EP0455041A1 - Device for pressing of a substrate-treating-tool - Google Patents

Device for pressing of a substrate-treating-tool Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0455041A1
EP0455041A1 EP91106029A EP91106029A EP0455041A1 EP 0455041 A1 EP0455041 A1 EP 0455041A1 EP 91106029 A EP91106029 A EP 91106029A EP 91106029 A EP91106029 A EP 91106029A EP 0455041 A1 EP0455041 A1 EP 0455041A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
knife
hub
forces
cutting
pressing
Prior art date
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Granted
Application number
EP91106029A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0455041B1 (en
Inventor
Georg Emich
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Maschinenfabrik Goebel GmbH
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Maschinenfabrik Goebel GmbH
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Publication of EP0455041A1 publication Critical patent/EP0455041A1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D7/00—Details of apparatus for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
    • B26D7/26—Means for mounting or adjusting the cutting member; Means for adjusting the stroke of the cutting member
    • B26D7/2614—Means for mounting the cutting member
    • B26D7/2621—Means for mounting the cutting member for circular cutters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T83/00—Cutting
    • Y10T83/768—Rotatable disc tool pair or tool and carrier
    • Y10T83/7809—Tool pair comprises rotatable tools
    • Y10T83/7813—Tool pair elements angularly related
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T83/00—Cutting
    • Y10T83/768—Rotatable disc tool pair or tool and carrier
    • Y10T83/7809—Tool pair comprises rotatable tools
    • Y10T83/783—Tool pair comprises contacting overlapped discs
    • Y10T83/7834—With means to effect axial pressure on pair

Definitions

  • the proposed device relates to the pressing of a substrate processing tool, in particular a mostly circular knife for processing web-shaped or sheet-shaped substrates made of paper, film, fabrics, metals, plastics or the like against a further device interacting with the tool.
  • Devices of the aforementioned type are usually used to process relatively wide webs in their running direction, for example to cut into substantially narrower strips, to perforate or the like. After the processing operation, the strips obtained run to a further processing machine.
  • the processing tool used works together with a correspondingly designed counter-tool, such as, for example, the processing tool designed as an upper knife with an essentially circular outer contour with a corresponding lower knife.
  • the substrate it is also possible for the substrate to be processed, for example a sheet of paper, to partially wrap around a rotatably mounted revolving cylinder, at least one upper knife pressing the substrate against the cylinder in such a way that the substrate is divided in the process.
  • German utility model 18 41 256 for example, in which the knives are pressed against the corresponding counter knives by using so-called round cord springs.
  • Another device is known for example from German Patent 697 108, in which the knife is mounted on an auxiliary hub, the auxiliary hub being able to be pivoted with respect to the main hub with spring forces.
  • This device also contains relatively large masses involved, so that it is not possible with this device that the knife can follow the cutting point even at today's high running speeds and correspondingly high-frequency changes of bends and relaxation of the knife, which leads to a cutting result that promises poor quality.
  • a device is now to be created in which, even at high running speeds of the substrate to be processed, the pressure of the one processing tool against its counter-tool can be selected, and this pressure is subject to as little interference as possible during operation of the device, so that a satisfactory Cutting result even at today's running speeds of the substrate.
  • non-mechanical means are used to press the processing tools.
  • magnets can be inserted into the support device of a knife in its axial direction, wherein the support device can also be a hub, for example one made of non-magnetic material.
  • a disc, a cover or the like made of magnetic material can be attached coaxially to this hub.
  • the proposed solution makes it possible to take into account the high-frequency load changes at the cutting point in that the machining tool or at least its part that vibrates during the machining process has as little mass as possible.
  • there are no disturbing influences when applying the forces necessary for the machining process as can occur, for example, due to friction forces that cannot be precisely controlled.
  • inhomogeneities of the materials from which the machining tools are made and their effects which are detrimental to the machining process are prevented as far as possible.
  • the cutting device has an upper knife 3 and a lower knife 4.
  • Several such pairs of knives can be arranged one behind the other in the viewing direction of FIG.
  • the upper knife 3 is rotatably supported by a shaft 5 and the lower knife 4 by a shaft 6. This can be done in that either the shafts 5 and 6 extend over the entire width of the web 2 to be cut in strip 1 and are rotatably mounted in a machine frame, not shown.
  • the knives it is also possible to rotatably mount the knives, often only the upper knives, in a separate holder, this holder being fastened to the frame of the machine.
  • the upper knife 3 and the lower knife 4 are assigned to each other at an angle, so that in the top view According to Figure 2, an angle 7 is formed between the upper and lower knives, so that - at least in his theory - a point 8 is formed at which the upper and lower knives are in contact with one another.
  • the point 8 is the so-called cutting point, which, however, in reality does not represent a point in the mathematical sense, since the machine parts 3 and 4 involved are slightly flattened by the forces acting on the knives.
  • the forces on the lower knife act, for example, in the direction of arrow 9, while the forces acting on the upper knife 3 act in the direction of arrow 10, so that they act against one another at the cutting point 8. In this way, a scissor-like cut is created which, because of the forces and the elasticity of the knives, results in a small cutting surface like a pair of scissors.
  • the respective knife 3 is usually held rotatably on the shaft 5 with the interposition of a hub 11 and a bearing 12. This construction method arises especially when the knife 3 is to be supported by a holder which is not rotatably fastened in the machine. If a separate holder is present, then the shaft 5 can also stand still and not be rotatably fastened in the holder.
  • the hub 11 can be composed of a hub body 13 and a cover 14 such that the cover 14 forms the seat for the knife 3.
  • Lid 14 and hub body 13 preferably form a support device and are detachably connected to one another, preferably by at least one screw 15.
  • the hub body 13 is made of a non-magnetic or non-magnetizable material such as aluminum, while the lid 14 is made of a magnetic or magnetizable material such as for electrical transformers suitable steel.
  • recesses 16 are incorporated, in which permanent magnets 17 are inserted.
  • eight recesses 16 are incorporated on the circumference of the hub body 13, so that up to eight permanent magnets can be placed in these recesses.
  • a disc 18 covering the recesses 16 can be pushed onto the hub body 13. If the disk 18 additionally consists of a magnetic or magnetizable material, such as steel or steels suitable for electrical transformers, then the forces exerted on the upper knife 3 by the permanent magnets 17 are further increased.
  • the cover 14 can consist of such steels which are common in electrical transformer construction, but such a steel can also be used which can be hardened, for example also hardened in use, so that a seat with little wear for the knife 3 results.
  • This seat can consist of a shoulder 19 worked on the cover 14, so that a groove 20 for receiving and holding the upper knife 3 is formed in the fully assembled state. This groove is usually often wider than the upper knife 3, so that the upper knife 3 can adjust itself to the current cutting conditions within certain limits.
  • the permanent magnets can be of a commercially available type. The effect that the permanent magnets 17 exert on the upper knife 3 occurs essentially in the direction of the geometric axis of the shaft 5 and thus also of the hub 11 and is not mechanical.
  • the upper knife 3 is exposed to non-mechanical forces which dampen or even prevent the upper knife 3 from oscillating or vibrating, so that the upper knife 3 runs smoothly at very high speeds at the cutting point 8 relative to the lower knife 4.
  • This processes the substrate to be processed in such a way that the processing process is of good quality.
  • the machining can consist, for example, of slitting, but also, for example, of longitudinal perforations or any other machining operation. If the disc 18 ceases, there is less force acting on the upper knife 3, so that its overall effect is less than when the disc is used. Since the available space for the magnets is limited, the disk 18 thus has an increasing effect.
  • electromagnets can also be used, for which purpose it is necessary to supply electrical current to these magnets in a suitable manner, for example in that electrical sliding contacts 13 are provided on the circumference of the hub body.
  • this possibility requires even more effort, in particular because the hubs and the knives must remain accessible to the operator, since these knives must be replaced when they have become dull after a long period of operation.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)
  • Nonmetal Cutting Devices (AREA)
  • Details Of Cutting Devices (AREA)

Abstract

To permit the pressing of circular cutters even at high running speeds, the tools are pressed against one another by non-mechanical means.

Description

Die vorgeschlagene Einrichtung bezieht sich auf das Andrücken eines Substratbearbeitungswerkzeuges, insbesondere eines meist kreisförmigen Messers zum Bearbeiten von bahn- oder bogenförmigen aus Papier, Folie, Geweben, Metallen, Kunststoffen od. dgl. bestehenden Substraten gegen eine mit dem Werkzeug zusammenwirkende weitere Einrichtung.The proposed device relates to the pressing of a substrate processing tool, in particular a mostly circular knife for processing web-shaped or sheet-shaped substrates made of paper, film, fabrics, metals, plastics or the like against a further device interacting with the tool.

Einrichtungen der vorgenannten Art werden üblicherweise dazu verwendet, um relativ breite Bahnen in deren Laufrichtung zu bearbeiten, beispielsweise in im wesentlichen schmalere Streifen zu schneiden, zu perforieren od. dgl. Nach dem Bearbeitungsvorgang laufen die erzielten Streifen einer weiteren Verarbeitungsmaschine zu. In vielen Fällen arbeitet das benutzte Bearbeitungswerkzeug mit einem entsprechend gestalteten Gegenwerkzeug zusammen wie beispielsweise das als Obermesser ausgebildete Bearbeitungswerkzeug mit im wesentlichen kreisförmiger Außenkontur mit einem entsprechenden Untermesser. Es ist jedoch ebenfalls möglich, daß das zu bearbeitende Substrat, beispielsweise eine Bahn aus Papier, einen drehbar gelagerten umlaufenden Zylinder teilweise umschlingt, wobei mindestens ein Obermesser das Substrat derart gegen den Zylinder andrückt, daß das Substrat dabei geteilt wird. Während des jeweiligen Bearbeitungsvorganges ist es notwendig, daß die an dem Bearbeitungsvorgang beteiligten Werkzeuge gut miteinander zusammenwirken, so daß ein gewünschtes Ergebnis des Bearbeitungsvorganges mit gewünschter Güte erzielt werden kann. Wenn beispielsweise bei einem sog. Scherenschnitt, der mit Kreismessern erzielt wird, beipsielsweise mit einem oberen und einem unteren Kreismesser, während des Schneidvorganges die zusammenwirkenden Schneiden nicht gut miteinander zusammenwirken, dann ergeben sich bei einer Bahn aus Papier beispielsweise unsauber geschnittene Kanten, die bei einem nachfolgenden Aufwickelvorgang der geschnittenen Streifen zu Schwierigkeiten führen können. Andere Schwierigkeiten ergeben sich beim Schneiden derartiger Substrate bei höheren Laufgeschwindigkeiten der Substrate, d. h. mit zunehmender Steigerung der Drehzahl der meist drehbar gelagerten Bearbeitungswerkzeuge. Oftmals sind hierfür Unregelmäßigkeiten in der Materialbeschaffenheit der beteiligten Werkzeuge anzusehen. Dazu kommt, daß mit ein- und derselben Bearbeitungseinrichtung die verschiedensten Materialien bearbeitet werden sollen, beispielsweise mehr oder weniger dicke Bahnen aus Papier oder mehr oder weniger Bahnen aus Kunststoffolie.Devices of the aforementioned type are usually used to process relatively wide webs in their running direction, for example to cut into substantially narrower strips, to perforate or the like. After the processing operation, the strips obtained run to a further processing machine. In many cases, the processing tool used works together with a correspondingly designed counter-tool, such as, for example, the processing tool designed as an upper knife with an essentially circular outer contour with a corresponding lower knife. However, it is also possible for the substrate to be processed, for example a sheet of paper, to partially wrap around a rotatably mounted revolving cylinder, at least one upper knife pressing the substrate against the cylinder in such a way that the substrate is divided in the process. During the respective machining process, it is necessary that the tools involved in the machining process interact well with one another so that a desired result of the machining process can be achieved with the desired quality. If, for example, with a so-called scissor cut, which is achieved with circular knives, for example with an upper and a lower circular knife, the interacting cutting edges do not work well together during the cutting process, then result There are, for example, unevenly cut edges on a paper web, which can lead to difficulties in a subsequent winding operation of the cut strips. Other difficulties arise when cutting such substrates at higher running speeds of the substrates, ie with increasing increase in the speed of the machining tools, which are usually rotatably mounted. Often there are irregularities in the material properties of the tools involved. In addition, the most varied materials are to be processed with one and the same processing device, for example more or less thick webs of paper or more or less webs of plastic film.

Aus dem US-Patent 30 55 249 ist eine Schneideinrichtung mit Ober- und Untermessern vorbekannt, in der beispielsweise das Obermesser gewölbt ist, so daß es dadurch elastisch wird und damit gegen das jeweilige Untermesser gedrückt werden kann. Die Kraft, mit der das jeweilige Obermesser gegen jeweilige Untermesser drückt, kann bei dieser Einrichtung nur relativ grob, d. h. mit Hilfe der Elastizität des Obermessers eingestellt werden. Es ist nicht möglich, die einzustellende Kraft dem zu schneidenden Substrat anzupassen. Aus der deutschen Patentschrift 310 796 ist eine Einrichtung bekannt, bei der das Obermesser mit Hilfe einer Feder gegen das Untermesser gedrückt wird. Hierbei ist es möglich, durch Verwendung von wahlweise verschiedenen Federn das Obermesser verschieden stark gegen das Untermesser anzudrücken, jedoch ergeben sich hier Verfälschungen, die darauf zurückzuführen sind, daß die jeweilige Feder gegenüber dem Obermesser reibt, und Reibkräfte bekanntlich einem sog. Stick-Slip-Effekt unterliegen, d. h. daß Reibkräfte nicht genau definierbar übertragen werden können. Auf diese Weise ergeben sich keine Möglichkeiten, die Andrückkraft soweit als möglich fälschungsfrei an die entsprechende Wirkstelle zu übertragen. Dies gilt insbesondere dann, wenn die Kreismesser mit sehr hoher Drehzahl um ihre geometrische Achse gedreht werden, was an der Schneidstelle zu sehr schnell sich verändernden Kräften, beispielsweise Schneidkräften und Durchbiegungen des Kreismessers und damit zu stets wechselnden Reibungskräften der Feder führt, insbesondere wenn die zu bearbeitenden Substrate mit schneller Laufgeschwindigkeit bearbeitet werden sollen. Analoges gilt für Einrichtungen wie sie beispielsweise aus dem deutschen Gebrauchsmuster 18 41 256 vorbekannt sind, bei denen die Messer gegen die entsprechenden Gegenmesser durch Verwendung von sog. Rundschnurfedern angedrückt werden. Eine weitere Einrichtung ist beispielsweise aus dem deutschen Patent 697 108 vorbekannt, bei der das Messer auf einer Hilfsnabe gelagert ist, wobei die Hilfsnabe gegenüber der Hauptnabe mit Federkräften verschwenkt werden kann. Diese Einrichtung enthält zudem noch relatv große beteiligte Massen, so daß es mit dieser Einrichtung nicht möglich ist, daß das Messer auch bei heutigen hohen Laufgeschwindigkeiten und entsprechend hochfrequentierten Wechseln von Biegungen und Entspannungen des Messers bei Durchlauf der Schneidstelle folgen kann, was zu einem Schneidergebenis führt, das eine schlechte Qualität verspricht. In Anbetracht der vorliegenden Problematik soll nun eine Einrichtung geschaffen werden, bei der auch bei hohen Laufgeschwindigkeiten des zu bearbeitenden Substrates der Andruck des einen Bearbeitungswerkzeuges gegen sein Gegenwerkzeug gewählt werden kann und wobei dieser Andruck möglichst wenig Störungseinflüssen beim Betrieb der Einrichtung unterliegt, so daß sich ein zufriedenstellendes Schneidergebnis auch bei heutigen Laufgeschwindigkeiten des Substrates ergibt. Die Lösung der Aufgabe besteht in folgenden Merkmalen, einzeln oder in beliebiger Kombination, darin, daß nichtmechanische Mittel zum Andrücken der Bearbeitungswerkzeuge verwendet werden. Beispielsweise können in die Unterstützungseinrichtung eines Messers in deren axialer Richtung wirkende Magnete eingelegt sein, wobei die Unterstützungseinrichtung auch eine Nabe, beispielsweise eine solche aus nichtmagnetischem Material sein kann. Darüber hinaus kann auf dieser Nabe eine Scheibe, ein Deckel od. dgl. aus magnetischem Material koaxial befestigt werden. Durch die vorgeschlagene Lösung ist es möglich, den hochfrequenten Lastwechseln an der Schneidstelle dadurch Rechnung zu tragen, daß das Bearbeitungswerkzeug oder zumindest dessen während des Bearbeitungsvorganges schwingender Teil möglichst wenig Masse besitzt. Daneben entfallen Störungseinflüsse beim Aufbringen der für den Bearbeitungsvorgang notwendigen Kräfte, wie sie beispielsweise durch nicht genaue kontrollierbare Reibungskräfte auftreten können. Daneben wird Inhomogenitäten der Materialien, aus denen die Bearbeitungswerkzeuge gefertigt sind und deren für den Verarbeitungsvorgang schädlichen Auswirkungen soweit als möglich vorgebeugt. Weitere Merkmale und Vorteile ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung eines Ausführungsbeispiels, wobei die einzelnen Merkmale je einzeln für sich oder zu mehreren in beliebiger Kombination zu weiteren Ausführungsformen verwirklicht sein können.From the US patent 30 55 249 a cutting device with upper and lower knives is known in which, for example, the upper knife is curved, so that it becomes elastic and can therefore be pressed against the respective lower knife. The force with which the respective upper knife presses against the respective lower knife can only be set relatively roughly in this device, ie with the aid of the elasticity of the upper knife. It is not possible to adapt the force to be adjusted to the substrate to be cut. From the German patent specification 310 796 a device is known in which the upper knife is pressed against the lower knife with the aid of a spring. It is possible to use different springs to press the upper knife against the lower knife, but this results in falsifications that are due to the fact that the respective spring rubs against the upper knife, and frictional forces known as a so-called stick-slip Subject to effect ie that frictional forces cannot be transmitted in a precisely definable manner. In this way, there are no possibilities to transmit the pressing force as far as possible without forgery to the corresponding active site. This applies in particular when the circular knives are rotated around their geometric axis at a very high speed, which at the cutting point leads to very rapidly changing forces, for example cutting forces and deflections of the circular knife, and thus to constantly changing frictional forces of the spring, in particular if this leads to processing substrates should be processed at a fast running speed. The same applies to devices such as are known from German utility model 18 41 256, for example, in which the knives are pressed against the corresponding counter knives by using so-called round cord springs. Another device is known for example from German Patent 697 108, in which the knife is mounted on an auxiliary hub, the auxiliary hub being able to be pivoted with respect to the main hub with spring forces. This device also contains relatively large masses involved, so that it is not possible with this device that the knife can follow the cutting point even at today's high running speeds and correspondingly high-frequency changes of bends and relaxation of the knife, which leads to a cutting result that promises poor quality. In view of the present problem, a device is now to be created in which, even at high running speeds of the substrate to be processed, the pressure of the one processing tool against its counter-tool can be selected, and this pressure is subject to as little interference as possible during operation of the device, so that a satisfactory Cutting result even at today's running speeds of the substrate. The solution to the problem consists in the following features, individually or in any combination, that non-mechanical means are used to press the processing tools. For example, magnets can be inserted into the support device of a knife in its axial direction, wherein the support device can also be a hub, for example one made of non-magnetic material. In addition, a disc, a cover or the like made of magnetic material can be attached coaxially to this hub. The proposed solution makes it possible to take into account the high-frequency load changes at the cutting point in that the machining tool or at least its part that vibrates during the machining process has as little mass as possible. In addition, there are no disturbing influences when applying the forces necessary for the machining process, as can occur, for example, due to friction forces that cannot be precisely controlled. In addition, inhomogeneities of the materials from which the machining tools are made and their effects which are detrimental to the machining process are prevented as far as possible. Further features and advantages emerge from the following description of an exemplary embodiment, the individual features being able to be implemented individually or in any combination in any combination with other embodiments.

An Hand des in den beigefügten Figuren schematisch abgebildeten den Erfindungsgedanken nicht begrenzenden Ausführungsbeispieles wird die vorgeschlagenen Einrichtung näher erläutert. In den Figuren sind im vorliegenden Zusammenhang nicht wesentliche dem Fachmann hinreichend bekannte Einzelheiten wegen einer übersichtlicheren Darstellungweise nicht dargestellt. In den Figuren sind deshalb nur diejenigen Teile dargestellt, die zur näheren Erläuterung der vorgeschlagenen Einrichtung erforderlich sind. Einzelne Merkmale des Ausführungsbeispiels können jeweils für sich oder zu mehreren in beliebiger Kombination zu weiteren Ausführungsformen der Erfindung verwirklicht sein.The proposed device is explained in more detail with the aid of the exemplary embodiment schematically depicted in the attached figures, which does not limit the inventive concept. The figures are in the present context not essential details well known to the person skilled in the art are not shown because of a clearer presentation. In the figures, therefore, only those parts are shown which are necessary for a more detailed explanation of the proposed device. Individual features of the exemplary embodiment can be implemented individually or in any combination in any combination with further embodiments of the invention.

Die einzelnen Figuren bedeuten:

Figur 1
Längsschneideeinrichtung
Figur 2
Draufsicht auf Figur 1
Figur 3
Schnitt durch Nabe
Figur 4
Schnitt IV-IV
The individual figures mean:
Figure 1
Longitudinal cutting device
Figure 2
Top view of Figure 1
Figure 3
Cut through the hub
Figure 4
Section IV-IV

Eine in Streifen 1 zu zerteilende Bahn 2, ein sog. Substrat aus Papier, Folie, Gewebe, Kunststoff, Metall oder dgl. durchläuft eine Schneideeinrichtung, die aus mindestens einem Paar von Untermessern und Obermessern besteht. Beispielsweise hat die Schneideinrichtung ein Obermesser 3 und ein Untermesser 4. Mehrere derartige Messerpaare können in Blickrichtung der Figur 1 hintereinander angeordnet sein. Das Obermesser 3 wird durch eine Welle 5 und das Untermesser 4 durch eine Welle 6 drehbar unterstützt. Dies kann dadurch erfolgen, daß entweder die Wellen 5 und 6 über die gesamte Breite der in Streifen 1 zu schneidenden Bahn 2 reichen und drehbar in einem nichtgezeigten Maschinengestell gelagert sind. Es ist jedoch auch möglich, die Messer, oftmals nur die Obermesser, in jeweils einem separaten Halter drehbar zu lagern, wobei dieser Halter an dem Gestell der Maschine befestigt ist. Die Obermesser 3 und die Untermesser 4 sind einander schräg zugeordnet, so daß in der Draufsicht nach Figur 2 ein Winkel 7 zwischen dem Ober- und dem Untermesser entsteht, so daß - zumindestens in seiner Theorie - ein Punkt 8 entsteht, an dem Ober- und Untermesser miteinander in Berührung stehen. Der Punkt 8 ist der sog. Schneidpunkt, der jedoch in Wirklichkeit kein Punkt im mathematischen Sinne darstellt, da die beteiligten Maschinenteile 3 und 4 geringfügig durch die auf die Messer wirkenden Kräfte abgeplattet werden. Die Kräfte auf das Untermesser wirken beispielsweise in Richtung des Pfeiles 9, während die auf das Obermesser 3 wirkenden Kräfte in Richtung des Pfeiles 10 wirken, so daß sie am Schneidpunkt 8 gegeneinander wirken. Auf diese Weise entsteht ein scherenartiger Schnitt, der wegen der Kräfte und der Elastizitäten der Messer wie bei einer Schere eine kleine Schneidfläche ergibt. Das jeweilige Messer 3 wird üblicherweise auf der Welle 5 unter Zwischenschaltung einer Nabe 11 und eines Lagers 12 drehbar gehalten. Diese Konstruktionsweise ergibt sich vor allem dann, wenn das Messer 3 durch Keinen in der Maschine nicht drehbar befestigten Halter unterstützt werden soll. Wenn ein separater Halter vorhanden ist, dann kann die Welle 5 auch stillstehen und in dem Halter nichtdrehbar befestigt sein. Wenn jedoch die Welle 5 drehbar gelagert ist, dann kann das Lager 12 u. U. entfallen. Die Nabe 11 kann aus einem Nabenkörper 13 und einem Deckel 14 derart zusammengesetzt sein, daß der Deckel 14 den Sitz für das Messer 3 bildet. Deckel 14 und Nabenkörper 13 bilden vorzugsweise eine Unterstützungseinrichtung und sind lösbar miteinander verbunden, vorzugsweise durch mindestens eine Schraube 15. Der Nabenkörper 13 besteht aus einem nichtmagnetischen oder nicht magnetisierbaren Material wie beispielsweise Aluminium, der Deckel 14 hingegen aus einem magnetischen oder magnetisierbaren Material wie beispielsweise für elektrische Transformatoren geeigneten Stahl.A web 2 to be cut into strips 1, a so-called substrate made of paper, foil, fabric, plastic, metal or the like, passes through a cutting device which consists of at least one pair of lower and upper knives. For example, the cutting device has an upper knife 3 and a lower knife 4. Several such pairs of knives can be arranged one behind the other in the viewing direction of FIG. The upper knife 3 is rotatably supported by a shaft 5 and the lower knife 4 by a shaft 6. This can be done in that either the shafts 5 and 6 extend over the entire width of the web 2 to be cut in strip 1 and are rotatably mounted in a machine frame, not shown. However, it is also possible to rotatably mount the knives, often only the upper knives, in a separate holder, this holder being fastened to the frame of the machine. The upper knife 3 and the lower knife 4 are assigned to each other at an angle, so that in the top view According to Figure 2, an angle 7 is formed between the upper and lower knives, so that - at least in his theory - a point 8 is formed at which the upper and lower knives are in contact with one another. The point 8 is the so-called cutting point, which, however, in reality does not represent a point in the mathematical sense, since the machine parts 3 and 4 involved are slightly flattened by the forces acting on the knives. The forces on the lower knife act, for example, in the direction of arrow 9, while the forces acting on the upper knife 3 act in the direction of arrow 10, so that they act against one another at the cutting point 8. In this way, a scissor-like cut is created which, because of the forces and the elasticity of the knives, results in a small cutting surface like a pair of scissors. The respective knife 3 is usually held rotatably on the shaft 5 with the interposition of a hub 11 and a bearing 12. This construction method arises especially when the knife 3 is to be supported by a holder which is not rotatably fastened in the machine. If a separate holder is present, then the shaft 5 can also stand still and not be rotatably fastened in the holder. However, if the shaft 5 is rotatably mounted, then the bearing 12 u. U. omitted. The hub 11 can be composed of a hub body 13 and a cover 14 such that the cover 14 forms the seat for the knife 3. Lid 14 and hub body 13 preferably form a support device and are detachably connected to one another, preferably by at least one screw 15. The hub body 13 is made of a non-magnetic or non-magnetizable material such as aluminum, while the lid 14 is made of a magnetic or magnetizable material such as for electrical transformers suitable steel.

In den Nabenkörper 13 sind Vertiefungen 16 eingearbeitet, in welche Permanentmagnete 17 eingelegt sind. Beispielsweise sind am Umfang des Nabenkörpers 13 acht Vertiefungen 16 eingearbeitet, so daß bis zu acht Permanentmagnete in diese Vertiefungen gelegt werden können. Es ist jedoch möglich, nicht jede Vertiefung mit einem Magneten auszufüllen, so daß die Wirkung, die diese Magnete insgesamt auf das Messer 3 ausüben, verändert werden kann. Auf den Nabenkörper 13 kann eine Scheibe 18 aufgeschoben werden, die die Vertiefungen 16 bedeckt. Wenn die Scheibe 18 zuzüglich aus einem magnetischen oder magnetisierbaren Material besteht, wie beispielsweise Stahl oder für elektrische Transformatoren geeignete Stähle, dann werden die Kräfte, die durch die Permanentmagnete 17 auf das Obermesser 3 ausgeübt werden, noch verstärkt. Analog hierzu kann der Deckel 14 aus solchen Stählen bestehen, die im elektrischen Transformatorenbau üblich sind, kann jedoch auch ein solcher Stahl verwendet werden, der sich härten läßt, beispielsweise auch im Einsatz härten läßt, so daß sich ein Sitz mit geringem Verschleiß für das Messer 3 ergibt. Dieser Sitz kann aus einer an den Deckel 14 angearbeiteten Schulter 19 bestehen, so daß im fertig montierten Zustand eine Nut 20 für die Aufnahme und Halterung des Obermessers 3 entsteht. Diese Nut ist üblicherweise oftmals breiter als das Obermesser 3, so daß sich das Obermesser 3 auf die jeweils aktuellen Schneidbedingungen innerhalb bestimmter Grenzen selbst einstellen kann. Die Permanentmagnete können handelsüblicher Bauart sein. Die Wirkung, die die Permanentmagnete 17 auf die Obermesser 3 ausüben, geschieht im wesentlichen in Richtung der geometrischen Achse der Welle 5 und damit auch der Nabe 11 und ist nichtmechanisch. Dadurch, daß die resultierende Wirkungskraft der Magnete in axialer Richtung der Nabe 11, der geometrischen Achse der Welle 5 und damit im wesentlichen in Richtung des Pfeiles 10 auf den Schneidpunkt 8 und seine Umgebung auf nichtmechanische Weise einwirken, ergeben sich trägheits- und reibungsfreie Kräfte, die das Obermesser 3 ständig in Richtung auf das Untermesser 4 zu drücken versuchen, wenn man davon ausgeht, daß der Winkel 7 im allgemeinen sehr klein ist und zwischen 0 und 3 Grad liegt. Obwohl das Messer 3 bei seinem Umlauf um die Welle 5 wegen der wechselnden Annäherung und Entfernung an den Schneidpunkt 8 in seiner ihm zugeordneten Halterung schräg steht, entstehen durch die vorgeschlagenen Magnete permanent Kräfte, die es in Richtung auf das Untermesser 4 drücken. Auf diese Weise ist das Obermesser 3 nichtmechanischen Kräften ausgesetzt, die ein Schwingen oder In-Schwingung-Geraten des Obermessers 3 dämpfen oder gar verhindern, so daß das Obermesser 3 auch bei sehr hohen Drehzahlen am Schneidpunkt 8 gegenüber dem Untermesser 4 ruhig läuft. Dadurch wiederum wird das zu bearbeitende Substrat so bearbeitet, daß sich eine gute Qualität des Bearbeitungsvorganges ergibt. Die Bearbeitung kann beispielsweise im Längsschneiden bestehen, beispielsweise aber auch aus Längsperforieren oder jeglichem anderen Bearbeitungsvorgang. Bei Fortfall der Scheibe 18 ergibt sich eine geringere auf die Obermesser 3 wirkende Kraft, so daß deren Wirkung insgesamt geringer ist als bei Verwendung der Scheibe. Da der vorhandene Platz für die Magnete begrenzt ist, kommt der Scheibe 18 somit eine steigernde Wirkung zu. Anstelle der Permanentmagnete 17 können auch Elektromagnete verwendet werden, wozu es jedoch unter Vergrößerung des Aufwandes erforderlich ist, diesen Magneten elektrischen Strom in geeigneter Weise zuzuführen, beispielsweise dadurch, daß auf dem Umfang des Nabenkörpers 13 elektrische Schleifkontakte vorgesehen werden. Hierdurch ergeben sich feinere Abstufungsmöglichkeiten hinsichtlich derjenigen Kräfte, die von den Magneten auf das Obermesser oder die Obermesser 3 ausgeübt werden, jedoch ist der zu betreibende technische Aufwand entsprechend höher. Daneben ist es auch möglich, das Obermesser 3 einschließlich der ihm zugeordneten Nabe in einem größeren elektrischen Feld so zu lagern, daß die Klingen von Obermesser 3 und Untermesser 4 zumindest im Schneidpunkt gegeneinandergedrückt werden. Diese Möglichkeit erfordert jedoch noch einen höheren Aufwand, insbesondere deshalb, weil die Naben und die Messer für den Bedienenden zugänglich bleiben müssen, da diese Messer dann ausgetauscht werden müssen, wenn sie nach einer längeren Betriebszeit stumpf geworden sind.In the hub body 13 recesses 16 are incorporated, in which permanent magnets 17 are inserted. For example, eight recesses 16 are incorporated on the circumference of the hub body 13, so that up to eight permanent magnets can be placed in these recesses. However, it is possible not to fill each recess with a magnet, so that the effect that these magnets have on the knife 3 as a whole can be changed. A disc 18 covering the recesses 16 can be pushed onto the hub body 13. If the disk 18 additionally consists of a magnetic or magnetizable material, such as steel or steels suitable for electrical transformers, then the forces exerted on the upper knife 3 by the permanent magnets 17 are further increased. Analogously, the cover 14 can consist of such steels which are common in electrical transformer construction, but such a steel can also be used which can be hardened, for example also hardened in use, so that a seat with little wear for the knife 3 results. This seat can consist of a shoulder 19 worked on the cover 14, so that a groove 20 for receiving and holding the upper knife 3 is formed in the fully assembled state. This groove is usually often wider than the upper knife 3, so that the upper knife 3 can adjust itself to the current cutting conditions within certain limits. The permanent magnets can be of a commercially available type. The effect that the permanent magnets 17 exert on the upper knife 3 occurs essentially in the direction of the geometric axis of the shaft 5 and thus also of the hub 11 and is not mechanical. Characterized in that the resulting effective force of the magnets in the axial direction of the hub 11, the geometric axis of the shaft 5 and thus essentially act in the direction of arrow 10 on the cutting point 8 and its surroundings in a non-mechanical manner, there are inertia and friction-free forces that the upper knife 3 constantly try to push towards the lower knife 4 if one assumes that the angle 7 in is generally very small and is between 0 and 3 degrees. Although the knife 3 is inclined in its holder associated with it as it rotates around the shaft 5 due to the changing approach and distance to the cutting point 8, the magnets proposed create permanent forces which push it in the direction of the lower knife 4. In this way, the upper knife 3 is exposed to non-mechanical forces which dampen or even prevent the upper knife 3 from oscillating or vibrating, so that the upper knife 3 runs smoothly at very high speeds at the cutting point 8 relative to the lower knife 4. This in turn processes the substrate to be processed in such a way that the processing process is of good quality. The machining can consist, for example, of slitting, but also, for example, of longitudinal perforations or any other machining operation. If the disc 18 ceases, there is less force acting on the upper knife 3, so that its overall effect is less than when the disc is used. Since the available space for the magnets is limited, the disk 18 thus has an increasing effect. Instead of the permanent magnets 17, electromagnets can also be used, for which purpose it is necessary to supply electrical current to these magnets in a suitable manner, for example in that electrical sliding contacts 13 are provided on the circumference of the hub body. This results in finer gradation options with regard to those forces are exerted by the magnets on the upper knife or the upper knife 3, but the technical effort to be operated is correspondingly higher. In addition, it is also possible to store the upper knife 3, including the hub assigned to it, in a larger electrical field in such a way that the blades of the upper knife 3 and lower knife 4 are pressed against one another at least at the cutting point. However, this possibility requires even more effort, in particular because the hubs and the knives must remain accessible to the operator, since these knives must be replaced when they have become dull after a long period of operation.

TeilelisteParts list

11
StreifenStripes
22nd
Bahntrain
33rd
ObermesserTop knife
44th
UntermesserLower knife
55
Wellewave
66
Wellewave
77
Winkelangle
88th
SchneidpunktCutting point
99
Pfeilarrow
1010th
Pfeilarrow
1111
Nabehub
1212
Lagerwarehouse
1313
NabenkörperHub body
1414
Deckelcover
1515
Schraubescrew
1616
VertiefungenIndentations
1717th
PermanentmagnetPermanent magnet
1818th
Scheibedisc
1919th
Schaltercounter
2020th
NutGroove

Claims (5)

Einrichtung zum Andrücken eines insbesondere kreisförmigen Messers (3) zum Bearbeiten von bahn- oder bogenförmigen Substraten (1, 2) aus Papier, Folie, Gewebe, Metallen, Kunststoffen od. dgl. gegen eine mit diesem Messer zusammenwirkende weitere Einrichtung (4), gekennzeichnet durch die Verwendung nichtmechanischer Mittel zum Andrücken der Bearbeitungswerkzeuge (3, 4).Device for pressing in particular a circular knife (3) for processing web or sheet substrates (1, 2) made of paper, foil, tissue, metals, plastics or the like against a further device (4) interacting with this knife through the use of non-mechanical means for pressing the machining tools (3, 4). Einrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in die Unterstützungseinrichtung (13, 14) des Messers (3) in deren axialer Richtung wirkende Magnete (17) eingelegt sind.Device according to claim 1, characterized in that magnets (17) acting in the axial direction thereof are inserted into the support device (13, 14) of the knife (3). Einrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Unterstützungseinrichtung (13, 14) eine Nabe (11) für ein kreisförmiges Messer ist.Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the support device (13, 14) is a hub (11) for a circular knife. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Nabe (11) aus nichtmagnetischem Material besteht.Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the hub (11) consists of non-magnetic material. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 1, gekennzeichnet durch eine aus magnetischem Material bestehende, auf der Nabe (11) koaxial befestigbare Scheibe (18), einen Deckel od. dgl.Device according to claim 1, characterized by a disc (18) made of magnetic material, coaxially attachable to the hub (11), a cover or the like.
EP91106029A 1990-05-04 1991-04-15 Device for pressing of a substrate-treating-tool Expired - Lifetime EP0455041B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4014238A DE4014238A1 (en) 1990-05-04 1990-05-04 DEVICE FOR PRESSING A SUBSTRATE MACHINING TOOL
DE4014238 1990-05-04

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0455041A1 true EP0455041A1 (en) 1991-11-06
EP0455041B1 EP0455041B1 (en) 1993-06-16

Family

ID=6405654

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91106029A Expired - Lifetime EP0455041B1 (en) 1990-05-04 1991-04-15 Device for pressing of a substrate-treating-tool

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5188012A (en)
EP (1) EP0455041B1 (en)
DE (2) DE4014238A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2027938T3 (en)
FI (1) FI95108C (en)

Cited By (1)

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WO1993020985A1 (en) * 1992-04-16 1993-10-28 Boerbrink Stefan Cutting tool to perform cutting operations on board material

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DE10034719A1 (en) * 2000-07-17 2002-01-31 Josef Froehling Gmbh Walzwerks Slitting shear
US20060037446A1 (en) * 2004-08-18 2006-02-23 Eastman Kodak Company Angled crosscut knife
EP2465702B1 (en) * 2010-12-16 2015-03-25 Neopost Technologies Device for cutting envelopes
ES2934732T3 (en) * 2016-04-19 2023-02-24 Jdc Inc Positioning device for tree body inserts

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WO1989007206A1 (en) * 1988-02-04 1989-08-10 Thrige Agro A/S A lock bolt joint and a lock bolt therefor

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1993020985A1 (en) * 1992-04-16 1993-10-28 Boerbrink Stefan Cutting tool to perform cutting operations on board material
US5659961A (en) * 1992-04-16 1997-08-26 Gyproc Group Ab Cutting tool to perform cutting operations on board material

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2027938T1 (en) 1992-07-01
FI912047A (en) 1991-11-05
FI95108B (en) 1995-09-15
US5188012A (en) 1993-02-23
ES2027938T3 (en) 1993-12-01
FI95108C (en) 1995-12-27
DE4014238A1 (en) 1991-11-07
DE59100150D1 (en) 1993-07-22
EP0455041B1 (en) 1993-06-16
FI912047A0 (en) 1991-04-26

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