EP0442646A2 - Evaporateur à passes multiples - Google Patents

Evaporateur à passes multiples Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0442646A2
EP0442646A2 EP91300922A EP91300922A EP0442646A2 EP 0442646 A2 EP0442646 A2 EP 0442646A2 EP 91300922 A EP91300922 A EP 91300922A EP 91300922 A EP91300922 A EP 91300922A EP 0442646 A2 EP0442646 A2 EP 0442646A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tubes
headers
evaporator
modules
fins
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP91300922A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0442646A3 (en
Inventor
Gregory Gerald Hughes
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Modine Manufacturing Co
Original Assignee
Modine Manufacturing Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Modine Manufacturing Co filed Critical Modine Manufacturing Co
Publication of EP0442646A2 publication Critical patent/EP0442646A2/fr
Publication of EP0442646A3 publication Critical patent/EP0442646A3/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/0202—Header boxes having their inner space divided by partitions
    • F28F9/0204—Header boxes having their inner space divided by partitions for elongated header box, e.g. with transversal and longitudinal partitions
    • F28F9/0209—Header boxes having their inner space divided by partitions for elongated header box, e.g. with transversal and longitudinal partitions having only transversal partitions
    • F28F9/0212—Header boxes having their inner space divided by partitions for elongated header box, e.g. with transversal and longitudinal partitions having only transversal partitions the partitions being separate elements attached to header boxes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/053—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
    • F28D1/0535—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/008—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for vehicles
    • F28D2021/0084—Condensers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/008—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for vehicles
    • F28D2021/0091—Radiators
    • F28D2021/0094—Radiators for recooling the engine coolant

Definitions

  • This invention relates to heat exchangers, and more particularly, to heat exchangers employed as evaporators.
  • evaporators as a means of cooling the air to be conditioned.
  • a refrigerant is flowed through an evaporator and expanded therein. In so doing, the refrigerant absorbs its heat of vaporization, thereby cooling the medium with which it is in contact, typically heat exchanger tubes.
  • the air to be conditioned is flowed over those tubes which are typically provided with fins for improved air side heat transfer.
  • the air at least locally, will be cooled below its dew point with the result that water will condense out of the air on the fins and on the tubes. This condensate must be removed or else it will freeze and plug the air flow path.
  • the Hughes, et al. evaporator provides excellent, low cost, light weight collection of condensate in the evaporator. Notwithstanding the foregoing, however, it remains desirable to fine tune such a structure so as to improve the usefulness of the same.
  • the present invention is directed to accomplishing that goal.
  • an evaporator which includes a plurality of heat exchange modules or units each comprised of elongated, parallel upper and lower headers and a plurality of tubes mounted between the headers along their lengths and extending therefrom in side by side relation.
  • the tubes in the direction transversely of the headers, have a lesser dimension than the headers and the modules are stacked and assembled together with the corresponding tubes in the modules in alignment with each other.
  • Fins extend between adjacent tubes in each module and upper and lower manifolds are provided.
  • the upper manifold is in fluid communication with the upper headers at one end thereof and the lower manifold is in fluid communication with the lower headers at an end thereof that corresponds to the one end.
  • such an evaporator is made up of at least two, and preferably three heat exchange units of the type mentioned above.
  • Upper and lower manifolds are respectively in fluid communication with the upper and lower headers and at least one baffle is disposed in at least one and preferably both of the manifolds and located to cause fluid flowing through the evaporator to flow serially through the units in at least two, and preferably three, passes.
  • the heat exchange units are assembled generally as stated above to define any core.
  • Baffles are located in at least some of the headers to cause fluid flowing in the evaporator to flow serially through parts of each module or heat exchange unit in at least two passes.
  • a relatively narrow core having a depth of no more than about 2 inches or less is employed.
  • serpentine fins having a fin density of at least eighteen fins per inch are employed.
  • an exemplary embodiment of an evaporator made according to the invention is illustrated in the drawings and will be described herein specifically as an evaporator. However, in some instances, where its compactness as a heat exchanger is desirable, it may be utilized as other than an evaporator. The invention is intended to encompass such other uses.
  • the evaporator includes an upper header, generally designated 10, and a lower header, generally designated 12.
  • the upper header 10 is comprised of a plurality of at least three elongated tubes 14 which are in side by side relation.
  • the tubes 14, at their right hand ends 16, are sealed by plugs 18 (Fig. 1).
  • the tubes 14 are in fluid communication with the interior of an upper manifold 20.
  • Within the manifold 20 is a plug or baffle 22 and located so that one of the header tubes 14 is in fluid communication with one end 24 of the manifold 20 while two of the header tubes 14 are in fluid communication with the opposite end 26.
  • the end 24 of the manifold 20 may be an outlet for the evaporator.
  • the lower header 12 is made up of an identical number of elongated header tubes 30.
  • the tubes 30 are in side by side, abutting relation as best seen in Fig. 3 and are brazed together as at 31 so as to be sealed to each other.
  • the right hand ends 32 of the tubes 30 are plugged by plugs not shown but similar to that shown at 18.
  • the left hand ends 34 of the tubes 30 are in fluid communication with a lower manifold 36.
  • Fittings 38 similar to conventional reducers may be utilized to establish fluid communication between the tubes 14 and 30 and the respective manifolds 20 and 36.
  • the tubes 30, and optionally the tubes 14 as well have a non-rectangular cross section which preferably is circular.
  • a circular configuration for the tubes 14 and 30 defining the headers 10 and 12 as well as the manifolds 20 and 36 maximizes the burst pressure that the evaporator can withstand while utilizing a minimum of material for the fabrication of these components.
  • the headers 10 and 12 are spaced but parallel and there are provided a plurality of parallel rows of parallel, flattened tubes 40.
  • the number of rows of tubes 40 is equal to the number of tubes 14 or the number of tubes 30, in the illustrated example, three.
  • the flattened tubes are in fluid communication with the interior of corresponding ones of the header tubes 14 and 30 and thus establish fluid communication between the headers 10 and 12.
  • incoming refrigerant or the like may enter the lower manifold 36 as illustrated by the broken arrow in Fig. 2.
  • a baffle or plug similar to the baffle or plug 22 is also provided in the lower manifold 36 as schematically illustrated at 22' in Fig. 6.
  • the embodiment illustrated is a three pass evaporator. Intended air flow through the evaporator is in the direction of an arrow 41 as shown in Fig. 2. As a result, refrigerant will be flowing from back to front through the evaporator core while air will be flowing from front to back through the core in what may be somewhat loosely termed a "countercurrent" type of flow.
  • the dimension of the tubes 40 transverse of the length of the tubes 14 and 30 is slightly less than the dimension of the tubes 14 and 30 to allow fabrication.
  • the tubes 40 are inserted in elongated slots (not shown) in the tubes 14 and 30.
  • the evaporator is built up of a plurality of substantially identical modules or units, each made up of an upper header tube 14, a lower header tube 30 and a plurality of the flattened tubes 40.
  • the modules are interconnected by the manifolds 20 and 36 as well as by the brazes 31.
  • Serpentine fins 44 extend between adjacent flattened tubes 40 in each of the modules.
  • the serpentine fins 44 are common to each individual module but as pointed out in the previously identified Hughes, et al. patent, the fins 44 may extend between modules if desired.
  • the crests of the serpentine fins preferably are brazed or otherwise bonded to the flat surfaces 46 of the tubes 40.
  • the serpentine fins 44 may be provided with louvres shown schematically at 48.
  • Fig. 4 illustrates fin density with the legend "FPI" which designates fins per inch. In Fig. 4, a fin density of eleven fins per inch is shown.
  • FIG. 5 the same illustrates a generally similar evaporator having an upper manifold 60 corresponding to the manifold 20, and a lower manifold 62 corresponding approximately to the manifold 36.
  • Three rows of the tubes 40 are illustrated, but the headers 10 and 12 associated therewith are hidden by the manifolds 60 and 62.
  • the baffles 22 and 22' are located as illustrated in an evaporator made according to the invention as illustrated in Fig. 6 to provide three or more passes, the air similarly moving in the direction of an arrow 66 and at the same temperature will exit the top of the evaporator at approximately 42° F. and exit the bottom of the evaporator at approximately 40° F.
  • air temperature is much more uniform in an embodiment made according to the invention and for all intents and purposes, the evaporator of the invention has identical heat transfer performance to an evaporator such as that illustrated in Fig. 5.
  • thermostatic temperature sensing devices or tubes are frequently associated with evaporator cores for any of a variety of reasons. Because of the uniformity of air temperature, placement of such a temperature sensor on the core is not as critical as in prior art devices where such air temperature uniformity cannot be had.
  • utilizing the lower manifolds 30 as the refrigerant inlet and the upper manifolds 20 as the refrigerant outlet as illustrated in Fig. 6 and as previously described, and having both located on the same side of the core as shown in Fig. 1 also provides an increase in performance over other possible locations of the manifold and/or inlets and outlets.
  • FIGs. 7 through 9 Still another embodiment of the invention is illustrated in Figs. 7 through 9, inclusive.
  • a plurality of modules as before, each made up of an upper header tube 100, a lower header tube 102 and the plurality of flattened tubes 104 extending in generally parallel relation between the header tubes 100 and 102.
  • the flattened tubes have a dimension less than the transverse dimension of the tubes 100 and 102 and serpentine fins 106 are interposed between the tubes according to the teachings of the previously identified Hughes, et al. Patent.
  • tubular manifolds 108 and 110 are utilized and are associated with opposite ends of the header tubes 102.
  • the manifold 108 acts as an inlet manifold, while the manifolds 110 acts as an outlet manifold as illustrated by respective flow arrows 112 and 114. Air flow is in the direction of an arrow 116.
  • baffles 120 are located intermediate the ends of the header tubes 102.
  • only one baffle 120 is provided in each of the tubes 102 but it is to be understood that additional baffles could be utilized, in which case, baffles would also be located in the header tubes 100 as well.
  • a two pass, side to side flow of fluid within the evaporator is provided for. The flow enters the manifold 108 and is distributed to the left hand sides of the header tubes 102. From there, the fluid flows in the direction of an arrow 122 to the left hand side of the header tubes 100 and is then to the right in the header tubes 100 in the direction of an arrow 124. Once the fluid reaches the right hand part of the tubes 100, it then flows in the direction of an arrow 126 to the right hand part of the tubes 102 to exit in the direction of an arrow 128 to the manifold 110.
  • baffles be located in both the manifolds and in the header tubes in which case combinations of front to back or back to front and side to side multipass flow can be achieved as desired.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
EP19910300922 1990-02-12 1991-02-05 Multipass evaporator Ceased EP0442646A3 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US47862690A 1990-02-12 1990-02-12
US478626 1990-02-12

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0442646A2 true EP0442646A2 (fr) 1991-08-21
EP0442646A3 EP0442646A3 (en) 1992-01-08

Family

ID=23900700

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19910300922 Ceased EP0442646A3 (en) 1990-02-12 1991-02-05 Multipass evaporator

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0442646A3 (fr)
JP (1) JP3044074B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR100237866B1 (fr)
AU (1) AU633399B2 (fr)
BR (1) BR9100558A (fr)
CA (1) CA2035590A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4305060A1 (de) * 1993-02-19 1994-08-25 Behr Gmbh & Co Gelöteter Wärmetauscher, insbesondere Verdampfer
EP0945696A1 (fr) * 1998-03-27 1999-09-29 Karmazin Products Corporation Construction de collecteur en aluminium
WO2001077591A1 (fr) * 2000-04-10 2001-10-18 Zexel Valeo Climate Control Corporation Echangeur de chaleur
EP1070929A3 (fr) * 1999-07-20 2001-11-14 Valeo Klimatechnik GmbH Evaporateur pour système de conditionnement d'air pour véhicule automobile

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100497847B1 (ko) * 1996-10-24 2005-09-30 쇼와 덴코 가부시키가이샤 증발기

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1752235A (en) * 1928-08-17 1930-03-25 Collins William Green Radiator
US3254708A (en) * 1962-05-28 1966-06-07 Borg Warner Heat exchanger
US4829780A (en) * 1988-01-28 1989-05-16 Modine Manufacturing Company Evaporator with improved condensate collection

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3016230A (en) * 1959-03-30 1962-01-09 Gen Electric Heat exchange assembly

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1752235A (en) * 1928-08-17 1930-03-25 Collins William Green Radiator
US3254708A (en) * 1962-05-28 1966-06-07 Borg Warner Heat exchanger
US4829780A (en) * 1988-01-28 1989-05-16 Modine Manufacturing Company Evaporator with improved condensate collection

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4305060A1 (de) * 1993-02-19 1994-08-25 Behr Gmbh & Co Gelöteter Wärmetauscher, insbesondere Verdampfer
DE4305060C2 (de) * 1993-02-19 2002-01-17 Behr Gmbh & Co Gelöteter Wärmetauscher, insbesondere Verdampfer
EP0945696A1 (fr) * 1998-03-27 1999-09-29 Karmazin Products Corporation Construction de collecteur en aluminium
EP1070929A3 (fr) * 1999-07-20 2001-11-14 Valeo Klimatechnik GmbH Evaporateur pour système de conditionnement d'air pour véhicule automobile
WO2001077591A1 (fr) * 2000-04-10 2001-10-18 Zexel Valeo Climate Control Corporation Echangeur de chaleur

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP3044074B2 (ja) 2000-05-22
KR100237866B1 (ko) 2000-01-15
CA2035590A1 (fr) 1991-08-13
AU7096391A (en) 1991-08-15
BR9100558A (pt) 1991-10-29
KR910015835A (ko) 1991-09-30
JPH051864A (ja) 1993-01-08
AU633399B2 (en) 1993-01-28
EP0442646A3 (en) 1992-01-08

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