EP0438683B1 - Method and device for dumping fine material on the sea bed or slopes during dredging - Google Patents

Method and device for dumping fine material on the sea bed or slopes during dredging Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0438683B1
EP0438683B1 EP90123525A EP90123525A EP0438683B1 EP 0438683 B1 EP0438683 B1 EP 0438683B1 EP 90123525 A EP90123525 A EP 90123525A EP 90123525 A EP90123525 A EP 90123525A EP 0438683 B1 EP0438683 B1 EP 0438683B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fine material
diffuser
extremely fine
lake
bank
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90123525A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0438683A1 (en
Inventor
Wolfgang Rohr
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Rohr GmbH
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Rohr GmbH
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/88—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with arrangements acting by a sucking or forcing effect, e.g. suction dredgers
    • E02F3/8833—Floating installations
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
    • E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
    • E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
    • E02B3/121—Devices for applying linings on banks or the water bottom
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/88—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with arrangements acting by a sucking or forcing effect, e.g. suction dredgers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/88—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with arrangements acting by a sucking or forcing effect, e.g. suction dredgers
    • E02F3/90—Component parts, e.g. arrangement or adaptation of pumps
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F5/00—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F7/00—Equipment for conveying or separating excavated material
    • E02F7/02—Conveying equipment mounted on a dredger
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F7/00—Equipment for conveying or separating excavated material
    • E02F7/10—Pipelines for conveying excavated materials

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for sealing the bottom and the embankment of an excavated lake created during wet mining by applying fine material to the bottom and the embankment of the excavated lake, in which the dredged material is brought to a processing plant and there the usable sand and gravel material is separated from the fine material the fine material is then returned to the quarry lake.
  • Sand and gravel mining under water is carried out as follows.
  • the top layers in the topsoil and the clearing material are removed and reused according to the plan approval procedure.
  • Floating grapples and pneumatic excavators are used for great depths and bucket chain excavators, suction excavators and scrapers for shallower depths.
  • the suction dredger used here conveys 80% water and 20% gravel due to its function, the water components together with the fine material being pumped as far away as possible via a pipe so that the pumping of the usable material to a ship is not disrupted.
  • the fine material is deposited somewhere in an uncontrolled manner, without it having to perform any function.
  • only a part of the very fine material is detected in this known method or known device.
  • the invention is based on the object of proposing a method and a device with or with which the resulting fine material is used to seal the bottom and the embankment of an excavated lake formed during wet surface mining, so that the groundwater system is separated from the water of the surrounding aquifer.
  • An advantageous method step provides that the very fine material is pumped to and applied by an underwater diffuser.
  • a further process step provides that the fine material is temporarily stored on land before being applied to the ground and / or embankment and is pumped to the diffuser system with the addition of water.
  • An advantageous device for sealing the bottom and the embankment of an excavated lake created during wet open-cast mining by applying fine material to the bottom and / or the embankment of the quarry lake according to the process consisting of a mining device, a processing plant for the sand and gravel material with a device for separating the fine material, consists in that the device for separating the fine material is connected to at least one underwater diffuser via a pump and a pipe, which is attached to a swimming station and, in order to discharge the very fine material directly at the bottom and / or embankment of the quarry lake, is arranged with its opening directed towards the bottom or the embankment at the bottom or the embankment.
  • a further advantageous embodiment provides that the floating pipeline and the diffuser are anchored to the floating body of the floating station, the Pipeline is arranged on a swiveling boom system with a hoist.
  • the diffuser is flanged to a pivotable tube of the boom system.
  • the very fine material can be collected in a basin, which is connected to the diffuser by means of a pipe which is partly laid on land and partly floating.
  • the diffuser is connected via the pipelines to the basin and a floating treatment plant at the same time.
  • a second diffuser is connected to the floating treatment plant.
  • the diffuser is subsequently plate-shaped on its conical part, air inlet and air outlet guides being provided laterally above an abrasion plate.
  • the invention has the essential advantage that new raw material reserves can be tapped via a controlled seal without endangering the protection of the groundwater. On the contrary, the protection of the groundwater is significantly increased compared to conventional mining methods and the consumption of dredging area is minimized. With smaller and deeper water areas, the often mentioned problem of water evaporation is also kept to a minimum.
  • groundwater horizons withheld from drinking water production can be protected from contamination by sealing the sand and gravel extraction points.
  • FIG. 1 shows the top view of an excavator lake 24 in accordance with a mining plan, the excavator lake being divided into five mining sections I to V. After excavation section I is dredged, it is sealed using the method according to the invention.
  • the dredger 1 is shown with processing system 3, which is connected to the land via conveyor belts 27.
  • a treatment plant 3 ' is also provided on land, to which a landfill 31 is assigned, where the very fine material is collected.
  • a collecting container or basin 14 is provided, to which a floating pipeline 4 to a diffuser 16 is connected. The fine material is pumped to the diffuser 16 via this basin 14 with pump 32.
  • FIG. 2 shows the hydrogeological section of such a gravel mining site and the quarry lake 24 formed there.
  • the lake floor 12 or the embankments 13 are provided with a layer 19 of fine material as a sealing application.
  • the individual clay layers are clearly visible and hatched, with individual clay lenses 26 remaining due to the dredging.
  • sand and gravel material is conveyed by means of a dredger 1 with a gripper 2 lowered to the ground.
  • This material is processed in a processing plant 3 arranged on the excavator 1 in accordance with the DIN regulations.
  • the resulting fine material is pumped via a further floating pipeline 4 to a further underwater diffuser 5, which is arranged on a swimming station 6.
  • the swimming station 6 has a floating body 7 on which a pivotable boom system 8, 9 is arranged.
  • the boom system 8, 9 is provided with a hoist 10.
  • the floating pipeline 4 is anchored on the float 7, with a pivotable pipe 11 connecting which is connected to the underwater diffuser 5.
  • the underwater diffuser 5 has the task of removing the fine material coming from the pumps on the lake floor 12, without causing any significant clouding of the water, by reducing the flow rate and thickening the material. Furthermore, the design of the underwater diffuser 5 should be chosen so that the fine material concentrates and relaxes on the lake floor 12 and the embankment 13. The application of the layer thickness can be controlled and monitored automatically.
  • the entire underwater diffuser system can be moved using windlasses after the required layer thickness has been reached. This process can also be automated.
  • the fine material is to be introduced as a sealing material with an appropriate dismantling progress (Fig. 1), first a final depth is created with a mining device, then with the progressive dismantling, the sea floor 12 or the embankment 13 that is released becomes part of the process sealed the system. Until the final depth is reached, the very fine material can also be deposited on land in polder basins or containers 14 (FIGS. 1 and 4) (landfill 31), in order then to be available for later sealing. As shown in FIG. 4, the sand and gravel material with the finest material comes from the dredger 1 to the processing system 3 'via a conveyor belt 33. Suitable fine material can also be fed to the collecting container 14 with the simultaneous addition of water to the diffuser 5 via the pump 32.
  • connection of the swimming station 6 takes place here via a section of a pipeline 15 laid on land, which then merges into the floating pipeline 4.
  • the method described is also suitable for lowering existing dredging lakes.
  • a second underwater diffuser 16 is also used, which is used depending on the mining plan.
  • This diffuser 16 is connected via the floating pipeline 4 to the collecting container 14 arranged on land.
  • the diffuser 5 shows how the diffuser 5 applies the finest material to the lake floor 12 and the embankment 13.
  • the grain size of this fine material is less than 100 » for example in a range between 0 and 63».
  • FIG. 7 shows the embodiment of such a swimming station 6.
  • This swimming station 6 is fastened to the lake floor 12 with the aid of an anchor 17.
  • the layer 19 of the finest material is applied by the diffuser 5.
  • FIG. 8 A possible embodiment for the diffuser 5 or 16 is shown in FIG. 8.
  • the diffuser has a conical part 20 which widens towards the bottom 12 and merges into a plate-shaped section 21.
  • the bottom of the diffuser has an abrasion plate 22 that slopes from the center to both sides and is designed at its edge as an impact plate 23.
  • the fine material is discharged with low turbulence via discharge openings 25.
  • the very fine material flows in in the direction of the arrow 28.
  • At the upper end of the conical tube 29 there is a screw-on flange 30.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Underground Or Underwater Handling Of Building Materials (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

The sand and gravel material extracted by a dredger 1 with floating grabs 2 is fed to a treatment installation 3. The ultra-fine mineral material occurring thereby is fed via a floating pipeline 4 and a pivotable tube 11 arranged thereupon to an underwater diffuser 5, which dumps the material on the seabed 12 or the slope 13 for packing. The diffuser 5 is arranged on a floating station 6. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Abdichten des Grundes und der Böschung eines beim Naßtagebau entstandenen Baggersees durch Aufbringen von Feinstmaterial auf den Grund und die Böschung des Baggersees, bei welchem das Baggergut zu einer Aufbereitungsanlage gebracht und dort das verwertbare Sand- und Kiesmaterial von dem Feinstmaterial getrennt wird, wobei anschließend das Feinstmaterial in den Baggersee zurückgeleitet wird.The invention relates to a method for sealing the bottom and the embankment of an excavated lake created during wet mining by applying fine material to the bottom and the embankment of the excavated lake, in which the dredged material is brought to a processing plant and there the usable sand and gravel material is separated from the fine material the fine material is then returned to the quarry lake.

Sand- und Kiesabbau unter Wasser wird wie folgt betrieben. Die Deckschichten im Mutterboden und das Abraummaterial werden gemäß dem Planfeststellungsverfahren entfernt und wieder verwendet. Für große Tiefen werden Schwimmgreifer und Druckluftbagger eingesetzt und für geringere Tiefen Eimerkettenbagger, Saugbagger und Schrapper.Sand and gravel mining under water is carried out as follows. The top layers in the topsoil and the clearing material are removed and reused according to the plan approval procedure. Floating grapples and pneumatic excavators are used for great depths and bucket chain excavators, suction excavators and scrapers for shallower depths.

Es ist bekannt (DD-Zeitschrift Bauindustrie 1986, S. 111-114), das Baggergut mit Hilfe eines Greifers über einen Fahrtrichter und Kiesbunker einer Entwässerungssiebmaschine zuzuführen. In dieser Entwässerungssiebmaschine wird das verwertbare Sand- und Kiesmaterial von dem Feinstmaterial getrennt, wobei das verwertbare Sand- und Kiesmaterial über ein Austragband gefördert wird, während das nichtverwertbare Feinstmaterial unkontrolliert zurück in den Baggersee geleitet wird. Dieses Abfallprodukt wird hierbei nicht genutzt. Es ist weiterhin eine Fördereinrichtung für gebaggertes Material bekannt (US-A-3 972 137), wobei über einen Saugbagger ein Gemisch aus Feinstmaterial und verwertbarem Sand- und Kiesmaterial einem Unterwassersilo zugeführt wird. Der hierbei verwendete Saugbagger fördert funktionsbedingt 80 % Wasser und 20 % Kies, wobei die Wasseranteile zusammen mit dem Feinstmaterial über eine Leitung möglichst weit weg gepumpt werden, damit das Abpumpen des verwertbaren Materials zu einem Schiff nicht gestört wird. Hierbei wird das Feinstmaterial irgendwo unkontrolliert abgelagert, ohne daß es irgendeine Funktion erfüllen soll. Außerdem wird bei diesem bekannten Verfahren bzw. bekannten Vorrichtung nur ein Teil des Feinstmaterials erfaßt.It is known (DD magazine Bauindustrie 1986, pp. 111-114) to feed the dredged material to a dewatering sieve machine with the aid of a gripper via a traveling hopper and gravel bunker. In this dewatering screening machine, the usable sand and gravel material is separated from the fine material, the usable sand and gravel material being conveyed via a discharge belt, while the non-usable fine material is fed back into the quarry lake in an uncontrolled manner. This waste product is not used here. A conveyor device for dredged material is also known (US Pat. No. 3,972,137), whereby a mixture of the finest material and recyclable sand and gravel material is fed to an underwater silo via a suction dredger. The suction dredger used here conveys 80% water and 20% gravel due to its function, the water components together with the fine material being pumped as far away as possible via a pipe so that the pumping of the usable material to a ship is not disrupted. Here the fine material is deposited somewhere in an uncontrolled manner, without it having to perform any function. In addition, only a part of the very fine material is detected in this known method or known device.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung vorzuschlagen, mit dem bzw, mit der das anfallende Feinstmaterial zum Abdichten des Grundes und der Böschung eines beim Naßtagebau entstandenen Baggersees verwendet wird, damit das Grundwassersystem vom Wasser des ihn umgebenden Grundwasserleiters getrennt wird.The invention is based on the object of proposing a method and a device with or with which the resulting fine material is used to seal the bottom and the embankment of an excavated lake formed during wet surface mining, so that the groundwater system is separated from the water of the surrounding aquifer.

Diese Aufgabe wird mit dem Verfahren nach der Erfindung dadurch gelöst, daß das ausgeschiedene Feinstmaterial vollständig erfaßt, über eine flexible Förderleitung zu einer genau bestimmten Stelle von Grund und/oder Böschung des Baggersees, wobei diese Stelle regelmäßig verlegt wird, gepumpt und dort über einen kontrollierten Austrag aufgebracht wird.This object is achieved with the method according to the invention in that the excreted fine material is completely captured, pumped via a flexible delivery line to a precisely determined location from the bottom and / or embankment of the dredging lake, this location being routed regularly, and pumped there via a controlled one Discharge is applied.

Ein vorteilhafter Verfahrensschritt sieht vor, daß das Feinstmaterial zu einem Unterwasserdiffusor gepumpt und von diesem aufgetragen wird.An advantageous method step provides that the very fine material is pumped to and applied by an underwater diffuser.

Ein weiterer Verfahrensschritt sieht vor, daß das Feinstmaterial vor dem Aufbringen auf Grund und/oder Böschung an Land zwischengelagert und unter Zugabe von Wasser dem Diffusor-System zugepumpt wird.A further process step provides that the fine material is temporarily stored on land before being applied to the ground and / or embankment and is pumped to the diffuser system with the addition of water.

Eine vorteilhafte Vorrichtung zum Abdichten des Grundes und der Böschung eines beim Naßtagebau entstandenen Baggersees durch Aufbringen von Feinstmaterial auf den Grund und/oder die Böschung des Baggersees nach dem Verfahren, bestehend aus einem Gewinnungsgerät, einer Aufbereitungsanlage für das Sand- und Kiesmaterial mit einer Einrichtung zum Aussondern des Feinstmaterials, besteht darin, daß die Einrichtung zum Aussondern des Feinstmaterials über eine Pumpe und eine Rohrleitung mit wenigstens einem Unterwasserdiffusor verbundern ist, der an einer Schwimmstation befestigt ist und, um das Feinstmaterial direkt am Grund und/oder Böschung des Baggersees auszutragen, mit seiner Öffnung auf den Grund bzw. die Böschung gerichtet am Grund bzw. der Böschung angeordnet ist.An advantageous device for sealing the bottom and the embankment of an excavated lake created during wet open-cast mining by applying fine material to the bottom and / or the embankment of the quarry lake according to the process, consisting of a mining device, a processing plant for the sand and gravel material with a device for separating the fine material, consists in that the device for separating the fine material is connected to at least one underwater diffuser via a pump and a pipe, which is attached to a swimming station and, in order to discharge the very fine material directly at the bottom and / or embankment of the quarry lake, is arranged with its opening directed towards the bottom or the embankment at the bottom or the embankment.

Eine weitere vorteilhafte Ausführungsform sieht vor, daß an dem Schwimmkörper der Schwimmstation der schwimmende Rohrleitung und der Diffusor verankert sind, wobei die Rohrleitung an einem schwenkbaren Auslegersystem mit Hubzug angeordnet ist.A further advantageous embodiment provides that the floating pipeline and the diffuser are anchored to the floating body of the floating station, the Pipeline is arranged on a swiveling boom system with a hoist.

Es ist vorteilhaft, daß der Diffusor an einem schwenkbaren Rohr des Auslegersystems angeflanscht ist.It is advantageous that the diffuser is flanged to a pivotable tube of the boom system.

Weiterhin wird vorgeschlagen, daß das Feinstmaterial in einem Becken sammelbar ist, das mittels einer teils an Land und teils schwimmend verlegten Rohrleitung mit dem Diffusor verbunden ist.Furthermore, it is proposed that the very fine material can be collected in a basin, which is connected to the diffuser by means of a pipe which is partly laid on land and partly floating.

Weiterhin ist es vorteilhaft, daß der Diffusor über die Rohrleitungen mit dem Becken und einer schwimmenden Aufbereitungsanlage gleichzeitig verbunden ist.It is also advantageous that the diffuser is connected via the pipelines to the basin and a floating treatment plant at the same time.

Es ist vorteilhaft, daß an die schwimmende Aufbereitungsanlage ein zweiter Diffusor angeschlossen ist.It is advantageous that a second diffuser is connected to the floating treatment plant.

Es wird schließlich vorgeschlagen, daß der Diffusor anschließend an seinen konischen Teil tellerartig ausgebildet ist, wobei seitlich oberhalb einer Abriebplatte Lufteinlaß- und Luftablaßführungen vorgesehen sind.Finally, it is proposed that the diffuser is subsequently plate-shaped on its conical part, air inlet and air outlet guides being provided laterally above an abrasion plate.

Die Erfindung bringt den wesentlichen Vorteil, daß über eine kontrollierte Abdichtung neue Rohstoffreserven, ohne den Schutz des Grundwassers zu gefährden, erschlossen werden. Ganz im Gegenteil, der Schutz des Grundwassers wird gegenüber den herkömmlichen Abbaumethoden wesentlich erhöht und der Verbrauch von Baggerfläche minimiert. Mit kleineren und tieferen Wasserflächen ist auch das oft angesprochene Problem der Gewässerverdunstung auf ein Minimum begrenzt.The invention has the essential advantage that new raw material reserves can be tapped via a controlled seal without endangering the protection of the groundwater. On the contrary, the protection of the groundwater is significantly increased compared to conventional mining methods and the consumption of dredging area is minimized. With smaller and deeper water areas, the often mentioned problem of water evaporation is also kept to a minimum.

Außerdem wird erreicht, daß der Trinkwassergewinnung vorenthaltene Grundwasserhorizonte sich vor Verunreinigung schützen lassen, in dem die Sand- und Kiesentnahmestellen abgedichtet werden.It is also achieved that groundwater horizons withheld from drinking water production can be protected from contamination by sealing the sand and gravel extraction points.

Die Erfindung wird in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung anhand von in den Zeichnungen dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert.The invention is explained in more detail in the following description with reference to exemplary embodiments shown in the drawings.

Es zeigen,

Fig. 1
eine Ansicht eines Kiesabbauplanes,
Fig. 2
einen hydrogeologischen Schnitt einer Kiesabbaustelle,
Fig. 3
einen Schwimmgreifer mit einer Vorrichtung zum Abdichten des Bodens eines Baggersees,
Fig. 4
eine derartige Vorrichtung mit Pumpe und an Land angeordneten Sammelbecken für das Feinstmaterial und Anschluß von abgelagertem Feinstmaterial,
Fig. 5
eine Draufsicht auf einen derartigen Baggersee mit zwei Vorrichtungen zum Abdichten des Bodens bzw. der Böschung,
Fig. 6
eine Ansicht des Baggersees beim Abdichten der Böschung,
Fig. 7
die Vorrichtung zum Adichten des Bodens in vergrößerter Ansicht und
Fig. 8
einen zum Abdichten verwendbaren Diffusor.
Show it,
Fig. 1
a view of a gravel mining plan,
Fig. 2
a hydrogeological section of a gravel mining site,
Fig. 3
a floating gripper with a device for sealing the bottom of an excavated lake,
Fig. 4
a device of this type with a pump and a collecting basin arranged on land for the fine material and connection of deposited fine material,
Fig. 5
a plan view of such a quarry lake with two devices for sealing the ground or the embankment,
Fig. 6
a view of the dredging lake while sealing the embankment,
Fig. 7
the device for soil sealing in an enlarged view and
Fig. 8
a diffuser that can be used for sealing.

Die Figur 1 zeigt die Draufsicht auf einen Baggersee 24 gemäß einem Abbauplan, wobei der Baggersee in fünf Abbauabschnitte I bis V eingeteilt ist. Nachdem der Abbauabschnitt I ausgebaggert ist, wird er nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren abgedichtet. In der Zeichnung ist der Schwimmbagger 1 mit Aufbereitungsanlage 3 dargestellt, der über Förderbänder 27 mit dem Land verbunden ist. An Land ist weiterhin eine Aufbereitungsanlage 3' vorgesehen, der eine Deponie 31 zugeordnet ist, wo das Feinstmaterial gesammelt wird. Neben dieser Aufbereitungsanlage 3' ist ein Sammelbehälter oder Becken 14 vorgesehen, an das eine schwimmende Rohrleitung 4 zu einem Diffusor 16 angeschlossen ist. Über dieses Becken 14 mit Pumpe 32 wird das Feinstmaterial zu dem Diffusor 16 gepumpt.FIG. 1 shows the top view of an excavator lake 24 in accordance with a mining plan, the excavator lake being divided into five mining sections I to V. After excavation section I is dredged, it is sealed using the method according to the invention. In the Drawing, the dredger 1 is shown with processing system 3, which is connected to the land via conveyor belts 27. A treatment plant 3 'is also provided on land, to which a landfill 31 is assigned, where the very fine material is collected. In addition to this treatment plant 3 ', a collecting container or basin 14 is provided, to which a floating pipeline 4 to a diffuser 16 is connected. The fine material is pumped to the diffuser 16 via this basin 14 with pump 32.

Die Fig. 2 zeigt den hydrogeologischen Schnitt einer derartigen Kiesabbaustelle und den dort entstandenen Baggersee 24. Der Seeboden 12 bzw. die Böschungen 13 sind als Abdichtauftrag mit einer Schicht 19 aus Feinstmaterial versehen. In dieser Darstellung sind die einzelnen Tonschichten gut erkennbar und schraffiert dargestellt, wobei durch das Ausbaggern noch einzelne Tonlinsen 26 verbleiben.2 shows the hydrogeological section of such a gravel mining site and the quarry lake 24 formed there. The lake floor 12 or the embankments 13 are provided with a layer 19 of fine material as a sealing application. In this representation, the individual clay layers are clearly visible and hatched, with individual clay lenses 26 remaining due to the dredging.

Bei der in Fig. 3 dargestellten Ausführungsform wird mittels eines Schwimmbaggers 1 mit einem auf den Boden abgesenkten Greifer 2 Sand- und Kiesmaterial gefördert. Dieses Material wird in einer auf dem Bagger 1 angeordneten Aufbereitungsanlage 3 gemäß den DIN-Vorschriften aufbereitet. Das hierbei entstehende Feinstmaterial wird über eine weitere schwimmende Rohrleitung 4 zu einem weiteren Unterwasserdiffusor 5 gepumpt, der auf einer Schwimmstation 6 angeordnet ist. Die Schwimmstation 6 besitzt einen Schwimmkörper 7, auf dem ein schwenkbares Auslegersystem 8,9 angeordnet ist. Das Auslegersystem 8,9 ist mit einem Hubzug 10 versehen. Weiterhin ist die schwimmende Rohrleitung 4 auf dem Schwimmkörper 7 verankert, wobei ein schwenkbares Rohr 11 anschließt, das mit dem Unterwasserdiffusor 5 verbunden ist. Der Unterwasserdiffusor 5 hat hierbei die Aufgabe, das von den Pumpen kommende Feinstmaterial auf dem Seeboden 12, ohne nennenswerte Trübung des Wassers zu verursachen, zu verteilen, indem die Fließgeschwindigkeit vermindert und das Material eingedickt wird. Weiterhin ist die Ausführung des Unterwasserdiffusors 5 so zu wählen, daß sich das Feinstmaterial konzentriert und entspannt auf dem Seeboden 12 und der Böschung 13 absetzt. Der Auftrag der Schichtstärke kann automatisch gesteuert und überwacht werden.In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, sand and gravel material is conveyed by means of a dredger 1 with a gripper 2 lowered to the ground. This material is processed in a processing plant 3 arranged on the excavator 1 in accordance with the DIN regulations. The resulting fine material is pumped via a further floating pipeline 4 to a further underwater diffuser 5, which is arranged on a swimming station 6. The swimming station 6 has a floating body 7 on which a pivotable boom system 8, 9 is arranged. The boom system 8, 9 is provided with a hoist 10. Furthermore, the floating pipeline 4 is anchored on the float 7, with a pivotable pipe 11 connecting which is connected to the underwater diffuser 5. The underwater diffuser 5 has the task of removing the fine material coming from the pumps on the lake floor 12, without causing any significant clouding of the water, by reducing the flow rate and thickening the material. Furthermore, the design of the underwater diffuser 5 should be chosen so that the fine material concentrates and relaxes on the lake floor 12 and the embankment 13. The application of the layer thickness can be controlled and monitored automatically.

Das ganze Unterwasserdiffusorsystem kann über Ankerwinden nach Erreichen der notwendigen Schichtstärke versetzt werden. Auch dieser Vorgang kann automatisiert werden.The entire underwater diffuser system can be moved using windlasses after the required layer thickness has been reached. This process can also be automated.

Nachdem die Schichtstärke der Abdichtung festgelegt ist, ist mit einem entsprechenden Abbaufortschritt (Fig. 1) das Feinstmaterial als Dichtmaterial einzubringen, zuerst wird mit einem Gewinnungsgerät eine Endtiefe geschaffen, dann wird mit dem weiter fortschreitenden Abbau der freiwerdende Seeboden 12 bzw. die Böschung 13 mit dem System abgedichtet. Bis zum Erreichen der Endtiefe kann auch das Feinstmaterial an Land in Polderbecken oder Behältern 14 (Figuren 1 und 4) deponiert werden (Deponie 31), um dann für eine spätere Abdichtung zur Verfügung zu stehen. Wie Fig. 4 zeigt, kommt das Sand- und Kiesmaterial mit dem Feinstmaterial über ein Förderband 33 vom Schwimmbagger 1 zur Aufbereitungsanlage 3'. Ebenso kann geeignetes Feinstmaterial dem Sammelbehälter 14 mit gleichzeitiger Zugabe von Wasser über die Pumpe 32 dem Diffusor 5 zugeführt werden.After the layer thickness of the seal has been determined, the fine material is to be introduced as a sealing material with an appropriate dismantling progress (Fig. 1), first a final depth is created with a mining device, then with the progressive dismantling, the sea floor 12 or the embankment 13 that is released becomes part of the process sealed the system. Until the final depth is reached, the very fine material can also be deposited on land in polder basins or containers 14 (FIGS. 1 and 4) (landfill 31), in order then to be available for later sealing. As shown in FIG. 4, the sand and gravel material with the finest material comes from the dredger 1 to the processing system 3 'via a conveyor belt 33. Suitable fine material can also be fed to the collecting container 14 with the simultaneous addition of water to the diffuser 5 via the pump 32.

Der Anschluß der Schwimmstation 6 erfolgt hierbei über einen Abschnitt einer an Land verlegten Rohrleitung 15, die dann in die schwimmende Rohrleitung 4 übergeht.The connection of the swimming station 6 takes place here via a section of a pipeline 15 laid on land, which then merges into the floating pipeline 4.

Das beschriebene Verfahren eignet sich auch zur Tieferlegung von bereits vorhandenen Baggerseen.The method described is also suitable for lowering existing dredging lakes.

Bei der in Fig. 5 gezeigten Draufsicht wird ebenfalls ein zweiter Unterwasserdiffusor 16 verwendet, der je nach Abbauplan eingesetzt wird. Dieser Diffusor 16 ist über die schwimmende Rohrleitung 4 mit dem an Land angeordneten Sammelbehälter 14 verbunden.In the plan view shown in FIG. 5, a second underwater diffuser 16 is also used, which is used depending on the mining plan. This diffuser 16 is connected via the floating pipeline 4 to the collecting container 14 arranged on land.

In der Fig. 6 ist gezeigt, wie der Diffusor 5 das Feinstmaterial am Seeboden 12 und an der Böschung 13 aufträgt. Die Korngröße dieses Feinstmaterials liegt unter 100 », beispielsweise in einer Größenordnung zwischen 0 und 63 ».6 shows how the diffuser 5 applies the finest material to the lake floor 12 and the embankment 13. The grain size of this fine material is less than 100 », for example in a range between 0 and 63».

Die Fig. 7 zeigt die Ausführungsform einer derartigen Schwimmstation 6. Diese Schwimmstation 6 ist mit Hilfe eines Ankers 17 am Seeboden 12 befestigt. Hierbei wird die Schicht 19 des Feinstmaterials von dem Diffusor 5 aufgebracht.7 shows the embodiment of such a swimming station 6. This swimming station 6 is fastened to the lake floor 12 with the aid of an anchor 17. Here, the layer 19 of the finest material is applied by the diffuser 5.

Eine mögliche Ausführungsform für den Diffusor 5 bzw. 16 ist in Fig. 8 dargestellt. Der Diffusor besitzt einen konischen Teil 20, der gegen den Seeboden 12 hin sich erweitert und in einen tellerförmigen Abschnitt 21 übergeht. Der Boden des Diffusors besitzt eine von der Mitte aus nach beiden Seiten hin abfallende Abriebplatte 22, die an ihrem Rand als Aufprallplatte 23 ausgebildet ist. Über Ausbringungsöffnungen 25 wird das Feinstmaterial turbulenzarm ausgetragen. Der Zufluß des Feinstmaterials erfolgt in Pfeilrichtung 28. Am oberen Ende des konischen Rohres 29 befindet sich ein Anschraubflansch 3O.A possible embodiment for the diffuser 5 or 16 is shown in FIG. 8. The diffuser has a conical part 20 which widens towards the bottom 12 and merges into a plate-shaped section 21. The bottom of the diffuser has an abrasion plate 22 that slopes from the center to both sides and is designed at its edge as an impact plate 23. The fine material is discharged with low turbulence via discharge openings 25. The very fine material flows in in the direction of the arrow 28. At the upper end of the conical tube 29 there is a screw-on flange 30.

Claims (10)

  1. A process for sealing the bottom and the bank of an excavated lake produced during wet open digging, by applying extremely fine material to the bottom (12) and the bank (13) of the excavated lake, in which process the excavated material is taken to a preparing plant (3, 3') and the usable sand and gravel material is there separated from the extremely fine material, the extremely fine material subsequently being fed back into the excavated lake (24), characterized in that the separated-off extremely fine material is completely gathered up, pumped by way of a flexible conveying line (4) to a precisely determined location of the bottom (12) and/or the bank (13) of the excavated lake (24), this location regularly being moved, and is applied there by way of a controlled discharge.
  2. A process according to Claim 1, characterized in that the extremely fine material is pumped to an underwater diffuser (5, 16) and is distributed by the latter.
  3. A process according to Claim 1 and 2, characterized in that before the application to the bottom (12) and/or the bank (13) the extremely fine material is put in intermediate storage on land and is pumped to the diffuser system (5) with added water.
  4. An apparatus for sealing the bottom and the bank of an excavated lake produced during wet open digging, by applying extremely fine material to the bottom (12) and/or the bank (13) of the excavated lake according to the process according to one of Claims 1 to 3, comprising a recovery device, a preparing plant (3, 3') for the sand and gravel material, having a means of screening out the extremely fine material, characterized in that the means for screening out the extremely fine material is connected by way of a pump and a pipeline (4) to at least one underwater diffuser (5, 16) which is secured to a floating station (6) and, in order to discharge the extremely fine material directly onto the bottom (12) and/or the bank (13) of the excavated lake, is arranged on the bottom (12) or on the bank (13) with its opening directed towards the bottom (12) or the bank (13) respectively.
  5. An apparatus according to Claim 4, characterized in that the floating pipeline (4) and the diffuser (5) are anchored to the floating body (7) of the floating station (6), the pipeline (4) being arranged on a pivotal extension bracket system (8) having a traction lifting means (10).
  6. An apparatus according to Claim 4 and 5, characterized in that the diffuser (5) is flanged to a pivotal tube (11) of the extension bracket system (8, 9).
  7. An apparatus according to Claim 4, characterized in that the extremely fine material can be collected in a basin (14) which is connected to the diffuser (16) by means of a pipeline (15, 4) which is laid partly on land and partly floating.
  8. An apparatus according to Claim 7, characterized in that the diffuser (5, 16) is simultaneously connected by way of the pipelines (4) to the basin (14) and to a floating preparing plant (3).
  9. An apparatus according to Claim 8, characterized in that a second diffuser adjoins the floating preparing plant (3).
  10. An apparatus according to one of Claims 4 to 9, characterized in that the diffuser (5) is constructed to adjoin its conical part (20) in the manner of a plate, air inlet and air outlet guides (26, 27) being provided laterally above a wear plate (22).
EP90123525A 1990-01-20 1990-12-07 Method and device for dumping fine material on the sea bed or slopes during dredging Expired - Lifetime EP0438683B1 (en)

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DE4001630A DE4001630C1 (en) 1990-01-20 1990-01-20
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ATE123097T1 (en) 1995-06-15
US5150986A (en) 1992-09-29
DE4001630C1 (en) 1991-10-17
DE59009140D1 (en) 1995-06-29
EP0438683A1 (en) 1991-07-31

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