EP0436997A1 - Bildwiedergabeanordnung vom dünnen Typ - Google Patents

Bildwiedergabeanordnung vom dünnen Typ Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0436997A1
EP0436997A1 EP90203471A EP90203471A EP0436997A1 EP 0436997 A1 EP0436997 A1 EP 0436997A1 EP 90203471 A EP90203471 A EP 90203471A EP 90203471 A EP90203471 A EP 90203471A EP 0436997 A1 EP0436997 A1 EP 0436997A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electron
walls
electrons
duct
screen
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP90203471A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0436997B1 (de
Inventor
Gerardus Gegorius Petrus Van Gorkom
Petrus Hubertus Franciscus Trompenaars
Gerardus Arnoldus Herman Maria Vrijssen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Koninklijke Philips NV
Original Assignee
Philips Gloeilampenfabrieken NV
Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from NL9000060A external-priority patent/NL9000060A/nl
Priority claimed from NL9001266A external-priority patent/NL9001266A/nl
Priority claimed from NL9002566A external-priority patent/NL9002566A/nl
Application filed by Philips Gloeilampenfabrieken NV, Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV filed Critical Philips Gloeilampenfabrieken NV
Publication of EP0436997A1 publication Critical patent/EP0436997A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0436997B1 publication Critical patent/EP0436997B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J31/00—Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes
    • H01J31/08—Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes having a screen on or from which an image or pattern is formed, picked up, converted, or stored
    • H01J31/10—Image or pattern display tubes, i.e. having electrical input and optical output; Flying-spot tubes for scanning purposes
    • H01J31/12—Image or pattern display tubes, i.e. having electrical input and optical output; Flying-spot tubes for scanning purposes with luminescent screen
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J31/00—Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes
    • H01J31/08—Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes having a screen on or from which an image or pattern is formed, picked up, converted, or stored
    • H01J31/10—Image or pattern display tubes, i.e. having electrical input and optical output; Flying-spot tubes for scanning purposes
    • H01J31/12—Image or pattern display tubes, i.e. having electrical input and optical output; Flying-spot tubes for scanning purposes with luminescent screen
    • H01J31/123—Flat display tubes
    • H01J31/124—Flat display tubes using electron beam scanning

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a picture display device having a vacuum envelope for displaying pictures composed of pixels on a luminescent screen, and particularly relates to a thin picture display device (i.e. a picture display device having a small "front-to-back dimension") which is clearly distinguished from state-of-the-art display devices.
  • Typical state-of-the-art approximations to thin-type picture display devices are devices having a transparent face plate and a rear plate which are interconnected by means of partitions and in which the inner side of the face plate is provided with a phosphor pattern, one side of which is provided with an electrically conducting coating (the combination also being referred to as luminescent screen). If (video information-controlled) electrons impinge upon the luminescent screen, a visual image is formed which is visible via the front side of the face plate.
  • the face plate may be flat or, if desired, curved (for example, spherical or cylindrical).
  • a specific category of picture display devices of the thin type uses single or multiple electron beams which initially extend substantially parallel to the plane of the display screen and are subsequently bent towards the display screen so as to address the desired areas of the luminescent screen either directly or by means of, for example, a selection grid structure.
  • the expression electron beam is understood to mean that the paths of the electrons in the beam are substantially parallel, or extend only at a small angle to one another and that there is a main direction in which the electrons move.
  • the above-mentioned devices operating with controlled electron beams require, inter alia, complicated electron-optical constructions.
  • picture display devices of the single beam type generally require a complicated (channel plate) electron multiplier of the matrix type, certainly if they have slightly larger screen formats.
  • a picture display device having a vacuum envelope for displaying pictures composed of pixels on a luminescent screen therefore comprises a plurality of juxtaposed sources for producing electrons, local electron ducts cooperating with the sources and having walls of substantially electrically insulating material having a secondary emission coefficient suitable for transporting, through vacuum, produced electrons in the form of electron currents, and means for withdrawing each electron current at predetermined (particularly successive) locations from its duct and directing it towards the luminescent screen for producing a picture composed of pixels, the electron ducts being provided with electrode means for generating, in operation, an axially electric field E y and a transversal field E x .
  • the inventive approach of providing a thin-type picture display device is based on the discovery that electron transport is found to be possible when electrons are made to impinge on a wall portion of an elongate evacuated cavity (so-called compartment) defined by walls of electrically substantially insulating material (for example, glass or plastics) if an electric field of sufficient power is applied in the longitudinal direction of the compartment (e.g. by applying an electric potential difference across a longitudinal portion of the compartment).
  • the impinging electrons generate secondary electrons by wall interaction which are attracted to a further wall portion and in their turn generate secondary electrons by wall interaction.
  • the circumstances field strength, electrical resistance of the walls, secondary emission coefficient ⁇ of the walls
  • a picture can then be formed on the luminescent screen.
  • the electrons in the ducts do not have too high velocities. If a plurality of electrons were to have too high velocities during transport through the electron ducts, this could lead to loss of contrast of the picture on the screen. Too high velocities may occur due to elastic collisions with the walls (back-scattering) or because electrons starting at a low velocity do not come into contact with the walls or do not come into contact with these walls until after they have covered a substantial distance (more than several millimetres) and gain more and more energy on their way.
  • the electron ducts are provided according to the invention with electrode means for producing, in operation, both an axial electric field (E y ) and a transversal electric field (E x ). It is thereby achieved that each electron current is confined to a longitudinal area proximate to a duct wall. As it were, the electrons "hop" across said wall during transport, which has the envisaged effect.
  • a first embodiment of the device according to the invention is characterized in that the electron ducts are constituted by elongate cavities defined by walls of substantially electrically insulating material having a secondary emission coefficient ⁇ , the side of each cavity facing the luminescent screen being provided with a plurality of extraction apertures such that all extraction apertures jointly constitute an arrangement of rows and columns.
  • ⁇ and E have values which enable electron transport through the cavities.
  • a selection means is provided by providing the apertures row-sequentially with electrodes which can be energised by means of a first (positive) electric voltage (pulse) so as to withdraw electron currents from the cavities via the apertures of a row, or they can be energised by means of a second (lower) electric voltage if no electrons should be locally withdrawn from the cavities.
  • the electrons drawn from the cavities by this selection means can be directed towards the screen by applying an acceleration voltage.
  • the electrode means may also be implemented to provide a (substantially linearly) increasing potential across the (rear) wall remote from the screen and a similarly (linearly) increasing, but lower potential across the (front) wall facing the screen.
  • the fields E y and E x are created in this way.
  • the rear wall potential may be defined very well by means of a high-ohmic resistance layer provided on the rear wall.
  • This resistance layer may have a meandering or zigzag pattern so as to increase the resistance.
  • An alternative is to select a such material for the rear wall that it is possible to make use of the rear wall charge which is produced during and by transport of electrons.
  • the front wall potential can be adjusted, for example, by providing a plurality of parallel, for example strip-shaped, electrodes in the electron ducts at the screen side, which electrodes can be given an approximately linearly increasing potential during operation. These electrodes may also be used to advantage for selecting a (picture) line by providing, for example, apertures in these electrodes and connecting them to a circuit for providing a (positive) selection voltage.
  • Electrodes may further have a multiple construction for the purpose of a satisfactory definition and contrast and/or they may be provided with electrode means which extend towards the screen and are coaxial with the apertures.
  • All electron currents generated by the electron sources should be guided in the electron ducts across at least a part of the height up to the level of the upper edge or of the lower edge of the luminescent screen.
  • one row of electron sources or a plurality of parallel rows of electron sources may be provided.
  • Each electron source may be placed within the electron duct with which it cooperates, but each is preferably located at the outer side opposite an entrance portion of the electron duct with which it cooperates.
  • Electrons entering a duct with a larger energy may cause contrast problems because they may move with so much energy towards the selection electrodes and the screen after back-scattering on a wall that they may overcome the counter field (E x ) and thus reach the screen at undesired locations.
  • a preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention is characterized in that velocity restricting means are arranged between each electron source and the entrance portion of the electron duct with which it cooperates, in a manner to ensure that the emitted electrons cannot travel through the electron duct without any wall collisions.
  • the electrons It will be impossible for the electrons to enter the ducts at high velocities by arranging, for example the electron emitters at an angle with respect to the walls of the electron ducts. Immediately when they enter the ducts, the electrons will collide with a wall at least once. In this way an "electron chicane" is created.
  • the velocity restricting means include a wall portion which is arranged in such a manner that the emitted electrons collide with it and that the secondary electrons produced during the collisions collide with a wall of the electron duct.
  • An electrical alternative is to have the electron emitters cooperate with drive electrodes which are arranged and energisable in such a manner that the electrons are emitted towards a wall of the entrance portion of the electron duct.
  • a magnetical alternative is to have the electron emitters cooperate with magnetic field producing means which generate a magnetic field with which the emitted electrons are deflected towards a wall of the entrance portion of the electron duct.
  • a (line) arrangement of a plurality of electron emitters parallel to (an edge of) the luminescent screen can be used for generating electron currents to be transported through the vacuum in the electron ducts.
  • Thermal cathodes and cold cathodes such as field emitters are suitable for this purpose.
  • Electrons which are line-sequentially withdrawn from the electron ducts can be accelerated (as beams) towards the luminescent screen by applying a sufficiently large voltage difference between the electron ducts and the screen, for example a difference of 3 kV.
  • a sufficiently large voltage difference between the electron ducts and the screen for example a difference of 3 kV.
  • the video information can be presented, for example in the form of pulse width modulation.
  • the distance to the screen may be very small so that the spot remains small.
  • Extracted individual electron beams accelerated towards the screen can be localised by providing an electron beam localisation structure in the form of, for example, a structure of horizontal and/or vertical walls between the electron ducts and the luminescent screen.
  • an important aspect of the invention is that, if the electron ducts have side walls, these side walls are also used as an internal vacuum support, so that the front and rear walls of the inventive picture display device can be relatively thin as compared with those of known picture display devices of the thin type (total thickness, for example ⁇ 10 mm).
  • the vacuum envelope comprises a transparent face plate whose inner side supports the luminescent screen and a rear plate arranged at a short distance from the face plate, which plates are interconnected by means of partitions, and in that the space between the face plate and the rear plate accommodates an internal vacuum support, part of which is formed by side walls of the electron ducts.
  • Another part of the vacuum support may be formed by a system of electron beam localisation walls, which system extends between the face plate and the walls of the electron ducts at an angle with respect to the latter.
  • a further embodiment is characterized in that the vacuum support comprises a selection plate of electrically insulating material provided with the extraction apertures, in which the walls of the electron ducts maintain the selection plate and the rear plate spaced apart.
  • the selection plate may be a thick plate filling the space between the electron duct walls and the face plate.
  • the selection plate may be thin and an arrangement of electron beam localisation walls maintaining the face plate and the selection plate spaced apart may be located between the selection plate and the face plate.
  • the electron beam localisation walls may extend, for example transversely and/or parallel to the electron duct walls.
  • Figs. 1 and 1A represent a thin-type picture display device 1 according to the invention having a display panel (window) 3 and a rear wall 4 located opposite said panel.
  • Each of these emitters is to provide a relatively small current, so that many types of cathodes (both cold and thermionic cathodes) are suitable as emitters.
  • the emission is preferably controlled by means of the video signal.
  • An alternative is to apply the video-information to a gating structure to be positioned after the electron source arrangement (which in that case may be a line-cathode).
  • the electron source arrangement 5 is arranged opposite to entrance apertures of a row of ducts extending substantially parallel to the screen, which ducts are constituted by compartments 6, 6', 6'', ... etc., in this case one compartment for each electron source. These compartments have cavities 11, 11', 11'', ... defined by walls.
  • At least one wall (preferably the rear wall) of each compartment is made of a material which has a suitably high electrical resistance for the purpose of the invention (for example, ceramic material, glass, synthetic material - coated or uncoated) and which have a secondary emission coefficient ⁇ > 1 over a given range of primary electron energies (see Fig. 3).
  • the electrical resistance of the wall material has such a value that a minimum possible total amount of current will flow in the walls in the case of a field strength (E y ) in the compartments of the order of one hundred to several hundred Volts per cm, required for the electron transport. Currents as small as 1 micro-ampe're have been realised in a practical embodiment.
  • the invention is based on the recognition that vacuum electron transport within compartments defined by walls of electrically substantially insulating material is possible if an electric field (E y ) of sufficient power is applied in the longitudinal direction of the compartment.
  • the electric field can be adjusted to the electrons injected into the compartment an energy distribution and spatial distribution of that the effective secondary emission coefficient ⁇ eff of the walls of the compartment will be equal to 1 on average in operation. Under these circumstances one electron will leave for each electron which enters (on average), in other words, the electron current is constant throughout the compartment and is approximately equal to the current which enters.
  • Another advantage is that in the state ⁇ eff ⁇ 1 the electron current in the compartment is constant and can be made to be very satisfactorily equal via measuring and feedback or via current control for each compartment so that a uniform picture can be realised on the luminescent screen.
  • the compartment walls facing the luminescent screen 7, which is arranged on the inner wall of the panel 3, are constituted by a selection plate 10 in the embodiment of Fig. 1 (see Fig. 1A).
  • the selection plate 10 has extraction apertures 8, 8', 8'', ... etc. provided that specific provisions have been made, a "gating" structure can be used to "draw” a flow of electrons from a desired aperture when using cathodes which are not separately driven.
  • individually driven cathodes are preferably used in combination with a pattern of parallel, apertured strip-shaped selection electrodes (9, 9'', 9''', ...) to be energised by a selection voltage.
  • These selection electrodes may be arranged on the surface of the plate 10 facing the rear wall 4, or on both surfaces.
  • opposite (apertured) selection electrodes are preferably interconnected electrically via the apertures 8, 8'', 8'''.
  • "Horizontal" walls 12 keep the plate 10 spaced apart from face place 3 and ensure a lateral localisation of extracted electron beams. If selection electrodes are arranged on the surface of the plate 10 facing the screen 7, it is advantageous if they completely cover those areas on this surface which are located between the walls 12 (see, for example, Fig. 1A).
  • the selection electrodes 9, 9'', 9''',... may be implemented picture linewise, for example in the way shown in Fig. 1B ("horizontal" electrodes with apertures coaxial with the apertures 8, 8', 8'', ).
  • the apertures in the electrodes will generally be at least as large as the apertures 8, 8', 8'', ... If they are larger, aligning will be easier. Desired locations on the screen 7 can be addressed by means of (matrix) drive of the individual cathodes and the selection electrodes 9, 9', 9'', ... Voltages which increase substantially linearly (as viewed from the cathode side) are applied to the selection electrodes 9, 9', 9'', ...
  • a picture line must be activated, i.e. when electrons must be withdrawn via apertures in an aperture row from the columnwise arranged electron currents flowing behind them, a pulsatory voltage ⁇ U is added to the local voltage.
  • U ⁇ may be comparatively low (of the order of, for example, 100 V to 200 V).
  • V a is taken across the total compartment height, which is just too small to draw electrons from apertures. This does happen by applying a positive line selection pulse of the correct value.
  • Fig. 2A is a "vertical" cross-section of an alternative construction.
  • the phenomenon of "hopping” may arise when electrons are made to impinge on an insulator (the rear wall 4) in the presence of a longitudinal field E y .
  • a transversal field E x is generated by charging the insulator. If an arbitrary insulator material is used, the field potentials are undefined and the "hopping" cannot be properly controlled.
  • a low-ohmic layer could be provided on the insulator so as to define the potentials in a better way. However, this requires much power when driving the display.
  • a more practical solution is to apply a high-ohmic resistance layer on the rear wall.
  • rows of electrodes 46, 46', ... are preferably arranged on the wall located opposite the rear wall 4. These electrodes are given a linearly increasing potential which is, however, lower than the opposite potential on the rear wall 4. This rear wall potential is adjusted by applying a voltage across the high-ohmic resistance layer provided thereon. In this way not only an axial field E y , is created but also a transversal field E x . As long as no selection voltage is applied to one of the electrodes 46, 46', ... the field E x provides for a component, directed towards the rear wall 4, of the electrical force on the electrons which prevent too many electrons from acquiring high velocities. This contributes to the contrast.
  • a "dummy" electrode may be provided for generating the field E x upon energisation, with which field the emitted electrons are urged towards the rear wall 4.
  • the electrodes 46, 46', ... are provided with relatively large apertures to which electrical conductors in the form of cylinders 47, 47', ... or strips can be connected so as to prevent charge problems in the spaces where extracted electrons are drawn towards the screen 7.
  • a wafer-shaped spacer structure whose horizontal walls 12 are visible in Fig. 2A may be arranged between the cavities 11 separated by walls 49 and the screen 7.
  • the apertures of this wafer structure may accommodate the strip-shaped electrodes 46, 46', ... provided with cylinders 47, 47', ... in a simple manner.
  • An alternative to such a spacer structure is a thick plate having apertures which are coaxial with the apertures in the strip-shaped electrodes 46, 46'...
  • lateral localisation of the electron currents proximate to the rear wall 4 can be achieved mechanically by using (vertical) partitions ("side walls") between the compartment cavities, which partitions also serve as an internal vacuum support, but lateral localisation may alternatively be achieved electrically, for example, by means of vertical electrically conducting tracks in or on the rear wall, to which suitable electrical potentials can be applied.
  • Fig. 2B shows a part of the rear wall 4 provided in this case with a high-ohmic resistance layer 48, while a plurality of strip-shaped selection electrons 46, 46'', ... is arranged opposite this part.
  • a voltage difference of, for example, 200 V across the shown part of the rear wall 4, varying from 500 V at the upper side to 300 V at the lower side.
  • the high-ohmic resistance layer 48 ensures that the voltage variation is well defined.
  • Such a layer on the rear wall may also be advantageous in the construction shown in Fig. 1.
  • the same voltage difference of 200 V is present across the group of selection electrodes 46, 46', ...
  • a selection electrode conveying a lower voltage (a 100 V lower voltage in this case), etc. is arranged opposite a location on the rear wall conveying a voltage of 500 V.
  • the selection electrode which conveys 300 V such a voltage pulse that the voltage sufficiently exceeds the voltage on the opposite part of the rear wall, the electrons "hopping" across the rear wall of the cavity 11 can be drawn out at the location of the aperture of the selection electrode in question.
  • voltage-applying means for successively applying a selection voltage pulse to successive selection electrodes are thus used for scanning lines which are parallel to the rows of apertures.
  • Means for individually modulating the emission of emitters cooperating with the cavities 11 may be provided for selecting pixels on a scanned picture line.
  • a glass plate is coated with a homogeneous powder layer comprising glass enamel particles and RuO x particles or similar particles.
  • This powder layer may be given a meandering configuration, for example by means of scratching, silk-screening of photolithography; subsequently the glass plate with the powder layer is heated until the resistance layer has reached the desired resistance value. Resistances per square of the order of MOhms can be realised in this way. In a practical display of the relevant type a resistance of 107 to 1010 Ohms can be realised in this way across the height of the rear wall.
  • a thin, possibly transparent layer of a semiconductor material such as, for example, In2O3, SnO x , indium tin oxide (ITO) or antimony tin oxide (ATO) can be applied, with which the desired resistance values can also be obtained.
  • a resistance layer may also be used as a voltage divider to which the selection electrodes are connected.
  • the materials to be used for the walls of the electron ducts must have a high electrical resistance and a secondary emission coefficient ⁇ > 1, see Fig. 3, at least over a certain range E I -E II of primary electron energies E p .
  • E I is preferably as low as possible, for example, one or several times 10 eV.
  • specific types of glass E I is approximately 30 eV
  • ceramic material pertinax and kapton meet this requirement. Materials which do not meet this requirement may be provided, for example with a suitable coating (of, for example, MgO).
  • the electrical resistance depends on whether not only electron transport but also amplification (over a part or over the total length) of the electron ducts is desired and how much total current is allowed flow in the walls in connection with the power to be dissipated.
  • the mode using electron transport only is preferred.
  • the electrical resistance between the top and bottom of the compartment may then be in the range between 106 and 1015 ⁇ .
  • at least the cathode-sided portion of the electron ducts may have a relatively low resistance, for example, in the range between 10 k ⁇ and 100 M ⁇ so as to ensure amplification.
  • the required powers are not higher than 100 W.
  • the duct walls may consist of an electrically insulating material which has a constructive function as well as a secondary emission function.
  • they may consist of an electrically insulating material having a constructive function (for example, a synthetic material), on which material a layer having a secondary emission function is provided (for example, quartz or glass or ceramic material such as MgO).
  • the electric voltage across the electron ducts required for electron transport increases with the length of the ducts.
  • this voltage can be reduced by arranging the (line) arrangement of electron sources in the centre instead of on the "bottom" of the display device (as in Fig: 1).
  • a voltage difference of, for example 3 kV can then be applied between the centre of the ducts and their tops so as to draw “up” the electron current and subsequently the same voltage difference can be applied between the centre and the bottom so as to draw the electron current "down”, instead of applying a voltage difference of 6 kV across the height when the electron sources are arranged on the "bottom” of the display device.
  • the use of a plurality of parallel rows of electron sources is even more advantageous in this respect.
  • Electrons which are drawn from an aperture in an electron duct by a selection electrode are directed (in the form of a "beam") towards the luminescent screen 7 where one picture line at a time can thus be written.
  • the video information may be applied, for example, in the form of pulse width modulation.
  • a cathode cooperating with an electron duct can be energised for a shorter or longer time.
  • the cathode may be energised, for example during the entire line period in this case.
  • An alternative is for the cathode to be constantly energised during the entire line period and to control the emission level.
  • suitable potentials force electrons to hop across a particular duct wall.
  • the number of electrons which can reach large velocities is limited because the electrons are subjected to an electrostatic force in the direction of the wall.
  • the electrons acquire increasing velocities which at the instant of collision with a wall approximately correspond to an energy of 30 eV which is equal to the energy where the secondary emission coefficient is 1. Electrons which enter electron duct 11 with a larger energy, namely an energy equal to the G2 potential (which is larger than 30 eV) cause a contrast problem after back-scattering.
  • entrance portion 16 of electron duct 11 may be provided with an oblique wall 15 of electrically insulating or electrically conducting material, which wall faces the cathode 5 and the drive electrodes G1 and G2. This makes it impossible for the emitted electrons to enter the duct at high velocities. The electrons will impinge upon the oblique wall 15 directly after G2.
  • the wall 15 is arranged in such a way that the entrance portion 16 is constricted towards the entrance aperture 14 of the electron duct 11. A velocity restricting "electron chicane" is created in this way.
  • Such a chicane can also be created in different manners, for example by implementing the configuration of drive electrodes G1 and G2 in a duct without an oblique wall portion 15 in such a way or by energising them in such a way that electrons emitted by the cathode 5 in the entrance portion 16 always impinge upon a wall.
  • Another possibility is to have the perpendicular axis of the configuration of cathode 5 and drive electrodes G1 and G2 extend at an angle to the axis of the entrance portion 16.
  • Entrance portion is herein understood to mean the portion of an electron duct which is not provided with extraction apertures.
  • An electron beam withdrawn via an aperture 8 (Fig.
  • Fig. 1 may be localised, for example, by means of "horizontal" walls 12 (Fig. 1), by means of “vertical” walls 18 (Fig. 5) or by means of a wafer-shaped wall structure (Fig. 2A). These walls may also provide the internal vacuum support. In the case of total internal vacuum support the front and rear walls may be thin ( ⁇ 1 mm) so that the picture display device itself may be light in weight. Moreover, the outer dimension transverse to the screen (the depth) of the picture display device may be very small for example, 1 cm. This provides the possibility of a large number of applications, which is illustrated in the following survey:
  • a large-area flat screen display device 57 can be composed of a plurality of adjoining display devices 58 according to the invention (modules which jointly form an array having the dimensions of the desired display) .
  • the pixel pitch and the line distances may be given such values that the pixel pattern is continued in a substantially uninterrupted way from one module to the other.
  • Fig. 7 shows an example of a part of a possible structure.
  • the Figure shows two profiled plates 50 (rear wall) and 51 (front wall) whose profiled sides are arranged transversely onto each other.
  • the plates 50 and 51 may be made of a ceramic material or of glass, and the desired profiled shape is also provided during the manufacture.
  • the plate material may be provided with a binder and injection-mould it. Subsequently, the binder can be heated and sintered.
  • the plates can be manufactured through a sol-gel process in which, for example, SiO2 gels can be made to gel in a mould. The sintering process then follows after removal and drying.
  • the electron ducts are formed in the spaces 52 between the raised walls of plate 50.
  • this plate 51 has raised walls with selection tracks 54, 55, 56, ... of electrically conducting material, which can be pairwise driven.
  • a high-ohmic resistance layer 60 coated, if necessary, with a layer of a material having a secondary emission which is sufficient for the object of the invention, for example, MgO, may be provided on the inner surface of plate 50.
  • a metal oxide-containing glass-enamel layer as a high-ohmic resistance layer is that the secondary emission of such a layer itself is generally sufficiently high for the object of the invention.

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  • Cathode-Ray Tubes And Fluorescent Screens For Display (AREA)
EP90203471A 1990-01-10 1990-12-21 Bildwiedergabeanordnung vom dünnen Typ Expired - Lifetime EP0436997B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL9000060A NL9000060A (nl) 1989-06-01 1990-01-10 Beeldweergeefinrichting van het dunne type.
NL9000060 1990-01-10
NL9001266 1990-06-05
NL9001266A NL9001266A (nl) 1990-01-10 1990-06-05 Beeldweergeefinrichting van het dunne type.
NL9002566A NL9002566A (nl) 1990-11-26 1990-11-26 Beeldweergeefinrichting van het dunne type.
NL9002566 1990-11-26

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0436997A1 true EP0436997A1 (de) 1991-07-17
EP0436997B1 EP0436997B1 (de) 1996-03-27

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EP90203471A Expired - Lifetime EP0436997B1 (de) 1990-01-10 1990-12-21 Bildwiedergabeanordnung vom dünnen Typ

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0436997B1 (de)
JP (1) JP3068653B2 (de)
KR (1) KR910014989A (de)
CN (1) CN1082242C (de)
DE (1) DE69026233T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2086365T3 (de)

Cited By (32)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0550103A1 (de) * 1992-01-03 1993-07-07 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Flaches Bildschirmanzeigegerät mit Elektronentransportkanälen und einer doppelten Auswahlstruktur
WO1994028572A1 (en) * 1993-06-02 1994-12-08 Philips Electronics N.V. Display device of the flat-panel type comprising an electron transport duct and a segmented filament
WO1994029893A1 (en) * 1993-06-08 1994-12-22 Philips Electronics N.V. Flat-panel type picture display device
BE1007259A3 (nl) * 1993-07-01 1995-05-02 Philips Electronics Nv Weergeefinrichting voorzien van een weergeefeenheid van een flat panel type.
WO1995027997A1 (en) * 1994-04-08 1995-10-19 Philips Electronics N.V. Display device
US5489815A (en) * 1990-05-24 1996-02-06 U.S. Philips Corporation Flat-panel type picture display device with electron transport ducts and a double selection structure
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US5525873A (en) * 1990-05-24 1996-06-11 U.S. Philips Corporation Picture display device comprising a flat-panel type display unit
US5532548A (en) * 1992-04-10 1996-07-02 Silicon Video Corporation Field forming electrodes on high voltage spacers
US5541473A (en) * 1992-04-10 1996-07-30 Silicon Video Corporation Grid addressed field emission cathode
US5543683A (en) * 1994-11-21 1996-08-06 Silicon Video Corporation Faceplate for field emission display including wall gripper structures
US5557296A (en) * 1989-06-01 1996-09-17 U.S. Philips Corporation Flat-panel type picture display device with insulating electron-propagation ducts
US5576596A (en) * 1992-04-10 1996-11-19 Silicon Video Corporation Optical devices such as flat-panel cathode ray tube, having raised black matrix
US5578899A (en) * 1994-11-21 1996-11-26 Silicon Video Corporation Field emission device with internal structure for aligning phosphor pixels with corresponding field emitters
US5614781A (en) * 1992-04-10 1997-03-25 Candescent Technologies Corporation Structure and operation of high voltage supports
US5621271A (en) * 1990-05-24 1997-04-15 U.S. Philips Corporation Display device of the flat-panel type comprising an electron transport duct and a segmented filament
US5625253A (en) * 1990-05-24 1997-04-29 U.S. Philips Corporation Flat-panel type picture display device
US5650690A (en) * 1994-11-21 1997-07-22 Candescent Technologies, Inc. Backplate of field emission device with self aligned focus structure and spacer wall locators
US5675212A (en) * 1992-04-10 1997-10-07 Candescent Technologies Corporation Spacer structures for use in flat panel displays and methods for forming same
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US5729083A (en) * 1994-10-31 1998-03-17 U.S. Philips Corporation Picture display device provided with an internal vacuum support
US5742117A (en) * 1992-04-10 1998-04-21 Candescent Technologies Corporation Metallized high voltage spacers
US5764205A (en) * 1993-05-28 1998-06-09 U.S. Philips Corporation Picture display and selection driver and integrated driver circuit for use in such a picture display device
US5821923A (en) * 1995-02-23 1998-10-13 U.S. Philips Corporation Picture display device
US5838288A (en) * 1994-09-07 1998-11-17 U.S. Philips Corporation Color display device having color selection time divisions
US5844356A (en) * 1995-11-08 1998-12-01 U.S. Philips Corporation Vacuum tube provided with a line-shaped getter
US5859502A (en) * 1996-07-17 1999-01-12 Candescent Technologies Corporation Spacer locator design for three-dimensional focusing structures in a flat panel display
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US6278066B1 (en) 1996-12-20 2001-08-21 Candescent Technologies Corporation Self-standing spacer wall structures
US6414428B1 (en) 1998-07-07 2002-07-02 Candescent Technologies Corporation Flat-panel display with intensity control to reduce light-centroid shifting

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US6489718B1 (en) 1982-04-10 2002-12-03 Candescent Technologies Corporation Spacer suitable for use in flat panel display
US5557296A (en) * 1989-06-01 1996-09-17 U.S. Philips Corporation Flat-panel type picture display device with insulating electron-propagation ducts
US5701134A (en) * 1990-05-24 1997-12-23 U.S. Philips Corporation Picture display device with uniformity correction of electron supply
US5621271A (en) * 1990-05-24 1997-04-15 U.S. Philips Corporation Display device of the flat-panel type comprising an electron transport duct and a segmented filament
US5986627A (en) * 1990-05-24 1999-11-16 U.S. Philips Corporation Flat-panel type picture display device with electron propagation ducts
US5903094A (en) * 1990-05-24 1999-05-11 U.S. Philips Corporation Flat-panel type picture display device with electron propagation ducts
US5489815A (en) * 1990-05-24 1996-02-06 U.S. Philips Corporation Flat-panel type picture display device with electron transport ducts and a double selection structure
US5525873A (en) * 1990-05-24 1996-06-11 U.S. Philips Corporation Picture display device comprising a flat-panel type display unit
US5625253A (en) * 1990-05-24 1997-04-29 U.S. Philips Corporation Flat-panel type picture display device
EP0550103A1 (de) * 1992-01-03 1993-07-07 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Flaches Bildschirmanzeigegerät mit Elektronentransportkanälen und einer doppelten Auswahlstruktur
US5589731A (en) * 1992-04-10 1996-12-31 Silicon Video Corporation Internal support structure for flat panel device
US5865930A (en) * 1992-04-10 1999-02-02 Candescent Technologies Corporation Formations of spacers suitable for use in flat panel displays
US5576596A (en) * 1992-04-10 1996-11-19 Silicon Video Corporation Optical devices such as flat-panel cathode ray tube, having raised black matrix
US6157123A (en) * 1992-04-10 2000-12-05 Candescent Technologies Corporation Flat panel display typically having transition metal oxide in ceramic core or/and resistive skin of spacer
US5985067A (en) * 1992-04-10 1999-11-16 Candescent Technologies Corporation Formation of spacers suitable for use in flat panel displays
US5798604A (en) * 1992-04-10 1998-08-25 Candescent Technologies Corporation Flat panel display with gate layer in contact with thicker patterned further conductive layer
US5614781A (en) * 1992-04-10 1997-03-25 Candescent Technologies Corporation Structure and operation of high voltage supports
US5725787A (en) * 1992-04-10 1998-03-10 Candescent Technologies Corporation Fabrication of light-emitting device with raised black matrix for use in optical devices such as flat-panel cathode-ray tubes
US5541473A (en) * 1992-04-10 1996-07-30 Silicon Video Corporation Grid addressed field emission cathode
US5742117A (en) * 1992-04-10 1998-04-21 Candescent Technologies Corporation Metallized high voltage spacers
US5667418A (en) * 1992-04-10 1997-09-16 Candescent Technologies Corporation Method of fabricating flat panel device having internal support structure
US5675212A (en) * 1992-04-10 1997-10-07 Candescent Technologies Corporation Spacer structures for use in flat panel displays and methods for forming same
US5532548A (en) * 1992-04-10 1996-07-02 Silicon Video Corporation Field forming electrodes on high voltage spacers
US5746635A (en) * 1992-04-10 1998-05-05 Candescent Technologies Corporation Methods for fabricating a flat panel display having high voltage supports
US5764205A (en) * 1993-05-28 1998-06-09 U.S. Philips Corporation Picture display and selection driver and integrated driver circuit for use in such a picture display device
US5598054A (en) * 1993-06-02 1997-01-28 U.S. Philips Corporation Display device of the flat-panel type comprising an electron transport duct and a segmented filament
WO1994028572A1 (en) * 1993-06-02 1994-12-08 Philips Electronics N.V. Display device of the flat-panel type comprising an electron transport duct and a segmented filament
US5982086A (en) * 1993-06-08 1999-11-09 U.S. Philips Corporation Flat-panel type picture display device
US5959397A (en) * 1993-06-08 1999-09-28 U.S. Philips Corporation Flat-panel type picture display device
WO1994029893A1 (en) * 1993-06-08 1994-12-22 Philips Electronics N.V. Flat-panel type picture display device
BE1007259A3 (nl) * 1993-07-01 1995-05-02 Philips Electronics Nv Weergeefinrichting voorzien van een weergeefeenheid van een flat panel type.
US5781166A (en) * 1994-04-08 1998-07-14 U.S. Philips Corporation Flat panel display having electron transport ducts with equal propagation paths from entrance to exit
WO1995027997A1 (en) * 1994-04-08 1995-10-19 Philips Electronics N.V. Display device
US5838288A (en) * 1994-09-07 1998-11-17 U.S. Philips Corporation Color display device having color selection time divisions
US5726526A (en) * 1994-09-21 1998-03-10 U.S. Philips Corporation Display device having a support structure for a wire cathode
WO1996009640A1 (en) * 1994-09-21 1996-03-28 Philips Electronics N.V. Display device having an envelope comprising a wire cathode
US5729083A (en) * 1994-10-31 1998-03-17 U.S. Philips Corporation Picture display device provided with an internal vacuum support
US5578899A (en) * 1994-11-21 1996-11-26 Silicon Video Corporation Field emission device with internal structure for aligning phosphor pixels with corresponding field emitters
US5543683A (en) * 1994-11-21 1996-08-06 Silicon Video Corporation Faceplate for field emission display including wall gripper structures
US5650690A (en) * 1994-11-21 1997-07-22 Candescent Technologies, Inc. Backplate of field emission device with self aligned focus structure and spacer wall locators
US5821923A (en) * 1995-02-23 1998-10-13 U.S. Philips Corporation Picture display device
US5844356A (en) * 1995-11-08 1998-12-01 U.S. Philips Corporation Vacuum tube provided with a line-shaped getter
US6049165A (en) * 1996-07-17 2000-04-11 Candescent Technologies Corporation Structure and fabrication of flat panel display with specially arranged spacer
US5859502A (en) * 1996-07-17 1999-01-12 Candescent Technologies Corporation Spacer locator design for three-dimensional focusing structures in a flat panel display
US6278066B1 (en) 1996-12-20 2001-08-21 Candescent Technologies Corporation Self-standing spacer wall structures
US6571464B2 (en) 1996-12-20 2003-06-03 Candescent Technologies Corporation Self-standing spacer wall structures and methods of fabricating and installing same
US6414428B1 (en) 1998-07-07 2002-07-02 Candescent Technologies Corporation Flat-panel display with intensity control to reduce light-centroid shifting

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR910014989A (ko) 1991-08-31
EP0436997B1 (de) 1996-03-27
CN1082242C (zh) 2002-04-03
DE69026233T2 (de) 1996-10-10
JP3068653B2 (ja) 2000-07-24
CN1053320A (zh) 1991-07-24
ES2086365T3 (es) 1996-07-01
DE69026233D1 (de) 1996-05-02
JPH04212245A (ja) 1992-08-03

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