EP0436893B1 - Method and apparatus for uniformly coating a moving web with a fluid - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for uniformly coating a moving web with a fluid Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0436893B1
EP0436893B1 EP90124816A EP90124816A EP0436893B1 EP 0436893 B1 EP0436893 B1 EP 0436893B1 EP 90124816 A EP90124816 A EP 90124816A EP 90124816 A EP90124816 A EP 90124816A EP 0436893 B1 EP0436893 B1 EP 0436893B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
distributor
flow channels
individual flow
equipment
individual
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP90124816A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0436893A1 (en
Inventor
Raimund Dr. Dipl.-Ing. Haas
Hans Heist
Peter Dr. Dipl.-Chem. Lehmann
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Hoechst AG
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Hoechst AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C5/00—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work
    • B05C5/02—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work the liquid or other fluent material being discharged through an outlet orifice by pressure, e.g. from an outlet device in contact or almost in contact, with the work
    • B05C5/0254—Coating heads with slot-shaped outlet
    • B05C5/0266—Coating heads with slot-shaped outlet adjustable in length, e.g. for coating webs of different width
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C5/00—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work
    • B05C5/02—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work the liquid or other fluent material being discharged through an outlet orifice by pressure, e.g. from an outlet device in contact or almost in contact, with the work
    • B05C5/027—Coating heads with several outlets, e.g. aligned transversally to the moving direction of a web to be coated
    • B05C5/0275—Coating heads with several outlets, e.g. aligned transversally to the moving direction of a web to be coated flow controlled, e.g. by a valve
    • B05C5/0279—Coating heads with several outlets, e.g. aligned transversally to the moving direction of a web to be coated flow controlled, e.g. by a valve independently, e.g. individually, flow controlled

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for applying a fluid to a moving material web, in which the volume flow of the fluid to be applied is guided transversely to the running direction of the material web and is divided into a plurality of individual volume flows flowing next to one another on the material web, each of which flows when it hits the material web Wet the predetermined web width, the distance between the individual volume flows being selected such that fluid bridges form between the predetermined web widths, which converge to form a uniformly thick fluid film that covers the entire material width of the material web, and a device for this process with a distributor for the fluid.
  • the fluid can be a liquid or a gas.
  • the method enables uniform wetting or rinsing of rapidly moving material webs by means of liquids of all kinds, such as water, acids, alkalis or even solutions, the contents of which are brought into interaction with the material web surface.
  • the material web is generally a carrier tape, for example an aluminum tape.
  • the aluminum carrier material for the production of offset printing plates after degreasing which is carried out with pickling solution, must be rinsed very uniformly with water to avoid pickling stains.
  • the carrier material is rinsed with surface-active solutions in further process steps, surface-active ingredients being applied to the surface of the material web by the wetting.
  • the pretreated Support material coated with light-sensitive substances which are applied to the support surface in the form of a solvent-containing wet film and then the solvents are evaporated, so that the light-sensitive substances remain alone. Uniform wetting is also important in the development of exposed offset printing plates, which are brought into contact with developer solution in developing devices.
  • Rinsing or wetting processes can be carried out in a variety of ways, e.g. through spray bars arranged transversely to the material web, which are equipped with specially designed spray nozzles to distribute the rinsing liquid
  • the number and shape of the spray nozzles per unit width depends on the size of the spray volume flow to be applied, the spray liquid being atomized for fine distribution by the nozzle pressure or fanned out across the width of the material web by means of a special design of the nozzles. This should promote a continuous wetting of the material web over the width and at the same time a rinsing effect.
  • the disadvantage here is that atomization produces aerosols, which are particularly undesirable when rinsing acid or lye-treated webs.
  • a further disadvantage of spray bars is that the desired uniform distribution over the width of the material web can only be achieved in a narrowly limited volume flow range of the rinsing liquid supplied. With variable Material web speeds are therefore often not guaranteed to ensure uniform rinsing.
  • the superimposition of the spray cones of the adjacent nozzles leads to undesirable fluctuations in the thickness of the applied liquid film, which can cause non-uniform chemical reactions.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a method and a device for uniformly applying a fluid, in particular a liquid, to a moving material web, which in each case ensure spray-free coating, wetting or rinsing of the material web surface while avoiding aerosol formation.
  • turbulent flow conditions are set in the individual volume flows, which, when striking the moving material web, cause a flushing in addition to the uniform coverage with the fluid.
  • the volume flow of the fluid is guided into a distributor arranged transversely to the running direction of the material web, and then a fine distribution of the individual volume flows is arranged through a plurality along the distributor axis Single flow channels enforced.
  • the total volume flow over the web width is divided into a large number of individual volume flows, each of which supplies a certain web width with liquid.
  • the multi-jet nozzle consists of a tubular distributor and a wide slot nozzle, which is connected to the distributor via a plane-parallel channel, and the individual flow channels in the form of capillary tubes protrude into the channel of the wide slot nozzle through a perforated outflow bar, which the Bottom of the slot die closes.
  • the multi-jet nozzle consists of a hollow cuboid-shaped distributor and a square-shaped outflow body made of solid material, in which perforations parallel to one another are present as individual flow channels, and connects the outflow body to a side wall of the distributor, which has wall bores with which the individual flow channels swear.
  • the multi-jet nozzle can also consist of a tubular distributor alone, in the lateral surface of which a single row of holes in the form of parallel bores are arranged along a surface line as a row of holes.
  • the multi-jet nozzle consists of a hollow tubular distributor with movable pistons as end faces, the pistons carrying sealing rings in circumferential annular grooves, which bear against the inner wall of the distributor, and the pistons are also laterally adjustable in the distributor by means of spindles .
  • a further embodiment of the device is characterized in that a multi-jet nozzle consists of a two-part distributor, that the two halves of the distributor are held together by a screw connection and that one half has a smooth edge surface, while the other half has an edge surface equipped with groove grooves , the groove grooves forming individual flow channels for the individual volume flows.
  • the simplest version of a single flow channel is a capillary tube with a circular cross-section.
  • any other cross-section can be selected, with the tubes advantageously forming a comb-like configuration with their outflow openings when a laminar channel flow is set, and the tubes from the distribution tube by a certain amount of length stick out. This ensures that the individual volume flows in the form of free-falling liquid jets do not partially contract, even at larger distances from the multi-jet nozzle to the material web, and flow instability cause.
  • a simply drilled row of holes in the jacket material of the distributor or an additional perforated outflow bar can be used as an arrangement for single flow channels, whereby the perforations in the walls of the distributor or in the outflow bar must have a sufficient length.
  • the advantage of the invention is that the liquid can be applied very evenly and aerosol-free, especially with large safety distances between the application device and the moving material web.
  • the individual volume flows or the liquid exit jets can be applied to the moving material web in a completely splash-free manner, the liquid jets converging on the moving material web by a suitable choice of the channel division across the width and forming a closed liquid film. This process corresponds to a uniform wetting or a homogeneous coating of the moving material web surface.
  • a further advantage of the invention is given by the fact that by choosing a defined distribution of the length of the individual flow channels over the width of the material web, a variable exit speed and thus can also achieve variable, but predetermined film thicknesses or a certain rinsing effect.
  • a multi-jet nozzle 1 is shown schematically in a perspective view, the tubular distributor 2 of which is supplied with liquid that flows in in the direction of arrow A via an inlet connection 3.
  • the horizontal inlet connection 3 is aligned, for example, with the distributor axis 9 and is attached to one of the end faces 10 of the distributor 2.
  • the inlet connector can also be aligned perpendicular to the distributor axis 9 and in the center of the run at right angles to a surface line of the circumferential surface of the distributor or be arranged elsewhere along the surface line.
  • the friction pressure loss of the volume flow or the fluid flow along the distributor is significantly lower than the friction pressure loss of the individual flow volumes along the individual flow channels.
  • the friction pressure loss along the individual flow channels is greater than the maximum hydrostatic pressure difference between the chamber of the distributor and the individual outflow openings or outflow cross sections of the individual flow channels, there is a uniform flow in the individual volume flows and self-filling of the distribution chamber.
  • FIG. 2 shows a perspective view, partially broken away, of the multi-jet nozzle 1 according to FIG. 1.
  • the tubular distributor 2 has an inner diameter D and a width B.
  • the individual flow channels 4 i or capillary tubes protruding into the interior of the tubular distributor 2 have a length 1 and protrude from the peripheral surface 11 of the distributor by an amount z.
  • Figure 3 shows in axial section II of Figure 2 the basic arrangement of the capillary tubes.
  • the two outer capillary tubes 4 1 and 4 n protrude by an amount x between 6 and 12 mm further into the interior of the distributor than the other capillary tubes, so that an automatic ventilation of the multi-jet nozzle 1 is achieved at these points, since the upper openings of the two outer capillary tubes protrude from the liquid level a in the distributor 2.
  • Section II-II shows in detail the arrangement of the capillary tubes in the peripheral surface 11 of the distributor 2, for example by an interference fit.
  • the distance y of the outflow openings of the two external single flow channels 4 1 and 4 n from the material web in the form of a carrier tape 5 is, for example, 9 to 17 mm, while the distance y of the outlet openings of the other equally long individual flow channels from the carrier tape 5 is only 3 to 5 mm.
  • the division t of the individual flow channels 4 i is in the range from 1.5 to 7 mm.
  • FIG. 4 shows a perspective view of a partially broken-open second embodiment of the multi-jet nozzle 1, with a slot die 23 and single flow channels 4 i embedded therein in the form of capillary tubes, the index i meaning any capillary tube between 1 and the total number n.
  • the capillary tubes are sealed on the underside of the slot die 23 by a perforated outflow bar 14 against a plane-parallel channel 15 of the slot die 23.
  • the slot die 23 has a cuboid shape and extends on the underside over the width B of the tubular distributor 2.
  • FIG. 5 shows a section III-III transversely to the axis of the multi-jet nozzle in FIG. 4.
  • the capillary tubes protrude from the underside of the outflow bar 14 and extend in the slot 15 of the slot die 23 to close to the connection opening of the distributor 2.
  • one slot half of the slot nozzle can also be equipped with flow channels on one side in such a way that grooves or grooves are milled with a certain pitch t and a channel system of single flow channels is created when the two slot halves are joined without an additional gap.
  • This embodiment is shown in the drawing in FIG. 10.
  • the individual flow channels 4 i protrude like a comb from the outflow bar 14. If the distance between the outflow openings of the individual flow channels 4 i and the carrier tape (not shown) is kept small, for example in the order of magnitude of 1 to 5 mm, the emerging individual volume flows should preferably be set in a laminar manner. Instead of the capillary tubes, perforations can also be made in the outflow bar 14, in which case the outflow bar 14 must have a corresponding wall thickness. In such an embodiment, turbulent flow conditions preferably occur in the individual volume flows, which are used at larger distances between the outflow opening of the individual flow channels and the carrier tape.
  • FIG. 6 shows a perspective view of a third embodiment of the multi-jet nozzle 1 with a hollow, cuboid-shaped distributor 16, the side wall 24 of which contains wall bores 18 along a surface line 26.
  • a square-shaped discharge body attached to the side wall 24 17 made of solid material is perforated and has perforations or individual flow channels 19 which are aligned with the wall bores 18.
  • the wall bores 18 together with the individual flow channels 19 of the outflow body form the flow channels for wide, constant metering of the liquid.
  • the arrangement of the outflow tubes can also be aligned parallel to the direction of travel of the carrier material, so that the outflow jets strike the material web in the form of a parabola.
  • Figure 7 shows the section along the line IV-IV in the third embodiment and clearly shows that the distributor is cuboid and hollow, while the discharge body consists of solid material, in which the single flow channels 19 are arranged, which are with the wall holes 18 in the side wall 24 of the distributor 16 are aligned.
  • FIG. 1 A fourth embodiment of the multi-jet nozzle 1 in section is shown in FIG.
  • This embodiment consists of a tubular distributor 2, in the lateral surface 20 of which there are individual flow channels 21 along a surface line, which are configured, for example, as a row of holes made of mutually parallel bores.
  • This embodiment is preferably used for homogeneous coatings with very small distances between the multi-jet nozzle 1 and the moving material web 5.
  • the outflowing liquid jets immediately form contiguous in the wetting gap Liquid bridges and a closed film curtain, as indicated in Figure 8.
  • the closed film curtain leads to a uniform, coherent film covering on the carrier tape 5.
  • FIG. 9 shows in longitudinal section a fifth embodiment of a multi-jet nozzle 1 with a continuously adjustable coating or rinsing width B.
  • the liquid flows in the middle of a tubular distributor 22 via an inlet connector 38 into the distributor chamber and through individual flow channels 4 i in the form of capillary tubes, on the carrier tape 5 to be acted upon.
  • the distributor 22 is designed, for example, as a circularly symmetrical tube with honed and tempered inner wall 29 and is closed on both sides by displaceable pistons 25, 25, which carry sealing rings 27 in circumferential grooves 28.
  • the annular grooves 28 are located opposite the inner wall 29 against which the sealing rings 27, for example O-rings, bear.
  • the pistons 25 are laterally displaceable via spindles 30. By positioning the pistons 25, any coating width B can be set on the carrier tape 5.
  • the capillary tubes are flush with the inner wall 29 of the distributor 22 and protrude on the outside of the distributor wall.
  • FIG. 10 shows a view of a sixth embodiment of a multi-jet nozzle 31, which consists of a two-part distributor 37 exists.
  • the two halves 33, 34 of the distributor of the multi-jet nozzle 31 are held together without a gap by a screw connection 32.
  • the liquid flows through an inlet nozzle 36 in the direction of arrow A into the interior of the multi-jet nozzle 31.
  • one half 33 has a smooth edge surface
  • the other half 34 has a groove surface which is provided with groove grooves and which has a multiplicity of individual flow channels 35 for the exit of the liquid from the multi-jet nozzle 31 onto the carrier tape 5 form.
  • the inlet connector 36 is attached at right angles to the distributor axis and laterally on the grooved half 34.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Aufbringen eines Fluids auf eine bewegte Materialbahn, bei dem der zu applizierende Volumenstrom des Fluids quer zur Laufrichtung der Materialbahn geführt und in eine Vielzahl von nebeneinander auf die Materialbahn fließenden Einzelvolumenströmen aufgeteilt wird, die beim Auftreffen auf die Materialbahn jeweils eine vorgegebene Bahnbreite benetzen, wobei der Abstand zwischen den Einzelvolumenströmen so gewählt wird, daß sich zwischen den vorgegebenen Bahnbreiten Fluidbrücken ausbilden, die zu einem gleichmäßig dicken Fluidfilm zusammenlaufen, der die Materialbahn in ihrer gesamten Beschichtungsbreite überdeckt, und eine Vorrichtung für dieses Verfahren mit einem Verteiler für das Fluid.The invention relates to a method for applying a fluid to a moving material web, in which the volume flow of the fluid to be applied is guided transversely to the running direction of the material web and is divided into a plurality of individual volume flows flowing next to one another on the material web, each of which flows when it hits the material web Wet the predetermined web width, the distance between the individual volume flows being selected such that fluid bridges form between the predetermined web widths, which converge to form a uniformly thick fluid film that covers the entire material width of the material web, and a device for this process with a distributor for the fluid.

Bei dem Fluid kann es sich um eine Flüssigkeit oder um ein Gas handeln. Insbesondere ermöglicht das Verfahren neben homogenen Beschichtungen das gleichmäßige Benetzen oder Spülen schnell bewegter Materialbahnen mittels Flüssigkeiten aller Art, wie beispielsweise Wasser, Säuren, Laugen oder auch Lösungen, deren Inhaltsstoffe mit der Materialbahnoberfläche in Wechselwirkung gebracht werden. Bei der Materialbahn handelt es sich im allgemeinen um ein Trägerband, beispielsweise um ein Aluminiumband.The fluid can be a liquid or a gas. In particular, in addition to homogeneous coatings, the method enables uniform wetting or rinsing of rapidly moving material webs by means of liquids of all kinds, such as water, acids, alkalis or even solutions, the contents of which are brought into interaction with the material web surface. The material web is generally a carrier tape, for example an aluminum tape.

Das eingangs beschriebene Verfahren ist aus der US-A-3,431,889 bekannt und dient dazu, auf Furnierblätter eine viskose Beschichtung aufzubringen. Hierzu ist eine Vielzahl von Kapillarröhrchen mit einem horizontalen Rohr verbunden, über das das viskose Beschichtungsmaterial unter Druck durch die Kapillarröhrchen gefördert wird. Der Innendurchmesser des einzelnen Kapillarröhrchens beträgt 0,3 mm, seine Außendurchmesser etwa 0,6 mm. Ein Benetzen oder ein Reinigen der Oberfläche eines Metallbandes mit einer Flüssigkeit, was eine andere Problematik als eine viskose Beschichtung mit sich bringt, ist aus diesem Dokument nicht bekannt.The method described at the outset is known from US Pat. No. 3,431,889 and is used to apply a viscous coating to veneer sheets. This is a plurality of capillary tubes connected to a horizontal tube, through which the viscous coating material is conveyed through the capillary tubes under pressure. The inside diameter of the individual capillary tube is 0.3 mm, its outside diameter is about 0.6 mm. This document does not disclose wetting or cleaning the surface of a metal strip with a liquid, which presents problems other than a viscous coating.

Nachfolgend wird vor allem die Anwendung des Verfahrens bei der Herstellung und Weiterverarbeitung von Offsetdruckplatten beschrieben. So muß beispielsweise das Aluminiumträgermaterial zur Herstellung von Offsetdruckplatten nach der Entfettung, die mit Beizlauge erfolgt, zur Vermeidung von Beizflecken sehr gleichmäßig mit Wasser gespült werden. Weiterhin wird das Trägermaterial in weiteren Verfahrensschritten mit oberflächenaktiven Lösungen gespült, wobei durch die Benetzung oberflächenaktive Inhaltsstoffe auf die Materialbahnoberfläche aufgebracht werden. Desweiteren wird das vorbehandelte Trägermaterial mit lichtempfindlichen Substanzen beschichtet, die in Form eines lösungsmittelhaltigen Naßfilms auf die Trägeroberfläche aufgebracht und anschließend die Lösungsmittel verdampft werden, so daß die lichtempfindlichen Substanzen allein zurückbleiben. Eine gleichmäßige Benetzung ist auch wichtig bei der Entwicklung belichteter Offsetdruckplatten, die in Entwicklungsgeräten mit Entwicklerlösung in Kontakt gebracht werden.The application of the method in the manufacture and further processing of offset printing plates is described below. For example, the aluminum carrier material for the production of offset printing plates after degreasing, which is carried out with pickling solution, must be rinsed very uniformly with water to avoid pickling stains. Furthermore, the carrier material is rinsed with surface-active solutions in further process steps, surface-active ingredients being applied to the surface of the material web by the wetting. Furthermore, the pretreated Support material coated with light-sensitive substances, which are applied to the support surface in the form of a solvent-containing wet film and then the solvents are evaporated, so that the light-sensitive substances remain alone. Uniform wetting is also important in the development of exposed offset printing plates, which are brought into contact with developer solution in developing devices.

Spül- bzw. Benetzungsvorgänge können auf vielfache Weise durchgeführt werden, z.B. durch quer zur Materialbahn angeordnete Sprühstäbe, die zur Verteilung der Spülflüssigkeit mit speziell ausgebildeten Sprühdüsen ausgerüstet sind. Die Anzahl und Form der Sprühdüsen pro Breiteneinheit richtet sich hierbei nach der Größe des zu applizierenden Sprühvolumenstromes, wobei die Sprühflüssigkeit zur Feinverteilung durch den Düsendruck zerstäubt bzw. durch spezielle Ausbildung der Düsen über die Breite der Materialbahn aufgefächert wird. Dadurch sollen eine über die Breite kontinuierliche Benetzung der Materialbahn und gleichzeitig eine Spülwirkung erzielt werben.Rinsing or wetting processes can be carried out in a variety of ways, e.g. through spray bars arranged transversely to the material web, which are equipped with specially designed spray nozzles to distribute the rinsing liquid The number and shape of the spray nozzles per unit width depends on the size of the spray volume flow to be applied, the spray liquid being atomized for fine distribution by the nozzle pressure or fanned out across the width of the material web by means of a special design of the nozzles. This should promote a continuous wetting of the material web over the width and at the same time a rinsing effect.

Nachteilig hierbei ist, daß bei der Zerstäubung Aerosole entstehen, die besonders beim Spülen von säure- oder laugenbehandelten Bahnen unerwünscht sind. Desweiteren ist bei Sprühstäben nachteilig, daß die erwünschte gleichmäßige Verteilung über die Materialbahnbreite nur in einem engbegrenzten Volumenstrombereich der zugeführten Spülflüssigkeit erzielt werden kann. Bei variablen Materialbahngeschwindigkeiten ist daher oftmals eine gleichmäßige Spülung nicht gewährleistet. Zudem führt die Überlagerung der Sprühkegel der nebeneinanderliegenden Düsen zu unerwünschten Dickenschwankungen des aufgebrachten Flüssigkeitsfilms, die ungleichförmige chemische Raktionen hervorrufen können.The disadvantage here is that atomization produces aerosols, which are particularly undesirable when rinsing acid or lye-treated webs. A further disadvantage of spray bars is that the desired uniform distribution over the width of the material web can only be achieved in a narrowly limited volume flow range of the rinsing liquid supplied. With variable Material web speeds are therefore often not guaranteed to ensure uniform rinsing. In addition, the superimposition of the spray cones of the adjacent nozzles leads to undesirable fluctuations in the thickness of the applied liquid film, which can cause non-uniform chemical reactions.

In der Beschichtungstechnologie werden Verfahren angewandt, bei denen Breitschlitzdüsen oder Filmgießer einen Flüssigkeitsfilm über eine kurze Flüssigkeitsbrücke oder einen freifallenden Vorhang erzeugen, der die bewegte Materialbahn berührungsfrei beschichtet bzw. benetzt. Bei Flüssigkeiten mit geringen Filmdicken oder mit hohen Oberflächenspannungen besteht jedoch oft die Schwierigkeit, daß der Filmvorhang zu Strömungsinstabilitäten neigt und durch Einschnürung und Tropfenbildung über die Breite aufreißt. Die Folge hiervon sind unbenetzte Stellen auf der bewegten Materialbahn.In coating technology, processes are used in which slot dies or film casters create a liquid film over a short liquid bridge or a free-falling curtain, which coats or wets the moving material web without contact. With liquids with small film thicknesses or with high surface tensions, however, there is often the difficulty that the film curtain tends to flow instabilities and tears across the width due to constriction and drop formation. The consequence of this are unwetted spots on the moving material web.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zum gleichmäßigen Auftragen eines Fluids, insbesondere einer Flüssigkeit, auf eine bewegte Materialbahn zu schaffen, die jeweils ein spritzfreies Beschichten, Benetzen oder Spülen der Materialbahnoberfläche unter Vermeidung einer Aerosolbildung gewährleisten.The object of the invention is to provide a method and a device for uniformly applying a fluid, in particular a liquid, to a moving material web, which in each case ensure spray-free coating, wetting or rinsing of the material web surface while avoiding aerosol formation.

Diese Aufgabe wird verfahrensgemäß in der Weise gelöst, daß der Reibungsdruckverlust längs der Einzelvolumenströme größer als die sich maximal einstellende hydrostatische Druckdifferenz zwischen dem Volumenstrom quer zur Laufrichtung der Materialbahn und dem Ausflußquerschnitt der Einzelvolumenströme ist.This problem is solved according to the method in such a way that the frictional pressure loss along the individual volume flows is greater than the maximum hydrostatic pressure difference between the volume flow transverse to the direction of travel of the material web and the outflow cross section of the individual volume flows.

In Ausgestaltung des Verfahrens werden in den Einzelvolumenströmen turbulente Strömungsverhältnisse eingestellt, die beim Auftreffen auf die bewegte Materialbahn eine Spülung zusätzlich zur gleichmäßigen Überdeckung mit dem Fluid herbeiführen.In an embodiment of the method, turbulent flow conditions are set in the individual volume flows, which, when striking the moving material web, cause a flushing in addition to the uniform coverage with the fluid.

Bei dem Verfahren nach der Erfindung wird der Volumenstrom des Fluids in einen quer zur Laufrichtung der Materialbahn angeordneten Verteiler geführt, und anschließend wird eine Feinverteilung der Einzelvolumenströme durch eine Vielzahl längs zur Verteilerachse angeordneten Einzelströmungskanäle erzwungen. Dabei wird der Gesamtvolumenstrom über die Materialbahnbreite in eine Vielzahl von Einzelvolumenströmen aufgeteilt, die jeweils eine bestimmte Bahnbreite mit Flüssigkeit versorgen.In the method according to the invention, the volume flow of the fluid is guided into a distributor arranged transversely to the running direction of the material web, and then a fine distribution of the individual volume flows is arranged through a plurality along the distributor axis Single flow channels enforced. The total volume flow over the web width is divided into a large number of individual volume flows, each of which supplies a certain web width with liquid.

Eine Vorrichtung zum Aufbringen eines Fluids auf eine bewegte Materialbahn, mit einer Multistrahldüse bestehend aus einem Verteiler und einer Vielzahl von Einzelströmungskanälen i, mit i gleich einer ganzen Zahl von 1 bis n, wobei die Einzelströmungskanäle entlang einer Mantellinie oder eines Schlitzes parallel zur Verteilerachse und im rechten Winkel zur Verteilerachse, im gleichen Abstand t zueinander, angeordnet sind, zeichnet sich dadurch aus, daß jeder der Einzelströmungskanale aus einer mit einer Wand der Verteilers bündig abschließenden Bohrung oder einem aus dem Verteiler herausragenden Kapillarröhrchen der Länge l, mit einem Innendurchmesser Di = 0,3 bis 3,0 mm, einem Außendurchmesser Da = 1,0 bis 5,0 mm, besteht, daß der Abstand t der Einzelströmungskanäle voneinander 5 bis 7 mm beträgt, und daß die Kapillarröhrchen in Bohrungen der Verteilerwand entlang der Mantellinie im Preßsitz eingepaßt, eingelötet oder eingeklebt sind.A device for applying a fluid to a moving material web, with a multi-jet nozzle consisting of a distributor and a plurality of individual flow channels i, with i equal to an integer from 1 to n, the single flow channels along a surface line or a slot parallel to the distributor axis and in Right angles to the distributor axis, at the same distance t from one another, are distinguished by the fact that each of the individual flow channels consists of a bore of length l, which is flush with a wall of the distributor, or a capillary tube of length l, protruding from the distributor, with an inner diameter Di = 0 , 3 to 3.0 mm, an outer diameter Da = 1.0 to 5.0 mm, is that the distance t of the individual flow channels from each other is 5 to 7 mm, and that the capillary tubes in bores the distributor wall are fitted, soldered or glued into the press fit along the surface line.

Bei einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Vorrichtung besteht die Multistrahldüse aus einem rohrförmigen Verteiler und einer Breitschlitzdüse, die über einen planparallelen Kanal mit dem Verteiler verbunden ist, und ragen die Einzelströmungskanäle in Gestalt von Kapillarröhrchen in den Kanal der Breitschlitzdüse durch eine perforierte Ausflußleiste hindurch hinein, die die Unterseite der Breitschlitzdüse abschließt.In a further embodiment of the device, the multi-jet nozzle consists of a tubular distributor and a wide slot nozzle, which is connected to the distributor via a plane-parallel channel, and the individual flow channels in the form of capillary tubes protrude into the channel of the wide slot nozzle through a perforated outflow bar, which the Bottom of the slot die closes.

Bei einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Vorrichtung besteht die Multistrahldüse aus einem hohlen quaderförmigen Verteiler und einem vierkantförmigen Ausflußkörper aus Vollmaterial, in dem zueinander parallele Perforationen als Einzelströmungskanäle vorhanden sind, und schließt der Ausflußkörper an eine Seitenwand des Verteilers an, die Wandbohrungen aufweist, mit denen die Einzelströmungskanäle fluchten.In a further embodiment of the device, the multi-jet nozzle consists of a hollow cuboid-shaped distributor and a square-shaped outflow body made of solid material, in which perforations parallel to one another are present as individual flow channels, and connects the outflow body to a side wall of the distributor, which has wall bores with which the individual flow channels swear.

Die Multistrahldüse kann auch aus einem rohrförmigen Verteiler allein bestehen, in dessen Mantelfläche entlang einer Mantellinie als Lochreihe Einzelströmungskanäle in Gestalt von zueinander paralellen Bohrungen angeordnet sind.The multi-jet nozzle can also consist of a tubular distributor alone, in the lateral surface of which a single row of holes in the form of parallel bores are arranged along a surface line as a row of holes.

Bei einer weiteren Ausführungsform besteht die Multistrahldüse aus einem hohlen rohrförmigen Verteiler mit beweglichen Kolben als Stirnflächen, wobei die Kolben in umlaufenden ringförmigen Nuten Dichtringe tragen, die gegen die Innenwandung des Verteilers dichtend anliegen, und darüber hinaus die Kolben mittels Spindeln seitlich in dem Verteiler verstellbar sind.In a further embodiment, the multi-jet nozzle consists of a hollow tubular distributor with movable pistons as end faces, the pistons carrying sealing rings in circumferential annular grooves, which bear against the inner wall of the distributor, and the pistons are also laterally adjustable in the distributor by means of spindles .

Eine weitere Ausführungsform der Vorrichtung zeichnet sich dadurch aus,daß eine Multistrahldüse aus einem zweiteiligen Verteiler besteht, daß die beiden Hälften des Verteilers durch eine Schraubverbindung zusammengehalten sind und daß die eine Hälfte eine glatte Berandungsfläche aufweist, während die andere Hälfte eine mit Rillennuten ausgestattete Berandungsfläche besitzt, wobei die Rillennuten Einzelströmungskanäle für die Einzelvolumenströme bilden.A further embodiment of the device is characterized in that a multi-jet nozzle consists of a two-part distributor, that the two halves of the distributor are held together by a screw connection and that one half has a smooth edge surface, while the other half has an edge surface equipped with groove grooves , the groove grooves forming individual flow channels for the individual volume flows.

Bei Einstellung turbulenter Strömungsverhältnisse in den Einzelströmungskanälen wird beim Auftreffen der einzelnen Flüssigkeitsstrahlen auf die bewegte Materialbahnoberfläche dort zusätzlich eine Spülwirkung erzielt.If turbulent flow conditions are set in the individual flow channels, a rinsing effect is additionally achieved there when the individual liquid jets strike the moving material web surface.

Bei Einstellung eines sehr geringen Abstandes zwischen Materialbahn und Ausflußöffnung der Einzelströmungskanäle und laminaren Strömungsverhältnissen in den Einzelströmungskanälen läßt sich sofort ein geschlossener laminarer Filmvorhang erzielen, da durch die Wirkung der Oberflächenspannung der Flüssigkeit die flüssigkeitsstrahlen unmittelbar nach dem Austritt aus benachbarten Einzelströmungskanälen Brücken zwischen den Kanälen bilden.If a very small distance between the material web and the outflow opening of the individual flow channels and the laminar flow conditions in the single flow channels is set, a closed laminar film curtain can be achieved immediately, since the action of the surface tension of the liquid forms bridges between the channels immediately after exiting from adjacent single flow channels.

Die einfachste Ausführung eines Einzelströmungskanals stellt ein Kapillarrohr mit kreisförmigem Querschnitt dar. Es kann jedoch auch jeder andere Querschnitt gewählt werden, wobei vorteilhafterweise bei Einstellung einer laminaren Kanalströmung die Röhrchen mit ihren Ausflußöffnungen eine kammartige Konfiguration bilden, und die Röhrchen um einen bestimmten Längenbetrag aus dem Verteilerrohr herausragen. Dadurch ist gewährleistet, daß sich die Einzelvolumenströme in Form von freifallenden Flüssigkeitsstrahlen auch bei größeren Abständen der Multistrahldüse zur Materialbahn nicht partiell zusammenziehen und eine Strömungsinstabilität verursachen. Zum Erzielen einer turbulenten Ausflußströmung lassen sich hingegen eine einfach gebohrte Lochreihe im Mantelmaterial des Verteilers oder eine zusätzlich aufgesetzte, perforierte Ausflußleiste als Anordnung für Einzelströmungskanäle verwenden, wobei die Perforationen in den Wandungen des Verteilers bzw. in der Ausflußleiste eine ausreichende Länge haben müssen.The simplest version of a single flow channel is a capillary tube with a circular cross-section. However, any other cross-section can be selected, with the tubes advantageously forming a comb-like configuration with their outflow openings when a laminar channel flow is set, and the tubes from the distribution tube by a certain amount of length stick out. This ensures that the individual volume flows in the form of free-falling liquid jets do not partially contract, even at larger distances from the multi-jet nozzle to the material web, and flow instability cause. To achieve a turbulent outflow, on the other hand, a simply drilled row of holes in the jacket material of the distributor or an additional perforated outflow bar can be used as an arrangement for single flow channels, whereby the perforations in the walls of the distributor or in the outflow bar must have a sufficient length.

Mit der Erfindung wird der Vorteil erzielt, daß sich, besonders bei großen Sicherheitsabständen zwischen der Auftragungsvorrichtung und der bewegten Materialbahn, die Flüssigkeit sehr gleichmäßig und aerosolfrei antragen läßt. Bei Einstellung laminarer Strömungsverhältnisse in den Einzelströmungskanälen lassen sich die Einzelvolumenströme bzw. die Flüssigkeitsaustrittsstrahlen vollkommen spritzfrei auf die bewegte Materialbahn aufbringen, wobei durch geeignete Wahl der Kanalteilung über die Breite, die Flüssigkeitsstrahlen auf der bewegten Materialbahn zusammenlaufen und einen geschlossenen Flüssigkeitsfilm bilden. Dieser Vorgang entspricht einem gleichmäßigen Benetzen bzw. einer homogenen Beschichtung der bewegten Materialbahnoberfläche.The advantage of the invention is that the liquid can be applied very evenly and aerosol-free, especially with large safety distances between the application device and the moving material web. When setting laminar flow conditions in the individual flow channels, the individual volume flows or the liquid exit jets can be applied to the moving material web in a completely splash-free manner, the liquid jets converging on the moving material web by a suitable choice of the channel division across the width and forming a closed liquid film. This process corresponds to a uniform wetting or a homogeneous coating of the moving material web surface.

Ein weiterer Vorteil der Erfindung ist dadurch gegeben, daß sich durch Wahl einer definierten Verteilung der Länge der Einzelströmungskanäle über die Materialbahnbreite eine variable Austrittsgeschwindigkeit und damit auch variable, jedoch vorgegebene Filmdicken bzw. eine bestimmte Spülwirkung erzielen lassen.A further advantage of the invention is given by the fact that by choosing a defined distribution of the length of the individual flow channels over the width of the material web, a variable exit speed and thus can also achieve variable, but predetermined film thicknesses or a certain rinsing effect.

Die Erfindung wird im folgenden anhand von zeichnerisch dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Figur 1
perspektivisch eine erste Ausführungsform einer Multistrahldüse aus einem rohrförmigen Verteiler mit eingelassenen Kapillarröhrchen, nach der Erfindung,
Figur 2
eine perspektivische Ansicht, teilweise aufgebrochen, der ersten Ausführungsform der Multistrahldüse mit kreissymmetrischen, rohrförmigem Verteiler und darin eingelassenen Kapillarröhrchen,
Figur 3
Schnittansichten längs der Linen I-I und II-II der ersten Ausführungsform nach Figur 2,
Figur 4
eine perspektivische Ansicht einer zweiten, teilweise aufgebrochenen Ausführungsform einer Multistrahldüse mit einer Breitschlitzdüse und darin eingelassenen Kapillarröhrchen,
Figur 5
eine Schnittansicht längs der Linie III-III der zweiten Ausführungsform nach Figur 4,
Figur 6
eine perspektivische Ansicht einer dritten Ausführungsform der Multistrahldüse, mit quaderförmigem Verteiler und einem parallel zu der Verteilerachse, seitlich am Verteiler angeordneten, perforierten Ausflußkörper,
Figur 7
eine Schnittansicht längs der Linie IV-IV in Figur 6 der dritten Ausführungsform,
Figur 8
eine Ansicht im Längsschnitt einer vierten Ausführungsform einer Multistrahldüse, mit einer Lochreihe längs einer Mantellinie des Verteilers,
Figur 9
eine Ansicht im Längsschnitt, einer fünften Ausführungsform einer Multistrahldüse, mit einstellbarer Beschichtungsbreite der Multistrahldüse, und
Figur 10
eine Ansicht und einen Schnitt einer sechsten Ausführungsform einer zweigeteilten Multistrahldüse mit einseitig genuteter Schlitzhälfte.
The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to exemplary embodiments illustrated in the drawings. Show it:
Figure 1
in perspective a first embodiment of a multi-jet nozzle from a tubular distributor with embedded capillary tubes, according to the invention,
Figure 2
3 shows a perspective view, partially broken away, of the first embodiment of the multi-jet nozzle with circular-symmetrical, tubular distributor and capillary tubes embedded therein,
Figure 3
Sectional views along lines II and II-II of the first embodiment according to Figure 2,
Figure 4
2 shows a perspective view of a second, partially broken-open embodiment of a multi-jet nozzle with a slot die and capillary tubes embedded therein,
Figure 5
3 shows a sectional view along the line III-III of the second embodiment according to FIG. 4,
Figure 6
a perspective view of a third embodiment of the multi-jet nozzle, with cuboid Distributor and a perforated discharge body arranged parallel to the distributor axis and laterally on the distributor,
Figure 7
3 shows a sectional view along the line IV-IV in FIG. 6 of the third embodiment,
Figure 8
2 shows a view in longitudinal section of a fourth embodiment of a multi-jet nozzle, with a row of holes along a surface line of the distributor,
Figure 9
a view in longitudinal section, a fifth embodiment of a multi-jet nozzle, with adjustable coating width of the multi-jet nozzle, and
Figure 10
a view and a section of a sixth embodiment of a two-part multi-jet nozzle with one-sided groove slot.

In Figur 1 ist schematisch in perspektivischer Ansicht eine Multistrahldüse 1 dargestellt, deren rohrförmiger Verteiler 2 über einen Einlaufstutzen 3 mit Flüssigkeit, die in Richtung des Pfeils A einströmt, versorgt wird. Der horizontale Einlaufstutzen 3 fluchtet beispielsweise mit der Verteilerachse 9 und ist an einer der Stirnflächen 10 des Verteilers 2 angebracht. Selbstverständlich kann der Einlaufstutzen auch senkrecht auf die Verteilerachse 9 ausgerichtet sein und mittig im rechten Winkel zu einer Mantellinie der Verteilerumfangsfläche verlaufen oder an sonstiger Stelle längs der Mantellinie angeordnet sein.In FIG. 1, a multi-jet nozzle 1 is shown schematically in a perspective view, the tubular distributor 2 of which is supplied with liquid that flows in in the direction of arrow A via an inlet connection 3. The horizontal inlet connection 3 is aligned, for example, with the distributor axis 9 and is attached to one of the end faces 10 of the distributor 2. Of course, the inlet connector can also be aligned perpendicular to the distributor axis 9 and in the center of the run at right angles to a surface line of the circumferential surface of the distributor or be arranged elsewhere along the surface line.

In Einzelströmungskanälen 4i in Gestalt von Kapillarröhrchen, die in die Umfangsfläche des Verteilers 2 eingelassen und entlang einer Mantellinie des Verteilers 2 angeordnet sind, strömt die Flüssigkeit senkrecht nach unten auf ein im Abstand y von den Austrittsöffnungen bzw. den Austrittsquerschnitten der Einzelströmungskanäle durch Strömungsumlenkung, waagerecht in Richtung des Pfeils C vorbeibewegtes Trägerband 5. Von den Austrittsöffnungen der Einzelströmungskanäle 4i strömen die Einzelstromvolumina bzw. Flüssigkeitsstrahlen 6 auf die Oberfläche des Trägerbandes 5. Zwischen den Flüssigkeitsstrahlen 6 bilden sich unmittelbar nach dem Auftreffen auf die bewegte Materialbahn Flüssigkeitsbrücken 7 aus, die einen geschlossenen Flüssigkeitsfilm 8 auf dem Trägerband 5 formen.In individual flow channels 4 i in the form of capillary tubes, which are embedded in the circumferential surface of the distributor 2 and are arranged along a surface line of the distributor 2, the liquid flows vertically downward onto a at a distance y from the outlet openings or the outlet cross sections of the individual flow channels by flow deflection, Carrier belt 5 moved horizontally in the direction of arrow C. From the outlet openings of the individual flow channels 4 i , the individual flow volumes or liquid jets 6 flow onto the surface of the carrier belt 5. Between the liquid jets 6, liquid bridges 7 form immediately after impinging on the moving material web form a closed liquid film 8 on the carrier tape 5.

Der Reibungsdruckverlust des Volumenstroms bzw. der Fluidströmung längs des Verteilers ist wesentlich niedriger als der Reibungsdruckverlust der Einzelströmungsvolumina längs der Einzelströmungskanäle. Da zudem der Reibungsdruckverlust längs der Einzelströmungskanäle größer ist als die sich maximal einstellende hydrostatische Druckdifferenz zwischen der Kammer des Verteilers und den einzelnen Ausflußöffnungen bzw. Ausflußquerschnitten der Einzelströmungskanäle ergibt sich eine gleichmäßige Strömung in den Einzelvolumenströmen und ein Selbstbefüllen der Verteilerkammer.The friction pressure loss of the volume flow or the fluid flow along the distributor is significantly lower than the friction pressure loss of the individual flow volumes along the individual flow channels. In addition, since the friction pressure loss along the individual flow channels is greater than the maximum hydrostatic pressure difference between the chamber of the distributor and the individual outflow openings or outflow cross sections of the individual flow channels, there is a uniform flow in the individual volume flows and self-filling of the distribution chamber.

Figur 2 zeigt eine perspektivische Ansicht, teilweise aufgebrochen, der Multistrahldüse 1 nach Figur 1. Der rohrförmige Verteiler 2 hat einen Innendurchmesser D und eine Breite B. Die in das Innere des rohrförmigen Verteilers 2 hineinragenden Einzelströmungskanäle 4i bzw. Kapillarröhren weisen eine Länge 1 auf und stehen um einen Betrag z von der Umfangsfläche 11 des Verteilers vor. Die Umfangsfläche 11 des Verteilers 2 ist entlang einer gestrichelt eingezeichneten Mantellinie 13 mit einer Teilung t perforiert, und in die so entstandenen Bohrungen 12 des Verteilers, mit einer Wandstärke s, werden die Kapillarröhren mit einem Außendurchmesser Da = 1,0 bis 5,0 mm und einem Innendurchmesser Di = 0,2 bis 3,0 mm im Preßsitz eingepaßt, eingelötet oder eingeklebt.FIG. 2 shows a perspective view, partially broken away, of the multi-jet nozzle 1 according to FIG. 1. The tubular distributor 2 has an inner diameter D and a width B. The individual flow channels 4 i or capillary tubes protruding into the interior of the tubular distributor 2 have a length 1 and protrude from the peripheral surface 11 of the distributor by an amount z. The circumferential surface 11 of the distributor 2 is perforated along a dashed line 13 with a division t, and into the bores 12 of the distributor thus created, with a wall thickness s, the capillary tubes with an outer diameter Da = 1.0 to 5.0 mm and an inner diameter Di = 0.2 to 3.0 mm in the press fit, soldered or glued.

Figur 3 zeigt in axialem Schnitt I-I von Figur 2 die prinzipielle Anordnung der Kapillarröhren. Hierbei ragen die beiden außen liegenden Kapillarröhrchen 4₁ und 4n um einen Betrag x zwischen 6 und 12 mm weiter in das Innere des Verteilers hinein als die übrigen Kapillarröhren, so daß an diesen Stellen eine automatische Entlüftung der Multistrahldüse 1 erzielt wird, da die oberen Öffnungen der beiden außen liegenden Kapillarröhrchen aus dem sich einstellenden Flüssigkeitspegel a im Verteiler 2 herausragen.Figure 3 shows in axial section II of Figure 2 the basic arrangement of the capillary tubes. Here, the two outer capillary tubes 4 1 and 4 n protrude by an amount x between 6 and 12 mm further into the interior of the distributor than the other capillary tubes, so that an automatic ventilation of the multi-jet nozzle 1 is achieved at these points, since the upper openings of the two outer capillary tubes protrude from the liquid level a in the distributor 2.

Der Schnitt II-II zeigt im Detail die Anordnung der Kapillarröhrchen in der Umfangsfläche 11 des Verteilers 2, beispielsweise durch eine Preßpassung.Section II-II shows in detail the arrangement of the capillary tubes in the peripheral surface 11 of the distributor 2, for example by an interference fit.

Der Abstand y der Ausflußöffnungen der beiden außen liegenden Einzelströmungskanäle 4₁ und 4n von der Materialbahn in Gestalt eines Trägerbandes 5 beträgt beispielsweise 9 bis 17 mm, während der Abstand y der Ausflußöffnungen der übrigen gleichlangen Einzelströmungskanäle von dem Trägerband 5 nur 3 bis 5 mm beträgt.The distance y of the outflow openings of the two external single flow channels 4 1 and 4 n from the material web in the form of a carrier tape 5 is, for example, 9 to 17 mm, while the distance y of the outlet openings of the other equally long individual flow channels from the carrier tape 5 is only 3 to 5 mm.

Die Teilung t der Einzelströmungskanäle 4i liegt im Bereich von 1,5 bis 7 mm.The division t of the individual flow channels 4 i is in the range from 1.5 to 7 mm.

Figur 4 zeigt eine perspektivische Ansicht einer teilweise aufgebrochenen zweiten Ausführungsform der Multistrahldüse 1, mit einer Breitschlitzdüse 23 und darin eingelassenen Einzelströmungskanälen 4i in Gestalt von Kapillarröhrchen, wobei der Index i ein beliebiges Kapillarröhrchen zwischen 1 und der Gesamtanzahl n bedeutet. Die Kapillarröhrchen sind hierbei an der Unterseite der Breitschlitzdüse 23 durch eine perforierte Ausflußleiste 14 gegen einen planparallelen Kanal 15 der Breitschlitzdüse 23 abgedichtet.FIG. 4 shows a perspective view of a partially broken-open second embodiment of the multi-jet nozzle 1, with a slot die 23 and single flow channels 4 i embedded therein in the form of capillary tubes, the index i meaning any capillary tube between 1 and the total number n. The capillary tubes are sealed on the underside of the slot die 23 by a perforated outflow bar 14 against a plane-parallel channel 15 of the slot die 23.

Die Breitschlitzdüse 23 hat eine quaderförmige Gestalt und erstreckt sich an der Unterseite über die Breite B des rohrförmigen Verteilers 2.The slot die 23 has a cuboid shape and extends on the underside over the width B of the tubular distributor 2.

Figur 5 zeigt einen Schnitt III-III quer zur Achse der Multistrahldüse in Figur 4. Die Kapillarröhrchen stehen von der Unterseite der Ausflußleiste 14 vor und erstrecken sich im Schlitz 15 der Breitschlitzdüse 23 bis nahe an die Anschlußöffnung des Verteilers 2.FIG. 5 shows a section III-III transversely to the axis of the multi-jet nozzle in FIG. 4. The capillary tubes protrude from the underside of the outflow bar 14 and extend in the slot 15 of the slot die 23 to close to the connection opening of the distributor 2.

Anstelle der in die Breitschlitzdüse 23 eingelassenen Kapillarröhrchen kann auch eine Schlitzhälfte der Breitschlitzdüse einseitig mit Strömungskanälen ausgestattet werden, derart, daß mit einer bestimmten Teilung t Nuten oder Rillen eingefräst sind und beim Zusammenfügen der beiden Schlitzhälften ohne zusätzlichen Spalt ein Kanalsystem von Einzelströmungskanälen entsteht. Diese Ausführung ist zeichnerisch in Figur 10 dargestellt.Instead of the capillary tubes embedded in the slot nozzle 23, one slot half of the slot nozzle can also be equipped with flow channels on one side in such a way that grooves or grooves are milled with a certain pitch t and a channel system of single flow channels is created when the two slot halves are joined without an additional gap. This embodiment is shown in the drawing in FIG. 10.

Die Einzelströmungskanäle 4i stehen kammartig aus der Ausflußleiste 14 vor. Wird der Abstand der Ausflußöffnungen der Einzelströmungskanäle 4i zu dem nicht gezeigten Trägerband kleingehalten, beispielsweise in der Größenordnung von 1 bis 5 mm, so sind die austretenden Einzelvolumenströme bevorzugt laminar einzustellen. Anstelle der Kapillarröhrchen können auch Perforationen in der Ausflußleiste 14 angebracht werden, wobei dann die Ausflußleiste 14 eine entsprechende Wandstärke haben muß. Bei einer derartigen Ausführungsform treten bevorzugt turbulente Strömungsverhältnisse in den Einzelvolumenströmen auf, die bei größeren Abständen Zwischen der Ausflußöffnung der Einzelströmungskanäle und dem Trägerband Anwendung finden.The individual flow channels 4 i protrude like a comb from the outflow bar 14. If the distance between the outflow openings of the individual flow channels 4 i and the carrier tape (not shown) is kept small, for example in the order of magnitude of 1 to 5 mm, the emerging individual volume flows should preferably be set in a laminar manner. Instead of the capillary tubes, perforations can also be made in the outflow bar 14, in which case the outflow bar 14 must have a corresponding wall thickness. In such an embodiment, turbulent flow conditions preferably occur in the individual volume flows, which are used at larger distances between the outflow opening of the individual flow channels and the carrier tape.

Figur 6 zeigt eine perspektivische Ansicht einer dritten Ausführungsform der Multistrahldüse 1 mit hohlem, quaderförmigem Verteiler 16, dessen Seitenwand 24 Wandbohrungen 18 entlang einer Mantellinie 26 enthält. Ein an die Seitenwand 24 angesetzter vierkantförmiger Ausflußkörper 17 aus vollem Material ist perforiert und weist Perforationen bzw. Einzelströmungskanäle 19 auf, die mit den Wandbohrungen 18 fluchten. Die Wandbohrungen 18 zusammen mit den Einzelströmungskanälen 19 des Ausflußkörpers bilden die Strömungskanäle zur breiten konstanten Dosierung der Flüssigkeit. In diesem Fall kann die Anordnung der Ausflußröhrchen auch parallel zur Laufrichtung des Trägermaterials ausgerichtet sein, so daß die Ausflußstrahlen in Form einer Parabel auf die Materialbahn auftreffen.FIG. 6 shows a perspective view of a third embodiment of the multi-jet nozzle 1 with a hollow, cuboid-shaped distributor 16, the side wall 24 of which contains wall bores 18 along a surface line 26. A square-shaped discharge body attached to the side wall 24 17 made of solid material is perforated and has perforations or individual flow channels 19 which are aligned with the wall bores 18. The wall bores 18 together with the individual flow channels 19 of the outflow body form the flow channels for wide, constant metering of the liquid. In this case, the arrangement of the outflow tubes can also be aligned parallel to the direction of travel of the carrier material, so that the outflow jets strike the material web in the form of a parabola.

Figur 7 zeigt den Schnitt entlang der Linie IV-IV in der dritten Ausführungsform und läßt deutlich erkennen, daß der Verteiler quaderförmig und hohl ist, während der Ausflußkörper aus vollem Material besteht, in welchem die Einzelströmungskanäle 19 angeordnet sind, die mit den Wandbohrungen 18 in der Seitenwand 24 des Verteilers 16 fluchten.Figure 7 shows the section along the line IV-IV in the third embodiment and clearly shows that the distributor is cuboid and hollow, while the discharge body consists of solid material, in which the single flow channels 19 are arranged, which are with the wall holes 18 in the side wall 24 of the distributor 16 are aligned.

Eine vierte Ausführungsform der Multistrahldüse 1 im Schnitt ist in Figur 8 dargestellt. Diese Ausführungsform besteht aus einem rohrförmigen Verteiler 2, in dessen Mantelfläche 20 entlang einer Mantellinie Einzelströmungskanäle 21 vorhanden sind, die beispielsweise als Lochreihe aus zueinander parallelen Bohrungen ausgestaltet sind. Diese Ausführungsform wird bevorzugt für homogene Beschichtungen bei sehr geringen Abständen zwischen der Multistrahldüse 1 und der bewegten Materialbahn 5 eingesetzt. Die ausfließenden Flüssigkeitsstrahlen bilden dabei im Benetzungsspalt sofort zusammenhängende Flüssigkeitsbrücken und einen geschlossenen Filmvorhang, wie dies in Figur 8 angedeutet ist. Der geschlossene Filmvorhang führt zu einem gleichmäßigen, zusammenhängenden Filmüberzug auf dem Trägerband 5.A fourth embodiment of the multi-jet nozzle 1 in section is shown in FIG. This embodiment consists of a tubular distributor 2, in the lateral surface 20 of which there are individual flow channels 21 along a surface line, which are configured, for example, as a row of holes made of mutually parallel bores. This embodiment is preferably used for homogeneous coatings with very small distances between the multi-jet nozzle 1 and the moving material web 5. The outflowing liquid jets immediately form contiguous in the wetting gap Liquid bridges and a closed film curtain, as indicated in Figure 8. The closed film curtain leads to a uniform, coherent film covering on the carrier tape 5.

Figur 9 zeigt im Längsschnitt eine fünfte Ausführungsform einer Multistrahldüse 1 mit kontinuierlich einstellbarer Beschichtungs- bzw. Spülbreite B. Die Flüssigkeit strömt dabei in der Mitte eines rohrförmigen Verteilers 22 über einen Einlaufstutzen 38 in die Verteilerkammer ein und durch Einzelströmungskanäle 4i in Gestalt von Kapillarröhrchen, die dem Einlaufstutzen gegenüberliegen, auf das zu beaufschlagende Trägerband 5. Der Verteiler 22 ist beispielsweise als kreissymmetrisches Rohr mit gehonter und vergüteter Innenwandung 29 ausgebildet und ist beidseitig durch verschiebbare Kolben 25, 25 verschlossen, die Dichtringe 27 in umlaufenden Nuten 28 tragen. Die ringförmigen Nuten 28 befinden sich gegenüber der Innenwandung 29, gegen welche die Dichtringe 27, zum Beispiel O-Ringe, anliegen.FIG. 9 shows in longitudinal section a fifth embodiment of a multi-jet nozzle 1 with a continuously adjustable coating or rinsing width B. The liquid flows in the middle of a tubular distributor 22 via an inlet connector 38 into the distributor chamber and through individual flow channels 4 i in the form of capillary tubes, on the carrier tape 5 to be acted upon. The distributor 22 is designed, for example, as a circularly symmetrical tube with honed and tempered inner wall 29 and is closed on both sides by displaceable pistons 25, 25, which carry sealing rings 27 in circumferential grooves 28. The annular grooves 28 are located opposite the inner wall 29 against which the sealing rings 27, for example O-rings, bear.

Die Kolben 25 sind über Spindeln 30 seitenverschiebbar. Durch Positionierung der Kolben 25 läßt sich jede beliebige Beschichtungsbreite B auf dem Trägerband 5 einstellen. Die Kapillarröhrchen schließen mit der Innenwandung 29 des Verteilers 22 bündig ab und stehen auf der Außenseite der Verteilerwandung vor.The pistons 25 are laterally displaceable via spindles 30. By positioning the pistons 25, any coating width B can be set on the carrier tape 5. The capillary tubes are flush with the inner wall 29 of the distributor 22 and protrude on the outside of the distributor wall.

In Figur 10 ist eine Ansicht einer sechsten Ausführungsform einer Multistrahldüse 31 gezeigt, die aus einem zweiteiligen Verteiler 37 besteht. Die beiden Hälften 33, 34 des Verteilers der Multistrahldüse 31 werden durch eine Schraubverbindung 32 spaltlos zusammengehalten. Die Flüssigkeit strömt durch einen Einlaufstutzen 36 in Richtung des Pfeils A in das Innere der Multistrahldüse 31 ein. Aus dem Schnitt V-V in Figur 10 ist ersichtlich, daß die eine Hälfte 33 eine glatte Berandungsfläche aufweist, während die andere Hälfte 34 eine mit Rillennuten ausgestattete Berandungsfläche besitzt, die eine Vielzahl von Einzelströmungskanälen 35 für den Austritt der Flüssigkeit aus der Multistrahldüse 31 auf das Trägerband 5 bilden. Der Einlaufstutzen 36 ist rechtwinklig zur Verteilerachse und seitlich an der genuteten Hälfte 34 angebracht.FIG. 10 shows a view of a sixth embodiment of a multi-jet nozzle 31, which consists of a two-part distributor 37 exists. The two halves 33, 34 of the distributor of the multi-jet nozzle 31 are held together without a gap by a screw connection 32. The liquid flows through an inlet nozzle 36 in the direction of arrow A into the interior of the multi-jet nozzle 31. From section VV in Figure 10 it can be seen that one half 33 has a smooth edge surface, while the other half 34 has a groove surface which is provided with groove grooves and which has a multiplicity of individual flow channels 35 for the exit of the liquid from the multi-jet nozzle 31 onto the carrier tape 5 form. The inlet connector 36 is attached at right angles to the distributor axis and laterally on the grooved half 34.

Claims (18)

  1. A process for applying a fluid to a moving web of material, in which the volume stream of the fluid to be applied is passed transversely to the running direction of the web of material and divided into a multiplicity of individual volume streams which flow side by side onto the web of material and which, on striking the web of material, each wet a predetermined web width, the distance between the individual volume streams being selected such that fluid bridges, which converge to give a uniformly thick fluid film which covers the entire coating width of the web of material, form between the predetermined web widths, wherein the frictional pressure drop along the individual volume streams is greater than the maximum hydrostatic differential pressure being established between the volume stream transversely to the running direction of the webs of material and the outflow cross-section of the individual volume streams.
  2. The process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the frictional pressure drop of the fluid flow transversely to the running direction of the web of material is smaller than the frictional pressure drop in the individual volume streams.
  3. The process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the individual volume streams are adjusted to turbulent flow conditions which, on striking the moving web of material, lead to rinsing in addition to the uniform coverage with the fluid.
  4. Equipment for applying a fluid to a moving web (5) of material, having a multi-jet nozzle (1; 31) consisting of a distributor (2; 16; 22; 37) and a multiplicity of individual flow channels (4i; 19; 21; 35), with i being an integer equal to 1 to n, and being the individual flow channels being arranged at equal mutual distances t along a longitudinal line (13; 26) or a slot (15) parallel to the distributor axis and at right angles to the distributor axis, wherein each of the individual flow channels consists of a bore which ends flush with a wall of the distributor, or of a capillary tube which protrudes from the distributor and has a length l, an internal diameter Di equal to 0.3 to 3.0 mm and an external diameter Da equal to 1.0 to 5.0 mm, wherein the mutual distance t of the individual flow channels (4i) is 5 to 7 mm, and wherein the capillary tubes are inserted in a snap fit, soldered or stuck into bores (12) in the distributor wall along the longitudinal line (13) and protrude into the interior of the distributor.
  5. The equipment as claimed in claim 4, wherein the distance y of the outflow orifices of the individual flow channels (4i) from the web of material in the form of a carrier strip (5) is 3 to 5 mm.
  6. The equipment as claimed in claim 4, wherein the individual flow channels protrude into the interior of the tubular distributor (2), and wherein the two individual flow channels (4₁, 4n) located at the outside protrude further by an amount x of between 6 and 12 mm into the interior of the distributor than the remaining individual flow channels.
  7. The equipment as claimed in claim 6, wherein the distance y of the outflow orifices of the two individual flow channels (4₁, 4n) located at the outside from the web of material in the form of the carrier strip (5) is 9 to 17 mm.
  8. The equipment as claimed in claim 4, wherein the multi-jet nozzle (1) consists of a tubular distributor (2) and a slot die (23) which is connected to the distributor (2) via a plane-parallel channel (15), and wherein the individual flow channels (4i) in the form of capillary tubes project into the channel (15) of the slot die (23) through a perforated outflow strip (14) which seals the underside of the slot die (23).
  9. The equipment as claimed in claim 8, wherein the individual flow channels (4i) project in the manner of a comb from the outflow strip (14).
  10. The equipment as claimed in claim 8, wherein the upper inlet orifices of the individual flow channels (4i) are arranged at a distance of 6 to 8 mm underneath the distributor (2) in the channel (15) and bear without a gap against the inner wall of the channel (15).
  11. The equipment as claimed in claim 4, wherein the multi-jet nozzle (1) consists of a hollow cuboid distributor (16) and a square-shaped outflow body (17) of solid material with mutually parallel perforations as individual flow channels (19), and wherein the outflow body (17) adjoins a side wall (24) of the distributor (16), the side wall having wall bores (18) flush with the individual flow channels (19).
  12. The equipment as claimed in claim 11, wherein the wall bores (18) are arranged along a longitudinal line (26) of the side wall (24).
  13. The equipment as claimed in claim 4, wherein the multi-jet nozzle (1) consists of the tubular distributor (2), in whose outer surface (20) individual flow channels (21) in the form of mutually parallel bores are arranged as a row of holes along a longitudinal line.
  14. The equipment as claimed in claim 4, wherein the multi-jet nozzle (1) consists of a hollow tubular distributor (22) with mobile pistons (25) as the end faces, and wherein the pistons (25) carry, in circumferential annular grooves (28), sealing rings (27) which are in sealing contact with the inner wall (29) of the distributor (22), and wherein the pistons (25) are laterally adjustable in the distributor (22) by means of spindles (30).
  15. The equipment as claimed in claim 14, wherein the distributor (22) has an inlet branch (38) arranged on the outer surface in the middle relative to the length of the distributor, and wherein individual flow channels (4i) in the form of capillary tubes penetrate the wall of the distributor (22) on the side opposite the inlet branch.
  16. The equipment as claimed in claim 15, wherein the individual flow channels (4i) end flush with the inner wall (29) and project on the outside of the distributor wall.
  17. The equipment as claimed in claim 4, wherein a multi-jet nozzle (31) consists of a two-part distributor (37), wherein the two halves (33, 34) of the distributor (37) are held together by a screwed joint (32), and wherein one half (33) has a smooth boundary surface, whereas the other half (34) possesses a boundary surface provided with fluted grooves which form individual flow channels (35) for the individual volume streams.
  18. The equipment as claimed in claim 17, wherein the volume stream flows through an inlet branch (36) which communicates with the grooved half (34) of the distributor (37), into the multi-jet nozzle (31), and wherein the inlet branch (36) is fitted at a right angle to the distributor axis and laterally to the half (34).
EP90124816A 1990-01-09 1990-12-19 Method and apparatus for uniformly coating a moving web with a fluid Expired - Lifetime EP0436893B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4000405A DE4000405A1 (en) 1990-01-09 1990-01-09 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR APPLYING A FLUID EVENLY ON A MOVING MATERIAL RAIL
DE4000405 1990-01-09

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Publication Number Publication Date
EP0436893A1 EP0436893A1 (en) 1991-07-17
EP0436893B1 true EP0436893B1 (en) 1995-04-12

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US (1) US5264036A (en)
EP (1) EP0436893B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH04313363A (en)
KR (1) KR0179025B1 (en)
BR (1) BR9100052A (en)
CA (1) CA2033539A1 (en)
DE (2) DE4000405A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2070989T3 (en)

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JPH04313363A (en) 1992-11-05
CA2033539A1 (en) 1991-07-10
US5264036A (en) 1993-11-23
KR0179025B1 (en) 1999-03-20
DE59008895D1 (en) 1995-05-18
EP0436893A1 (en) 1991-07-17
KR910014152A (en) 1991-08-31
BR9100052A (en) 1991-10-22
DE4000405A1 (en) 1991-07-11
ES2070989T3 (en) 1995-06-16

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