EP0435020B1 - Device for packing paper cups with vertical pleated sides and containing confectionery products into the bottom of confectionery boxes - Google Patents

Device for packing paper cups with vertical pleated sides and containing confectionery products into the bottom of confectionery boxes Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0435020B1
EP0435020B1 EP90123112A EP90123112A EP0435020B1 EP 0435020 B1 EP0435020 B1 EP 0435020B1 EP 90123112 A EP90123112 A EP 90123112A EP 90123112 A EP90123112 A EP 90123112A EP 0435020 B1 EP0435020 B1 EP 0435020B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
paper cases
cassettes
paper
chocolate
filled
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90123112A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0435020A1 (en
Inventor
Gerhard Schubert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Gerhard Schubert GmbH
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Gerhard Schubert GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gerhard Schubert GmbH filed Critical Gerhard Schubert GmbH
Priority to AT90123112T priority Critical patent/ATE102565T1/en
Publication of EP0435020A1 publication Critical patent/EP0435020A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0435020B1 publication Critical patent/EP0435020B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B5/00—Packaging individual articles in containers or receptacles, e.g. bags, sacks, boxes, cartons, cans, jars
    • B65B5/10—Filling containers or receptacles progressively or in stages by introducing successive articles, or layers of articles
    • B65B5/12—Introducing successive articles, e.g. confectionery products, of different shape or size in predetermined positions

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for inserting chocolates inserted into paper bowls with a raised, pleated edge into the bottom part of chocolate boxes, with cassettes or the like moving cassettes moved by a conveyor belt, a device for inserting the paper bowls into the recesses of the cassettes , a device for inserting the chocolates into the paper bowls and a device for transferring the paper bowls filled with chocolates into the bottom part of a box of chocolates.
  • inserts consisting of deep-drawn plastic films are inserted into the bottom part of chocolate boxes, which have trough-shaped depressions for receiving the chocolate candies.
  • Such plastic inserts have a significant impact on household waste and the environment.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of creating a device of the type in question which is of simple and uncomplicated construction and enables rational packaging of chocolates used in paper bowls at high working speed.
  • the cassettes used have grooves extending from one side to the other, between which there are webs, in which, at those points where the paper bowls are located, lateral bulges which are opposite one another are arranged and into which the paper bowls protrude with their raised, pleated edge and are thus also positioned at the point in question.
  • the device has a conveyor belt 11, by means of which the cassettes 12 placed on the station I at a certain distance from one another are moved.
  • the cassettes 12 have a bottom 13 which carries strip-shaped webs 14 which are arranged parallel to one another and which extend from the one side A of the cassette 12 to the opposite side B, so that there are grooves 15 between them which extend to the sides A and B are open.
  • the webs 14 there are bulges 16 which are arranged at regular intervals from one another and serve to receive a part 17 of the upstanding, pleated edge 18 of the paper bowls 19.
  • the cassettes 12 are placed on the conveyor belt 11 in such a way that the webs 14 or the grooves 15 extend transversely to the longitudinal and moving direction of the conveyor belt 11.
  • the paper bowls 19 are inserted into the grooves 15 between the webs 14, their edge part 17 projecting into the bulges 16 in the webs 14. As a result, the bowls 19 are positioned exactly.
  • the cassette 12 is fed to the transfer station IV.
  • the paper bowls 19 filled with chocolates 20 are moved along the grooves 15 between the webs 14 of the cassette 12 by means of a slide 24.
  • tines 25 arranged on the slide 24 protrude into the grooves 15, the tines (25) abutting the rearmost paper cups 19.
  • the interior of the calibration frame 23 corresponds to the size of the interior of the bottom part of the chocolate package to be filled, in which the chocolate bowls 19 filled with chocolate are later inserted; but it is also smaller than the base area circumscribed by the paper cups 19 stored on the cassettes 12. When the paper bowls 19 are moved into the calibration frame 23, they are pushed together.
  • a preferably transparent cover plate 26 In order to avoid rising of the praline-filled paper bowls 19 during the displacement, they are covered by a preferably transparent cover plate 26 during the displacement process.
  • the calibration frame can be used to facilitate the displacement of the paper bowls 19 and their squeezing together in a narrower space 23 in oscillating vibrations, preferably transversely to the direction of insertion, which is done for example by means of a crank mechanism 27 or in another suitable manner. It is also advantageous to set the base plate 28 in oscillating vibrations below the calibration frame 23.
  • praline-filled paper bowls 19 are in a cassette 12 in the calibration frame 23, they are transferred in the usual way into the base part of a praline pack using known devices.

Abstract

The device has cassettes, moved by a conveyor belt, with troughs or the like accommodating the paper cups, a device for placing the paper cups into the troughs of the cassettes, a device for inserting the confectionary products into the paper cups, and a device for transferring the paper cups, filled with confectionary products, into the bottom of a confectionary box, and in said device the cassettes (12) have grooves (13) extending from one side (A) to the other side (B), between which are lands (14) in which, at those points at which the paper cups are located, lateral swellings (16), which are in each case opposite each other, are arranged. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Einbringen von in Papiernäpfe mit hochstehendem, plissiertem Rand eingesetzten Pralinen in das Bodenteil von Pralinenschachteln, mit von einem Transportband bewegten Kassetten mit die Papiernäpfe aufnehmenden Mulden od.dgl., einer Einrichtung zum Einsetzen der Papiernäpfe in die Mulden der Kassetten, einer Einrichtung zum Einsetzen der Pralinen in die Papiernäpfe und einer Einrichtung zum Überführen der mit Pralinen gefüllten Papiernäpfe in das Bodenteil einer Pralinenschachtel.The invention relates to a device for inserting chocolates inserted into paper bowls with a raised, pleated edge into the bottom part of chocolate boxes, with cassettes or the like moving cassettes moved by a conveyor belt, a device for inserting the paper bowls into the recesses of the cassettes , a device for inserting the chocolates into the paper bowls and a device for transferring the paper bowls filled with chocolates into the bottom part of a box of chocolates.

Üblicherweise werden in das Bodenteil von Pralinenschachteln aus tiefgezogenen Kunststoffolien bestehende Einsätze eingebracht, welche muldenförmige Vertiefungen für die Aufnahme der Pralinen aufweisen. Derartige Kunststoffeinsätze belasten den Hausmüll und die Umwelt nicht unbeträchtlich.Usually, inserts consisting of deep-drawn plastic films are inserted into the bottom part of chocolate boxes, which have trough-shaped depressions for receiving the chocolate candies. Such plastic inserts have a significant impact on household waste and the environment.

Um dies zu vermeiden, wird vorgeschlagen, anstelle der die Pralinen aufnehmenden Kunststoffeinsätze Papiernäpfe mit hochstehendem, plissiertem Rand zu verwenden, die an sich bekannt sind und auch bereits für die Aufnahme von Pralinen eingesetzt werden, jedoch im wesentlichen bei der manuellen Fertigung von Pralinen und deren Verpackung von Hand.To avoid this, it is proposed to use paper bowls with a raised, pleated edge instead of the plastic inserts receiving the chocolates, which are known per se and are already used for receiving chocolates, but essentially in the manual production of chocolates and theirs Packaging by hand.

Es ist auch bereits bekanntgeworden (GB-A-874 918), zum Zwecke des Verpackens von Pralinen in mittels diese aufnehmenden Näpfen Kassetten zu verwenden, in welchen sich Löcher bzw. Mulden befinden, in die die Näpfe eingesetzt werden. Zum Zwecke des Einbringens der mit Pralinen gefüllten Näpfe in eine Pralinenschachtel ist es jedoch notwendig, diese aus den Löchern oder den Mulden in der Kassette mittels vertikal bewegbarer Stempel herauszuheben, um sie dann in das Bodenteil einer Pralinenschachtel einzusetzen. Diese bekannten Vorrichtungen sind jedoch verhältnismäßig kompliziert in ihrem Aufbau und störanfällig, was Betriebsunterbrechungen der Verpackungsanlage sowie Ausschuß zur Folge hat.It has also already become known (GB-A-874 918) to use cassettes for the purpose of packing chocolates in cups which receive them and in which there are holes or depressions into which the cups are inserted. For the purpose of However, if the bowls filled with chocolates are placed in a box of chocolates, it is necessary to lift them out of the holes or troughs in the cassette by means of vertically movable stamps, in order then to insert them into the bottom part of a box of chocolates. However, these known devices are relatively complicated in their construction and prone to failure, which leads to interruptions in the operation of the packaging system and waste.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Vorrichtung der in Betracht kommenden Art zu schaffen, die einfacher und unkomplizierter aufgebaut ist und ein rationelles Verpacken von in Papiernäpfe eingesetzten Pralinen bei hoher Arbeitsgeschwindigkeit ermöglicht.The invention is therefore based on the object of creating a device of the type in question which is of simple and uncomplicated construction and enables rational packaging of chocolates used in paper bowls at high working speed.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe wird vorgeschlagen, daß die zur Anwendung gelangenden Kassetten sich von einer Seite zur anderen Seite erstreckende Nuten aufweisen, zwischen welchen sich Stege befinden, in welchen an denjenigen Stellen, an welchen sich die Papiernäpfe befinden, seitliche, sich jeweils einander gegenüberliegende Ausbuchtungen angeordnet sind und in welche die Papiernäpfe mit ihrem hochstehenden, plissierten Rand hineinragen und damit auch an der jeweils in Betracht kommenden Stelle positioniert sind.To solve this problem, it is proposed that the cassettes used have grooves extending from one side to the other, between which there are webs, in which, at those points where the paper bowls are located, lateral bulges which are opposite one another are arranged and into which the paper bowls protrude with their raised, pleated edge and are thus also positioned at the point in question.

Weitere Merkmale der erfindungsgemäß ausgebildeten Vorrichtung gehen aus den Unteransprüchen und aus der nachstehenden Beschreibung eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels hervor, das in den Figuren 1 und 2 der Zeichnung dargestellt ist. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine Aufsicht auf die gemäß der Erfindung ausgebildete Vorrichtung zum Einbringen von in Papiernäpfe mit hochstehendem, plissiertem Rand eingesetzten Pralinen in das Bodenteil von Pralinenschachteln, und
Fig. 2
einen Querschnitt durch ein Teilstück einer erfindungsgemäß ausgebildeten Kassette.
Further features of the device designed according to the invention are evident from the subclaims and from the following description of a preferred exemplary embodiment, which is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 of the drawing. Show it:
Fig. 1
a plan view of the device designed according to the invention for introducing in Paper bowls with a raised, pleated edge, chocolates inserted into the bottom part of boxes of chocolates, and
Fig. 2
a cross section through a portion of a cassette designed according to the invention.

Wie aus Fig. 1 ersichtlich, weist die Vorrichtung ein Transportband 11 auf, mittels dessen die an der Station I auf dieses in bestimmtem Abstand voneinander aufgelegten Kassetten 12 bewegt werden.As can be seen from FIG. 1, the device has a conveyor belt 11, by means of which the cassettes 12 placed on the station I at a certain distance from one another are moved.

Die Kassetten 12 besitzen einen Boden 13, welcher leistenförmige Stege 14 trägt, die parallel zueinander angeordnet sind und die sich von der einen Seite A der Kassette 12 zur gegenüberliegenden Seite B erstrecken, so daß sich zwischen ihnen Nuten 15 befinden, die zu den Seiten A und B hin offen sind. In den Stegen 14 befinden sich in gleichmäßigen Abständen voneinander angeordnete Ausbuchtungen 16, die der Aufnahme eines Teils 17 des hochstehenden, plissierten Randes 18 der Papiernäpfe 19 dienen. Die Kassetten 12 werden derart auf das Transportband 11 aufgelegt, daß sich die Stege 14 bzw. die Nuten 15 quer zur Längs- und Bewegungsrichtung des Transportbandes 11 erstrecken.The cassettes 12 have a bottom 13 which carries strip-shaped webs 14 which are arranged parallel to one another and which extend from the one side A of the cassette 12 to the opposite side B, so that there are grooves 15 between them which extend to the sides A and B are open. In the webs 14 there are bulges 16 which are arranged at regular intervals from one another and serve to receive a part 17 of the upstanding, pleated edge 18 of the paper bowls 19. The cassettes 12 are placed on the conveyor belt 11 in such a way that the webs 14 or the grooves 15 extend transversely to the longitudinal and moving direction of the conveyor belt 11.

Im Bereich der Papiernapf-Beschickungs-Station II werden die Papiernäpfe 19 in die Nuten 15 zwischen den Stegen 14 eingesetzt, wobei sie mit ihrem Randteil 17 in die Ausbuchtungen 16 in den Stegen 14 hineinragen. Dadurch sind die Näpfe 19 exakt positioniert.In the area of the paper bowl loading station II, the paper bowls 19 are inserted into the grooves 15 between the webs 14, their edge part 17 projecting into the bulges 16 in the webs 14. As a result, the bowls 19 are positioned exactly.

Im Bereich der Pralinenfüll-Station III werden mittels eines Transportbandes 21 Pralinen 20 herangefördert. Dortselbst wird in einen jeden von der Kassette 12 getragenen Papiernapf 19 eine Praline 20 eingelegt. Hierzu dient eine an sich bekannte Roboter-Einrichtung 22, welche die Pralinen 20 vom Transportband 21 abnimmt und sie zu den einzelnen Papiernäpfen 19 verbringt, in welche sie sie ablegt.In the area of the chocolate filling station III, 21 chocolate candies 20 are brought up by means of a conveyor belt. There yourself a praline 20 is inserted into each paper bowl 19 carried by the cassette 12. For this purpose, a robot device 22 known per se is used, which removes the chocolates 20 from the conveyor belt 21 and transfers them to the individual paper bowls 19, in which they place them.

Nachdem alle Papiernäpfe 19 mit Pralinen 20 gefüllt sind, wird die Kassette 12 der übergabestation IV zugeführt. An dieser befindet sich seitlich der Transportbahn der Kassetten 12 ein einseitig offener Kalibrierrahmen 23, dessen offene Seite der Kassette 12 zugewandt ist. An dieser übergabestation IV werden die mit Pralinen 20 gefüllten Papiernäpfe 19 mittels eines Schiebers 24 längs der Nuten 15 zwischen den Stegen 14 der Kassette 12 verschoben. Hierzu ragen an dem Schieber 24 angeordnete Zinken 25 in die Nuten 15 hinein, wobei die Zinken (25) an den jeweils hintersten Papiernäpfen 19 anliegen.After all the paper bowls 19 are filled with chocolates 20, the cassette 12 is fed to the transfer station IV. A calibration frame 23, which is open on one side and whose open side faces the cassette 12, is located on the side of the transport path of the cassettes 12. At this transfer station IV, the paper bowls 19 filled with chocolates 20 are moved along the grooves 15 between the webs 14 of the cassette 12 by means of a slide 24. For this purpose, tines 25 arranged on the slide 24 protrude into the grooves 15, the tines (25) abutting the rearmost paper cups 19.

Der Innenraum des Kalibrierrahmens 23 entspricht der Größe des Innenraums des Bodenteils der zu füllenden Pralinenpackung, in welchen später die pralinengefüllten Papiernäpfe 19 eingesetzt werden; er ist aber auch kleiner als die von den auf den Kassetten 12 lagernden Papiernäpfen 19 umschriebenen Grundfläche. Beim Verschieben der Papiernäpfe 19 in den Kalibrierrahmen 23 hinein werden diese zusammengedrängt.The interior of the calibration frame 23 corresponds to the size of the interior of the bottom part of the chocolate package to be filled, in which the chocolate bowls 19 filled with chocolate are later inserted; but it is also smaller than the base area circumscribed by the paper cups 19 stored on the cassettes 12. When the paper bowls 19 are moved into the calibration frame 23, they are pushed together.

Um während des Verschiebens ein Hochsteigen der pralinengefüllten Papiernäpfe 19 zu vermeiden, sind diese während des Verschiebevorgangs durch eine vorzugsweise transparente Deckplatte 26 abgedeckt.In order to avoid rising of the praline-filled paper bowls 19 during the displacement, they are covered by a preferably transparent cover plate 26 during the displacement process.

Zur Erleichterung des Verschiebens der Papiernäpfe 19 und deren Zusammendrängens auf engerem Raum, kann der Kalibrierrahmen 23 in oszillierende Schwingungen, vorzugsweise quer zur Einschubrichtung, versetzt werden, was beispielsweise mittels eines Kurbeltriebs 27 oder in anderer geeigneter Weise geschieht. Vorteilhaft ist es fernerhin auch, die Bodenplatte 28 unterhalb des Kalibrierrahmens 23 in oszillierende Schwingungen zu versetzen.The calibration frame can be used to facilitate the displacement of the paper bowls 19 and their squeezing together in a narrower space 23 in oscillating vibrations, preferably transversely to the direction of insertion, which is done for example by means of a crank mechanism 27 or in another suitable manner. It is also advantageous to set the base plate 28 in oscillating vibrations below the calibration frame 23.

Sobald sich die pralinengefüllten Papiernäpfe 19 in einer Kassette 12 im Kalibrierrahmen 23 befinden, werden diese in üblicher Weise unter Einsatz bekannter Einrichtungen in das Bodenteil einer Pralinenpackung überführt.As soon as the praline-filled paper bowls 19 are in a cassette 12 in the calibration frame 23, they are transferred in the usual way into the base part of a praline pack using known devices.

Claims (5)

  1. Device by which chocolate creams 20 inserted into paper cases 19 with vertical pleated edges 18 are introduced into the bottoms of chocolate boxes, with cassettes 12 moved by a conveyor band 11 and with troughs or the like, an apparatus for inserting the paper cases into the troughs of the cassettes, an apparatus for inserting the chocolate creams into the paper cases and an apparatus for transferring the paper cases filled with chocolate creams into the bottom of a chocolate box, characterized by the fact that the cassettes 12 are provided with grooves 15 which extend from one side A to the other side B and between which ridges 14 are present in which in the places where the paper cases 19 are situated lateral in dentations 16 opposite one another are provided, the paper cases extending into them by their vertical pleated edges.
  2. Device in accordance with Claim 1, characterized by a calibrating frame 23 which accommodates paper cases 19 filled with chocolate creams 20 and which is open on one side and into which, in the zone of a transfer station IV, the paper cases 19, filled with chocolate creams, can be introduced by means of slide 24 which is provided with prongs 25 which engage the grooves 15 of the cassettes 12 and which pushes the paper cases 19 in the grooves 15 and then out of them into the calibrating frame 23.
  3. Device in accordance with Claim 2, characterized by a preferably transparent covering plate 26 provided above the paper cases 19 filled with chocolate creams.
  4. Device in accordance with Claim 2 or 3, characterized by the fact that the calibrating frame can be caused to perform oscillating vibrations transversally to the insertion motion of the paper cases 19.
  5. Device in accordance with Claim 2,3 or 4, charactized by the fact that the base plate 28 can be caused to perform oscillating vibrations underneath the calibrating frame 23.
EP90123112A 1989-12-28 1990-12-03 Device for packing paper cups with vertical pleated sides and containing confectionery products into the bottom of confectionery boxes Expired - Lifetime EP0435020B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT90123112T ATE102565T1 (en) 1989-12-28 1990-12-03 DEVICE FOR INSTALLING CHOCOLATES INSERTED IN PAPER CUPS WITH UPSTANDING, PLEATED RIM INTO THE BASE OF CHOCOLATE BOXES.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3943213A DE3943213A1 (en) 1989-12-28 1989-12-28 DEVICE FOR PUTTING PRALINES INSERTED IN PAPER BOWLS WITH HIGH-STANDING, PLISSED EDGE IN THE BASE OF CHOCOLATE BOXES
DE3943213 1989-12-28

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0435020A1 EP0435020A1 (en) 1991-07-03
EP0435020B1 true EP0435020B1 (en) 1994-03-09

Family

ID=6396563

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90123112A Expired - Lifetime EP0435020B1 (en) 1989-12-28 1990-12-03 Device for packing paper cups with vertical pleated sides and containing confectionery products into the bottom of confectionery boxes

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5129214A (en)
EP (1) EP0435020B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE102565T1 (en)
CA (1) CA2032820A1 (en)
DE (2) DE3943213A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102004006375A1 (en) * 2004-02-09 2005-09-15 Uhlmann Pac-Systeme Gmbh & Co Kg Method and device for transferring products from a storage vessel into the wells of a film
CN110143320A (en) * 2019-07-04 2019-08-20 王先勤 A kind of intelligence watercolor pencil packing mounted box instrument

Family Cites Families (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2636592A (en) * 1948-04-29 1953-04-28 American Can Co Machine for feeding and positioning containers in a desired pattern arrangement
US2886927A (en) * 1955-08-08 1959-05-19 Bianchi Co Cupping and packaging method and apparatus for fragile food products
US2907158A (en) * 1956-02-09 1959-10-06 Int Resistance Co Packaging apparatus
GB874918A (en) * 1958-06-16 1961-08-16 Forgrove Mach Improvements in packaging apparatus
US2935216A (en) * 1958-12-24 1960-05-03 Patt William Feeding of sugar tablets to wrapping machines
US3001344A (en) * 1959-06-16 1961-09-26 Forgrove Mach Packaging apparatus
US3244123A (en) * 1963-05-22 1966-04-05 Sebastian J Pestritto Baker's peel and proofing board
DE1229442B (en) * 1964-04-08 1966-11-24 Us Industries Inc Method and device for packing chocolates or other items in cardboard boxes
US3601948A (en) * 1970-01-06 1971-08-31 Multicup Automation Co Inc Method and apparatus for packing candy in boxes
DE2352098A1 (en) * 1973-10-17 1975-04-30 Union Deutsche Lebensmittelwer PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR PACKING AN ASSORTMENT
CH605255A5 (en) * 1975-10-27 1978-09-29 Sapal Plieuses Automatiques
DE2601832A1 (en) * 1976-01-20 1977-07-21 Haensel Otto Gmbh Packaging for confectionery or biscuits - has foodstuff placed in paper cups and compressed as group to fit into container box
SU575274A1 (en) * 1976-03-22 1977-10-05 Украниский Научно-Исследовательский И Конструкторский Институт Продовольственного Машиностроения Device for arranging articles by groups
SU599791A1 (en) * 1976-12-25 1978-03-30 Гомельское Производственное Объединение Кондитерской Промышленности "Спартак" Feeder of caramels into wrapping machine
DE2748138C2 (en) * 1977-10-27 1983-04-21 Sapal S.A. des Plieuses Automatiques, 1024 Ecublens, Vaud Method and device for filling praline mixes into a box
DE3507656A1 (en) * 1985-03-05 1986-09-11 Otto Hänsel GmbH, 3000 Hannover Process and apparatus for the ordered introduction of confectionary articles, especially chocolates, into a packaging box

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59004914D1 (en) 1994-04-14
ATE102565T1 (en) 1994-03-15
US5129214A (en) 1992-07-14
DE3943213A1 (en) 1991-07-04
CA2032820A1 (en) 1991-06-29
EP0435020A1 (en) 1991-07-03

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