EP0444027B1 - Vorrichtung zur zylinderspülung eines zweitaktmotors mit selbstaufladung durch nachfülleffekt und motor - Google Patents

Vorrichtung zur zylinderspülung eines zweitaktmotors mit selbstaufladung durch nachfülleffekt und motor Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0444027B1
EP0444027B1 EP89904084A EP89904084A EP0444027B1 EP 0444027 B1 EP0444027 B1 EP 0444027B1 EP 89904084 A EP89904084 A EP 89904084A EP 89904084 A EP89904084 A EP 89904084A EP 0444027 B1 EP0444027 B1 EP 0444027B1
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Prior art keywords
cylinder
inlet
ports
exhaust
group
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EP89904084A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0444027A1 (de
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Rémi Curtil
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CURTIL, REMI
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Curtil Remi
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B25/00—Engines characterised by using fresh charge for scavenging cylinders
    • F02B25/14—Engines characterised by using fresh charge for scavenging cylinders using reverse-flow scavenging, e.g. with both outlet and inlet ports arranged near bottom of piston stroke
    • F02B25/16—Engines characterised by using fresh charge for scavenging cylinders using reverse-flow scavenging, e.g. with both outlet and inlet ports arranged near bottom of piston stroke the charge flowing upward essentially along cylinder wall opposite the inlet ports

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for scanning a two-stroke internal combustion engine cylinder, with piston driven by a reciprocating rectilinear movement, of the self-supercharging type by post-filling effect, in which the distribution of each cylinder is exclusively provided by the piston in cooperation with the intake lights-intake ducts group and with the exhaust lights-exhaust ducts group, the intake lights group being discovered longer by the piston than the group exhaust lights, and two-stroke engine provided with such a sweep.
  • the invention essentially relates to a device for managing the flow for the temporary counter-sweeping of the burnt gases in the intake ducts during the pre-exhaust phase preceding the opening of the exhaust lights. , then for their reintroduction followed by the introduction of the purge air proper inside the cylinder to improve the efficiency of such an engine. Consequently, all of the air arriving at the cylinder, either for sweeping or for post-filling, enters through the intake duct.
  • This type of self-supercharging engine by post-filling effect uses the direct action of gases leaving a cylinder on an air reserve in order to compress it and introduce it into a cylinder at an appropriate time in the cycle to overeating him.
  • the cylinder-air reserve-cylinder pressure transfer phases take place in an essentially closed environment so as to avoid any loss of energy to the outside.
  • Post-filling is therefore understood to mean the introduction of an additional air charge into the cylinder, after sweeping and closing the exhaust orifices.
  • purging air the purging agent intended for the renewal of the burnt gases from the cylinder, whether it be pure air or any other oxidant-fuel mixture.
  • Engines of the aforementioned type are already known, in particular such a two-stroke engine, consisting of at least one group of two cylinders, the operating cycles of which are set relative to one another at an angle of 180 ° crankshaft, in which the energy of the pre-exhaust gases from one cylinder is used to carry out the post-filling of the other cylinder, is described in FR-A-2 346 558 or its equivalent CH-A-593 420 of this applicant, and shown in Figures 1 to 5 of this publication.
  • a preferred version of the device for implementing this method is the subject of co-deposition of a request form PCT inventor under the No. PCT / FR 88/00155 published under No. WO 88/08073 and based on French priority 87 04757.
  • a main aim of the invention is to propose a global technical solution to the problems posed by simultaneously satisfying all of the requirements mentioned above.
  • Another objective of the invention is to keep the advantages described in the two above-mentioned patents CH-A-593 420 (twin-cylinder) and patent application FR-87 04757 (single-cylinder) to the maximum.
  • the main object of the invention is also to solve the new technical problem consisting in providing a solution allowing, in the context of self-supercharging by post-filling, to use an inverted loop while eliminating the drawbacks inherent in this. boils the reverse cited by VENEDIGER.
  • the present invention solves this technical problem by overcoming the prejudices thereof relating to the use of a reverse loop and to the positioning of the lower edge of the intake lumen at the bottom dead center.
  • An additional objective is to organize a large turbulence field ensuring a good mixture of air and fuel, with a view to the combustion phase, at all loads and all engine operating speeds, while also avoiding the particular case of the spark ignition engine any loss of fuel from the exhaust.
  • the invention relates to a device for scanning a two-stroke internal combustion engine cylinder, with self-supercharging by post-filling effect in which the distribution of each cylinder is exclusively ensured by a piston driven by a reciprocating rectilinear movement, in cooperation with a group of intake lights-intake ducts, hereinafter referred to as intake group, and with a group of exhaust lights-intake ducts, hereinafter referred to as exhaust group, including the intake lights intake are discovered longer by the piston than the exhaust ports, comprising post-filling means in an essentially closed environment, the intake group serving as the sole air intake path for the cylinder, characterized in that the intake group is arranged relative to the cylinder so that the purge air flows from the intake lights meet in a impact point located on the upper wall of the cylinder above the exhaust lights, to perform a so-called reverse loop; and the altitude of the lower edge of the intake lights is located near or above the altitude of the Upper edge of the exhaust lights to substantially completely eliminate any possibility of intersection of the air flows
  • the invention also relates to an engine equipped with such a device.
  • the cylinder 1 comprises at least two intake ports 2 and at least one exhaust port 3, the lower edge of the intake port is located conventionally at the bottom dead center (PMB), which also coincides with the lower edge of the exhaust port.
  • the exhaust port is arranged in a wall of the cylinder substantially opposite to the wall of the cylinder towards which the purge air flows coming from the intake conduits 2 converge.
  • FIG. 10 there is shown a scanning device according to the invention according to which the cylinder 10 comprises a group of intake lights 12a, 12b and intake ducts 14a, 14b (intake group) that can be seen in Figures 2 to 5, and a group of exhaust ports 16 and exhaust ducts 18 (exhaust group).
  • the intake ports 12a, 12b are arranged laterally in the cylinder 10 relative to the exhaust ports 16 so that the intake ports 12a, 12b are exposed by the piston 22 longer than the exhaust ports 16.
  • the intake group (12a, 12b; 14a, 14b) is arranged relative to the cylinder (10) so that the flows of purge air coming from the intake lights (12a, 12b) meet at a point impact located on the upper wall (10a) of the cylinder (10) above the exhaust ports (16), to perform a so-called inverted loop; and the altitude (A) of the lower edge of the intake ports (12a, 12b) is arranged high enough in the cylinder (10) relative to the altitude (B) of the upper edge of the exhaust ports (16) to substantially completely eliminate any possibility of intersection of the air flows entering the cylinder (10) with the burnt gases leaving the cylinder (10) during the path between the entry points of the purge air flows and their point d 'impact.
  • the altitude (A) of the lower edge of the intake lights (12, 12b) is located in the vicinity or above the altitude (B) of the upper edge of the exhaust lights (16).
  • the intake ducts 14a, 14b of each pair are arranged laterally symmetrically with respect to a scanning plane of symmetry which substantially coincides with the longitudinal plane of symmetry of the cylinder passing through the slots exhaust.
  • the intake ports 12a, 12b and the exhaust ports 16 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the abovementioned scanning plane of symmetry which here coincides substantially with the longitudinal plane of symmetry passing through the exhaust port 16.
  • the intake ducts 14a, 14b are arranged laterally inclined relative to the cylinder, at an elevation angle ⁇ mentioned in FIG. 4, so that the front separating the burnt gases with the air of scanning is substantially perpendicular to the line of the centers of each intake duct 14a, 14b, as shown in FIG. 5.
  • groups of intake ducts 14a, 14b are provided, arranged in pairs, each pair being able to have a different inclination, so that the meeting point of the flows of all the pairs is at an altitude. substantially identical.
  • the arrow half-angle ⁇ defined by the angle between the trace of the plane parallel to the axis of the cylinder 10 containing the main direction vector of the gas flow from each of the intake ducts 14a, 14b and the trace of the scanning plane of symmetry S clearly visible in FIG.
  • the angle ⁇ associated with each pair of intake ports 12a, 12b defined by the angle between the plane of symmetry S and the radius CL, L being the point of intersection of the arrow 30 with the cylinder 10, is between approximately 45 ° and approximately 135 °.
  • the angle ⁇ is advantageously between approximately 70 ° C. and 110 ° C.
  • this device comprises a single group of two intake ports 12a, 12b and a single group of a single exhaust port 16, or two exhaust ports 16.
  • the front of separation of the burnt gases and the purging air is substantially straight or perpendicular with respect to the line of the centers of the intake ducts.
  • FIG. 2 a distinction has been made between the different fluids present by representing the burnt pre-exhaust or exhaust gases by solid circles, and the purge intake air by bubbles.
  • the intermediate positions of the gas separation front are shown in dashed lines and in front the front F of the position actually represented.
  • the arrow 13 represents the movement of circulation of the sweeping air in the chamber according to the so-called reverse loop.
  • angles of elevation ⁇ and of half-arrow ⁇ of the main vectors (30) of the intake ducts relative to the cylinder can vary within certain limits as a function of the circumferential position of the intake ports 12a, 12b, defined by the aforementioned angle,, but also of the upper edges respectively of the intake ports 12a, 12b and the exhaust ports 16 and of the stroke-bore ratio of the cylinder 10 considered.
  • each group of intake ducts 14a, 14b leads to a group of lights located below the bottom dead center (PMB) as described and shown with particular reference to Figures 1b; 5a, 5b; 6a, 6b of the PCT application WO 88/08073 of the applicant incorporated here by reference. These lights are placed in intermittent communication either with the intake source, or with a storage chamber provided inside the piston, this solution being called single cylinder.
  • PMB bottom dead center
  • FIG. 6 represents an alternative embodiment of an engine equipped with the twin-cylinder solution of the type described in CH-593 420, with the device according to the invention which is the subject of the preceding figures 2 to 5, limited here by simplification to a module of two cylinders 10A, 10B, set at 180 °, equipped with two intake pipes 14a, 14b and two exhaust pipes 30a, 30b each leading to the light 16a, 16b.
  • the cutting of this engine is carried out perpendicular to the axis of each cylinder.
  • the scanning symmetry planes of the two cylinders are merged and pass, as mentioned previously, through the two axes 32a, 32b of the cylinders 10A, 10B.
  • the invention makes it possible to satisfy all of the aims referred to in points 1 to 12 at the start of the description and in particular in point 10, concerning the minimum center distance enabling a maximum displacement to be achieved in a given size.
  • each pair of intake lights has a light (12a) on one side of the aforementioned scanning plane of symmetry which is discovered longer by the piston than the light (12b) located on the other side of this plane of symmetry.
  • Figures 7a, 7b show an alternative embodiment of a piston 22 with a local reduction 40 of the edge 38 to the right of one of the two intake ports to cause a delayed closure of this light relative to the other light in order to create the vortex represented by the arrow T.
  • the engine is not cooled at low loads by interrupting the engine cooling circuit and in particular the supply paths including the intake ducts, while we refrigerate since intermediate loads up to the maximum load by opening the refrigeration circuit.
  • the absence of refrigeration at low loads makes it possible to raise the temperature of the intake air by virtue of its heating by the walls of the intake ducts 14a, 14b themselves heated by the pre-exhaust gases.
  • the rise in temperature of the intake gases increases their volume and produces a decrease in the volume of residual exhaust gases in the cylinder, which favorably influences the minimum flammability threshold of the purge air-residual gases mixture mainly in the case of spark ignition engines.
  • the part of the intake conduits 12a, 12b opening into the cylinder 10 is provided to be substantially perfectly cylindrical, which greatly facilitates the production of the shapes and the precision of their geometry.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Lubrication Details And Ventilation Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Characterised By The Charging Evacuation (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Vorrichtung zum Spülen eines Zylinders eines Zweitakt-Verbrennungsmotors mit Selbstaufladung durch Nachfüllung, bei dem die Steuerung jedes Zylinders ausschließlich durch einen sich geradlinig hin- und herbewegenden Kolben gewährleistet wird, wobei dieser mit einer Gruppe von Einlaßöffnungen und -leitungen, die wenigstens ein Paar von Einlaßleitungen umfassen, im nachstehenden Einlaßgruppe genannt, und mit einer Gruppe von Austrittsöffnungen und -leitungen, im nachstehenden Austrittsgruppe genannt, zusammenwirkt, wobei die Einlaßöffnungen im Zylinder so angeordnet sind, daß sie vom Kolben länger als die Austriffsöffnungen freigelegt sind, mit Einrichtungen zur Nachfüllung eines im wesentlichen geschlossenen Raumes, wobei die Einlaßgruppe als einziger Weg für den Lufteintritt in den Zylinder dient, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Einlaßgruppe (12a, 12b; 14a, 14b) bezüglich des Zylinders (10) so angeordnet ist, daß die von den Einlaßöffnungen (12a, 12b) kommenden Spülluftströme bei einem auf der oberen Wand (10a) des Zylinders (10) oberhalb der Austrittsöffnungen (16) gelegenen Punkt aufeinander treffen, um eine sogenannte umgekehrte Schleife zu bilden, daß die Höhe (A) des unteren Randes der Einlaßöffnungen (12a, 12b) in der Nahe oder oberhalb der Höhe (B) des oberen Randes der Austrittsöffnungen (16) gelegen ist, um jede Möglichkeit der Kreuzung der in den Zylinder (10) eintretenden Luftströme mit den aus dem Zylinder (10) austretenden Verbrennungsgasen auf der Strecke zwischen den Punkten des Eintritts der Spülluftströme und ihrem Punkt des Aufeinandertreffens im wesentlichen vollständig zu vermeiden, und daß die Einlaßkanäle (14a, 14b) gegen den Zylinder (10) um einen Erhebungswinkel (β) geneigt sind, so daß vor dem Ausströmen eine Trennfront zwischen den Verbrennungsgasen und der Spülluft geschaffen wird, die zur Mittellinie der Einlaßleitungen (14a, 14b) im wesentlichen senkrecht steht.
  2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Einlaßleitungen (14a, 14b) paarweise angeordnet sind, wobei jedes Paar eine andere Neigung haben kann, so daß die Treffpunkte (M) der Ströme aller Paare in einer im wesentlichen gleichen Höhe gelegen sind, was zur Erzeugung eines vereinigten aufsteigenden Spülluftstromes beitragt, der insbesondere in unmittelbarer Nähe des Zylinderkopfes vor seiner ersten Ablenkung eine Geschwindigkeit hat, die längs der Wand des Zylinders (10) maximal ist und allmählich abnimmt, um in der Nähe der den aufsteigenden vom absteigenden Strom trennenden Längsebene des Zylinders im wesentlichen vollständig null zu werden.
  3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Einlaßleitungen (14a, 14b) jedes Paares seitlich bezüglich einer Spülungssymmetrieebene, die mit der durch die Austrittsöffnungen laufenden Längssymmetrieebene des Zylinders im wesentlichen zusammenfallt, symmetrisch angeordnet sind.
  4. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Umfangsposition (Winkel ϑ) der Einlaßöffnungen (12a, 12b), der Erhebungswinkel (β) und der Pfeilhalbwinkel (α) der Einlaßleitungen (14a, 14b) oder der Paare von Einlaßleitungen (14a, 14b) so gewählt sind, daß der Treffpunkt (M) der Hauptvektoren (30) der jeweiligen Einlaßluftströme im wesentlichen in einem Abstand (d) vom Mittelpunkt (C) des Zylinders (10) von etwa 0,5R bis 0,9R und in einer Höhe gelegen ist, die zwischen dem oberen Rand der Einlaßöffnungen (12a, 12b) und dem oberen Ende (11) des Zylinders (10) liegt.
  5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Winkel ϑ jedes Paares von Einlaßöffnungen, der durch den Winkel zwischen der Symmetrieebene (S) und dem Radius CL definiert ist, wobei L der Schnittpunkt des Pfeils (30) mit dem Zylinder (10) ist, etwa 45° bis 135° beträgt.
  6. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie nur eine Gruppe von zwei Einlaßöffnungen (12a, 12b) und eine Gruppe von einer oder zwei Austrittsöffnungen (16) besitzt, wobei der Winkel ϑ vorzugsweise etwa zwischen 70° und 110° liegt.
  7. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jede Gruppe von Einlaßleitungen (14a, 14b) zu denselben Einlaßöffnungen (12a, 12b) eines zugeordneten Zylinders (10) führt, der um 180° auf der Kurbelwelle versetzt ist.
  8. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jede Gruppe von Einlaßleitungen (14a, 14b) zu einer Gruppe von unterhalb des unteren Totpunkts (PMB) gelegenen Öffnungen führt, die intermittierend entweder mit der Einlaßluftquelle oder mit einer im Inneren des Kolbens vorgesehenen Speicherkammer in Verbindung gesetzt werden können.
  9. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichent, daß jedes Paar von Einlaßöffnungen (12a, 12b) eine auf einer Seite von der Spülungssymmetrieebene gelegene Öffnung umfaßt, die vom Kolben länger als die auf der anderen Seite von dieser Ebene gelegene Öffnung freigelegt wird.
  10. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Kolben an seinem Kopfende in Höhe einer (12a) der Einlaßöffnungen (12a, 12b) des betreffenden Paares von Einlaßöffnungen eine lokale Abschrägung (40) besitzt.
  11. Motor mit einer Spülvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10.
EP89904084A 1988-03-25 1989-03-24 Vorrichtung zur zylinderspülung eines zweitaktmotors mit selbstaufladung durch nachfülleffekt und motor Expired - Lifetime EP0444027B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8804002 1988-03-25
FR8804002A FR2629131A1 (fr) 1988-03-25 1988-03-25 Procede et dispositif de balayage d'un cylindre d'un moteur deux temps, a autosuralimentation par effet de post-remplissage, et moteur
PCT/FR1989/000139 WO1989009328A1 (fr) 1988-03-25 1989-03-24 Procede et dispositif de balayage d'un cylindre d'un moteur deux temps, a autosuralimentation par effet de post-remplissage, et moteur

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0444027A1 EP0444027A1 (de) 1991-09-04
EP0444027B1 true EP0444027B1 (de) 1994-06-01

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EP89904084A Expired - Lifetime EP0444027B1 (de) 1988-03-25 1989-03-24 Vorrichtung zur zylinderspülung eines zweitaktmotors mit selbstaufladung durch nachfülleffekt und motor

Country Status (5)

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EP (1) EP0444027B1 (de)
JP (1) JP2707344B2 (de)
DE (1) DE68915776T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2629131A1 (de)
WO (1) WO1989009328A1 (de)

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE282290C (de) *
FR769037A (fr) * 1933-05-10 1934-08-17 Const Mecaniques L Aster Atel Moteurs à deux temps
FR45284E (fr) * 1934-10-01 1935-07-22 Fichtel & Sachs Ag Moteur à deux temps à distribution par lumières
CH593420A5 (de) * 1976-03-31 1977-11-30 Motosacoche Sa
FR2613422A1 (fr) * 1987-04-06 1988-10-07 Curtil Remi Procede d'amenagement d'un moteur a combustion interne et a autosuralimentation par post-remplissage a au moins un cylindre a deux temps

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Publication number Publication date
EP0444027A1 (de) 1991-09-04
WO1989009328A1 (fr) 1989-10-05
FR2629131A1 (fr) 1989-09-29
DE68915776D1 (de) 1994-07-07
JP2707344B2 (ja) 1998-01-28
JPH03503441A (ja) 1991-08-01
DE68915776T2 (de) 1995-01-19

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