EP0433538A2 - Opto-elektronisches Telemetriegerät mit variabler Basis - Google Patents

Opto-elektronisches Telemetriegerät mit variabler Basis Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0433538A2
EP0433538A2 EP90110583A EP90110583A EP0433538A2 EP 0433538 A2 EP0433538 A2 EP 0433538A2 EP 90110583 A EP90110583 A EP 90110583A EP 90110583 A EP90110583 A EP 90110583A EP 0433538 A2 EP0433538 A2 EP 0433538A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
unit
units
aiming
optic
angular
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP90110583A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0433538A3 (en
Inventor
Giovanna Lo Sapio
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Upf Di Zanieri Ugo Pietro
Original Assignee
Upf Di Zanieri Ugo Pietro
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Upf Di Zanieri Ugo Pietro filed Critical Upf Di Zanieri Ugo Pietro
Publication of EP0433538A2 publication Critical patent/EP0433538A2/de
Publication of EP0433538A3 publication Critical patent/EP0433538A3/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
    • G01S5/16—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using electromagnetic waves other than radio waves

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device essentially constituted by two sources of information, delivering angular indications, which are independent and mutually cooperating (i.e., as a practical form of embodiment, two directive passive sensors with two degrees of freedom in azimuth and elevation), by a connection between these and by a digital electronic computer for the univocal determination in real time of target position in order to fulfil the following functions:
  • This device has its main application in the aeronautical field.
  • the invention refers to a device essentially contituted by two units, which may receive or transmit signals in a visible or infrared or ultraviolet range of frequencies or in hertzian waves in a millimetric band, with a variable, but known, distance and with the same spatial and temporal references, said units being connected to a digital electronic computer calculating, in real time, the result obtained by the triangulation with a third unit, which is a source of energy or, respectively, a receiving unit, determining in this way two angles of each of said first two units relative to said references.
  • This device has its main application in the field of the regulation and control of the vehicle traffic.
  • the final approaching phase to the landing strip takes place by a radio-assisted guide.
  • the pilot guides the airplane according to the indications coming by radio from the control-tower; these indications contain attitude variations of the aircraft following the manual commands carried out by the pilot.
  • the indications suggested by the flight controller are transmitted via voice, on a radio carrier, and drawn from the information of the landing radar system.
  • the range measurements are essential for computing the present target point, for its kinematics and, successively, for the ballistic calculation in order to obtain a good weapon performance.
  • the range measurements are very useful for determining the possibility of engaging the target and for fixing the optimum missile launching moment, based on the target and missile characteristics.
  • the first distance measuring systems have been the optical telemeters with telemetry base as long as a few meters.
  • Said range-finders had a telemetry base of about 1 m in portable systems in applications aganist aerial and surface targets and up to about 10 m against surface and aerial targets for fixed systems or systems located on ships.
  • Radar range-finders have some drawbacks and disadvantages, since they are complex and highly sophisticated devices with high construction and maintenance costs, and since they lack precision on determining the aiming line caused by intervening phenomena of displacement of the energetic barycenter of the electromagnetic return beam and by reflections on water surfaces.
  • the enemy target has the possibility of detecting the radiation and of disturbing the emitting radar in such a way that the latter cannot be used anymore; moreover, the attacking target may launch a missile against the radar, of the kind which are automatically self-guided by the radiations emitted by the radar.
  • the existing laser range-finders involve drawbacks and disadvantages, since they are extremely dangerous for human eyes (they emit on a wavelength of 1,064 micrometers).
  • these devices have a range of visibility which is lower than the atmospheric visibility and require personnel with a high degree of technical preparation and experience.
  • a further drawback is the fact that, in order to avoid range problems, the laser beam must be angularly narrow; thus, it may only be ranged with difficulty on a mobile target.
  • the most widely used devices, for said missiles, are an optical reticle stadimetry or a signal derived from the electronics associated to the sensor which, in many instances, is infrared sensitive.
  • the main purpose of the device when applied as an aid to aerial navigation, is of constituting an improvement in reliability and reduction in cost compared with the main radar, with the additional advantage of supplying the pilot with the information which, without difficulty, may be adapted to an automatic guidance system.
  • this solution implies the advantage of using a more widely known technology, which is also safer because it does not provide for active and, moreover, dangerous sensors like radars.
  • the main purpose of the device is that of obtaining a remarkable improvement with respect to the results obtainable by the known devices, in the use in defence systems provided with machine-guns and cannons against both aircrafts and surface targets.
  • the device according to said first and second forms of embodiment allows the computation of the range of the target with a high repetition rate and with a large accuracy in order to be a remarkable aid to navigation of aircraft in critical phases and to be necessary in the resistance to hostile targets.
  • the purpose of the device according to the invention is that to allow the installation of a so-called anticollision system on high-speed roads for any tipe of vehicle and in relative short times.
  • the device comprises a reception or transmission unit of angular measurement and is suitable for determining the spatial position of another unit mobile with respect to the formerin real or known time.
  • the optoeletronic telemetry device with variable base is constituted by two tracking stations, each with directive passive sensors for the aiming of the target and with means of movement and/or measuring in direction and elevation, by a connection for the exchange of data between the two stations and by a computer for the computation of the distance of the target on the basis of the distance between the two tracking stations and the angular data of the target which these stations measure and reciprocally transmit.
  • the device is provided with a couple of continuous or pulsed emitting units in the electromagnetic spectrum in the visible band, or in the near infrared, in ultraviolet and in the millimetric bands.
  • a third unit is placed on the front part of the vehicle and, in particular circustances, assumes the form of a special camera with the sensitive sensor suitable for receiving the wavelengths of the other two units with an adequate field of view without particular technological difficulties.
  • the device is then completed by a fourth alarm unit which warns the driver of the presence of an obstacle at a certain distance and which may be structured in such a way as to act directly on the braking circuit of the vehicle.
  • the device comprises a single unit for reception and transmission of data mounted on a platform with much higher speed than the target.
  • the receiver is mounted on a mobile platform on an aircrraft and is provided with a stabilization system.
  • This receiver is kept automatically aimed on a transmitting unit (transmitter) and means of computation of the spatial position of the second mentioned unit supply a precise indication of the spatial position of said other unit, once the first unit mounted on the aircraft has travelled a sufficient distance to obtain a large enough base of triangulation for the pre-established purposes.
  • the aircraft has autonomous means for the computation of its own spatial position.
  • S1B and S2B which are the distances R1 and R2 of the target B from the tracking stations S1 and S2 respectively.
  • the device according to the invention is constituted by two tracking stations S1 and S2, by a connecting line LC, by a computer C and by a communication and data transmitting line L.
  • each tracking station In order to illustrate the device in major detail, and referring to fig. 4, the four essential units comprised in each tracking station will be described.
  • the tracking station S1 is constituted by:
  • assemblies B and C may not exist and direction and elevation angles are supplied by the scanner of the field of view of the passive sensor.
  • the tracking station S2 comprises four assemblies similar to those described for the station S1 (E similar to A, F to B, G to C, H to D) and performs the same functions.
  • the two tracking stations have a connection LC which can be realised by a digital line via electrical wires for short distances and a microwave link or an optical-fiber connection for longer distances.
  • the target under observation detected with voluntary signals - if friendly and cooperative - or searched for autonomously or by auxiliary means such as optical signals, IRST (infrared search and track) or ultraviolet, radar, acoustic means - if an enemy - is discovered, detected and tracked continuously by two operators possibly aided by automatic trackers.
  • auxiliary means such as optical signals, IRST (infrared search and track) or ultraviolet, radar, acoustic means - if an enemy - is discovered, detected and tracked continuously by two operators possibly aided by automatic trackers.
  • the computer Since the tracking accuracies are beneath a predetermined threshold, the computer starts computing the range of the target from the two tracking stations and goes on until the operative phase is over.
  • the system comprises an assembly X suitable for detecting the range and angular data of the target and for their most convenient form for the best use from a certain distance; said assembly X is connected to other two assemblies Y and Z, of which:
  • the assembly X which is located close to the landing runway, see fig. 5, top-left corner, performs the function of:
  • the assembly X may be considered as being constituted by the following sub-assemblies:
  • the assembly Y which is located in the airport, see fig. 5, bottom-left corner, performs the function of:
  • the assembly Z which is located within the aircraft, see centre-right portion of fig. 5, performs the function of:
  • the invention may comprise a dual application, i.e. in the case where a radar were not present, either be cause of failure, or of operating requirements.
  • a receiver is placed within the aircraft and processes, by means of a suitable computer, the angular data received from the earth-located stations.
  • the device is constructed with two tracking stations S1 and S2 including the computer and the connection line LC as illustrated in fig.6.
  • Each tracking station may be identified, in the present form of embodiment, as mainly constituted by a platform with two degrees of freedom, a directive passive sensor and a computer.
  • the units U1 and U2 are transmitting stations, in the simplest case in the visible or in infrared frequency bands.
  • stations U1 and U2 act with pre-estabilished codes and only within the strictly necessary solid angle, with common spatial and temporal references and with a base (distance between U1 and U2) of limited dynamic.
  • These stations U1 and U2 are, according to the invention, installed in the rear part of a vehicle and transmit energy towards a direction which is opposite to the direction of movement.
  • a third unit U3 is installed on the front part of the vehicle and is structured so as to measure the signals coming from the stations U1 and U2 of the vehicle proceeding in front of the vehicle in question.
  • the third unit U3 determines the angular date of U1 and U2 with respect to the predetermined spatial and temporal references; these data are sent to the computers C1 which, in real time, computes the distances D1 and D2 of the units U1 and U2 from U3 and the distance D of the unit U3 from the axis U1U2.
  • the unit U3 comprises an optical unit with a certain field of view, an appropiate sensor with relative auxiliary circuits, a scanner for the determination of the azimuth angles of U1 and U2 with respect to the reference N (bearing in mind that U1 and U2 are normally symmetrical, except in the overtaking phase, in which the device is excluded), a data processing unit which regulates the variability of the circuits to match the ambient brightness and a digital computer based on a microprocessor unit C1 which computes the distance from the preceding vehicle and, with the information on the speed of the vehicle on which it is installed, computes the danger of the situation supplying an actuator with information for the activation of an acoustic signal or acting directly on the brakes.
  • the invention includes a variant according to which, for example, measurements may be effected of astronomic distances of bodies of particular scientific interest.
  • the time interval between data emission from the probes to Earth stations is known and therefore measurements on the basis of telemetry, although in movement, may be computed with the notable precision necessary for this scientific task.
  • the passive sensors typically TV or infrared cameras
  • suitable viewing apparata are mounted as a rescue means, particularly on a ship, and they are used in searching for shipwrecked persons in the sea.
  • the passive sensors which are mutually interconnected by means of a suitable computer, determine the precise position of the survivers in order to facilitate the aid operations.
  • the passive sensors typically TV or infrared cameras
  • suitable viewing apparata are connected to a suitable computer for the triangulation and are mounted on a ship.
  • the board instrumentation data they determine the distance of the ship from the entry of a harbour and they therefore facilitate in a considerable way the entry operations, particularly in the case of large ships or of bad weather conditions.
  • the passive sensors typically TV or infrared cameras
  • suitable viewing apparata are mounted on a surface or aerial unmanned vehicle, which is used for operating in regions which are dangerous or noxious to the man.
  • the passive sensors besides giving a visible indication from a certain distance, allow the distance of objects in the field of view to be determined, these objects being either obstacles or elements on which a certain operation should be carried out.
  • RPV remote piloted vehicles
  • the passive sensors are used, with suitable viewing apparata, for an indirect vision; in the surgery, this may avoid to open, by means of a lancet, a human body.
  • the passive sensors are used, in cooperation with a suitable computer for the triangulation and with suitable viewing apparata, as an aid to the referee action in Georgia games, particularly in soccer or football, for determining the ball position in respect of the goal line in order to judge about the scoring of a goal.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Optical Communication System (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
EP19900110583 1989-12-22 1990-06-05 Optic-electronic telemetry device with variable base Withdrawn EP0433538A3 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT8500989 1989-12-22
IT08500989A IT1236863B (it) 1989-12-22 1989-12-22 Dispositivo di telemetria ottico-elettronica a base variabile

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0433538A2 true EP0433538A2 (de) 1991-06-26
EP0433538A3 EP0433538A3 (en) 1992-05-20

Family

ID=11326915

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19900110583 Withdrawn EP0433538A3 (en) 1989-12-22 1990-06-05 Optic-electronic telemetry device with variable base

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP0433538A3 (de)
IT (1) IT1236863B (de)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1997000454A1 (en) * 1995-06-19 1997-01-03 Faeger Jan G Procedure for determination of objects positions and equipment to produce a set of objects with known positions
CN101866006A (zh) * 2010-06-04 2010-10-20 西安天和防务技术股份有限公司 旋转式多传感器光电雷达
DE102009024444A1 (de) * 2009-06-10 2010-12-16 Lkf-Lenkflugkörpersysteme Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Messung der Entfernung zu einem anfliegenden Ziel
CN102455425A (zh) * 2010-10-20 2012-05-16 银河港(北京)技术有限公司 一种全视景光电雷达及利用地面目标图像定位的扫描方法
US8818042B2 (en) 2004-04-15 2014-08-26 Magna Electronics Inc. Driver assistance system for vehicle
US8842176B2 (en) 1996-05-22 2014-09-23 Donnelly Corporation Automatic vehicle exterior light control
CN104166137A (zh) * 2014-08-19 2014-11-26 东北电力大学 一种基于雷达告警态势图显示的目标综合参数跟踪测量方法
US8917169B2 (en) 1993-02-26 2014-12-23 Magna Electronics Inc. Vehicular vision system
US8993951B2 (en) 1996-03-25 2015-03-31 Magna Electronics Inc. Driver assistance system for a vehicle
US9171217B2 (en) 2002-05-03 2015-10-27 Magna Electronics Inc. Vision system for vehicle
US9436880B2 (en) 1999-08-12 2016-09-06 Magna Electronics Inc. Vehicle vision system
US10071676B2 (en) 2006-08-11 2018-09-11 Magna Electronics Inc. Vision system for vehicle

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116929160A (zh) * 2023-07-31 2023-10-24 天津大学 一种双通道宽窄视场共像面导引头成像光学系统

Citations (9)

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US3206605A (en) * 1961-02-23 1965-09-14 Baird Atomic Inc Object location system
EP0018673A1 (de) * 1979-05-04 1980-11-12 Günter Löwe Verfahren zum Vermessen von Schussfehlern und Schussfehler-Vermessungsanlage zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
EP0112440A2 (de) * 1982-11-30 1984-07-04 Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Bahnvermessungs- und Überwachungssystem
DE3526564A1 (de) * 1985-07-25 1987-02-05 Krupp Gmbh Containerumschlaganlage
EP0261091A2 (de) * 1986-09-17 1988-03-23 Aktiebolaget Bofors Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Verfolgen eines Flugkörpers
EP0265542A1 (de) * 1986-10-28 1988-05-04 Richard R. Rathbone Optisches Navigationssystem
DE3642196A1 (de) * 1986-12-10 1988-06-23 Mel Mikro Elektronik Gmbh Optoelektronische kollisionsschutzvorrichtung fuer fahrzeuge
US4818107A (en) * 1986-05-21 1989-04-04 Kabushiki Kaisha Komatsu S Eisakusho System for measuring the position of a moving body
WO1989011139A1 (en) * 1988-05-04 1989-11-16 Eugenio Monaco A device for the screening in the fog with 100 to 7000 micron electromagnetic waves and microcell screen

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3206605A (en) * 1961-02-23 1965-09-14 Baird Atomic Inc Object location system
EP0018673A1 (de) * 1979-05-04 1980-11-12 Günter Löwe Verfahren zum Vermessen von Schussfehlern und Schussfehler-Vermessungsanlage zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
EP0112440A2 (de) * 1982-11-30 1984-07-04 Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Bahnvermessungs- und Überwachungssystem
DE3526564A1 (de) * 1985-07-25 1987-02-05 Krupp Gmbh Containerumschlaganlage
US4818107A (en) * 1986-05-21 1989-04-04 Kabushiki Kaisha Komatsu S Eisakusho System for measuring the position of a moving body
EP0261091A2 (de) * 1986-09-17 1988-03-23 Aktiebolaget Bofors Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Verfolgen eines Flugkörpers
EP0265542A1 (de) * 1986-10-28 1988-05-04 Richard R. Rathbone Optisches Navigationssystem
DE3642196A1 (de) * 1986-12-10 1988-06-23 Mel Mikro Elektronik Gmbh Optoelektronische kollisionsschutzvorrichtung fuer fahrzeuge
WO1989011139A1 (en) * 1988-05-04 1989-11-16 Eugenio Monaco A device for the screening in the fog with 100 to 7000 micron electromagnetic waves and microcell screen

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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Cited By (41)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8917169B2 (en) 1993-02-26 2014-12-23 Magna Electronics Inc. Vehicular vision system
US6131296A (en) * 1995-06-19 2000-10-17 Faeger; Jan G. Method and device for determining positions of objects
KR100408910B1 (ko) * 1995-06-19 2004-03-30 잔 지 파거 객체위치를측정하는방법및알려진위치로객체집합을생성하는장치
WO1997000454A1 (en) * 1995-06-19 1997-01-03 Faeger Jan G Procedure for determination of objects positions and equipment to produce a set of objects with known positions
US8993951B2 (en) 1996-03-25 2015-03-31 Magna Electronics Inc. Driver assistance system for a vehicle
US8842176B2 (en) 1996-05-22 2014-09-23 Donnelly Corporation Automatic vehicle exterior light control
US9436880B2 (en) 1999-08-12 2016-09-06 Magna Electronics Inc. Vehicle vision system
US11203340B2 (en) 2002-05-03 2021-12-21 Magna Electronics Inc. Vehicular vision system using side-viewing camera
US9834216B2 (en) 2002-05-03 2017-12-05 Magna Electronics Inc. Vehicular control system using cameras and radar sensor
US10118618B2 (en) 2002-05-03 2018-11-06 Magna Electronics Inc. Vehicular control system using cameras and radar sensor
US10351135B2 (en) 2002-05-03 2019-07-16 Magna Electronics Inc. Vehicular control system using cameras and radar sensor
US10683008B2 (en) 2002-05-03 2020-06-16 Magna Electronics Inc. Vehicular driving assist system using forward-viewing camera
US9643605B2 (en) 2002-05-03 2017-05-09 Magna Electronics Inc. Vision system for vehicle
US9171217B2 (en) 2002-05-03 2015-10-27 Magna Electronics Inc. Vision system for vehicle
US9555803B2 (en) 2002-05-03 2017-01-31 Magna Electronics Inc. Driver assistance system for vehicle
US9736435B2 (en) 2004-04-15 2017-08-15 Magna Electronics Inc. Vision system for vehicle
US10306190B1 (en) 2004-04-15 2019-05-28 Magna Electronics Inc. Vehicular control system
US9191634B2 (en) 2004-04-15 2015-11-17 Magna Electronics Inc. Vision system for vehicle
US9609289B2 (en) 2004-04-15 2017-03-28 Magna Electronics Inc. Vision system for vehicle
US9008369B2 (en) 2004-04-15 2015-04-14 Magna Electronics Inc. Vision system for vehicle
US11847836B2 (en) 2004-04-15 2023-12-19 Magna Electronics Inc. Vehicular control system with road curvature determination
US8818042B2 (en) 2004-04-15 2014-08-26 Magna Electronics Inc. Driver assistance system for vehicle
US9948904B2 (en) 2004-04-15 2018-04-17 Magna Electronics Inc. Vision system for vehicle
US10015452B1 (en) 2004-04-15 2018-07-03 Magna Electronics Inc. Vehicular control system
US11503253B2 (en) 2004-04-15 2022-11-15 Magna Electronics Inc. Vehicular control system with traffic lane detection
US10110860B1 (en) 2004-04-15 2018-10-23 Magna Electronics Inc. Vehicular control system
US10735695B2 (en) 2004-04-15 2020-08-04 Magna Electronics Inc. Vehicular control system with traffic lane detection
US10187615B1 (en) 2004-04-15 2019-01-22 Magna Electronics Inc. Vehicular control system
US9428192B2 (en) 2004-04-15 2016-08-30 Magna Electronics Inc. Vision system for vehicle
US10462426B2 (en) 2004-04-15 2019-10-29 Magna Electronics Inc. Vehicular control system
US10787116B2 (en) 2006-08-11 2020-09-29 Magna Electronics Inc. Adaptive forward lighting system for vehicle comprising a control that adjusts the headlamp beam in response to processing of image data captured by a camera
US11148583B2 (en) 2006-08-11 2021-10-19 Magna Electronics Inc. Vehicular forward viewing image capture system
US11396257B2 (en) 2006-08-11 2022-07-26 Magna Electronics Inc. Vehicular forward viewing image capture system
US10071676B2 (en) 2006-08-11 2018-09-11 Magna Electronics Inc. Vision system for vehicle
US11623559B2 (en) 2006-08-11 2023-04-11 Magna Electronics Inc. Vehicular forward viewing image capture system
US11951900B2 (en) 2006-08-11 2024-04-09 Magna Electronics Inc. Vehicular forward viewing image capture system
DE102009024444A1 (de) * 2009-06-10 2010-12-16 Lkf-Lenkflugkörpersysteme Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Messung der Entfernung zu einem anfliegenden Ziel
CN101866006A (zh) * 2010-06-04 2010-10-20 西安天和防务技术股份有限公司 旋转式多传感器光电雷达
CN102455425A (zh) * 2010-10-20 2012-05-16 银河港(北京)技术有限公司 一种全视景光电雷达及利用地面目标图像定位的扫描方法
CN102455425B (zh) * 2010-10-20 2013-07-31 银河港(北京)技术有限公司 一种全视景光电雷达及利用地面目标图像定位的扫描方法
CN104166137A (zh) * 2014-08-19 2014-11-26 东北电力大学 一种基于雷达告警态势图显示的目标综合参数跟踪测量方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IT1236863B (it) 1993-04-22
EP0433538A3 (en) 1992-05-20
IT8985009A1 (it) 1991-06-22
IT8985009A0 (it) 1989-12-22

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