EP0434283B1 - Ebene Hohlleiter-Gruppenantenne mit L-förmigen Serien/Serien-Koppelschlitzen - Google Patents

Ebene Hohlleiter-Gruppenantenne mit L-förmigen Serien/Serien-Koppelschlitzen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0434283B1
EP0434283B1 EP19900313458 EP90313458A EP0434283B1 EP 0434283 B1 EP0434283 B1 EP 0434283B1 EP 19900313458 EP19900313458 EP 19900313458 EP 90313458 A EP90313458 A EP 90313458A EP 0434283 B1 EP0434283 B1 EP 0434283B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
slot
radiating
waveguide
shaped
series
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19900313458
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0434283A2 (de
EP0434283A3 (de
Inventor
Pyong K. Park
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Raytheon Co
Original Assignee
Hughes Aircraft Co
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hughes Aircraft Co filed Critical Hughes Aircraft Co
Publication of EP0434283A2 publication Critical patent/EP0434283A2/de
Publication of EP0434283A3 publication Critical patent/EP0434283A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
    • H01Q21/0037—Particular feeding systems linear waveguide fed arrays
    • H01Q21/0043—Slotted waveguides
    • H01Q21/005—Slotted waveguides arrays

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to antennas. More specifically, the present invention relates to slot coupled, planar array waveguide antennas.
  • Planar array antennas such as disclosed in US-A-4821044, are used for a wide variety of radar applications.
  • a typical planar array antenna includes a linear array of coplanar radiating elements or slots in a radiating waveguide.
  • Microwave energy is provided to the radiating waveguides by a feed waveguide running underneath the array of radiating waveguides and crosswise thereto such that there is a sharing of a section of broadwall.
  • Slot coupling is a frequently used technique for coupling energy from the feed waveguide to the radiating waveguides. This is illustrated in Fig. 1 which shows a typical conventional array antenna. Slot coupling involves communication of energy through a slot in a broadwall of the feed waveguide through a colocated slot in the broadwall of the radiating waveguide. Energy is typically provided to the feed waveguide by an input waveguide (not shown) located at either end of the feed waveguide or somewhere along the length thereof. In the antenna of Fig. 1, the coupling slot is centered, inclined in the common broadwall, and the radiating slots are longitudinal and offset relative thereto.
  • the radiating slots are essentially shunt (parallel) elements.
  • short circuit elements are placed beyond the first and last radiating elements at distance equal to one quarter the wavelength in the waveguide (at which the antenna will be operating) to terminate the radiating waveguide properly and achieve a desired radiating pattern.
  • the coupling slots are series elements. These slots, in the feed waveguide, must be located beyond the first and last coupling slots at distances equal to one-half guide the wavelength at which the antenna will be operating to achieve optimum, efficient output coupling and the desired radiating pattern. Hence, for proper spacing of the shorting elements, it may be necessary to lengthen the feed waveguide.
  • an array antenna which comprises an array of radiating waveguides, each radiating waveguide having a longitudinal axis along a centerline thereof, and a feed waveguide, orthogonal and coupled to said radiating waveguides, having a longitudinal axis along a centerline thereof, characterised in that the feed waveguide is coupled to at least one of said radiating waveguides by an L-shaped coupling slot, said coupling slot having a first portion substantially orthogonal to a second portion thereof, said first portion of said L-shaped slot being on the centerline of said feed waveguide and parallel to the longitudinal axis thereof and said second portion of said L-shaped slot being on the centerline of an associated radiating waveguide and parallel to the longitudinal axis thereof.
  • Fig. 1 shows a typical conventional array antenna.
  • Fig. 2 shows a partially fragmented array antenna constructed in accordance with the present teachings.
  • Fig. 3 is a fragmented view of the array antenna of Fig. 2 partially in section, showing the feed waveguide, the radiating waveguide and an L-shaped coupling slot therebetween.
  • Fig. 4 shows a graph of typical coupling coefficients of the L-shaped coupling slot versus the transverse slot length thereof.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the L-shaped coupling slot in relation to a radiating waveguide and a feed waveguide in accordance with the teachings of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a partially fragmented perspective view of a missile implemented with the array antenna of the present invention.
  • Fig. 1 shows a slot coupled planar array antenna 10′ of conventional design.
  • the antenna 10′ includes an array 11′ of radiating waveguides 12′.
  • the array 11′ consists of a family of rectangular waveguides 12′ placed side-by-side so that neighbors share a common broadwall.
  • the radiating waveguides 12′ are fed in quadrants by feed waveguides 14′, 16′, 18′ and 20′ as is common in the art.
  • the feed waveguides lie on top and across the radiating waveguides. Energy from the feed waveguide is radiated from the radiating waveguides by a plurality of offset longitudinal radiating slots 13′.
  • the first and last radiating slots in a radiating guide are located at a distance of kg/4 from the shorted end of the waveguide 12′ to provide a proper termination, where, as used herein, kg is the wavelength of the energy inside the waveguide.
  • Each of the feed waveguides is coupled to the radiating waveguides by a plurality of coupling slots 22′ shown in phantom.
  • the coupling slots are tilted relative to the longitudinal axis of the guide.
  • the feed waveguides have shorts at kg/2 beyond the first and last coupling slots for proper termination.
  • the ends of the feed waveguides are folded, as is common in the art, due to space limitations.
  • the folded sections 24′ are costly to manufacture and add to the weight of the antenna. It is an aim of the present invention to eliminate the need for the folded sections of conventional slot coupled planar array antennas.
  • Fig. 1 also shows the taper section 26′ frequently used in connection with the use of the fold 24′. It is a further aim of the present invention to eliminate the need for the use of a tapered section in connection with conventional slot coupled planar array antennas.
  • Fig. 2 shows a partially fragmented slot coupled planar array antenna 10 constructed in accordance with the teachings of the present invention.
  • the design and construction of the antenna 10 is the same as that of a conventional antenna with the exception that the folded sections 24′ are eliminated by the use of L-shaped coupling slots 30.
  • the L-shaped coupling slots 30 are located kg/2 beyond the first and last tilted coupling slots 22 (all but one of which are shown in phantom). This location is made possible by the fact that the L-shaped coupling slots allow the short to be placed at the L-shaped slot. This also permits the L-shaped slot to replace the tapered section 26′.
  • the L-shaped coupling slot 30 has a first portion 32 parallel to the longitudinal axis of the feed waveguide 20 on the centerline thereof.
  • the coupling slot 30 has a second portion 34 orthogonal to the first portion 32 which is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the radiating waveguide 12 and on the centerline thereof.
  • the L-shaped slot is a series element because the transverse portion of the slot is a series element and the centered longitudinal part is a parasitic element which satisfies the resonant length condition. Therefore the L-shaped coupling slot is a series/series coupling slot.
  • the centered longitudinal parasitic element does not contribute to the forward and backward scattering of the TE10 mode in the waveguide but serves to satisfy the resonant length condition of the L-shaped slot.
  • the simultaneous resonance allows control of the excitation amount and the placement of the short at the slot.
  • the amount of coupling or excitation can be controlled by varying the ratio of the lengths of the first and second portions 32 and 34 of the slot as per a particular application.
  • l1 11.8mm (0.465)
  • l2 6.22mm (0.245”)
  • slot width 0.76mm (0.03”)
  • operating frequency 9.13 Ghz.
  • the resonant slot length l res l1 + l2 remains constant for a given frequency. However, the coupling amount increases as the transverse slot length l2 increases. This is illustrated in Fig. 4 which shows a graph of typical coupling coefficients of the L-shaped coupling slot 30 versus the transverse slot length L2 thereof.
  • phase of the energy radiating from the radiating guide 12 would be changed 180 degrees by rotating the l2 arm of the L-shaped slot 30 about the centerline of the feed waveguide 20 as illustrated in phantom in the schematic diagram of Fig. 5.
  • the antenna 10 of the present invention would be implemented in a missile 100 as shown in the fragmented perspective view of Fig. 6.
  • the missile 100 includes a housing 110 about a frame not shown. Also not shown but included are conventional propulsion and guidance systems.

Landscapes

  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)
  • Waveguide Connection Structure (AREA)

Claims (2)

  1. Gruppenantenne (10) mit:
       einer Gruppe (11) von Wellenleiterstrahlern (12), wobei jeder Wellenleiterstrahler (12) eine Längsachse entlang seiner Mittellinie aufweist, und
       einem zu den Wellenleiterstrahlern (12) rechtwinkligen und mit ihm gekoppelten Zuführungswellenleiter (14, 16, 18, 20), der eine Längsachse entlang seiner Mittellinie aufweist,
       dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Zuführungswellenleiter (20) mindestens mit einem der Wellenleiterstrahler (12) mittels eines L-förmigen Koppelschlitzes (30) gekoppelt ist, wobei dieser Koppelschlitz (30) einen ersten Bereich (32) aufweist, der im wesentlichen rechtwinklig zu einem zweiten Bereich (34) davon verläuft, wobei sich der erste Bereich (30) des L-förmigen Schlitzes (30) auf der Mittellinie des Zuführungswellenleiters (20) befindet und parallel zu dessen Längsachse verläuft und sich der zweite Bereich (34) des L-förmigen Schlitzes (30) auf der Mittellinie eines zugehörigen Wellenleiterstrahlers (12) befindet und parallel zu dessen Längsachse verläuft.
  2. Gruppenantenne (10) nach Anspruch 1, bei der der L-förmige Koppelschlitz (30) mit einem Kurzschlußelement zusammengestellt ist, das sich an einem Ende des Zuführungswellenleiters (20) befindet.
EP19900313458 1989-12-22 1990-12-11 Ebene Hohlleiter-Gruppenantenne mit L-förmigen Serien/Serien-Koppelschlitzen Expired - Lifetime EP0434283B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US45503689A 1989-12-22 1989-12-22
US455036 1999-12-06

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0434283A2 EP0434283A2 (de) 1991-06-26
EP0434283A3 EP0434283A3 (de) 1991-07-17
EP0434283B1 true EP0434283B1 (de) 1995-03-08

Family

ID=23807107

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19900313458 Expired - Lifetime EP0434283B1 (de) 1989-12-22 1990-12-11 Ebene Hohlleiter-Gruppenantenne mit L-förmigen Serien/Serien-Koppelschlitzen

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0434283B1 (de)
JP (1) JP2569222B2 (de)
DE (1) DE69017622T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2069029T3 (de)
TR (1) TR24865A (de)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4803869B2 (ja) * 2000-09-28 2011-10-26 京セラ株式会社 誘電体導波管線路の接続構造
JP4772704B2 (ja) * 2007-01-15 2011-09-14 三菱電機株式会社 アンテナ装置
IL241951B (en) * 2015-10-07 2018-04-30 Israel Aerospace Ind Ltd Galvo components, production methods and their organizations
CN105552557B (zh) * 2016-02-03 2019-03-12 中国电子科技集团公司第三十八研究所 一种串馈式波导校正网络

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2632809A (en) * 1947-11-05 1953-03-24 Raytheon Mfg Co Directional coupler
US3537037A (en) * 1968-03-05 1970-10-27 North American Rockwell Crossed guide microwave coupler
US3760304A (en) * 1969-05-21 1973-09-18 Us Army Slot line
US4821044A (en) * 1987-04-14 1989-04-11 Hughes Aircraft Company Waveguide slot array termination and antenna system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH04119703A (ja) 1992-04-21
EP0434283A2 (de) 1991-06-26
DE69017622T2 (de) 1995-10-19
DE69017622D1 (de) 1995-04-13
ES2069029T3 (es) 1995-05-01
TR24865A (tr) 1992-07-01
EP0434283A3 (de) 1991-07-17
JP2569222B2 (ja) 1997-01-08

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