EP0459667B1 - Alimenteur de matériau en forme de feuille - Google Patents

Alimenteur de matériau en forme de feuille Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0459667B1
EP0459667B1 EP19910304436 EP91304436A EP0459667B1 EP 0459667 B1 EP0459667 B1 EP 0459667B1 EP 19910304436 EP19910304436 EP 19910304436 EP 91304436 A EP91304436 A EP 91304436A EP 0459667 B1 EP0459667 B1 EP 0459667B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sheet
resilient member
support member
sheet material
stack
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19910304436
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0459667A1 (fr
Inventor
Thomas E. Bieber
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bell and Howell LLC
Original Assignee
Bowe Bell and Howell Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bowe Bell and Howell Co filed Critical Bowe Bell and Howell Co
Publication of EP0459667A1 publication Critical patent/EP0459667A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0459667B1 publication Critical patent/EP0459667B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H3/00—Separating articles from piles
    • B65H3/02—Separating articles from piles using friction forces between articles and separator
    • B65H3/04—Endless-belt separators
    • B65H3/042—Endless-belt separators separating from the bottom of the pile
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H3/00—Separating articles from piles
    • B65H3/46—Supplementary devices or measures to assist separation or prevent double feed

Definitions

  • This invention relates generally to sheetfeeders, and more specifically to feeders which feed one article at a time from the bottom of a stack of sheet articles.
  • Sheet feeders which feed from the bottom of a stack often employ endless feed belts having a feeding surface contacting the bottom face of the lowermost sheet to thereby drive the sheet substantially in and along its plane from beneath the stack.
  • Such sheet feeders commonly employ a restraining mechanism to prevent all but the lowermost sheet from being passed therethrough.
  • Prior art feeders for singulating and feeding individual sheets from the bottom of a stack have employed a variety of restrainer or retarder mechanisms to prevent all but the lowermost sheet to be fed. Such feeders are, for example, shown in the following U.S.Patents.
  • Rouan U.S.Patent No. 2,273,288 discloses an adjustable separator for stripping letters from the bottom of a stack. Adjustment facilitates substantially constant tension whilst the separator yields as letters of varying thickness pass therebeneath.
  • Kramell et al U.S. Patent No. 3,895,791 discloses a bottom sheet feeder comprising a separation belt and a retard pad that is biased against the belt to bow the belt down.
  • Strobel U.S. Patent No. 3,934,869 shows a sheet separating and feeding apparatus including a feed belt adapted for frictional engagement with retard means 38.
  • Similar devices are also shown by Godlewski and by Larson in U.S.Patent Nos. 4,666,140 and 4,555,103, respectively.
  • German Patent Specification DE 3508981 A1 sheets are removed from the bottom of a stack by a driven resilient endless transport band and pass through a gap defined between the band and one or more rollers.
  • the transport band has a number of ribs extending along the length of the band and separated by grooves and the gap-defining rollers are located opposite the grooves.
  • a sheet separating device in Japanese Patent Specification JP-A-602E538 (see Patent Abstracts of Japan Vol. 9 No. 149 (M-390) [1872]) includes a transport roller and a separation roller each in the form of a disc with a peripheral flange made of resilient material.
  • the flanges of the two rollers engage opposite sides of the sheet at axially-spaced positions and overlap in the radial direction to cause the formation of a bend or wave in the sheet.
  • the flexing of the edges of the flanges where the sheet passes between them reduces the degree of radial overlap.
  • the sheet feeder of the present invention particularly obviates difficulties of the aforementioned kind and provides reliable singulating and feeding of sheet material from the bottom of a stack in high speed operation and for sheets that can vary significantly in properties as well as size.
  • the instant sheet feeder tolerates substantial misalignments of individual sheets (including skew) without misfeeding and without the need for adjustments to accomodate different and mixed different sheet materials in uninterrupted operation. These characteristics provide significant operating and cost advantages not heretofore provided.
  • An important feature of one aspect of the invention is the provision of an improved sheet feeder and an improved method of singulating and feeding sheets of different and mixed properties and sizes from the bottom of a stack disposed in a hopper.
  • the feeder includes means for urging sheets in the stack toward a singulating exit region and means for feeding a lowermost sheet from the stack through a restrainer device, wherein the restrainer device restrains all but the lowermost sheet from feeding out from the hopper by virtue of transversely, resiliently corrugating the lowermost sheet while it passes through the restrainer device.
  • the restrainer device comprises a resilient member supported along a portion of an inner surface thereof on a support member and having an unsupported lateral overhang extending beyond the support member. Facing the outer surface of the resilient member in the region of the lateral overhang is an urging surface of a guide member.
  • the spacing between the urging surface and the surface of the support member in a general direction normal to these surfaces is set to be the sum of the thickness of the resilient member between its inner and outer surfaces plus, at most, a distance that is less than the thickness of the thinnest sheet material operatively handled.
  • a lowermost sheet is fed from the stack between the outer surface of the resilient member and the urging surface to resiliently deflect the lateral overhang portion of the resilient member in order to pass through.
  • at least a portion of the lowermost sheet is transversely, resiliently corrugated or bowed while passing through the restrainer device. Effects of this corrugation, particularly lifting effects on sheets overlaying the lowermost sheet and especially in leading edge regions of these sheets, assist and enhance restraining effects of the restraining device to reliably avoid misfeeds of sheets, even if sheets of different and mixed properties and sizes are fed.
  • the restrainer device comprises two feed rollers.
  • Each feed roller is disposed in juxtaposition to a guide member.
  • the feed roller's outer periphery is spaced from the guide member by a gap that is preset to approximately correspond to (or to somewhat less than) the thickness of operatively-handled sheet material.
  • the guide member's surface that is in juxtaposition to the feed roller's periphery is tangent to a plane that is disposed beneath and parallel to the sheet feeding plane, the sheet feeding plane being defined as the plane of the lowermost sheet in the hopper stack.
  • the resilient member is laterally spaced in relation to the feed rollers and has its upper, outer surface disposed approximately in the sheet-feeding plane.
  • a lowermost sheet is fed from the stack, being carried on the resilient member, and further through the gap between the feed roller and the guide member.
  • the lowermost sheet is transversely, resiliently corrugated or bowed while passing through the restrainer device. Effects of this corrugation are as in the first embodiment.
  • the sheet feeder of the invention is particularly useful in feeding of paper sheets, such as individual paper sheets (plain or folded), signatures, envelopes, brochures, booklets, and the like.
  • the feeder is also advantageous in the feeding of cards and card booklets, and cardboard, and it can handle still more rigid sheet materials, for instance plastic and metal sheets, and the like.
  • a sheet feeder 10 comprising a hopper 12, a belt drive mechanism 14, a restraining mechanism 16, and a fragmentally-indicated mounting structure 18. Additionally shown here is a driven pair of nip rollers 20 for further transporting of sheets delivered thereto from feeder 10. Further defined here is a singulating plane 21 which is oriented substantially perpendicularly with respect to the bottom plane of hopper 12 and orthogonally to plane 25 of FIG. 1, which extends generally through the middle of restraining mechanism 16.
  • Hopper 12 holds a sheet stack 22 including a lowermost sheet 24.
  • Sheet feeding plane 25 is indicated on the right side.
  • a singulating exit region 23 is designated as the general sheet exit region (at the left side of hopper 12) about in the middle of the restraining mechanism 16 in the region of singulating plane 21.
  • Lowermost sheet 24 is substantially disposed in sheet feeding plane 25.
  • Disposed at the front end (left end) of hopper 12 is a barrier wall 26 and, further frontwardly, the restraining mechanism 16 comprising a stationary guide member 28 (here shown in form of a cylindrical body).
  • Guide member 28 includes an urging surface 30 represented by a downwardly and rightwardly facing portion of the guide member's periphery. The rightwardly facing portion is designated as a first portion 32 and the downwardly facing portion is designated as a second portion 34.
  • Restraining mechanism 16 further comprises a support member 36 and a resilient member 38 supported thereon.
  • Support member 36 and resilient member 38 are shown here in the form of a revolving pulley and an endless belt, respectively -- both also comprised in belt drive mechanism 14.
  • Belt drive mechanism 14 further includes a plurality of pulleys carrying resilient member 38 in the form of an endless flat belt. At least one of the pulleys is motor-driven so that resilient member 38 moves in the direction of arrow 40. Also comprised in belt drive mechanism 14 is an adjustable idler roller 42 that is borne freely revolvably upon an eccentrically mounted boss. Roller 42 can be adjusted to lift or lower the thereupon carried portion of the endless belt by angular adjustment of the eccentric boss.
  • FIG. 3 represents an enlarged portion of a section substantially through singulating plane 21.
  • support member 36 includes a support surface 44 that has a supporting edge region 46 at least on one side thereof for supporting resilient member 38.
  • Resilient member 38 has an outer surface 48 and an inner surface 50. Inner surface 50 contacts support surface 44 at least in a supporting edge region 46.
  • Resilient member 38 overhangs laterally over the side of support member 36 by a lateral overhang 52.
  • Second portion 34 of urging surface 30 (of guide member 28) has an urging edge region 54 on one side thereof. In urging edge region 54, second portion 34 of urging surface 30 faces outer surface 48, thusly forming an overlap 56 over a portion of the lateral overhang 52 of resilient member 38.
  • FIG. 3 Also indicated in FIG. 3 is a portion of a sheet 58 as it is being fed between guide member 28 and resilient member 38 through restraining mechanism 16.
  • a pair of guide members 28 is shown, each guide member being disposed symmetrically on lateral sides of resilient member 38 in mirror-image manner mirrored with respect to a center plane 59.
  • Additional belt drive means 60 supports sheets fed by the feeder. It should be noted that additional belt drive means 60 can be replaced by low-friction stationary guide surfaces for lateral support of fed sheets.
  • a typical sheet 62, fed between guide members 28 and resilient member 38, is indicated by a dotted line. It will be appreciated, also in view of FIG. 3, that sheets are slightly-transversely, resiliently corrugated, bowed, or waved slightly out of the sheet feeding plane 25 while being fed through restraining mechanism 16, as indicated here by typical sheet 62.
  • resilient member 38 can be a plain endless flat belt or a flat timing belt having teeth along its inner surface to engage corresponding grooves or teeth in the periphery of the belt-carrying pulleys.
  • Conventional belts having appropriate resiliently elastic properties have been found adequate for purposes of this invention.
  • a preferred material for surface 30 is polyurethane of 83 Shore A Durometer hardness.
  • sheet stack 22 is urged toward singulating plane 21 by the feeding motion of resilient member 38 (being a driven endless belt) upon which stack 22 is at least partially supported in hopper 22. Leading edges of all sheets but the lowermost sheet 24 impact on barrier wall 26 or on guide member 28 and are stopped thereby.
  • the lowermost sheet 24 continues to be fed by resilient member 38 into the singulating exit region 23 between guide member 28 and resilient member 38.
  • resilient member 38 As lowermost sheet 24 is nipped therebetween, it is slightly-transversely, resiliently corrugated at least in the region of singulating exit region 23 by virtue of the structural relationships between members 28 and 38 (as particularly illustrated in FIG. 3).
  • next one or two or more sheets in the stack have their leading ends slightly lifted up.
  • the lowermost sheet is partially separated by the corrugation from the next sheet, which results in a significant reduction of friction therebetween.
  • the corrugated sheet is now delivered to further equipment, for instance via nip rollers 20.
  • a thusly-delivered sheet can be sensed in order to temporarily stop belt drive mechanism 14 until the delivered sheet has passed on some desired distance, when the belt drive mechanism is again energized to feed the next sheet. Spacing between successively delivered sheets can be thusly changed as desired.
  • the sheet corrugating operation can be best appreciated in view of FIG. 3.
  • a lowermost sheet is fed from the bottom of sheet stack 22 upon resilient member 38, the leading edge of the sheet is forced under guide member 28 and the sheet slides therealong while it is fed.
  • the spacing provided between supporting edge region 46 (of support member 36) and urging-edge region 54 (of guide member 28) is such that a sheet fed upon resilient member 38 resiliently deflects lateral overhang 52 while the sheet is slightly squeezed or nipped in the region of overlap 56 between urging-edge region 54 and the portion of the outer surface 48 (of resilient member 38) disposed in a deflected portion of lateral overhang 52.
  • first plane 63 that is substantially parallel to sheet feeding plane 25 and that is tangent to urging surface 30 in the region of singulating plane 21; and, a second plane 65 that is parallel to first plane 63 and that is tangent to the support surface 44 at least in the supporting edge region 46 in the region of singulating plane 21.
  • first and second planes are preferably spaced apart by a distance that is less than the sum of the thickness of the resilient member 38 plus the smallest thickness of sheet material that is to be operatively moved through the singulator region.
  • a gap of about .025 mm (.001 inch) between the outer surface 48 (of a relaxed resilient member 38 in absence of a sheet) and the urging surface (30) facilitates reliable feeding and singulating of sheets with thicknesses in the approximate range of about .05 to .46mm (.002 to .018 inches) and thicker without readjustment.
  • This gap can be further reduced to become an interference; for instance, an interference (negative gap) of 0.25mm (0.010 inches) will still provide for reliable feeding of sheets in the aforementioned thicknesses.
  • an interference has been found advantageous, but not essential, when sheet material of particularly unusual or troublesome surface characteristics is used.
  • a gap of 0.25mm (.010 inches) reliably handles most customary sheet materials.
  • a preferred length for overhang 52 to handle most customary sheet materials is in the range of about 3.2mm (1/8 of an inch) or more, and not substantially less than about 1.6mm (1/16 of an inch). It will be appreciated that overlap 56 is always less than overhang 52.
  • a preferred length for lateral overlap 56, also to handle more customary sheet materials, is about 1.6mm (1/16 of an inch) or more.
  • Hopper 12 shown in FIG. 1 need not be oriented horizontally but can be tilted downwardly toward singulating plane 21 (from right to left). It has been found that a tilt of up to about 30 degrees does not significantly affect operation. Moreover, operation at a greater tilt is feasible by appropriate adjustments of structural component relationships.
  • support surface 44 can be in a variety of shapes. In this respect, for instance when support member 36 is a pulley, it can have a cylindrical shape, a crowned, barrel shape, and the like.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates these two components one above the other generally disposed in singulating plane 21
  • guide member 28 (together with barrier wall 26) can be located some small distance upstream so that it is no longer disposed directly above the center line of support member 36.
  • a restraining mechanism 66 comprising guide member 28 (the same or similar as shown in FIGS.1-3) and a resilient member 68 in form of a sleeve borne about the periphery of a support member 76, wherein support member 76 is a driven roller.
  • Support member 76 is substantially similar to support member 36 of FIGS.1-3.
  • the portion of a belt drive mechanism 78 disposed in the vicinity of support member 76 is shown here to include a revolving pulley 80 and an endless flat belt 82 that is driven in the direction of arrow 83.
  • belt drive mechanism 78 differs only insignificantly from belt drive mechanism 14 (FIG. 1).
  • belt drive mechanism 78 now extends leftwardly for a shorter distance and does not include a portion of restraining mechanism 66 (16 in FIG. 1). Sheets are fed (substantially in sheet feeding plane 25) from the hopper upon the top of endless flat belt 82 to and through the nip between resilient member 68 and guide member 28. Support member 76 is driven to provide the same outer surface speed for belt 82 and resilient member 68.
  • FIG. 4 is similar or identical to the embodiment illustrated in and described in conjunction with FIGS. 1-3. Particularly also FIG. 3 and the description presented therewith is equally applicable.
  • a restraining mechanism 86 comprising guide member 28 (the same or similar as shown in FIGS. 1-3) and resilient member 38 substantially the same as in FIGS. 1-3.
  • the only significantly different component being a support member 88 in form of a stationary slide block adapted to facilitate sliding thereover of resilient member 38 in the driven direction indicated by arrow 40.
  • the slide block of support member 88 is made preferably of a low friction material, such as for instance given by Delrin, Teflon, and the like, but can be made of other materials too.
  • Support member 88 in sectional view of its upper portion (together with guide member 28 and resilient member 38) is substantially identical to support member 36 in the depiction in FIG. 3, and the description presented in conjunction therewith is equally applicable.
  • a restraining mechanism 89 is provided comprising guide member 28, support member 89A, and resilient member 89C (in the form of an endless belt). Resilient member 89C is carried by pulley 89B (and at least one other pulley not shown here) and is driven in the direction of arrow 40. Support member 89A is provided in the form of a stationary slide block adapted to facilitate sliding thereover of resilient member 89C. In all other respects and in function, restraining mechanism 89 is similar or identical to the mechanism shown in FIG. 5, and the description given in conjunction therewith is equally applicable.
  • FIGS. 5 and 5A are similar or identical to the embodiment illustrated in and described in conjunction with FIGS. 1-3.
  • a mounting arrangement 90 for mounting guide member 28 to mounting structure 18 of a sheet feeder includes a bracket 92, means for adjusting the vertical position of guide member 28, and means for spring-loading guide member 28 downwardly. As indicated, the arrangement is disposed generally in singulating plane 21 having the lowermost portion of guide member 28 disposed in the general proximity of sheet feeding plane 25. Bracket 92 is rigidly mounted to structure 18 (and can be also or alternately attached to barrier wall 26) by conventional means not shown.
  • a boss 94 having an adjustment knob 95 extends vertically adjustably (for instance screw-threadedly) through a hole in bracket 92.
  • a block 96 is borne on boss 94 vertically slideably and is irrotationally guided.
  • a stop collar 97 is affixed to the lower end of boss 94.
  • a compression spring 98 is threaded over boss 94 and extends between bracket 92 and block 96 in preloaded manner so that block 96 is forced downwardly against stop collar 97.
  • Guide member 28 is attached to block 96. The vertical position of block 96 and therewith of guide member 28 can be adjusted, for instance, by turning of knob 95.
  • guide member 28 can move upwardly from an adjusted position against the spring-loading of spring 98. This latter effect is utilized, for example, when a thick sheet material article is fed beneath guide member 28 such that the resilient elastic properties of resilient member 38 in the arrangements of the restraining mechanism for instance (as shown in FIGS. 1-5) are inadequate to provide commensurate resilient give. It has been found, however, that spring-loading by spring 98 is not required for proper normal operation of the feeder when the properties of fed sheet materials (for instance thicknesses) do not grossly vary during a particular run. Therefore, in such an embodiment, spring 98 is omitted and guide member 28 is adjusted by adjustment means (knob 95, boss94) to a substantially fixed position to suit a relatively wide range of particular sheet thicknesses handled.
  • adjustment means knob 95, boss94
  • guide member 28 can be mounted in an angularly-adjustable cantilever mechanism.
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 two further examples of slightly differing embodiments to the ones discussed hereinbefore are illustrated. The differences will be appreciated particularly also in view of the depiction in FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 7 includes two support members 36 (each carrying a resilient member 38) and each of the two guide members 28 overlap the respective resilient member at a laterally-opposite side.
  • the arrangement is substantially symmetrical again about center plane 59. In other respects this arrangement is substantially identical to the embodiment depicted in FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 3 and the description given in conjunction therewith is similarly applicable to the embodiment of FIG. 7.
  • FIG. 8 also includes two support members 36 (each carrying a resilient member 38) and each of the two guide members 28 overlap the respective resilient member at a laterally opposite side (albeit different sides to the ones of FIG. 7).
  • the arrangement is substantially symmetrical again about center plane 59. In other respects this arrangement is also substantially identical to the embodiment depicted in FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 3 and the description given in conjunction therewith is similarly also applicable to the embodiment of FIG. 8.
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 show symmetrical arrangements (with respect to center line 59) of preferred embodiments, it should be understood that the arrangements' symmetry is adopted here for the sake of convenience, rather than to imply a structural limitation. It will be appreciated that an appropriate asymmetrical layout of the components can function equally well.

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Claims (6)

  1. Alimentateur (10) de matières en feuille destiné à alimenter une matière en feuille prise dans une pile (22) de matière en feuille, cet appareil comprenant des moyens récepteurs (12) destinés à recevoir la pile, des moyens de sollicitation (14) servant à faire avancer la feuille extrême inférieure (24) prise dans la pile, et des moyens de courbure des feuilles, comprenant une paire de guides (28) destinés à attaquer une face de la feuille (24), les guides de la paire (28) étant espacés dans une direction transversale à la direction d'avance de la feuille (24) et des moyens coopérants (36, 38) servant à attaquer l'autre face de la feuille, caractérisé en ce que les moyens coopérants comprennent au moins un élément élastique (38) supporté par un élément support correspondant (36) et ayant une partie en porte-à-faux (52) qui s'étend latéralement au-delà du côté de l'élément support (36), chacun des guides (28) étant disposé latéralement dans une position telle qu'une région de bord (54) forme un recouvrement (56) sur une partie extérieure d'une partie en porte-à-faux latérale (52) d'un élément élastique.
  2. Alimentateur de matières en feuille selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les régions de bord (54) des guides (28) recouvrent des parties extérieures (56) des parties en porte-à-faux (52) d'un unique élément élastique (38) qui se prolonge latéralement au-delà des deux côtés de l'élément support correspondant.
  3. Alimentateur de matières en feuille selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les moyens coopérants (36, 38) sont agencés pour attaquer la feuille dans la zone comprise entre les guides (28).
  4. Alimentateur de matières en feuille selon une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que l'élément élastique ou chaque élément élastique (38) est une courroie qui fait partie des moyens de sollicitation.
  5. Alimentateur de matières en feuille selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que l'élément support ou chaque élément support (36) est un rouleau.
  6. Alimentateur de matières en feuille selon la revendication 1, 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que l'élément support ou chaque élément support est un rouleau entraîné.
EP19910304436 1990-05-17 1991-05-17 Alimenteur de matériau en forme de feuille Expired - Lifetime EP0459667B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US659270 1984-10-10
US52456390A 1990-05-17 1990-05-17
US524563 1990-05-17
US65927091A 1991-02-22 1991-02-22

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EP0459667A1 EP0459667A1 (fr) 1991-12-04
EP0459667B1 true EP0459667B1 (fr) 1994-11-17

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JP (1) JP2664555B2 (fr)
DE (1) DE69105165T2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB9505502D0 (en) * 1995-03-18 1995-05-03 Watkiss Automation Ltd Methods of and apparatus for feeding sheet material
GB0010366D0 (en) 2000-04-29 2000-06-14 Watkiss Automation Ltd Methods of and apparatus for feeding sheets of material
JP5821549B2 (ja) * 2011-11-10 2015-11-24 沖電気工業株式会社 媒体分離繰出し機構

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL6900533A (fr) * 1969-01-13 1970-07-15
JPS55164239U (fr) * 1979-05-14 1980-11-26
CA1127193A (fr) * 1979-10-03 1982-07-06 John A. Long Desempileur de feuilles
JPS61174085A (ja) * 1985-01-28 1986-08-05 株式会社日立製作所 エレベ−タの戸の案内装置

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DE69105165T2 (de) 1995-04-13
JP2664555B2 (ja) 1997-10-15
EP0459667A1 (fr) 1991-12-04
JPH04226224A (ja) 1992-08-14
DE69105165D1 (de) 1994-12-22

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