EP0461137B1 - Light deflecting system for lighting an indoor area - Google Patents

Light deflecting system for lighting an indoor area Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0461137B1
EP0461137B1 EP90903589A EP90903589A EP0461137B1 EP 0461137 B1 EP0461137 B1 EP 0461137B1 EP 90903589 A EP90903589 A EP 90903589A EP 90903589 A EP90903589 A EP 90903589A EP 0461137 B1 EP0461137 B1 EP 0461137B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
light
deflecting system
light source
artificial
reflector
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EP90903589A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0461137A1 (en
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Helmut KÖSTER
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority claimed from DE19893906229 external-priority patent/DE3906229A1/en
Priority claimed from DE19893916688 external-priority patent/DE3916688A1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S11/00—Non-electric lighting devices or systems using daylight
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S19/00—Lighting devices or systems employing combinations of electric and non-electric light sources; Replacing or exchanging electric light sources with non-electric light sources or vice versa
    • F21S19/005—Combining sunlight and electric light sources for indoor illumination
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B9/00—Screening or protective devices for wall or similar openings, with or without operating or securing mechanisms; Closures of similar construction
    • E06B9/24—Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshine; Similar screens for privacy or appearance; Slat blinds
    • E06B2009/2417—Light path control; means to control reflection

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a light control system according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • passive light control systems In the course of the increased use of solar energy to deal with energy problems, passive light control systems have become increasingly important. With such passive systems, for. B. controlled the sunlight so that it is let through in winter and reflected in summer. As a result, active heating elements in winter and active cooling elements in summer can be dispensed with or at least greatly reduced.
  • a transparent protective roof made of prism glass is arranged above the shop window, which is opposed by an inclined mirror (DE-B-517 827).
  • the light falling through the canopy is directed to the exhibits in the shop window.
  • the mirror reflects both artificial and natural light, the entire lighting device is very complex because it requires a bulky canopy.
  • a method for light distribution in a closed room with at least one window facade as a space limitation in which the window of the window facade is divided horizontally into two unequal parts, namely into a translucent upper window and into a transparent viewing window (DE-A-37 29 553).
  • the light is directed through the upper window approximately horizontally or slightly directed against a reflective ceiling surface, while the light flowing in through the viewing window is deflected upward behind the reflective ceiling surface.
  • the disadvantage of this known method is the division into two window parts, because this division requires horizontally aligned and projecting beams and slats.
  • a light collector is provided on the outside of the building in front of the light channel and a band-shaped light distribution device adjoining the light channel for distributing and guiding the daylight into the interior of the room.
  • This light distribution device can additionally be provided with an artificial light strip.
  • a disadvantage of this device is that the space is reduced by the suspended ceiling and an externally projecting light collector is required.
  • the same disadvantage also applies to another known device for illuminating interior spaces, in which a transparent ceiling is suspended under the building ceiling (DE-A-35 23 523).
  • Another known method for controlling the radiation energy in the entire spectral range in rooms is intended to create the most advantageous conditions in terms of light, heat and sound in the entire room without using external energy (EP-B-0 020 296).
  • both rays generated in the room as well as rays radiated through the window and deflected in the direction of the ceiling by reflectors in the area of the ceiling are formed by pyramids with a triangular base and with alternately raised and recessed tips Reflectors mainly deflected backwards into the depth of the room and sideways into the room width.
  • the disadvantage here is that the ceiling must be hidden with prism-like structures.
  • optical means are used which are suitable for directing incident light from the zenith towards the workstation by deflection (CH-A-194 867).
  • These optical means consist of two reflectors arranged one above the other, the lower one catching the zenith light and deflecting it towards the upper reflector, which throws it into the work area at the required angle.
  • This device is not suitable for directing artificial light that is generated in the room itself.
  • a device for generating indirect light which has U-shaped reflector elements in which fluorescent tubes are arranged (US-A-4 388 675).
  • this device cannot be used instead of a conventional window pane.
  • a device for increasing the lighting with natural light in which a series of fully or partially reflecting blinds or slats are arranged in such a way that they reflect the natural light downwards from their underside (DE-A-34 21 063 ).
  • this device is not suitable for reflecting artificial light into a room in a predetermined manner.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a light control device that directs both daylight and artificial light simultaneously so that there is always indirect lighting.
  • the advantage achieved by the invention is in particular that even and indirect illumination of a room is possible both during the day and in the evening and at night without having to use bulky light deflection systems.
  • FIG. 1 shows a section through an interior 1 with a ceiling 2, two first side walls 3, 4 and two second side walls, of which only one side wall 5 is visible, and with a floor 6.
  • a light-guiding system 7 according to the invention which has a plurality of reflectors 8 to 13 which are arranged parallel to one another and one above the other and within double glazing with the two panes 14, 15.
  • an artificial lighting 16 which has a curved reflector 17 and a linear light source, for. B. contains a fluorescent lamp 18.
  • the reflector 17 is white or reflective on its top. For example, it is made of aluminum with a shiny metallic surface or a comparable material.
  • the light from the fluorescent lamp 18 reaches reflector surfaces 19 to 23 of the reflectors 8 to 13 on the room side and is reflected back from there into the room 1, which is indicated by the light beams 24, 25, 26.
  • the light 28 coming from the sun 27 is also deflected by the light directing system 7, depending on the angle of incidence either to the ceiling 2 or back out again.
  • the function of the light control system 7 is thus, for. B. to shade a window workplace and the light - regardless of whether artificial or daylight - to the ceiling 2 or in the depth of the room. Due to the double function of the light control system 7, constant lighting can also be easily produced. For this purpose, only the artificial light source 18 needs to be controlled depending on the outside brightness. As daylight becomes stronger or weaker, artificial light can become weaker or stronger. Instead of regulating a single tube, which is simple with filament tubes but difficult with fluorescent lamps, several tubes can also be switched on in stages. Regardless of the daylight intensity, a daylight state can thus be obtained without having to immediately switch to a night situation that uses more energy than is actually required for daytime illumination. The daylight-dependent control can be done manually. However, it makes sense to regulate via a photocell 29, which, for. B. is arranged in the interior at the deepest point.
  • An essential feature of the invention is the close spatial-optical relationship between the artificial light 16 and the window zone with the light control system 7.
  • window surfaces viewed from the interior, are regarded as black surfaces, ie they are practically ineffective as reflectors, because that light striking it is lost to the outside.
  • the window surface is illuminated from below with artificial light. The illumination takes place at the smallest possible angle so that no artificial light penetrates the outside.
  • FIG. 2 shows a vertical section through a roof space 30, of which three walls 31, 32, 33 and a light guiding system 34 can be seen as a sloping roof.
  • the light directing system 34 is in turn installed between two panes 35, 36 and contains a plurality of reflectors 37 to 51 which are designed as reflector profiles with at least one outwardly directed reflector surface 52 and one inwardly directed reflector surface 53.
  • Artificial lighting 54 which consists of a lamp 55 and a reflector 56 in the manner of a reflection screen, is arranged below the light control system 34 at a distance of at most one meter. The artificial light 54 shines again from below or obliquely on the light control system 34. If the artificial light 54 in the interior in the dashed position 54 ', 55', 56 'shifted, the beneficial effect would no longer exist because the artificial light through the light control system 34 would penetrate to the outside and be lost, which is indicated by the light beam 257.
  • FIG. 3 shows a section through an interior space 57 in which a light control system 58 is constructed in such a way that it is transparent to the high sky radiation 59, 60.
  • the artificial lighting 61 is installed at the top, i. H. the artificial light is radiated obliquely from above onto the light-guiding system 58 and from there reflected into the interior 57, which is indicated by the light rays 62 to 64.
  • the oblique action of the light control system 58 thus takes place from a direction from which the sky or the outside space are not visible.
  • the light control systems always consist of individual reflective profiles. These are completely or partially mirrored, depending on whether there is diffuse light scattering or exact light control. So z. B. the reflector parts acted upon directly by the sun 27 usefully form reflecting in order to be able to exercise precise control over the passage of light, while the reflector parts 53 acted upon by artificial light z. B. can be white reflective, whereby a diffuse light distribution to the interior is achieved.
  • prisms could also be provided in the light directing system, but at least the prism side exposed to the artificial light must be designed to be reflective. Prism rods or prism plates could preferably serve as prisms.
  • a prismatic plate consists of a translucent plate that has prismatic shapes on at least one side.
  • FIG. 4 shows the cross section through a light guiding system 65 in the air space of an insulating glazing with two panes 66, 67.
  • This light guiding system 65 again consists of several reflectors 68 to 78, which essentially consist of three reflector parts 79, 80, 81.
  • the reflector part 79 is parabolically curved and extends from the inner wall of the glass pane 66 to the inner wall of the glass pane 67.
  • the reflector part 80 adjoins one end of the reflector part 79 and is approximately half the size of the reflector part 79. It runs in an angle of approximately 25 degrees downwards and is connected at its end to the third reflector part 81, which is perpendicular to the reflector part 79.
  • a fluorescent tube 82 which is flanked on both sides by a reflector 83, 84, which is designed in the same way as the reflectors 68 to 78 and approximately at the same height there are two further reflectors 85, 86, which are constructed in the same way.
  • the lamp 82 is an arbitrary emitter such.
  • the spotlight can consist of a large number of individual light sources or, in the case of a neon tube, also of an elongated spotlight. It would also be conceivable to arrange several light sources side by side or one above the other.
  • the reflectors 83 to 86 have at least one reflective surface 87 to 90 which is in optical connection with the lamp 82.
  • the reflecting surfaces 87 to 90 are positioned such that the light of the lamp 82 striking them is either reflected or reflected on the light directing system 65 and / or on a ceiling 91.
  • the reflectors 83 to 86 have a profile shape and also serve to direct the light of certain rays 92 through the reflector system 65 onto the floor level.
  • the reflector parts 79 of the light directing system 65 are mirrors which do not reflect low incident solar radiation 93 into the interior and high incident solar radiation 94 into the interior.
  • the reflector parts 80 are also mirrored, but aligned with the interior, so that they reflect the rays 95 to 100 coming from the lamp 82 back into the interior.
  • the reflected rays 101 to 103, 92, 104 can strike the ceiling or the floor level in the interior, for example.
  • the reflectors 68 to 78 of the light directing system 65 are all shown identically in terms of their shape and orientation in FIG. 4. However, it would also be quite conceivable to shape the reflectors differently and / or to orient them differently in order to achieve further lighting effects.
  • the light radiation 105 penetrating through the light control system 65 is collected by a reflector 85 of the artificial light illumination 106 and redirected to the light control system 65 or to the ceiling 91.
  • the advantage of this construction is that the light radiation does not penetrate to the work place and therefore can not cause annoying glare effects.
  • the optical coupling of the light directing system 65 with the reflectors 83 to 86 of the artificial light illumination 106 allows the reflectors 68 to 78 of the light directing system to be arranged at a greater distance from one another in order to have a better view outside, but without having to accept undesired glare effects.
  • the reflectors 83 to 86 of the artificial lighting 106 thus become part of the light control system 65. It is therefore also important that the reflectors 83 to 86 may be extended beyond the lamp 82 and lie in front of the light control system 65 as a band for this dual function to be able to perceive.
  • FIG. 5 A device according to the invention is shown in FIG. 5, in which a light directing system 107 serves as a skylight window zone.
  • the light directing system 107 in turn has a row of reflectors 108 to 112, which are located between two glass panes 113, 114.
  • the entire system 107 is fitted into a window frame 115, 116 which abuts a stop 117.
  • An artificial light source 218 is flanged to the frame 116 and consists of a reflector 119 and a lamp 120.
  • a conventional insulating glazing 121 is provided below the stop 117.
  • the design of the reflector 119 which is part of the light 123, 124 of the lamp 120 directs the light control system 107.
  • the artificial light is therefore deliberately radiated into the daylight entry opening - a process that is usually avoided as far as possible.
  • Another part 125, 126 of the light is radiated directly into the interior towards the ceiling 118.
  • the artificial light source 218 is shown in more detail with a window frame 129.
  • a window casement 130 with conventional insulating glazing 131 abuts the window frame 129 on the underside and a window casement 132 which supports the light control system 107 on the upper side.
  • the artificial light source 218 is flanged onto a projection 133 of the window frame 129 by means of a box 134.
  • the reflector 119 of the artificial light source 218 is placed around the lamp 120 as an involute / involute 135 and then extends to a point 136. From this point 136 on, the first reflector section 137 is extended by a second reflector section 138, which has just been constructed. Depending on the requirement, this section 138 could also be circular or parabolic.
  • the first section as an involute or involute, the light 139, 140 of the lamp 120 is radiated to the window, while the floor level is shaded.
  • the embodiment of FIG. 6 makes the advantage of the reflection system according to the invention clear.
  • the artificial light source 218 can be made so flat that it can be screwed onto the projection 133, so that it is possible to open and close the upper and / or lower window sash 132, 130.
  • the height of the box 134 is less than 5.5 cm, d. H. the artificial light source 218 can be screwed onto any conventional frame bar construction.
  • a portion 142, 143, 144 of the light is radiated directly into the room by the reflector 119.
  • FIG. 7 shows a further embodiment of an artificial light source 145.
  • a twin tube 146, 147 is surrounded by a reflector section 148, which extends from the twin tube 146, 147 to a point 149.
  • This reflector section 148 is not constructed as an involute or involute, but nevertheless has an involute or involute-like shape.
  • a second reflector section 150 which extends from point 149 to end point 151, is parabolic.
  • the reflector elements are used mathematically as an involute, i.e. H. a projective representation of a cluster of points, lines, planes or hyperplanes in itself, or as an involute, d. H. as a flat curve that can be obtained by constructing the tangents in all points of a given curve and removing the length of the arc on them from the point of contact to a certain fixed point on the curve.
  • the light control system according to the invention is not limited to special dimensions. However, if it is used for normal living or office space, its dimensions are determined by the usual room size. In this case it is advantageous to arrange the artificial light source at a distance of less than 0.5 m from the window area (FIG. 1) or less than 1 m in the roof area (FIG. 2, FIG. 3).
  • the light-reflecting elements are always shown as rigidly arranged profiles which form a solid structural unit with two glass panes.
  • this embodiment is particularly advantageous - cf. for example the production of such profiles according to German patent application P 40 01 471.1 - the invention is nevertheless not restricted to this.
  • controllable slats are also detected, the relative angular position of which, for. B. can be changed by cable or the like. It is only essential here that the slats can be brought into such an angular position that they reflect the illuminating artificial light into the room without simultaneously blocking the daylight.
  • the light-reflecting elements are arranged in a vertical axis which runs parallel to two flat glass panes. Rather, it would also be possible to have the axis of the light-reflecting elements run obliquely to the flat glass panes.
  • the individual elements would be arranged one above the other like a roof tile, but in contrast to the conventional roof tiles an intermediate space between the elements would be provided, which the Allow natural outside light to pass through.
  • the lateral offset in a parallel plane would result in a section projecting beyond the element arranged below. This section could radiate artificial light shining vertically from bottom to top into the interior, ie it would be possible to install the artificial light source itself in the space formed by the two glass panes.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
  • Arrangements Of Lighting Devices For Vehicle Interiors, Mounting And Supporting Thereof, Circuits Therefore (AREA)
  • Lighting Device Outwards From Vehicle And Optical Signal (AREA)

Abstract

PCT No. PCT/DE90/00131 Sec. 371 Date Aug. 20, 1991 Sec. 102(e) Date Aug. 20, 1991 PCT Filed Feb. 27, 1990 PCT Pub. No. WO90/10176 PCT Pub. Date Sep. 7, 1990.A light guidance system for the illumination of an interior area with a light deflection device which reflects daylight coming from outside of the interior area as well as artificial light coming from inside of the interior area. The light deflection device comprises several elements disposed parallel to one another and spaced apart from one another such that light from outside of the interior area can penetrate through the space into the interior area, and each of said several elements has at least one reflector surface and is impervious to light.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Lichtlenksystem nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a light control system according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

Im Zuge des erhöhten Einsatzes der Sonnenenergie für die Bewältigung der Energieprobleme haben passive Lichtlenksysteme immer mehr an Bedeutung gewonnen. Mit derartigen passiven Systemen wird z. B. das Sonnenlicht derart gesteuert, daß es im Winter durchgelassen und im Sommer reflektiert wird. Hierdurch können im Winter aktive Heizelemente und im Sommer aktive Kühlelemente entfallen oder doch stark reduziert werden.In the course of the increased use of solar energy to deal with energy problems, passive light control systems have become increasingly important. With such passive systems, for. B. controlled the sunlight so that it is let through in winter and reflected in summer. As a result, active heating elements in winter and active cooling elements in summer can be dispensed with or at least greatly reduced.

Bei einer bekannten Vorrichtung zur automatischen Steuerung des Lichteinfalls mit lichtundurchlässigen Wandteilen, die parallel übereinander und im Abstand voneinander angeordnet sind, wird der Energiedurchgang in der jahreszeitlichen Übergangsperiode bzw. das Abschattungsverhalten genau bestimmt (EP-C-0 029 442). Diese Vorrichtung ist jedcoh nur für die Regulierung von Tageslicht bestimmt.In a known device for automatically controlling the incidence of light with opaque wall parts which are arranged in parallel one above the other and at a distance from one another, the energy passage in the seasonal transition period or the shading behavior is precisely determined (EP-C-0 029 442). However, this device is only intended for the regulation of daylight.

Es ist indessen auch eine Einrichtung zur Raumbeleuchtung mit Tages- und künstlichem Licht bekannt, bei welcher ein erster Reflektor Tageslicht und ein zweiter Reflektor Kunstlicht an die Decke eines Raums werfen, so daß sich in beiden Fällen eine indirekte Beleuchtung ergibt (DE-B-631 798). Nachteilig ist hierbei, daß der erste Reflektor wie eine verlängerte Fensterbank nach außen ragt, während der zweite Reflektor nach Art eines nach oben reflektierenden Lampenschirms an einer Decke befestigt ist.However, there is also known a device for illuminating rooms with daylight and artificial light, in which a first reflector casts daylight and a second reflector cast artificial light onto the ceiling of a room, so that indirect lighting results in both cases (DE-B-631 798). The disadvantage here is that the first reflector projects outward like an elongated window sill, while the second reflector is attached to a ceiling in the manner of a lampshade reflecting upward.

Bei einer anderen Schaufensterbeleuchtungseinrichtung ist oberhalb des Schaufensters ein durchsichtiges Schutzdach aus Prismenglas angeordnet, dem ein schräggestellter Spiegel gegenüberliegt (DE-B-517 827). Das durch das Schutzdach fallende Licht wird dabei auf die Ausstellungsstücke im Schaufenster gelenkt. An der Decke des Schaufensterraums befindet sich außerdem eine Lampe, deren Licht direkt und über den Spiegel auf die Ausstellungsstücke fällt. Obwohl der Spiegel sowohl künstliches als auch natürliches Licht reflektiert, ist die ganze Beleuchtungseinrichtung sehr aufwendig, weil sie ein unförmiges Schutzdach benötigt.In another shop window lighting device, a transparent protective roof made of prism glass is arranged above the shop window, which is opposed by an inclined mirror (DE-B-517 827). The light falling through the canopy is directed to the exhibits in the shop window. There is also a lamp on the ceiling of the shop window, the light of which falls directly on the exhibits via the mirror. Although the mirror reflects both artificial and natural light, the entire lighting device is very complex because it requires a bulky canopy.

Weiterhin ist ein Verfahren zur Lichtverteilung in einem geschlossenen Raum mit mindestens einer Fensterfassade als Raumbegrenzung bekannt, bei dem das Fenster der Fensterfassade horizontal in zwei ungleiche Teile, und zwar in ein durchscheinendes Oberfenster und in ein durchsichtiges Aussichtsfenster geteilt ist (DE-A-37 29 553). Hierbei wird das Licht durch das Oberfenster annähernd horizontal oder leicht gegen eine Reflektionsdeckenfläche gerichtet geführt, während das durch das Aussichtsfenster einströmende Licht hinter diesem Fenster eine Ablenkung nach oben gegen die Reflektionsdeckenfläche erfährt. Nachteilig ist bei diesem bekannten Verfahren die Aufteilung in zwei Fensterteile, weil diese Aufteilung horizontal ausgerichtete und überkragende Balken und Lamellen erfordert.Furthermore, a method for light distribution in a closed room with at least one window facade as a space limitation is known, in which the window of the window facade is divided horizontally into two unequal parts, namely into a translucent upper window and into a transparent viewing window (DE-A-37 29 553). Here, the light is directed through the upper window approximately horizontally or slightly directed against a reflective ceiling surface, while the light flowing in through the viewing window is deflected upward behind the reflective ceiling surface. The disadvantage of this known method is the division into two window parts, because this division requires horizontally aligned and projecting beams and slats.

Ebenfalls bekannt ist eine Vorrichtung zur Beleuchtung von Innenräumen mit natürlichem Tageslicht, die einen Lichtkanal zwischen einer Gebäudedecke und einer abgehängten Decke aufweist (DE-A-35 45 419). Hierbei sind ein Lichtkollektor an der Gebäudeaußenseite vor dem Lichtkanal und eine sich an den Lichtkanal anschließende bandförmige Lichtverteilungseinrichtung zum Verteilen und Leiten des Tageslichts in das Rauminnere vorgesehen. Diese Lichtverteilungseinrichtung kann zusätzlich mit einem Kunstlichtband versehen sein. Nachteilig ist bei dieser Vorrichtung, daß der Raum durch die abgehängte Decke verkleinert wird und ein außen vorstehender Lichtkollektor erforderlich ist. Derselbe Nachteil trifft auch auf eine andere bekannte Vorrichtung zur Beleuchtung von Innenraum zu, bei der eine transparente Decke unter der Gebäudedecke untergehängt ist (DE-A-35 23 523).Also known is a device for illuminating interiors with natural daylight, which has a light channel between a building ceiling and a suspended ceiling (DE-A-35 45 419). Here, a light collector is provided on the outside of the building in front of the light channel and a band-shaped light distribution device adjoining the light channel for distributing and guiding the daylight into the interior of the room. This light distribution device can additionally be provided with an artificial light strip. A disadvantage of this device is that the space is reduced by the suspended ceiling and an externally projecting light collector is required. The same disadvantage also applies to another known device for illuminating interior spaces, in which a transparent ceiling is suspended under the building ceiling (DE-A-35 23 523).

Mit einem weiteren bekannten Verfahren zur Steuerung der Strahlungsenergie im gesamten spektralen Bereich in Räumen sollen ohne Einsatz von Fremdenergie im gesamten Raum möglichst vorteilhafte Bedingungen bezüglich Licht, Wärme und Schall geschaffen werden (EP-B-0 020 296). Um dieses Ziel zu erreichen, werden sowohl einerseits im Raum selbst erzeugte Strahlen als auch andererseits durch das Fenster eingestrahlte, durch Reflektoren in Richtung der Raumdecke umgelenkte Strahlen im Bereich der Raumdecke durch als Pyramiden mit dreieckiger Basis und mit abwechselnd als nebeneinander erhabene und vertiefte Spitzen ausgebildete Reflektoren vorwiegend nach hinten in die Tiefe des Raumes und seitwärts in die Raumbreite umgelenkt. Nachteilig ist hierbei, daß die Raumdecke mit prismaähnlichen Gebilden ausgeblendet werden muß.Another known method for controlling the radiation energy in the entire spectral range in rooms is intended to create the most advantageous conditions in terms of light, heat and sound in the entire room without using external energy (EP-B-0 020 296). In order to achieve this goal, both rays generated in the room as well as rays radiated through the window and deflected in the direction of the ceiling by reflectors in the area of the ceiling are formed by pyramids with a triangular base and with alternately raised and recessed tips Reflectors mainly deflected backwards into the depth of the room and sideways into the room width. The disadvantage here is that the ceiling must be hidden with prism-like structures.

Bei einer anderen bekannten Einrichtung zum Erhellen schlecht beleuchteter Arbeitsstellen in Räumen durch Zenitlicht werden optische Mittel eingesetzt, die geeignet sind, vom Zenit einfallendes Licht durch Ablenkung nach der Arbeitsstelle hin zu richten (CH-A-194 867). Diese optischen Mittel bestehen aus zwei übereinander angeordneten Reflektoren, wobei der untere das Zenitlicht auffängt und nach dem oberen Reflektor ablenkt, welcher es unter dem benötigten Winkel in den Arbeitsraum wirft. Für die Lenkung von Kunstlicht, das im Raum selbst erzeugt wird, ist diese Einrichtung nicht geeignet.In another known device for illuminating poorly lit workplaces in rooms by means of zenith light, optical means are used which are suitable for directing incident light from the zenith towards the workstation by deflection (CH-A-194 867). These optical means consist of two reflectors arranged one above the other, the lower one catching the zenith light and deflecting it towards the upper reflector, which throws it into the work area at the required angle. This device is not suitable for directing artificial light that is generated in the room itself.

Weiterhin ist eine Vorrichtung für die Erzeugung von indirektem Licht bekannt, die U-förmige Reflektorelemente aufweist, in denen Leuchtstoffröhren angeordnet sind (US-A-4 388 675). Diese Vorrichtung kann jedoch nicht anstelle einer herkömmlichen Fensterscheibe eingesetzt werden.Furthermore, a device for generating indirect light is known which has U-shaped reflector elements in which fluorescent tubes are arranged (US-A-4 388 675). However, this device cannot be used instead of a conventional window pane.

Schließlich ist auch noch eine Vorrichtung zur Steigerung der Beleuchtung mit natürlichem Licht bekannt, bei der eine Reihe vollständig oder zum Teil reflektierender Jalousien oder Lamellen derart angeordnet sind, daß sie das natürliche Licht nach unten von ihrer Unterseite reflektieren (DE-A-34 21 063). Diese Vorrichtung ist indessen nicht geeignet, künstliches Licht auf vorbestimmte Weise in einen Raum zu reflektieren.Finally, a device for increasing the lighting with natural light is also known, in which a series of fully or partially reflecting blinds or slats are arranged in such a way that they reflect the natural light downwards from their underside (DE-A-34 21 063 ). However, this device is not suitable for reflecting artificial light into a room in a predetermined manner.

Ausgehend von der DE-B-517 827 liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Lichtlenkvorrichtung zu schaffen, welche sowohl Tages- als auch Kunstlicht gleichzeitig derart lenkt, daß sich stets eine indirekte Beleuchtung ergibt.Starting from DE-B-517 827, the invention has for its object to provide a light control device that directs both daylight and artificial light simultaneously so that there is always indirect lighting.

Diese Aufgabe wird gemäß den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst.This object is achieved in accordance with the features of patent claim 1.

Der mit der Erfindung erzielte Vorteil besteht insbesondere darin, daß sowohl tagsüber als auch abends und nachts eine gleichmäßige und indirekte Ausleuchtung eines Raums möglich ist, ohne sperrige Lichtumlenksysteme einsetzen zu müssen.The advantage achieved by the invention is in particular that even and indirect illumination of a room is possible both during the day and in the evening and at night without having to use bulky light deflection systems.

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in der Zeichnung dargestellt und werden im folgenden näher beschrieben. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine perspektivische Darstellung eines Innenraums, der im oberen Bereich einer Fensterwand eine erfindungsgemäße Lichtlenkvorrichtung aufweist;
Fig. 2
einen Schnitt durch einen Dachraum mit einem leicht geneigten Glasdach, welches eine erfindungsgemäße Lichtumlenkvorrichtung aufweist;
Fig. 3
einen Schnitt durch einen Dachraum mit einem steil geneigten Glasdach, welches eine erfindungsgemäße Lichtumlenkvorrichtung aufweist;
Fig. 4
einen Schnitt durch eine erfindungsgemäße Lichtumlenkvorrichtung mit mehreren Reflektorprofilen für die Umlenkung von Kunstlicht;
Fig. 5
einen Schnitt durch eine erfindungsgemäße Lichtumlenkvorrichtung mit einem speziellen Reflektor für die Kunstlichtquelle;
Fig. 6
einen Schnitt durch eine Fensterrahmen-Flügelkonstruktion mit einer Kunstlichtquelle;
Fig. 7
einen Querschnitt durch eine Kunstlichtquelle mit zwei Leuchtstoffröhren.
Embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawing and are described in more detail below. Show it:
Fig. 1
a perspective view of an interior, which has a light directing device according to the invention in the upper region of a window wall;
Fig. 2
a section through a roof space with a slightly sloping glass roof, which has a light deflection device according to the invention;
Fig. 3
a section through a roof space with a steeply sloping glass roof, which has a light deflection device according to the invention;
Fig. 4
a section through a light deflection device according to the invention with a plurality of reflector profiles for the deflection of artificial light;
Fig. 5
a section through a light deflecting device according to the invention with a special reflector for the artificial light source;
Fig. 6
a section through a window frame wing construction with an artificial light source;
Fig. 7
a cross section through an artificial light source with two fluorescent tubes.

In der Fig. 1 ist ein Schnitt durch einen Innenraum 1 mit einer Decke 2, zwei ersten Seitenwänden 3, 4 und zwei zweiten Seitenwänden, von denen nur die eine Seitenwand 5 sichtbar ist, sowie mit einem Fußboden 6 dargestellt. Im oberen Bereich der Seitenwand 4 befindet sich ein erfindungsgemäßes Lichtlenksystem 7, das mehrere Reflektoren 8 bis 13 aufweist, die parallel zueinander und übereinander und innerhalb einer Doppelverglasung mit den beiden Scheiben 14, 15 angeordnet sind. Im Bereich des unteren Reflektors 8 und in einem Abstand von weniger als 70 cm befindet sich eine Kunstlichtbeleuchtung 16, die einen gekrümmten Reflektor 17 und eine linienförmige Lichtquelle, z. B. eine Leuchtstofflampe 18, enthält.1 shows a section through an interior 1 with a ceiling 2, two first side walls 3, 4 and two second side walls, of which only one side wall 5 is visible, and with a floor 6. In the upper region of the side wall 4 there is a light-guiding system 7 according to the invention which has a plurality of reflectors 8 to 13 which are arranged parallel to one another and one above the other and within double glazing with the two panes 14, 15. In the area of the lower reflector 8 and at a distance of less than 70 cm there is an artificial lighting 16, which has a curved reflector 17 and a linear light source, for. B. contains a fluorescent lamp 18.

Der Reflektor 17 ist auf seiner Oberseite weiß oder spiegelnd. Beispielsweise besteht er aus Aluminium mit einer metallisch glänzenden Oberfläche oder einem vergleichbaren Material. Das Licht der Leuchtstofflampe 18 gelangt auf raumseitige Reflektorflächen 19 bis 23 der Reflektoren 8 bis 13 und wird von dort in den Raum 1 zurückreflektiert, was durch die Lichtstrahlen 24, 25, 26 angedeutet ist. Das von der Sonne 27 kommende Licht 28 wird ebenfalls von dem Lichtlenksystem 7 umgelenkt, und zwar in Abhängigkeit vom Einfallwinkel entweder an die Decke 2 oder wieder nach außen.The reflector 17 is white or reflective on its top. For example, it is made of aluminum with a shiny metallic surface or a comparable material. The light from the fluorescent lamp 18 reaches reflector surfaces 19 to 23 of the reflectors 8 to 13 on the room side and is reflected back from there into the room 1, which is indicated by the light beams 24, 25, 26. The light 28 coming from the sun 27 is also deflected by the light directing system 7, depending on the angle of incidence either to the ceiling 2 or back out again.

Die Funktion des Lichtlenksystems 7 besteht somit darin, z. B. einen Fensterarbeitsplatz zu verschatten und das Licht - gleichgültig ob Kunst- oder Tageslicht - an die Decke 2 bzw. in die Tiefe des Raums zu führen. Aufgrund der Doppelfunktion des Lichtlenksystems 7 läßt sich auch leicht eine konstante Beleuchtung herstellen. Hierzu braucht lediglich die Kunstlichtquelle 18 in Abhängigkeit von der Außenhelligkeit gesteuert werden. In dem Maße wie das Tageslicht stärker oder schwächer wird, kann das Kunstlicht schächer oder stärker werden. Statt einer Regelung einer Einzelröhre, die bei Glühdrahtröhren einfach, bei Leuchtstofflampen aber schwierig ist, können auch mehrere Röhre stufenweise zugeschaltet werden. Unabhängig von der Tageslichtintensität kann damit ein Tageslichtzustand erhalten werden, ohne daß sofort auf eine Nachtsituation umgeschaltet werden muß, die mehr Energie verbraucht, als für eine Ausleuchtung tagsüber tatsächlich erforderlich ist. Die tageslichtabhängige Regelung kann von Hand erfolgen. Sinnvoll ist jedoch eine Regelung über eine Photozelle 29, die z. B. im Innenraum am raumtiefsten Punkt angeordnet ist.The function of the light control system 7 is thus, for. B. to shade a window workplace and the light - regardless of whether artificial or daylight - to the ceiling 2 or in the depth of the room. Due to the double function of the light control system 7, constant lighting can also be easily produced. For this purpose, only the artificial light source 18 needs to be controlled depending on the outside brightness. As daylight becomes stronger or weaker, artificial light can become weaker or stronger. Instead of regulating a single tube, which is simple with filament tubes but difficult with fluorescent lamps, several tubes can also be switched on in stages. Regardless of the daylight intensity, a daylight state can thus be obtained without having to immediately switch to a night situation that uses more energy than is actually required for daytime illumination. The daylight-dependent control can be done manually. However, it makes sense to regulate via a photocell 29, which, for. B. is arranged in the interior at the deepest point.

Ein wesentliches Merkmal der Erfindung besteht in dem engen räumlich-optischen Zusammenhang zwischen der Kunstlichtbeleuchtung 16 und der Fensterzone mit dem Lichtlenksystem 7. Im allgemeinen werden Fensterflächen, vom Innenraum aus betrachtet, als schwarze Flächen angesehen, d. h. sie sind als Reflektoren praktisch unwirksam, weil das auf sie treffende Licht nach außen verlorengeht. Bei der Erfindung wird jedoch gerade die Fensterfläche von unten mit Kunstlicht angestrahlt. Die Anstrahlung erfolgt dabei unter einem möglichst kleinen Winkel, damit kein Kunstlicht nach außen dringt.An essential feature of the invention is the close spatial-optical relationship between the artificial light 16 and the window zone with the light control system 7. In general, window surfaces, viewed from the interior, are regarded as black surfaces, ie they are practically ineffective as reflectors, because that light striking it is lost to the outside. In the invention, however, the window surface is illuminated from below with artificial light. The illumination takes place at the smallest possible angle so that no artificial light penetrates the outside.

Die Fig. 2 stellt einen Vertikalschnitt durch einen Dachraum 30 dar, von dem drei Wände 31, 32, 33 und als Dachschräge ein Lichtlenksystem 34 zu erkennen sind. Das Lichtlenksystem 34 ist wiederum zwischen zwei Scheiben 35, 36 eingebaut und enthält mehrere Reflektoren 37 bis 51, die als Reflektorprofile mit wenigstens einer nach außen gerichteten Reflektorfläche 52 und einer nach innen gerichteten Reflektorfläche 53 ausgebildet sind. Unterhalb des Lichtlenksystems 34 ist in einem Abstand von maximal einem Meter eine Kunstlichtbeleuchtung 54 angeordnet, die aus einer Lampe 55 und einem Reflektor 56 nach Art eines Reflexionsschirms besteht. Die Kunstlichtbeleuchtung 54 strahlt wieder von unten bzw. schräg auf das Lichtlenksystem 34. Würde die Kunstlichtbeleuchtung 54 in den Innenraum in die gestrichelte Position 54′, 55′, 56′ verschoben, wäre die vorteilhafte Wirkung nicht mehr gegeben, weil das Kunstlicht durch das Lichtlenksystem 34 nach außen dringen und verlorengehen würde, was durch den Lichtstrahl 257 angedeutet ist.2 shows a vertical section through a roof space 30, of which three walls 31, 32, 33 and a light guiding system 34 can be seen as a sloping roof. The light directing system 34 is in turn installed between two panes 35, 36 and contains a plurality of reflectors 37 to 51 which are designed as reflector profiles with at least one outwardly directed reflector surface 52 and one inwardly directed reflector surface 53. Artificial lighting 54, which consists of a lamp 55 and a reflector 56 in the manner of a reflection screen, is arranged below the light control system 34 at a distance of at most one meter. The artificial light 54 shines again from below or obliquely on the light control system 34. If the artificial light 54 in the interior in the dashed position 54 ', 55', 56 'shifted, the beneficial effect would no longer exist because the artificial light through the light control system 34 would penetrate to the outside and be lost, which is indicated by the light beam 257.

In der Fig. 3 ist ein Schnitt durch einen Innenraum 57 dargestellt, bei dem ein Lichtlenksystem 58 so konstruiert ist, daß es für die hohe Himmelstrahlung 59, 60 durchlässig ist. In diesem Fall ist die Kunstlichtbeleuchtung 61 oben installiert, d. h. das Kunstlicht wird von oben schräg auf das Lichtlenksystem 58 gestrahlt und von dort in den Innenraum 57 reflektiert, was durch die Lichtstrahlen 62 bis 64 angedeutet ist. Die schräge Beaufschlagung des Lichtlenksystems 58 erfolgt somit aus einer Richtung, aus der der Himmel bzw. der Außenraum nicht sichtbar sind.3 shows a section through an interior space 57 in which a light control system 58 is constructed in such a way that it is transparent to the high sky radiation 59, 60. In this case, the artificial lighting 61 is installed at the top, i. H. the artificial light is radiated obliquely from above onto the light-guiding system 58 and from there reflected into the interior 57, which is indicated by the light rays 62 to 64. The oblique action of the light control system 58 thus takes place from a direction from which the sky or the outside space are not visible.

Die Lichtlenksysteme bestehen in den Figuren stets aus einzelnen reflektierenden Profilen. Diese sind vollständig oder teilweise verspiegelt, je nachdem, ob eine diffuse Lichtstreuung oder eine exakte Lichtlenkung erfolgt. So sind z. B. die durch die Sonne 27 direkt beaufschlagten Reflektorteile sinnvollerweise spiegelnd auszubilden, um eine exakte Kontrolle auf den Lichtdurchgang ausüben zu können, während die durch das Kunstlicht beaufschlagten Reflektorteile 53 z. B. weiß reflektierend ausgebildet sein können, wodurch eine diffuse Lichtverteilung zum Innenraum erreicht wird. Anstelle der Reflektoren 37 bis 51 könnten in dem Lichtlenksystem auch Prismen vorgesehen werden, wobei jedoch mindestens die durch das Kunstlicht beaufschlagte Prismenseite reflektierend ausgebildet sein muß. Als Prismen könnten vorzugsweise Prismenstäbe oder Prismenplatten dienen. Eine Prismenplatte besteht hierbei aus einer lichtdurchlässigen Platte, die mindestens auf einer Seite prismatische Ausformungen aufweist.In the figures, the light control systems always consist of individual reflective profiles. These are completely or partially mirrored, depending on whether there is diffuse light scattering or exact light control. So z. B. the reflector parts acted upon directly by the sun 27 usefully form reflecting in order to be able to exercise precise control over the passage of light, while the reflector parts 53 acted upon by artificial light z. B. can be white reflective, whereby a diffuse light distribution to the interior is achieved. Instead of the reflectors 37 to 51, prisms could also be provided in the light directing system, but at least the prism side exposed to the artificial light must be designed to be reflective. Prism rods or prism plates could preferably serve as prisms. A prismatic plate consists of a translucent plate that has prismatic shapes on at least one side.

Unter Umständen ist es nicht zu vermeiden, daß geringe Anteile des Kunstlichts nach außen entweichen, da sich der Winkel der Kunstlichtbeaufschlagung von innen mit der Distanz der einzelnen Reflektoren des Lichtlenksystems von der Kunstlichtquelle verändert. Es genügt indessen, wenn der größte Teil des Kunstlichts in den Innenraum zurückreflektiert wird.Under certain circumstances, it cannot be avoided that small portions of the artificial light escape to the outside, since the angle of the artificial light exposure changes from the inside with the distance of the individual reflectors of the light directing system from the artificial light source. However, it is sufficient if most of the artificial light is reflected back into the interior.

Die Fig. 4 zeigt den Querschnitt durch ein Lichtlenksystem 65 im Luftzwischenraum einer Isolierverglasung mit zwei Scheiben 66, 67. Dieses Lichtlenksystem 65 besteht wieder aus mehreren Reflektoren 68 bis 78, die im wesentlichen aus drei Reflektorteilen 79, 80, 81 bestehen. Das Reflektorteil 79 ist parabolisch gekrümmt und erstreckt sich von der Innenwand der Glasscheibe 66 bis zur Innenwand der Glasscheibe 67. An das eine Ende des Reflektorteils 79 schließt der Reflektorteil 80 an, der etwa nur halb so groß ist wie der Reflektorteil 79. Er verläuft in einem Winkel von ca. 25 Grad nach unten und ist mit seinem Ende mit dem dritten Reflektorteil 81 verbunden, der senkrecht auf dem Reflektorteil 79 steht.FIG. 4 shows the cross section through a light guiding system 65 in the air space of an insulating glazing with two panes 66, 67. This light guiding system 65 again consists of several reflectors 68 to 78, which essentially consist of three reflector parts 79, 80, 81. The reflector part 79 is parabolically curved and extends from the inner wall of the glass pane 66 to the inner wall of the glass pane 67. The reflector part 80 adjoins one end of the reflector part 79 and is approximately half the size of the reflector part 79. It runs in an angle of approximately 25 degrees downwards and is connected at its end to the third reflector part 81, which is perpendicular to the reflector part 79.

Etwas unterhalb des untersten Reflektors 68 und in einem Abstand von der Scheibe 67 befindet sich eine Leuchtröhre 82, die zu beiden Seiten von jeweils einem Reflektor 83, 84 flankiert wird, der ebenso ausgebildet ist wie die Reflektoren 68 bis 78. Rechts neben dem Reflektor 84 und etwa auf gleicher Höhe befinden sich zwei weitere Reflektoren 85, 86, die in gleicher Weise aufgebaut sind.Somewhat below the lowermost reflector 68 and at a distance from the pane 67 is a fluorescent tube 82, which is flanked on both sides by a reflector 83, 84, which is designed in the same way as the reflectors 68 to 78 and approximately at the same height there are two further reflectors 85, 86, which are constructed in the same way.

Die Lampe 82 ist ein beliebiger Strahler wie z. B. eine HQI-Lampe, eine Neonröhre oder auch eine Glühbirne. Der Strahler kann aus einer Vielzahl einzelner Lichtquellen oder, im Fall einer Neonröhre, auch aus einem langgestreckten Strahler bestehen. Es wäre auch denkbar, mehrere Lichtquellen neben- oder übereinander anzuordnen.The lamp 82 is an arbitrary emitter such. B. an HQI lamp, a neon tube or a light bulb. The spotlight can consist of a large number of individual light sources or, in the case of a neon tube, also of an elongated spotlight. It would also be conceivable to arrange several light sources side by side or one above the other.

Die Reflektoren 83 bis 86 weisen mindestens eine reflektierende Oberfläche 87 bis 90 auf, die in optischer Verbindung zur Lampe 82 steht. Hierbei sind die reflektierenden Oberflächen 87 bis 90 so positioniert, daß das auf sie treffende Licht der Lampe 82 entweder auf das Lichtlenksystem 65 und/oder an eine Decke 91 reflektiert oder gespiegelt wird. Die Reflektoren 83 bis 86 weisen eine Profilform auf und dienen auch der Lichtlenkung gewisser Strahlen 92 durch das Reflektorsystem 65 hindurch auf die Bodenebene.The reflectors 83 to 86 have at least one reflective surface 87 to 90 which is in optical connection with the lamp 82. Here, the reflecting surfaces 87 to 90 are positioned such that the light of the lamp 82 striking them is either reflected or reflected on the light directing system 65 and / or on a ceiling 91. The reflectors 83 to 86 have a profile shape and also serve to direct the light of certain rays 92 through the reflector system 65 onto the floor level.

Die Reflektorteile 79 des Lichtlenksystems 65 sind Spiegel, die niedrig einfallende Sonnenstrahlung 93 in den Innenraum und hoch einfallende Sonnenstrahlung 94 nicht in den Innenraum reflektieren. Die Reflektorteile 80 sind ebenfalls verspiegelt, aber zum Innenraum ausgerichtet, so daß sie die von der Lampe 82 kommenden Strahlen 95 bis 100 in den Innenraum zurückreflektieren. Die reflektierten Strahlen 101 bis 103, 92, 104 können, in Abhängigkeit von der Orientierung, der Ausformung, der Lage und der Oberfläche der Reflektoren 78 zum Beispiel an die Decke oder auf die Bodenebene im Innenraum treffen. Die Reflektoren 68 bis 78 des Lichtlenksystems 65 sind bezüglich ihrer Ausformung und Orientierung in der Fig. 4 alle identisch dargestellt. Es wäre jedoch auch durchaus denkbar, die Reflektoren unterschiedlich auszuformen und/oder auch unterschiedlich zu orientieren, um weitere lichttechnische Effekte zu erzielen.The reflector parts 79 of the light directing system 65 are mirrors which do not reflect low incident solar radiation 93 into the interior and high incident solar radiation 94 into the interior. The reflector parts 80 are also mirrored, but aligned with the interior, so that they reflect the rays 95 to 100 coming from the lamp 82 back into the interior. Depending on the orientation, shape, position and surface of the reflectors 78, the reflected rays 101 to 103, 92, 104 can strike the ceiling or the floor level in the interior, for example. The reflectors 68 to 78 of the light directing system 65 are all shown identically in terms of their shape and orientation in FIG. 4. However, it would also be quite conceivable to shape the reflectors differently and / or to orient them differently in order to achieve further lighting effects.

Die durch das Lichtlenksystem 65 dringende Lichtstrahlung 105 wird von einem Reflektor 85 der Kunstlichtbeleuchtung 106 aufgefangen und auf das Lichtlenksystem 65 oder an die Decke 91 umgeleitet. Der Vorteil dieser Konstruktion liegt darin, daß die Lichtstrahlung nicht bis auf den Arbeitsplatz durchdringt und damit auch keine störenden Blendeffekte hervorrufen kann. Die optische Kopplung des Lichtlenksystems 65 mit den Reflektoren 83 bis 86 der Kunstlichtbeleuchtung 106 erlaubt es, die Reflektoren 68 bis 78 des Lichtlenksystems mit größerer Distanz zueinander anzuordnen, um einen besseren Ausblick nach draußen zu haben, ohne jedoch unerwünschte Blendeffekte hinnehmen zu müssen. Die Reflektoren 83 bis 86 der Kunstlichtbeleuchtung 106 werden damit zu einem Teil des Lichtlenksystems 65. Es ist daher auch wichtig, daß die Reflektoren 83 bis 86 unter Umständen über die Lampe 82 hinaus verlängert werden und als Band vor dem Lichtlenksystem 65 liegen, um diese Doppelfunktion wahrnehmen zu können.The light radiation 105 penetrating through the light control system 65 is collected by a reflector 85 of the artificial light illumination 106 and redirected to the light control system 65 or to the ceiling 91. The advantage of this construction is that the light radiation does not penetrate to the work place and therefore can not cause annoying glare effects. The optical coupling of the light directing system 65 with the reflectors 83 to 86 of the artificial light illumination 106 allows the reflectors 68 to 78 of the light directing system to be arranged at a greater distance from one another in order to have a better view outside, but without having to accept undesired glare effects. The reflectors 83 to 86 of the artificial lighting 106 thus become part of the light control system 65. It is therefore also important that the reflectors 83 to 86 may be extended beyond the lamp 82 and lie in front of the light control system 65 as a band for this dual function to be able to perceive.

In der Fig. 5 ist eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung dargestellt, bei welcher ein Lichtlenksystem 107 als Oberlichtfensterzone dient. Das Lichtlenksystem 107 weist wiederum eine Reihe von Reflektoren 108 bis 112 auf, die sich zwischen zwei Glasscheiben 113, 114 befinden. Das gesamte System 107 ist in einen Fensterrahmen 115, 116 eingepaßt, der an einen Anschlag 117 stößt. Oberhalb des Rahmens 115 befindet sich eine Wohnraumdecke 118, die hier nur schematisch angedeutet ist. Am Rahmen 116 ist eine Kunstlichtquelle 218 angeflanscht, die aus einem Reflektor 119 und einer Lampe 120 besteht. Unterhalb des Anschlags 117 ist eine herkömmliche Isolierverglastung 121 vorgesehen. Wichtig ist in diesem Ausführungsbeispiel die Ausbildung des Reflektors 119, der ein Teil des Lichts 123, 124 der Lampe 120 auf das Lichtlenksystem 107 lenkt. Das Kunstlicht wird also ganz bewußt in die Tageslichteintrittsöffnung gestrahlt - ein Vorgang, der üblicherweise soweit wie möglich vermieden wird. Ein anderer Teil 125, 126 des Lichts wird direkt in den Innenraum in Richtung auf die Decke 118 gestrahlt.A device according to the invention is shown in FIG. 5, in which a light directing system 107 serves as a skylight window zone. The light directing system 107 in turn has a row of reflectors 108 to 112, which are located between two glass panes 113, 114. The entire system 107 is fitted into a window frame 115, 116 which abuts a stop 117. Above the frame 115 there is a living room ceiling 118, which is only indicated schematically here. An artificial light source 218 is flanged to the frame 116 and consists of a reflector 119 and a lamp 120. A conventional insulating glazing 121 is provided below the stop 117. What is important in this exemplary embodiment is the design of the reflector 119, which is part of the light 123, 124 of the lamp 120 directs the light control system 107. The artificial light is therefore deliberately radiated into the daylight entry opening - a process that is usually avoided as far as possible. Another part 125, 126 of the light is radiated directly into the interior towards the ceiling 118.

In der Fig. 6 ist die Kunstlichtquelle 218 mit einem Fensterrahmen 129 näher dargestellt. An dem Fensterrahmen 129 stößt auf der Unterseite ein Fensterflügel 130 mit einer herkömmlichen lsolierverglastung 131 und auf der Oberseite ein Fensterflügel 132, der das Lichtlenksytem 107 trägt. Die Kunstlichtquelle 218 ist mittels eines Kastens 134 an einem Vorsprung 133 des Fensterrahmens 129 angeflanscht. Der Reflektor 119 der Kunstlichtquelle 218 ist als Involute/Evolvente 135 um die Lampe 120 gelegt und erstreckt sich sodann bis zu einem Punkt 136. Von diesem Punkt 136 an wird das erste Reflektorteilstück 137 durch ein zweites Reflektorteilstück 138 verlängert, das eben ausgeführt ist. Dieses Teilstück 138 könnte, je nach Anforderung, auch kreisbogen- oder parabelförmig ausgebildet sein. Durch die Ausbildung des ersten Teilstücks als Involute bzw. Evolvente wird das Licht 139, 140 der Lampe 120 zum Fenster gestrahlt, während die Bodenebene verschattet wird.6, the artificial light source 218 is shown in more detail with a window frame 129. A window casement 130 with conventional insulating glazing 131 abuts the window frame 129 on the underside and a window casement 132 which supports the light control system 107 on the upper side. The artificial light source 218 is flanged onto a projection 133 of the window frame 129 by means of a box 134. The reflector 119 of the artificial light source 218 is placed around the lamp 120 as an involute / involute 135 and then extends to a point 136. From this point 136 on, the first reflector section 137 is extended by a second reflector section 138, which has just been constructed. Depending on the requirement, this section 138 could also be circular or parabolic. By designing the first section as an involute or involute, the light 139, 140 of the lamp 120 is radiated to the window, while the floor level is shaded.

In dem Kasten 134 ist auch ein Vorschaltgerät 141 für die Steuerung der Lampe 120, sofern es sich hierbei um eine Leuchtstofflampe handelt, untergebracht.A ballast 141 for controlling the lamp 120, if it is a fluorescent lamp, is also accommodated in the box 134.

Das Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 6 macht den Vorteil des erfindungsgemäßen Reflexionssystems deutlich. Die Kunstlichtquelle 218 kann so flach ausgebildet werden, daß diese auf den Vorsprung 133 geschraubt werden kann, so daß es möglich ist, den oberen und/oder unteren Fensterflügel 132, 130 zu öffnen und zu schließen. Bei den bekannten Lichtquellen, wie z. B. einer Neonröhre, ist die Höhe des Kastens 134 kleiner als 5,5 cm, d. h. die Kunstlichtquelle 218 kann auf jeder üblichen Rahmenriegelkonstruktion aufgeschraubt werden. Ein Teil 142, 143, 144 des Lichts wird von dem Reflektor 119 direkt in den Raum gestrahlt.The embodiment of FIG. 6 makes the advantage of the reflection system according to the invention clear. The artificial light source 218 can be made so flat that it can be screwed onto the projection 133, so that it is possible to open and close the upper and / or lower window sash 132, 130. In the known light sources, such as. B. a neon tube, the height of the box 134 is less than 5.5 cm, d. H. the artificial light source 218 can be screwed onto any conventional frame bar construction. A portion 142, 143, 144 of the light is radiated directly into the room by the reflector 119.

In der Fig. 7 ist eine weitere Ausführungsform einer Kunstlichtquelle 145 dargestellt. Hierbei ist eine Zwillingsröhre 146, 147 von einem Reflektorteilstück 148 umhüllt, das sich von der Zwillingsröhre 146, 147 bis zu einem Punkt 149 erstreckt. Dieses Reflektorteilstück 148 ist nicht als Involute bzw. Evolvente konstruiert, weist aber dennoch eine involuten- bzw. evolventenähnliche Form auf. Ein zweites Reflektorteilstück 150, das sich vom Punkt 149 bis zum Endpunkt 151 erstreckt, ist parabelförmig ausgebildet.7 shows a further embodiment of an artificial light source 145. Here, a twin tube 146, 147 is surrounded by a reflector section 148, which extends from the twin tube 146, 147 to a point 149. This reflector section 148 is not constructed as an involute or involute, but nevertheless has an involute or involute-like shape. A second reflector section 150, which extends from point 149 to end point 151, is parabolic.

Bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Fig. 7 kommt es lediglich darauf an, daß das Lichtlenksystem vollständig angestrahlt wird. Dabei ist es weniger entscheidend, ob man die Reflektorelemente im mathematischen Sinne exakt als Involute, d. h. eine projektive Abbildung eines Punkt-, Geraden-, Ebenen- oder Hyperebenenbüschels in sich, oder als Evolvente, d. h. als ebene Kurve, die man erhält, wenn man in sämtlichen Punkten einer gegebenen Kurve die Tangenten konstruiert und auf ihnen die Länge des Bogens vom Berührungspunkt bis zu einem bestimmten festen Punkt der Kurve abträgt, bezeichnen kann.In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 7, it is only important that the light directing system is completely illuminated. It is less important whether the reflector elements are used mathematically as an involute, i.e. H. a projective representation of a cluster of points, lines, planes or hyperplanes in itself, or as an involute, d. H. as a flat curve that can be obtained by constructing the tangents in all points of a given curve and removing the length of the arc on them from the point of contact to a certain fixed point on the curve.

Das erfindungsgemäße Lichtlenksystem ist nicht auf spezielle Dimensionierungen beschränkt. Wird es jedoch für übliche Wohn- oder Büroräume verwendet, so werden seine Abmessungen durch die übliche Raumgröße bestimmt. In diesem Fall ist es vorteilhaft, die Kunstlichtquelle in einem Abstand von weniger als 0,5 m vom Fensterbereich (Fig. 1) bzw. von weniger als 1 m im Dachbereich (Fig. 2, Fig. 3) anzuordnen.The light control system according to the invention is not limited to special dimensions. However, if it is used for normal living or office space, its dimensions are determined by the usual room size. In this case it is advantageous to arrange the artificial light source at a distance of less than 0.5 m from the window area (FIG. 1) or less than 1 m in the roof area (FIG. 2, FIG. 3).

In den Ausführungsbeispielen, die in den beschriebenen Figuren gezeigt werden, sind die lichtreflektierenden Elemente stets als starr angeordnete Profile dargestellt, die mit zwei Glasscheiben eine feste Baueinheit bilden. Obwohl diese Ausführungsform besonders vorteilhaft ist - vgl. zum Beispiel die Herstellung solcher Profile gemäß deutscher Patentanmeldung P 40 01 471.1 -, ist die Erfindung dennoch nicht hierauf beschränkt. Erfaßt werden vielmehr auch steuerbare Lamellen, deren relative Winkelstellung z. B. durch Seilzug oder dergleichen verändert werden kann. Wesentlich ist hierbei nur, daß die Lamellen in eine solche Winkellage gebracht werden können, daß sie das anstrahlende Kunstlicht in den Raum reflektieren, ohne gleichzeitig das Tageslicht abzusperren.In the exemplary embodiments which are shown in the figures described, the light-reflecting elements are always shown as rigidly arranged profiles which form a solid structural unit with two glass panes. Although this embodiment is particularly advantageous - cf. for example the production of such profiles according to German patent application P 40 01 471.1 - the invention is nevertheless not restricted to this. Rather, controllable slats are also detected, the relative angular position of which, for. B. can be changed by cable or the like. It is only essential here that the slats can be brought into such an angular position that they reflect the illuminating artificial light into the room without simultaneously blocking the daylight.

Es ist auch nicht unbedingt erforderlich, daß die lichtreflektierenden Elemente in einer vertikalen Achse angeordnet sind, die parallel zu zwei ebenen Glasscheiben verläuft. Vielmehr wäre es auch möglich, die Achse der lichtreflektierenden Elemente schräg zu den ebenen Glasscheiben verlaufen zu lassen. In diesem Fall wären die einzelnen Elemente dachziegelartig übereinander angeordnet, wobei jedoch im Gegensatz zu den herkömmlichen Dachziegeln ein Zwischenraum zwischen den Elementen vorgesehen wäre, der den Durchtritt des natürlichen Außenlichts gestattet. Durch die seitliche Versetzung in paralleler Ebene entstünde bei jedem Element ein das darunter angeordnete Element überragendes Teilstück. Dieses Teilstück könnte vertikal von unten nach oben scheinendes Kunstlicht in den Innenraum abstrahlen, d. h. es wäre möglich, die Kunstlichtquelle selbst in den durch die beiden Glasscheiben gebildeten Raum einzubauen.It is also not absolutely necessary for the light-reflecting elements to be arranged in a vertical axis which runs parallel to two flat glass panes. Rather, it would also be possible to have the axis of the light-reflecting elements run obliquely to the flat glass panes. In this case, the individual elements would be arranged one above the other like a roof tile, but in contrast to the conventional roof tiles an intermediate space between the elements would be provided, which the Allow natural outside light to pass through. The lateral offset in a parallel plane would result in a section projecting beyond the element arranged below. This section could radiate artificial light shining vertically from bottom to top into the interior, ie it would be possible to install the artificial light source itself in the space formed by the two glass panes.

Claims (19)

  1. Light deflecting system for lighting an indoor area with a light directing device which reflects daylight coming from outside as also artificial light coming from the inside into the indoor area, characterized in that the light directing device (7, 34, 58 and 107) is provided with several elements (8 to 13; 37 to 51) disposed parallel to one another which in each case are such a distance from each other that light from an outside area can penetrate through this distance into an indoor area (1), in that these elements (8 to 13; 37 to 51) have at least one reflector surface (53 and 80) directed into the indoor area (1) and in that an artificial light source (16, 54, 61, 82 to 86 and 218) is provided which irradiates the reflector surfaces (53 and 80) directed into the indoor area (1) without at the same time direct radiation from the artificial light source (16, 54, 61, 82 to 86 and 218) reaching outside.
  2. Light deflecting system according to claim 1, characterized in that the reflector surfaces are formed by elements impervious to light.
  3. Light deflecting system according to claim 1, characterized in that the reflector surfaces are formed by prisms made reflective.
  4. Light deflecting system according to claim 1, characterized in that the artificial light source (16, 54, 82 to 86 and 218) is disposed at the level of the lowest light-reflecting element (8, 37, 68 and 128).
  5. Light deflecting system according to claim 1, characterized in that the artificial light source (61) is disposed at the level of the highest light-reflecting element.
  6. Light deflecting system according to claim 1, characterized in that the light-reflecting elements (8 to 13; 37 to 51; 68 to 78; 108 to 112, 127 and 128) are disposed between two transparent panes (4, 14; 66, 67; 113, 114) which, in turn, are surrounded by a casement (115 and 116) to which is fastened the artificial light source (218).
  7. Light deflecting system according to claim 1, characterized in that the light-reflecting elements (127 and 128) are disposed between two transparent panes (113 and 114) and surrounded by a casement (132) so that this casement (132) abuts against a stop (129 and 133) to which the artificial light source (218) is attached.
  8. Light deflecting system according to claim 1, characterized in that the artificial light source (16, 54, 61, 82 to 86 and 218) comprises a light source (18, 55 and 120) and a reflector (17, 56 and 119).
  9. Light deflecting system according to claim 1, characterized in that the artificial light source (106) comprises a light source (82) and several reflectors (83 to 86).
  10. Light deflecting system according to claims 8 or 9, characterized in that the light source (18, 15, 82 and 120) is a linear light source as for example a fluorescent tube.
  11. Light deflecting system according to claim 1, characterized in that the brightness of the artificial light source (16, 54, 61, 82 to 86 and 218) is regulated as a function of the brightness in the indoor area.
  12. Light deflecting system according to claim 1, characterized in that the artificial light source (16, 54, 61, 82 to 86 and 218) irradiates the entire inner surface of the light directing device (7, 34, 58 and 107).
  13. Light deflecting system according to claim 1, characterized in that all light reflecting elements (8 to 13, 37 to 51) are irradiated essentially with the same brightness from the artificial light source (16, 54, 61, 82 to 86 and 218).
  14. Light deflecting system according to claim 1, characterized in that the artificial light source (145) comprises several light sources (146, 147) which can be added or subtracted.
  15. Light deflecting system according to claim 8, characterized in that the reflector (119) is provided with at least one part piece (137) which is constructed so that it is involute or evolvent and in that this part piece (137) is connected to a straight piece (138).
  16. Light deflecting system according to claim 8, characterized in that the reflector (145) is provided with an involute or evolvent-shaped part piece (148) to which a parabola-shaped part piece (150) is connected.
  17. Light deflecting system according to claim 1, characterized in that the reflector surfaces (53 and 80) directed into the indoor area (1) reflect the light of the artificial light source (16, 54, 61, 82 to 86 and 218) to the ceiling (2, 91, 118) of the indoor area (1).
  18. Light deflecting system according to claim 1, characterized in that the elements (8 to 13; 37 to 51) are constructed in such a way that they reflect the light coming from the outside area onto the ceiling (2, 91 and 118) of the indoor area (1).
  19. Light deflecting system according to claim 1, characterized in that the elements (8 to 13; 37 to 51) are provided in each case with two reflecting surfaces (51 and 52) directed towards the outside with one reflecting surface of a first element (51) reflecting the light coming from the outside onto a second reflecting surface of a second element (50).
EP90903589A 1989-02-28 1990-02-27 Light deflecting system for lighting an indoor area Expired - Lifetime EP0461137B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3906229 1989-02-28
DE19893906229 DE3906229A1 (en) 1989-02-28 1989-02-28 Daylight system assisted by indirect lighting
DE19893916688 DE3916688A1 (en) 1989-05-23 1989-05-23 Reflector system for boom lighting
DE3916688 1989-05-23
PCT/DE1990/000131 WO1990010176A1 (en) 1989-02-28 1990-02-27 Light deflecting system for lighting an indoor area

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0461137A1 EP0461137A1 (en) 1991-12-18
EP0461137B1 true EP0461137B1 (en) 1995-05-17

Family

ID=25878279

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90903589A Expired - Lifetime EP0461137B1 (en) 1989-02-28 1990-02-27 Light deflecting system for lighting an indoor area

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US5293305A (en)
EP (1) EP0461137B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE122772T1 (en)
AU (1) AU643429B2 (en)
CA (1) CA2045410A1 (en)
DE (1) DE59009101D1 (en)
WO (1) WO1990010176A1 (en)

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DE102005028655B4 (en) * 2005-06-20 2015-07-23 Helmut Köster media facade

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DE102005028655B4 (en) * 2005-06-20 2015-07-23 Helmut Köster media facade
WO2007017003A1 (en) * 2005-07-29 2007-02-15 Koester Helmut Glass facades as media screen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1990010176A1 (en) 1990-09-07
DE59009101D1 (en) 1995-06-22
AU643429B2 (en) 1993-11-18
AU5154090A (en) 1990-09-26
ATE122772T1 (en) 1995-06-15
US5293305A (en) 1994-03-08
CA2045410A1 (en) 1990-08-29
EP0461137A1 (en) 1991-12-18

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