EP0447837A2 - Process and device for controlling a ram installation - Google Patents

Abstract

A process for reversing a compressed-air-operated ram installation for its control positions of forward travel and return travel in the ground is specified, in which arrangement rotation is performed against a relatively slight arresting force for the reversal, and the force of the operating compressed air is used for locking the control means in the individual control positions and for damping the transmission of vibrations from a ram housing to the control means. Reversal of the ram installation is thereby reliably prevented while the operating compressed air is applied. <??>This process can be used in a ram installation which has a forward travel and/or a return travel. It has a percussion piston (2) which can be moved axially in a reciprocating manner in a ram housing (1) by compressed air, a control means (3) controlling the compressed air in such a way that the percussion piston (2) strikes the front side of the ram housing (1) during the forward travel of the ram installation or the rear side of the ram housing (1) during the return travel of the ram installation. This control means (3) projects on the one side into the part of the percussion piston (2) remote from the tip of the piston and interacts with control ports in the percussion piston (2) which result in the control action from forward to return movement of the percussion piston (2). On the other side, it is displaceably seated in a lid (4) closing off the ram housing (1) and is connected to a hose connection (5), passed through this lid (4), for connecting to an air supply hose (6). A locking means (7) for the control means (3) is provided which temporarily fixes the control means (3) relative to the lid (4) in its individual control positions, which are set by turning the air supply hose (6). According to the invention, the locking means (7) is at the same time designed as a damping means, in which arrangement at least one air chamber (7.1), variable in its size, is provided as locking and damping element and is arranged essentially parallel to the axis of the control means (3). The air chamber (7.1) is defined at the end face by a rear and a front closure ring (7.2.1 and 7.3.1 respectively) which are axially displaceable relative to one another. The rear closure ring (7.2.1) can be connected or is connected to the control means (3), and the front closure ring (7.3.1) can be connected or is connected to the lid (4) or the ram housing (1). An outer circumferential surface (3.1) of the control means (3) on the one hand and a cylinder-like inner surface (4.1) of the lid (4) on the other hand are provided as axial walls of the air chamber (7.1). Provided between the closure rings (7.2.1 and 7.3.1) are at least two energy-accumulator elements (7.4) which push these closure rings (7.2.1 and 7.3.1) apart. A positioning device (7.5) which is set up for interacting with the front closure ring (7.3.1) on the one hand and with the control means (3) on the other hand fixes each of the control positions by interlocking the control means relative to the lid. The air chamber (7.1) is connected by a connecting line (8) to a space (9) holding the compressed air and can be filled with or drained of compressed air from this space (9), the compressed air preventing reversal during the forward or return travel.

Description

The invention relates to a method for locking the control device of a pneumatic driven ramming device for its control positions forward run or backward run according to the preamble of claim 1 and to a ramming device with a forward run and / or a backward run, in particular for carrying out the method according to claim 1 Preamble of claim 2.

STATE OF THE ART

In a device of the prior art [DE 38 07 831 - SCHMIDT], the control device of a compressed air driven ram boring device has a twist-and-turn reversal system which has a fixed control sleeve {24} in which an axially fixed bearing tube {14} by means of radial webs {23} is supported, in which a multi-part, preferably two-part control tube {16, 19} [Fig. 6], which carries a compressed air hose at its outer end, is held by a locking clip {56} which engages radially in a groove, and is also axially immovable. In the case of a two-part head tube {16, 19}, its front head tube section {19} has a groove-shaped axial recess {31} at its end facing away from the axially fixed control sleeve {24}, into which a single driving lug {32}, which is located on the rear , axially displaceable head tube section {16} is arranged, engages axially insertable. The front head tube section {19} is only rotatable, whereas the rear head tube section {16} is rotatable and axially displaceable to reverse the direction of impact. This rear head tube section {16} is also mounted in the fixed bearing tube {14} and delimits with it a pressure space {34} which is axially adjoining the (front) end having the driving lug {32}. Adjoining this in the axial direction is a locking device {35} which is acted upon by the pressure prevailing in the pressure chamber and has two positions. The pressure in the pressure chamber {34} can be applied by a spring {33}, by compressed air or by both. To carry out the reversal, this locking device {35} must be unlocked against the pressure applied in the pressure space {34}. These two positions of the locking device {35} define two axial positions of the rear head tube section {16}, which in turn correspond to the two switch positions of the rotary valve formed by the control sleeve {24} and the front head tube section {19} for the forward run or the Reverse run of the ram drilling device correspond. The locking device {35} essentially has a locking ring {39} which is non-rotatably connected to the rear head tube section {16} by means of a key face {36} and which has two axially extended lugs {37,38} of different lengths. These lugs {37,38} each engage in two of the four corresponding recesses {44, 45} of the rear end face {40} of the bearing tube {14}. The two switch positions of the locking device {35} are achieved by the different lengths of these lugs {37,38}.

To reverse the ram boring device from forward to reverse, the two-part head tube {15; 16, 19}, after unlocking the rear head tube section {16} by pulling axially on the compressed air hose, rotating it by about 90 ^o either into the first switching position, corresponding to a first stop formed by the first outer edge {48} or rotated into the second switching position, corresponding to a stop formed by the second outer edge {47} of a recess {46} in the bearing tube {14} and thus the rotary slide control switched. With this turn-pull reversal, it can be reversed during operation, ie under the load of the compressed air.

DISADVANTAGES OF THE PRIOR ART

In this device, it is very disadvantageous that a very complicated control device which has a rotary slide valve consisting of several individual parts and a locking and rotary slide valve actuating device consisting of several individual parts consisting of several complicated shapes and fitting surfaces. Such a highly complicated control device is not only very expensive to produce, but, which is much more serious, is extremely susceptible to faults and is particularly at risk of contamination in rough construction site operation. This results in more frequent failures of the ram boring device, repair costs and costs for replacement devices or downtimes. This makes the use of the device more expensive overall. Moreover, it may occur with this device is that when not fully 90 ^° rotation of the rotary valve and thus the whole control device assumes an undefined and betriebsunfaehige position. In the event of a later snapping in, either the forward run or the backward run can be switched on. The control position is therefore dependent on the exact operation of the device, which is due to the often very long drill holes, the large axial frictional resistance of the compressed air hose used for switching and dragged on the ground, as well as its torsional softness during the transmission of the rotary movement from one end of the borehole to the other end is particularly difficult and sometimes impossible. In addition, an unintentional reversal can take place when the borehole falls behind the ram boring device, as a result of which the casing friction between the soil and the compressed air hose leads to tensile forces on the compressed air hose, which pull the compressed air hose backwards and thereby release the locking device.

AIM OF THE INVENTION

It is therefore the object of the invention to provide a control device for a ram boring machine which avoids the disadvantages of the devices of the prior art and, in particular, is very simple in construction compared to the known devices and has few components susceptible to interference, with the changeover from forward to reverse running alone by Rotation takes place on the compressed air hose and is therefore essentially independent of the axial friction force, which is very considerable in terms of the length of the borehole, and which is independent of the axial pull on the compressed air hose for unlocking and reversing, which is required in particular at the end of the borehole. The control device should also remain securely locked even when the borehole has collapsed. In addition, the control device should not unlock, even in the event of a collapse of the borehole and the very large axial tensile forces that occur on the compressed air hose, and thus be reversed or go into an undefined operating state that requires manual recovery of the ram drilling device or even hinders it. Furthermore, the ram boring device should be provided with a damping, which is effective even at high operating pressures of the compressed air or improves it. This is in contrast to the damping devices of the prior art, in which the damping becomes worse as the operating pressure rises.

INVENTION

This goal can be achieved if, according to the invention, a method with the characterizing features of claim 1 and a device with the characterizing features of claim 2 are provided. In addition, a device can have the combination of the features of claims 3 to 16.

METHOD

In the method for reversing a compressed air driven ramming device for its control positions forward or backward running in the ground, whereby a percussion piston within the ramming device executes forward and reverse movements and a control device in cooperation with the percussion piston controls all these movements, the reversal is carried out by rotating the control device against a first predeterminable force when the operating compressed air is switched off, followed by an exact positioning of the control device according to this force and independent of the rotary movement, and a subsequent locking of the control device in the individual control positions by a second force that is essentially independent of the first in terms of effectiveness. Force that can also be specified by means of design measures and operating data, which also dampens the transmission of vibrations from the ram housing to the control device and thereby reliably prevents reversing of the ramming device during the application of operating compressed air.

When the ramming device is reversed from forward to reverse, the compressed air hose is rotated, the compressed air being interrupted. After the rotary movement has been carried out, the compressed air is switched on again and thus the switch position which is now locked for the reverse run of the ram boring device.

CONTRAPTION

• Fig. 1 eine Rammbohreinrichtung im Laengsschnitt [ohne Drehbregrenzer];
• Fig. 2 ein Detail der Steuervorrichtung im Laengsschnitt [ohne Drehbegrenzer];
• Fig. 3 eine erste Variante einer Stirnverzahnung;
• Fig. 4 eine zweite Variante einer Stirnverzahnung;
• Fig. 5 eine dritte Variante einer Stirnverzahnung,
• Fig. 6 einen Laengsschnitt durch die Steuereinrichtung im Bereich des Drehbegrenzers,
• Fig. 7 einen Querschnitt durch die Steuereinrichtung im Bereich des Drehbegrenzers.

Further details and advantages of the invention result from the description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawing. In this shows the

• 1 shows a ram boring device in a longitudinal section [without a rotary limiter];
• 2 shows a detail of the control device in longitudinal section [without a rotary limiter];
• 3 shows a first variant of a spur toothing;
• 4 shows a second variant of a spur toothing;
• 5 shows a third variant of a spur toothing,
• 6 shows a longitudinal section through the control device in the region of the rotary limiter,
• Fig. 7 shows a cross section through the control device in the region of the rotation limiter.

A ramming device has a ram housing 1 in which a partially tubular percussion piston 2 is arranged to be longitudinally displaceable. Between this and the housing 1 there is an annular space 2.1 along the jacket of the percussion piston, through which air can flow to the percussion piston tip 2.2. One end of the ram housing 1 is closed with a removable cover 4, in which a control device 3 is seated, one end 3.2 of which protrudes outwards and has a hose connection 5 for a compressed air hose for supplying compressed air. Another [inner] end 3.3 protrudes into the rear region 2.3 of the percussion piston 2 and slides along its inner surface 2.4. This inner end 3.3 of the control device 3 has control edges 3.4 or 3.5 and control channels, for example as shown in DE 38 00 408 - TERRA, which interact with corresponding control openings 3.6 of the percussion piston and control its forward or reverse movement in the ram housing 1 . The control device 3, which is essentially formed in one piece, has a central bore 9, which extends over its entire length and which ends at the outer end 3.2 of the control device 3 in the hose connection 5. In the area of its outer end 3.2, it is connected to a locking and damping device 7 arranged in the cover 4.

The locking and damping device 7 has an air chamber 7.1 which is variable in size and which is arranged essentially axially parallel to the control device 3. The air chamber 7.1 has end walls 7.2, 7.3 which are axially displaceable relative to one another, a first end wall 7.2 being connected to the control device 3 and a second end wall 7.3 being connected to the cover 4 or the ram housing 1. The first end wall 7.2 is essentially part of a rear end ring 7.2.1 which is fixedly and adjustably and releasably connected to the control device 3. On its circumferential side it bears with a sealing element 7.6 of a conventional type, for example an O-ring, against a cylindrical inner surface 4.1 of the cover 4 and can be displaced along this by the control device 3. The second end wall 7.3 of the air chamber 7.1 is connected to the cover 4 by one and formed adjacent to this cylinder-like inner surface 4.1 and against the rear end ring 7.2.1, relatively displaceable front end ring 7.3.1. A region of the outer jacket surface 3.1 of the control device 3 is used as the other axial wall of the air chamber 7.1. At least one force storage element 7.4 pushing them apart sits between these end walls 7.2 and 7.3. An embodiment of such an energy storage element is a helical spring. Another spring-elastic element can also be used. The air chamber 7.1 is connected by a connecting line 8 to a space 9 carrying the compressed air, which in the present case is a central bore 9 in the control device 3, and can be filled or emptied with compressed air by the latter. If this connecting line 8 is designed as a connecting bore 8.1, the dimensions of the response time of the locking function can be influenced and defined. The helical spring or the spring-elastic element brings the positioning force for a positioning device 7.5 and the compressed air in the air chamber 7.1 applies the locking force. In addition, this compressed air acts as a damping element, which dampens the usually very hard blows of the ram housing 1 evenly and not with a force dependent on the vibration path of the control device 3 relative to the cover 4, and thus the blows are not passed on to the control device 3. At the same time, the damping improves with increasing operating pressure of the compressed air. This is in contrast to a damping device with spring-elastic damping elements according to the prior art.

A positioning device 7.5 is provided for the interaction of the control device 3 and the locking and damping device 7. This positioning device 7.5 has, on the one hand, a locking flange 7.5.4 on the front end ring 7.3.1 and, on the other hand, a locking flange 7.5.4 which is connected to the control device 3 and designed as a counterpart to the locking ring 7.5.3 and which is connected to the control device 3, both of which can lie snugly against one another. Your contact surfaces are each designed as a normal or wave-shaped spur gear (7.5.2) that is opposite to each other. A special spur toothing can also be provided [Fig. 5], which has essentially flat flank surfaces, the top edges of which are rounded in order to facilitate the reversing process. In each of these Stirnverzahungsformen each of the flanks on both the locking ring 7.5.3 and 7.5.4 on the locking flange in a central angle range of 10 - 45 ^o, preferably, in a range of 20 - 25 ^o arranged. This means that a flank extends in an angular range of 10-45 or 20-25 degrees. The flanks within each pair of flanks for each of the spur gears (7.5.1 or 7.5.2) can have the same or different absolute value of the flank pitch, with naturally corresponding flanks of the snap ring 7.5.3 or of the snap flange 7.5.4 having a corresponding pitch have to have.

In one embodiment of the invention, the positioning device 7.5 can have a rotation limiter 11, which contains a groove 11.1, which is arranged on the geometric jacket of the latching flange, and into which a pin 11.2 engages, which extends from the second end face 7.3 above the latching ring 7.5.3 protrudes. The groove 11.1 extends over a Angular range of the circumference, which is somewhat larger than a quarter turn, preferably 110 ^o , so that when the control device rotates for the ram reversal, the new control position can initially be passed over by a small amount by rotating the compressed air hose.

HOW IT WORKS POSITIONING FUNCTION

In a control position, assumed the forward run of the ramming device, the control device 3 is locked in a first position of the positioning device 7.5 according to the force of the spring 7.4 in the air chamber 7.1. The compressed air passes through the central bore 9 to the control device 3 and thus drives the percussion piston and on the other hand through the connecting bore 8.1 into the air chamber 7.1 and keeps the control device 3 in the locked state.

In a reversal of the Rammer of Vorwaertslauf Rueckwaertslauf on the compressed air hose is rotated, for example by about 90 ^o, wherein the pressurized air is interrupted by a shut-off valve, which is located on the excavation side end of the compressed air hose. This shut-off valve is preferably a three-way valve which interrupts the supply of further compressed air and at the same time enables the compressed air in the hose to exit. As a result, the reversing rotation of the control device 3 will only be carried out against the force of the spring 7.4. Due to the small displacement path, the force is practically constant and can be chosen so that an optimal setting and usability can be guaranteed under all operating conditions. In particular, this constructive coordination can be carried out to achieve the best operability in cooperation with the flank angle and the shape of the spur toothing. After the rotary movement has been carried out, the compressed air is switched on again and the switch position, which is now the one for the reverse run of the ram boring device, is ascertained.

If the positioning device 7.5 has a rotary limiter 11, then it is easier to carry out the rotary movement, because then it only has to be rotated as far as the limiter and there is no need to pay attention to when the positioning device 7.5 engages. This is of particular advantage in the rough construction site operation.

DAMPING FUNCTION

The striking of the percussion piston 2 against the ram housing 1 and its connection to the control device 3, which is always seated in the cover 4, with a control device 3, which is required for the rotary movement for reversing, causes it to vibrate. Such vibrations can in particular come close to the resonance ranges and then, mostly at the control device, lead to breakage damage. On the one hand, according to the operating pressure in the air chamber 7.1, the two locking elements, namely the locking ring and the locking flange 7.5.1 or 7.5.2, the positioning device 7.5 pressed against each other without play, so that due to the aforementioned axial play, which is always present in devices of the prior art, vibrations cannot occur in the subject of the invention due to the lack of this axial play. On the other hand, the air chamber as a damping element with the compressed air as a damping medium has a spring characteristic value that is practically constant from a possible vibration amplitude due to the size relationships. This is in contrast to conventional spring-elastic damping elements. However, this dampens a vibration regardless of the amplitude. In addition, this damping force can be easily adapted to temporary conditions at any time by changing the operating pressure, even during operation.

Another variant [not shown in the figures] of a locking and damping device 7 has at least one air chamber 7.1 which is also variable in size and which is likewise arranged essentially axially parallel to the control device 3, but not coaxially. Preferably two or more such air chambers are provided. Their structure and mode of operation essentially correspond to that of the coaxial air chamber. Also the connection with a positioning device (7.5), which is set up on the one hand to interact with a component corresponding to the front end ring (7.3.1) and on the other hand with the control device (3) and fixes each of the control positions by latching the control device relative to the cover functional of the first variant described above.

To dampen the transmission of vibrations from the ram housing (1) to the control device (3), the compressed air is provided or used in at least one of the air chambers (7.1) as a force storage element or as a damping element, and these air chambers as well as the connecting bore with respect to their dimensions are assigned to this function Voted.

The advantage of such a multiple air chamber lies in the increased safety during operation, because in the event of an air chamber failing due to contamination, etc., the operational safety is still ensured by the other air chambers.

ADVANTAGES

Such a damping device, which is independent of a progressive spring travel, ie of the vibration path / vibration amplitude, is particularly advantageous because it improves the damping of the control device compared to the ram housing by orders of magnitude. The consequence of this is that the control edges of the control device are always geometrically in the correct place, that is to say the control of the percussion piston movement can be carried out much more precisely. This requires a substantial reduction in the resonance conditions of the ram boring device or the control device. As a result, the control device breaks much less than with other damping devices.

Such vibrations of the control device with respect to the ram housing can only be damped and cannot be switched off in principle, since the control device always has a small axial play due to the rotation required for switching from one control position to another. This generally moves in the order of 0.1 mm. however, this is enough to cause enormous peaks due to the undamped vibrations. With the vibration damping according to the application, these vibrational forces are drastically reduced.

In addition, the damping becomes better the higher the operating pressure of the compressed air used for the damping. Thus, when using the operating compressed air for the damping, on the one hand a higher machine performance can be achieved by increasing the pressure thereof and on the other hand an improvement in the damping. This is in contrast to the devices of the prior art, in which one always has a higher device performance with a higher vibration stress and thus usually earlier breakage of a device part, generally. the control device.

A further advantage arises from the fact that when the locking force is applied by compressed air, this locking force is eliminated when the compressed air supply is switched off, i.e. when the reversing process takes place, so that the device can be switched over effortlessly, since only against the locking force of the spring, the rotation is carried out and not also Locking force must be overcome. This enables a very high locking force, which does not lead to a reversal of the ram boring device or to an undefined control position and thus the ram boring device remaining in the borehole even in the event of a collapsed borehole. This also avoids time-consuming and expensive salvage work for a ram boring device that is stuck in the borehole.

REFERENCES

1

Ram housing

2nd

Percussion piston

2.1

Annulus

2.2

Percussion piston tip

2.3

rear area of the percussion piston

2.4

Inner surface of the percussion piston

3rd

Control device

3.1

outer surface of the control device

3.2

outer end of the control device

3.3

inner end of the control device

3.4

1st set of control edges

3.5

2nd set of control edges

3.6

Control openings of the percussion piston

4th

cover

4.1

cylindrical inner surface / wall of the cover

5

Hose connection

6

Air supply hose

7

Locking and damping device

7.1

Air chamber / locking and damping element

7.2

first end wall

7.2.1

rear end ring

7.3

second bulkhead

7.3.1

front end ring

7.4

Force storage element, spring

7.5

Positioning device

7.5.1

Spur toothing

7.5.2

wave-shaped spur toothing

7.5.3

Locking ring

7.5.4

Locking flange

7.6

Sealing element / O-ring

8th

Connecting line

8.1

Connecting hole

9

Compressed air-carrying room / central bore

11

Rotary limiter

11.1

Groove

11.2

pen

Claims (16)

Process for reversing a compressed air driven ramming device for its control positions forward or backward running in the ground, whereby a percussion piston executes forward and reverse movements within the ramming device and a control device controls all these movements in cooperation with the percussion piston, characterized in that for reversing a rotation against a relatively low cogging force is used and the force of the operating compressed air is used to lock the control device in the individual control positions and to dampen the transmission of vibrations from a ram housing to the control device, as a result of which reversal of the ramming device during the application of operating compressed air is reliable is prevented. Ramming device with a forward run and / or a backward run, in particular for carrying out the method according to claim 1, with a ram housing (1) having a striking head, in which a striking piston (2) can be moved axially back and forth by compressed air, a control device (3 ) controls the compressed air in such a way that during the forward run of the ramming device the percussion piston (2) hits the front or when it runs backwards on the back of the ram housing (1), this control device (3) on the one hand in the part of the percussion piston facing away from the percussion piston tip (2) protrudes and interacts with control openings in the percussion piston (2) which effect the control of forward movement and return movement of the percussion piston (2), and on the other hand in one the ram housing (1) final cover (4) is slidably connected, and is connected to a hose connection (5) which is guided through this cover (4) for connection to an air supply hose (6) and that a locking device (7) is provided for the control device (3), which this Temporarily fixed in relation to the cover (4) in its individual switching positions, which are set by turning the air supply hose (6), characterized in that the locking device (7) is also designed as a damping device, with at least one in its locking and damping element A variable air chamber (7.1) is provided and is arranged substantially axially parallel to the control device (3), the air chamber (7.1) being delimited at the end by a rear and a front end ring (7.2.1 or 7.3.1) which can be axially displaced relative to one another are that the rear end ring (7.2.1) with the control device (3) and the front section lussring (7.3.1) can be connected or connected to the cover (4) or the ram housing (1) such that on the one hand an outer jacket surface (3.1) of the control device (3) as the axial wall of the air chamber (7.1) and on the other hand a cylinder-like inner surface ( 4.1) of the cover (4) that at least two force storage elements (7.4) pushing them apart are provided between the end rings (7.2.1 or 7.3.1) and that a positioning device (7.5) is also provided which on the one hand interacts with the front end ring (7.3.1) and, on the other hand, is equipped with the control device (3), the air chamber (7.1) being connected by a connecting line (8) to a space (9) carrying the compressed air and which can be filled or emptied with compressed air , whereby the compressed air prevents a reversal during the forward or reverse run. Ramming device according to claim 2, characterized in that the air chamber (7.1) is arranged coaxially to the control device (3) in the region of the cover (4). A ramming device according to claim 2, characterized in that the air chamber (7.1) is arranged in at least two copies in the area of the cover (4). Ramming device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the positioning device (7.5) consists of a locking flange (7.5.4) connected to the control device (3) and a locking ring (7.5.3.) On the front end ring (7.3.1) ) exists, the locking ring and locking flange are each designed as counterparts to each other and each have a mutually opposite spur toothing (7.5.2) on their contact surfaces. A ramming device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the positioning device (7.5) each consists of a locking flange (7.5.4) connected to the control device (3) and a locking ring (7.5.3) which is attached to the front end ring (7.3. 1) of the air chamber (7.1) is arranged, each of which is designed as a counterpart to one another and on its contact surfaces one opposite each other Wear wave-shaped splines (7.5.2). Ramming device according to one of claims 5 or 6, characterized in that each of the flanks of the spur toothing (7.5.1 or 7.5.2) is arranged in a central angle range from 10 to 45 ^o . Ramming device according to claim 7, characterized in that the flanks of each pair of flanks of the spur toothing (7.5.1 or 7.5.2) have the same absolute value of the flank pitch. Ramming device according to claim 7, characterized in that the flanks of each pair of flanks of the spur toothing (7.5.1 or 7.5.2) have a different absolute value of the flank pitch. Ramming device according to claim 7, characterized in that the top edges of the spur toothing (7.5.1) are rounded. A ramming device according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the connecting line (8) is designed as at least one connecting hole (8.1) in the control device (3). A ramming device according to claim 11, characterized in that one of the force storage elements (7.4) is at least one helical spring for determining the resistance to rotation in cooperation with the flank angle or flank angles of the spur toothing (7.5.1 or 7.5.2). A ramming device according to claim 11, characterized in that another of the force storage elements (7.4) is compressed air for determining the locking force in cooperation with the flank angle or flank angles of the spur toothing (7.5.1 or 7.5.2). A ramming device according to one of claims 2 to 13, characterized in that the compressed air is provided in at least one of the air chambers (7.1) as a force storage element for damping the transmission of vibrations from the ram housing (1) to the control device (3). Rammer according to one of claims 2 to 14, characterized in that the positioning device (7.5) has a non-loaded during operation of the Rammer rotation limiter (11) having a rotational movement slightly 110 ^o, allows larger than a quarter of a turn, preferably, said rotation limiter during of the forward run or backward run is relieved and has no holding function. Ramming device according to claim 15, characterized in that this rotation limiter (11) has a groove (11.1) which is arranged on the geometric jacket of the latching flange (7.5.4) and into which a pin (11.2) engages, which emerges from the front end ring ( 7.3.1) protrudes above the locking ring (7.5.3).

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