EP0433215A1 - Method and apparatus for controlling the hotwater circulation in a gas fired waterheater - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for controlling the hotwater circulation in a gas fired waterheater Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0433215A1
EP0433215A1 EP90710036A EP90710036A EP0433215A1 EP 0433215 A1 EP0433215 A1 EP 0433215A1 EP 90710036 A EP90710036 A EP 90710036A EP 90710036 A EP90710036 A EP 90710036A EP 0433215 A1 EP0433215 A1 EP 0433215A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
temperature
burner
heating water
control device
temperature difference
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP90710036A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0433215B1 (en
Inventor
Joachim Berg
Thomas Kupka
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
N.V. VAILLANT S.A.
VAILLANT-SCHONEWELLE B.V.
Vaillant Austria GmbH
Vaillant GmbH
Vaillant SARL
Vaillant Ltd
Original Assignee
Vaillant Austria GmbH
Nv Vaillant Sa
Joh Vaillant GmbH and Co
Vaillant GmbH
Vaillant SARL
Vaillant Ltd
Vaillant-Schonewelle BV
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Publication of EP0433215A1 publication Critical patent/EP0433215A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0433215B1 publication Critical patent/EP0433215B1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
    • F23N5/14—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using thermo-sensitive resistors
    • F23N5/143—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using thermo-sensitive resistors using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
    • F23N1/08—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with another medium, e.g. boiler water
    • F23N1/082—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with another medium, e.g. boiler water using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
    • F23N1/08—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with another medium, e.g. boiler water
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2225/00—Measuring
    • F23N2225/08—Measuring temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2225/00—Measuring
    • F23N2225/08—Measuring temperature
    • F23N2225/18—Measuring temperature feedwater temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2225/00—Measuring
    • F23N2225/08—Measuring temperature
    • F23N2225/19—Measuring temperature outlet temperature water heat-exchanger
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2225/00—Measuring
    • F23N2225/08—Measuring temperature
    • F23N2225/20—Measuring temperature entrant temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
    • F23N5/14—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using thermo-sensitive resistors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/24—Preventing development of abnormal or undesired conditions, i.e. safety arrangements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for monitoring the heating water circulation in a gas water heater, with a temperature sensor arranged in the heating water supply line for the flow temperature control, the flow temperature being monitored continuously, with a stored in a control device which is connected to a burner control maximum flow temperature compared and the burner is switched off when this temperature is exceeded, and on a device for performing the method.
  • Low water safety devices are known for combination gas water heaters and continuous gas water heaters. Such low water safety devices have a Venturi nozzle located in the cold water line to the process water heat exchanger, from the narrow point of which a pressure measuring line leads to a membrane switch, the other pressure measuring chamber of which is also connected via a pipeline to the water line in front of the Venturi nozzle.
  • the drop in pressure at the membrane allows conclusions to be drawn about the throughput of water to the heat exchanger, so that the gas supply to the burner is released after a minimum throughput has been exceeded.
  • This task is solved in a method according to the introductory part by the steps that the heating water temperature is measured at a further point on or in the heat exchanger approximately in the middle between the supply and return lines, that the temperature difference ⁇ T between the pre-heating temperature T 2 and this heating water temperature T 1 is determined that this temperature difference AT is compared with a maximum temperature difference ⁇ Tmax stored in the control device and a minimum temperature difference ⁇ Tmin and that in addition to the first switch-off criterion T 2 - T 1 > ⁇ Tmax, this temperature difference ⁇ T is used as the second switch-off criterion ⁇ T ⁇ Tmin.
  • the switch-off criterion ⁇ T ⁇ Tmin is suppressed for a short time during the start-up phase after the burner has started.
  • the invention provides that upon the occurrence of the switch-off criterion T 2 - T 1> ⁇ Tmax, the burner is switched off by the control device for a lock period of for example 5 minutes, while the if the heat is requested, a new burner start is prevented.
  • Such a shutdown could occur, for example, if the heating water circulation becomes weaker due to thermostatic valves on the radiators.
  • the burner is switched off in a locking manner by the control device and an optical water deficiency warning, for example via the display, is switched on.
  • a device for carrying out the method for monitoring the heating water circulation in a gas water heater consisting of at least one heat exchanger heated by a burner, to which a heating water supply line with a temperature sensor for the flow temperature control and a heating water return line, in which a heating water circulation pump is located, is connected, with a control device into which set values such as the maximum flow temperature or the like can be entered and Can be stored and which is connected by line to an automatic burner control system, is characterized in that a temperature sensor known per se, in particular an NTC sensor with a small time constant, is provided approximately in the middle between the supply and return lines, in that a subtractor arranged in the control device is provided the temperature difference between the flow temperature sensor and this heating water temperature sensor is determined and that a known comparator circuit is provided in the control device, by means of which the occurrence of both switch-off criteria AT> ⁇ Tmax and AT ⁇ Tmin can be detected and a The burner can be switched off by the burner control via the line.
  • the device according to the invention enables simple and reliable monitoring of the water circulation in the heating water line.
  • the installation of a second temperature sensor and the provision of the electronic components in the control device require no special effort.
  • the drawing schematically shows a partially shown circulation gas water heater.
  • the circulating water heater partially shown in the figure has a two-part heating water heat exchanger 2, 3 heated by a burner 1.
  • a temperature sensor 5 for detecting the temperature T 1 for example an NTC sensor, is installed in a connecting line 4, which can also be a water cap or other connection of or within a one-part heat exchanger.
  • a heating water return line 7 provided with a circulation pump 6 is connected to the heat exchanger part 2, and a heating water supply line 8 is connected to the heat exchanger part 3.
  • a second temperature sensor 9, which can also be an NTC sensor and which monitors the flow temperature T 2 is arranged in the heating water supply line 8 at a certain distance from the heat exchanger 3.
  • the burner 1 is supplied with gas via a gas line 10, in which a gas valve 11, which is controlled by a magnetic switch 12, is also supplied with an ignition device 13 and a flame detection device and connected to a burner control 14 via lines.
  • the magnetic switch 12 for the gas valve 11 is also connected via a control line 16 to the automatic firing device 14, which in turn is connected to a control device 15 via control lines 21 and feedback lines 22.
  • a control line 17 leads from the control device 15 to the electric motor 18 of the heating water circulating pump 6. Furthermore, the control device 15 is connected to the heating water temperature sensor 5 via a line 19 and to the flow temperature sensor 9 via a line 20.
  • the control device 15, which has a circuit with a subtractor for determining the temperature difference ⁇ T T 2 - T 1 and a comparator circuit for comparing this temperature difference with a minimum temperature difference ⁇ Tmin and a maximum temperature difference ⁇ Tmax, is also equipped with a display for reporting special operating states .
  • the present method or the device has been set out here on a circulation gas water heater with a divided heat exchanger. If a one-piece heat exchanger is used, the heating water temperature sensor 5 according to the invention would have to be arranged approximately in the middle between the supply and return lines, that is to say approximately in the middle of the heat exchanger.
  • the first switch-off criterion namely T 2 - T 1 > ⁇ T max
  • the burner 1 will be switched off.
  • the previously low circulation and the residual burner heat also enable the second switch-off criterion to be achieved, but this is no longer effective in the system already shut down by the first switch-off criterion.
  • the device is blocked by the control device for a period of, for example, 5 minutes, during which a burner start is prevented when heat is requested.
  • the burner is shut off by the control device 15 if the temperature drops below the minimum temperature difference , issued.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
  • Instantaneous Water Boilers, Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses, And Control Of Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Steam Or Hot-Water Central Heating Systems (AREA)
  • Control For Baths (AREA)
  • Control Of Combustion (AREA)
  • Control Of Steam Boilers And Waste-Gas Boilers (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for controlling the heating water circulation in a gas-fired water heater, consisting of at least one heat exchanger (2, 3) which is heated by a burner (1) and to which a heating water forward run pipe (8) with a temperature sensor (9) for forward run temperature regulation and a heating water return run pipe (7), in which there is a heating water circulating pump (6), are connected, the forward run temperature T2 being constantly controlled, and compared with a maximum forward run temperature Tmax stored in a regulating device (15) which is line-connected to an automatic firing machine (14) and the burner (1) being switched off in the event that this temperature is exceeded. In order to guarantee reliable switching off in the event of low water, it is envisaged according to the invention that the heating water temperature is measured at an additional point approximately in the centre between forward and return run pipe (7, 8) and the temperature difference DELTA T between the forward run temperature T2 and this heating water temperature T1 is determined. This temperature difference DELTA T is compared with a maximum temperature difference DELTA Tmax and a minimum temperature difference DELTA Tmin stored in the regulating device (15) and this temperature difference DELTA T is used as second switch-off criterion DELTA T < DELTA Tmin, in addition to the first switch-off criterion T2 - T1 > DELTA Tmax. <IMAGE>

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zur Überwachung des Heizwasserumlaufes bei einem Gaswasserheizer, mit einem in der Heizwasser-Vorlaufleitung angeordneten Temperaturfühler für die Vorlauftemperaturregelung, wobei die Vorlauftemperatur laufend überwacht, mit einer in einer Regeleinrichtung, welche mit einem Feuerungsautomaten leitungsmäßig verbunden ist, gespeicherten maximalen Vorlauftemperatur verglichen und bei Überschreiten dieser Temperatur der Brenner abgeschaltet wird, sowie auf eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens.The present invention relates to a method for monitoring the heating water circulation in a gas water heater, with a temperature sensor arranged in the heating water supply line for the flow temperature control, the flow temperature being monitored continuously, with a stored in a control device which is connected to a burner control maximum flow temperature compared and the burner is switched off when this temperature is exceeded, and on a device for performing the method.

Bei Kombi-Gaswasserheizern sowie Durchlauf-Gaswasserheizern sind Wassermangelsicherungen bekannt. Solche Wassermangelsicherungen weisen eine in der Kaltwasserleitung zum Brauchwasser-Wärmetauscher liegende Venturidüse auf, von deren Engstelle eine Druckmeßleitung zu einem Membranschalter führt, dessen andere Druckmeßkammer gleichfalls über eine Rohrleitung mit der Wasserleitung vor der Venturidüse verbunden ist. Durch die an der Membran abfallende Druckdifferenz kann auf den Durchsatz von Wasser zum Wärmetauscher geschlossen werden, so daß nach Überschreiten eines Mindestdurchsatzes die Gaszuführung zum Brenner freigegeben wird.Low water safety devices are known for combination gas water heaters and continuous gas water heaters. Such low water safety devices have a Venturi nozzle located in the cold water line to the process water heat exchanger, from the narrow point of which a pressure measuring line leads to a membrane switch, the other pressure measuring chamber of which is also connected via a pipeline to the water line in front of the Venturi nozzle. The drop in pressure at the membrane allows conclusions to be drawn about the throughput of water to the heat exchanger, so that the gas supply to the burner is released after a minimum throughput has been exceeded.

Bei Umlauf-Gaswasserheizern für Etagenheizungen werden für den Heizwasserkreislauf ähnliche Wassermangelsicherungen angewendet. Bei Unterschreitung der am Thermostaten oder am witterungsgeführten Regler eingestellten Temepratur läuft die Umwälzpumpe an. Durch den Differenzdruck der Umwälzpumpe wird über den Strömungsschaltereinem Membranschalter, dessen Druckmeßkammem mit Leitungen zur Pumpensaug- und -druckseite verbunden sind - das Wassermangelventil im Gaseingang zum Brenner geöffnet und der Brennerstart freigegeben.In the case of circulation gas water heaters for multi-storey heating systems, similar low water protection devices are used for the heating water circuit. If the temperature set on the thermostat or on the weather-compensated controller is undershot, the circulation pump starts. Due to the differential pressure of the circulation pump, the water shortage valve in the gas inlet to the burner is opened via the flow switch of a membrane switch, the pressure measuring chambers of which are connected to the suction and pressure side of the pump, and the burner is started.

Diese Wassermangelsicherungen auf der Basis von Membranschaltem sind zum Teil sehr kompilziert aufgebaut und sehr aufwendig bei der Installation.These low water protection devices based on membrane switches are sometimes very complex and very complex to install.

Weiter sind für den Heizwasserkreislauf noch Durchsatzmesser für das Wasser, sogenannte "Paddelschalter", bekannt. Diese erwiesen sich jedoch als relativ störungsanfällig, so daß es Aufgabe dervorliegenden Erfindung ist, eine einfache und sichere Überwachung der Wasserströmung beziehungsweise eine Wassermangelsicherung, vorzugsweise für den Heizwasserkreislauf, zu entwickeln.Flow meters for the water, so-called "paddle switches", are also known for the heating water circuit. However, these proved to be relatively susceptible to faults, so that it is the object of the present invention to develop a simple and reliable monitoring of the water flow or a lack of water protection, preferably for the heating water circuit.

Die Lösung dieserAufgabe gelingt bei einem Verfahren gemäß dem einleitenden Teil durch die Schritte, daß die Heizwassertemperatur an einer weiteren Stelle an oder im Wärmetauscher ungefähr in der Mitte zwischen Vor- und Rücklaufleitung gemessen wird, daß die Temperaturdifferenz ΔT zwischen der Vodauftemperatur T2 und dieser Heizwassertemperatur T1 ermittelt wird, daß diese Temperaturdifferenz A T mit einer in der Regeleinrichtung gespeicherten Maximaltemperatudifferenz Δ Tmax und einer Mindesttemperaturdifferenz ΔTmin verglichen wird und daß neben dem ersten Abschaltkriterium T2 - T1 > ΔTmax diese Temperaturdifferenz ΔT als zweites Abschaltkriterium ΔT < ΔTmin verwendet wird.This task is solved in a method according to the introductory part by the steps that the heating water temperature is measured at a further point on or in the heat exchanger approximately in the middle between the supply and return lines, that the temperature difference ΔT between the pre-heating temperature T 2 and this heating water temperature T 1 is determined that this temperature difference AT is compared with a maximum temperature difference Δ Tmax stored in the control device and a minimum temperature difference ΔTmin and that in addition to the first switch-off criterion T 2 - T 1 > ΔTmax, this temperature difference ΔT is used as the second switch-off criterion ΔT <ΔTmin.

Durch die Messung der Heizwassertemperatur ungefähr in der Mitte zwischen Vor- und Rücklaufleitung, durch die Bildung der Temperaturdifferenz ΔT und den anschließenden Vergleich mit den vorgegebenen Temperaturdifferenzen ist es möglich festzustellen, ob noch eine ausreichende Wasserströmung vorhanden ist. Selbstverständlich sollen beide Abschaltkriterien nur wirksam werden, wenn der Brenner in Betrieb ist.By measuring the heating water temperature approximately in the middle between the supply and return lines, by forming the temperature difference ΔT and then comparing it with the specified temperature differences, it is possible to determine whether there is still a sufficient water flow. Of course, both switch-off criteria should only take effect when the burner is in operation.

Da nach Stillstandszeiten des Brenners durch Abkühlvorgänge im Gerät die Anfangswerte der Temperaturen nicht definiert sind, wird nach einer weiteren Maßnahme der Erfindung das Abschaltkriterium Δ T < ΔTmin während der Anlaufphase nach dem Brennerstart für kurze Zeit unterdrückt.Since the initial values of the temperatures are not defined after the burner has come to a standstill due to cooling processes in the device, according to a further measure of the invention the switch-off criterion Δ T <ΔTmin is suppressed for a short time during the start-up phase after the burner has started.

Da die Abschaltkriterien aus verschiedenen Gründen eintreten können und daher auch unterschiedliche Maßnahmen erfordern, ist erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen, daß bei Eintreten des Abschaltkriteriums T2- T1 > ΔTmax der Brenner durch die Regeleinrichtung für eine Sperrdauer von beispielsweise 5 Minuten abgeschaltet wird, während der bei Wärmeanforderung ein erneuter Brennerstart verhindert wird.Since the shutdown CRITERIA may occur for various reasons and therefore require also different measures, the invention provides that upon the occurrence of the switch-off criterion T 2 - T 1> ΔTmax, the burner is switched off by the control device for a lock period of for example 5 minutes, while the if the heat is requested, a new burner start is prevented.

Ein derartigerAbschaltfall könnte beispielsweise auftreten, wenn aufgrund von Thermostatventilen an den Heizkörpern der Heizwasserumlauf schwächer wird.Such a shutdown could occur, for example, if the heating water circulation becomes weaker due to thermostatic valves on the radiators.

Nach einer weiteren Maßnahme der Erfindung wird jedoch bei Eintreten des zweiten Abschaltkriteriums ΔT < ΔTmin der Brenner durch die Regeleinrichtung verriegelnd abgeschaltet und eine optische Wassermangelwamung, beispielsweise über Display, eingeschaltet.According to a further measure of the invention, however, when the second switch-off criterion .DELTA.T <.DELTA.Tmin occurs, the burner is switched off in a locking manner by the control device and an optical water deficiency warning, for example via the display, is switched on.

Sinkt die Temperaturdifferenz AT unter die Mindestdifferenz ΔTmin, so heißt dies, daß ein Heizwasserumlauf praktisch nicht mehr vorhanden ist. Das im Wärmetauscher erwärmte Wasser wird nicht mehr abgeführt, und das Gerät muß wegen Übefiüzungsgefahr verriegelnd abgeschaltet werden.If the temperature difference AT drops below the minimum difference ΔTmin, this means that there is practically no longer any heating water circulation. The water heated in the heat exchanger is no longer drained off and the device must be switched off in a locking manner due to the risk of overuse.

Eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens zum Überwachen des Heizwasserumlaufes bei einem Gaswasserheizer, bestehend aus mindestens einem von einem Brenner beheizten Wärmetauscher, an den eine Heizwasser-Vorlaufleitung mit einem Temperaturfühler für die Vorlauftemperaturregelung sowie eine Heizwasser-Rücklaufleitung, in der sich eine Heizwasser-Umwälzpumpe befindet, angeschlossen ist, mit einer Regeleinrichtung, in die Soll-Werte, wie beispielsweise die maximale Vorlauftemperatur oder dergleichen, eingebbar und speicherbar sind und welche mit einem Feuerungsautomaten leitungsmäßig verbunden ist, ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ungefähr in der Mitte zwischen Vor- und Rücklaufleitung ein an sich bekannter Temperaturfühler, insbesondere ein NTC-Fühler mit kleiner Zeitkonstante, vorgesehen ist, daß ein in der Regeleinrichtung angeordnetes Subtrahierglied die Temperaturdifferenz zwischen dem Vorlauf-Temperaturfühler und diesem Heizwasser-Temperaturfühler ermittelt und daß in der Regeleinrichtung eine an sich bekannte Komperatorschaltung vorgesehen ist, durch welche das Eintreten beider Abschaltkriterien A T > ΔTmax und AT < ΔTmin erfaßbar ist und ein Abschalten des Brenners durch den Feuerungsautomaten über die Stelleitung durchführbar ist.A device for carrying out the method for monitoring the heating water circulation in a gas water heater, consisting of at least one heat exchanger heated by a burner, to which a heating water supply line with a temperature sensor for the flow temperature control and a heating water return line, in which a heating water circulation pump is located, is connected, with a control device into which set values such as the maximum flow temperature or the like can be entered and Can be stored and which is connected by line to an automatic burner control system, is characterized in that a temperature sensor known per se, in particular an NTC sensor with a small time constant, is provided approximately in the middle between the supply and return lines, in that a subtractor arranged in the control device is provided the temperature difference between the flow temperature sensor and this heating water temperature sensor is determined and that a known comparator circuit is provided in the control device, by means of which the occurrence of both switch-off criteria AT> ΔTmax and AT <ΔTmin can be detected and a The burner can be switched off by the burner control via the line.

Durch die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung ist eine einfache und sichere Überwachung der Wasserzirkulation in der Heizwasserleitung möglich. Die Installation eines zweiten Temperaturfühlers sowie das Vorsehen der elektronischen Bauteile in der Regeleinrichtung erfordern keinen besonderen Aufwand.The device according to the invention enables simple and reliable monitoring of the water circulation in the heating water line. The installation of a second temperature sensor and the provision of the electronic components in the control device require no special effort.

Weitere Einzelheiten, Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung werden anhand der nachfolgenden Beschreibung unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnung näher erläutert. Die Zeichnung zeigt schematisch einen teilweise dargestellten Umlauf-Gaswasserheizer.Further details, features and advantages of the invention are explained in more detail with reference to the following description with reference to the drawing. The drawing schematically shows a partially shown circulation gas water heater.

Der in der Figur teilweise gezeichnete Umlaufwasserheizer weist einen von einem Brenner 1 beheizten zweigeteilten Heizwasser-Wärmetauscher 2,3 auf. Zwischen dem Wärmetauscherteil 2 und dem Wärmetauscherteil 3 ist in einer Verbindungsleitung 4, die auch eine Wasserkappe oder sonstige Verbindung eines beziehungsweise innerhalb eines einteiligen Wärmetauschers sein kann, ein Temperaturfühler 5 zur Erfassung der Temperatur T1, zum Beispiel ein NTC-Fühler, installiert. Bei einem aus mehreren Rohrbündeln gebildeten, sich über wenigstens zwei Etagen erstreckenden Wärmetauscher kommt als Anordnungsstelle für den Temperaturfühler 5 jede Etagenverbindung in Frage. An den Wärmetauscherteil 2 ist eine mit einer Umwälzpumpe 6 versehene Heizwasser-Rücklaufleitung 7, an den Wärmetauscherteil 3 eine Heizwasser-Vorlaufleitung 8 angeschlossen. In der Heizwasser-Vorlaufleitung 8 ist in einem gewissen Abstand vom Wärmetauscher 3 ein zweiter Temperaturfühler 9 angeordnet, der ebenfalls ein NTC-Fühler sein kann und der die Vorlauftemperatur T2 überwacht.The circulating water heater partially shown in the figure has a two-part heating water heat exchanger 2, 3 heated by a burner 1. Between the heat exchanger part 2 and the heat exchanger part 3, a temperature sensor 5 for detecting the temperature T 1 , for example an NTC sensor, is installed in a connecting line 4, which can also be a water cap or other connection of or within a one-part heat exchanger. In the case of a heat exchanger formed from a plurality of tube bundles and extending over at least two levels, any level connection can be used as an arrangement point for the temperature sensor 5. A heating water return line 7 provided with a circulation pump 6 is connected to the heat exchanger part 2, and a heating water supply line 8 is connected to the heat exchanger part 3. A second temperature sensor 9, which can also be an NTC sensor and which monitors the flow temperature T 2 , is arranged in the heating water supply line 8 at a certain distance from the heat exchanger 3.

Der Brenner 1 wird über eine Gasleitung 10, in der ein Gasventil 11, welches durch einen Magnetschalter 12 gesteuert wird, mit Gas versorgt Weiter sind eine Zündeinrichtung 13 und eine Flammenmeldeeinrichtung dem Brenner 1 zugeordnet und über Leitungen mit einem Feuerungsautomaten 14 verbunden. Der Magnetschalter 12 für das Gasventil 11 ist ebenfalls über eine Stelleitung 16 mit dem Feuerungsautomaten 14 verbunden, der wiederum über Steuerleitungen 21 und Rückmeldeleitungen 22 mit einer Regeleinrichtung 15 in Verbindung steht.The burner 1 is supplied with gas via a gas line 10, in which a gas valve 11, which is controlled by a magnetic switch 12, is also supplied with an ignition device 13 and a flame detection device and connected to a burner control 14 via lines. The magnetic switch 12 for the gas valve 11 is also connected via a control line 16 to the automatic firing device 14, which in turn is connected to a control device 15 via control lines 21 and feedback lines 22.

Von der Regeleinrichtung 15 führt eine Stelleitung 17 zum Elektromotor 18 der Heizwasser-Umwälzpumpe 6. Weiter ist die Regeleinrichtung 15 über eine Leitung 19 mit dem Heizwasser-Temperaturfühler 5 und über eine Leitung 20 mit dem Vorlauf-Temperaturfühler 9 verbunden. Die Regeleinrichtung 15, welche eine Schaltung mit einem Subtrahierglied zur Bestimmung der Temperaturdifferenz ΔT = T2 - T1 sowie eine Komperatorschaltung zum Vergleichen dieser Temperaturdifferenz mit einer Mindesttemperaturdifferenz ΔTmin und einer Maximaltemperatur differenz ΔTmax aufweist, ist auch mit einem Display zur Meldung von besonderen Betriebszuständen ausgestattet.A control line 17 leads from the control device 15 to the electric motor 18 of the heating water circulating pump 6. Furthermore, the control device 15 is connected to the heating water temperature sensor 5 via a line 19 and to the flow temperature sensor 9 via a line 20. The control device 15, which has a circuit with a subtractor for determining the temperature difference ΔT = T 2 - T 1 and a comparator circuit for comparing this temperature difference with a minimum temperature difference ΔTmin and a maximum temperature difference ΔTmax, is also equipped with a display for reporting special operating states .

Das vorliegende Verfahren beziehungsweise die Vorrichtung ist hier an einem Umlauf-Gaswasserheizer mit geteiltem Wärmetauscher dargelegt worden. Wird ein einteiliger Wärmetauscher verwendet, so müßte der Heizwasser-Temperaturfühler 5 gemäß der Erfindung ungefähr in der Mitte zwischen Vor- und Rücklaufleitung, also ungefähr in der Mitte des Wärmetauschers angeordnet sein.The present method or the device has been set out here on a circulation gas water heater with a divided heat exchanger. If a one-piece heat exchanger is used, the heating water temperature sensor 5 according to the invention would have to be arranged approximately in the middle between the supply and return lines, that is to say approximately in the middle of the heat exchanger.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren funktioniert an einem Umlaufwasserheizer, wie er oben beschrieben worden ist, wie folgt:

  • Es wird davon ausgegangen, daß sich der Umlauf-Gaswasserheizer in kaltem Zustand befindet, daß heißt, die Heizwassertemperatur T1 beim Heizwasser-Temperaturfühler 5 und die Vorlauftemperatur T2 beim Vorlauf-Temperaturfühler 9 sind annähernd gleich. Es könnte also der Zustand für das zweite Abschaltkriterium ΔT < ΔTmin gegeben sein. Da jedoch erfindungsgemäß das zweite Abschaltkriterium während der Anlaufphase nach einem Brennerstart durch ein Zeitglied unterdrückt wird, läuft der Heizbetrieb an. Bei vorhandenem Heizwasserumlauf durch die Heizwasser-Umwälzpumpe 6 wird der Vorlauf-Temperaturfühler 9 nach einigen Sekunden eine höhere Temperatur als der Heizwasserfühler 5 anzeigen, so daß sich eine positive Temperaturdifferenz A T = T2 - T1 ergibt Die erforderliche Maximaltemperaturdifferenz ΔTmax ist je nach Art und Größe der Anlage verschieden. Bei ungestörtem Betrieb wird nach Erreichen einer gewünschten Vodauftemperatur T2 der Brenner 1 über die Regeleinrichtung 15 und den Feuerungsautomat 14 abgeschaltet. Da die Pumpe 6 noch kurze Zeit weiterläuft, wird auch die Restwärme abgeführt.
The method according to the invention functions as follows on a circulating water heater as described above:
  • It is assumed that the circulating gas water heater is in the cold state, that is, the heating water temperature T 1 in the heating water temperature sensor 5 and the flow temperature T 2 in the flow temperature sensor 9 are approximately the same. The state for the second switch-off criterion ΔT <ΔTmin could therefore exist. However, since, according to the invention, the second switch-off criterion is suppressed by a timer during the start-up phase after a burner start, the heating operation starts. If the heating water circulates through the heating water circulation pump 6, the flow temperature sensor 9 will show a higher temperature than the heating water sensor 5 after a few seconds, so that there is a positive temperature difference AT = T 2 - T 1. The required maximum temperature difference ΔTmax depends on the type and Size of the plant different. In the case of undisturbed operation, the burner 1 is switched off via the control device 15 and the automatic burner control 14 after a desired pre-heating temperature T 2 has been reached . Since the pump 6 continues to run for a short time, the residual heat is also dissipated.

Tritt jedoch der Fall ein, daß sich bei laufender Pumpe der Umlauf nach und nach verringert, so wird die Temperaturdifferenz zwischen der Vorlauftemperatur T2 und der Heizwassertemperatur T1 immer größer, bis bei einer gegen Null gehenden Wasserumlaufgeschwindigkeit die durch den Brenner 1 erzeugte Wärmemenge zu einer Temperaturdifferenz > ΔTmax führt. Das Eintreten dieses unzulässigen Zustandes wird jedoch durch die vorliegende Erfindung verhindert.However, the case arises that while ongoing Pump the circulation gradually reduced, so the temperature difference between the flow temperature T 2 and the heating water temperature T 1 becomes larger and greater, until the amount of heat generated by the burner 1 leads to a temperature difference> ΔTmax at a water circulation speed approaching zero. The occurrence of this impermissible state is prevented by the present invention.

Reicht der sich verringernde Umlauf nicht mehr aus, um die Wärme abführen zu können, so wird das erste Abschaltkriterium, nämlich T2 - T1 > ΔTmax zum Tragen kommen, und der Brenner 1 wird abgeschaltet. In der Folge kann durch den zuvor geringen Umlauf und die Brennerrestwärme auch das zweite Abschaltkriterium noch erreicht werden, welches aber bei der bereits durch das erste Abschaltkriterium stillgelegten Anlage nicht mehr wirksam wird. Das Gerät wird bei einer solchen Abschaltfolge durch die Regeleinrichtung für die Dauer von beispielsweise 5 Minuten gesperrt, während der bei Wärmeanforderung ein Brennerstart verhindert wird.If the decreasing circulation is no longer sufficient to be able to dissipate the heat, the first switch-off criterion, namely T 2 - T 1 > ΔT max, will apply and the burner 1 will be switched off. As a result, the previously low circulation and the residual burner heat also enable the second switch-off criterion to be achieved, but this is no longer effective in the system already shut down by the first switch-off criterion. In such a shutdown sequence, the device is blocked by the control device for a period of, for example, 5 minutes, during which a burner start is prevented when heat is requested.

Nimmt hingegen der Wasserumlauf so schnell ab, daß das erste Abschaltkriterium nicht mehr erreicht wird, oder besteht bei Brennerstart gar kein Wasserumlauf, so erfolgt bei Unterschreiten der Mindesttemperaturdifferenz ein verriegelndes Abschalten des Brenners durch die Regeleinrichtung 15. Gleichzeitig wird eine optische Wassermangelwarnung, beispielsweise über Display, ausgegeben.If, on the other hand, the water circulation decreases so quickly that the first switch-off criterion is no longer met, or if there is no water circulation at the start of the burner, the burner is shut off by the control device 15 if the temperature drops below the minimum temperature difference , issued.

Durch das vorliegende Verfahren beziehungsweise die Vorrichtung kann ein Überhitzen des Gerätes wirksam verhindert werden. Zur Restwärmeabführung laufen nach dem Schließen des Magnetventiles 11 die Pumpe 6 und ein gegebenenfalls vorhandener Lüfter so lange weiter, wie die Bedingungen T1 < Tmax und T2 < Tmax nicht erfüllt sind, wobei Tmax etwa um 100°C gewählt wird.Overheating of the device can be effectively prevented by the present method or the device. For the removal of residual heat, after the solenoid valve 11 has been closed, the pump 6 and any fan, if any, continue to run as long as the conditions T 1 <Tmax and T 2 <Tmax are not met, Tmax being selected around 100 ° C.

Claims (7)

1. Verfahren zur Überwachung des Heizwasserumlaufes bei einem Gaswasserheizer, mit einem in der Heizwasser-Vodaufleitung angeordneten Temperaturfühler für die Vorlauftemperaturregelung, wobei die Vorlauftemperatur laufend überwacht, mit einer in einer Regeleinrichtung, welche mit einem Feuerungsautomaten leitungsmäßig verbunden ist, gespeicherten maximalen Vorlauftemperatur verglichen und bei Überschreiten dieser Temperatur der Brenner abgeschaltet wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Heizwassertemperatur an einer weiteren Stelle am oder im Wärmetauscher ungefähr in der Mitte zwischen Vor- und Rücklaufleitung gemessen wird, daß die Temperaturdifferenz AT zwischen der Vorlauftemperatur T2 und dieser Heizwassertemperatur T1 ermittelt wird, daß diese Temperaturdifferenz AT mit einer in der Regeleinrichtung gespeicherten Maximaltemperaturdifferenz Δ Tmax und einer Mindesttemperaturdifferenz Δ Tmin verglichen wird und daß neben dem ersten Abschaltkriterium T2 - T1 > ΔTmax diese Temperaturdifferenz ΔT als zweites Abschaltkriterium Δ T < ΔTmin verwendet wird.1. A method for monitoring the Heizwasserumlaufes at a gas water heater with a in the heating water Vo d layout default arranged temperature sensor for the flow temperature control, wherein the flow temperature continuously monitored, compared with a in a control device which is flow-connected with a burner control, stored maximum flow temperature and if this temperature is exceeded, the burner is switched off, characterized in that the heating water temperature is measured at a further point on or in the heat exchanger approximately in the middle between the supply and return lines, that the temperature difference AT between the supply temperature T 2 and this heating water temperature T 1 it is determined that this temperature difference aT and a minimum temperature difference Δ Tmin is compared with a stored in the control device maximum temperature difference Δ Tmax and that in addition the first switch-off criterion T 2 - T 1> Tmax, this temperature difference AT is used as the second switch-off criterion Δ T <Tmin. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das zweite Abschaltkriterium während der Anlaufphase nach dem Brennerstart unterdrückt wird.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the second switch-off criterion is suppressed during the start-up phase after the burner has started. 3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß bei Eintreten des ersten Abschaltkriteriums T2 - T1 > ΔTmax der Brenner durch die Regeleinrichtung für eine Sperrdauer von beispielsweise 5 Minuten abgeschaltet wird, während der bei Wärmeanforderung ein erneuter Brennerstart verhindert wird.3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that when the first switch-off criterion T 2 - T 1 > ΔTmax the burner is switched off by the control device for a blocking period of, for example, 5 minutes, during which a new burner start is prevented when heat is requested. 4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß bei Eintreten des zweiten Abschattkriteriums ΔT < ΔTmin der Brenner durch die Regeleinrichtung verriegelnd abgeschaltet und eine optische Wassermangelwarnung, beispielsweise über Display, eingeschaltet wird.4. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that when the second shading criterion .DELTA.T <.DELTA.Tmin occurs, the burner is locked by the control device and an optical water shortage warning, for example via the display, is switched on. 5. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß bei Erreichen beider Abschaltkriterien die Regeleinrichtung für eine Sperrzeit gesperrt wird und daß ein Brennerstart verhindert wird.5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that when both shutdown criteria are reached, the control device is blocked for a blocking time and that a burner start is prevented. 6. Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, bei einem Gaswasserheizer, bestehend aus mindestens einem von einem Brenner beheizten Wärmetauscher, an den eine Heizwasser-Vorlaufleitung mit einem Temperaturfühler für die Vodauftemperaturregelung sowie eine Heizwasser-Rücklaufleitung, in der sich eine Heizwasser-Umwälzpumpe befindet, angeschlossen ist, mit einer Regeleinrichtung, in die Soll-Werte, wie beispielsweise die maximale Vorlauftemperatur oder dergleichen, eingebbar und speicherbar sind und welche mit einem Feuerungsautomaten leitungsmäßig verbunden ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ungefähr in der Mitte zwischen Vor- und Rücklaufleitung (7, 8) ein an sich bekannter Temperaturfühler (5), insbesondere ein NTC-Fühler mit kleiner Zeitkonstante, vorgesehen ist, daß ein in der Regeleinrichtung (15) angeordnetes Subtrahierglied die Temperaturdifferenz zwischen dem Vorlauf Temperaturfühler (9) und diesem Heizwasser-Temperaturfühler (5) ermittelt und daß in der Regeleinrichtung (15) eine an sich bekannte Komperatorschaltung vorgesehen ist, durch welche das Eintreten der Abschaltkriterien ΔT < ΔTmin und ΔT > ΔTmax erfaßbar und ein Abschalten des Brenners (1) durch den Feuerungsautomaten (14) über die Stelleitung (16) durchführbar ist.6. Apparatus for carrying out the method according to one of claims 1 to 5, in a gas water heater consisting of at least one heat exchanger heated by a burner, to which a heating water supply line with a temperature sensor for the Vodaufemperature control and a heating water return line in which a heating water circulation pump is connected, is connected to a control device in which setpoints, such as the maximum flow temperature or the like, can be entered and stored and which is connected to the line with a burner control, characterized in that approximately in the middle between before - And return line (7, 8) a known temperature sensor (5), in particular an NTC sensor with a small time constant, is provided that a subtractor arranged in the control device (15), the temperature difference between the flow temperature sensor (9) and this Heating water temperature sensor (5) determined and that in the control device (15) a known comparator circuit is provided, through which the occurrence of the switch-off criteria ΔT <ΔTmin and ΔT> ΔTmax can be detected and the burner (1) can be switched off by the burner control unit (14) via the line (16) is. 7. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das zweite Abschaltkriterium ΔT < ΔTmin während der Anlaufphase nach dem Brennerstart durch ein in der Steuerungseinrichtung vorgesehenes Zeitglied unterdrückbar ist.7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that the second switch-off criterion .DELTA.T <.DELTA.Tmin can be suppressed during the start-up phase after starting the burner by a timer provided in the control device.
EP90710036A 1989-12-12 1990-12-12 Method and apparatus for controlling the hotwater circulation in a gas fired waterheater Expired - Lifetime EP0433215B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT2809/89 1989-12-12
AT0280989A AT395776B (en) 1989-12-12 1989-12-12 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR MONITORING THE HEATING WATER CIRCUIT IN A GAS WATER HEATER

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EP0433215A1 true EP0433215A1 (en) 1991-06-19
EP0433215B1 EP0433215B1 (en) 1992-10-07

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AT (2) AT395776B (en)
DE (2) DE59000349D1 (en)
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GR (1) GR3006373T3 (en)

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EP0321833A2 (en) * 1987-12-22 1989-06-28 Bayer Ag Process for the preparation of 4-amino-1,2,4-triazol-5-ones
AT273U3 (en) * 1994-10-25 1995-09-25 Landis & Gry Tech Innovat Ag METHOD AND DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING A HEAT EXCHANGER
EP0773411A1 (en) * 1995-11-11 1997-05-14 Robert Bosch Gmbh Method for controlling a gas-fired water heater

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AT405449B (en) * 1992-09-21 1999-08-25 Vaillant Gmbh METHOD FOR CONTROLLING A HEATING SYSTEM AND DEVICE FOR IMPLEMENTING THE METHOD
AT401300B (en) * 1992-10-02 1996-07-25 Vaillant Gmbh SAFETY DEVICE FOR A WATER HEATER
DE4343256C2 (en) * 1993-12-17 2000-11-16 Bsh Bosch Siemens Hausgeraete Water heater
DE19633317A1 (en) * 1996-08-19 1998-02-26 Kromschroeder Ag G Control arrangement for a burner
DE19956426C1 (en) * 1999-11-24 2001-05-03 Honeywell Bv Water temperature monitoring device e.g. for detecting maximum permissible water temperature for heat exchanger, provides cut-out of burner for heating water for safety protection of heat exchanger
DE10114823A1 (en) * 2001-03-26 2002-10-10 Siemens Building Tech Ag Method and device for monitoring burners
DE102022100488A1 (en) 2022-01-11 2023-07-13 Vaillant Gmbh Method for operating a flame-forming heater of a heating system, computer program, storage medium, regulation and control unit, heater and use of a flow rate of a heating system and an ionization signal of a heater

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NL7801456A (en) * 1977-02-26 1978-08-29 Honeywell Bv GAS FIRED HOT WATER UNIT.

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0321833A2 (en) * 1987-12-22 1989-06-28 Bayer Ag Process for the preparation of 4-amino-1,2,4-triazol-5-ones
EP0321833B1 (en) * 1987-12-22 1993-11-18 Bayer Ag Process for the preparation of 4-amino-1,2,4-triazol-5-ones
AT273U3 (en) * 1994-10-25 1995-09-25 Landis & Gry Tech Innovat Ag METHOD AND DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING A HEAT EXCHANGER
EP0773411A1 (en) * 1995-11-11 1997-05-14 Robert Bosch Gmbh Method for controlling a gas-fired water heater

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE81398T1 (en) 1992-10-15
AT395776B (en) 1993-03-25
DK0433215T3 (en) 1993-01-25
GR3006373T3 (en) 1993-06-21
DE59000349D1 (en) 1992-11-12
DE4039643A1 (en) 1991-06-13
EP0433215B1 (en) 1992-10-07
ES2036106T3 (en) 1993-05-01
ATA280989A (en) 1992-07-15

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