EP0430957A1 - Elements de construction difficilement inflammables, en particulier des panneaux, et procede de fabrication - Google Patents

Elements de construction difficilement inflammables, en particulier des panneaux, et procede de fabrication

Info

Publication number
EP0430957A1
EP0430957A1 EP89907742A EP89907742A EP0430957A1 EP 0430957 A1 EP0430957 A1 EP 0430957A1 EP 89907742 A EP89907742 A EP 89907742A EP 89907742 A EP89907742 A EP 89907742A EP 0430957 A1 EP0430957 A1 EP 0430957A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
components
components according
weight
flame retardant
mixture
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP89907742A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Robert Graf
Dieter Annemaier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Gruenau Illertissen GmbH
Original Assignee
Chemische Fabrik Gruenau AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Chemische Fabrik Gruenau AG filed Critical Chemische Fabrik Gruenau AG
Publication of EP0430957A1 publication Critical patent/EP0430957A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K21/00—Fireproofing materials
    • C09K21/06—Organic materials
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10S428/92—Fire or heat protection feature
    • Y10S428/921—Fire or flameproofing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S52/00—Static structures, e.g. buildings
    • Y10S52/09—Structure including reclaimed component, e.g. trash
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31971—Of carbohydrate
    • Y10T428/31993—Of paper
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/699—Including particulate material other than strand or fiber material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to flame-retardant components, in particular elattas, and a method for their production.
  • DE-OS 34 16 473 describes a process for producing molded parts from fibrous waste materials and adhesives.
  • the parts manufactured in this way are comparable in terms of their mechanical and insulation properties to lightweight construction and insulation panels made of foamed plastics and have the advantage of being environmentally friendly. In terms of fire protection, however, they are clearly inferior.
  • part 1 When using the fire pit method in accordance with DIN 4102, part 1, such a violent fire phenomenon, combined with rapid fire spreading, shows that panels according to DE-OS 34 16 473 are only flammable building materials (building material class B 2) or even highly flammable building materials ( Building material class B 3) can be classified.
  • the invention has for its object to provide components utilizing waste materials, which have the desired mechanical properties and, moreover, are more difficult.
  • the invention relates to flame-retardant components, in particular panels, made from a pressed mixture
  • Sheets or other molded parts such as pipe shells, which consist of such a mixture, meet the criteria for "flame-resistant building materials" with a considerable safety margin.
  • they also have technical advantages over a variety of commercially available panels, molded parts or cladding materials. So they are of commercial quality compared to chipboard much lighter, cheaper in fire behavior and more water resistant. The latter property is particularly evident in the fact that the water absorption can be significantly reduced and in addition no dimensional changes (sources) are found.
  • foam plastic panels there are not only fire protection-related advantages, but also acoustic and building-physical advantages (open porosity).
  • the components also have good sound and thermal insulation properties.
  • the individual components, at least the plastic waste material and at least some of the inorganic additives, are preferably present in the components in a heterogeneous mixture, in particular in a coarsely heterogeneous mixture. Surprisingly, this brings considerable advantages for that
  • the waste material is preferably present in the component in the form of parts or pieces, preferably in a size of 1 to 20 mm, in particular 2 to 15 mm.
  • Flat parts in which the thickness is 0.01 to 4 mm, in particular 0.5 to 2 mm, are particularly advantageous.
  • the heterogeneous structure of the component means that the parts of the waste material in the component can be arranged spatially separated from one another, non-combustible additives and / or flame retardants being located between the parts of the waste material. If the components come into contact with fire, individual parts of the waste material can burn off on the surface, but the fire cannot continue because of the subsequent inert filler material or the fire protection agents.
  • the waste materials are advantageously in the form of small pieces of nonwoven fabric.
  • the invention is of particular importance for the recycling of polyester fibers, in particular in the form of irregularly large area pieces of nonwoven fabrics as waste pro large quantities of products and pose a significant disposal problem.
  • waste from natural fibers can also be used, which in turn is preferably not in the form of individual fibers, but rather in the form of pieces or particles.
  • cellulose can be in the form of shredded paper, cotton in the form of pieces of tissue or balls of fiber.
  • Other plastics which can be in the form of fibers, pieces of film or in other lumpy form, can also be used.
  • waste materials can also consist of polyacrylonitrile, polystyrene, nylon, polypropylene or polyethylene.
  • the waste material need not necessarily consist of real waste. Similar to chipboard, which was originally made from waste chips, the combustible organic material can be specifically produced and processed for the components according to the invention.
  • the flame retardant mixture is advantageously free of aliphatic and aromatic halogen compounds and in particular also free of antimony salts and other heavy metal compounds, so that no harmful substances are released in the event of fire, as is the case with these classic fire retardants.
  • the entire component is preferably free of such substances.
  • the component is advantageously stiff and has high strength. This is particularly high if the waste materials are in fiber form.
  • the component can be machined and can be sawn, nailed, drilled and glued, for example. Due to its heterogeneous and relatively coarse-grained primary structure, the component is permeable to air and also has low thermal conductivity.
  • the primary particles themselves are advantageously permeable to air, such as the fleece particles or balls of fiber, for example.
  • the surface of the component can be designed so that the individual components can be clearly distinguished, in particular the waste pieces and the inorganic additives are clearly recognizable and can be distinguished from one another.
  • the density of the components depends on the density of the individual components and the degree of compression of the mixture. As a rule, the density is between 300 and 1000 kg / m 3 , in particular between 350 and 800 kg / m 3 . Densities in the range between 450 and
  • the compressive strength is preferably at least 2 N / mm 2 , in particular at least 3 N / mm 2 . These are average values since the heterogeneity is normally in the range between 1 mm 2 and 100 mm 2 .
  • the adhesive is at least partially a two-component adhesive or thermoset.
  • a hot melt adhesive can also be used.
  • the adhesive is preferably evenly distributed in the component in order to obtain a homogeneous solidification of the different components.
  • the adhesive can also be an elastomer adhesive which, if desired, imparts elastic properties to the component, for example when a certain flexibility or elastic flexibility is desired.
  • the inorganic fillers are preferably inert with respect to heat and / or chemically. On the one hand, they can be used to spatially separate the combustible waste materials. On the other hand, they can also be used to correct strength values, density and other mechanical properties. A combined application is preferred.
  • the inorganic fillers are preferably at least in part, in particular at least for the most part, in the form of inorganic fibers.
  • the fiber length is preferably in the range of 0.5 up to 20 mm.
  • the fibers can also be considerably longer if the fibers are wound into fiber balls, the size of which is on the order of the particles of the waste material. Such fibrous additives are particularly advantageous where the waste materials themselves do not provide sufficient strength for the component.
  • fillers in the form of light fillers are particularly advantageous where a low-density component is desired.
  • Such light fillers are particularly mineral in origin.
  • Examples of such light fillers are hollow glass spheres, hollow aluminum silicate spheres, expanded clay, expanded vermiculite or pearlite, and gas concrete.
  • the size of these light fillers is usually in the range between 0.01 and 2 mm.
  • the inorganic fiber materials can be glass fiber, mineral fiber, slag fiber and ceramic fiber.
  • the fibrous fillers are present in larger quantities than non-fibrous fillers.
  • the ratio of fibrous fillers to non-fibrous fillers is normally 2: 1 to 4: 1, in particular approximately 3: 1.
  • the flame retardant mixture preferably has an ablative effect (energy and / or substance-consuming) and acts in particular in two directions, and for this purpose preferably contains components that have a carbonizing effect on the one hand and gas components that split off on the other.
  • the carbonizing components quickly lead to charring of combustible components.
  • There are no additional carbon dispensers for the carbonizing components since in the event of a fire the carbonization should take place on the combustible waste materials.
  • the carbon formation largely removes the carbon from the one combustion process, at least initially.
  • the flame retardant mixture preferably also contains gas-releasing components, which are non-combustible gases or vapors delt.
  • the carbonizing constituents and / or the gas-releasing constituents are advantageously water-insoluble or water-resistant, so that they can develop their effect even after being moistened several times.
  • glazing additives such as borates, can also be present in the mixture.
  • the entire component is particularly advantageously composed of water-resistant materials, so that it is not damaged or destroyed by the action of moisture or water.
  • the flame retardant mixture preferably contains at least one phosphate, in particular a condensed phosphate.
  • a condensed phosphate is ammonium polyphosphate.
  • the phosphates develop already at temperatures from approx.
  • Suitable gas-releasing components are hydroxides, such as aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, which release water, and carbonates, such as calcium carbonate, which release carbon dioxide. Basic carbonates can split off both water and CO 2 .
  • a combination of constituents which begin with the elimination of gas at different temperatures is preferred. For example, the elimination of water with aluminum hydroxide begins at approximately 200 °, whereas the elimination of water with magnesium hydroxide begins at approximately 350 °, so that the elimination of gas takes place over a larger temperature range.
  • the method for producing the components according to the invention is that the individual mixture components are gently mixed with one another and pressed to the desired density, the pressure being maintained until the adhesive has hardened to a sufficient extent. If hot melt adhesives are used or thermoset adhesives only set at higher temperatures, then pressing takes place at elevated temperatures, but still below the temperature at which charring components start to work. Therefore, the pressing temperature is normally at max. kept at approx. 200 ° C.
  • the individual components are mixed in the amounts specified above. Flammable materials are preferably used in an amount of 10 to 40% by weight. In the case of non-combustible inorganic fillers, such as fibers and light fillers, the preferred amount is 70 to 25% by weight. The amount of the flame retardant mixture essentially depends on the amount of combustible materials. The preferred range is 7.5 to 30% by weight. The preferred range of binders or adhesives is 5 to 15% by weight.
  • the waste parts are preferably already added in small pieces, the mixing being carried out in such a way that the waste parts are essentially not further crushed.
  • the same also applies to the inorganic fibers or fiber structures.
  • the inorganic fillers especially the
  • Light fillers can be added in the size in which they are commercially available.
  • the inorganic fibers can be shortened to a length of 1 to 2 cm or, if they are in a longer form, wound into balls.
  • the added balls are preferably obtained in their ball form when carefully mixed.
  • the adhesive is added in as fine a distribution as possible in order to be distributed evenly in the mixture.
  • the adhesive is preferably added in powder form. It is also possible to add adhesive components in the liquid state, for example by spraying.
  • adhesive components in the liquid state, for example by spraying.
  • formaldehyde condensates and other thermoset adhesives are also suitable.
  • the usual hot melt adhesives can also be used.
  • a chopped polyester fleece 15% by weight of a chopped polyester fleece are placed in a ploughshare mixer.
  • a binder / flame retardant mixture consisting of 30% by weight of urea-formaldehyde resin, 18% by weight of ammonium polyphosphate, 20% by weight of dimel amine diphosphate,
  • a ploughshare mixer 32.0% by weight of papi are shredded with 30.0% by weight of glass fibers, 12.5% by weight of perlite and 25.5% by weight of a binder / flame retardant mixture consisting of 23.5 % By weight of melamine-formaldehyde resin,

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Fireproofing Substances (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)

Abstract

Lesdits éléments de construction sont fabriqués à partir de déchets synthétiques combustibles. Ils comprennent en outre des éléments additionnels inorganiques non inflammables et un mélange d'agents ignifuges. Lesdits composants sont liés à l'aide d'au moins une colle durcie. Cette composition rend lesdits éléments de construction difficilement inflammables en dépit de leurs constituants combustibles.
EP89907742A 1988-07-16 1989-07-07 Elements de construction difficilement inflammables, en particulier des panneaux, et procede de fabrication Pending EP0430957A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3824149A DE3824149A1 (de) 1988-07-16 1988-07-16 Schwerentflammbare bauelemente, insbesondere platten, und verfahren zu ihrer herstellung
DE3824149 1988-07-16

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0430957A1 true EP0430957A1 (fr) 1991-06-12

Family

ID=6358812

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89907742A Pending EP0430957A1 (fr) 1988-07-16 1989-07-07 Elements de construction difficilement inflammables, en particulier des panneaux, et procede de fabrication
EP89112458A Expired - Lifetime EP0351670B1 (fr) 1988-07-16 1989-07-07 Eléments de construction difficilement inflammables, en particulier des plaques, et procédé pour les fabriquer

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89112458A Expired - Lifetime EP0351670B1 (fr) 1988-07-16 1989-07-07 Eléments de construction difficilement inflammables, en particulier des plaques, et procédé pour les fabriquer

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US5126076A (fr)
EP (2) EP0430957A1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3824149A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1990000576A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4010714A1 (de) * 1990-04-03 1991-10-10 Bernd Wahl Kunststoffverbundplatte
DE9115772U1 (de) * 1991-12-19 1992-03-05 Thermozell Entwicklungs- Und Vertriebs Ges.M.B.H., Glanegg Folienelement
DE9115773U1 (de) * 1991-12-19 1992-03-05 Thermozell Entwicklungs- Und Vertriebs Ges.M.B.H., Glanegg Verbundfolie
US5434200A (en) * 1993-10-28 1995-07-18 Pyrotite Corporation Water and fire resistant materials and methods for making the same
DE69318562T2 (de) * 1993-12-15 1998-09-10 Marina S P A Verfahren zur Herstellung von Isolierplatten aus Vliesstoffabfällen
IT1276840B1 (it) * 1994-04-14 1997-11-03 Eurocompositi Srl Pannello incombustibile e metodo per il suo ottenimento
US5542968A (en) * 1995-01-24 1996-08-06 Laroche Industries, Inc. Enthalphy Wheel
US5758508A (en) * 1996-02-05 1998-06-02 Larouche Industries Inc. Method and apparatus for cooling warm moisture-laden air
US5660048A (en) * 1996-02-16 1997-08-26 Laroche Industries, Inc. Air conditioning system for cooling warm moisture-laden air
US5860284A (en) * 1996-07-19 1999-01-19 Novel Aire Technologies, L.L.C. Thermally regenerated desiccant air conditioner with indirect evaporative cooler
SE513941C2 (sv) * 1996-12-16 2000-11-27 John Fellert Ljudabsorberande putsbruk huvudsakligen innefattande bomullsfibrer och expanderat mineral
WO2000069988A1 (fr) * 1999-05-18 2000-11-23 Prokop Vojtech Materiau calorifuge et insonorisant incombustible obtenu a partir de matieres dechets
US6518333B2 (en) 2000-12-29 2003-02-11 J.M. Huber Corporation Fire retardant ligno-cellulosic composite materials and a method for making the same
EP1733002B1 (fr) * 2004-03-31 2012-06-06 Olex Australia Pty Limited Composition de ceramification pour la protection anti-feu
DE102005053207A1 (de) * 2005-11-08 2007-05-10 Hübner GmbH Boden eines Übergangs zwischen zwei gelenkig miteinander verbundenen Fahrzeugen
WO2017116590A2 (fr) * 2015-12-08 2017-07-06 3M Innovative Properties Company Composites à matrice métallique comprenant des particules inorganiques et des fibres discontinues et leurs procédés de fabrication

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EP0162974B1 (fr) * 1983-11-05 1989-05-17 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Procédé de fabrication de produits en coupeaux de bois
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0351670B1 (fr) 1993-01-07
US5126076A (en) 1992-06-30
EP0351670A3 (en) 1990-03-21
DE3824149A1 (de) 1990-01-18
DE58903213D1 (de) 1993-02-18
WO1990000576A1 (fr) 1990-01-25
EP0351670A2 (fr) 1990-01-24

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