EP0442332A1 - Structure de coque résistant à la pression pour technologie subaquatique, notamment pour la plongée profonde - Google Patents

Structure de coque résistant à la pression pour technologie subaquatique, notamment pour la plongée profonde Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0442332A1
EP0442332A1 EP91101320A EP91101320A EP0442332A1 EP 0442332 A1 EP0442332 A1 EP 0442332A1 EP 91101320 A EP91101320 A EP 91101320A EP 91101320 A EP91101320 A EP 91101320A EP 0442332 A1 EP0442332 A1 EP 0442332A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
shell structure
technology
shell
underwater
pressure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP91101320A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Pertti Heinonen
Jorma Rautavuori
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rauma Oy
Original Assignee
Rauma Oy
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rauma Oy filed Critical Rauma Oy
Publication of EP0442332A1 publication Critical patent/EP0442332A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B3/00—Hulls characterised by their structure or component parts
    • B63B3/13—Hulls built to withstand hydrostatic pressure when fully submerged, e.g. submarine hulls

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a pressure-proof shell structure for underwater technology, especially for deep sea technology, said shell being provided for at least partly enclosing a closed space.
  • the underwater technology sets special demands on the structures used therein owing to the fact that they are subjected to high pressures. These demands become especially important when the operation takes place at the depths of 5 km and deeper.
  • the object of present invention is to eliminate the drawbacks mentioned above and to accomplish a shell structure which can be used for various purposes in underwater technology, especially in deep sea technology, without increasing the resistance to pressure by compromising the lightness.
  • the shell structure according to the invention is characterized in that it is made of amorphous carbon.
  • the shell structure according to the invention can be used as a hollow buoyancy body, in which the shell envelopes everywhere its hollow interior.
  • the body of the above-mentioned type is preferably spherical and the thickness of the shell is substantially the same throughout the whole sphere.
  • the shell structure according to the invention can also be used as a protecting cover for the components of an underwater device, such as protecting cover for electronic measuring sensors.
  • the cover is light but it protects well the sensors at very high pressures, having at the same time such material properties that it does not disturb the exploring of the exterior environment, because amorphous carbon transmits well various types of radiation and forms a sort of "transparent window" for them.
  • a shell structure used as a buoyancy body can also be incorporated in a larger buoyancy body and it can in this case be surrounded by a well-known buoyancy material of a different type for example.
  • amorphous carbon used in the invention known also by the name vitreous carbon, has surprisingly good properties when it is used in underwater technology.
  • the properties and methods of manufacture of amorphous carbon are discussed for example in Finnish Patent No. 60380 and US-Patent No. 3,626,042.
  • Amorphous carbon can be characterized by the following properties:
  • said material is amorphous only in the sense that crystals can not be detected by means of X-ray diffraction, that is, the obtained curve is characteristic of an amorphous material.
  • Fig. 1 shows a shell structure according to the invention in cross-section.
  • the structure can be used as a buoyancy body having a low density.
  • the buoyancy body is hollow and a shell 1 envelopes it everywhere, thus enclosing its interior 2 entirely from the surroundings.
  • the air present inside the body can thus be taken into consideration when calculating the density of the body.
  • the body is spherical and its outer surface and inner surface, that is, the inner face and the outer face of the body coincide as exactly as possible with concentric spherical surfaces and the wall thickness d of the shell 1 is thus constant through out the whole sphere.
  • the relation of the thickness d of the shell to the outer diameter D of the sphere can of course vary within a wide range when the desired thickness and pressure resistance of the sphere and certain a safety coefficient is taken into consideration. In can be calculated that said relation is directly proportional to the ratio between the desired pressure resistance and the compression strength. For example the ratio of 0,67 is sufficient to give enough strength to the body even at the depths below 5 km where a water pressure exceeds 50 MPa.
  • Said ratio is also large enough so as to avoid a risk of shell buckling as a result of the pressure on the shell, in other words, the structure has enough stoutness.
  • the thickness of the shell does not, however, raise the total density of the body, and it is thus possible to reach total densities less than 0.5 by the above-discussed proportional values.
  • FIG. 2 shows the principle of manufacture of the spheres of Fig. 1.
  • Amorphous carbon is generally prepared by carbonization (pyrolysis) of some polymers. The method of manufacture is disclosed in Finnish Patent No. 60380. The preparation takes place by carbonizing phenol-formaldehyde resin in a protective gas atmosphere according to a suitable temperature/time program.
  • the resinous bodies can be moulded by means of a suitable mould into a desired shape, whereafter the resin will be hardened and the above-mentioned carbonization to amorphous carbon is carried out. During the process the body retains its outer appearance by shrinking ca. 20 to 30%. According to Fig.
  • the sphere can be formed of two hemispheres constituted of the hardened phenol-formaldehyde resin.
  • the hemispheres 1a and 1b are joined together with a suitable pyrolyzable resin, such as with a hardenable phenolic resin.
  • a suitable pyrolyzable resin such as with a hardenable phenolic resin.
  • one of the hemispheres is provided with a small hole, through which the gases can escape from the inside of the sphere.
  • the pyrolysis is carried out in a protective gas in compliance with a predetermined temperature/time program.
  • the hole can be blocked with a suitable resin, for example using epoxy resin.
  • the hole will remain well closed in the operative circumstances of the shell structure, because the hole can be always closed in such a manner that the pressure exerted from the outside presses the resin against the hole more tightly.
  • Fig. 3 shows another embodiment of the shell structure according to the invention.
  • the shell structure forms a protective cover for a component of an underwater device.
  • the protective cover 1 has in this case the shape of a part of a sphere and its wall thickness is substantially constant throughout the whole surface of the shell structure.
  • the shell structure can be attached to the rest of the surface of the underwater device and some suitable ways of fitting can be used for this purpose.
  • the shell structure serves as the shield for electronic measuring sensors 3.
  • the cover does not cause any disturbances in the measurement itself, because the amorphous carbon forms a sort of "transparent window" for most types of radiation used in underwater measurements by means of electronic sensors.
  • buoyancy bodies having a density below 0.5 can reach a pressure resistance exceeding 1000 bar (over 100 MPa). In addition, said density is also well retained at the pressure concerned.
  • the shell structure can also be provided together with other buoyant material, for example in such a manner that it will be surrounded by other material, for example plastic material, within a larger buoyancy body.
  • This plastic material can be for example of a well-known epoxy resin, which in addition comprises so-called glass microspheres with a diameter of 10 to 30 ⁇ m in order to lower its density. Said material is know by the name "syntactic foam".
  • the buoyancy body of this type can be manufactured by casting in such a manner, that the spheres of amorphous carbon, which can be of different sizes, as well as the glass microspheres are embedded within the epoxy resin, by using a conventional technique.
  • the shapes of the shell structures are not either restricted in any way in the above description, although it is self-evident that spherical bodies or bodies having the shape of a part of a sphere have inherently optimum pressure resistance.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Pressure Vessels And Lids Thereof (AREA)
EP91101320A 1990-02-14 1991-02-01 Structure de coque résistant à la pression pour technologie subaquatique, notamment pour la plongée profonde Withdrawn EP0442332A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI900713A FI900713A (fi) 1990-02-14 1990-02-14 Trycksaeker skalkonstruktion foer undervattensteknik, i synnerhet foer djuphavsteknik.
FI900713 1990-02-14

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0442332A1 true EP0442332A1 (fr) 1991-08-21

Family

ID=8529876

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91101320A Withdrawn EP0442332A1 (fr) 1990-02-14 1991-02-01 Structure de coque résistant à la pression pour technologie subaquatique, notamment pour la plongée profonde

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0442332A1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH04215592A (fr)
FI (1) FI900713A (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117465640A (zh) * 2023-12-08 2024-01-30 上海交通大学 用于深海内爆防护的轻质复合球形耐压结构及深海潜器

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101172518B (zh) * 2007-10-26 2011-05-11 哈尔滨工程大学 深水耐压浮力装置
RU2535764C1 (ru) * 2013-07-09 2014-12-20 Российская Федерация, от имени которой выступает Государственная корпорация по атомной энергии "Росатом" (Госкорпорация "Росатом") Корпус подводного аппарата
CN106143788B (zh) * 2015-04-11 2019-08-06 王正铉 一种能增加潜艇下潜深度的艇壳结构
CN107244380A (zh) * 2017-05-18 2017-10-13 江苏科技大学 一种潜水器耐压壳

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2258345A1 (en) * 1974-01-23 1975-08-18 Butjugin Vitaly Vitreous carbon body prodn. - from thermosetting plastics cast separately, with centrifugal casting process for surfaces of revolution
US4550015A (en) * 1983-03-21 1985-10-29 Plastics Engineering Company Vitreous carbon and process for preparation thereof
FR2572986A1 (fr) * 1984-11-09 1986-05-16 Poudres & Explosifs Ste Nale Procede de fabrication de spheres de faible densite apparente, et resistantes a une pression externe elevee; spheres ainsi obtenues et materiau a faible densite apparente comportant ces spheres
WO1987000501A1 (fr) * 1985-07-23 1987-01-29 Hydrovision Ltd. Hublot d'observation pour vehicules sous-marins

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2258345A1 (en) * 1974-01-23 1975-08-18 Butjugin Vitaly Vitreous carbon body prodn. - from thermosetting plastics cast separately, with centrifugal casting process for surfaces of revolution
US4550015A (en) * 1983-03-21 1985-10-29 Plastics Engineering Company Vitreous carbon and process for preparation thereof
FR2572986A1 (fr) * 1984-11-09 1986-05-16 Poudres & Explosifs Ste Nale Procede de fabrication de spheres de faible densite apparente, et resistantes a une pression externe elevee; spheres ainsi obtenues et materiau a faible densite apparente comportant ces spheres
WO1987000501A1 (fr) * 1985-07-23 1987-01-29 Hydrovision Ltd. Hublot d'observation pour vehicules sous-marins

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS (USPEKHI KHIMII), vol. 40, no. 5, May 1971, pages 413-427; CHEKANOVA & FIALKOV: "VITREOUS CARBON (Preparation, Properties and Applications)" * page 427, right-hand column, paragraph 2 * *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117465640A (zh) * 2023-12-08 2024-01-30 上海交通大学 用于深海内爆防护的轻质复合球形耐压结构及深海潜器

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH04215592A (ja) 1992-08-06
FI900713A (fi) 1991-08-15
FI900713A0 (fi) 1990-02-14

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US4021589A (en) Buoyancy materials
CA1201250A (fr) Materiau d'ame pour pare-chocs d'automobiles
CA2136284A1 (fr) Enceinte sous pression avec systeme d'attenuation des degats
US3744016A (en) Foam seismic streamer
EP0875162A1 (fr) Casque
EP0442332A1 (fr) Structure de coque résistant à la pression pour technologie subaquatique, notamment pour la plongée profonde
EP0985356A2 (fr) Casque
EP1197398A3 (fr) Système anti-choc d'absorption d'énergie pour véhicules
NO162451B (no) Trykkbestandig oppdriftsmateriale for bruk under vann medstor dybde.
CA2022717A1 (fr) Dispositif anti-explosion pour contenant de carburant et mode d'emploi
EP0932039A3 (fr) Capteur de gaz
SE8503790D0 (sv) Forfarande for framstellning av ror eller axlar med lag vikt samt lagviktsror eller -axlar framstellda enligt forfarandet
MATSUSHIMA On the flow and fracture of igneous rocks
CA1108360A (fr) Revetements protecteurs microporeux
Parmenter et al. Compressive response of lightweight ceramic ablators: phenolic impregnated carbon ablator
CN108314808A (zh) 一种深海柔性浮力材料及其制备方法
EP1664684A2 (fr) Transducteur acoustique ou ultrasonique
Westermann et al. Septum morphology and bathymetry in cephalopods
CN107867380A (zh) 一种陶瓷空心浮力球表面防护结构及其制备方法
Mecholsky Fractography, fracture mechanics and fractal geometry: an integration
GB2053789A (en) Microporous protective sheet
Dzhankhotov et al. Experimental and theoretical studies of the load-bearing capacity of longitudinally compressed slightly conical shells made of composite materials
CN219889356U (zh) 一种安装机构及高压套管内部乙炔检测用传感器
HU896559D0 (en) Insulating alkenyl aromatic composition
JPS5765717A (en) Shock absorbing foam

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): BE DE FR GB NL

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN

18D Application deemed to be withdrawn

Effective date: 19920222