EP0460988A1 - Drive mechanism having a camshaft and force transmission means with roller - Google Patents

Drive mechanism having a camshaft and force transmission means with roller Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0460988A1
EP0460988A1 EP91401298A EP91401298A EP0460988A1 EP 0460988 A1 EP0460988 A1 EP 0460988A1 EP 91401298 A EP91401298 A EP 91401298A EP 91401298 A EP91401298 A EP 91401298A EP 0460988 A1 EP0460988 A1 EP 0460988A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
roller
semi
cylindrical wall
axis
oil
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP91401298A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0460988B1 (en
Inventor
Jean Frédéric Melchior
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Individual
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Individual
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/12—Transmitting gear between valve drive and valve
    • F01L1/18—Rocking arms or levers
    • F01L1/181—Centre pivot rocking arms
    • F01L1/182—Centre pivot rocking arms the rocking arm being pivoted about an individual fulcrum, i.e. not about a common shaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
    • F01L1/08—Shape of cams
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/12—Transmitting gear between valve drive and valve
    • F01L1/14—Tappets; Push rods
    • F01L1/143—Tappets; Push rods for use with overhead camshafts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/12—Transmitting gear between valve drive and valve
    • F01L1/18—Rocking arms or levers
    • F01L1/181—Centre pivot rocking arms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M9/00—Lubrication means having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01M1/00 - F01M7/00
    • F01M9/10—Lubrication of valve gear or auxiliaries
    • F01M9/101—Lubrication of valve gear or auxiliaries of cam surfaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M9/00—Lubrication means having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01M1/00 - F01M7/00
    • F01M9/10—Lubrication of valve gear or auxiliaries
    • F01M9/107—Lubrication of valve gear or auxiliaries of rocker shaft bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/20—Adjusting or compensating clearance
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L2305/00—Valve arrangements comprising rollers
    • F01L2305/02—Mounting of rollers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/20—Control lever and linkage systems
    • Y10T74/20576—Elements
    • Y10T74/20882—Rocker arms
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/21—Elements
    • Y10T74/2101—Cams
    • Y10T74/2107—Follower

Definitions

  • the invention relates to camshaft control devices and roller force transmitting means, making it possible to transmit an alternating movement, which is communicated by the cam of a camshaft rotating in a constant direction around its axis, to a mechanical member which is driven by a reciprocating movement and which is held in abutment on said cam by elastic return means.
  • These control devices are arranged to transmit the reciprocating movement to the mechanical member or else by means of a pusher carrying said roller and cooperating directly with said mechanical member (control by camshaft at the head), or indirectly by by means of a rocker arm oscillating around an axis and comprising a driving part which carries said roller and cooperates with the cam of the camshaft and a driven part which cooperates with the above-mentioned mechanical member.
  • the invention relates more particularly to control devices in which the force transmitting means with rollers are highly mechanically loaded, that is to say capable of transmitting significant efforts to ensure the mechanical organ a very rapid lifting and large amplitude.
  • the invention applies in particular, but not exclusively, to two-stroke engines with loop scanning, through the cylinder head, controlled exclusively by valves in order to actuate them.
  • valves In order to actuate them.
  • this section To compensate for the poor section offered by a valve for the passage of the working fluid, if we compare this section to that of lights arranged in the jacket of or of each engine cylinder, it is indeed desirable to open the valves in the shortest possible time, giving the cam the "stiffest" profile possible.
  • this type of two-stroke, valve-scavenged engine generally has masks partially blocking the passage opened by the intake valve when it is open, in order to reduce short- air circuits between the intake and exhaust ports. The presence of these masks further reduces the flow section of the valves.
  • a “substantially cylindrical roller” is a roller which has the shape of a cylinder of revolution, possibly with a slight bulge.
  • the flanges are made in one piece with the driving part of the rocker arm.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 of these drawings represent a control device with camshaft and rocker arm established in accordance with the invention, in partial section respectively along the lines I-I in FIG. 2 and II-II in FIG. 1.
  • FIGS. 3 to 6 schematically represent each of the improvements made to the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2, by extracts on a larger scale of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 7 represents a variant of part of FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 8 finally schematically represents a control device with camshaft and pusher.
  • a known mechanism for controlling by camshaft 1 and rocker arm 2 generally comprises an axis 3 around which the rocker arm pivots 2.
  • a roller 7 At the driving end of rocker arm 2 a roller 7, generally of a shape cylindrical. This roller 7 rolls, preferably without sliding, on the nose 8 of a cam 9 secured to the cam shaft 1.
  • the driven end of the rocker arm 2 cooperates, generally by means of a spherical articulation 10, with a mechanical member driven by an alternating movement, generally rectilinear or approximately rectilinear, such as valve stem 11, rocker stem, element injection pump or other.
  • FIG. 1 shows in full line the valve head 14 in position d opening and in phantom in the closed position, in abutment on the seat 15.
  • the roller 7 pivots on itself in a cavity 16 which is arranged in the driving part of the rocker arm 2 and delimited on the one hand by a circular semi-cylindrical wall 17, of axis XX parallel to the geometrical axis YY of rotation of the rocker arm 2 around the material axis 3 thereof and on the other hand by the interior walls of two plane lateral flanges 18 perpendicular to the axis XX of the semi-cylindrical wall 17.
  • the direction of rotation of the roller, as well as that of the camshaft 1, will be chosen so that the extreme generator 20 is as close as possible to the axis 3.
  • the flanges 18 are made in one piece with the driving part of the rocker arm 2, as shown diagrammatically in FIG. 2.
  • the outlet for the pressurized oil inlet 19 on the semi-cylindrical wall 17 is advantageously constituted by a transverse groove 21, arranged along the generator 20.
  • the above-mentioned arrival of pressurized oil 19 essentially consists of a channel 22 formed in the body of the rocker arm 2 and communicating with the oil supply circuit (not shown) by means of a peripheral groove 23 formed in axis 3, with a radial passage 24 provided in axis 3 and a channel 25 pierced longitudinally in axis 3.
  • the channel 22 can open directly into the groove 21, as shown in FIG. 1, or with the interposition of unidirectional means, located as close as possible to the outlet on the semi-cylindrical wall 17 and advantageously constituted by a non-return ball valve 26 , as shown in Figure 4, which has the effect of preventing the oil contained in the cavity 16 to be sucked back towards the channel 25 in the case of fluctuations in the pressure of the oil supply circuit.
  • the roller 7 is used in the cavity 16 in the manner of a hydrostatic piston in a cylinder supplied with oil under pressure, and this advantageously extending, as shown in FIG. 3, the semi-cylindrical wall 17 d axis XX by two walls 27 parallel to each other and to axis XX and tangent respectively to the ends of this semi-cylindrical wall 17.
  • the two ends of the semi-cylindrical wall 17 can be extended, as shown in FIG. 5, respectively, by tongues 28, the ends of which are separated by a distance slightly less than the diameter 2r of the roller 7, as shown diagrammatically in FIG. 5.
  • the metal of which the driving part of the rocker arm 2 is made and / or the thickness of the tongues 28 so as to be able to set up the roller 7 in the cavity 16 by a sufficient push to elastically spread the ends of the tongues 28, when the roller 7 passes, these ends then resuming their initial distance elastically so as to trap the roller 7 with play.
  • the permanent supply (in operation) of a hydrodynamic oil film in the gap limited by the semi-cylindrical wall 17 and by the cylindrical surface of the roller 7, prevents wear by preventing any metal / metal contact between the roller 7 and the body of the rocker arm 2, it may be advantageous to coat the surfaces in relative motion, or at least the semi-cylindrical wall 17, with an anti-friction coating such as, for example, a cuprous electrolytic deposit.
  • the roller 7 is full.
  • the roller 7 is preferably hollow and pierced, right through, with an axial hole 32 whose diameter, taking into account the material of which this roller 7 is made, is sufficiently weak to prevent any permanent deformation of said roller 7, under the forces to which it is subjected in operation, but sufficiently large to allow the elastic deformation of this roller 7 in contact with the cam 9 so as to reduce the Hertz pressure of the contact.
  • the inside diameter Di of the roller 7 is of the order of 70% of its outside diameter De.
  • a spacer circular cylindrical 33 with an outside diameter less than the inside diameter Di of the hollow roller 7, is mounted in the axis XX of the semi-cylindrical wall 17, integrally with the two lateral flanges 18, in which case the tongues 28 are no longer necessary.
  • a rocker control device is thus obtained, the operation of which is as follows.
  • the oil arriving under pressure in the groove 21 is distributed in the cavity 16 by the rotating roller 7 and it is maintained there under an intermediate pressure which depends on the supply pressure and on the section of the leakage passage formed by the clearance between the roller 7 and the walls of its housing.
  • a film of hydrostatic oil is thus maintained between the roller 7 and its housing and not only ensures the lubrication of the roller, but also its suspension inside the housing allowing it to roll despite the absence of a material axis and its keeping pressed against the cam 9, without the appearance of the usual rattling.
  • the pusher 34 acts directly on the mechanical member or valve stem 11 and in that the oil inlet channel 25 is disposed in the guide 35 of the pusher 34 and is connected to the channel 22 formed in the pusher 34 by means of an annular groove 36 formed at the periphery of the pusher 34.
  • the operating mode and the advantages of the pusher control device 34 are identical to those of the rocker control devices 2 or can be easily deduced by specialists.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)
  • Lubrication Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

The drive mechanism having a camshaft (1) and a roller (7) carried by a push rod or rocker arm, is characterised in that the roller (7) rotates on itself in a cavity (16) which is formed in the driving part of the push rod or rocker arm and which is fed with oil under pressure through channels (24, 23, 22, 21). This cavity (16) is delimited by a circular semi-cylindrical wall (17) and by the interior walls of two flat side flanges. …<IMAGE>…

Description

L'invention est relative aux dispositifs de commande par arbres à came et moyens transmetteurs d'efforts à galet, permettant de transmettre un mouvement alternatif, qui est communiqué par la came d'un arbre à came tournant en sens constant autour de son axe, à un organe mécanique qui est animé d'un mouvement alternatif et qui est maintenu en appui sur ladite came par des moyens de rappel élastiques. Ces dispositifs de commande sont agencés pour transmettre le mouvement alternatif à l'organe mécanique ou bien par l'intermédiaire d'un poussoir portant ledit galet et coopérant directement avec ledit organe mécanique (commande par arbre à came en tête), ou bien indirectement par l'intermédiaire d'un culbuteur oscillant autour d'un axe et comportant une partie menante qui porte ledit galet et coopère avec la came de l'arbre à came et une partie menée qui coopère avec le susdit organe mécanique. L'invention concerne plus particulièrement les dispositifs de commande dont les moyens transmetteurs d'efforts à galets sont très chargés mécaniquement, c'est-à-dire capables de transmettre des efforts importants pour assurer à l'organe mécanique une levée très rapide et de grande amplitude.The invention relates to camshaft control devices and roller force transmitting means, making it possible to transmit an alternating movement, which is communicated by the cam of a camshaft rotating in a constant direction around its axis, to a mechanical member which is driven by a reciprocating movement and which is held in abutment on said cam by elastic return means. These control devices are arranged to transmit the reciprocating movement to the mechanical member or else by means of a pusher carrying said roller and cooperating directly with said mechanical member (control by camshaft at the head), or indirectly by by means of a rocker arm oscillating around an axis and comprising a driving part which carries said roller and cooperates with the cam of the camshaft and a driven part which cooperates with the above-mentioned mechanical member. The invention relates more particularly to control devices in which the force transmitting means with rollers are highly mechanically loaded, that is to say capable of transmitting significant efforts to ensure the mechanical organ a very rapid lifting and large amplitude.

L'invention s'applique en particulier, mais non exclusivement, aux moteurs à deux temps à balayage en boucle, à travers la culasse, commandé exclusivement par des soupapes en vue d'actionner celles-ci. Pour compenser la médiocre section offerte par une soupape au passage du fluide moteur, si l'on compare cette section à celle de lumières aménagées dans la chemise du ou de chaque cylindre du moteur, il est en effet souhaitable d'ouvrir les soupapes dans le laps de temps le plus court possible en donnant à la came le profil le plus "raide" possible. Par ailleurs, il est connu que ce type de moteur à deux temps, à balayage par soupapes, présente généralement des masques obturant partiellement le passage libéré par la soupape d'admission lorsqu'elle est ouverte, afin de réduire autant que possible les courts-circuits d'air entre les orifices d'admission et d'échappement. La présence de ces masques diminue encore la section débitante des soupapes. Pour compenser cette réduction de la section périphérique, on est conduit à augmenter, plus que ce qu'il est d'usage, la levée de ces soupapes. L'accroissement, dans un temps réduit, de cette levée pose des problèmes d'inertie qui se traduisent par une charge excessive des moyens transmetteurs d'efforts à galet et, en particulier, des culbuteurs lorsque la géométrie des culasses et la disposition de l'arbre à came imposent leur présence.The invention applies in particular, but not exclusively, to two-stroke engines with loop scanning, through the cylinder head, controlled exclusively by valves in order to actuate them. To compensate for the poor section offered by a valve for the passage of the working fluid, if we compare this section to that of lights arranged in the jacket of or of each engine cylinder, it is indeed desirable to open the valves in the shortest possible time, giving the cam the "stiffest" profile possible. Furthermore, it is known that this type of two-stroke, valve-scavenged engine generally has masks partially blocking the passage opened by the intake valve when it is open, in order to reduce short- air circuits between the intake and exhaust ports. The presence of these masks further reduces the flow section of the valves. To compensate for this reduction in the peripheral section, it is necessary to increase, more than is customary, the lifting of these valves. The increase, in a reduced time, of this lifting poses inertia problems which result in an excessive load of the roller-transmitting force transmitting means and, in particular, of the rocker arms when the geometry of the cylinder heads and the arrangement of the 'camshaft impose their presence.

En vue d'éliminer certains inconvénients des susdits dispositifs de commande dont le galet est porté par un axe, il a été proposé, dans le document US-A-4.909.197, de supprimer cet axe et de monter le galet de façon qu'il tourne sur lui-même dans une cavité qui est ménagée dans la partie menante et délimitée, d'une part, par une paroi semi-cylindrique et, d'autre part, par les parois intérieures de deux flasques latéraux plans perpendiculaires à l'axe de la paroi semi-cylindrique. Mais ce document ne fait mention ni d'une arrivée d'huile sous pression dans ladite cavité, ni de la valeur des jeux entre le galet et son logement, et décrit d'ailleurs un mode de réalisation préféré (figure 5 et revendication 10) dans lequel une gorge annulaire menagée dans le galet empêcherait l'établissement d'une pression d'huile notable dans la susdite cavité au cas "où il y serait introduit de l'huile sous pression.With a view to eliminating certain drawbacks of the above control devices, the roller of which is carried by an axis, it has been proposed, in document US-A-4,909,197, to delete this axis and to mount the roller so that it turns on itself in a cavity which is formed in the driving and delimited part, on the one hand, by a semi-cylindrical wall and, on the other hand, by the interior walls of two flat lateral flanges perpendicular to the axis of the semi-cylindrical wall. However, this document neither mentions an arrival of pressurized oil in said cavity, nor the value of the clearances between the roller and its housing, and moreover describes a preferred embodiment (FIG. 5 and claim 10) in which an annular groove made in the roller would prevent the establishment of a significant oil pressure in the aforesaid cavity in case "where there is introduced oil under pressure.

L'invention, qui a essentiellement pour but de remédier aux inconvénients de cet état de la technique, a pour objet un dispositif de commande, par arbre à came et à galet porté par un poussoir ou par un culbuteur, d'un organe mécanique animé d'un mouvement alternatif, notamment pour moteurs à combustion interne, constitué de moyens transmetteurs d'efforts depuis la came de l'arbre à came jusqu'audit organe mécanique et comportant une partie menante portant un galet sensiblement cylindrique qui coopère avec la came de l'arbre à came et une partie menée qui est solidaire de la partie menante et qui coopère avec ledit organe mécanique,
   ledit organe mécanique se déplaçant entre deux positions extrêmes dont l'une correspond au déplacement maximal du galet sur la came et dont l'autre est déterminée par une butée fixe sur laquelle vient buter l'organe mécanique rappelé par des moyens de rappel élastiques lorsque le galet coopère avec la partie descendante du nez de la came,

  • le galet tourillonnant sur lui-même (et non pas sur un axe) dans une cavité qui est aménagée dans la partie menante et délimitée d'une part par une paroi semi-cylindrique circulaire et d'autre part par les parois intérieures de deux flasques latéraux plans perpendiculaires à l'axe de la paroi semi-cylindrique,
       caractérisé en ce que :
  • une arrivée d'huile sous pression, communiquant avec un circuit d'alimentation en huile, débouche sur la paroi intérieure semi-cylindrique de la cavité, de préférence au voisinage de la génératrice extrême de la paroi semi-cylindrique située en amont, selon le sens de rotation du galet, et
la paroi semi-cylindrique a un rayon légèrement supérieur au rayon extérieur du galet tandis que les parois intérieures des flasques latéraux sont séparées par une distance légèrement supérieure à la largeur du galet de manière à ne laisser entre le galet et, d'une part, les bords de la cavité semi-cylindrique et, d'autre part, les parois intérieures des flasques qu'un jeu de fonctionnement suffisamment faible pour que, en fonctionnement, l'huile provenant de la susdite arrivée maintienne un film d'huile hydrodynamique entre le galet et les parois de la cavité et que les fuites latérales soient réduites au minimum.The invention, which essentially aims to remedy the drawbacks of this state of the art, relates to a control device, by camshaft and roller carried by a pusher or by a rocker arm, of an animated mechanical member reciprocating, in particular for internal combustion engines, consisting of force transmitting means from the cam of the cam shaft to said mechanical member and comprising a driving part carrying a substantially cylindrical roller which cooperates with the cam the camshaft and a driven part which is integral with the driving part and which cooperates with said mechanical member,
said mechanical member moving between two extreme positions, one of which corresponds to the maximum displacement of the roller on the cam and the other of which is determined by a fixed stop on which the mechanical member abutted by elastic return means when the roller cooperates with the descending part of the nose of the cam,
  • the roller journalling on itself (and not on an axis) in a cavity which is arranged in the driving part and delimited on the one hand by a circular semi-cylindrical wall and on the other hand by the interior walls of two flanges lateral planes perpendicular to the axis of the semi-cylindrical wall,
    characterized in that:
  • an inlet for pressurized oil, communicating with an oil supply circuit, opens onto the semi-cylindrical inner wall of the cavity, preferably in the vicinity of the extreme generatrix of the semi-cylindrical wall situated upstream, according to the direction of rotation of the roller, and
the semi-cylindrical wall has a radius slightly greater than the outer radius of the roller while the inner walls of the lateral flanges are separated by a distance slightly greater than the width of the roller so as not to leave between the roller and, on the one hand, the edges of the semi-cylindrical cavity and, on the other hand, the internal walls of the flanges that a sufficiently small operating clearance so that, in operation, the oil coming from the above-mentioned arrival maintains a film of hydrodynamic oil between the roller and the walls of the cavity and that the lateral leaks are reduced to a minimum.

Dans ce contexte, on appelle "galet sensiblement cylindrique" un galet qui a la forme d'un cylindre de révolution, avec éventuellement un léger bombé.In this context, a "substantially cylindrical roller" is a roller which has the shape of a cylinder of revolution, possibly with a slight bulge.

De préférence, les flasques sont constitués d'une seule pièce avec la partie menante du culbuteur.Preferably, the flanges are made in one piece with the driving part of the rocker arm.

Ainsi qu'il sera expliqué ci-après, un tel dispositif de commande remédie effectivement aux inconvénients des dispositifs de commande usuels à arbre à came et poussoir ou culbuteur.As will be explained below, such a control device effectively remedies the drawbacks of the usual control devices with camshaft and pusher or rocker arm.

L'invention va être exposée plus en détail à l'aide des dessins annexés.The invention will be explained in more detail using the accompanying drawings.

Les figures 1 et 2 de ces dessins représentent un dispositif de commande à arbre à came et culbuteur établi conformément à l'invention, en coupe partielle respectivement selon les lignes I-I de la figure 2 et II-II de la figure 1.FIGS. 1 and 2 of these drawings represent a control device with camshaft and rocker arm established in accordance with the invention, in partial section respectively along the lines I-I in FIG. 2 and II-II in FIG. 1.

Les figures 3 à 6 représentent schématiquement chacune des perfectionnements apportés au mode de réalisation des figures 1 et 2, par des extraits à plus grande échelle de la figure 1.FIGS. 3 to 6 schematically represent each of the improvements made to the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2, by extracts on a larger scale of FIG. 1.

La figure 7 représente une variante d'une partie de la figure 2.FIG. 7 represents a variant of part of FIG. 2.

La figure 8 enfin représente schématiquement un dispositif de commande à arbre à came et poussoir.FIG. 8 finally schematically represents a control device with camshaft and pusher.

Avant de décrire l'invention, il paraît utile de rappeler l'état de la technique en ce qui concerne les dispositifs de commande à culbuteur.Before describing the invention, it seems useful to recall the state of the art with regard to rocker control devices.

Comme le montrent les figures 1 et 2, un mécanisme connu de commande par arbre à came 1 et culbuteur 2 comprend généralement un axe 3 autour duquel pivote le culbuteur 2. A l'extrémité menante du culbuteur 2 tourillonne un galet 7, généralement de forme cylindrique. Ce galet 7 roule, de préférence sans glissement, sur le nez 8 d'une came 9 solidaire de l'arbre à came 1.As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a known mechanism for controlling by camshaft 1 and rocker arm 2 generally comprises an axis 3 around which the rocker arm pivots 2. At the driving end of rocker arm 2 a roller 7, generally of a shape cylindrical. This roller 7 rolls, preferably without sliding, on the nose 8 of a cam 9 secured to the cam shaft 1.

L'extrémité menée du culbuteur 2 coopère, généralement par l'intermédiaire d'une articulation sphérique 10, avec un organe mécanique animé d'un mouvement alternatif, généralement rectiligne ou approximativement rectiligne, tel que tige de soupape 11, tige de culbuteur, élément de pompe d'injection ou autre.The driven end of the rocker arm 2 cooperates, generally by means of a spherical articulation 10, with a mechanical member driven by an alternating movement, generally rectilinear or approximately rectilinear, such as valve stem 11, rocker stem, element injection pump or other.

Lorsque le galet 7 attaque la partie descendante 8a du nez de came 8, la cohésion de l'ensemble mécanique, en particulier l'appui du galet 7 sur la came 9, est assuré par un ressort de rappel 12 qui peut être mécanique, comme représenté schématiquement à la figure 1, ou pneumatique jusqu'à ce que la tige 11, ou organe analogue, rencontre une butée. Dans le cas où la tige 11 fait partie d'une soupape 13 dont la tête 14 coopère avec un siège 15, cette butée est en général constituée par ce siège 15. La figure 1 montre en trait plein la tête de soupape 14 en position d'ouverture et en trait mixte en position de fermeture, en butée sur le siège 15.When the roller 7 attacks the descending part 8a of the cam nose 8, the cohesion of the mechanical assembly, in particular the support of the roller 7 on the cam 9, is ensured by a return spring 12 which can be mechanical, as shown schematically in Figure 1, or pneumatic until the rod 11, or similar member, meets a stop. In the case where the rod 11 is part of a valve 13 whose head 14 cooperates with a seat 15, this stop is generally constituted by this seat 15. FIG. 1 shows in full line the valve head 14 in position d opening and in phantom in the closed position, in abutment on the seat 15.

Par ailleurs, lorsque le nez 8 de la came 9 est effacé du fait de la rotation de l'arbre à came 1 (rotation schématisée par une flèche à la figure 1), un jeu de fonctionnement est prévu entre le galet 7 et la came 9 de telle manière que la tige 11 puisse se dilater sans contrainte. Une rampe de rattrapage de jeu 8b est prévue sur la came 9 pour permettre la prise de contact, avec le moins de choc possible, entre le nez 8 de la came 9 et le galet 7 au tour suivant, mais cette mesure est en général insuffisante pour supprimer totalement un tel choc et le bruit ou cliquetis qui en résulte.Furthermore, when the nose 8 of the cam 9 is erased due to the rotation of the cam shaft 1 (rotation shown diagrammatically by an arrow in FIG. 1), an operating clearance is provided between the roller 7 and the cam 9 in such a way that the rod 11 can expand without constraint. A backlash ramp 8b is provided on the cam 9 to allow contact, with the least possible shock, between the nose 8 of the cam 9 and the roller 7 on the next turn, but this measure is generally insufficient to completely remove such a shock and the resulting noise or rattling.

Conformément à l'état de la technique défini par le document US-A-4.909.197, le galet 7 tourillonne sur lui-même dans une cavité 16 qui est aménagée dans la partie menante du culbuteur 2 et délimitée d'une part par une paroi semi-cylindrique circulaire 17, d'axe X-X parallèle à l'axe géométrique Y-Y de rotation du culbuteur 2 autour de l'axe matériel 3 de celui-ci et d'autre part par les parois intérieures de deux flasques latéraux plans 18 perpendiculaires à l'axe X-X de la paroi semi-cylindrique 17.In accordance with the state of the art defined by document US-A-4,909,197, the roller 7 pivots on itself in a cavity 16 which is arranged in the driving part of the rocker arm 2 and delimited on the one hand by a circular semi-cylindrical wall 17, of axis XX parallel to the geometrical axis YY of rotation of the rocker arm 2 around the material axis 3 thereof and on the other hand by the interior walls of two plane lateral flanges 18 perpendicular to the axis XX of the semi-cylindrical wall 17.

Partant de cet état de la technique, le dispositif de commande selon l'invention, qui va d'abord être décrit dans son application aux culbuteurs, est identique aux dispositifs connus à l'exception du montage du galet 7 dans la partie menante du culbuteur 2, et il est essentiellement caractérisé, comme illustré schématiquement aux figures 1 et 2, en ce que :

  • une arrivée d'huile sous pression 19, communiquant avec un circuit d'alimentation en huile, débouche sur la paroi semi-cylindrique 17 de la cavité 16, de préférence au voisinage de la génératrice extrême 20 de la paroi semi-cylindrique 17 située en amont, selon le sens de rotation (schématisé par une flèche à la figure 1) du galet 7 ; et
  • la paroi semi-cylindrique 17 a un rayon R légèrement supérieur au rayon extérieur 2 du galet 7 et les parois intérieures des flasques latéraux 18 sont séparées par une distance L légèrement supérieure à la largeur du galet 7, de manière à ne laisser entre le galet 7 et, d'une part, les bords de la cavité semi-cylindrique 17 et, d'autre part, les parois intérieures des flasques 18 qu'un jeu de fonctionnement suffisamment faible pour que, en fonctionnement, l'huile provenant de l'arrivée 19 maintienne un film d'huile hydrodynamique entre le galet 7 et les parois de la cavité 16 et que les fuites latérales d'huile soient réduites au minimum.
Based on this state of the art, the control device according to the invention, which will first be described in its application to rocker arms, is identical to known devices with the exception of the mounting of the roller 7 in the driving part of the rocker arm 2, and it is essentially characterized, as illustrated diagrammatically in FIGS. 1 and 2, in that:
  • an inlet for pressurized oil 19, communicating with an oil supply circuit, opens onto the semi-cylindrical wall 17 of the cavity 16, preferably in the vicinity of the end generator 20 of the semi-cylindrical wall 17 located at upstream, in the direction of rotation (shown schematically by an arrow in Figure 1) of the roller 7; and
  • the semi-cylindrical wall 17 has a radius R slightly greater than the outer radius 2 of the roller 7 and the inner walls of the lateral flanges 18 are separated by a distance L slightly greater than the width of the roller 7, so as not to leave between the roller 7 and, on the one hand, the edges of the semi-cylindrical cavity 17 and, on the other hand, the interior walls of the flanges 18 that a sufficiently low operating clearance so that, in operation, the oil coming from the inlet 19 maintains a film of hydrodynamic oil between the roller 7 and the walls of the cavity 16 and that the lateral oil leaks are reduced to a minimum.

Le sens de rotation du galet, ainsi que celui de l'arbre à came 1, sera choisi de façon que la génératrice extrême 20 soit aussi voisine que possible de l'axe 3.The direction of rotation of the roller, as well as that of the camshaft 1, will be chosen so that the extreme generator 20 is as close as possible to the axis 3.

De préférence, les flasques 18 sont constitués d'une seule pièce avec la partie menante du culbuteur 2, comme montré schématiquement à la figure 2.Preferably, the flanges 18 are made in one piece with the driving part of the rocker arm 2, as shown diagrammatically in FIG. 2.

Le débouché de l'arrivée d'huile sous pression 19 sur la paroi semi-cylindrique 17 est avantageusement constitué par une gorge transversale 21, aménagée le long de la génératrice 20.The outlet for the pressurized oil inlet 19 on the semi-cylindrical wall 17 is advantageously constituted by a transverse groove 21, arranged along the generator 20.

De préférence, la susdite arrivée d'huile sous pression 19 est essentiellement constituée par un canal 22 ménagé dans le corps du culbuteur 2 et communiquant avec le circuit d'alimentation en huile (non représenté) par l'intermédiaire d'une gorge périphérique 23 ménagée dans l'axe 3, d'un passage radial 24 prévu dans l'axe 3 et d'un canal 25 percé longitudinalement dans l'axe 3.Preferably, the above-mentioned arrival of pressurized oil 19 essentially consists of a channel 22 formed in the body of the rocker arm 2 and communicating with the oil supply circuit (not shown) by means of a peripheral groove 23 formed in axis 3, with a radial passage 24 provided in axis 3 and a channel 25 pierced longitudinally in axis 3.

Le canal 22 peut déboucher directement dans la gorge 21, comme représenté à la figure 1, ou avec interposition de moyens unidirectionnels, situés au plus près du débouché sur la paroi semi-cylindrique 17 et avantageusement constitués par un clapet anti-retour à bille 26, comme représenté à la figure 4, ce qui a pour effet d'empêcher l'huile contenue dans la cavité 16 d'être réaspirée vers le canal 25 dans le cas de fluctuations de la pression du circuit d'alimentation en huile.The channel 22 can open directly into the groove 21, as shown in FIG. 1, or with the interposition of unidirectional means, located as close as possible to the outlet on the semi-cylindrical wall 17 and advantageously constituted by a non-return ball valve 26 , as shown in Figure 4, which has the effect of preventing the oil contained in the cavity 16 to be sucked back towards the channel 25 in the case of fluctuations in the pressure of the oil supply circuit.

Afin de rattraper automatiquement le jeu entre le galet 7 et la came 9 lorsque l'organe mécanique 11 coopérant avec la partie menée du culbuteur 2 est en appui sur sa butée telle que 15 (figure 1) du fait de l'action des moyens de rappel élastiques 12, on utilise le galet 7 dans la cavité 16 à la manière d'un piston hydrostatique dans un cylindre alimenté en huile sous pression, et ceci en prolongeant avantageusement, comme représenté à la figure 3, la paroi semi-cylindrique 17 d'axe X-X par deux parois 27 parallèles entre elles et à l'axe X-X et tangentes respectivement aux extrémités de cette paroi semi-cylindrique 17.In order to automatically make up for the play between the roller 7 and the cam 9 when the mechanical member 11 cooperating with the driven part of the rocker arm 2 is in abutment on its stop such as 15 (FIG. 1) due to the action of the means of elastic return 12, the roller 7 is used in the cavity 16 in the manner of a hydrostatic piston in a cylinder supplied with oil under pressure, and this advantageously extending, as shown in FIG. 3, the semi-cylindrical wall 17 d axis XX by two walls 27 parallel to each other and to axis XX and tangent respectively to the ends of this semi-cylindrical wall 17.

Afin de maintenir en place le galet 7 dans la cavité 16, on pourra prolonger, comme représenté à la figure 5, les deux extrémités de la paroi semi-cylindrique 17 (ou les deux parois parallèles 27 de la figure 3) respectivement par des languettes 28 dont les extrémités sont séparées par une distance légèrement inférieure au diamètre 2r du galet 7, comme représenté schématiquement à la figure 5. On choisira alors le métal dont est faite la partie menante du culbuteur 2 et/ou l'épaisseur des languettes 28 de façon à pouvoir mettre en place le galet 7 dans la cavité 16 par une poussée suffisante pour écarter élastiquement les extrémités des languettes 28, au passage du galet 7, ces extrémités reprenant ensuite élastiquement leur distance initiale de façon à emprisonner avec jeu le galet 7.In order to keep the roller 7 in place in the cavity 16, the two ends of the semi-cylindrical wall 17 (or the two parallel walls 27 of FIG. 3) can be extended, as shown in FIG. 5, respectively, by tongues 28, the ends of which are separated by a distance slightly less than the diameter 2r of the roller 7, as shown diagrammatically in FIG. 5. The metal of which the driving part of the rocker arm 2 is made and / or the thickness of the tongues 28 so as to be able to set up the roller 7 in the cavity 16 by a sufficient push to elastically spread the ends of the tongues 28, when the roller 7 passes, these ends then resuming their initial distance elastically so as to trap the roller 7 with play.

Quoique l'alimentation permanente (en fonctionnement) d'un film d'huile hydrodynamique, dans l'interstice limité par la paroi semi-cylindrique 17 et par la surface cylindrique du galet 7, évite l'usure en empêchant tout contact métal/métal entre'le galet 7 et le corps du culbuteur 2, il peut être avantageux de revêtir les surfaces en mouvement relatif, ou du moins la paroi semi-cylindrique 17, d'un revêtement anti-friction tel que, par exemple, un dépôt électrolytique cuivreux.Although the permanent supply (in operation) of a hydrodynamic oil film, in the gap limited by the semi-cylindrical wall 17 and by the cylindrical surface of the roller 7, prevents wear by preventing any metal / metal contact between the roller 7 and the body of the rocker arm 2, it may be advantageous to coat the surfaces in relative motion, or at least the semi-cylindrical wall 17, with an anti-friction coating such as, for example, a cuprous electrolytic deposit.

On pourra également, comme montré à la figure 6, interposer entre le galet 7 et le culbuteur 2 une coquille métallique semi-cylindrique mince 29 en matériau anti-friction prenant appui sur la paroi semi-cylindrique 17 de la cavité désignée par 16 à la figure 1. Il faudra alors aménager un passage d'huile 30 à travers la coquille 29 et pratiquer la gorge 21 dans cette coquille pour permettre d'alimenter en huile l'interstice 31 entre le galet 7 et la coquille 29.It will also be possible, as shown in FIG. 6, to interpose between the roller 7 and the rocker arm 2 a thin semi-cylindrical metal shell 29 made of anti-friction material bearing on the semi-cylindrical wall 17 of the cavity designated by 16 at the FIG. 1. It will then be necessary to arrange an oil passage 30 through the shell 29 and to practice the groove 21 in this shell in order to supply oil with the gap 31 between the roller 7 and the shell 29.

Sur les représentations en élévation des figures 1 et 3 à 6, le galet 7 est plein. Néanmoins et comme représenté en coupe à la figure 7, le galet 7 est de préférence creux et percé, de part en part, d'un trou axial 32 dont le diamètre, compte tenu de la matière dont est fait ce galet 7, est suffisamment faible pour empêcher toute déformation permanente dudit galet 7, sous les efforts auxquels il est soumis en fonctionnement, mais suffisamment grand pour permettre la déformation élastique de ce galet 7 au contact de la came 9 de manière à réduire la pression de Hertz du contact. De préférence, le diamètre intérieur Di du galet 7 est de l'ordre de 70 % de son diamètre extérieur De. En variante, une entretoise cylindrique circulaire 33, de diamètre extérieur inférieur au diamètre intérieur Di du galet creux 7, est montée dans l'axe X-X de la paroi semi-cylindrique 17, solidairement avec les deux flasques latéraux 18, auquel cas les languettes 28 ne sont plus nécessaires.In the elevation representations of Figures 1 and 3 to 6, the roller 7 is full. However, and as shown in section in Figure 7, the roller 7 is preferably hollow and pierced, right through, with an axial hole 32 whose diameter, taking into account the material of which this roller 7 is made, is sufficiently weak to prevent any permanent deformation of said roller 7, under the forces to which it is subjected in operation, but sufficiently large to allow the elastic deformation of this roller 7 in contact with the cam 9 so as to reduce the Hertz pressure of the contact. Preferably, the inside diameter Di of the roller 7 is of the order of 70% of its outside diameter De. As a variant, a spacer circular cylindrical 33, with an outside diameter less than the inside diameter Di of the hollow roller 7, is mounted in the axis XX of the semi-cylindrical wall 17, integrally with the two lateral flanges 18, in which case the tongues 28 are no longer necessary.

On obtient ainsi un dispositif de commande à culbuteur dont le fonctionnement est le suivant. L'huile arrivant sous pression dans la gorge 21 est répartie dans la cavité 16 par le galet 7 en rotation et elle y est maintenue sous une pression intermédiaire qui dépend de la pression d'alimentation et de la section du passage de fuite constitué par le jeu entre le galet 7 et les parois de son logement. Un film d'huile hydrostatique est ainsi entretenu entre le galet 7 et son logement et assure non seulement la lubrification du galet, mais encore sa suspension à l'intérieur du logement lui permettant de rouler malgré l'absence d'un axe matériel et son maintien en appui contre la came 9, sans apparition du cliquetis habituel.A rocker control device is thus obtained, the operation of which is as follows. The oil arriving under pressure in the groove 21 is distributed in the cavity 16 by the rotating roller 7 and it is maintained there under an intermediate pressure which depends on the supply pressure and on the section of the leakage passage formed by the clearance between the roller 7 and the walls of its housing. A film of hydrostatic oil is thus maintained between the roller 7 and its housing and not only ensures the lubrication of the roller, but also its suspension inside the housing allowing it to roll despite the absence of a material axis and its keeping pressed against the cam 9, without the appearance of the usual rattling.

Ce dispositif de commande présente les avantages suivants :

  • augmentation très importante de la surface portante du palier du galet 7, permettant de charger très fortement le culbuteur (levées rapides et de grande amplitude ; vitesses de rotation élevées) ;
  • rattrapage de jeu automatique entre la came 9 et le galet 7 (sans qu'il soit besoin de mettre en oeuvre des poussoirs hydrauliques coûteux et complexes) ;
  • fonctionnement de longue durée sans usure du fait du film hydrodynamique entretenu par la rotation du galet 7 ;
  • tolérance élevée sur les défauts de perpendicularité entre l'axe 3 du culbuteur 2 et sa 'direction longitudinale (rattrapage hydraulique des défauts de perpendicularité).
This control device has the following advantages:
  • very significant increase in the bearing surface of the bearing of the roller 7, making it possible to load the rocker arm very strongly (rapid lifts and of large amplitude; high speeds of rotation);
  • automatic backlash adjustment between the cam 9 and the roller 7 (without the need to use expensive and complex hydraulic tappets);
  • long-term operation without wear due to the hydrodynamic film maintained by the rotation of the roller 7;
  • high tolerance on perpendicularity defects between axis 3 of rocker arm 2 and its' longitudinal direction (hydraulic compensation for perpendicularity defects).

Dans la description des figures, il a été supposé jusqu'ici que, dans le dispositif de commande à arbre à came, le galet 7 était porté par la partie menante d'un culbuteur 2 mais l'invention s'applique tout aussi bien lorsque le galet 7 est porté par un poussoir 34 animé du même mouvement alternatif que l'organe mécanique 11, comme le montre schématiquement la figure 8. Les éléments de cette figure 8 qui sont identiques ou analogues à des éléments de figures précédentes y sont désignés par les mêmes signes de référence et il suffit donc de se reporter, à leur sujet, à la description de ces figures précédentes. Les seules différences notables consistent en ce que le poussoir 34 agit directement sur l'organe mécanique ou tige de soupape 11 et en ce que le canal d'arrivée d'huile 25 est disposé dans le guide 35 du poussoir 34 et est relié au canal 22 ménagé dans le poussoir 34 par l'intermédiaire d'une gorge annulaire 36 ménagée à la périphérie du poussoir 34. Le mode de fonctionnement et les avantages du dispositif de commande à poussoir 34 sont identiques à ceux des dispositifs de commande à culbuteur 2 ou peuvent en être déduits aisément par les spécialistes.In the description of the figures, it has hitherto been assumed that, in the camshaft control device, the roller 7 was carried by the driving part of a rocker arm 2, but the invention applies just as well when the roller 7 is carried by a pusher 34 animated by the same reciprocating movement as the mechanical member 11, as shown diagrammatically in FIG. 8. The elements of this FIG. 8 which are identical or analogous to elements of the preceding figures are designated by the same reference signs and it is therefore sufficient to refer, on their subject, to the description of these preceding figures. The only notable differences consist in that the pusher 34 acts directly on the mechanical member or valve stem 11 and in that the oil inlet channel 25 is disposed in the guide 35 of the pusher 34 and is connected to the channel 22 formed in the pusher 34 by means of an annular groove 36 formed at the periphery of the pusher 34. The operating mode and the advantages of the pusher control device 34 are identical to those of the rocker control devices 2 or can be easily deduced by specialists.

Claims (15)

Dispositif de commande, par arbre à came (1) et à galet (7) porté par un poussoir ou culbuteur, d'un organe mécanique (11) animé d'un mouvement alternatif, notamment pour moteurs à combustion interne, constitué de moyens transmetteurs d'efforts depuis la came (9) de l'arbre à came (1) jusqu'audit organe mécanique (11) et comportant une partie menante portant un galet sensiblement cylindrique (7) qui coopère avec la came (9) de l'arbre à came (1) et une partie menée qui est solidaire de la partie menante et qui coopère avec ledit organe mécanique (11),
   ledit organe mécanique (11) se déplaçant entre deux positions extrêmes dont l'une correspond au déplacement maximal du galet (7) sur la came (9) et dont l'autre est déterminée par une butée fixe (15) sur laquelle vient buter l'organe mécanique (11) rappelé par des moyens de rappel élastiques (12) lorsque le galet (7) coopère avec la partie descendante (8a) du nez (8) de la came (9). - le galet (7) tourillonnant sur lui-même dans une cavité (16) qui est ménagée dans la partie menante et délimitée d'une part par une paroi semi-cylindrique circulaire (17) et d'autre part par les parois intérieures de deux flasques latéraux plans (18) perpendiculaires à l'axe (X-X) de la paroi semi-cylindrique (17)
   caractérisé en ce que: - une arrivée d'huile sous pression (19), communiquant avec un circuit d'alimentation en huile, débouche sur la paroi intérieure semi-cylindrique (17) de la cavité (16), de préférence au voisinage de la génératrice extrême (20) de la paroi semi-cylindrique (17) située en amont, selon le sens de rotation du galet (7), et    la paroi semi-cylindrique (17) a un rayon (R) légèrement supérieur au rayon extérieur (r) du galet (7) tandis que les parois intérieures des flasques latéraux (18) sont séparées par une distance (L) légèrement supérieure à la largeur (1) du galet (7) de manière à ne laisser entre le galet (7) et, d'une part, les bords de la cavité semi-cylindrique (17) et, d'autre part, les parois intérieures des flasques (18) qu'un jeu de fonctionnement suffisamment faible pour que, en fonctionnement, l'huile provenant de l'arrivée (19) maintienne un film d'huile hydrodynamique entre le galet" (7) et les parois de la cavité (16) et que les fuites latérales d'huile soient réduites au minimum.Control device, by camshaft (1) and roller (7) carried by a pusher or rocker arm, of a mechanical member (11) driven by a reciprocating movement, in particular for internal combustion engines, consisting of transmitting means forces from the cam (9) of the camshaft (1) to said mechanical member (11) and comprising a driving part carrying a substantially cylindrical roller (7) which cooperates with the cam (9) of the camshaft (1) and a driven part which is integral with the driving part and which cooperates with said mechanical member (11),
said mechanical member (11) moving between two extreme positions, one of which corresponds to the maximum displacement of the roller (7) on the cam (9) and the other of which is determined by a fixed stop (15) on which the 'mechanical member (11) returned by elastic return means (12) when the roller (7) cooperates with the descending part (8a) of the nose (8) of the cam (9). - The roller (7) swirling on itself in a cavity (16) which is formed in the driving part and delimited on the one hand by a circular semi-cylindrical wall (17) and on the other hand by the internal walls of two flat lateral flanges (18) perpendicular to the axis (XX) of the semi-cylindrical wall (17)
characterized in that: - an inlet for pressurized oil (19), communicating with an oil supply circuit, opens onto the semi-cylindrical inner wall (17) of the cavity (16), preferably in the vicinity of the extreme generator (20) of the semi-cylindrical wall (17) located upstream, in the direction of rotation of the roller (7), and the semi-cylindrical wall (17) has a radius (R) slightly greater than the outer radius (r) of the roller (7) while the inner walls of the lateral flanges (18) are separated by a distance (L) slightly greater than the width (1) of the roller (7) so as not to leave between the roller (7) and, on the one hand, the edges of the semi-cylindrical cavity (17) and, on the other hand, the inner walls of the flanges (18) that a sufficiently low operating clearance so that, in operation, the oil coming from the inlet (19) maintains a film of hydrodynamic oil between the roller "(7) and the walls of the cavity (16 ) and that the lateral oil leaks are reduced to a minimum. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les flasques (18) sont constitués d'une seule pièce avec la partie menante.Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the flanges (18) are made in one piece with the driving part. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que le débouché de l'arrivée d'huile sous pression (19) sur la paroi semi-cylindrique (17) est constitué par une gorge transversale (21), aménagée le long de la génératrice extrême (20).Device according to either of Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the outlet for the pressurized oil inlet (19) on the semi-cylindrical wall (17) consists of a transverse groove (21), arranged along the extreme generator (20). Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que des moyens unidirectionnels, avantageusement constitués par un clapet à bille (26), sont interposés dans le circuit d'huile sous pression au plus près du débouché sur la paroi semi-cylindrique (17).Device according to any one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that unidirectional means, advantageously constituted by a ball valve (26), are interposed in the oil pressure circuit as close as possible to the outlet on the semi wall -cylindrical (17). Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la paroi semi-cylindrique (17) d'axe (X-X) est prolongée par deux parois (27) parallèles entre elles et à l'axe (X-X) et tangentes respectivement aux extrémités 'de cette paroi semi-cylindrique (17).Device according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the semi-cylindrical wall (17) of axis (XX) is extended by two walls (27) parallel to each other and to the axis (XX) and tangent respectively to the ends' of this semi-cylindrical wall (17). Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que les deux extrémités de la paroi semi-cylindrique (17) ou les deux parois parallèles (27) sont prolongées respectivement par des languettes (28) dont les extrémités sont séparées par une distance légèrement inférieure au diamètre du galet (7).Device according to any one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the two ends of the semi-cylindrical wall (17) or the two parallel walls (27) are extended respectively by tongues (28) whose ends are separated by a distance slightly less than the diameter of the roller (7). Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que les surfaces en mouvement relatif, ou du moins la paroi semi-cylindrique (17), sont revêtues d'un revêtement anti-friction tel que, par exemple, un dépôt électrolytique cuivreux.Device according to any one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the surfaces in relative movement, or at least the semi-cylindrical wall (17), are coated with an anti-friction coating such as, for example, a copper electroplating. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce qu'il est interposé, entre le galet (7) et la partie menante, une coquille métallique semi-cylindrique mince (29) en matériau anti-friction prenant appui sur la paroi semi-cylindrique (17) de la cavité (16), un passage d'huile (30) étant prévu à travers la coquille (29).Device according to any one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it is interposed, between the roller (7) and the driving part, a thin semi-cylindrical metal shell (29) made of anti-friction material resting on the semi-cylindrical wall (17) of the cavity (16), an oil passage (30) being provided through the shell (29). Dispositif selon les revendications 3 et 8, caractérisé en ce que la gorge transversale (21) est aménagée dans la coquille (29), le passage d'huile (30) aboutissant à cette gorge (21).Device according to claims 3 and 8, characterized in that the transverse groove (21) is arranged in the shell (29), the oil passage (30) leading to this groove (21). Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que le galet (7) est creux et percé, de part en part, d'un trou axial (32) de diamètre suffisamment faible pour empêcher toute déformation permanente du galet (7). mais suffisamment grand pour permettre la déformation élastique du galet (7) au contact de la came (9).Device according to any one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the roller (7) is hollow and pierced right through with an axial hole (32) of sufficiently small diameter to prevent any permanent deformation of the roller (7). but large enough to allow elastic deformation of the roller (7) in contact with the cam (9). Dispositif selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que le diamètre intérieur (Di) du galet creux (7) est de l'ordre de 70 % de diamètre extérieur (De) de ce galet (7).Device according to claim 10, characterized in that the internal diameter (Di) of the hollow roller (7) is of the order of 70% of external diameter (De) of this roller (7). Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 10 et 11, caractérisé en ce qu'une entretoise cylindrique circulaire (33), de diamètre extérieur inférieur au diamètre intérieur (Di) du galet creux (7), est montée dans l'axe (X-X) de la paroi semi-cylindrique (17) solidairement avec les deux flasques latéraux (18).Device according to one of claims 10 and 11, characterized in that a circular cylindrical spacer (33), with an outside diameter less than the inside diameter (Di) of the hollow roller (7), is mounted in the axis (XX) of the semi-cylindrical wall (17) integrally with the two lateral flanges (18). Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 12, caractérisé en ce que les susdits moyens transmetteurs d'efforts sont constitués par un poussoir (34) animé du même mouvement alternatif au moins approximativement rectiligne que le susdit organe mécanique (11).Device according to any one of Claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the aforesaid force-transmitting means consist of a pusher (34) driven by the same reciprocating movement at least approximately rectilinear as the above-mentioned mechanical member (11). Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 12, caractérisé en ce que les susdits moyens transmetteurs d'efforts sont constitués par un culbuteur (2) oscillant autour d'un axe (3) parallèle à l'axe géométrique (X-X) du galet (7).Device according to any one of Claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the aforesaid force-transmitting means consist of a rocker arm (2) oscillating around an axis (3) parallel to the geometric axis (XX) of the roller (7). Dispositif selon la revendication 14, caractérisé en ce que la susdite arrivée d'huile sous pression (19) est essentiellement constituée par un canal (22) ménagé dans le corps du culbuteur (2) et communiquant avec le circuit d'alimentation en huile par l'intermédiaire d'une gorge périphérique (23) de l'axe (3), d'un passage radial (24) ménagé dans l'axe (3) et d'un canal (25) percé longitudinalement dans l'axe (3).Device according to claim 14, characterized in that the above-mentioned arrival of pressurized oil (19) essentially consists of a channel (22) formed in the body of the rocker arm (2) and communicating with the oil supply circuit via a peripheral groove (23) of the axis (3), a radial passage (24) formed in the axis (3) and a channel ( 25) drilled longitudinally in the axis (3).
EP91401298A 1990-06-08 1991-05-21 Drive mechanism having a camshaft and force transmission means with roller Expired - Lifetime EP0460988B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9007161A FR2663091B1 (en) 1990-06-08 1990-06-08 CONTROL DEVICE BY CAMSHAFT AND ROLLER EFFORT TRANSMITTERS.
FR9007161 1990-06-08

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0460988A1 true EP0460988A1 (en) 1991-12-11
EP0460988B1 EP0460988B1 (en) 1995-03-01

Family

ID=9397422

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91401298A Expired - Lifetime EP0460988B1 (en) 1990-06-08 1991-05-21 Drive mechanism having a camshaft and force transmission means with roller

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US5186130A (en)
EP (1) EP0460988B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH05106410A (en)
DE (1) DE69107687T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2069235T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2663091B1 (en)

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WO2008052874A1 (en) * 2006-10-31 2008-05-08 Schaeffler Kg Valve train lever for a combustion engine
WO2014063690A1 (en) * 2012-10-24 2014-05-01 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Lever-like cam follower
EP2947285A1 (en) * 2014-05-22 2015-11-25 Aktiebolaget SKF Mechanical system forming a cam follower or a rocker arm, including an inner cavity adapted to contain an oil bath

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WO1997002409A1 (en) * 1995-07-04 1997-01-23 Ina Wälzlager Schaeffler Kg Cam-follower for an internal combustion engine valve gear mechanism
WO2008037524A1 (en) * 2006-09-28 2008-04-03 Robert Bosch Gmbh Tappet assembly for a high-pressure pump and high-pressure pump comprising at least one tappet assembly
WO2008052874A1 (en) * 2006-10-31 2008-05-08 Schaeffler Kg Valve train lever for a combustion engine
WO2014063690A1 (en) * 2012-10-24 2014-05-01 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Lever-like cam follower
EP2947285A1 (en) * 2014-05-22 2015-11-25 Aktiebolaget SKF Mechanical system forming a cam follower or a rocker arm, including an inner cavity adapted to contain an oil bath
US9441722B2 (en) 2014-05-22 2016-09-13 Aktiebolaget Skf Mechanical system forming a cam follower or a rocker arm, including an inner cavity adapted to contain an oil bath

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2069235T3 (en) 1995-05-01
EP0460988B1 (en) 1995-03-01
US5186130A (en) 1993-02-16
FR2663091A1 (en) 1991-12-13
DE69107687T2 (en) 1995-06-29
FR2663091B1 (en) 1995-02-17
DE69107687D1 (en) 1995-04-06
JPH05106410A (en) 1993-04-27

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