EP0434599B1 - Premixing gas burner - Google Patents

Premixing gas burner Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0434599B1
EP0434599B1 EP90710038A EP90710038A EP0434599B1 EP 0434599 B1 EP0434599 B1 EP 0434599B1 EP 90710038 A EP90710038 A EP 90710038A EP 90710038 A EP90710038 A EP 90710038A EP 0434599 B1 EP0434599 B1 EP 0434599B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gas
mixing
air
nozzle
burner
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90710038A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0434599A1 (en
Inventor
Hans-Albrecht Kohlmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
N.V. VAILLANT S.A.
Vaillant Austria GmbH
Vaillant GmbH
Vaillant SARL
Vaillant Ltd
Original Assignee
Vaillant Austria GmbH
Nv Vaillant Sa
Joh Vaillant GmbH and Co
Vaillant GmbH
Vaillant SARL
Vaillant Ltd
Vaillant BV
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Publication date
Application filed by Vaillant Austria GmbH, Nv Vaillant Sa, Joh Vaillant GmbH and Co, Vaillant GmbH, Vaillant SARL, Vaillant Ltd, Vaillant BV filed Critical Vaillant Austria GmbH
Publication of EP0434599A1 publication Critical patent/EP0434599A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0434599B1 publication Critical patent/EP0434599B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23DBURNERS
    • F23D14/00Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/60Devices for simultaneous control of gas and combustion air
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23DBURNERS
    • F23D14/00Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/02Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone
    • F23D14/04Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner
    • F23D14/10Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner with elongated tubular burner head
    • F23D14/105Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner with elongated tubular burner head with injector axis parallel to the burner head axis

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a premix gas burner for a fuel-heated heat source provided with a combustion chamber, having at least one burner tube, a mixing tube and a gas nozzle which injects gas into the mixing tube while drawing in primary air, and with a blower in the supply air or exhaust gas duct, wherein the combustion chamber has a secondary air inlet which can be closed by a flap and is connected to a control device which opens the flap when the engine is at a standstill.
  • Such a premix gas burner for a fuel-heated heat source is general state of the art, the fan is provided either in the exhaust duct or in the supply air path.
  • the present invention is based on the object of being able to operate a premix gas burner properly even if the fan fails.
  • the object of the invention is that the gas nozzle is followed by a mixing nozzle, which forms the outlet of a mixing chamber leading to the mixing tube, to which the supply air line provided with the blower is connected.
  • This configuration makes it possible to compensate for the lack of air which actually arises by increasing the supply of secondary air via the adjustable secondary air flap if the fan fails.
  • the burner can be operated as a pure primary air burner with complete air premixing when the fan is intact, whereas the burner can be operated with both primary air and secondary air if the fan fails with only slightly poorer efficiency, but with higher nitrogen oxide formation.
  • a premix gas burner 1 is arranged within a combustion chamber 2 of a fuel-heated heat source, such as a boiler.
  • the premix gas burner has at least one burner tube 3, which is connected to a mixing tube 4, which begins in an injector 5.
  • flames 7 form above mixture outlet openings, which pass through a heat exchanger 8 which is connected to a return line 9 and a flow line 10, which are part of a heating system, not shown, which is provided with a circulation pump.
  • the combustion chamber 2 is closed downstream of the heat exchanger on the exhaust gas side by an exhaust gas collecting hood 11, to which an exhaust gas duct 12 is connected, which is provided with a flow safety device 13 and is guided via the final outlet 14 to a chimney (not shown).
  • the combustion chamber has a secondary air inlet 15 which can be sealed by a plate 16 which can be closed by a motor 18 against the action of a tension spring 17.
  • the motor 18 is acted upon via a control line 19 by a control device 20, which can be part of an already existing flow temperature controller.
  • One or more gas nozzles 21 are assigned to the injector (s) 5, each injector has a separate gas nozzle.
  • the gas nozzle is provided in a housing 22.
  • the housing 22 forms a first chamber 23, the outlet of which forms the gas nozzle 21 and into which a gas supply line 25 provided with a valve 24 opens.
  • the gas valve is controlled by a magnet 26 with two points or modulating, the control line 27 connects the controller 20 to the magnet.
  • the gas nozzle 21 blows into a mixing chamber 28, the outlet of which is formed by a mixing nozzle 29 which blows directly into the injector 5.
  • a supply air line 31 provided with a blower 30 opens into the mixing chamber 28.
  • a motor 32 of the blower is connected to the controller 20 via a drive line 33.
  • each gas nozzle 21 blows into a mixing chamber 28 which blows the outlet from this mixing nozzle 29 into the associated one Injector 5 a.
  • the ratio of the diameter of the mixing nozzle 29 to the gas nozzle 21, that is to say d2 / d1 behaves like 2: 1 to 5: 1.
  • the length L of the distance between the two nozzles or the longitudinal extent of the mixing chamber 28 is at least 10 mm and ranges up to about 60 mm when using natural gas in a power range such as 50 kW per burner tube.
  • the diameter d3 of the injector 4 is between 15 to 40 mm.
  • the premix gas burner just described has the following function:
  • the flap 16 closes the opening while overcoming the restoring action of the tension spring 17.
  • gas is supplied to the chamber 23 since the gas pressure is higher than the air pressure.
  • gas is mixed with primary air and blown as a primary air gas mixture into the injector 5 of the mixing tube while entraining further primary air. This air flow is dimensioned so that it is completely for the combustion of the gas is sufficient. No additional air needs to be supplied to the combustion chamber 2.
  • control device 20 results in a command to de-energize motor 18, which can be designed as a simple electromagnet.
  • the secondary air flap 16 opens under the action of the tension spring 17. This means that the mixing chamber 28 becomes ineffective, the gas nozzle 21 immediately blows gas without mixed primary air from the mixing chamber 28 into the injector 5, from the annular gap between the mixing nozzle 29 and the injector however, primary air is entrained.
  • the proportion of primary air is nowhere near as high as with the blower support, which is why (further) secondary air, which is supplied via the opening 15, is necessary for the complete combustion of the gas-air mixture. This enables the burner to continue to operate, albeit with greater nitrogen oxide formation.
  • the pressure in the mixing chamber 28 should never be higher than 0.5 mbar. In this way it is ensured that no air can enter the gas lines.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)

Abstract

Premixing gas burner for a fuel-heated heat source with a combustion chamber, with at least one burner pipe, one mixing pipe and one gas nozzle which, drawing in primary air, injects gas into the mixing pipe, and with a blower in the incoming air or the waste gas guide. A mixing nozzle (29) is connected downstream of the gas nozzle (21) and forms the outlet, leading to the mixing pipe (4), of a mixing chamber (28), to which the air pipe (31) provided with the blower (30) is connected. The combustion chamber (2) forms a secondary air inlet (15) which can be closed by a flap (16). <IMAGE>

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen Vormischgasbrenner für eine mit einem Brennraum versehene brennstoffbeheizte Wärmequelle mit wenigstens einem Brennerrohr, einem Mischrohr und einer Gasdüse, die Gas unter Ansaugung von Primärluft in das Mischrohr einbläst, und mit einem Gebläse in der Zuluft- oder Abgasführung, wobei der Brennraum einen durch eine Klappe verschließbaren Sekundärlufteinlaß aufweist, welcher mit einer Steuereinrichtung verbunden ist, die die Klappe bei Motorstillstand öffnet.The present invention relates to a premix gas burner for a fuel-heated heat source provided with a combustion chamber, having at least one burner tube, a mixing tube and a gas nozzle which injects gas into the mixing tube while drawing in primary air, and with a blower in the supply air or exhaust gas duct, wherein the combustion chamber has a secondary air inlet which can be closed by a flap and is connected to a control device which opens the flap when the engine is at a standstill.

Ein solcher Vormischgasbrenner für eine brennstoffbeheizte Wärmequelle ist allgemeiner Stand der Technik, das Gebläse ist entweder im Abgaskanal oder im Zuluftweg vorgesehen.Such a premix gas burner for a fuel-heated heat source is general state of the art, the fan is provided either in the exhaust duct or in the supply air path.

Diese Geräte arbeiten recht befriedigend, solange das Gebläse intakt ist. Fällt das Gebläse aus, so leidet die Hygiene der Verbrennung sehr stark, beziehungsweise das Gerät schaltet wegen Luftmangel bei einer Abgasüberwachung ab.These devices work quite satisfactorily as long as the fan is intact. If the fan fails, it suffers The hygiene of the combustion is very strong, or the device switches off due to lack of air when monitoring the exhaust gas.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Vormischgasbrenner auch bei Ausfall des Gebläses einwandfrei betreiben zu können.The present invention is based on the object of being able to operate a premix gas burner properly even if the fan fails.

Die Lösung der Aufgabe liegt erfindungsgemäß darin, daß der Gasdüse eine Mischdüse nachgeschaltet ist, welche den zum Mischrohr führenden Auslaß einer Mischkammer bildet, an welche die mit dem Gebläse versehene Zuluftleitung angeschlossen ist.The object of the invention is that the gas nozzle is followed by a mixing nozzle, which forms the outlet of a mixing chamber leading to the mixing tube, to which the supply air line provided with the blower is connected.

Durch diese Ausgestaltung ist es möglich, bei Ausfall des Gebläses den eigentlich entstehenden Luftmangel durch eine verstärkte Zuführung von Sekundärluft über die verstellbare Sekundärluftklappe auszugleichen. Auf diese Weise gelingt das Betreiben des Brenners bei intaktem Gebläse als reiner Primärluftbrenner mit vollständiger Luftvormischung, hingegen das Betreiben des Brenners sowohl mit Primärluft als auch mit Sekundärluft bei Ausfall des Gebläses bei nur wenig schlechterem Wirkungsgrad, allerdings unter Inkaufnahme höherer Stickoxydbildung.This configuration makes it possible to compensate for the lack of air which actually arises by increasing the supply of secondary air via the adjustable secondary air flap if the fan fails. In this way, the burner can be operated as a pure primary air burner with complete air premixing when the fan is intact, whereas the burner can be operated with both primary air and secondary air if the fan fails with only slightly poorer efficiency, but with higher nitrogen oxide formation.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel wird im folgenden anhand der Figuren 1 und 2 der Zeichnung näher erläutert.An embodiment is explained below with reference to Figures 1 and 2 of the drawing.

Es zeigen:

  • Figur 1 eine schematische Darstellung eines Vormischgasbrenners in einer Feuerstätte und
  • Figur 2 schematisch die Durchmesser- und Abstandsanordnungen der Düsen und des Mischrohres.
Show it:
  • Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a premix gas burner in a fireplace and
  • Figure 2 schematically shows the diameter and spacing arrangements of the nozzles and the mixing tube.

Ein Vormischgasbrenner 1 ist innerhalb einer Brennkammer 2 einer brennstoffbeheizten Wärmequelle, wie zum Beispiel eines Kessels, angeordnet. Der Vormischgasbrenner weist wenigstens ein Brennerrohr 3 auf, das mit einem Mischrohr 4 verbunden ist, das seinen Anfang in einem Injektor 5 nimmt. An der Oberseite 6 des Brennerrohres bilden sich oberhalb von Gemischaustrittsöffnungen Flammen 7 aus, die durch einen Wärmetauscher 8 streichen, der an eine Rücklaufleitung 9 und eine Vorlaufleitung 10 angeschlossen ist, die Teil eines nicht weiter dargestellten mit einer Umwälzpumpe versehenen Heizsystems sind. Der Brennraum 2 ist stromab des Wärmetauschers abgasseitig abgeschlossen durch eine Abgassammelhaube 11, an die sich ein Abgaskanal 12 anschließt, der mit einer Strömungssicherung 13 versehen ist und über den endgültigen Auslaß 14 zu einem nicht weiter dargestellten Kamin geführt ist. Unterhalb des oder allgemeiner formuliert sämtlicher Brennerrohre 3 weist der Brennraum einen Sekundärlufteinlaß 15 auf, der von einer Platte 16 abdichtbar ist, die gegen die Wirkung einer Zugfeder 17 von einem Motor 18 schließbar ist. Der Motor 18 wird über eine Stelleitung 19 von einer Steuervorrichtung 20 beaufschlagt, die Teil eines ohnehin vorhandenen Vorlauftemperaturreglers sein kann.A premix gas burner 1 is arranged within a combustion chamber 2 of a fuel-heated heat source, such as a boiler. The premix gas burner has at least one burner tube 3, which is connected to a mixing tube 4, which begins in an injector 5. On the top 6 of the burner tube, flames 7 form above mixture outlet openings, which pass through a heat exchanger 8 which is connected to a return line 9 and a flow line 10, which are part of a heating system, not shown, which is provided with a circulation pump. The combustion chamber 2 is closed downstream of the heat exchanger on the exhaust gas side by an exhaust gas collecting hood 11, to which an exhaust gas duct 12 is connected, which is provided with a flow safety device 13 and is guided via the final outlet 14 to a chimney (not shown). Below the or, more generally, all burner tubes 3, the combustion chamber has a secondary air inlet 15 which can be sealed by a plate 16 which can be closed by a motor 18 against the action of a tension spring 17. The motor 18 is acted upon via a control line 19 by a control device 20, which can be part of an already existing flow temperature controller.

Dem oder den Injektoren 5 sind eine oder mehrere Gasdüsen 21 zugeordnet, jedem Injektor jeweils eine gesonderte Gasdüse. Die Gasdüse ist in einem Gehäuse 22 vorgesehen. Das Gehäuse 22 bildet eine erste Kammer 23, deren Auslaß die Gasdüse 21 bildet und in die eine mit einem Ventil 24 versehene Gaszufuhrleitung 25 mündet. Das Gasventil ist von einem Magneten 26 zweipunktmäßig oder modulierend beherrscht, die Ansteuerleitung 27 verbindet die Steuerung 20 mit dem Magneten. Die Gasdüse 21 bläst in eine Mischkammer 28, deren Auslaß von einer Mischdüse 29 gebildet ist, die unmittelbar in den Injektor 5 hineinbläst. In die Mischkammer 28 mündet eine mit einem Gebläse 30 versehene Zuluftleitung 31. Ein Motor 32 des Gebläses ist über eine Antriebsleitung 33 mit der Steuerung 20 verbunden.One or more gas nozzles 21 are assigned to the injector (s) 5, each injector has a separate gas nozzle. The gas nozzle is provided in a housing 22. The housing 22 forms a first chamber 23, the outlet of which forms the gas nozzle 21 and into which a gas supply line 25 provided with a valve 24 opens. The gas valve is controlled by a magnet 26 with two points or modulating, the control line 27 connects the controller 20 to the magnet. The gas nozzle 21 blows into a mixing chamber 28, the outlet of which is formed by a mixing nozzle 29 which blows directly into the injector 5. A supply air line 31 provided with a blower 30 opens into the mixing chamber 28. A motor 32 of the blower is connected to the controller 20 via a drive line 33.

Wesentlich ist, daß die Mittelachsen der Gasdüse 21 der Mischdüse 29 und des Injektors 5 miteinander fluchten. Jede Gasdüse 21 bläst in eine Mischkammer 28 ein, die den Auslaß von dieser bildende Mischdüse 29 bläst in den zugehörigen Injektor 5 ein.It is essential that the central axes of the gas nozzle 21, the mixing nozzle 29 and the injector 5 are aligned. Each gas nozzle 21 blows into a mixing chamber 28 which blows the outlet from this mixing nozzle 29 into the associated one Injector 5 a.

Aus der Figur 2 geht hervor, daß das Verhältnis der Durchmesser der Mischdüse 29 zur Gasdüse 21, also d₂/d₁ verhält wie 2: 1 bis 5: 1. Die Länge L des Abstandes beider Düsen oder auch die Längserstreckung der Mischkammer 28 beträgt mindestens 10 mm und reicht etwa bis 60 mm bei der Verwendung von Erdgas in einem Leistungsbereich wie 50 kW pro Brennerrohr. Der Druchmesser d₃ des Injektors 4 liegt zwischen 15 bis 40 mm.It can be seen from FIG. 2 that the ratio of the diameter of the mixing nozzle 29 to the gas nozzle 21, that is to say d₂ / d₁, behaves like 2: 1 to 5: 1. The length L of the distance between the two nozzles or the longitudinal extent of the mixing chamber 28 is at least 10 mm and ranges up to about 60 mm when using natural gas in a power range such as 50 kW per burner tube. The diameter d₃ of the injector 4 is between 15 to 40 mm.

Der eben beschriebene Vormischgasbrenner hat folgende Funktion:The premix gas burner just described has the following function:

Solange das Gebläse normal in Betrieb ist und Luft fördert, was durch eine Wirkdruckabfühlung oder durch Überwachung des Staudrucks an einer Staustelle abgefühlt werden kann, ist der Motor 18 unter Spannung, die Klappe 16 verschließt die Öffnung unter Überwindung der Rückstellwirkung der Zugfeder 17. Nach Öffnung des Gasventils 26/24 wird Gas der Kammer 23 zugeführt, da der Gasdruck höher ist als der Luftdruck. In der Mischkammer 28 wird Gas mit Primärluft vermischt und als Primärluftgasgemisch in den Injektor 5 des Mischrohres unter Mitreißung weiterer Primärluft eingeblasen. Dieser Luftdurchsatz ist so bemessen, daß er vollständig zur Verbrennung des Gases ausreicht. Dem Brennraum 2 braucht keine zusätzliche Luft zugeführt zu werden. Fällt das Gebläse aus oder wird keine Luft über die Leitung 31 gefördert, so resultiert von der Steuervorrichtung 20 ein Befehl zur Entregung des Motors 18, der als einfacher Elektromagnet ausgebildet sein kann. Die Sekundärluftklappe 16 öffnet unter der Wirkung der Zugfeder 17. Das bedeutet, daß die Mischkammer 28 wirkungslos wird, die Gasdüse 21 bläst unmittelbar Gas ohne beigemischte Primärluft aus der Mischkammer 28 in den Injektor 5 ein, aus dem Ringspalt zwischen der Mischdüse 29 und dem Injektor wird allerdings Primärluft mitgerissen. Der Primärluftanteil ist allerdings bei weitem nicht so hoch wie bei der Gebläseunterstützung, weshalb zum vollständigen Verbrennen des Gasluftgemisches (weitere) Sekundärluft notwendig ist, die über die Öffnung 15 zugeführ wird. Damit gelingt eine Aufrechterhaltung des Betriebes des Brenners, wenn auch unter größerer Stickoxydbildung.As long as the blower is operating normally and conveys air, which can be sensed by a differential pressure sensor or by monitoring the dynamic pressure at a stagnation point, the motor 18 is under tension, the flap 16 closes the opening while overcoming the restoring action of the tension spring 17. After opening of the gas valve 26/24, gas is supplied to the chamber 23 since the gas pressure is higher than the air pressure. In the mixing chamber 28, gas is mixed with primary air and blown as a primary air gas mixture into the injector 5 of the mixing tube while entraining further primary air. This air flow is dimensioned so that it is completely for the combustion of the gas is sufficient. No additional air needs to be supplied to the combustion chamber 2. If the blower fails or if no air is conveyed via line 31, control device 20 results in a command to de-energize motor 18, which can be designed as a simple electromagnet. The secondary air flap 16 opens under the action of the tension spring 17. This means that the mixing chamber 28 becomes ineffective, the gas nozzle 21 immediately blows gas without mixed primary air from the mixing chamber 28 into the injector 5, from the annular gap between the mixing nozzle 29 and the injector however, primary air is entrained. However, the proportion of primary air is nowhere near as high as with the blower support, which is why (further) secondary air, which is supplied via the opening 15, is necessary for the complete combustion of the gas-air mixture. This enables the burner to continue to operate, albeit with greater nitrogen oxide formation.

Wesentlich ist noch, daß in der Mischkammer 28 nie ein höherer Druck als 0,5 mbar vorhanden sein darf. Auf diese Art und Weise ist sichergestellt, daß keine Luft in die Gasleitungen eindringen kann.It is also important that the pressure in the mixing chamber 28 should never be higher than 0.5 mbar. In this way it is ensured that no air can enter the gas lines.

Claims (1)

  1. A premixing gas ourner for a fuel-firing heat source, which comprises a cornoustion chamoer, which burner comprises at least one burner tube, a mixing tuoe and a gas nozzle, which blows the gas into the mixing tuue so as to suck primary air, and a fan in the air supply or exhaust gas passage, wherein the combustion chamber is provided with a secondary air inlet, which is adapted to be closed by a flap and communicates with control means for opening the flap upon a stoppage of the motor, characterized in that the gas nozzle (21) is succeeded by a mixing nozzle (29), which constitutes an outlet of a mixing chamber (28), which outlet leads to the mixing tube (4), and the air supply line (31) that is provided with the fan (30) is connected to the mixing chamber.
EP90710038A 1989-12-22 1990-12-21 Premixing gas burner Expired - Lifetime EP0434599B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT0291589A AT393888B (en) 1989-12-22 1989-12-22 PRE-MIXED GAS BURNER
AT2915/89 1989-12-22

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0434599A1 EP0434599A1 (en) 1991-06-26
EP0434599B1 true EP0434599B1 (en) 1994-02-02

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ID=3542316

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90710038A Expired - Lifetime EP0434599B1 (en) 1989-12-22 1990-12-21 Premixing gas burner

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Country Link
EP (1) EP0434599B1 (en)
AT (2) AT393888B (en)
DE (2) DE59004514D1 (en)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT1256091B (en) * 1992-11-02 1995-11-27 Enrico Sebastiani GAS COMBUSTION APPLIANCE WITH AN ATMOSPHERIC BURNER AND METHOD FOR ITS SUPPLY
DE4436021A1 (en) * 1994-06-03 1996-04-11 Buderus Heiztechnik Gmbh Atmospheric gas burner
DE19822336C2 (en) * 1998-05-19 2001-08-16 Bosch Gmbh Robert Device for operating an atmospheric, in particular fully premixed gas burner
DE102006014082B4 (en) * 2006-03-28 2008-10-02 Robert Bosch Gmbh gas burner
DE102019216769A1 (en) * 2019-10-30 2021-05-06 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fully or partially premixing burner for a gaseous fuel with a very high flame speed

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE553743C (en) * 1930-05-21 1932-06-30 Senkingwerk A G Control device for gas stoves with combined compressed air gas and low pressure gas heating
DE3803092C1 (en) * 1988-02-03 1989-04-27 Stiebel Eltron Gmbh & Co Kg, 3450 Holzminden, De Mixing nozzle of a gas burner for a gas heating appliance

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATA291589A (en) 1991-06-15
EP0434599A1 (en) 1991-06-26
ATE101252T1 (en) 1994-02-15
AT393888B (en) 1991-12-27
DE59004514D1 (en) 1994-03-17
DE9017295U1 (en) 1991-03-14

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