EP0436528B1 - Electric surface-polishing device - Google Patents

Electric surface-polishing device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0436528B1
EP0436528B1 EP88908666A EP88908666A EP0436528B1 EP 0436528 B1 EP0436528 B1 EP 0436528B1 EP 88908666 A EP88908666 A EP 88908666A EP 88908666 A EP88908666 A EP 88908666A EP 0436528 B1 EP0436528 B1 EP 0436528B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
housing
outer housing
electropolished
electrode
several
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP88908666A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0436528A1 (en
Inventor
Robert Weber
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25F—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC REMOVAL OF MATERIALS FROM OBJECTS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25F7/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells for electrolytic removal of material from objects; Servicing or operating
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
    • G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
    • G21F9/001—Decontamination of contaminated objects, apparatus, clothes, food; Preventing contamination thereof
    • G21F9/002—Decontamination of the surface of objects with chemical or electrochemical processes
    • G21F9/004—Decontamination of the surface of objects with chemical or electrochemical processes of metallic surfaces

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for electropolishing surfaces with a housing which can be guided along the surface to be electropolished by means of a guide device, with the exception of the housing which is closed on all sides, with a seal between the edge of the housing and the surface to be electropolished, with a electrode held in the housing and with auxiliary devices connected to the housing for power supply and for supplying electrolyte fluid.
  • this sponge-like electrode is enclosed by a housing that is only open towards the surface to be decontaminated and can be brought into contact with the surface to be decontaminated by means of a seal, small amounts of electrolyte liquid adhere to the already decontaminated surface sections when the housing is moved. These electrolyte residues adhering to the decontaminated surface parts interfere with the recommissioning of the decontaminated system parts. They must therefore be eliminated beforehand by extensive rinsing measures.
  • the invention is based on the object of strengthening this device for electropolishing surfaces to such an extent that as far as possible no electrolyte residues get caught on the surface parts to be decontaminated or their amount is significantly reduced.
  • the housing together with the electrode is installed inside an outer housing, which is closed on all sides, with the exception of the side facing the surface to be electropolished, the outer housing carrying a seal at its edge and with connections for the supply and discharge to a rinsing liquid as well as with bushings for the supply and discharge of electrolyte liquid from and to the inner housing, it becomes possible to dilute the electrolyte residues remaining on the electropolished surface between the two housings with rinsing liquid and to rinse them away when the two housings are electropolished and moved. At the same time, pre-cleaning of the surface parts that are subsequently to be electropolished is also achieved.
  • the inner housing is slidably mounted relative to the outer housing perpendicular to the open side of the two housings.
  • the sponge electrode, together with the inner housing can be pushed further towards the surface to be electropolished and better brought into contact with the surface if the wall is strongly curved.
  • the flexible housing seal compensates for the straight edge of the housing and the curvature of the container wall. In this way, the risk of leakage at the seals can be reduced even on curved surfaces.
  • the electrode can also be slidably mounted in the interior of the inner housing perpendicular to the open side thereof. This makes it possible to keep the contact pressure of the electrode approximately constant with different curvatures of the surface to be electropolished.
  • the contamination of the electropolished surface parts with electrolyte is minimized if deionate is used as the rinsing liquid in nuclear plants in a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention.
  • the rinsing liquid or the deionized residues that remain on the electropolished surface can be mixed with the deionate that is usually used in the operation of such systems, and further treatment or rinsing of the surface becomes superfluous.
  • Particularly low residues of electrolyte are achieved if, in a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, a ring line connected to the rinsing liquid supply line and equipped with spray nozzles aligned with the gap between the edges of the inner and outer housing is fastened to the outer housing, between the outer and inner housing .
  • the electrolyte residues are rinsed out of the surface by the spray pressure of the rinsing liquid, diluted and suctioned off with the rinsing liquid.
  • FIG. 1 shows in cross section a container 2 to be decontaminated, on which a work platform 4 is placed, which carries a central opening 6.
  • a rotary table 12 which can be rotated about the axis of symmetry 10 of the container 2 on the work platform 4, is mounted over this opening with rollers 8, 9 (only two shown).
  • a central main mast 14 is guided on the turntable so as to be displaceable perpendicular to the plane of the table. The vertical displacement of the main mast 14 takes place via an indicated vertical drive 16 with a pinion 20 engaging in a rack 18 of the main mast.
  • the rotation of the main mast 14 about the axis of symmetry 10 of the container 2 takes place via a horizontal drive 22 attached to the edge of the turntable 12 with an in a ring gear 26 of the work platform 4 engaging pinion 24.
  • a manipulator arm 28 is pivotally mounted about a horizontal axis 30. The pivoting position of the manipulator arm is adjusted by means of a cable drive 32.
  • the outer housing 34 of the device for electropolishing surfaces is fastened to a support arm 36 which can be displaced longitudinally on the manipulator arm 28.
  • a deionized tank 38 At the lower end of the central main mast 14, a deionized tank 38, an electrolyte tank 40 and a circulation pump 41, 42 for the deionized water and the electrolyte liquid are attached.
  • a circulation pump 41, 42 for the deionized water and the electrolyte liquid are attached.
  • television cameras 44, 45 and a lighting device 46 are attached.
  • FIG. 2 enlarged compared to FIG. 1, one can see the outer housing 34 with all its internals, which is held on the manipulator arm 28 by means of the support arm 36.
  • This outer housing 24 has a cylindrical plan and is closed on all sides except for the side opposite the support arm 36.
  • the edge of this outer housing 34 carries a seal 50.
  • a plunger 54 is mounted so as to be longitudinally displaceable.
  • a sponge electrode 56 is pivotally supported in two dimensions by means of a ball joint 58.
  • a somewhat smaller inner housing 60 is mounted so as to be longitudinally displaceable on the stamp 54.
  • This inner housing 60 is likewise closed on all sides, with the exception of the side facing the surface to be electropolished.
  • it likewise has a cylindrical cross section and is supported on the inner wall of the outer housing 34 with a largely open annular bead 61.
  • a circumferential seal 62 is also attached to the edge of the inner housing 60 and can be brought into engagement with the surface 48 to be electropolished.
  • the inner housing 60 and also the stamp with the sponge electrode 54 are pressed out of the outer housing 60 in the direction of the surface 48 to be electropolished by means of a spring 64 placed on the stamp 54 and supported on the one hand on the inner housing 60 and on the other hand on the outer housing 34 .
  • a further spring 68 is clamped between the outer housing 34 and the manipulator arm 28 and pushes the outer housing 34 away from the manipulator arm.
  • the plunger 54 is at the same time the piston rod of a hydraulic cylinder 70 installed in the interior of the manipulator arm 28.
  • the plunger 54 can thus be pulled into the manipulator arm 28 against the force of the springs 64, 68 or also pushed out again.
  • the disk 66 attached to the stamp transmits the retraction movement of the stamp 54 to the two housings 34, 60 by abutment on the inner housing 60.
  • the support arm 36 which is welded to the outer housing 34, is in turn slidably displaceable over the manipulator arm 28. The travel of the support arm 36 on the manipulator arm 28 is limited by a stop pin 74 of the support arm, which plunges into a longitudinal groove 72 of the manipulator arm.
  • the sponge 76 of the sponge electrode 56 is connected to the electrolyte circulation pump 42 via two pipelines 78, 79 for the supply of electrolyte liquid which are passed through the rear wall of both the inner and the outer housing.
  • the inner housing is also connected to the electrolyte container 40 via at least one pipe 80, 81 which is led through the rear wall of the outer housing 34 for the suction of electrolyte liquid.
  • the outer housing 34 carries on its inside a ring line 82 with spray nozzles 84, 85 aligned with the electropolishing surface 48, which is connected to the flushing liquid pump 41 via a flushing liquid supply line 86.
  • the outer housing 34 is connected to a suction line 88 for rinsing liquid. This suction line opens into the rinsing liquid container 38, which is filled with deionized water in the exemplary embodiment.
  • the central main mast 14 is first lowered to the desired height by means of the vertical drive 16 and then the manipulator arm 28 is moved into the working position via the cable drive 32, ie in the exemplary embodiment into the horizontal position, pivoted.
  • the sponge electrode 56, the inner housing 60 and the outer housing 34 can be pressed by the springs 64, 68 against the surface to be electropolished, ie in the exemplary embodiment against the inner wall 48 of the container 2.
  • the outer housing 34 is pressed with its seal 45 against the outer housing and on the manipulator arm 28 with its seal 45 and the container wall.
  • the inner housing is pressed by the spring 64 stretched between the inner housing and the outer housing with its seal 62 against the container wall 48.
  • the hydraulic cylinder 70 can additionally press the stamp 54 with the sponge electrode 56 against the container wall to be electropolished.
  • the sponge electrode 56 can be supplied with electrolyte liquid via the pipes 78, 79 and that of the electrolyte circulation pump 42.
  • the excess electrolyte is sucked back out of the inner housing 60 into the electrolyte container via the suction lines 80, 81.
  • rinsing liquid in the exemplary embodiment deionized water, is pressed with the circulating pump 41 from the deionized water tank 38 into the ring line 82 and through the spray nozzles 84, 85 (only two shown).
  • the deionized water that accumulates in the outer container is sucked back into the rinsing liquid container 38 via the suction line 88.
  • the removed deionate can either be replaced by fresh deionate or the removed deionate can be worked up before being returned to the rinsing liquid container. It is also conceivable that between the inner and the outer housing rotating brushes are installed, which on the surface to be electropolished to brush. As a result, electrolyte parts adhering to the surface and residues of removed material are mechanically wiped away.
  • the outer housing 34 can alternatively also be completely flooded with deionized water. It is also possible to keep the pressure in the outer housing 34 slightly above the pressure in the inner housing 6D and thereby effectively prevent electrolyte from leaking from the inner housing.
  • this pressure difference enables the lip seals to be pressed more firmly.
  • This also applies to the inner lip seal 62, if - in contrast to the exemplary embodiment - it is designed similarly to the outer lip seal 50 with one inner lip and one outer lip.
  • This device effectively prevents electrolyte liquid from escaping through the seal 62 of the inner housing 60 and through the seal 50 of the outer housing 34. It is a great advantage of this device that not only the electrolyte residues still adhering after electropolishing are washed away, but that when the device is moved over the surface to be electropolished, a pre-cleaning of the area in which electropolishing is to take place subsequently can also be achieved.
  • This device for electropolishing makes it possible to work under water due to its construction. This possibility of being able to work under water is of great advantage, particularly in the case of nuclear facilities, because it can effectively reduce the radiation exposure in the area. Finally, the work progress can be continuously monitored via the television cameras 44, 45 fastened under the work platform 4 and at the lower end of the main mast 14.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Measuring Or Testing Involving Enzymes Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
  • Cleaning In General (AREA)

Abstract

An electric surface-polishing device has a housing (60) closed on all sides, except the side that faces the surface to be electrically polished. The housing (60) can be moved by a guiding device (4, 12, 14, 28) along the surface (48) to be electrically polished. A seal (62) is arranged between the edge of the housing and the surface to be electrically polished. An electrode (56) is held in the housing and accessory devices (41, 42) for supplying current and fluid electrolyte are connected to the housing. In order to remove as much as possible of the electrolyte residues from the electrically polished surfaces, the housing (60) is arranged with the electrode (56) inside an outer housing (34) closed on all sides, except on the side that faces the surface to be polished. The outer housing has a seal (50) arranged on its edge and is provided with connections (86, 88) for delivering and removing a rinsing fluid, as well as with passages for delivering and removing the fluid electrolyte to and from the inner housing (60). The electrolyte residues remaining on parts of the electrically polished surfaces are thus rinsed away immediately behind the inner housing. The invention is particularly useful for electrically polishing the inner walls of containers, pipes and other parts of installations in the chemical and nuclear industries.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Vorrichtung zum Elektropolieren von Oberflächen mit einem mittels einer Führungsvorrichtung an der zu elektropolierenden Oberfläche entlangführbaren, mit Ausnahme der der zu elektropolierenden Oberfläche zugewandten Seite allseitig geschlossenen Gehäuse, mit einer Dichtung zwischen dem Gehäuserand und der zu elektropolierenden Oberfläche, mit einer im Gehäuse gehalterten Elektrode und mit am Gehäuse angeschlossenen Hilfseinrichtungen zur Stromversorgung und zur Versorgung mit Elektrolytflüssigkeit.The invention relates to a device for electropolishing surfaces with a housing which can be guided along the surface to be electropolished by means of a guide device, with the exception of the housing which is closed on all sides, with a seal between the edge of the housing and the surface to be electropolished, with a electrode held in the housing and with auxiliary devices connected to the housing for power supply and for supplying electrolyte fluid.

Durch die DE-OS 33 45 278 ist es bekannt, metallische Oberflächen von kerntechnischen Anlagen durch. Elektropolieren zu dekontaminieren. Bei dieser Vorrichtung wird eine Schwammelektrode, die an einem sich an der Innenoberfläche eines hohlzylindrischen Körpers abstützenden Fahrgestell gehaltert ist, gegen diese Innenoberfläche gedrückt und mit dem Fahrgestell längs dieser Oberfläche verfahren. Diese Vorrichtung geht recht sparsam mit den Elektrolyten um, weil die Elektrode in einem Gehäuse eingebaut ist, das mit Ausnahme der Seite, an der die Elektrode an der zu elektropolierenden Oberfläche anliegt, allseitig geschlossen ist. Aus diesem Gehäuse, das mit umlaufenden Dichtlippen an der zu elektropolierenden Oberfläche anliegt, wird von der Elektrode abtropfende Elektrolytflüssigkeit abgesaugt und in einen Elektrolytvorratsbehälter zurückgepumpt. Mit.dieser Vorrichtung konnten Rohre und Innenflächen von Behältern mit gutem Erfolg dekontaminiert werden. Obwohl diese schwammartige Elektrode von einem Gehäuse umschlossen ist, das nur zu der zu dekontaminierenden Oberfläche hin offen ist und mittels einer Dichtung an der zu dekontaminierenden Oberfläche zur Anlage bringbar ist, bleiben beim Verschieben des Gehäuses an den bereits dekontaminierten Oberflächenabschnitten geringe Mengen von Elektrolytflüssigkeit haften. Diese an den dekontaminierten Oberflächenteilen haftenden Elektrolytreste stören bei der Wiederinbetriebnahme der dekontaminierten Anlagenteile. Sie müssen daher zuvor durch umfangreiche Spülmaßnahmen beseitigt werden.From DE-OS 33 45 278 it is known to by metallic surfaces of nuclear facilities. To decontaminate electropolishing. In this device, a sponge electrode, which is held on a chassis which is supported on the inner surface of a hollow cylindrical body, is pressed against this inner surface and is moved with the chassis along this surface. This device is very economical with the electrolytes because the electrode is installed in a housing which is closed on all sides except for the side on which the electrode lies against the surface to be electropolished. Electrolyte liquid dripping from the electrode is sucked out of this housing, which rests with circumferential sealing lips on the surface to be electropolished, and pumped back into an electrolyte reservoir. With this device, pipes and inner surfaces of containers could be decontaminated with good success. Although this sponge-like electrode is enclosed by a housing that is only open towards the surface to be decontaminated and can be brought into contact with the surface to be decontaminated by means of a seal, small amounts of electrolyte liquid adhere to the already decontaminated surface sections when the housing is moved. These electrolyte residues adhering to the decontaminated surface parts interfere with the recommissioning of the decontaminated system parts. They must therefore be eliminated beforehand by extensive rinsing measures.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, diese Vorrichtung zum Elektropolieren von Oberflächen soweit zu ertüchtigen, daß möglichst keine Elektrolytreste an den zu dekontaminiert Oberflächenteilen hängen bleiben bzw. deren Menge deutlich verringert wird.The invention is based on the object of strengthening this device for electropolishing surfaces to such an extent that as far as possible no electrolyte residues get caught on the surface parts to be decontaminated or their amount is significantly reduced.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind den Ansprüchen 2 bis 11 zu entnehmen.This object is solved by the features of claim 1. Further advantageous embodiments of the invention can be found in claims 2 to 11.

Dadurch, daß das Gehäuse mitsamt der Elektrode im Innern eines äußeren, mit Ausnahme der der zu elektropolierenden Oberfläche zugewandten Seite allseitig geschlossenen Gehäuses eingebaut ist, wobei das äußere Gehäuse an seinem Rand eine Dichtung trägt und mit Anschlüssen für die Zu- und Abführung zu einer Spülflüssigkeit sowie mit Durchführungen für die Zu- und Abführung von Elektrolytflüssigkeit von und zum inneren Gehäuse versehen ist, wird es möglich, die beim Elektropolieren und Verschieben der beiden Gehäuse auf der elektropolierten Oberfläche zurückbleibenden Elektrolytreste zwischen den beiden Gehäusen mit Spülflüssigkeit zu verdünnen und wegzuspülen. Zugleich wird so auch eine Vorreinigung der nachfolgend zu elektropolierenden Oberflächenteile erreicht.Characterized in that the housing together with the electrode is installed inside an outer housing, which is closed on all sides, with the exception of the side facing the surface to be electropolished, the outer housing carrying a seal at its edge and with connections for the supply and discharge to a rinsing liquid as well as with bushings for the supply and discharge of electrolyte liquid from and to the inner housing, it becomes possible to dilute the electrolyte residues remaining on the electropolished surface between the two housings with rinsing liquid and to rinse them away when the two housings are electropolished and moved. At the same time, pre-cleaning of the surface parts that are subsequently to be electropolished is also achieved.

Die Anpassung an unterschiedliche Krümmungsradien von Behälterwänden und Rohrleitungen wird erleichtert, wenn in vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung der Erfindung das innere Gehäuse relativ zum äußeren Gehäuse senkrecht zur offenen Seite der beiden Gehäuse hin verschiebbar gelagert ist. In diesem Fall kann die Schwammelektrode bei starker Krümmung der Wand zusammen mit dem inneren Gehäuse weiter zu der zu elektropolierenden Oberfläche hin geschoben und besser an dieser zur Anlage gebracht werden. Dabei übernimmt die flexible Gehäusedichtung den Ausgleich zwischen der geraden Gehäusekante und der Krümmung der Behälterwand. So kann auch bei gekrümmten Oberflächen die Gefahr von Leckagen an den Dichtungen vermindert werden.The adaptation to different radii of curvature of container walls and pipelines is facilitated if, in an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the inner housing is slidably mounted relative to the outer housing perpendicular to the open side of the two housings. In this case, the sponge electrode, together with the inner housing, can be pushed further towards the surface to be electropolished and better brought into contact with the surface if the wall is strongly curved. The flexible housing seal compensates for the straight edge of the housing and the curvature of the container wall. In this way, the risk of leakage at the seals can be reduced even on curved surfaces.

In weiterer vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung der Erfindung kann auch die Elektrode im Innern des inneren Gehäuses senkrecht zur offenen Seite derselben verschiebbar gelagert sein. Dies ermöglicht es, den Anlagedruck der Elektrode bei unterschiedlichen Krümmungen der zu elektropolierenden Oberfläche annähernd konstant zu halten.In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the electrode can also be slidably mounted in the interior of the inner housing perpendicular to the open side thereof. This makes it possible to keep the contact pressure of the electrode approximately constant with different curvatures of the surface to be electropolished.

Eine Minimierung der Verunreinigung der elektropolierten Oberflächenteile mit Elektrolyt ergibt sich, wenn bei kerntechnischen Anlagen in besonders vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung der Erfindung als Spülflüssigkeit Deionat verwendet ist. In diesem Fall sind die Spülflüssigkeit bzw. die Deionatreste, die an der elektropolierten Oberfläche hängen bleiben problemlos mit dem beim Betrieb solcher Anlagen ohnehin meist verwendeten Deionat vermischbar und wird eine weitere Behandlung oder Spülung der Oberfläche überflüssig.The contamination of the electropolished surface parts with electrolyte is minimized if deionate is used as the rinsing liquid in nuclear plants in a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention. In this case, the rinsing liquid or the deionized residues that remain on the electropolished surface can be mixed with the deionate that is usually used in the operation of such systems, and further treatment or rinsing of the surface becomes superfluous.

Besonders geringe Rückstandsmengen an Elektrolyt werden erreicht, wenn in besonders vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung der Erfindung eine an die Spülflüssigkeitszuführungsleitung angeschlossene, und mit auf den Spalt zwischen den Rändern des inneren und äußeren Gehäuses ausgerichtete Spritzdüsen ausgerüstete Ringleitung am äußeren Gehäuse, zwischen äußerem und inneren Gehäuse, befestigt ist. In diesem Fall werden die Elektrolytreste durch den Spritzdruck der Spülflüssigkeit aus der Oberfläche herausgespült, verdünnt und mit der Spülflüssigkeit abgesaugt.Particularly low residues of electrolyte are achieved if, in a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, a ring line connected to the rinsing liquid supply line and equipped with spray nozzles aligned with the gap between the edges of the inner and outer housing is fastened to the outer housing, between the outer and inner housing . In this case, the electrolyte residues are rinsed out of the surface by the spray pressure of the rinsing liquid, diluted and suctioned off with the rinsing liquid.

Weitere Einzelheiten der Erfindung werden anhand eines in den Figuren dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels erläutert. Es zeigen:

  • FIG 1 einen Querschnitt durch eine auf einen zu elektropolierenden Behälter aufgesetzte erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung zum Elektropolieren von Oberflächen und
  • FIG 2 einen vergrößerten Querschnitt durch den Kopfteil der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung.
Further details of the invention are explained with reference to an embodiment shown in the figures. Show it:
  • 1 shows a cross section through a device for electropolishing surfaces and placed on a container to be electropolished
  • 2 shows an enlarged cross section through the head part of the device according to the invention.

Die Figur 1 zeigt im Querschnitt einen zu dekontaminierenden Behälter 2, auf dem eine Arbeitsbühne 4 aufgesetzt ist, welche einen zentralen Durchbruch 6 trägt. Über diesen Durchbruch ist ein mit Rollen 8, 9 (nur zwei dargestellt) um die Symmetrieachse 10 des Behälters 2 auf der Arbeitsbühne 4 drehbarer Drehtisch 12 gelagert. An dem Drehtisch ist ein zentraler Hauptmast 14 senkrecht zur Tischebene verschiebbar geführt. Die vertikale Verschiebung des Hauptmastes 14 erfolgt Über einen angedeuteten Vertikalantrieb 16 mit einem in eine Zahnstange 18 des Hauptmastes eingreifenden Ritzel 20. Die Drehung des Hauptmastes 14 um die Symmetrieachse 10 des Behälters 2 erfolgt über einen am Rand des Drehtisches 12 befestigten Horizontalantrieb 22 mit einem in einen Zahnkranz 26 der Arbeitsbühne 4 eingreifenden Ritzel 24. Am unteren Ende des Hauptmastes 14 ist ein Manipulatorarm 28 um eine horizontale Achse 30 schwenkbar gelagert. Die Einstellung der Schwenklage des Manipulatorarms erfolgt über einen Seiltrieb 32. An diesem Manipulatorarm 28 ist das äußere Gehäuse 34 der Vorrichtung zum Elektropolieren von Oberflächen an einen an dem Manipulatorarm 28 längsverschiebbaren Tragarm 36 befestigt. Am unteren Ende des zentralen Hauptmastes 14 sind ein Deionatbehälter 38, ein Elektrolytbehälter 40 sowie je eine Umwälzpumpe 41, 42 für das Deionat und die Elektrolytflüssigkeit befestigt. An der Unterseite der Arbeitsbühne 4 und am unteren Ende des Hauptmastes 14 sind Fernsehkameras 44, 45 und eine Beleuchtungseinrichtung 46 befestigt.1 shows in cross section a container 2 to be decontaminated, on which a work platform 4 is placed, which carries a central opening 6. A rotary table 12, which can be rotated about the axis of symmetry 10 of the container 2 on the work platform 4, is mounted over this opening with rollers 8, 9 (only two shown). A central main mast 14 is guided on the turntable so as to be displaceable perpendicular to the plane of the table. The vertical displacement of the main mast 14 takes place via an indicated vertical drive 16 with a pinion 20 engaging in a rack 18 of the main mast. The rotation of the main mast 14 about the axis of symmetry 10 of the container 2 takes place via a horizontal drive 22 attached to the edge of the turntable 12 with an in a ring gear 26 of the work platform 4 engaging pinion 24. At the lower end of the main mast 14, a manipulator arm 28 is pivotally mounted about a horizontal axis 30. The pivoting position of the manipulator arm is adjusted by means of a cable drive 32. On this manipulator arm 28, the outer housing 34 of the device for electropolishing surfaces is fastened to a support arm 36 which can be displaced longitudinally on the manipulator arm 28. At the lower end of the central main mast 14, a deionized tank 38, an electrolyte tank 40 and a circulation pump 41, 42 for the deionized water and the electrolyte liquid are attached. On the underside of the work platform 4 and at the lower end of the main mast 14, television cameras 44, 45 and a lighting device 46 are attached.

In der gegenüber der Figur 1 vergrößerten Darstellung der Figur 2 erkennt man das mittels des Tragarms 36 am Manipulatorarm 28 gehalterte äußere Gehäuse 34 mit all seinen Einbauten. Dieses äußere Gehäuse 24 hat einen zylindrischen Grundriß und ist mit Ausnahme der dem Tragarm 36 gegenüberliegenden Seite allseitig geschlossen. An der der zu elektropolierenden Oberfläche 48 zugewandten offenen Seite trägt der Rand dieses äußeren Gehäuses 34 eine Dichtung 50. Längs der Symmetrieachse 52 des Tragarms 36, durch diesen und durch das äußere Gehäuse 34 hinourch ein Stempel 54 längs verschiebbar gelagert. Am vorderen Ende des Stempels 54 ist eine Schwammelektrode 56 mittels eines Kugelgelenkes 58 zweidimensional schwenkbar gelagert. Zwischen der Schwammelektrode 56 und dem äußeren Gehäuse 34 ist ein etwas kleineres inneres Gehäuse 60 auf dem Stempel 54 längs verschiebbar gelagert. Dieses innere Gehäuse 60 ist ebenfalls mit Ausnahme der der zu elektropolierenden Oberfläche zugewandten Seite allseitig geschlossen. Es hat im Ausführungsbeispiel ebenfalls einen zylindrischen Querschnitt und stützt sich mit einem weitgehend durchbrochenen Ringwulst 61 an der Innenwand des äußeren Gehäuses 34 ab. An dem Rand des inneren Gehäuses 60 ist ebenfalls eine umlaufende Dichtung 62 angebracht, die mit der zu elektropolierenden Oberfläche 48 in Eingriff bringbar ist. Über eine über den Stempel 54 gestülpte, sich einerseits am inneren Gehäuse 60 und andererseits am äußeren Gehäuse 34 abstützende Feder 64 wird das innere Gehäuse 60 und auch der Stempel mit der Schwammelektrode 54 aus dem äußeren Gehäuse 60 in Richtung auf die zu elektropolierende Oberfläche 48 gedrückt. Zwischen dem äußeren Gehäuse 34 und dem Manipultorarm 28 ist eine weitere Feder 68 eingespannt, die das äußere Gehäuse 34 vom Manipulatorarm wegdrückt.In the illustration of FIG. 2, enlarged compared to FIG. 1, one can see the outer housing 34 with all its internals, which is held on the manipulator arm 28 by means of the support arm 36. This outer housing 24 has a cylindrical plan and is closed on all sides except for the side opposite the support arm 36. On the open side facing the surface 48 to be electropolished, the edge of this outer housing 34 carries a seal 50. Along the axis of symmetry 52 of the support arm 36, through this and through the outer housing 34 a plunger 54 is mounted so as to be longitudinally displaceable. At the At the front end of the stamp 54, a sponge electrode 56 is pivotally supported in two dimensions by means of a ball joint 58. Between the sponge electrode 56 and the outer housing 34, a somewhat smaller inner housing 60 is mounted so as to be longitudinally displaceable on the stamp 54. This inner housing 60 is likewise closed on all sides, with the exception of the side facing the surface to be electropolished. In the exemplary embodiment, it likewise has a cylindrical cross section and is supported on the inner wall of the outer housing 34 with a largely open annular bead 61. A circumferential seal 62 is also attached to the edge of the inner housing 60 and can be brought into engagement with the surface 48 to be electropolished. The inner housing 60 and also the stamp with the sponge electrode 54 are pressed out of the outer housing 60 in the direction of the surface 48 to be electropolished by means of a spring 64 placed on the stamp 54 and supported on the one hand on the inner housing 60 and on the other hand on the outer housing 34 . A further spring 68 is clamped between the outer housing 34 and the manipulator arm 28 and pushes the outer housing 34 away from the manipulator arm.

Der Stempel 54 ist, wie aus der Figur 1 ersichtlich wird, zugleich Kolbenstange eines im Inneren des Manipulatorarms 28 eingebauten Hydraulikzylinders 70. Der Stempel 54 kann somit entgegen der Kraft der Federn 64, 68 in den Manipulatorarm 28 hineingezogen oder auch wieder herausgedrückt werden. Dabei überträgt die am Stempel befestigte Scheibe 66 durch Anschlag an das innere Gehäuse 60 die Rückzugsbewegung des Stempels 54 auf die beiden Gehäuse 34, 60. Der mit dem äußeren Gehäuse 34 fest verschweißte Tragarm 36 ist seinerseits längsverschieblich über den Manipulatorarm 28 geschoben. Der Stellweg des Tragarms 36 auf dem Manipulatorarm 28 wird durch einen in eine Längsnut 72 des Manipultorarms eintauchenden Anschlagstift 74 des Tragarms begrenzt.The plunger 54, as can be seen from FIG. 1, is at the same time the piston rod of a hydraulic cylinder 70 installed in the interior of the manipulator arm 28. The plunger 54 can thus be pulled into the manipulator arm 28 against the force of the springs 64, 68 or also pushed out again. The disk 66 attached to the stamp transmits the retraction movement of the stamp 54 to the two housings 34, 60 by abutment on the inner housing 60. The support arm 36, which is welded to the outer housing 34, is in turn slidably displaceable over the manipulator arm 28. The travel of the support arm 36 on the manipulator arm 28 is limited by a stop pin 74 of the support arm, which plunges into a longitudinal groove 72 of the manipulator arm.

Der Schwamm 76 der Schwammelektrode 56 ist über zwei durch die hintere Wandung sowohl des inneren als auch des äußeren Gehäuses hindurchgeführte Rohrleitungen 78, 79 für die Zuführung von Elektrolytflüssigkeit an die Elektrolytumwälzpumpe 42 angeschlossen. Das innere Gehäuse ist außerdem über mindestens eine durch die Rückwand des äußeren Gehäuses 34 hindurchgeführte Rohrleitung 80, 81 für die Absaugung von Elektrolytflüssigkeit mit dem Elektrolytbehälter 40 verbunden. Das äußere Gehäuse 34 trägt an seiner Innenseite eine Ringleitung 82 mit zur elektropolierenden Oberfläche 48 ausgerichteten Spritzdüsen 84, 85, die über eine Spülflüssigkeitszuführungsleitung 86 an die Spülflüssigkeitspumpe 41 angeschlossen ist. Außerdem ist das äußere Gehäuse 34 an eine Absaugleitung 88 für Spülflüssigkeit angeschlossen. Diese Absaugleitung mündet in den Spülflüssigkeitsbehälter 38, der im Ausführungsbeispiel mit Deionat gefüllt ist.The sponge 76 of the sponge electrode 56 is connected to the electrolyte circulation pump 42 via two pipelines 78, 79 for the supply of electrolyte liquid which are passed through the rear wall of both the inner and the outer housing. The inner housing is also connected to the electrolyte container 40 via at least one pipe 80, 81 which is led through the rear wall of the outer housing 34 for the suction of electrolyte liquid. The outer housing 34 carries on its inside a ring line 82 with spray nozzles 84, 85 aligned with the electropolishing surface 48, which is connected to the flushing liquid pump 41 via a flushing liquid supply line 86. In addition, the outer housing 34 is connected to a suction line 88 for rinsing liquid. This suction line opens into the rinsing liquid container 38, which is filled with deionized water in the exemplary embodiment.

Um mit der Vorrichtung beispielsweise die Innenwand 48 eines Behälters 2 zu elektropolieren, wird zunächst der zentrale Hauptmast 14 mittels des Vertikalantriebs 16 in die gewünschte Höhe abgesenkt und sodann der Manipulatorarm 28 über den Seiltrieb 32 in die Arbeitsposition, d. h. im Ausführungsbeispiel in die horizontale Position, geschwenkt. In dieser Position können durch Entspannen des Hydraulikzylinders 70 die Schwammelektrode 56, das innere Gehäuse 60 und das äußere Gehäuse 34 durch die Federn 64, 68 an der zu elektropolierenden Oberfläche, d. h. im Ausführungsbeispiel an die Innenwand 48 des Behälters 2, angedrückt werden. Dabei wird das äußere Gehäuse 34 über die sich am äußeren Gehäuse und am Manipulatorarm 28 abstützende Feder 68 mit ihrer Dichtung 45 rtrtg qmt Behälterwandung gedrückt. Das innere Gehäuse wird durch die zwischen dem inneren Gehäuse und äußeren Gehäuse gespannte Feder 64 mit ihrer Dichtung 62 gegen die Behälterwandung 48 gedrückt. In dieser Position der beiden Gehäuse kann der Hydraulikzylinder 70 den Stempel 54 mit der Schwammelektrode 56 zusätzlich gegen die zu elektropolierende Behälterwandung drücken.In order to electropolish the inner wall 48 of a container 2 with the device, for example, the central main mast 14 is first lowered to the desired height by means of the vertical drive 16 and then the manipulator arm 28 is moved into the working position via the cable drive 32, ie in the exemplary embodiment into the horizontal position, pivoted. In this position, by relaxing the hydraulic cylinder 70, the sponge electrode 56, the inner housing 60 and the outer housing 34 can be pressed by the springs 64, 68 against the surface to be electropolished, ie in the exemplary embodiment against the inner wall 48 of the container 2. In this case, the outer housing 34 is pressed with its seal 45 against the outer housing and on the manipulator arm 28 with its seal 45 and the container wall. The inner housing is pressed by the spring 64 stretched between the inner housing and the outer housing with its seal 62 against the container wall 48. In this position of the two housings, the hydraulic cylinder 70 can additionally press the stamp 54 with the sponge electrode 56 against the container wall to be electropolished.

Nachdem die Vorrichtung so in Arbeitsposition gebracht ist, kann die Schwammelektrode 56 über die Rohrleitungen 78, 79 und die der Elektrolytumwälzpumpe 42 mit Elektrolytflüssigkeit versorgt werden. Das überschüssige Elektrolyt wird über die Absaugleitungen 80, 81 aus dem inneren Gehäuse 60 wieder in den Elektrolytbehälter zurückgesaugt. Zugleich wird Spülflüssigkeit, im Ausführungsbeispiel Deionat, mit der Umwälzpumpe 41 aus dem Deionatbehälter 38 in die Ringleitung 82 und durch die Spritzdüsen 84, 85 (nur zwei dargestellt) gedrückt. Das sich im äußeren Behälter ansammelnde Deionat wird über die Absaugleitung 88 in den Spülflüssigkeitsbehälter 38 zurückgesaugt. Beim Verschieben der Gehäuse über die Oberfläche des Behälters findet nun bei eingeschaltetem Strom ein oberflächiger Abtrag von Material von der Behälterwandung statt. Die abgetragenen Partikel werden von der Elektrolytflüssigkeit weggeschwemmt und mit dieser über die Rohrleitungen 80, 81 in den Elektrolytbehälter 40 abgesaugt. Sie können in hier nicht weiter dargestellter Weise über eine zwischengeschaltete Filtriereinrichtung abgefiltert werden. Die elektropolierten Bereiche der Behälterwand, die beim Verschieben der Gehäuse unter der Dichtlippe 62 des inneren Gehäuses 60 zum Vorschein kommen, sind mit geringen Mengen an Elektrolytflüssigkeit benetzt. Diese Reste an Elektrolytflüssigkeit werden zwischen dem inneren und dem äußeren Gehäuse von der mit Überdruck aus den Spritzdüsen 84, 85 gegen die Behälterwand spritzenden Spülflüssigkeit abgespült, so daß, wenn diese elektropolierten und dekontaminierten Oberflächenteile an der Dichtung 50 des äußeren Gehäuses 34 zum Vorschein kommen, diese im wesentlichen nur noch mit Spülflüssigkeit, im vorliegenden Fall mit Deionat, benetzt sind.After the device has been brought into the working position in this way, the sponge electrode 56 can be supplied with electrolyte liquid via the pipes 78, 79 and that of the electrolyte circulation pump 42. The excess electrolyte is sucked back out of the inner housing 60 into the electrolyte container via the suction lines 80, 81. At the same time, rinsing liquid, in the exemplary embodiment deionized water, is pressed with the circulating pump 41 from the deionized water tank 38 into the ring line 82 and through the spray nozzles 84, 85 (only two shown). The deionized water that accumulates in the outer container is sucked back into the rinsing liquid container 38 via the suction line 88. When the housing is moved over the surface of the container, a superficial removal of material from the container wall now takes place when the current is switched on. The removed particles are swept away by the electrolyte liquid and sucked into the electrolyte container 40 via the pipes 80, 81. They can be filtered in a manner not shown here via an intermediate filter device. The electropolished areas of the container wall, which appear when the housing is moved under the sealing lip 62 of the inner housing 60, are wetted with small amounts of electrolyte liquid. These residues of electrolyte liquid are rinsed off between the inner and the outer housing by the flushing liquid spraying against the container wall with overpressure from the spray nozzles 84, 85, so that when these electropolished and decontaminated surface parts on the seal 50 of the outer housing 34 appear, these are essentially only wetted with rinsing liquid, in the present case with deionized water.

In hier nicht weiter dargestellter Weise kann das abgezogene Deionat wahlweise jeweils durch frisches Deionat ersetzt oder das abgezogene Deionat vor der Rückleitung in den Spülflüssigkeitsbehälter aufgearbeitet werden. Es ist auch denkbar, daß zwischen dem inneren und dem äußeren Gehäuse rotierende Bürsten eingebaut werden, die auf die zu elektropolierende Oberfläche bürsten. Hierdurch werden an der Oberfläche haftende Elektrolytteile und Reste von abgetragenem Material mechanisch weggewischt. Anstelle der Verwendung von Spritzdüsen kann alternativ auch das äußere Gehäuse 34 vollständig mit Deionat geflutet werden. Auch ist es möglich, den Druck im äußeren Gehäuse 34 etwas über dem Druck des inneren Gehäuses 6D zu halten und dadurch wirkungsvoll zu verhindern, daß Elektrolyt aus dem inneren Gehäuse austreten kann. Zugleich kann durch diesen Druckunterschied ein stärkeres Anpressen der Lippdichtungen erreicht werden. Dies gilt auch für die innere Lippdichtung 62, wenn diese - abweichend zum Ausführungsbeispiel - ähnlich wie die äußere Lippdichtung 50 mit je einer inneren und äußeren Lippe ausgeführt ist.In a manner not shown here, the removed deionate can either be replaced by fresh deionate or the removed deionate can be worked up before being returned to the rinsing liquid container. It is also conceivable that between the inner and the outer housing rotating brushes are installed, which on the surface to be electropolished to brush. As a result, electrolyte parts adhering to the surface and residues of removed material are mechanically wiped away. Instead of using spray nozzles, the outer housing 34 can alternatively also be completely flooded with deionized water. It is also possible to keep the pressure in the outer housing 34 slightly above the pressure in the inner housing 6D and thereby effectively prevent electrolyte from leaking from the inner housing. At the same time, this pressure difference enables the lip seals to be pressed more firmly. This also applies to the inner lip seal 62, if - in contrast to the exemplary embodiment - it is designed similarly to the outer lip seal 50 with one inner lip and one outer lip.

Durch diese Vorrichtung wird wirkungsvoll verhindert, daß Elektrolytflüssigkeit durch die Dichtung 62 des inneren Gehäuses 60 und durch die Dichtung 50 des äußeren Gehäuses 34 austreten kann. Es ist ein großer Vorteil dieser Vorrichtung, daß nicht nur die nach dem Elektropolieren noch anhaftenden Elektrolytreste weggeschwemmt werden, sondern daß beim Verschieben der Vorrichtung über die zu elektropolierende Oberfläche auch eine Vorreinigung des Bereiches, bei dem anschließend elektropoliert werden soll, erreicht werden kann. Diese Vorrichtung zum Elektropolieren ermöglicht es, infolge ihres Aufbaus, auch unter Wasser zu arbeiten. Diese Möglichkeit, auch unter Wasser arbeiten zu können, ist insbesondere bei kerntechnischen Anlagen von großem Vorteil, weil so die Strahlenbelastung in der Umgebung wirkungsvoll abgesenkt werden kann. Schließlich kann der Arbeitsfortschritt laufend über die unter der Arbeitsbühne 4 und am unteren Ende des Hauptmastes 14 befestigten Fernsehkameras 44, 45 beobachtet werden.This device effectively prevents electrolyte liquid from escaping through the seal 62 of the inner housing 60 and through the seal 50 of the outer housing 34. It is a great advantage of this device that not only the electrolyte residues still adhering after electropolishing are washed away, but that when the device is moved over the surface to be electropolished, a pre-cleaning of the area in which electropolishing is to take place subsequently can also be achieved. This device for electropolishing makes it possible to work under water due to its construction. This possibility of being able to work under water is of great advantage, particularly in the case of nuclear facilities, because it can effectively reduce the radiation exposure in the area. Finally, the work progress can be continuously monitored via the television cameras 44, 45 fastened under the work platform 4 and at the lower end of the main mast 14.

Claims (11)

  1. Apparatus for electropolishing surfaces, having a housing (60) which can be guided along the surface to be electropolished by means of a guiding apparatus (4, 12, 14, 28) and which is closed on all sides with the exception of the side facing the surface to be electropolished, having a seal (62) between the housing edge and the surface to be electropolished, having an electrode (56) held in the housing, and having auxiliary devices (41, 42) connected to the housing for the current supply and for the supply of electrolytic fluid, characterised in that the housing (60) together with the electrode (56) is installed inside an outer housing (34) which is closed on all sides with the exception of the side facing the surface to be electropolished, with the outer housing bearing a seal (50) on its edge and being provided with connections (86, 88) for the supply and removal of a rinsing fluid and also with ducts for the supply and removal of electrolytic fluid from and to the inner housing.
  2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterised in that the inner housing (60) is mounted so as to be displaceable relative to the outer housing (34) perpendicularly to the open side of the two housings.
  3. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the electrode (56) is mounted so as to be displaceable inside the inner housing (60) perpendicularly to the open side of the same.
  4. Apparatus according to one or several of the preceding claims, characterised in that the rinsing fluid is deionized water.
  5. Apparatus according to one or several of the preceding claims, characterised in that a ring line (82), which is connected to the rinsing fluid supply line (86) and which is equipped with spray nozzles (84, 85) aligned with the gap between the edges of the inner and outer housing, is secured to the outer housing (34) between outer housing and inner housing.
  6. Apparatus according to one or several of the preceding claims, characterised in that brushes are provided rotating or oscillating in the gap between the outer and the inner housing, rubbing the surface to be electropolished.
  7. Apparatus according to one or several of the preceding claims, characterised by the use of a sponge electrode (56).
  8. Apparatus according to one or several of the preceding claims, characterised by the use of highly flexible lip seals (50, 62).
  9. Apparatus according to one or several of the preceding claims, characterised in that the guiding apparatus for electropolishing the inner surface of containers comprises a central main mast (14) with a manipulator arm (28) which is pivotally mounted at its lower end, with the outer housing (34) being displaceable at the outer end of the manipulator arm (28) in the longitudinal direction of the same and being rotatably mounted together with the manipulator arm about the axis of symmetry (10) of the container (2).
  10. Apparatus according to claim 9, characterised in that the central main mast (14) is rotatable about a vertical axis by means of a revolving table (12).
  11. Apparatus according to claim 9 or 10, characterised in that the storage containers (38, 40) for the electrolytic fluid and the rinsing fluid and also the associated conveying pumps (41, 42) are arranged at the lower end of the main mast (14).
EP88908666A 1988-10-10 1988-10-10 Electric surface-polishing device Expired - Lifetime EP0436528B1 (en)

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WO1990004053A1 (en) 1990-04-19
EP0436528A1 (en) 1991-07-17

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