motor supplied by a variable current generator arranged on the surface, by means of an electric cable.
Les moyens de pompage auxiliaires comportent par exemple une pompe volumétrique dont le débit varie de manière connue en fonction de sa vitesse d'entraînement, et un moteur d'entraînement dont la vitesse de rotation peut être réglée avec précision.The auxiliary pumping means comprise for example a positive displacement pump whose flow rate varies in known manner as a function of its drive speed, and a drive motor whose speed of rotation can be precisely adjusted.
Suivant un mode de réalisation, les moyens de mesure comportent un seul ensemble d'instruments pour mesurer des caractéristiques des effluents issus produits d'un côté desdits moyens de fermeture, ledit ensemble étant associé à des moyens de pompage auxiliaires.According to one embodiment, the measurement means comprise a single set of instruments for measuring characteristics of the effluents from products produced on one side of said closure means, said assembly being associated with auxiliary pumping means.
Suivant un autre mode de réalisation, le dispositif selon l'invention comporte deux ensembles de mesure pour mesurer séparément les caractéristiques des effluents produits respectivement dans les deux parties du puits de part et d'autre des moyens de fermeture, l'un au moins de ces deux ensembles étant associé à des moyens de pompage auxiliaires.According to another embodiment, the device according to the invention comprises two measuring assemblies for separately measuring the characteristics of the effluents produced respectively in the two parts of the well on either side of the closure means, at least one of these two assemblies being associated with auxiliary pumping means.
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de la méthode et du dispositif selon l'invention apparaîtront mieux à la lecture de la description ci-après de modes de réalisation décrits à titre d'exemples non limitatifs, en se référant aux dessins annexés où :
- la Fig.1 montre un ensemble d'activation et de mesure descendu dans un puits de production pourvu d'un tubage cimenté;
- la fig.2 montre un ensemble analogue descendu dans un puits équipé d'un tubage non cimenté;
- la Fig.3 montre l'ensemble d'activation et de mesure sans l'appoint des moyens de pompage auxiliaires;
- la Fig.4 montre un diagramme des pressions entre l'entrée et la sortie de l'ensemble de mesure précédent;
- la Fig.5 montre l'ensemble d'activation et de mesure combiné avec des moyens de pompage auxiliaires;
- la Fig.6 montre un exemple de diagramme de pression modifié par la présence des moyens de pompage auxiliaires dans le cas d'une compensation totale de la perte de charge consécutive au passage des effluents dans l'ensemble d'instruments de mesure;
- les Fig.7 et 8 correspondent respectivement aux Fig. 5 et 6 dans le cas d'une sous-compensation de la perte de charge; et
- les Fig 9 et 10 correspondent repectivement aux Fig.5 et 6 dans le cas d'une surcompensation de la perte de charge.
- Fig.1 shows an activation and measurement assembly lowered into a production well provided with cemented casing;
- Fig.2 shows a similar assembly lowered into a well equipped with non-cemented casing;
- Fig.3 shows the activation and measurement assembly without the addition of auxiliary pumping means;
- Fig.4 shows a diagram of the pressures between the inlet and the outlet of the previous measurement assembly;
- Fig.5 shows the activation and measurement assembly combined with auxiliary pumping means;
- Fig.6 shows an example of pressure diagram modified by the presence of auxiliary pumping means in the case of total compensation for the pressure drop following the passage of effluents in the set of measuring instruments;
- Figs. 7 and 8 correspond respectively to Figs. 5 and 6 in the case of under-compensation of the pressure drop; and
- Figures 9 and 10 correspond respectively to Figures 5 and 6 in the case of overcompensation of the pressure drop.
Dans le puits de production 1 représenté schématiquement à la figure 1 ou 2, on souhaite effectuer des mesures de caractéristiques d'écoulement de fluide liées à la formation le long de la partie du puits en production, ces mesures devant rendre compte de variations de certaines caractéristiques entre différents points de la zone de production traversée. Le puits 1 comporte une partie sensiblement verticale 2 et une partie 3, sensiblement horizontale ou inclinée par rapport à la verticale, dans laquelle est réalisée en fonctionnement normal la production pétrolière. Dans sa partie non productrice le puits est pourvu d'un cuvelage 4 terminé par un sabot 5.In the production well 1 shown diagrammatically in FIG. 1 or 2, it is desired to carry out measurements of fluid flow characteristics linked to the formation along the part of the well in production, these measurements having to account for variations in certain characteristics between different points of the production area crossed. The
Dans cette zone de production, est placé un tube 6 perforé sur au moins une partie de sa longueur. Le tube 6 peut selon les cas être cimenté dans le puits (Fig. 1) ou non cimenté (Fig. 2). C'est à travers les perforations du tube et/ou de l'espace annulaire entre lui et le puits que s'effectuent en cours d'activation les écoulements de fluide en provenance de la formation géologique 7.In this production zone, a
On descend dans le puits une colonne 8 équipée de préférence de protecteurs ou centreurs 9 dans la partie déviée et horizontale du puits. Dans cette colonne, est placé un moyen d'activation de la production tel qu'une pompe 10 et un ensemble d'instruments 11 pour faire des mesures sur les écoulements de fluide hors de la formation, telles que le débit en fonction de l'abscisse curviligne le long du tube perforé où la nature des effluents : huile, gaz ou eau etc.A column 8 is lowered into the well, preferably equipped with protectors or centralizers 9 in the deviated and horizontal part of the well. In this column, is placed a means activation of production such as a
La pompe 10 est activée (Fig. 1) par un moteur électrique alimenté par un câble multi-lignes 12 passant dans la zone annulaire 13 située entre la colonne 8 et le cuvelage 4 ainsi que dans la zone annulaire 14 entre la colonne 8 et le tube 6. Le câble multi-lignes 12 est déroulé d'un touret en surface (non représenté) au fur et à mesure de l'assemblage des éléments qui constituent la colonne 8 et donc de la descente de la pompe 10 dans le puits.The
La pompe peut encore être alimentée en énergie par un câble multi-lignes 15 (fig. 2) qui court à l'intérieur de la colonne 8 et est connecté au moteur par un connecteur de fond 16 du type à connexion différée tel qu'il est décrit dans le brevet français 2 544 013. Ce câble 15 pénètre dans la colonne 8 par un raccord à fenêtre latérale 17.The pump can also be supplied with energy by a multi-line cable 15 (fig. 2) which runs inside the column 8 and is connected to the motor by a
La paroi de la colonne tubulaire 8 est pleine jusqu'à la pompe 10 et pourvue d'orifices 18 dans l'intervalle laissé entre elle et l'ensemble d'instruments 11. Autour de la colonne 8 est disposé un moyen d'étanchéité 19 du type à coupelles par exemple, pour séparer l'un de l'autre le flux amont issu de la partie 20 de la formation la plus éloignée de la surface, du flux aval issu de la partie 21 opposée.The wall of the tubular column 8 is full up to the
Le flux amont passe au travers de l'ensemble d'instruments 11 et avec le flux aval pénétrant par les ouvertures 18, il est collecté par la pompe 10 et refoulé vers l'installation de surface. En ajoutant ou en retirant un certain nombre d'éléments à la colonne 8, on déplace l'ensemble d'instruments 11 jusqu'à un nouvel emplacement du puits et on peut effectuer une série de mesures localisée, comme il est décrit dans les demandes de brevets français précitées.The upstream flow passes through the set of
Un inconvénient de ce type d'installation tient à la perte de charge Δp subie par les effluents au fur et à mesure de leur passage au travers de l'ensemble d'instruments 11 (Fig. 3).One drawback of this type of installation is the pressure drop Δp suffered by the effluents as they are passage through the set of instruments 11 (Fig. 3).
A la sortie de l'ensemble d'instruments 11 que l'on prend comme référence (x=0), la pression Pav est plus basse que la pression Pam à l'entrée de celui-ci à l'abscisse x=L (Fig. 4). Quand le tube 6 n'est pas cimenté dans le puits (Fig. 2), une partie du flux venant de la zone amont 20, a tendance, du fait de cette perte de charge qui peut être importante, à contourner l'ensemble d'instruments 11 pour gagner directement la zone aval en passant au travers des orifices 18. Les mesures faites par l'ensemble d'instruments 11 ne sont donc pas bien représentatives du débit réel s'écoulant de la zone amont 20.At the output of the set of
La méthode selon l'invention permet de corriger les anomalies résultant de ce débit de fuite incontrôlé. Elle consiste essentiellement à élever la pression des effluents d'amont pénétrant dans l'ensemble de mesure 11 d'une quantité suffisante pour compenser la perte de charge qu'ils subissent en le traversant. A cet effet, on fixe à la partie terminale de la colonne une pompe 22 entraînée par des moyens moteurs à vitesse variable commandée depuis l'installation de surface. Il peut s'agir par exemple d'un moteur électrique biphasé ou triphasé alimenté depuis l'installation de surface au moyen d'une ligne incluse dans le câble 12 ou 15 et reliée à un générateur de courant alternatif à fréquence variable (non représenté). En faisant varier la fréquence du courant, on peut faire varier la vitesse de rotation de la pompe 22 et ainsi augmenter ou diminuer à volonté sa pression de sortie. Des capteurs de pression 23, 24 sont disposés respectivement au voisinage de l'entrée de la pompe 22 et au voisinage de la sortie de l'ensemble d'instruments de mesure 11.The method according to the invention makes it possible to correct the anomalies resulting from this uncontrolled leak rate. It essentially consists in raising the pressure of the upstream effluents entering the
La méthode selon l'invention consiste donc essentiellement à ajuster la vitesse de rotation de la pompe pour que les effluents d'amont à la pression Pam1 (abscisse L2) soient portés (Fig. 6) à une pression PS1=Pam1+ Δp avant leur passage au travers des instruments de mesure.The method according to the invention therefore essentially consists in adjusting the speed of rotation of the pump so that the upstream effluents at the pressure Pam1 (abscissa L2) are brought (Fig. 6) to a pressure PS1 = Pam1 + Δp before their passage through measuring instruments.
Du fait de la perte de charge Δp inhérente aux instruments de mesure, la pression des effluents amont se retrouve vers l'entrée de la pompe 10 égale à la pression Pam1.Due to the pressure drop Δp inherent in the measuring instruments, the upstream effluent pressure is found towards the inlet of the
De préférence on utilise une pompe 22 de type volumétrique, entraînée par un moteur de vitesse de rotation variable et réglable précisément sur une grande plage de variation (du type moteur à courant continu), la vitesse de rotation de cette pompe donnant la valeur du débit des effluents qui la traverse. On mesure dans ce cas le débit Qam1 entrant dans la pompe volumétrique à l'abscisse L2.Preferably, a
L'utilisation d'une pompe 22 de ce type rend possible des mesures des débits de fuite quand les effluents contournent les ensembles d'instruments de mesure en passant entre le tube perforé 6 et la paroi du puits.The use of a
Si l'on diminue la surpression imposée par la pompe volumétrique 22, la nouvelle pression à sa sortie étant égale à PS2 < PS1, en modifiant le réglage de la pompe principale 10 de manière à conserver une pression Pam1 constante, la perte de charge ΔP n'est compensée qu'en partie et une partie des effluents s'échappe vers les orifices 18 (Fig. 7, 8) et l'entrée de la pompe de relevage 10 en passant dans l'espace intersticiel entre le tube 6 et le puits. Le débit de fluite QF2 est évalué en comparant le nouveau débit Qam2 d'effluents traversant la pompe volumétrique 22 avec le précédent Qam1
Si l'on augmente la surpression imposée par la pompe volumétrique 22, avec une pression de sortie égale à PS3> PS1, en modifiant également le réglage de la pompe principale 10 de manière à conserver une pression Pam1 constante, une partie des effluents venant de l'aval (Fig. 9, 10) va contourner l'ensemble de mesure 11 en passant entre le tube perforé 6 et le puits 1 pour entrer aussi dans la pompe volumétrique 22. Dans ce cas le débit de fluite QF3 peut également être évalué en comparant le nouveau débit Qam3 et le débit Qam1
Par une variation de la vitesse de rotation de la pompe 22, on est donc en mesure de connaître ainsi l'importance des débits de fluite ainsi que leurs sens d'écoulement.By varying the speed of rotation of the
Le mode de réalisation décrit concerne seulement la mesure sur les effluents d'amont après une compression compensant la perte de charge. Cependant, on ne sortirait pas du cadre de l'invention comme il est décrit dans les demandes de brevet français précitées, en mesurant aussi les effluents aval par un deuxième ensemble d'instruments. Dans ce cas, on procède de la même façon à une compression préalable des effluents issue de la zone d'aval dans une autre pompe volumétrique du même type que la pompe 22, pour compenser la perte de charge subie en traversant le deuxième ensemble d'instruments de mesure.The embodiment described relates only to the measurement on the upstream effluents after compression to compensate for the pressure drop. However, it would not go beyond the scope of the invention as described in the aforementioned French patent applications, also by measuring downstream effluents by a second set of instruments. In this case, we proceed in the same way to a prior compression of the effluents from the downstream zone in another positive displacement pump of the same type as the
On ne sortirait pas non plus du cadre de l'invention en remplaçant le moteur électrique asynchrone d'entraînement de la pompe volumétrique 22 par un moteur hydraulique, un moteur à courant continu avec ou sans balais etc.It would also not depart from the scope of the invention to replace the asynchronous electric motor for driving the
Claims (10)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9007312 | 1990-06-11 | ||
FR9007312A FR2663076B1 (en) | 1990-06-11 | 1990-06-11 | IMPROVED METHOD AND DEVICE FOR IMPROVING THE PRODUCTION DIAGRAPHS OF AN ACTIVE NON-ERUPTIVE WELL. |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0461963A1 true EP0461963A1 (en) | 1991-12-18 |
EP0461963B1 EP0461963B1 (en) | 1994-02-16 |
Family
ID=9397530
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP91401485A Expired - Lifetime EP0461963B1 (en) | 1990-06-11 | 1991-06-06 | Method and device for logging non-eruptive wells |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5207096A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0461963B1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2044330C (en) |
DK (1) | DK0461963T3 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2663076B1 (en) |
NO (1) | NO178943C (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2679958B1 (en) * | 1991-08-02 | 1997-06-27 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | SYSTEM, SUPPORT FOR PERFORMING MEASUREMENTS OR INTERVENTIONS IN A WELLBORE OR DURING DRILLING, AND USES THEREOF. |
FR2679957B1 (en) * | 1991-08-02 | 1998-12-04 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PERFORMING MEASUREMENTS AND / OR INTERVENTIONS IN A WELL BORE OR DURING DRILLING. |
FR2683590B1 (en) * | 1991-11-13 | 1993-12-31 | Institut Francais Petrole | MEASURING AND INTERVENTION DEVICE IN A WELL, ASSEMBLY METHOD AND USE IN AN OIL WELL. |
US5477923A (en) * | 1992-08-07 | 1995-12-26 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Wellbore completion using measurement-while-drilling techniques |
US6101871A (en) * | 1995-02-28 | 2000-08-15 | Sandra K. Myers | In-ground vapor monitoring device and method |
WO2001020126A2 (en) * | 1999-09-15 | 2001-03-22 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | System for enhancing fluid flow in a well |
RU2018102076A (en) | 2011-12-15 | 2019-02-21 | Рейз Продакшн, Инк. | HORIZONTAL-VERTICAL PUMPING SYSTEM FOR RETRIEVING Borehole Fluid |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3283570A (en) * | 1963-06-26 | 1966-11-08 | Sun Oil Co | Production measurement in multiple completion wells |
US4006630A (en) * | 1976-05-26 | 1977-02-08 | Atlantic Richfield Company | Well testing apparatus |
US4222438A (en) * | 1978-10-30 | 1980-09-16 | Standard Oil Company (Indiana) | Reservoir fluid sampling method and apparatus |
FR2544013A1 (en) * | 1983-04-07 | 1984-10-12 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PERFORMING MEASUREMENTS OR / AND INTERVENTIONS IN A WELL |
FR2637939A1 (en) * | 1988-10-14 | 1990-04-20 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Method and device for logging in a non-eruptive oil-production well |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2085972A (en) * | 1934-08-29 | 1937-07-06 | Halliburton Oil Well Cementing | Apparatus for testing oil well for mations by pumping |
US2376878A (en) * | 1941-12-15 | 1945-05-29 | Dow Chemical Co | Method of determining the permeability of earth formations |
US3083774A (en) * | 1959-12-24 | 1963-04-02 | Jersey Prod Res Co | Subsurface packer inflating pump |
US3163487A (en) * | 1963-07-01 | 1964-12-29 | Jersey Prod Res Co | Subsurface recording collar locator |
US3750766A (en) * | 1971-10-28 | 1973-08-07 | Exxon Production Research Co | Controlling subsurface pressures while drilling with oil base muds |
FR2168920B1 (en) * | 1972-01-26 | 1975-06-13 | Schlumberger Prospection | |
US4392376A (en) * | 1981-03-31 | 1983-07-12 | S-Cubed | Method and apparatus for monitoring borehole conditions |
US4442895A (en) * | 1982-09-07 | 1984-04-17 | S-Cubed | Method of hydrofracture in underground formations |
US4507957A (en) * | 1983-05-16 | 1985-04-02 | Dresser Industries, Inc. | Apparatus for testing earth formations |
US5095745A (en) * | 1990-06-15 | 1992-03-17 | Louisiana State University | Method and apparatus for testing subsurface formations |
-
1990
- 1990-06-11 FR FR9007312A patent/FR2663076B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1991
- 1991-06-06 EP EP91401485A patent/EP0461963B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-06-06 DK DK91401485.7T patent/DK0461963T3/en active
- 1991-06-10 NO NO912219A patent/NO178943C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-06-11 CA CA002044330A patent/CA2044330C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-06-11 US US07/713,317 patent/US5207096A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3283570A (en) * | 1963-06-26 | 1966-11-08 | Sun Oil Co | Production measurement in multiple completion wells |
US4006630A (en) * | 1976-05-26 | 1977-02-08 | Atlantic Richfield Company | Well testing apparatus |
US4222438A (en) * | 1978-10-30 | 1980-09-16 | Standard Oil Company (Indiana) | Reservoir fluid sampling method and apparatus |
FR2544013A1 (en) * | 1983-04-07 | 1984-10-12 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PERFORMING MEASUREMENTS OR / AND INTERVENTIONS IN A WELL |
FR2637939A1 (en) * | 1988-10-14 | 1990-04-20 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Method and device for logging in a non-eruptive oil-production well |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2663076B1 (en) | 1992-10-02 |
DK0461963T3 (en) | 1994-06-06 |
CA2044330C (en) | 2002-05-14 |
NO178943B (en) | 1996-03-25 |
US5207096A (en) | 1993-05-04 |
NO912219D0 (en) | 1991-06-10 |
FR2663076A1 (en) | 1991-12-13 |
NO178943C (en) | 1996-07-03 |
EP0461963B1 (en) | 1994-02-16 |
CA2044330A1 (en) | 1991-12-12 |
NO912219L (en) | 1991-12-12 |
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