GB2153838A - Liquid abrasive detergent composition - Google Patents

Abstract

A stable liquid detergent composition contains an abrasive and an anionic surfactant, a tert-amine oxide, a higher fatty acid alkanolamide, a succinic acid derivative, and an inorganic thickening agent The anionic surfactant is a polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfate, an alkylbenzenesulfonate, an alphaolefinsulfonate or an alkanesulfonate.

Description

SPECIFICATION Liquid detergent composition containing abrasive The present invention relates to a liquid detergent composition containing an abrasive which is useful fordeterging hard surfaces oftablewares, kitchenwares, etc.

It has been well known as a matter of course to use a liquid detergent for deterging tablewares, etc.

Recently, liquid compositions containing abrasives have been proposed and they have been disclosed in, for example, the specifications of Japanese Patent Laid-Open Nos. 22906/1972 and 50909/1976. However, they are used mainly in virtue of their polishing effects and they have a serious defect that when they are used in a diluted form, theirfoaming and deterging powers are reduced far more seriously than those ofso-called liquid kitchen detergents.

Though a liquid detergent composition containing an abrasive has been proposed in the specification of Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 38397/1981,the deterging power of the compositions shown in examples given therein is insufficient. Further, though a thickening agent is added thereto to disperse the abrasive therein the stability ofthe composition containing said agent is not satisfactory.

More particularly, the thickening effect ofthe organic thickening agent is inhibited by a surfactant added as the essential component and the liquid detergent composition is liable to undergo phases separation.

This inclination becomes remarkable as the amount of the surfactant is increased. On the other hand, inorganicthickening agents have defects that the viscosity of them changes significantly with time and the stabilitythereof is reduced by vibration, though the degree of unstabilization thereof due to the surfactantislowerthanthatoftheorganicthickening agents.

After intensive investigations made forthe purpose of developing an abrasive-containing liquid kitchen detergent composition having a sufficient deterging power, special deterging effects peculiarto the abrasive, particularly, a remarkable improvement in the finish ofthetablewares, and excellentstorability, the inventors have found that an abrasive-containing liquid detergent composition having an excellent storability and satisfying the above-mentioned requisites can be obtained by using specified amounts of six components specified below as essentiai components. The present invention has been com pleted on the basis ofthisfinding.The present invention provides a liquid detergent composition containing an abrasive characterized by comprising thefollowing components (a)to (f) as essential components: (a) 10 to 40 wt. % of one or more anionic su rfactants selected from the group consisting of polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfates, alkylbenzenesulfonates, oc-olefinsulfonates and alkanesulfonates, (b) 0.1 to 5 wt. % of a tertiary amine oxide ofthe following general formula (I):

in which R1 represents an alkyl or alkenyl group having 10 to 18 carbon atoms and R2 and R3 represent each an alkyl group having 1 or 2 carbon atoms, (c) 1 to 8 wt. % of a higher fatty acid alkanolamide, (d) 0.2 to 5 wt. % of a succinic acid derivative of the following general formula (ill)::

in which R4 represents an alkyl or alkenyl group having 4to 18 carbon atoms, and X andY represent each a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal, ammonium or an alkanolamine, (e) 1 to 25 wt. % of an abrasive, and (f) 0.2 to 15wt. % os an inorganic thickening agent.

As described above, the compositions containing thickening agents have various problems with respectto the stability. However, it has been found that the composition ofthe present invention comprising the combination ofthe above-mentioned specific surfactants has a suitable structural viscosity and sufficient storability and stability against vibration. In addition, the composition of the present invention hasasufficientdeterging powerwhen it is used as a kitchen detergent and also it satisfies all the requirements as the abrasive-containing liquid detergent.

The anionic surfactants used as the components (a) ofthe composition ofthe present invention include preferably polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfates ofthe following general formula (III): RS-O-(CH2-CH20),S03M (III) in which R5 represents an alkyl oralkenyl group having 8 to 18 carbon atoms, M represents an alkali metal, ammonium oralkanolamine and n represents a number of 1 to 5 on average, and alkylbenzenesulfonates ofthe following general formula (IV):

in which Re represents an alkyl group having lOto 16 carbon atoms and M represents an alkali metal, ammonium oralkanolamine.

The inorganic thickening agents used as the component (f) ofthe composition ofthe present invention include preferably montmorilionite, hecto rite, saponite, vermicuiite, nontronite, sauconite and laponite. They are used either alone or in the form of a mixture oftwo or more ofthem.

The amount ofthe anionic surfactant used as the component(a) in the present invention is preferably 10to40wt. %. When the amount issmallerthan 10 wt. %, the performance such as the deterging power is insufficient. On the other hand, when the amount exceeds 40 wt. %,the viscosity is increased sharply and the high-temperature stability is reduced. The amount ofthetertiary amine oxide ofthe formula (I) used as the component (b) is 0.1 to 5 wt. %. Beyond this range, the stability is reduced and the viscosity is increased sharply disadvantageously.

The succinic acid derivative used as the component (d) is obtained by, for example, reacting an olefin having 4to 18 carbon atoms with maleicanhydride, hydrogenating the product, if desired, and converting the resulting alkyl or alkenyl-substituted succinic anhydride into a water-soluble salt thereof. The succinic acid derivative is used in an amount of 0.2to 5 wt. %. When the amount of this derivative is insufficient, the stability, particularly stora bility and stability against vibration, ofthe composition is reduced, while when it exceeds 5 wt. %,the effects thereof are no more improved. Though the stabilization effects ofthe component (d) are quite unique, the mechanism ofthe stabilization has not been elucidated yet.The higherfatty acid alkanolamide used as the component (c) is obtained from one or a mixture of two or more of satu rated or unsaturated fatty acids having 10 to 18 carbon atoms and a monoethanolamine or diethanolamine. The components (c) include, for example, coconut fatty acid diethanolamide and lauric acid monoethanolamide. The amount of the component (c) used is 1 to 8 wt. %.When the amount is below said range, the stabilization effect is insufficientwhile when it is above said range, the viscosity is increased to rather lowerthestability. Examples of the abrasives used as the component (e) include those used heretofore as water-insoluble abrasives, such as silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide, titanium oxide, aluminosilicate, silicon carbide, calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate, chromium oxide, emery, silica, quartz sand, dolomite, sand, puiverized natural products such as shells, powdery mica and powders of plastics such as polystyrene and polyacrylate. The amountofthe component (e) is 1 to 25 parts by weight, preferably 5 to 20 parts by weight, for 100 parts by weight of the composition.

The properties of the detergent of the present invention, i.e. deterging power, foaming power, specific deterging effects, particularly remarkable improvement in thefinish oftablewares, etc., and excellent storability, cannot be obtained unlessthe above-mentioned components are used in the abovementioned amounts. When any ofthese components is iacking orthe amounts ofthem are not within the ranges specified as above, the intended properties cannot be obtained.

The amount of the abrasive to be incorporated in the liquid detergent according to the present invention is determined suitably so that a suitable abrasive effect can be exhibited, since dirts to which the detergent is to be applied are those easily removable by polishing cleansers but difficultly removable by kitchen detergents. When the amount ofthe abrasive is insufficient, the effects of the abrasive cannot be obtained while when it is excessive, adverse effects, such as scarring, would be exhibited. Though the abrasives having a large particle size may be used, those having a particle size of 1 to 150 are preferred from the viewpoint of the scarring ofthe substances to be cleaned.

In carrying outthe present invention, anionic surfactants other than those specified in the invention, nonionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, amphoteric surfactants, flavors, dyes, antimicrobial agents, solubilizers, etc. may be incorporated into the composition unless the intended effects ofthe invention are damaged.

As described above, the liquid detergent composition containing the abrasive of the present invention does not undergo phase separation and its viscosity is not changed afterthe storage for a long period of time, it is stable against vibration and ambient temperature changes and it has excellent deterging and foaming powers and a suitable abrasive power.

The following examples will further illustrate the present invention, which by no means limit the invention.

Example 1 Compositions are shown in Table 1 were prepared and the deterging and foaming powers, viscosity and storabilityofeach of them were examined. The results are shown in Table 1. The amounts are shown in terms of parts byweight and the data were obtained bythefollowing test methods: < Test methods > (Deterging power) 0.1 % of Sudan Ill (a red dyestuff) used as an indicator was added to beeftallow. 5 g of the mixture was applied to a porcelain dish having a diameter of 25 cm. It was then rubbed by means of a sponge impregnated with 10 g of a detergent and 20 g of water. The number of the plates from which the beef tallow could be removed with the sponge was examined.

(Foaming power) The foaming power of a 0.5% detergent solution containing 0.1 % of a commercially available butter as a dirt was examined. More particularly, 40 cc of the detergentsolution containing the butterwasplaced in a glass cylinder having a diameter of 5 cm and stirred by rotation for 10 min and the height of the foamswas measured immediately afterstopping the stirring.

(Viscosity) Each composition was placed in a viscosity beaker kept at a given temperature and the viscosity thereof was measured with a Brookfield viscometer (rotor No.4,60 rpm).

(Storability) Sample: each composition was placed in a 200 cc polymer bottle.

1. Temperature stability: The samples were stored at various temperatures for one month and the appearances ofthem were examined macroscopically.

2. Vibration stability: Transportation tests (two round trips between Tokyo and Osaka) were conducted by means of a truck and the appearances ofthem were examined macroscopically.

The results of the tests 1 and 2 were judged on the basis ofthefollowing criteria: O: no phase separation (stable) A: slight separation X: complete separation.

3. Viscosity stability: The viscosity of each product stored at room temperaturefor 6 months was measured and the results were compared with that determined immediately afterthe preparation.

O: no change A :slightchange X: remarkable change Table 1

1*q 2 3 4 5ti 6-3 8 9 10 11 12 CompoDt (eomp.) tComp.) (eomp.) (Conp.) r:en- I:Cn;- I: (Coap.i ICop.) (Cop.; (Coap.) :: Sodiln dodecylbenzenesulfonaCe 20 20 ILD 20 20 15 5 Sodirna R-olefin.ulfon.ce 14) 5 Sodio polyopehyleae (3.0) lauryl 5 20 20 20 20 10 etLcr sulfnee Lauryidimethylamine oxide 1 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Coconut fatty atid diethanolawide 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 Podia octenylseccinate 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 powdery silicon *1 10 10 10 10 10 10 50 10 10 10 10 10 11ootavrillonite *2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Water B *3 B B B B B B B B B B B Deterging pouer (nGber of plates) 10 12 9 8 13 12 14 14 15 11 11 16 Foaming power (rim) / 60 80 55 40 85 E0 90 65 90 65 60 95 Vistosity (25do, cp) 2500 1600 2100 1900 2200 2000 2400 3700 1200 2500 2300 3000 50 C d 2 2 2 'D 0 0 2 2 2 x o repp. stability 20 C O 2 C, C, O O 0 O 2 O O C -10'C 2 2 G A C: C O x x O 2 C Vibration stability 2 2 A d O t O 2 2 2 2 C viscosity ty stability 2 X A A O t O X 2 A A t *1: particle size of the powdery silica:S to 120 (15 p on average), *2: "Kunipia", a product of Kunimine Kogyo Co., Ltd., *3: symbol "3" meons the balance, and *4: "Comp." tion' "Invention" wean a comparative product and a product of the present invention respectively.

Example 2 Composition No. 13 14 (Invention) (Comp.) 3 sodium dodecylbeezenesolfonate 20 20 laurylamide oxide 1 1 coconut fatty acid dietbanolaside S S sodium octenylsuccinate 2 2 powdery silica (the same as in Ex. 1) 15 0 nontmorillonite ( " " ) 3 3 ethanol 3 3 water balance balance < In-home use tests on the specific deterging effects > The above-mentioned compositions Nos. 13 and 14 were used practically by 30 housewives in their kitchens. The specific deterging effects ofthe compositionsjudged bythem were as follows: (Criteria) +2: composition No.13 was more effective, +1: composition No.13was a little more effective, 0: compositionsNos. 13 and 14 were equivalent, -1: composition No.14was a little more effective, -2: composition No.14was more effective.

+2 1 0 -1 -2 Finish of glasses 21 4 S 0 C Finish of teacups 13 7 8 2 0 Removal of curry sticking 23 4 3 D D to a pan

Claims (5)

1. A liquid detergent composition which comprises: (a) lOto 40 wt. % of one or more anionic surfactants selected from the group consisting of polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfates, alkylbenzenesulfonates. a - olefinsulfonates and alkanesulfonates, (b) 0.1 to5wt. % of a tertiary amine oxide of the following general formula (I):

in which R1 represents an alkyl or alkenyl group having 10to 18 carbon atoms and R2 and R3 represent each an alkyl group having 1 or 2 carbon atoms, (c) 1 to 8wt. % of a higher fatty acid alkanolamide.

id) 0.2 to Swt % of a succinic acid derivative of the following general formula (II):

in which R4 represents an alkyl or alkenyl group having 4to 18 carbon atoms, and X and Y represent each a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal, ammonium or an alkanolamine, (e) 1 to25wt.% ofan abrasive, and (f) 0.2 to 15 wt. % of an inorganicthickening agent.

2. A liquid detergent composition as claimed in Claim 1,in which the component (a) is a polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfate ofthe formula (Ill): R5-O-(CH2CH2O)nSO3M (ill) in which R5 represents an alkyl oralkenyl group having 8 to 13 carbon atoms, M represents an alkali metal, ammonium oran alkanolamine and n repre sends a number of 1 to Son average.

3. A liquid detergent composition as claimed in Claim 1, in which the component (a) is an alkylbenzenesulfonate of the formula (lV):

in which Rg represents an alkyl group having 10 to 16 carbonatomsand M represents an alkali metal, ammonium oran alkanolamine.

A A liquid detergent composition as claimed in any of Claims 1,2 and 3, in which the component (f) is one or more inorganic thickening agents selected from the group consisting of montmorillonite, hectorite, saponite, vermiculite, nontronite, sauconite and laponite.

5. A liquid detergent composition subslan-tially as described with reference to Example 1, Compositions 5 or 6 or7 or 12 and with reference to Example 2 Composition 13.