EP0436265A1 - Originalitätsverpackung und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung - Google Patents

Originalitätsverpackung und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0436265A1
EP0436265A1 EP90300018A EP90300018A EP0436265A1 EP 0436265 A1 EP0436265 A1 EP 0436265A1 EP 90300018 A EP90300018 A EP 90300018A EP 90300018 A EP90300018 A EP 90300018A EP 0436265 A1 EP0436265 A1 EP 0436265A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
package
layer
packaging
brittle
container
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP90300018A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0436265B1 (de
Inventor
Yoram Curiel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Opsec Security Group Inc
Original Assignee
TSL Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by TSL Inc filed Critical TSL Inc
Priority to DE1990605806 priority Critical patent/DE69005806T2/de
Priority to AT90300018T priority patent/ATE99626T1/de
Publication of EP0436265A1 publication Critical patent/EP0436265A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0436265B1 publication Critical patent/EP0436265B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D25/00—Details of other kinds or types of rigid or semi-rigid containers
    • B65D25/34—Coverings or external coatings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D55/00—Accessories for container closures not otherwise provided for
    • B65D55/02—Locking devices; Means for discouraging or indicating unauthorised opening or removal of closure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D77/00—Packages formed by enclosing articles or materials in preformed containers, e.g. boxes, cartons, sacks or bags
    • B65D77/003—Articles enclosed in rigid or semi-rigid containers, the whole being wrapped
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2401/00—Tamper-indicating means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S206/00—Special receptacle or package
    • Y10S206/807—Tamper proof
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10S428/916—Fraud or tamper detecting

Definitions

  • This invention relates to tamperproof packaging and, more specifically, it relates to a tamper resistant package and a method of sealing packages such that a clear indication would be given if any tampering occurs and more specifically the invention relates to a product which is coated with a layer of extremely brittle material that cannot be unsealed without completely shattering the packag­ing. Also provided is one embodiment of the present invention wherein part or all of the packaging is comprised of an extremely brittle material such that the packaging itself cannot be unsealed without completely shattering the packag­ing material.
  • United States Patent No. 3,662,915 relates to a tamperproof package which provides a recessed tab in the inner periphery of a container which breaks away from the remainder of the container when entry is made into the container so as to indicate that tampering with the package has occurred.
  • United States Patent No. 2,074,490 discloses a tamperproof container in the form of a tinplate container having a composite coating consisting of a heat sensitive paint, printing ink, and varnish. This coating is said to distort responsive to any effort to remove the can end, get access to the contents, and then solder the end to the can.
  • United States Patent No. 3,935,960 provides a hermetically sealed con­tainer having a tape closure over an aperture for removing the contents of the container.
  • the tape closure is provided with an indicator layer of color capsules which rupture when the tape closure is removed.
  • United States Patent No. 4,502,605 provides an indicator dye/activator system which is mounted on the cap of a container in such a way that opening the cap of the container causes the indicator material to oxidize and thereby change in color. It teaches the use of a volatile alkali solution such as ammonia as an activator having a pH in the range of 9-12 whereas atmospheric air has a pH in the range of 5-7.
  • the preferred indicator dye is said to be phenolphthalein or other dyes sensitive to changes in the pH. See also United States Patent No. 4,516,679.
  • United States Patent No. 4,098,577 also discloses use of a pH sensitive dye which will display a different color when in contact with atmospheric air which would occur when the package is opened.
  • United States Patent No. 4,505,399 provides a sheet of material sensitive to light or oxygen which would effect a time-delayed, irreversible change in appearance in response to exposure. The sensitive material would be placed between two inactive sheets and the combination would be placed over the opening to the container so that the sensitive sheet would have to be exposed when the container is opened.
  • the present invention has met the above-described need by providing a package which is tamper resistant in that it is provided with an exterior coating which is extremely brittle and which will shatter when any puncture of the coating occurs. Also provided is a method of packag­ing products which involves coating the container with a layer of extremely brittle material such that the container cannot be unsealed without completely and irreversibly shattering the material. Alternatively, another embodiment of the present invention would provide that one or more walls of the package to be used would be comprised of the extremely brittle material.
  • a moisture or oxygen sensitive dye may be placed under the chemical coating which would exhibit a distinctive change in coloration if anything has penetrated the layer of coating.
  • fracture of the brittle layer will expose an underlying warning.
  • a package is provided, preferably exteriorly, with a layer of extremely brittle material, as by coating.
  • the coating material would be an epoxide resin such as a cycloaliphatic epoxide manufactured by Union Carbide Corp. of Danbury, Connecticut, and sold under the trade designation CYRACURE, UVR 6110.
  • the coating material could be a polyester base ultraviolet cured matte sold under the trade designation Polycure by Oriental Intl. of Tokyo, Japan, for example.
  • a premixed ultraviolet light curable cycloaliphatic epoxide may be used such as, for example, those sold under the trade designation Envibar UV 1244 manufactured by the Union Carbide Corp. of Danbury, Connecticut.
  • Other materials of the Envibar line, such as K 231 and K 232 and also UV 1231, for example are suitable.
  • cycloaliphatic epoxide products such as those mentioned hereinbefore, are low-viscosity, miscible liquids that are easily combined.
  • photoinitiators In order to obtain the appropriate properties with those materials, they must be combined with photoinitiators. The process of this combination is sometimes referred to as "formulation".
  • a suitable class of materials are the onium salt photoinitiators. When onium salts are exposed to ultraviolet light they photolyze or chemically decompose under the action of light and generate a cationic species that acts as a catalyst and/or initiator for polymerization of cycloaliphatic epoxides.
  • Suitable materials are those sold under the trade designations CYRA CURE EVI-6974 and CYRA CURE UVI-6990 by Union Carbide Corp. and UVE-1014 and UVE-1016 by General Electric Company. More specifically, the cationic chemistry involved in the curing of adhesives, coatings, inks, and sealants deals with onium salt photoini­tiators. These photoinitiators are blocked catalysts that are unblocked by the action of ultraviolet light. When the salts are exposed to ultraviolet light, they photolyze and chemically decompose under the action of ultraviolet light. Subsequently, they generate into a cationic species that acts as a catalyst or an initiator for polymerization of cycloaliphatic epoxides. In the presence of the generated cationic species, very rapid polymerization takes place.
  • UVR 6110 is a general purpose base epoxide that has an excellent cure response and viscosity differentiation that facilitates formulation.
  • the epoxide materials respond to ultraviolet light cure when they are combined with an appropriate photoinitiator.
  • Aryldiazonium salts and arylidonium salts are suitable photoinitiators.
  • a material containing the photoinitiator may be employed.
  • One suitable material for this purpose is that sold by Union Carbide under the trade designation ENVIBAR 1244.
  • the various ingredients may be simply combined or stirred by simple mixing for a suitable period, and then the coating and curing procedures are undertaken.
  • the process should preferably be carried out under "yellow” light conditions to protect the preparation from ultraviolet light until curing is performed.
  • Envibar UV 1244 is premixed such that the epoxide already contains the photoinitiators.
  • Such one-step systems may be directly applied to the item to be protected and then cured.
  • the coating which is preferably applied in generally uniform thickness may readily be accomplished by either dipping the product in the coating material or spraying the product with the desired coating material, for example. Alternatively, the material may be brushed onto the substrate.
  • the layer of the appropriate liquid resin may be of any desired thickness depending upon the purpose for which it is to be used and the specific material to be used.
  • the thickness would, for example preferably be of a thickness between about 1.0 mil and 50 mil and is preferably between 1.0 and 15 mils when UVR 6110 or the like is used. (One mil is one thousandth part of an inch (10 ⁇ 3 inch). When Envibar UV 1244 is used, the thickness would also preferably be between about 1.0 and 15 mils.
  • the brittle packaging material may be used alone to package a product. When employed alone the thickness would be preferably between about 2.0 mils to 100 mils.
  • the coating material is preferably applied to the entire package exterior, but may be applied solely to certain critical areas. One or more overlying layers of packaging material may be applied if desired.
  • a separation or release layer of silicon, tetra flouroethylene (“Teflon”), oily film, cellophane, or a thin nylon membrane, for example, may be applied to the package, if desired, to resist adherence of the molten epoxide to the underlying portion of the container to be protected.
  • the layer of liquid resin is applied to the package, the layer is then cured. It may preferably be cured, for example, by subjecting the package to a band of radiant ultraviolet light, for example. This may preferably be accomplished by exposing the product to a suitable medium, such medium would preferably be medium pressure mercury vapor from a suitable mercury vapor lamp which is known in the art. Alternatively, other methods of curing the coating layer may be used.
  • the ultraviolet radiation required is preferably of an intensity of about 175 watts and it would be sufficient to expose the product to this radiation for at least about two seconds per three square feet of material. Other materials may require a shorter period of radiation exposure.
  • any tampering with a product contained in this packaging will cause the outer epoxide shell of the packaging to shatter, portions of the shattered shell will tend to separate from the package and may break into separate pieces.
  • a sample coating comprised of cycloaliphatic epoxide (medium viscosity) UVR 6110 was mixed with a suitable photoinitiator, CYRA CURE UVI-5974 in the weight ratio of 4% (9674) to about 96% (6110).
  • the coating material at a temperature of 64°F-80°F was then applied by spraying the material in a continuous coating using a spray nozzle onto the exterior of a sample container.
  • a layer of a thickness of 2 mil was applied.
  • the container as coated was then cured using ultraviolet light from a medium pressure mercury vapor source of an intensity of 175 watts for about 6 seconds. This process achieved a coating of a uniform thickness and was of the desired brittleness which was sufficient to achieve the objects of the present invention.
  • a blistered top portion of a package may be precast using Envibar UV 1244 at a temperature of about 80°F.
  • the product, such as a pharmaceutical in capsule form was intro­duced into recesses in the blistered top.
  • a sheet of brittle matte was bonded to the top with Envibar UV 1244 being provided thereon.
  • the entire package was then cured employing a medium pressure vapor lamp for about 6 seconds to provide a tamperproof package.
  • a conventional commercial coating employed on individual cardboard cartons for tubes of medical ointments was tested.
  • the coating applied in a conventional manner and commercial standard thickness including both ink and varnish had an overall thickness of about 0.1 to 0.2 mils. Puncturing the container with a sharp instrument failed to create any coating fracture which was observable by the naked eye. This test confirmed the effectiveness of the tamperproof material of the present invention over the tested conventional package.
  • the present invention also contemplates an optional additional indicator, if desired, which would involve use of a moisture or oxygen sensitive dye as an additional indicator of tampering.
  • a moisture or oxygen sensitive dye would be placed under the chemical coating layer.
  • a preferred dye would be hydroscopic alkaline, such as hypo. When that is used, no color change would be present if the outer coating or the packaging has not been broken. However, once the packaging is broken, air or oxygen may penetrate into the interior packaging. Once this occurs, a distinctive coloration change would occur and would be immediately and readily visible. It is contemplated that other types of dyes could be used within the bounds of the present invention. This color changing chemical would be an additional safety feature which would give a further indication that the product concerned had been subjected to tampering.
  • a tear strip would be provided to facilitate proper opening of the package.
  • a pre-formed tear strip which has been treated with the appropriate coating material and properly cured could be placed on the package to function as an opening mechanism and also as an indicator of any tampering as tampering with the tear strip will break the chemical seal and will fracture the coating and other overlying packaging material.
  • Package 2 holds inner container 4.
  • the package 2 is preferably completely covered by outer pro­tective layer 6.
  • Outer layer 6 may be a cycloaliphatic epoxide as discussed hereinabove.
  • Inner container 4 holds contents 5 which may be pharmaceutical products such as capsules or tablets, for example.
  • Tear strip 8 is provided to facilitate ease of opening of the package. By simply pulling the tear strip 8, outer protective layer 6 is shattered. It will be appreciated that as the outer pro­tective layer 6 overlies the tear strip 8, the tear strip cannot be operated without shattering the layer 6.
  • FIG. 2 This shattering without operation of tear strip 8 is illustrated in Figure 2 where outer protective layer 6 is shattered into a plurality of individual pieces 10 by some form of physical penetration. Physical puncturing with a needle, or any attempt to open or interfere with package 2 results in frac­ture of layer 6. As noted above, a dye could also be used in addition to protective layer 6 to further enhance the likelihood that any product with which any tampering has occurred will be avoided.
  • Figure 3 shows the sidewall of a package 2 in further detail.
  • Package 2 has wall 12 which has outer pro­tective layer 6 thereon.
  • the indicator dye (not shown) could be placed between wall 12 and layer 6.
  • One embodiment of the present invention may also include intermediate release layer 14 which keeps the molten epoxide from adhering to the sidewall 12 of package 2 in cases where such adherence of the epoxide resin could be undesirable.
  • the package 2 as shown in Figure 1 is provided with the outer coating of the protective material.
  • a container such as inner container 4 may be directly coated with or be composed entirely of the protective material with or without the use of an external container such as container 2.
  • an enhanced visual indication may be provided by providing words or graphics or both as a warning indicator which would be visible only if tampering has occurred.
  • the words "IMPURE DO NOT USE” could be provided in a number of locations on the package 2 of Figure 2 in positions underlying outer protective layer 6 such that layer 6 will conceal the message unless tampering has occurred.
  • the exposed portions of package 2 shows underlying tear strip 8 could contain such legends.
  • the outer coating 6 could be used, as shown in Figures 5 and 6, for example, with a "blister" packaging commonly used for packaging individual capsules or tablets.
  • the blister packaging has first layer 16 and second layer 18. Sandwiched between first layer 16 and second layer 18 are tablets 5.
  • a tear strip 8 may also be provided for ease of opening. This entire assembly is coated exteriorly with outer protective coating 6 and is then cured according to the present invention. When the tear strip is pulled, protective coating 6 shatters.
  • Figure 7 depicts another embodiment of the present invention wherein the outer layer 6 is precast and comprises the upper layer or wall of the blister package without an underlying layer of packaging material.
  • Second layer 18 is depicted in Figure 7, but it is also contemplated to be within the scope of the present invention that layer 6 could be precast to form the entire packaging of the products without the need for a substrate such as layer 16 of Figure 6 or layer 18 of Figures 6 and 7.
  • the brittle layer could be used on the interior of an outer packaging such as cardboard or plastic for example within the bounds of the present invention.
  • the container to be packaged according to the present invention may contain pharmaceutical products.
  • the packaging of the present invention could be used for a wide variety of products wherein package integrity is important. Examples of such other uses are medical instruments and other products which must remain sterile until opened and food products.
  • the bonding action will be sufficiently small that fracturing of the brittle material by tampering will tend to sever such bonds to facilitate separating of the brittle material from the package material.
  • portions of such material which has separated from the package also separates from adjacent portions of the brittle material pieces, such as pieces 10 in Figure 2 will fall off.
  • a cooperating packaging component may be sufficiently impenetrable that the cured material will not be employed in the region of the package where such a packaging component is located.
  • brittle layer is to be established by applying a layer to another packaging component this may readily be accom­plished by any means such as spraying, brushing, or dipping.
  • the present invention provides a package and associated method for packaging products which provides an irreversible, ready indication that the package has been subjected to tampering or interference.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Packages (AREA)
EP90300018A 1987-01-27 1990-01-02 Originalitätsverpackung und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung Expired - Lifetime EP0436265B1 (de)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1990605806 DE69005806T2 (de) 1990-01-02 1990-01-02 Originalitätsverpackung und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung.
AT90300018T ATE99626T1 (de) 1990-01-02 1990-01-02 Originalitaetsverpackung und verfahren zu ihrer herstellung.

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US675687A 1987-01-27 1987-01-27
US07/209,822 US4890763A (en) 1987-01-27 1988-06-22 Tamper resistant package and method of making same
CA002005897A CA2005897C (en) 1987-01-27 1989-12-18 Tamper resistant package and method of making same

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0436265A1 true EP0436265A1 (de) 1991-07-10
EP0436265B1 EP0436265B1 (de) 1994-01-05

Family

ID=27168677

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90300018A Expired - Lifetime EP0436265B1 (de) 1987-01-27 1990-01-02 Originalitätsverpackung und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4890763A (de)
EP (1) EP0436265B1 (de)
CA (1) CA2005897C (de)
DK (1) DK0436265T3 (de)
ES (1) ES2048421T3 (de)

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CN104973318A (zh) * 2014-04-01 2015-10-14 联想(北京)有限公司 一种包装电子产品的方法及电子产品组合体
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4890763A (en) 1990-01-02
CA2005897C (en) 1995-08-01
EP0436265B1 (de) 1994-01-05
DK0436265T3 (da) 1994-05-16
CA2005897A1 (en) 1991-06-18
ES2048421T3 (es) 1994-03-16

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