EP0450348A1 - Catalytic converter for internal combustion engines - Google Patents

Catalytic converter for internal combustion engines Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0450348A1
EP0450348A1 EP91103668A EP91103668A EP0450348A1 EP 0450348 A1 EP0450348 A1 EP 0450348A1 EP 91103668 A EP91103668 A EP 91103668A EP 91103668 A EP91103668 A EP 91103668A EP 0450348 A1 EP0450348 A1 EP 0450348A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
exhaust gas
housing
cone
converter according
sealing ring
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP91103668A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0450348B1 (en
Inventor
Georg Dipl.-Ing. Reuther
Harald Dipl.-Ing. Bressler
Wolfgang Dipl.-Ing. Zahn
Gottfried Dipl.-Ing. Wollenhaupt
Hans-Dieter Dipl.-Ing. Schuster
Reiner Kreeb
Wolfgang Dipl.-Ing. Spieker
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Tenneco GmbH
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Heinrich Gillet GmbH
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Publication of EP0450348A1 publication Critical patent/EP0450348A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/14—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having thermal insulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F01N3/2839—Arrangements for mounting catalyst support in housing, e.g. with means for compensating thermal expansion or vibration
    • F01N3/2853—Arrangements for mounting catalyst support in housing, e.g. with means for compensating thermal expansion or vibration using mats or gaskets between catalyst body and housing
    • F01N3/2857—Arrangements for mounting catalyst support in housing, e.g. with means for compensating thermal expansion or vibration using mats or gaskets between catalyst body and housing the mats or gaskets being at least partially made of intumescent material, e.g. unexpanded vermiculite
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F01N3/2839—Arrangements for mounting catalyst support in housing, e.g. with means for compensating thermal expansion or vibration
    • F01N3/2853—Arrangements for mounting catalyst support in housing, e.g. with means for compensating thermal expansion or vibration using mats or gaskets between catalyst body and housing
    • F01N3/2867—Arrangements for mounting catalyst support in housing, e.g. with means for compensating thermal expansion or vibration using mats or gaskets between catalyst body and housing the mats or gaskets being placed at the front or end face of catalyst body
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2350/00—Arrangements for fitting catalyst support or particle filter element in the housing
    • F01N2350/02—Fitting ceramic monoliths in a metallic housing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an exhaust gas converter for internal combustion engines according to the preamble of claim 1 and as known for example from DE-A-34 32 283.
  • the catalytic monoliths get hot up to 870 degrees C during operation. At this temperature, the housings glow bright red. They must therefore be made from high quality stainless steel. Cheaper steels can be used if the housing is equipped with internal heat insulation.
  • the known exhaust gas converters in the area of the input and output cones are covered on the inside with insulating material, for. B. an aluminum silicate fiber mat. This is protected by metallic inner cones against the destructive effects of the pulsating exhaust gas flow.
  • the monoliths themselves are also stored in the housing with the help of insulating material and are fixed radially and axially.
  • a so-called swelling mat is predominantly used for this, which increases its volume when heated and thus compensates for the changes in diameter of the housing.
  • the inner cones are directly exposed to the exhaust gas flow. You will therefore reach a high operating temperature. This requires a large thermal expansion. They must therefore be designed and dimensioned in a suitable manner to prevent damage to the catalytically active monolith without reducing the protection of the insulating and fixing materials against the pulsating exhaust gas flow.
  • DE-A-37 29 994 or DE-B-22 20 921 it is known to fix the catalytically active monoliths axially and radially in the housing with the aid of rings made of knitted or knitted wires. These wire mesh rings are dimensioned with a view to optimally fixing the monoliths in the thermally changing metal housings and therefore allow a relatively high bypass flow between the monolith and the housing.
  • DE-A-37 29 994 proposes to partially wrap the wire knitted rings with stainless steel foil, but this makes both the product and the production more expensive. Since wire mesh rings also lose their initially good spring properties relatively quickly, they have been practically completely replaced by the swelling mats mentioned above for a long time.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide an exhaust gas converter of the type mentioned, which achieves optimal protection of the insulating materials from the exhaust gas pulsations with the least design, manufacturing and cost, without the thermal and acoustic insulation of the housing is deteriorated.
  • the fiber sealing ring covering the gap between the inner cone and monolith consists of one of the materials known per se, such as metal, ceramic and / or mineral fibers in the form of mats, fleece, knitted or knitted fabrics. It is preferably also equipped with a stable metal or ceramic core.
  • the ring is profiled and mounted so that it holds the free ends of the inner cone. Due to the good internal damping of the ring, little acoustic energy is transmitted to the housing.
  • the sealing ring itself, d. H. the material used, the type of processing into a knitted fabric or knitted fabric and the final shape is designed exclusively for an optimal sealing effect against the exhaust gas pulsations. By suitable selection and shaping, the exhaust gas pulsations can be reduced to such an extent that they cannot damage the insulating material in the housing cones or the swelling mat that fixes the monoliths axially and radially.
  • a kind of sliding seat with labyrinth seal forms between the housing, sealing ring and inner cone, which easily compensates for the thermal changes in length of the components during operation.
  • 1 to 4 show sections and in a schematic representation of exhaust gas converters with different variants of polyfunctional fiber sealing rings, different tasks being performed depending on the design.
  • Fig. 1 shows a first embodiment.
  • a catalytically active monolith for example a ceramic honeycomb body, is supported in a sheet metal housing 3 with the aid of a swelling mat 2.
  • the housing 3 has on the input or output side a housing cone 4, the inside with insulating material 5, z.
  • B. an aluminum silicate fiber mat is thermally insulated.
  • a metallic inner cone 6 is provided, the free end 7.1 of which is bent radially outward for reinforcement.
  • a profiled fiber sealing ring 8.1 consisting of a wire mesh in this example is placed over the free end 7.1 of the inner cone 6. This prevents the free end 7.1 of the inner cone 6 from touching the housing 3 or the housing cone 4. As a result, the transmission of the acoustic energy of the exhaust gas flow to housing 3 and housing cone 4 is greatly reduced.
  • the ring also covers 8.1 the gap that must be maintained between the end 7.1 of the inner cone 6 and the end face of the monolith 1. Since the sealing ring 8.1 is dimensioned for optimal damping of the exhaust gas pulsations, both the source mat 2 and the insulating mat 5 are protected.
  • Fig. 3 shows an embodiment in which the free end 7.3 of the inner cone 6 is bent parallel to the housing 3. Thanks to a suitable profiling of the fiber sealing ring 8.3, the free end 7.3 of the inner cone 6 can slide in the ring 8.3 without losing contact with the ring 8.3. As a result, the free end 7.3 of the inner cone 6 is held and acoustically isolated from the housing 3, 4; the ring 8.3 itself no longer has to spring elastically in order to compensate for the thermal differences in axial expansion. As a result, it only has to be dimensioned for the task of reducing the pulsations and acoustically isolating the housing.
  • Fig. 4 shows an embodiment in which the free end 7.4 of the inner cone 6 is additionally bent like a barb. This makes it possible to mechanically hook a fiber sealing ring 8.4 to the inner cone 6 or its end 7.4, in order to reliably prevent it from migrating under the influence of the exhaust gas pulsations. If there are differences in expansion between housing 3, housing cone 4 and inner cone 6, the sealing ring 8.4 shifts accordingly.
  • the housing 3 is provided with a bead 10.

Abstract

The invention relates to catalytic converters for internal combustion engines. A ceramic honeycomb body (1) coated with a catalyst is fixed radially and axially in a metal casing (3) with the aid of a so-called expanding mat (2). The casing (3) is provided with a casing cone (4), on the inside of which a mat (5) of insulating fibres is mounted with the aid of an internal cone (6). The requisite gap between the end (7.1) of the internal cone (6) and the end face of the honeycomb body (1) is covered with the aid of a fibre packing ring (8.2). The task of this fibre packing ring (8.2) is merely to protect the mat (5) of insulating fibres and the expanding mat (2) from the harmful effects of the exhaust pulsations, to hold the free end (7.1) of the inner cone (6) and to compensate thermally caused length changes between the casing (3), the casing cone (4) and the inner cone (6) in the manner of a sliding seat. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Abgaskonverter für Brennkraftmaschinen gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 und wie beispielsweise bekannt aus der DE-A-34 32 283.The invention relates to an exhaust gas converter for internal combustion engines according to the preamble of claim 1 and as known for example from DE-A-34 32 283.

Ein wesentliches Problem bei Abgaskatalysatoren sind die unterschiedlichen Wärmedehnungen der verwendeten Bauteile. Die Wärmedehnung der meist keramischen Monolithen ist zu vernachlässigen. Die Wärmedehnung der Metallteile des Gehäuses ist dagegen erheblich; sie ist abhängig vom Material sowie von der sich im Betrieb einstellenden Temperatur.A major problem with catalytic converters are the different thermal expansions of the components used. The thermal expansion of the mostly ceramic monoliths is negligible. In contrast, the thermal expansion of the metal parts of the housing is considerable; it depends on the material and the temperature that arises during operation.

Die katalytischen Monolithen werden im Betrieb bis zu 870 Grad C heiß. Bei dieser Temperatur werden die Gehäuse hellrot glühend. Sie müssen daher aus hochwertigem Edelstahl hergestellt werden. Billigere Stähle können verwendet werden, wenn das Gehäuse mit einer innenliegenden Wärmeisolierung ausgerüstet wird. Zu diesem Zweck sind die bekannten Abgaskonverter im Bereich der Eingangs- und Ausgangskonen innen mit Isoliermaterial belegt, z. B. einer Aluminium-Silikat-Fasermatte. Diese wird durch metallische Innenkonen gegen die zerstörende Wirkung der pulsierenden Abgasströmung geschützt.The catalytic monoliths get hot up to 870 degrees C during operation. At this temperature, the housings glow bright red. They must therefore be made from high quality stainless steel. Cheaper steels can be used if the housing is equipped with internal heat insulation. For this purpose, the known exhaust gas converters in the area of the input and output cones are covered on the inside with insulating material, for. B. an aluminum silicate fiber mat. This is protected by metallic inner cones against the destructive effects of the pulsating exhaust gas flow.

Die Monolithen selbst werden ebenfalls mit Hilfe von Isoliermaterial im Gehäuse gelagert und dabei radial und axial fixiert. Im Falle von keramischen Monolithen wird hierzu überwiegend eine sogenannte Quellmatte verwendet, die beim Erwärmen ihr Volumen vergrößert und so die Durchmesseränderungen des Gehäuses ausgleicht.The monoliths themselves are also stored in the housing with the help of insulating material and are fixed radially and axially. In the case of ceramic monoliths, a so-called swelling mat is predominantly used for this, which increases its volume when heated and thus compensates for the changes in diameter of the housing.

Die Innenkonen sind unmittelbar dem Abgasstrom ausgesetzt. Sie erreichen somit eine hohe Betriebstemperatur. Dies bedingt eine große Wärmedehnung. Sie müssen daher in geeigneter Weise konstruiert und dimensioniert werden, um eine Beschädigung des katalytisch aktiven Monolithen zu verhindern, ohne den Schutz der Isolier- und Fixiermaterialien gegen die pulsierende Abgasströmung zu schmälern.The inner cones are directly exposed to the exhaust gas flow. You will therefore reach a high operating temperature. This requires a large thermal expansion. They must therefore be designed and dimensioned in a suitable manner to prevent damage to the catalytically active monolith without reducing the protection of the insulating and fixing materials against the pulsating exhaust gas flow.

Der Stand der Technik schlägt hierzu unterschiedliche Lösungen vor. Im Fall der DE-A-34 32 283 enden die Innenkonen mit Abstand vor den Monolithen. Der resultierende Spalt wird mit Hilfe eines oder mehrerer in geeigneter Weise profilierter Blechringe abgedeckt.The prior art proposes different solutions for this. In the case of DE-A-34 32 283, the inner cones end at a distance in front of the monoliths. The resulting gap is covered with the help of one or more suitably profiled sheet metal rings.

Aus der DE-A-37 29 994 oder der DE-B-22 20 921 ist es bekannt, die katalytisch aktiven Monolithen mit Hilfe von Ringen aus gestrickten oder gewirkten Drähten axial und radial im Gehäuse zu fixieren. Diese Drahtgestrickringe sind im Hinblick auf eine optimale Fixierung der Monolithen in den sich thermisch verändernden Metallgehäusen dimensioniert und lassen deswegen einen relativ hohen Bypaßstrom zwischen Monolith und Gehäuse zu. Um die Abdichtung zu verbessern, wird in der DE-A-37 29 994 beispielsweise vorgeschlagen, die Drahtgestrickringe teilweise mit Edelstahlfolie zu umhüllen, wodurch jedoch sowohl das Produkt als auch die Produktion verteuert werden. Da Drahtgestrickringe außerdem relativ schnell ihre anfänglich guten Federeigenschaften verlieren, wurden sie schon seit längerem praktisch vollständig von den oben erwähnten Quellmatten verdrängt.From DE-A-37 29 994 or DE-B-22 20 921 it is known to fix the catalytically active monoliths axially and radially in the housing with the aid of rings made of knitted or knitted wires. These wire mesh rings are dimensioned with a view to optimally fixing the monoliths in the thermally changing metal housings and therefore allow a relatively high bypass flow between the monolith and the housing. In order to improve the seal, DE-A-37 29 994, for example, proposes to partially wrap the wire knitted rings with stainless steel foil, but this makes both the product and the production more expensive. Since wire mesh rings also lose their initially good spring properties relatively quickly, they have been practically completely replaced by the swelling mats mentioned above for a long time.

Ein weiteres Problem, das bei allen Abgasanlagen für Brennkraftmaschinen und damit auch bei katalytischen Abgaskonvertern zu beachten ist, ist die Schallabstrahlung der Gehäuse. Diese läßt sich grundsätzlich dadurch verringern, daß das Gehäuse vom pulsierenden Abgasstrom isoliert wird. Diese Aufgabe könnte die Wärmeisolierung mit übernehmen.Another problem that has to be considered with all exhaust systems for internal combustion engines and thus also with catalytic exhaust gas converters is the sound radiation from the housing. In principle, this can be reduced in that the housing is exposed to the pulsating exhaust gas flow is isolated. This task could also take over the thermal insulation.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Abgaskonverter der eingangs genannten Art anzugeben, der bei geringstem Konstruktions-, Fertigungs- und Kostenaufwand einen optimalen Schutz der Isoliermaterialien vor den Abgaspulsationen erreicht, ohne daß die thermische und akustische Isolierung des Gehäuses dadurch verschlechtert wird.The present invention has for its object to provide an exhaust gas converter of the type mentioned, which achieves optimal protection of the insulating materials from the exhaust gas pulsations with the least design, manufacturing and cost, without the thermal and acoustic insulation of the housing is deteriorated.

Diese Aufgabe wird gelöst durch einen Abgaskonverter der gattungsgemäßen Art mit den Merkmalen gemäß Kennzeichen des Anspruchs 1.This object is achieved by an exhaust gas converter of the generic type with the features according to the characterizing part of claim 1.

Der den Spalt zwischen Innenkonus und Monolith überdeckende Faserdichtring besteht aus einem der an sich bekannten Materialien wie Metall-, Keramik- und/oder Mineralfasern in Form von Matten, Vlies, Gestrick bzw. Gewirk. Vorzugsweise ist er auch mit einem stabilen Kern aus Metall oder Keramik ausgerüstet. Dabei ist der Ring so profiliert und montiert, daß er die freien Enden des Innenkonus hält. Aufgrund der guten inneren Dämpfung des Rings wird nur wenig akustische Energie auf das Gehäuse übertragen. Der Dichtring selbst, d. h. das verwendete Material, die Art der Verarbeitung zu einem Gewirk oder Gestrick und die abschließende Formgebung, ist ausschließlich auf eine optimale Dichtwirkung gegenüber den Abgaspulsationen ausgelegt. Durch geeignete Auswahl und Formgebung können die Abgaspulsationen so weit reduziert werden, daß sie weder das Isoliermaterial in den Gehäusekonen noch die die Monolithen axial und radial fixierende Quellmatte beschädigen können.The fiber sealing ring covering the gap between the inner cone and monolith consists of one of the materials known per se, such as metal, ceramic and / or mineral fibers in the form of mats, fleece, knitted or knitted fabrics. It is preferably also equipped with a stable metal or ceramic core. The ring is profiled and mounted so that it holds the free ends of the inner cone. Due to the good internal damping of the ring, little acoustic energy is transmitted to the housing. The sealing ring itself, d. H. the material used, the type of processing into a knitted fabric or knitted fabric and the final shape is designed exclusively for an optimal sealing effect against the exhaust gas pulsations. By suitable selection and shaping, the exhaust gas pulsations can be reduced to such an extent that they cannot damage the insulating material in the housing cones or the swelling mat that fixes the monoliths axially and radially.

Durch geeignete Formgebung und Positionierung des Dichtrings können Toleranzen bei der Montage aufgefangen werden.Appropriate shaping and positioning of the sealing ring allow tolerances to be absorbed during assembly.

Zwischen Gehäuse, Dichtring und Innenkonus bildet sich eine Art Schiebesitz mit Labyrinthdichtung aus, der die thermischen Längenänderungen der Bauteile im Betrieb ohne weiteres ausgleicht.A kind of sliding seat with labyrinth seal forms between the housing, sealing ring and inner cone, which easily compensates for the thermal changes in length of the components during operation.

Durch geschickte Ausgestaltung des freien Endes der Innenkonen, entweder radial nach außen oder parallel zum Gehäuse gebogen und sogar widerhakenartig geformt, lassen sich die unterschiedlichsten Halte-, Isolier- und Ausgleichseigenschaften erreichen, was in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung der Ausführungsbeispiele anhand der Zeichnung erläutert wird.By cleverly designing the free end of the inner cones, either radially outward or bent parallel to the housing and even shaped like a barb, a wide variety of holding, insulating and compensating properties can be achieved, which is explained in the following description of the exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawing.

Die Fig. 1 bis 4 zeigen ausschnittsweise und in schematischer Darstellung Abgaskonverter mit verschiedenen Varianten von polyfunktionalen Faserdichtringen, wobei je nach Ausgestaltung unterschiedliche Aufgaben erfüllt werden.1 to 4 show sections and in a schematic representation of exhaust gas converters with different variants of polyfunctional fiber sealing rings, different tasks being performed depending on the design.

Fig. 1 zeigt eine erste Ausführungsform. Ein katalytisch aktiver Monolith 1, beispielsweise ein keramischer Wabenkörper, ist mit Hilfe einer Quellmatte 2 in einem Blechgehäuse 3 gelagert. Das Gehäuse 3 besitzt eingangs- bzw. ausgangsseitig einen Gehäusekonus 4, der innen mit Isoliermaterial 5, z. B. einer Aluminium-Silikat-Fasermatte, wärmegedämmt ist. Zum Schutz der Isoliermatte 5 ist ein metallischer Innenkonus 6 vorgesehen, dessen freies Ende 7.1 zur Versteifung radial nach außen gebogen ist.Fig. 1 shows a first embodiment. A catalytically active monolith 1, for example a ceramic honeycomb body, is supported in a sheet metal housing 3 with the aid of a swelling mat 2. The housing 3 has on the input or output side a housing cone 4, the inside with insulating material 5, z. B. an aluminum silicate fiber mat is thermally insulated. To protect the insulating mat 5, a metallic inner cone 6 is provided, the free end 7.1 of which is bent radially outward for reinforcement.

Über das freie Ende 7.1 des Innenkonus 6 ist ein in diesem Beispiel aus einem Drahtgestrick bestehender, profilierter Faserdichtring 8.1 gelegt. Dieser verhindert, daß das freie Ende 7.1 des Innenkonus 6 das Gehäuse 3 bzw. den Gehäusekonus 4 berührt. Dadurch wird die Übertragung der akustischen Energie der Abgasströmung auf Gehäuse 3 und Gehäusekonus 4 stark reduziert. Außerdem überdeckt der Ring 8.1 den Spalt, der zwischen dem Ende 7.1 des Innenkonus 6 und der Stirnseite des Monolithen 1 eingehalten werden muß. Da der Dichtring 8.1 auf eine optimale Dämpfung der Abgaspulsationen hin dimensioniert ist, werden sowohl die Quellmatte 2 als auch die Isoliermatte 5 geschützt.A profiled fiber sealing ring 8.1 consisting of a wire mesh in this example is placed over the free end 7.1 of the inner cone 6. This prevents the free end 7.1 of the inner cone 6 from touching the housing 3 or the housing cone 4. As a result, the transmission of the acoustic energy of the exhaust gas flow to housing 3 and housing cone 4 is greatly reduced. The ring also covers 8.1 the gap that must be maintained between the end 7.1 of the inner cone 6 and the end face of the monolith 1. Since the sealing ring 8.1 is dimensioned for optimal damping of the exhaust gas pulsations, both the source mat 2 and the insulating mat 5 are protected.

Durch geeignete Wahl des Draht- oder Fasermaterials für den Ring 8.1 und durch geeignete Verarbeitung können sowohl Toleranzen bei der Fertigung als auch Wärmedehnungsdifferenzen im Betrieb elastisch aufgefangen und ausgeglichen werden. Möglich wird dies dadurch, daß die Aufgaben des Faserdichtrings ausschließlich auf den Schutz vor Abgaspulsationen und den Ausgleich von Längenänderungen nach Art eines Schiebesitzes beschränkt wurden. Herkömmliche Drahtgestrickringe hatten immer die Aufgabe, den Monolithen axial und/oder radial zu fixieren, was die Ausbildung von Schiebesitzen von vornherein ausschließt.Through a suitable choice of the wire or fiber material for the ring 8.1 and through suitable processing, both tolerances in production and thermal expansion differences during operation can be elastically absorbed and compensated for. This is made possible by the fact that the tasks of the fiber sealing ring were restricted exclusively to protecting against exhaust gas pulsations and compensating for length changes in the manner of a sliding seat. Conventional knitted wire rings always had the task of fixing the monolith axially and / or radially, which precludes the formation of sliding seats from the outset.

Fig. 2 zeigt eine Ausführungsform, bei der der Faserdichtring 8.2 sich bis in den Spalt zwischen Monolith 1 und Gehäuse 3 erstreckt. Diese Variante bietet sowohl einen verlängerten Federweg, um thermische Längenänderungen des Innenkonus 6 aufzufangen, als auch einen durch erhöhte Labyrinthwirkung verbesserten Schutz der Quellmatte 2 gegen die Abgaspulsationen.2 shows an embodiment in which the fiber sealing ring 8.2 extends into the gap between the monolith 1 and the housing 3. This variant offers both an extended spring travel in order to absorb thermal changes in length of the inner cone 6 and also improved protection of the swelling mat 2 against the exhaust gas pulsations due to the increased labyrinth effect.

Fig. 3 zeigt eine Ausführungsform, bei der das freie Ende 7.3 des Innenkonus 6 parallel zum Gehäuse 3 gebogen ist. Dank einer geeigneten Profilierung des Faserdichtrings 8.3 kann das freie Ende 7.3 des Innenkonus 6 im Ring 8.3 gleiten, ohne den Kontakt zum Ring 8.3 zu verlieren. Dadurch bleibt das freie Ende 7.3 des Innenkonus 6 gehalten und akustisch gegen das Gehäuse 3, 4 isoliert; der Ring 8.3 selbst muß nicht mehr elastisch federn, um die thermisch bedingten axialen Ausdehnungsdifferenzen auszugleichen. Dadurch muß er nur noch für die Aufgabe dimensioniert werden, die Pulsationen abzubauen und das Gehäuse akustisch zu isolieren.Fig. 3 shows an embodiment in which the free end 7.3 of the inner cone 6 is bent parallel to the housing 3. Thanks to a suitable profiling of the fiber sealing ring 8.3, the free end 7.3 of the inner cone 6 can slide in the ring 8.3 without losing contact with the ring 8.3. As a result, the free end 7.3 of the inner cone 6 is held and acoustically isolated from the housing 3, 4; the ring 8.3 itself no longer has to spring elastically in order to compensate for the thermal differences in axial expansion. As a result, it only has to be dimensioned for the task of reducing the pulsations and acoustically isolating the housing.

Fig. 4 zeigt eine Ausführungsform, bei der das freie Ende 7.4 des Innenkonus 6 zusätzlich widerhakenartig umgebogen ist. Dadurch wird es möglich, einen Faserdichtring 8.4 mit dem Innenkonus 6 bzw. dessen Ende 7.4 mechanisch zu verhaken, um so einem Wandern desselben unter der Einwirkung der Abgaspulsationen mit Sicherheit vorzubeugen. Bei Ausdehnungsdifferenzen zwischen Gehäuse 3, Gehäusekonus 4 und Innenkonus 6 verschiebt sich der Dichtring 8.4 entsprechend.Fig. 4 shows an embodiment in which the free end 7.4 of the inner cone 6 is additionally bent like a barb. This makes it possible to mechanically hook a fiber sealing ring 8.4 to the inner cone 6 or its end 7.4, in order to reliably prevent it from migrating under the influence of the exhaust gas pulsations. If there are differences in expansion between housing 3, housing cone 4 and inner cone 6, the sealing ring 8.4 shifts accordingly.

Um den Faserdichtring 8.4 zusätzlich zu halten, ist das Gehäuse 3 mit einer Sicke 10 versehen.In order to additionally hold the fiber sealing ring 8.4, the housing 3 is provided with a bead 10.

Claims (9)

Abgaskonverter für Brennkraftmaschinen, mit einem in einem Blechgehäuse (3) durch eine sogenannte Quellmatte (2) fixierten, katalytisch beschichteten Monolithen (1), mit wenigstens einem am Gehäuse (3) eingangs- und/oder ausgangsseitig vorgesehenen Gehäusekonus (4), der innen mit Isoliermaterial (5) wärmegedämmt ist, mit wenigstens einem Innenkonus (6), dessen freies Ende (7.1, 7.3, 7.4) im Bereich der Stirnfläche des Monolithen (1) liegt, wobei ein die unterschiedlichen Wärmedehnungen der Bauteile (1...6) ausgleichender Spalt verbleibt, und mit einer Abdeckung (8) dieses Spaltes gegen die Wirkungen der pulsierenden Abgasströme, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Abdeckung als profilierter Faserdichtring (8.1 ... 8.4) ausgebildet ist, der das freie Ende (7.1, 7.3, 7.4) des Innenkonus (6) umgreift, dieses gegen das Gehäuse (3) bzw. den Gehäusekonus (4) abstützt, thermisch bedingte Längenänderungen nach Art eines Schiebesitzes ausgleicht und auf optimale Dämpfung der Abgaspulsationen dimensioniert ist.Exhaust gas converter for internal combustion engines, with a catalytically coated monolith (1) fixed in a sheet metal housing (3) by a so-called swelling mat (2), with at least one housing cone (4) provided on the housing (3) on the input and / or output side, the inside is thermally insulated with insulating material (5), with at least one inner cone (6), the free end (7.1, 7.3, 7.4) of which lies in the area of the end face of the monolith (1), the different thermal expansions of the components (1 ... 6 ) compensating gap remains, and with a cover (8) of this gap against the effects of the pulsating exhaust gas flows, characterized in that the cover is designed as a profiled fiber sealing ring (8.1 ... 8.4) which the free end (7.1, 7.3, 7.4 ) of the inner cone (6), supports it against the housing (3) or the housing cone (4), compensates for thermally induced changes in length in the manner of a sliding seat and for optimal damping of the exhaust gas pu is dimensioned. Abgaskonverter nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das freie Ende (7.1) des Innenkonus (6) radial nach außen gebogen ist.Exhaust gas converter according to claim 1, characterized in that the free end (7.1) of the inner cone (6) is bent radially outwards. Abgaskonverter nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das freie Ende (7.3, 7.4) des Innenkonus (6) parallel zum Gehäuse (3) gebogen ist.Exhaust gas converter according to claim 1, characterized in that the free end (7.3, 7.4) of the inner cone (6) is bent parallel to the housing (3). Abgaskonverter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das freie Ende (7.4) des Innenkonus (6) widerhakenartig gebogen ist.Exhaust gas converter according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the free end (7.4) of the inner cone (6) is bent like a barb. Abgaskonverter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Gehäuse (3) im Bereich des Faserdichtrings (8) eine Haltesicke (10) aufweist.Exhaust gas converter according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized characterized in that the housing (3) has a retaining bead (10) in the region of the fiber sealing ring ( 8 ). Abgaskonverter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Faserdichtring (8) aus Metallfasern oder -drähten in Form von Matten, Vlies, Gestrick oder Gewirk besteht.Exhaust gas converter according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the fiber sealing ring ( 8 ) consists of metal fibers or wires in the form of mats, fleece, knitted fabric or knitted fabric. Abgaskonverter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Faserdichtring (8) aus Keramikfasern in Form von Matten oder Vlies besteht.Exhaust gas converter according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the fiber sealing ring ( 8 ) consists of ceramic fibers in the form of mats or fleece. Abgaskonverter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Faserdichtring (8) aus Mineralfasern in Form von Matten oder Vlies besteht.Exhaust gas converter according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the fiber sealing ring ( 8 ) consists of mineral fibers in the form of mats or fleece. Abgaskonverter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Faserdichtring (8) einen stabilen Kern aus Metall oder Keramik besitzt.Exhaust gas converter according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the fiber sealing ring ( 8 ) has a stable core made of metal or ceramic.
EP91103668A 1990-03-28 1991-03-11 Catalytic converter for internal combustion engines Expired - Lifetime EP0450348B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4009945 1990-03-28
DE4009945A DE4009945C2 (en) 1990-03-28 1990-03-28 Exhaust gas converter for internal combustion engines

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EP0450348A1 true EP0450348A1 (en) 1991-10-09
EP0450348B1 EP0450348B1 (en) 1994-04-20

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EP (1) EP0450348B1 (en)
DE (2) DE4009945C2 (en)
ES (1) ES2055934T3 (en)

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EP1149992A1 (en) * 2000-04-26 2001-10-31 J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. Exhaust assembly for an exhaust gas system, especially exhaust gas catalyst of modular construction for a motor vehicle
EP1653059A1 (en) * 2004-10-28 2006-05-03 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Apparatus and method for an exhaust aftertreatment device
EP1696110A1 (en) * 2005-01-25 2006-08-30 Ibiden Co., Ltd. Heat insulating member for end cone portion of exhaust gas conversion apparatus
FR2917779A1 (en) * 2007-06-21 2008-12-26 Faurecia Sys Echappement Physical and chemical depollution element for e.g. hybrid motor vehicle, has heat insulation unit interposed between depollution unit and casing and designed for providing only thermal insulation of element

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US5882608A (en) 1996-06-18 1999-03-16 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Hybrid mounting system for pollution control devices
DE19922954C5 (en) * 1999-05-19 2006-10-12 Belchem Fiber Materials Gmbh Use of inorganic textile fiber materials in the form of knits and round needle hoses in exhaust gas converters for internal combustion engines
DE10107856A1 (en) * 2001-02-20 2002-08-29 Zeuna Staerker Kg Exhaust gas purification device used in vehicles comprises housing containing exhaust gas purifying body held by positioning elements
DE10360669A1 (en) * 2003-12-23 2005-07-28 Daimlerchrysler Ag Exhaust gas apparatus for exhaust gas treating device, has support mat whose front side is assigned opposite to front side of catalyst body, and opening between ceramic compound and body, where height of opening is of specific millimeter
DE102005002929A1 (en) * 2005-01-21 2006-07-27 Emitec Gesellschaft Für Emissionstechnologie Mbh Nonwoven fabric for supporting a honeycomb body in an exhaust pipe
DE102005058253B4 (en) * 2005-12-06 2007-10-04 Federal-Mogul Sealing Systems Gmbh Protective shield for the thermal and acoustic shielding of components of an internal combustion engine

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EP1149992A1 (en) * 2000-04-26 2001-10-31 J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. Exhaust assembly for an exhaust gas system, especially exhaust gas catalyst of modular construction for a motor vehicle
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EP1696110A1 (en) * 2005-01-25 2006-08-30 Ibiden Co., Ltd. Heat insulating member for end cone portion of exhaust gas conversion apparatus
CN100410506C (en) * 2005-01-25 2008-08-13 揖斐电株式会社 Heat insulating member for end cone portion of exhaust gas conversion apparatus
US7442347B2 (en) 2005-01-25 2008-10-28 Ibiden Co., Ltd. Heat insulating member for end cone portion of exhaust gas conversion apparatus
FR2917779A1 (en) * 2007-06-21 2008-12-26 Faurecia Sys Echappement Physical and chemical depollution element for e.g. hybrid motor vehicle, has heat insulation unit interposed between depollution unit and casing and designed for providing only thermal insulation of element

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2055934T3 (en) 1994-09-01
DE59101417D1 (en) 1994-05-26
DE4009945A1 (en) 1991-10-02
DE4009945C2 (en) 1996-11-14
EP0450348B1 (en) 1994-04-20

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