EP0446332B1 - Device and process for mixing bars of powdered propelling charge - Google Patents

Device and process for mixing bars of powdered propelling charge Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0446332B1
EP0446332B1 EP90914719A EP90914719A EP0446332B1 EP 0446332 B1 EP0446332 B1 EP 0446332B1 EP 90914719 A EP90914719 A EP 90914719A EP 90914719 A EP90914719 A EP 90914719A EP 0446332 B1 EP0446332 B1 EP 0446332B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
belt
loop
sticks
drums
powder
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP90914719A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0446332A1 (en
Inventor
Helmut Kleinhans
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WNC Nitrochemie GmbH
Nitrochemie Aschau GmbH
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WNC Nitrochemie GmbH
Nitrochemie Aschau GmbH
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Priority to AT90914719T priority Critical patent/ATE97019T1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F33/00—Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B21/00—Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
    • C06B21/0008—Compounding the ingredient
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F33/00—Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
    • B01F33/27—Mixers having moving endless chains or belts, e.g. provided with paddles, as mixing elements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an apparatus and a method for mixing propellant powder sticks.
  • Propellant powder is conventionally produced in individual batches.
  • the properties of the propellant powder vary to a certain extent from batch to batch, since the production conditions prevailing in the production of one batch are not exactly reproducible for the production of another batch.
  • different batches of a powder type are mixed with one another.
  • US-A-2 312 444 discloses a device for mixing propellant powder grains with a flexible cloth which is freely suspended in the form of a bag for holding the powder and can be periodically raised or lowered at its three corners by means of a mechanical lever device. This periodic movement mixes the propellant powder in the cloth.
  • the present invention is based on the object of specifying an apparatus and a method for mechanically mixing propellant powder sticks.
  • propellant powder sticks or “powder sticks” within the meaning of this invention also include those propellant charge powders or powders which have a perforated, tubular, polygonal or other cross section that deviates from the usual cross-sectional shape of a "stick”.
  • the propellant powder rods are inserted with their longitudinal direction transverse to the direction of movement of the flexible band in the sagging loop formed by the band and by back and forth Movement of the belt mixed between the (loop) drums.
  • the propellant powder sticks roll lengthways one above the other and one below the other, with intensive mixing taking place. Because the length of the flexible band in the loop between the two loop or deflection drums can be changed, the bending line of the band loop can also be changed, which means that the propellant powder rods roll particularly intensely with one another and one above the other.
  • Another advantage of the device according to the invention and the method according to the invention is that the special safety requirements for handling propellant powder are met to a high degree by the automation of the mixing process.
  • the belt is closed endlessly and is guided outside the loop via at least one drive drum which can be driven in both directions of rotation, and in the other alternative the flexible belt is finally formed and runs back and forth between two winding drums which can be driven in both directions of rotation.
  • the loop drums are designed as deflection drums.
  • the device can contain switching mechanisms which detect the greatest extent of the loop, for example by a sensor below the band on its periphery.
  • a sensor can, for example, be a capacitive sensor.
  • a control device for periodically changing the loop length between a minimum and a maximum value during the reciprocating movement of the belt can advantageously be provided.
  • At least one of the two loop drums is preferably adjustable in height, so that at least one of the deflection points can be lowered or raised.
  • By lifting one of the loop drums on one side and / or by possibly simultaneously lowering the other loop drum it is possible to tension the flexible belt for an automatic emptying of the device to an inclined plane.
  • the mixed propellant powder sticks can then be loaded gently into available containers or onto further conveyor belts and other mixing devices due to the adjustable incline of the inclined plane.
  • An automatic loading of the device with powder bars is also possible by means of this development of the invention: by setting a correspondingly slight sag of the belt in its inclined plane position by extending the belt between the loop drums, the powder bars can be rolled gently into the trough formed. For the mixing process, the belt length between the loop drums is then increased further, so that a sagging loop is created again.
  • the flexible antistatic belt can be a standard conveyor belt. It can furthermore have cross studs on its side facing the inside of the loop to further promote the mixing of the propellant powder rods, which preferably have a triangular cross section.
  • a boundary wall oriented transversely to the plane of the belt is provided on both open sides of the belt loop, the mutual distance between which is selected to be somewhat larger than the length of the propellant powder rods.
  • the boundary walls advantageously prevent propellant powder rods from sliding down during the mixing process.
  • the distance between the two boundary walls can be adjusted to match the length of the powder bars and that the belt can be exchanged for a wider or narrower one, if necessary.
  • the length of the band in the loop is periodically changed between a minimum and a maximum value during the back and forth movement.
  • the minimum value of the length of the band in the loop is preferably between 40 and 50% of the maximum value of its length.
  • the weight of the inserted propellant powder rods is determined when the device is loaded and the loading process is automatically stopped as a function of a comparison to be carried out of the determined weight with the target weight of a load and the mixing process begins when the target Weight of the load is reached.
  • Fig. 1 shows a device for mixing propellant powder rods 30 with a box-shaped rollable machine frame.
  • This machine frame comprises four vertical bars, of which only the vertical bars 10, 11 are visible in this illustration.
  • the vertical spars 10, 11 and the other two vertical spars located behind them in the plane of the drawing are each connected to one another by a lower and an upper longitudinal spar 19, 20, and these longitudinal spars 19, 20 in turn take pairs between them by means of upper guide rods 23 and lower guide rods 24 two cross bars 21, 22 each (Fig. 2).
  • the vertical bars are equipped with rollers 12 on the bottom.
  • the loop drums 2, 3 are mounted on the vertical bars 10, 11 and on the vertical bars behind them, which are designed as deflection rollers for the flexible band 1 which sags in a loop between the loop drums 2, 3.
  • the flexible belt 1 is designed as a finite belt and runs directly over each deflection drum 2, 3 to a winding drum 4, 5, which are arranged on the transverse sides of the machine frame.
  • the winding drums 4, 5 can be driven - preferably at different peripheral speeds - via drives 6, 7 also arranged on the transverse side of the machine frame.
  • the drives 6, 7 are designed as frequency-controlled, explosion-proof motors of commercial design with a high transmission ratio and are connected to the winding drums 4, 5 via a belt drive.
  • a chain drive can also be used as an alternative to the belt drive.
  • the flexible band 1 runs from its one end, wound on the winding drum 4, over the deflection or loop drum 2 to form a bending line and is supported on the upper cross members 21, over the other deflection or loop drum 3 to the second Winding drum 5. If the winding drums 4, 5 are driven at different circumferential speeds, the flexible band 1 is lengthened or shortened and the periphery of the bending line of the flexible band 1 moves in the vertical direction between a maximum and a minimum value. Depending on the filling of the flexible band 1 and depending on its length, it may be based on the lower cross members 22 (Fig. 2).
  • the flexible band 1 can be equipped on its side facing the inside of the loop with cross studs 31 which promote the mixing of the inserted powder bars 30.
  • the lateral boundary walls 8, 9 On each of the two open sides of the belt loop 1 there is a boundary wall 8, 9 which is oriented transversely to the plane of the belt 1 and which can be displaced in the transverse direction on the upper and lower guide rods 23, 24 (FIG. 2), thereby adjusting their lateral spacing is variable to different lengths of the propellant powder rods 30.
  • the lateral boundary walls 8, 9 On the bottom side, the lateral boundary walls 8, 9 essentially have a shape adapted to the sagging loop of the flexible band 1.
  • the deflection or loop drum 3 is designed to be movable in the vertical direction by means of a drive which, for example, is accommodated in the vertical spar 11 and consists of a hydraulic piston / cylinder arrangement 13, 14 .
  • the vertical adjustability of the deflection drum 3 makes it possible to tension the flexible belt 1 to an inclined plane for discharge purposes, which is shown in FIG. 1 by the broken line of the deflection drum 3 'and the belt 1'.
  • the propellant powder rods 30 can roll laterally from the belt 1' into the containers provided or onto further conveyor belts.
  • FIG. 2 shows a view of the device in viewing direction X of FIG. 1.
  • the bearings 18 for the deflection drum 3 rest on the two adjacent vertical bars 11, 11 ', which can be moved vertically in the direction of arrow 26 by a drive described above by way of example.
  • the upper cross member 21 is located, which is connected to the longitudinal beam 19 (FIG. 1) by means of the upper guide rod 23.
  • the bearings 15 for the winding drum, which receives one end of the flexible band 1, are fastened to the vertical bars 11, 11 '.
  • the winding drum 5 has on its drive side a pulley 16 which is operatively connected via a belt to an underlying pulley 17 of the drive 7, which is attached to the vertical beam 11.
  • the lateral boundary walls 8, 9 can be displaced axially on the upper and lower guide rods 23, 24 into the positions shown in broken lines in the arrow direction 25 by the reference symbols 8 ', 9'.
  • the radial flanges 27, 28 can be moved axially on the deflection drums 2, 3 or on the winding drums 4, 5, likewise in the direction of arrow 25.
  • the two drives 6, 7 are connected to a control device for periodically changing the loop length between a minimum and a maximum value during the back and forth movement of the belt.
  • the method according to the invention for mixing propellant powder sticks is described with the aid of the device explained above and preferably proceeds as follows: First, the powder bars 30 are inserted into the upwardly open and freely sagging loop of the flexible belt 1 in such a way that the longitudinal extension of the powder bars 30 extends transversely to the direction of movement of the belt 1 in the loop. During the loading process, the weight of the powder bars 30 loaded is determined by means of a corresponding device (not explained in more detail here) and the loading process is stopped when the target weight of a batch has been reached.
  • the flexible belt 1 executes a movement which is composed of a superposition of two basic movements.
  • the first basic movement of the belt 1 is generated in that the winding drums 4, 5 with the same winding speed turn and one winding drum winds up the tape 1, while the other winding drum unwinds the tape 1.
  • the belt 1 runs at a constant belt speed while maintaining the loop shape between the two deflection drums 2, 3-.
  • the direction of movement of the strip 1 is automatically reversed.
  • the second basic movement of the flexible band 1 is that both winding drums 4, 5 wind up or both, whereupon the length of the band between the two deflection drums 2, 3 shortens or lengthens and the loop changes its bending line in a vertical direction executes.
  • appropriate measuring and reversing devices ensure that the belt 1 is not completely tightened during the mixing process or does not touch the ground.
  • the resulting movement used in the mixing process is generated in that one of the winding drums 4, 5 winds up the band 1, while the other unwinds the band, the two winding drums 4, 5 rotating at different winding speeds.
  • the result is that the belt 1 moves according to the first basic movement, but at the same time the loop is shortened or lengthened by the different winding speeds of the winding drums 4, 5, that is to say moves in the vertical direction.
  • the second basic movement is realized in that the winding drums 4, 5 perform a winding or unwinding of the tape 1 due to their different winding speeds.
  • the shortening or lengthening of the loop - corresponding to the second basic movement - has a shorter period than the back and forth movement of the band 1 in the loop corresponding to the first basic movement.
  • the period for shortening or lengthening the loop is 30 seconds
  • the period for the back and forth movement of belt 1 is 3 minutes

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mixers With Rotating Receptacles And Mixers With Vibration Mechanisms (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Accessories For Mixers (AREA)
  • Mixers Of The Rotary Stirring Type (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention relates to a device and a process for mixing bars of powdered propelling charge. The device comprises a flexible belt (1) freely suspended in a loop between two drums (2, 3) with parallel axes located at a radial distance apart. The belt (1) can be oscillated between the drums (2, 3) by a drive (6, 7). The belt (1) is endless and can be oscillated between two coiling drums (4, 5) each of which can rotate clockwise and anticlockwise by means of the drives (6, 7). The bars of powdered propelling charge to be mixed (30) are placed in the suspended loop of the flexible belt (1) perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the belt and mixed with each other by the oscillating movement of the belt (1). During mixing, the loop is periodically lengthened and shortened.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren zum Mischen von Treibladungspulver-Stangen.The invention relates to an apparatus and a method for mixing propellant powder sticks.

Treibladungspulver wird konventionell in einzelnen Chargen hergestellt. Die Eigenschaften des Treibladungspulvers variieren in einem gewissen Umfang von Charge zu Charge, da die bei der Herstellung einer Charge herrschenden Produktionsbedingungen für die Herstellung einer anderen Charge nicht genau reproduzierbar sind. Um die Streuung der Eigenschaften des Treibladungspulvers um ein vorgegebenes Mittelmaß herum zu minimieren und somit langfristig eine gleichmäßige Qualität zu erzielen, werden verschiedene Chargen eines Pulvertyps miteinander gemischt.Propellant powder is conventionally produced in individual batches. The properties of the propellant powder vary to a certain extent from batch to batch, since the production conditions prevailing in the production of one batch are not exactly reproducible for the production of another batch. In order to minimize the spread of the properties of the propellant charge powder around a given median and thus achieve uniform quality in the long term, different batches of a powder type are mixed with one another.

Die US-A-2 312 444 offenbart eine Vorrichtung zum Mischen von Treibladungspulver -körnern mit einem flexiblen Tuch, das in Form eines Beutels zur Aufnahme des Pulvers frei durchhängt und mittels einer mechanischen Hebeleinrichtung an seinen drei Ecken periodisch angehoben bzw. abgesenkt werden kann. Durch diese periodische Bewegung wir das in dem Tuch befindliche Treibladungpulver durchgemischt.US-A-2 312 444 discloses a device for mixing propellant powder grains with a flexible cloth which is freely suspended in the form of a bag for holding the powder and can be periodically raised or lowered at its three corners by means of a mechanical lever device. This periodic movement mixes the propellant powder in the cloth.

Bei stangenförmigem Treibladungspulver erfolgt das Mischen bislang noch in Handarbeit unter strikter Einhaltung vorgegebener Mischregeln, bei denen beispielsweise nebeneinander auf einem Mischtisch liegende Chargen von Treibladungspulver-Stangen anteilig miteinander vertauscht werden. Zwar sind in der Vergangenheit Versuche mit Mischtrommeln zur Automatisierung des Mischvorganges gemacht worden, jedoch ohne Erfolg, weil sich die Treibladungspulver-Stangen in den Mischtrommeln quer stellten, miteinander verhakten und die weitere Bewegung der Stangen blockierten, so daß keine Mischung mehr stattfand. Ein weiterer Nachteil der Mischtrommel-Methode zeigte sich beim Entladen der Mischtrommeln: Die unausgerichtet quer durcheinander liegenden Stangen mußten zu Ausrichtung erst auf einen Rüttler oder Sortierer gegeben werden, bevor sie weiteren Produktionsschritten zugeführt werden konnten.In the case of rod-shaped propellant powder, mixing has so far been carried out by hand in strict compliance with specified mixing rules, in which, for example, batches of propellant powder rods lying next to one another on a mixing table are interchanged proportionately with one another. Tests with mixing drums have been used for automation in the past of the mixing process, but to no avail, because the propellant powder sticks in the mixing drums stood crosswise, got caught and blocked the further movement of the sticks, so that no more mixing took place. Another disadvantage of the mixing drum method emerged when the mixing drums were unloaded: the unaligned bars lying cross-wise had to be placed on a vibrator or sorter before they could be fed into further production steps.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren zum maschinellen Mischen von Treibladungspulver-Stangen anzugeben.The present invention is based on the object of specifying an apparatus and a method for mechanically mixing propellant powder sticks.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß mit einer Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 1 und ein Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 17 gelöst.This object is achieved according to the invention with a device according to claim 1 and a method according to claim 17.

Die Begriffe "Treibladungspulver-Stangen" bzw. "Pulverstangen" im Sinne dieser Erfindung umfassen auch solche Treibladungspulver bzw. Pulver, die einen gelochten, röhrenförmigen, polygonalen oder einen sonstigen, von der üblichen Querschnittsform einer "Stange" abweichenden Querschnitt haben.The terms "propellant powder sticks" or "powder sticks" within the meaning of this invention also include those propellant charge powders or powders which have a perforated, tubular, polygonal or other cross section that deviates from the usual cross-sectional shape of a "stick".

Anhand der Erfindung werden die Treibladungspulver-Stangen mit ihrer Längsrichtung quer zur Bewegungsrichtung des flexiblen Bandes in die durch das Band gebildete durchhängende Schleife eingelegt und durch Hin- und Herbewegung des Bandes zwischen den (Schleifen-) Trommeln miteinander gemischt. Dabei rollen die Treibladungspulver-Stangen ihrer Länge nach ausgerichtet übereinander und untereinander her, wobei eine intensive Durchmischung stattfindet. Weil dabei die Länge des flexiblen Bandes in der Schleife zwischen den beiden Schleifen- bzw. Umlenktrommeln veränderbar ist, ist auch die Biegelinie der Bandschleife veränderbar, wodurch erreicht wird, daß die Treibladungspulver-Stangen besonders intensive untereinander und übereinander herrollen.Based on the invention, the propellant powder rods are inserted with their longitudinal direction transverse to the direction of movement of the flexible band in the sagging loop formed by the band and by back and forth Movement of the belt mixed between the (loop) drums. The propellant powder sticks roll lengthways one above the other and one below the other, with intensive mixing taking place. Because the length of the flexible band in the loop between the two loop or deflection drums can be changed, the bending line of the band loop can also be changed, which means that the propellant powder rods roll particularly intensely with one another and one above the other.

Durch die erfindungsgemäße Lösung entfällt die mühsame Handmischmethode, wodurch eine Senkung der Herstellungskosten erzielbar ist. Zudem wird eine sehr gute und gleichförmige Mischung der Treibladungspulver-Stangen unterschiedlicher Chargen erreicht. Insgesamt ist mit der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung bzw. mit dem Verfahren der Ablauf der herkömmlichen, nach präzisen Vorgaben arbeitenden Handmischung mit den Vorteilen einer Automatisierung (z. B. Zuverlässigkeit, Kostenersparnis) simulierbar. Zur Anpassung an die verschiedensten Vorgaben zur Durchmischung können beispielsweise auch mehrere erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtungen hintereinander geschaltet oder das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren in mehreren aufeinanderfolgend durchzuführenden Verfahrensabläufen mit unterschiedlichen Mischvorgaben ausgeführt werden.The laborious manual mixing method is eliminated by the solution according to the invention, as a result of which a reduction in the production costs can be achieved. In addition, a very good and uniform mixture of the propellant powder sticks of different batches is achieved. Overall, with the device according to the invention or with the method, the sequence of the conventional manual mixture working according to precise specifications can be simulated with the advantages of automation (e.g. reliability, cost savings). In order to adapt to the most diverse requirements for mixing, it is also possible, for example, to connect a plurality of devices according to the invention in series or to carry out the method according to the invention in a plurality of successive process sequences with different mixing specifications.

Ein weiterer Vorteil der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung bzw. des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens liegt darin, daß die besonderen Sicherheitsanforderungen bei der Handhabung von Treibladungspulver durch die Automatisierung des Mischvorganges in hohem Maße erfüllt sind.Another advantage of the device according to the invention and the method according to the invention is that the special safety requirements for handling propellant powder are met to a high degree by the automation of the mixing process.

Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Vorrichtung bzw. des Verfahrens sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.Advantageous developments of the device and the method are specified in the subclaims.

So werden für die Ausbildung des flexiblen Bandes beispielhaft zwei Alternativen vorgeschlagen. Bei der ersten ist das Band endlos geschlossen und außerhalb der Schleife über mindestens eine in beiden Drehrichtungen antreibbare Antriebstrommel geführt, und bei der anderen Alternative ist das flexible Band endlich ausgebildet und läuft zwischen zwei jeweils in beiden Drehrichtungen antreibbaren Wickeltrommeln hin und her. Bei beiden Alternativen ist vorzugsweise vorgesehen, daß die Schleifen-Trommeln als Umlenktrommeln ausgebildet sind.For example, two alternatives are proposed for the formation of the flexible band. In the first, the belt is closed endlessly and is guided outside the loop via at least one drive drum which can be driven in both directions of rotation, and in the other alternative the flexible belt is finally formed and runs back and forth between two winding drums which can be driven in both directions of rotation. In both alternatives, it is preferably provided that the loop drums are designed as deflection drums.

Zu der zweiten Alternative der Ausbildung des flexiblen Bandes ist in Verbindung mit den Umlenktrommeln vorteilhafterweise vorgesehen, daß das Band von jeder Umlenktrommel unmittelbar zu je einer der beiden Wickeltrommeln verläuft.For the second alternative of the formation of the flexible belt, it is advantageously provided in connection with the deflection drums that the belt runs directly from each deflection drum to one of the two winding drums.

Um zu verhindern, daß sich die Schleife über eine bestimmte Größe hinaus vergrößert oder das flexible Band während des Mischvorganges vollständig gespannt wird, kann die Vorrichtung Schaltmechanismen enthalten, welche die größte Ausdehnung der Schleife beispielsweise durch einen Sensor unterhalb des Bandes an seiner Peripherie erfaßt. Ein derartiger Sensor kann beispielhaft ein kapazitiver Sensor sein. Zwei weitere induktive Sensoren, die mit Kupferstreifen an den Bandenden zusammenarbeiten, bewerkstelligen die Umschaltung für die periodischen Hin- und Herbewegungen des Bandes.In order to prevent the loop from expanding beyond a certain size or the flexible band from being completely stretched during the mixing process, the device can contain switching mechanisms which detect the greatest extent of the loop, for example by a sensor below the band on its periphery. Such a sensor can, for example, be a capacitive sensor. Two other inductive sensors, which work together with copper strips at the ends of the belt, switch over the periodic back and forth movements of the belt.

Zum Verändern der Länge des flexiblen Bandes in der Schleife, d. h. zwischen den beiden Umlenktrommeln, werden wiederum beispielhaft zwei Alternativen vorgeschlagen. Nach der ersten ist mindestens eine, dem Band außerhalb der Schleife zugeordnete Tänzerrolle vorgesehen, die zur Veränderung der Schleifen-Länge radial verstellbar ist. Die zweite Alternative sieht in vorteilhafter Weise vor, daß die Schleifen-Länge durch Antrieb der beiden Wickeltrommeln mit unterschiedlicher Umfangsgeschwindigkeit veränderbar ist. Prinzipiell wäre hier auch eine unterschiedliche Drehrichtung der Wickeltrommeln denkbar.To change the length of the flexible band in the loop, i.e. H. between the two deflection drums, two alternatives are again proposed as examples. After the first, there is at least one dancer roll assigned to the band outside the loop, which is radially adjustable to change the length of the loop. The second alternative advantageously provides that the loop length can be changed by driving the two winding drums at different peripheral speeds. In principle, a different direction of rotation of the winding drums would also be conceivable here.

Mit dem Erfolg einer weiteren Steigerung des Mischergebnisses kann in vorteilhafter Weise eine Steuereinrichtung zur periodischen Veränderung der Schleifen-Länge zwischen einem Minimal- und einem Maximalwert während der Hin- und Herbewegung des Bandes vorgesehen sein.With the success of a further increase in the mixing result, a control device for periodically changing the loop length between a minimum and a maximum value during the reciprocating movement of the belt can advantageously be provided.

Vorzugsweise ist mindestens eine der beiden Schleifen-Trommeln in der Höhe verstellbar, so daß mindestens einer der Umlenkpunkte abgesenkt bzw. angehoben werden kann. Durch ein einseitiges Anheben einer der Schleifen-Trommeln und/oder durch ein gegebenenfalls gleichzeitiges Absenken der anderen Schleifen-Trommel ist es möglich, das flexible Band zur automatischen Entleerung der Vorrichtung zu einer schiefen Ebene zu spannen. Die gemischten Treibladungspulver-Stangen können dann durch die einstellbare Steigung der schiefen Ebene sanft in bereitgestellte Behälter oder auf weiterführende Transportbänder sowie weitere Mischvorrichtungen geladen werden. Auch ein automatisches Beladen der Vorrichtung mit Pulverstangen ist mittels dieser Weiterbildung der Erfindung möglich: Durch Einstellen eines entsprechend geringfügigen Durchhangs des Bandes in seiner Schiefen-Ebene-Position mittels Verlängerung des Bandes zwischen den Schleifen-Trommeln sind die Pulverstangen sanft in die gebildete Mulde rollbar. Für den Mischvorgang wird die Bandlänge zwischen den Schleifen-Trommeln dann weiter vergrößert, so daß wieder eine durchhängende Schleife entsteht.At least one of the two loop drums is preferably adjustable in height, so that at least one of the deflection points can be lowered or raised. By lifting one of the loop drums on one side and / or by possibly simultaneously lowering the other loop drum, it is possible to tension the flexible belt for an automatic emptying of the device to an inclined plane. The mixed propellant powder sticks can then be loaded gently into available containers or onto further conveyor belts and other mixing devices due to the adjustable incline of the inclined plane. An automatic loading of the device with powder bars is also possible by means of this development of the invention: by setting a correspondingly slight sag of the belt in its inclined plane position by extending the belt between the loop drums, the powder bars can be rolled gently into the trough formed. For the mixing process, the belt length between the loop drums is then increased further, so that a sagging loop is created again.

Das flexible antistatisch ausgerüstete Band kann ein handelsübliches Förderband sein. Es kann ferner auf seiner in das Innere der Schleife weisenden Seite zur weiteren Förderung der Durchmischung der Treibladungspulver-Stangen Querstollen aufweisen, welche bevorzugt einen dreieckigen Querschnitt haben.The flexible antistatic belt can be a standard conveyor belt. It can furthermore have cross studs on its side facing the inside of the loop to further promote the mixing of the propellant powder rods, which preferably have a triangular cross section.

In besonders bevorzugter Weise ist an beiden offenen Seiten der Bandschleife je eine quer zur Ebene des Bandes ausgerichtete Begrenzungswand vorgesehen, deren gegenseitiger Abstand etwas größer als die Länge der Treibladungspulver-Stangen gewählt ist. Die Begrenzungswände verhindern in vorteilhafter Weise das Herunterrutschen von Treibladungspulver-Stangen während des Mischvorganges.In a particularly preferred manner, a boundary wall oriented transversely to the plane of the belt is provided on both open sides of the belt loop, the mutual distance between which is selected to be somewhat larger than the length of the propellant powder rods. The boundary walls advantageously prevent propellant powder rods from sliding down during the mixing process.

Um Pulverstangen beliebiger Längen mischen zu können, ist vorzugsweise vorgesehen, daß der Abstand der beiden Begrenzungswände zur Anpassung an die Länge der Pulverstangen verstellbar und das Band gegebenenfalls gegen ein breiteres oder schmäleres austauschbar ist.In order to be able to mix powder bars of any length, it is preferably provided that the distance between the two boundary walls can be adjusted to match the length of the powder bars and that the belt can be exchanged for a wider or narrower one, if necessary.

Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens beziehen sich im wesentlichen auf verschiedene Einflußnahmen auf die Hin- und Herbewegung des flexiblen Bandes.Advantageous further developments of the method according to the invention essentially relate to various influences on the back and forth movement of the flexible band.

So ist beispielsweise vorgesehen, daß die Länge des Bandes in der Schleife während der Hin- und Herbewegung periodisch zwischen einem Minimal- und einem Maximalwert verändert wird. Vorzugsweise liegt der Minimalwert der Länge des Bandes in der Schleife zwischen 40 und 50 % des Maximalwertes seiner Länge.For example, it is provided that the length of the band in the loop is periodically changed between a minimum and a maximum value during the back and forth movement. The minimum value of the length of the band in the loop is preferably between 40 and 50% of the maximum value of its length.

Weitere Angaben betreffen bevorzugte Werte für die Geschwindigkeit des Bandes, welche mit einem Mittelwert von ca. 3 m/min. angegeben wird, für die Periodendauer einer Hin- und Herbewegung des Bandes, welche zwischen 2 und 30 Minuten beträgt, sowie für die Periodendauer einer Schleifen-Veränderung, welche mit einem Wert zwischen 10 und 150 sec. angegeben ist.Further details relate to preferred values for the speed of the belt, which have an average value of approx. 3 m / min. is specified for the period of a back and forth movement of the belt, which is between 2 and 30 minutes, and for the period of a loop change, which is specified with a value between 10 and 150 sec.

Zur weiteren Automatisierung des Verfahrens ist vorteilhafterweise vorgesehen, daß man das Gewicht der eingelegten Treibladungspulver-Stangen beim Beladen der Vorrichtung ermittelt und den Beladevorgang automatisch in Abhängigkeit eines durchzuführenden Vergleichs des ermittelten Gewichts mit dem SollGewicht einer Beladung stoppt und den Mischvorgang beginnt, wenn das Soll-Gewicht der Beladung erreicht ist.For further automation of the method, it is advantageously provided that the weight of the inserted propellant powder rods is determined when the device is loaded and the loading process is automatically stopped as a function of a comparison to be carried out of the determined weight with the target weight of a load and the mixing process begins when the target Weight of the load is reached.

Im folgenden wird ein bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung anhand einer Zeichnung näher erläutert.A preferred exemplary embodiment of the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to a drawing.

Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine Seitenansicht der Vorrichtung; und
Fig. 2
eine Vorderansicht der Vorrichtung in Blickrichtung X der Fig. 1.
Show it:
Fig. 1
a side view of the device; and
Fig. 2
2 shows a front view of the device in viewing direction X of FIG. 1.

Fig. 1 zeigt eine Vorrichtung zum Mischen von Treibladungspulver-Stangen 30 mit einem kastenförmigen rollbaren Maschinengestell. Dieses Maschinengestell umfaßt vier Vertikalholme, von denen in dieser Darstellung nur die Vertikalholme 10, 11 sichtbar sind. Die Vertikalholme 10, 11 sowie die in der Zeichenebene dahinterliegenden anderen beiden Vertikalholme sind jeweils durch einen unteren und einen oberen Längsholm 19, 20 miteinander verbunden, und diese Längsholme 19, 20 nehmen ihrerseits paarweise zwischen sich mit Hilfe von oberen Führungsstangen 23 und unteren Führungsstangen 24 je zwei Querholme 21, 22 auf (Fig. 2). Zur besseren Beweglichkeit des Maschinengestells sind die Vertikalholme bodenseitig mit Rollen 12 ausgerüstet.Fig. 1 shows a device for mixing propellant powder rods 30 with a box-shaped rollable machine frame. This machine frame comprises four vertical bars, of which only the vertical bars 10, 11 are visible in this illustration. The vertical spars 10, 11 and the other two vertical spars located behind them in the plane of the drawing are each connected to one another by a lower and an upper longitudinal spar 19, 20, and these longitudinal spars 19, 20 in turn take pairs between them by means of upper guide rods 23 and lower guide rods 24 two cross bars 21, 22 each (Fig. 2). For better mobility of the machine frame, the vertical bars are equipped with rollers 12 on the bottom.

Auf den Vertikalholmen 10, 11 sowie auf den dahinterliegenden Vertikalholmen lagern die Schleifen-Trommeln 2, 3, welche als Umlenkrollen für das in einer Schleife zwischen den SchleifenTrommeln 2, 3 durchhängende flexible Band 1 ausgebildet sind. In diesem Ausführungsbeispiel ist das flexible Band 1 als endliches Band ausgebildet und läuft über jede Umlenktrommel 2, 3 unmittelbar je einer Wickeltrommel 4, 5 zu, welche an den Querseiten des Maschinengestells angeordnet sind. Die Wickeltrommeln 4, 5 sind - vorzugsweise mit unterschiedlichen Umfangsgeschwindigkeiten - über ebenfalls an der Querseite des Maschinengestells angeordnete Antriebe 6, 7 antreibbar. Die Antriebe 6, 7 sind als frequenzgeregelte, explosionsgeschützte Motoren handelsüblicher Bauart mit hoher Übersetzung ausgeführt und über einen Riemenantrieb mit den Wickeltrommeln 4, 5 verbunden. Als Alternative zum Riemenantrieb ist auch ein Kettenantrieb einsetzbar. Das flexible Band 1 verläuft von seinem einen, auf der Wickeltrommel 4 aufgewickelten Ende über die Umlenk- oder Schleifen-Trommel 2 unter Bildung einer Biegelinie und unter Abstützung auf die oberen Querholme 21 über die andere Umlenk- bzw. Schleifen-Trommel 3 zu der zweiten Wickeltrommel 5. Werden die Wickeltrommeln 4, 5 mit unterschiedlichen Umfangsgeschwindigkeiten angetrieben, so verlängert bzw. verkürzt sich das flexible Band 1 und die Peripherie der Biegelinie des flexiblen Bandes 1 bewegt sich zwischen einem Maximal- und einem Minimalwert in vertikaler Richtung. Je nach Befüllung des flexiblen Bandes 1 und je nach dessen Länge stützt es sich gegebenenfalls auf die unteren Querholme 22 (Fig. 2) ab. Das flexible Band 1 kann auf seiner in das Innere der Schleife weisenden Seite mit Querstollen 31 besetzt sein , welche die Durchmischung der eingelegten Pulverstangen 30 fördern.The loop drums 2, 3 are mounted on the vertical bars 10, 11 and on the vertical bars behind them, which are designed as deflection rollers for the flexible band 1 which sags in a loop between the loop drums 2, 3. In this exemplary embodiment, the flexible belt 1 is designed as a finite belt and runs directly over each deflection drum 2, 3 to a winding drum 4, 5, which are arranged on the transverse sides of the machine frame. The winding drums 4, 5 can be driven - preferably at different peripheral speeds - via drives 6, 7 also arranged on the transverse side of the machine frame. The drives 6, 7 are designed as frequency-controlled, explosion-proof motors of commercial design with a high transmission ratio and are connected to the winding drums 4, 5 via a belt drive. A chain drive can also be used as an alternative to the belt drive. The flexible band 1 runs from its one end, wound on the winding drum 4, over the deflection or loop drum 2 to form a bending line and is supported on the upper cross members 21, over the other deflection or loop drum 3 to the second Winding drum 5. If the winding drums 4, 5 are driven at different circumferential speeds, the flexible band 1 is lengthened or shortened and the periphery of the bending line of the flexible band 1 moves in the vertical direction between a maximum and a minimum value. Depending on the filling of the flexible band 1 and depending on its length, it may be based on the lower cross members 22 (Fig. 2). The flexible band 1 can be equipped on its side facing the inside of the loop with cross studs 31 which promote the mixing of the inserted powder bars 30.

An den beiden offenen Seiten der Bandschleife 1 ist je eine quer zur Ebene des Bandes 1 ausgerichtete Begrenzungswand 8, 9 vorgesehen, die auf den oberen bzw. unteren Führungsstangen 23, 24 in Querrichtung verschiebbar sind (Fig. 2) wodurch deren seitlicher Abstand zur Anpassung an verschiedene Längen der Treibladungspulver-Stangen 30 veränderbar ist. Bodenseitig besitzen die seitlichen Begrenzungswände 8, 9 im wesentlichen eine an die durchhängende Schleife des flexiblen Bandes 1 angepaßte Form.On each of the two open sides of the belt loop 1 there is a boundary wall 8, 9 which is oriented transversely to the plane of the belt 1 and which can be displaced in the transverse direction on the upper and lower guide rods 23, 24 (FIG. 2), thereby adjusting their lateral spacing is variable to different lengths of the propellant powder rods 30. On the bottom side, the lateral boundary walls 8, 9 essentially have a shape adapted to the sagging loop of the flexible band 1.

In dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 1 ist die Umlenk- bzw. Schleifen-Trommel 3 in vertikaler Richtung mittels eines Antriebes bewegbar ausgebildet, welcher beispielsweise in dem Vertikalholm 11 untergebracht ist und aus einer Hydraulik-Kolben-/Zylinder-Anordnung 13, 14 besteht. Durch die vertikale Verstellbarkeit der Umlenktrommel 3 ist es möglich, das flexible Band 1 zu Entladungszwecken zu einer schiefen Ebene zu spannen, was in der Fig. 1 durch die gestrichelte Darstellung der Umlenktrommel 3' sowie des Bandes 1' deutlich wird. In dieser gestrichelt dargestellten Lage des Bandes 1' können die Treibladungspulver-Stangen 30 seitlich von dem Band 1' in bereitgestellte Behälter oder auf weiterführende Transportbänder rollen.In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the deflection or loop drum 3 is designed to be movable in the vertical direction by means of a drive which, for example, is accommodated in the vertical spar 11 and consists of a hydraulic piston / cylinder arrangement 13, 14 . The vertical adjustability of the deflection drum 3 makes it possible to tension the flexible belt 1 to an inclined plane for discharge purposes, which is shown in FIG. 1 by the broken line of the deflection drum 3 'and the belt 1'. In this position of the belt 1 'shown in dashed lines, the propellant powder rods 30 can roll laterally from the belt 1' into the containers provided or onto further conveyor belts.

Fig. 2 zeigt eine Ansicht der Vorrichtung in Blickrichtung X der Fig. 1. Auf den beiden benachbarten Vertikalholmen 11, 11' ruhen die Lager 18 für die Umlenktrommel 3, welche durch einen vorstehend beispielhaft beschriebenen Antrieb in Richtung des Pfeils 26 vertikal bewegbar ist. In der Darstellung unterhalb der Umlenktrommel 3, jedoch nicht mit dieser in einer vertikalen Ebene, befindet sich der obere Querholm 21, der mittels der oberen Führungsstange 23 mit dem Längsholm 19 (Fig. 1) verbunden ist. An den Vertikalholmen 11, 11' sind die Lager 15 für die Wickeltrommel befestigt, welche das eine Ende des flexiblen Bandes 1 aufnimmt. Die Wickeltrommel 5 besitzt auf ihrer Antriebsseite eine Riemenscheibe 16, welche über einen Riemen mit einer darunterliegenden Riemenscheibe 17 des Antriebs 7 in Wirkverbindung steht, welcher an dem Vertikalholm 11 befestigt ist.FIG. 2 shows a view of the device in viewing direction X of FIG. 1. The bearings 18 for the deflection drum 3 rest on the two adjacent vertical bars 11, 11 ', which can be moved vertically in the direction of arrow 26 by a drive described above by way of example. In the illustration below the deflection drum 3, but not with it in a vertical plane, the upper cross member 21 is located, which is connected to the longitudinal beam 19 (FIG. 1) by means of the upper guide rod 23. The bearings 15 for the winding drum, which receives one end of the flexible band 1, are fastened to the vertical bars 11, 11 '. The winding drum 5 has on its drive side a pulley 16 which is operatively connected via a belt to an underlying pulley 17 of the drive 7, which is attached to the vertical beam 11.

Zur Anpassung an Treibladungspulver-Stangen unterschiedlicher Länge sind die seitlichen Begrenzungswände 8, 9 axial auf den oberen bzw. unteren Führungsstangen 23, 24 in die durch die Bezugszeichen 8', 9' bezeichneten, gestrichelt dargestellten Stellungen, in der Pfeilrichtung 25, verschiebbar. Um auch ein flexibles Band 1 größerer Breite verwenden zu können, sind die radialen Flansche 27, 28 an den Umlenktrommeln 2, 3 bzw. an den Wickeltrommeln 4, 5 axial, ebenfalls in Pfeilrichtung 25, bewegbar. Die beiden Antriebe 6, 7 sind mit einer Steuereinrichtung zur periodischen Veränderung der Schleifenlänge zwischen einem Minimal- und einem Maximalwert während der Hin- und Herbewegung des Bandes verbunden.To adapt to propellant powder rods of different lengths, the lateral boundary walls 8, 9 can be displaced axially on the upper and lower guide rods 23, 24 into the positions shown in broken lines in the arrow direction 25 by the reference symbols 8 ', 9'. In order to also be able to use a flexible band 1 of greater width, the radial flanges 27, 28 can be moved axially on the deflection drums 2, 3 or on the winding drums 4, 5, likewise in the direction of arrow 25. The two drives 6, 7 are connected to a control device for periodically changing the loop length between a minimum and a maximum value during the back and forth movement of the belt.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zum Mischen von Treibladungspulver-Stangen wird anhand der vorstehend erläuterten Vorrichtung beschrieben und läuft vorzugsweise wie folgt ab:
Zunächst werden die Pulverstangen 30 in die nach oben offene und frei durchhängende Schleife des flexiblen Bandes 1 derart eingelegt, daß die Längserstreckung der Pulverstangen 30 quer zur Bewegungsrichtung des Bandes 1 in der Schleife verläuft. Bei dem Beladevorgang wird das Gewicht der zugeladenen Pulverstangen 30 mittels einer entsprechenden, hier nicht näher erläuterten Vorrichtung ermittelt und der Beladevorgang bei Erreichen des Soll-Gewichtes einer Charge gestoppt.The method according to the invention for mixing propellant powder sticks is described with the aid of the device explained above and preferably proceeds as follows:
First, the powder bars 30 are inserted into the upwardly open and freely sagging loop of the flexible belt 1 in such a way that the longitudinal extension of the powder bars 30 extends transversely to the direction of movement of the belt 1 in the loop. During the loading process, the weight of the powder bars 30 loaded is determined by means of a corresponding device (not explained in more detail here) and the loading process is stopped when the target weight of a batch has been reached.

Bei dem nachfolgend einsetzenden Mischvorgang führt das flexible Band 1 eine Bewegung aus, die sich aus einer Überlagerung zweier Grundbewegungen zusammensetzt. Die erste Grundbewegung des Bandes 1 wird daduch erzeugt, daß die Wickeltrommeln 4, 5 mit gleicher Wickelgeschwindigkeit drehen und eine Wickeltrommel das Band 1 aufwickelt, während die andere Wickeltrommel das Band 1 abwickelt. Bei dieser Grundbewegung läuft das Band 1 mit einer konstanten Bandgeschwindigkeit unter Erhalt der Schleifenform zwischen den beiden Umlenktrommeln 2, 3-. Ist das Bandende an der abwickelnden Wickeltrommel erreicht, wird die Bewegungsrichtung des Bandes 1 automatisch umgesteuert.In the subsequent mixing process, the flexible belt 1 executes a movement which is composed of a superposition of two basic movements. The first basic movement of the belt 1 is generated in that the winding drums 4, 5 with the same winding speed turn and one winding drum winds up the tape 1, while the other winding drum unwinds the tape 1. During this basic movement, the belt 1 runs at a constant belt speed while maintaining the loop shape between the two deflection drums 2, 3-. When the end of the strip on the unwinding winding drum is reached, the direction of movement of the strip 1 is automatically reversed.

Die zweite Grundbewegung des flexiblen Bandes 1 besteht darin, daß beide Wickeltrommeln 4, 5 auf- bzw. beide abwickeln, woraufhin sich die Bandlänge zwischen den beiden Umlenktrommeln 2, 3 verkürzt bzw. verlängert und die Schleife unter Veränderung ihrer Biegelinie eine Bewegung in vertikaler Richtung ausführt. Auch bei dieser Grundbewegung sorgen entsprechende Meß- und Umsteuereinrichtungen dafür, daß das Band 1 während des Mischvorganges nicht vollständig gestrafft wird bzw. nicht den Boden berührt.The second basic movement of the flexible band 1 is that both winding drums 4, 5 wind up or both, whereupon the length of the band between the two deflection drums 2, 3 shortens or lengthens and the loop changes its bending line in a vertical direction executes. With this basic movement, too, appropriate measuring and reversing devices ensure that the belt 1 is not completely tightened during the mixing process or does not touch the ground.

Die bei dem Mischvorgang zur Anwendung kommende resultierende Bewegung wird dadurch erzeugt, daß eine der Wickeltrommeln 4, 5 das Band 1 aufwickelt, während die andere das Band abwickelt, wobei die beiden Wickeltrommeln 4, 5 mit unterschiedlichen Wickelgeschwindigkeiten drehen. Das Ergebnis ist, daß sich das Band 1 entsprechend der ersten Grundbewegung bewegt, gleichzeitig jedoch die Schleife durch die unterschiedlichen Wickelgeschwindigkeiten der Wickeltrommeln 4, 5 verkürzt bzw. verlängert wird, sich also in vertikaler Richtung bewegt. Die zweite Grundbewegung wird hierbei dadurch realisiert, daß die Wickeltrommeln 4, 5 aufgrund ihrer unterschiedlichen Wickelgeschwindigkeiten ein Auf- bzw. Abwickeln des Bandes 1 ausführen. Bei diesem Vorgang hat die Verkürzung bzw. Verlängerung der Schleife - entsprechend der zweiten Grundbewegung - eine kürzere Periodendauer als die Hin- und Herbewegung des Bandes 1 in der Schleife entsprechend der ersten Grundbewegung. Bei einer mittleren Bandgeschwindigkeit von 3 m/min liegt die Periodendauer für die Verkürzung bzw. Verlängerung der Schleife bei 30 sec, die Periodendauer für die Hin- und Herbewgung des Bandes 1 bei 3 min, und es ist eine Gesamtbearbeitungsdauer für eine Charge von 15 min vorgesehen.The resulting movement used in the mixing process is generated in that one of the winding drums 4, 5 winds up the band 1, while the other unwinds the band, the two winding drums 4, 5 rotating at different winding speeds. The result is that the belt 1 moves according to the first basic movement, but at the same time the loop is shortened or lengthened by the different winding speeds of the winding drums 4, 5, that is to say moves in the vertical direction. The second basic movement is realized in that the winding drums 4, 5 perform a winding or unwinding of the tape 1 due to their different winding speeds. In this process, the shortening or lengthening of the loop - corresponding to the second basic movement - has a shorter period than the back and forth movement of the band 1 in the loop corresponding to the first basic movement. At an average belt speed of 3 m / min, the period for shortening or lengthening the loop is 30 seconds, the period for the back and forth movement of belt 1 is 3 minutes, and it is a total processing time for a batch of 15 minutes intended.

Claims (25)

  1. A device for mixing sticks of propellant charge powder (30), with a flexible belt (1) freely suspended in a loop for receiving the sticks of powder between two drums (2;3) with parallel axes located at a radial distance apart, which belt can be moved to and fro between the loop drums (2;3) by means of a drive (6;7), and the length of which belt in the loop between the two loop drums (2;3) can be varied during the to and fro movement.
  2. A device according to claim 1, characterized in that the belt is endless and is passed outside the loop over at least one driving drum which can be driven in both directions of rotation.
  3. A device according to claim 1, characterized in that the belt (1) is open-ended and runs to and fro between two winding drums (4;5) which can each be driven in both directions of rotation.
  4. A device according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the loop drums are deflection drums (2;3).
  5. A device according to claim 4 in combination with claim 3, characterized in that the belt (1) runs directly from each deflection drum (2;3) to one of the two winding drums (4;5) in each case.
  6. A device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that at least one compensating roller is provided, which is associated with the belt outside the loop, and which can be adjusted transverse to the belt for varying the length of the loop.
  7. A device according to claim 3 or 5, characterized in that the length of the loop can be varied by driving the two winding drums (4;5) at different peripheral speeds.
  8. A device according to claim 1, 6 or 7, characterized in that a controller is provided for periodically varying the length of the loop between a minimum and a maximum value during the to and from movement of the belt.
  9. A device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that at least one of the two loop drums (3) is height-adjustable.
  10. A device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the belt is provided with an antistatic finish.
  11. A device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the belt is a commercially-available conveyor belt (1).
  12. A device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the belt (1) has transverse cleats (31) on its side facing the inside of the loop.
  13. A device according to claim 12, characterized in that the transverse cleats (31) are of triangular cross-section.
  14. A device according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that a boundary wall (8;9) aligned transversely to the plane of the belt (1) is provided on each of the two open sides of the belt loop, wherein the distance between the two boundary walls is somewhat greater than the length of the sticks of propellant charge powder.
  15. A device according to claim 14, characterized in that the distance between the two boundary walls (8;9) is adjustable for adaptation to different lengths of the sticks of propellant charge powder.
  16. A device according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the width of the belt (1) is less than or equal to the length of the sticks of propellant charge powder.
  17. A process for mixing sticks of propellant charge powder (30), wherein the sticks of powder are introduced into the upwardly open, freely suspended loop of a flexible belt (1) in such a way that the longitudinal span of the sticks of powder (30) is transverse to the direction of movement of the belt (1) in the loop, whereupon the belt is moved periodically to and fro in its longitudinal direction in the loop and the length of the belt in the loop is periodically varied between a minimum value and a maximum value during the to and fro movement.
  18. A process according to claim 17, characterized in that the belt is moved to and fro at an average speed of 2 to 4 m/minute, preferably 3 m/minute.
  19. A process according to one of claims 17 or 18, characterized in that the cycle duration of a to and fro movement is between 2 and 30 minutes.
  20. A process according to any one of claims 17 to 19, characterized in that the cycle duration of a loop variation is between 10 and 150 seconds.
  21. A process according to any one of claims 17 to 20, characterized in that the minimum value of the length of the belt in the loop is between 40 and 60 % of the maximum value of the length of the belt in the loop.
  22. A process according to any one of claims 17 to 21, characterized in that only sticks of propellant powder of the same length as each other are mixed with each other each time.
  23. A process according to any one of claims 17 to 22, characterized in that the belt is moved to and fro for a period between 4 and 30 minutes in order to mix the sticks of propellant powder.
  24. A process according to any one of claims 17 to 23, characterized in that in order to discharge the mixed sticks of propellant powder the belt loop is shortened to form practically a straight line with the simultaneous inclination of the belt in one of the directions of movement.
  25. A process according to any one of claims 17 to 24, characterized in that the weight of the sticks of propellant charge powder introduced when loading the device is determined and that the loading operation stops automatically depending on a comparison of the weight determined with the scheduled weight, and the mixing operation begins.
EP90914719A 1989-09-08 1990-08-29 Device and process for mixing bars of powdered propelling charge Expired - Lifetime EP0446332B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT90914719T ATE97019T1 (en) 1989-09-08 1990-08-29 DEVICE AND METHOD FOR MIXING PROPELLANT POWDER RODS.

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3930014 1989-09-08
DE3930014 1989-09-08
DE4012523 1990-04-19
DE4012523A DE4012523C1 (en) 1989-09-08 1990-04-19

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EP0446332A1 EP0446332A1 (en) 1991-09-18
EP0446332B1 true EP0446332B1 (en) 1993-11-10

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EP (1) EP0446332B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2533814B2 (en)
KR (1) KR940006016B1 (en)
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AR (1) AR246730A1 (en)
AU (1) AU634593B2 (en)
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CA (1) CA2041649C (en)
DE (1) DE4012523C1 (en)
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ES (1) ES2048504T3 (en)
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WO1991003314A1 (en) 1991-03-21
IL95435A0 (en) 1991-07-18
AU6515590A (en) 1991-04-08
EP0446332A1 (en) 1991-09-18
PT95224A (en) 1992-03-31
NO178017C (en) 1996-01-10
US5290100A (en) 1994-03-01
NO911791L (en) 1991-05-07
AR246730A1 (en) 1994-09-30
GR1000882B (en) 1993-03-16
KR920700755A (en) 1992-08-10
PT95224B (en) 1998-06-30
IL95435A (en) 1994-11-11
FI912214A0 (en) 1991-05-08
EG18991A (en) 1994-10-30
KR940006016B1 (en) 1994-07-02
NO911791D0 (en) 1991-05-07
JPH03504829A (en) 1991-10-24
BR9006907A (en) 1991-10-01
ES2048504T3 (en) 1994-03-16
JP2533814B2 (en) 1996-09-11
US5346304A (en) 1994-09-13
GR900100603A (en) 1992-01-20
IE62573B1 (en) 1995-02-08
IE903085A1 (en) 1991-03-13
FI93617C (en) 1995-05-10
CA2041649C (en) 1994-06-28
CN1050013A (en) 1991-03-20
FI93617B (en) 1995-01-31
AU634593B2 (en) 1993-02-25
NO178017B (en) 1995-10-02
DE4012523C1 (en) 1990-12-20

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