Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
  • C11D1/04—Carboxylic acids or salts thereof
  • C11D1/08—Polycarboxylic acids containing no nitrogen or sulfur
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/83—Mixtures of non-ionic with anionic compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
  • C11D17/0008—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties aqueous liquid non soap compositions
  • C11D17/0026—Structured liquid compositions, e.g. liquid crystalline phases or network containing non-Newtonian phase
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/72—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols

Definitions

• the invention relates to aqueous built detergent compositions which are pourable, and have suspending properties.
• Aqueous pourable detergent compositions are well known in the Art, but it is only recently that C10-C16 alk(en)yl substituted succinic acids have been used as builders in these compositions, which have been disclosed in EP-A-0 293 040 and EPA- 0 294 904.
• compositions are very satisfactory in terms of their cleaning performance, but ingredients in the form of solid particles could not be stably suspended in these compositions, and therefore it is recommended to use only liquid ingredients during their manufacture. Indeed, the use of ingredients in the form of solid particles inevitably leads to sedimentation.
• compositions of the prior art tend to collapse also if hydrophilic solvents are incorporated in important amounts; it is another object of the present invention to provide aqueous, pourable detergent compositions, which contain C10-C16 alk(en)yl substituted succinic acids and have suspending properties, and which may further contain hydrophilic solvents, such as ethanol.
• the present invention addresses the problem of formulating an aqueous detergent composition which contains C10-C16 alk(en)yl substituted succinic acids, and which has suspending properties.
• neat phase refers to an essentially lamella-structured or spherulitic composition in which aqueous layers are separated by double layers of hydrophobic materials. Such a lamellar structure can be identified by observing the product through an optical microscope, between crossed Nichol prisms.
• compositions of the invention always contains an anionic surfactant.
• Suitable anionic surfactants can be represented by the general formula R1SO3M wherein R1 represents a hydrocarbon group selected from the group consisting of straight or branched alkyl radicals containing from about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms and alkyl phenyl radicals containing from about 9 to about 15 carbon atoms in the alkyl group.
• M is a salt forming cation which typically is selected from the group consisting of sodium, potassium, ammonium, and mixtures thereof.
• a preferred synthetic anionic surfactant is a water-soluble salt of an alkylbenzene sulfonic acid containing from 9 to 15 carbon atoms in the alkyl group.
• Another preferred synthetic anionic surfactant is a water-soluble salt of an alkyl sulfate or an alkyl polyethoxylate ether sulfate wherein the alkyl group contains from about 8 to 24, preferably from about 10 to about 18 carbon atoms and there are from about 1 to about 20, preferably from about 1 to about 12 ethoxy groups.
• Other suitable anionic surfactants are disclosed in US Patent 4,170,565, Flesher et al., issued October 9, 1979.
• Suitable anionic synthetic surface-active salts are selected from the group of sulfonates and sulfates.
• Preferred anionic synthetic water-soluble sulfonate or sulfate salts have in their molecular structure an alkyl radical containing from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms.
• Such preferred anionic surfactant salts are the reaction products obtained by sulfating C8-C18 fatty alcohols derived from tallow and coconut oil; alkylbenzene sulfonates wherein the alkyl group contains from about 9 to 15 carbon atoms; sodium alkylglyceryl ether sulfonates; ether sulfates of fatty alcohols derived from tallow and coconut oils; coconut fatty acid monoglyceride sulfates and sulfonates; and water-soluble salts of paraffin sulfonates having from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain.
• Sulfonated olefin surfactants as more fully described in e.g. US Patent Specification 3,332,880 can also be used.
• the neutralizing cation for the anionic synthetic sulfonates and/or sulfates is represented by conventional cations which are widely used in detergent technology such as sodium and potassium.
• a particularly preferred anionic synthetic surfactant component herein is represented by the water-soluble salts of an alkylbenzene sulfonic acid, preferably sodium alkylbenzene sulfonates having from about 10 to 13 carbon atoms in the alkyl group.
• compositions of the invention may additionally contain zwitterionic surfactants which include derivatives of aliphatic quaternary ammonium, phosphonium, and sulphonium compounds in which the aliphatic moiety can be straight or branched chain and wherein one of the aliphatic substituents contains from about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms and another substituent contains, at least, an anionic water-solubilizing group.
• Particularly preferred zwitterionic materials are the ethoxylated ammonium sulfonates and sulfates disclosed in US Patents 3,925,262, Laughlin et al., issued December 9, 1975 and 3,929,678, Laughlin et al., issued December 30, 1975.
• compositions may also contain small amounts, i.e. below 1% by weight of the total composition, of cationic surfactants.
• suitable cationic surfactants include quaternary ammonium compounds of the formula R1R2R3R4N+X ⁇ , wherein R1 is C12-C20 alkyl or hydroxyalkyl; R2 is C1-C4 alkyl or C12-C20 alkyl or hydroxyalkyl or C1-C4 hydroxyalkyl; R3 and R4 are each C1-C4 alkyl or hydroxyalkyl, or C6-C8 aryl or alkylaryl; and X ⁇ is halogen.
• Preferred are mono-long chain quaternary ammonium compounds (i. e., compounds of the above formula wherein R2 is C1-C4 alkyl or hydroxyalkyl).
• the total amount of surfactant in the compositions is of from 5% to 60%, preferably 15% to 40% by weight of the total composition.
• Preferred compounds according to this definition are condensation products of ethylene oxide with a fatty alcohol in the presence of an acidic or basic catalyst.
• fatty alcohols having from 13 to 15 carbon atoms are used to make such condensation product.
• solvents as butanol, butoxyethanol, benzylalcohol, hexyl diglycol ether, butyl diglycolether, and mixtures thereof.
• the compounds are present in the compositions of the invention in an amount of at least 7,5% by weight of the total composition, preferably from 8% to 15% by weight.
• compositions of the invention also contain as a builder system, from 5% to 20% by weight of the total composition of a C10-C16 alk(en)yl substituted succinic acid, preferably from 8% to 15% by weight of the total composition.
• the preferred builder for use herein is dodecenyl substituted succinic acid.
• compositions of the invention contain water, in an amount of from 20% tp 60% by weight of the composition.
• compositions of the invention may contain an electrolyte such as sodium bromide, chloride, iodide, nitrate or acetate, preferably sodium chloride.
• an electrolyte such as sodium bromide, chloride, iodide, nitrate or acetate, preferably sodium chloride.
• Suitable enzymes include the detergent proteases, amylases, lipases and cellulases.
• Enzymatic stabilizing agents for use in aqueous liquid detergents which are well known, can also be used herein; preferred is a salt of formic acid, e.g., sodium formate. The amount of this stabilizing agent typically ranges from 0.5% to 2%.
• organic builders are represented by polyacids such as citric acid, nitrilotriacetic acid, and mixtures of tartrate monosuccinate with tartrate disuccinate.
• Preferred builders for use herein are citric acid.
• Polymeric carboxylate builders inclusive of polyacrylates, polydydroxy acrylates and polyacrylates/­polymaleates copolymers can also be used.
• compositions of the invention may also contain chelants, such as ethylenediaminotetracetic acid, diethylenetriaminopentacetic acid, ethylenediamino disuccinic acid or the water-soluble alkali metals thereof.
• chelants such as ethylenediaminotetracetic acid, diethylenetriaminopentacetic acid, ethylenediamino disuccinic acid or the water-soluble alkali metals thereof.
• Other additives include organo-phosphonic acids; particularly preferred are ethylenediamino tetramethylenephosphonic acid, hexamethylenediamino tetramethylenephosphonic acid, diethylenetriamino pentamethylenephosphonic acid, aminotrimethylene­phosphonic acid and hydroxyethylidene 1,1 diphosphonic acid.
• compositions herein can contain further optional ingredients which are mostly used in additive levels, usually below about 5%.
• additives include : Suds regulants, opacifiers, agents to improve the machine compatibility in relation to enamel-coated surfaces, bactericides, dyes, perfumes, brighteners and the like.
• compositions under various usage conditions can require the utilization of a suds regulant like polysiloxanes such as dimethylpolysiloxane, also frequently termed silicones. These silicones are frequently used in a level not exceeding 1.5%, most preferably between 0.1% and 1.0%.
• opacifiers can also be desirable to utilize opacifiers inasmuch as they contribute to create a uniform appearance of the concentrated liquid detergent compositions.
• suitable opacifiers include : polystyrene commercially known as LYTRON 621 manufactured by MONSANTO CHEMICAL CORPORATION. The opacifiers are frequently used in an amount from 0.3% to 1.5%.
• additives include : sodium carboxy­methylcellulose; hydroxy-C1 ⁇ 6-alkylcellulose; polycarboxylic homo- or copolymeric ingredients, such as : polymaleic acid; a copolymer of maleic anhydride and methylvinylether in a molar ratio of 2:1 to 1:2; and a copolymer of an ethylenically unsaturated monocarboxylic acid monomer, having not more than 5, preferably 3 or 4 carbon atoms, for example (meth)acrylic acid, and an ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acid monomer having not more than 6, preferably 4 carbon atoms, whereby the molar ratio of the monomers is in the range from 1:4 to 4:1, said copolymer being described in more detail in EUROPEAN Patent Application 0 066 915, filed May 17, 1982.
• compositions of the invention have acquired suspending properties, due to the formulation as a neat phase, it is possible to use ingredients which are in the form of solid particles. There is no restriction as to the nature of the ingredient, but these ingredients are preferably in the form of solid particles having an average diameter size in the range of from 1 micrometer to 350 micrometers.
• Such ingredients can be zeolites, clays, suds suppressors such as silica waxes, any encapsulated material, and a highly preferred ingredient to be suspended in the compositions are solid, water-soluble peroxygen bleaching compounds, preferably perborates, persulfates, peroxydisulfates, perphosphates and the crystalline peroxyhydrates formed by reacting hydrogen peroxide with sodium carbonate or urea.
• perborates preferably perborates, persulfates, peroxydisulfates, perphosphates and the crystalline peroxyhydrates formed by reacting hydrogen peroxide with sodium carbonate or urea.
• Preferred are sodium perborate, monohydrate and tetrahydrate, and sodium percarbonate.
• the compositions preferably contain water miscible organic solvents including ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol polyethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, hexylene glycol, methoxyethanol, ethoxyethanol, ethyldiglycolether, and mixtures thereof.
• the compositions will contain from 4% to 10% of the total composition of ethanol, as a stabilizing system for the peroxygen compounds.
• the pH as is of the compositions should be in the range of from 8 to 12, preferably 9 to 11.
• composition obtained by mixing together the listed ingredients in the listed proportions.
• a premix which is made with water, diethylene triamine pentamethylene phosphonic acid and citric acid is neutralized to pH 7 with sodium hydroxide.
• the solvents ethanol and hexyl diglycolether
• the linear alkyl benzene sulfonate and the dodecenyl substituted succinic acid are added while cooling the mixture; the pH is then trimmed to 10 with sodium hydroxide.
• the composition at this point is not yet a neat phase, but an isotropic solution characterized by its low viscosity and transparency.
• the neat phase which is formed on adding the C14alcohol 3 times ethoxylated can be identified by a higher viscosity and a translucent appearance; to confirm the formation of the neat phase structure, the composition can be examined with an optical microscope, between crossed Nichol prisms.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
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Cited By (10)

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Citations (7)

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• 1990
  • 1990-11-14 EP EP19900203017 patent/EP0430330A3/en not_active Withdrawn
  • 1990-11-16 TR TR90/1102A patent/TR25074A/xx unknown
  • 1990-11-16 CA CA2030205A patent/CA2030205C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1990-11-22 AR AR90313443A patent/AR245207A1/es active
  • 1990-11-22 PE PE1990178009A patent/PE31191A1/es unknown
  • 1990-11-23 NZ NZ236205A patent/NZ236205A/xx unknown
  • 1990-11-23 AU AU66956/90A patent/AU650247B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 1990-11-23 BR BR909005930A patent/BR9005930A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1990-11-23 IE IE424390A patent/IE904243A1/en unknown
  • 1990-11-23 MX MX023455A patent/MX172443B/es unknown
  • 1990-11-26 JP JP2322226A patent/JPH03210400A/ja active Pending

Patent Citations (7)

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