EP0429918B1 - Sliding frame for a crank for a sliding mechanism for an internal combustion engine - Google Patents
Sliding frame for a crank for a sliding mechanism for an internal combustion engine Download PDFInfo
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- EP0429918B1 EP0429918B1 EP90121458A EP90121458A EP0429918B1 EP 0429918 B1 EP0429918 B1 EP 0429918B1 EP 90121458 A EP90121458 A EP 90121458A EP 90121458 A EP90121458 A EP 90121458A EP 0429918 B1 EP0429918 B1 EP 0429918B1
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- slide
- crank
- members
- frame according
- drive frame
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
- F01B9/00—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by connections between pistons and main shafts and not specific to preceding groups
- F01B9/02—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by connections between pistons and main shafts and not specific to preceding groups with crankshaft
- F01B9/023—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by connections between pistons and main shafts and not specific to preceding groups with crankshaft of Bourke-type or Scotch yoke
Definitions
- the invention relates to a crank loop frame for a crank loop drive of an internal combustion engine for converting a reciprocating movement into a rotary movement, of the type specified in the preamble of claim 1.
- An internal combustion engine of the generic type is known from DE-OS 34 33 510.
- the cause could be found to be a deflection of the slideway frame webs, which even led to tearing of the lubricating film and cavitation between the slideways of the crank loop frame and the sliding surfaces of the sliding block, with the result of blocking and possibly destruction of the crank loop drive.
- the object of the invention is to provide a crank loop frame of the type mentioned, which withstands the alternating loads of the internal combustion engine, so that blocking or destroying the crank loop drive can be avoided.
- the invention leaves the prescribed way to solve the problem by increasing the stability of the slideway frame webs and finds the solution surprisingly in a homogeneous rapid distribution of heat in the vicinity of the slideway frame webs.
- This is achieved by the arrangement of suitably shaped webs both above and below the slideway and in particular by the use of frame webs which are H-shaped in cross-section, in which the center of gravity of the surface lies just above the slideway, so that the heat flows away or the homogenous one Distribution of heat both above and below the slideways almost symmetrically distributed heat-absorbing webs are available.
- These are not cooling fins or similar elements for dissipating heat, but webs of sufficient heat capacity for a homogeneous distribution of the heat above and below the slideway frame webs.
- This homogeneous heat distribution ensures a straight-line expansion of the slideway frame webs, so that the slideways remain flat and, in particular, deflection of the slideways is avoided.
- the slideway frame webs For the homogeneous distribution of the heat, it is not absolutely necessary to design the slideway frame webs symmetrically in cross section. It may be appropriate e.g. B. the sliding block-side H-leg or the piston rod-side H-leg higher and / or the legs in the region of the piston rods higher than in the region of the end faces of the frame and / or to create additional masses with additional heat capacity in the region of the end faces, also in to achieve a homogeneous and rapid distribution of the heat flow in these areas.
- a coating which is poorly conductive to heat can be provided on the slideway surface e.g. B. from Kermaik and / or a plate made of heat poorly conductive material z. B. made of ceramic so that only part of the heat generated flows into the frame.
- the different thermal conductivity and / or heat capacity can, for. B. with a ceramic coating or a ceramic plate can be ensured that the plate of layers z.
- ceramic foils of different thermal conductivity and / or heat capacity and / or in the longitudinal extent of platelets of different thermal conductivity and / or heat capacity is built up.
- Another measure according to the invention to support the Effect of the means according to the invention for acting on the heat distribution in the crank loop frame provides for the tearing off of the lubricating film between slide block and slide track surfaces and the associated breakage and temperature peaks to be avoided, namely by the arrangement of recesses or so-called fittings in the slide track surfaces and / or in the sliding block surfaces facing the slideways, as are generally known between flat sliding elements for the same purpose.
- crank loop frame With the invention it is thus possible not only to ensure the dimensional stability of the crank loop frame.
- the invention also allows the crank loop frame to be of a lightweight construction that was previously not possible.
- a crank loop frame 1 for example for a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine with crank loop drive described in DE-OS 34 33 510, generally has two opposing slideway frame webs 2, 3 and two end webs 4, 5, so that a frame interior 6 is formed.
- the piston rods 7 of two piston cylinder units of the internal combustion engine, not shown, arranged opposite one another are arranged perpendicularly thereto.
- the sliding block, not shown, of the crank loop drive is seated in a manner known per se in the interior 6 of the crank loop frame 1. It is essential that the slideway frame webs 2, 3 are H-shaped in cross section (FIG.
- the slideway web 8 is arranged centrally between the leg webs 9, ie the height of the leg webs 9 above and below the slideway web 8 is the same. However, this symmetry - if required by the heat flow and / or the heat capacity and / or the heat distribution - can be different.
- the slideway webs 8 form the opposing, flat slideways 10 in the frame interior for the sliding block.
- crank loop frame 1 shown is in two parts, namely divided longitudinally, with one end web half 11 being provided on the end of the slideway frame webs 2, 3 and the end faces 12 of the end web halves 11 being set against one another in the division plane.
- the slideway frame webs 2, 3 can be assembled by welding, preferably by electron beam welding (FIG. 4). It is also possible to manufacture the crank loop frame 1 in one piece.
- the crank loop frame 1 is expediently made in two parts.
- An advantageous combination for the purposes of the invention is shown in FIGS. 1, 2. It is carried out by means of two rectangular metallic tension band rings 13.
- a U-shaped tension band bearing web 15 with flat outer surfaces 14, which extends in the longitudinal direction of the slideway frame webs 2, 3 is arranged on the front side of each end web half 11.
- the tension band bearing webs 15 result in a tension band frame which is flat on the outside and on which the tension band is press-fitted.
- spacer bolts 16 are arranged between the U-legs of adjacent tensioning band bearing webs 15 in the parting plane, which have a support disk 17 at their ends and expediently a bearing disk 18 of smaller diameter adjoining on the outside.
- semicircular recesses 19 are made in the free end edges 20 of the tension band bearing webs 15.
- the sliding block sits like in a cage, because the leg webs 9 facing the interior overlap the sliding block laterally.
- the transition from the leg webs 9 on the interior side to the half of the forehead web can be made 11 be rounded, so that an oval hole 20a is formed.
- crank loop frame 1 is open at the end, which favors the heat flow and heat distribution and also supports the lightweight construction.
- the tension band 13 which is intended to absorb the thermal expansions and to ensure the securing of the bolts, has, in particular, the task of bridging the gap between the slideway frame webs 2, 3 in the division plane and ensuring rapid heat conduction and distribution.
- the pin 16 also contributes to heat conduction and distribution.
- a further advantageous joining of the slideway frame webs 2, 3 takes place according to the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 by means of expansion screws 21.
- a hole 22 is provided at the end in each slideway web 8, which is penetrated by the screw shaft of the expansion screw 21, the screw head 21a being on the outside of the frame supports the surface of the slideway web 8 and the respective end-side external thread 23 of two oppositely arranged expansion screws 21 engages in a corresponding internal thread of a cuboid connecting block 24, which bridges the division plane.
- the connecting block 24 expediently rests on the inner surfaces of the end web halves 11 (FIG.
- edges of semicircular recesses 19a arranged in the end web halves 11 being located in an annular groove 25 of a pin 26 arranged on the outside on the block 24, so that in this embodiment as well mutual displacement of the slideway webs 2,3 is prevented in the division plane.
- leg webs 9 on the interior side it is advantageous on the inner surface of the leg webs 9 on the interior side to extend in the longitudinal direction, raised, flat guide or support webs 27 for the sliding block To be provided so that the sliding block is guided laterally and the heat transfer is also possible laterally, which favors the rapid heat conduction and distribution (Fig. 4.5).
- Fig. 6a / b shows that according to the invention in the sliding surfaces 10 of the slideways of the slideway webs 8 and preferably also in the sliding surfaces 28 of the guide webs 27 pits or depressions 29 are introduced, which serve as an oil reservoir and prevent the lubricating film between the Sliding surfaces 10, 28 and the corresponding sliding stone surfaces tears off.
- the shape, number and arrangement of the fittings 29 are chosen on the basis of empirical determinations. Due to the fittings or by avoiding the film tear, heat peaks are excluded, which supports the rapid heat conduction and distribution.
- cross-sectionally U-shaped sliding plates 30 made of a special metal or e.g. made of ceramic, which can be arranged with a contact surface 34 on the slideways 10.
- They In their interior they have a sliding base surface 31 which extends parallel to the sliding surfaces 10 and supporting webs 27a which are bent at right angles to the interior 6.
- the supporting webs 27a either form sliding surfaces for the sliding block or are used for the form-fitting mounting of the sliding plates 30 below the supporting webs 27.
- the fastening of the sliding plates 30 to the slideway frame webs 2, 3 can be arbitrary.
- the slideway webs 8 are gripped at the end with a bracket 32 or the front web halves 11 are gripped behind with angled tabs 33.
- the slide plates 30 particularly support the homogeneous heat flow in the frame 1, but can also expediently serve to hinder the heat flow.
- the construction of the sliding plates 30 can differ zonally in the longitudinal direction, so that the heat flow is influenced in a targeted manner.
- the sliding plates 30 can, however, also be constructed in layers perpendicular to their longitudinal extension in order to be able to influence the heat flow in a targeted manner in this direction as well.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Kurbelschleifenrahmen für einen Kurbelschleifentrieb einer Brennkraftmaschine zur Umwandlung einer hin- und hergehenden Bewegung in eine Rotationsbewegung, der im Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 angegebenen Art.The invention relates to a crank loop frame for a crank loop drive of an internal combustion engine for converting a reciprocating movement into a rotary movement, of the type specified in the preamble of
Eine Brennkraftmaschine der gattungsgemäßen Art, ist aus der DE-OS 34 33 510 bekannt.An internal combustion engine of the generic type is known from DE-OS 34 33 510.
Bei derartigen Brennkraftmaschinen treten, wie auch bei allen anderen Brennkraftmaschinen, schnell wechselnde Lagerbelastungen auf. Solche Belastungen können zu erheblichen Leistungsverlusten und zur Zerstörung des Kurbelschleifentriebes führen. Sie machen sich bei den gattungsgemäßen Brennkraftmaschinen u. a. insbesondere auch zwischen den dem Kurbelschleifenrahmen zugeordneten Gleitflächen des Gleitsteins und den Gleitbahnen der Gleitbahnenstege des Kurbelschleifenrahmens durch Reibungswärme zeitlich unterschiedlicher Temperatur- und Wärmemenge bemerkbar trotz optimierter vorhandener Lagerspiele und Schmiermittelfilme. Insbesondere Wechselbelastungen bei hohen Arbeitstaktgeschwindigkeiten bzw. hohen Drehzahlen führen zu erhöhter Reibungswärme, die nicht aus der berechenbaren ohnehin auftretenden erhöhten Wärme bei hohen Taktgschwindigkeiten resultiert.In such internal combustion engines, as in all other internal combustion engines, rapidly changing bearing loads occur on. Such loads can lead to considerable loss of performance and to the destruction of the crank loop drive. In the internal combustion engines of the generic type, they are particularly noticeable between the sliding surfaces of the sliding block assigned to the crank loop frame and the slideways of the slideway webs of the crank loop frame due to the heat of friction, the temperature and amount of heat varying over time despite optimized existing bearing clearances and lubricant films. In particular, alternating loads at high work cycle speeds or high speeds lead to increased frictional heat, which does not result from the predictable increased heat which occurs anyway at high cycle speeds.
Im Rahmen der Suche nach Möglichkeiten diese erhöhte Reibungswärme zu vermeiden, konnte als deren Ursache eine Durchbiegung der Gleitbahnrahmenstege ermittelt werden, die sogar zu einem Abriß des Schmierfilmes und Kavitation zwischen den Gleitbahnen des Kurbelschleifenrahmens und den Gleitoberflächen des Gleitsteins führte, mit der Folge des Blockierens und gegebenenfalls einer Zerstörung des Kurbelschleifentriebs.As part of the search for ways to avoid this increased frictional heat, the cause could be found to be a deflection of the slideway frame webs, which even led to tearing of the lubricating film and cavitation between the slideways of the crank loop frame and the sliding surfaces of the sliding block, with the result of blocking and possibly destruction of the crank loop drive.
Um diesem seit langem bekannten Problem zu begegnen, hat man durch Verstärkung der Rahmenkonstruktion versucht, die Durchbiegungen zu vermeiden. Zum Beispiel wurden im Querschnitt U-förmige oder sogar Doppel-T-förmige Gleitbahnrahmenstege verwendet, die z. B. in der DE-OS 34 33 510 in Fig. 1 bzw. in der DE-OS 34 47 663 in Fig. 3 erkennbar sind. Bekannt geworden sind auch im Querschnitt kastenförmige Gleitbahnrahmenstege. Trotz Verwendung dieser Stege mit den größtmöglichen Widerstandsmomenten gegen Durchbiegung konnte man dem Problem nicht beikommen.In order to counter this problem, which has been known for a long time, attempts have been made to avoid the deflections by reinforcing the frame construction. For example, U-shaped or even double-T-shaped slideway frame webs were used in cross section, the z. B. in DE-OS 34 33 510 in Fig. 1 and in DE-OS 34 47 663 in Fig. 3 can be seen. Box-shaped slideway frame webs have also become known in cross section. Despite using these webs with the greatest possible resistance to deflection, the problem could not be solved.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist, einen Kurbelschleifenrahmen der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, der den Wechselbelastungen der Brennkraftmaschine widersteht, so daß ein Blockieren bzw. ein Zerstören des Kurbelschleifentriebs vermieden werden kann.The object of the invention is to provide a crank loop frame of the type mentioned, which withstands the alternating loads of the internal combustion engine, so that blocking or destroying the crank loop drive can be avoided.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung werden in den Unteransprüchen gekennzeichnet.This object is solved by the features of
Die Erfindung verläßt den vorgezeichneten Weg, das Problem durch Erhöhung der Stabilität der Gleitbahnrahmenstege zu lösen und findet die Lösung in überraschender Weise in einer homogenen schnellen Verteilung der Wärme in der Umgebung der Gleitbahnrahmenstege. Dies gelingt durch die Anordnung geeignet geformter Stege sowohl oberhalb als auch unterhalb der Gleitbahn und insbesondere durch die Verwendung von im Querschnitt H-förmigen Rahmenstegen, bei denen der Flächenformschwerpunkt kurz oberhalb der Gleitbahn liegt, so daß für das Abfließen der Wärme bzw. für die homogene Verteilung der Wärme sowohl oberhalb als auch unterhalb der Gleitbahnen nahezu symmetrisch verteilt wärmeaufnehmende Stege zur Verfügung stehen. Es handelt sich dabei nicht um Kühlrippen od. dgl. Elemente zum Abführen von Wärme, sondern um Stege ausreichender Wärmekapazität für eine homogene Verteilung der Wärme oberhalb und unterhalb der Gleitbahnrahmenstege. Diese homogene Wärmeverteilung sorgt für eine-geradlinige Ausdehnung der Gleitbahnrahmenstege, so daß die Gleitbahnen ebenflächig bleiben und insbesondere eine Durchbiegung der Gleitbahnen vermieden wird.The invention leaves the prescribed way to solve the problem by increasing the stability of the slideway frame webs and finds the solution surprisingly in a homogeneous rapid distribution of heat in the vicinity of the slideway frame webs. This is achieved by the arrangement of suitably shaped webs both above and below the slideway and in particular by the use of frame webs which are H-shaped in cross-section, in which the center of gravity of the surface lies just above the slideway, so that the heat flows away or the homogenous one Distribution of heat both above and below the slideways almost symmetrically distributed heat-absorbing webs are available. These are not cooling fins or similar elements for dissipating heat, but webs of sufficient heat capacity for a homogeneous distribution of the heat above and below the slideway frame webs. This homogeneous heat distribution ensures a straight-line expansion of the slideway frame webs, so that the slideways remain flat and, in particular, deflection of the slideways is avoided.
Für die homogene Verteilung der Wärme ist es nicht unbedingt erforderlich, die Gleitbahnrahmenstege im Querschnitt symmetrisch auszugestalten. Es kann zweckmäßig sein, z. B. die gleitsteinseitigen H-Schenkel oder die kolbenstangenseitigen H-Schenkel höher und/oder die Schenkel im Bereich der Kolbenstangen höher als im Bereich der Stirnseiten des Rahmens auszubilden und/oder zusätzliche Massen mit zusätzlicher Wärmekapazität im Bereich der Stirnseiten zu schaffen, um auch in diesen Bereichen eine homogene und schnelle Verteilung des Wärmeflusses zu erreichen.For the homogeneous distribution of the heat, it is not absolutely necessary to design the slideway frame webs symmetrically in cross section. It may be appropriate e.g. B. the sliding block-side H-leg or the piston rod-side H-leg higher and / or the legs in the region of the piston rods higher than in the region of the end faces of the frame and / or to create additional masses with additional heat capacity in the region of the end faces, also in to achieve a homogeneous and rapid distribution of the heat flow in these areas.
Nach einer besondere Ausführungsform der Erfindung kann zusätzlich zu den beschriebenen Maßnahmen vorgesehen sein, auf der Gleitbahnorberfläche eine die Wärme schlecht leitende Beschichtung z. B. aus Kermaik und/oder eine Platte aus die Wärme schlecht leitendem Material z. B. aus Keramik anzuordnen, so daß nur ein Teil der entstehenden Wärme in den Rahmen fließt. Dabei besteht in vorteilhafter Weise sogar die Möglichkeit, die Wärmeleitfähigkeit der Beschichtung bzw. der Platte in Längserstreckung der Gleitbahnen zonal derart unterschiedlich vorzusehen, daß dadurch die homogene Verteilung der Wärme in den Gleitrahmenstegen unterstützt wird. Die unterschiedliche Wärmeleitfähigkeit und/oder Wärmekapazität kann z. B. bei einer Keramikbeschichtung oder einer Keramikplatte dadurch gewährleistet werden, daß die Platte aus Schichten z. B. Keramikfolien unterschiedlicher Wärmeleitfähigkeit und/oder Wärmekapazität und/oder in der Längserstreckung aus Plättchen unterschiedlicher Wärmeleitfähigkeit und/oder Wärmekapazität aufgebaut ist.According to a special embodiment of the invention, in addition to the measures described, a coating which is poorly conductive to heat can be provided on the slideway surface e.g. B. from Kermaik and / or a plate made of heat poorly conductive material z. B. made of ceramic so that only part of the heat generated flows into the frame. In this case, there is advantageously even the possibility of providing the thermal conductivity of the coating or the plate zonally differently in the longitudinal extent of the slideways in such a way that the homogeneous distribution of the heat in the sliding frame webs is supported. The different thermal conductivity and / or heat capacity can, for. B. with a ceramic coating or a ceramic plate can be ensured that the plate of layers z. B. ceramic foils of different thermal conductivity and / or heat capacity and / or in the longitudinal extent of platelets of different thermal conductivity and / or heat capacity is built up.
Mit Hilfe der beschriebenen Beschichtung und/oder Platten gelingt es sogar, die Wärme in der Beschichtung bzw. in der Platte derart zu verteilen und zu speichern, daß nur eine geringe, in den Gleitbahnrahmenstegen kein Verziehen bzw. keine Durchbiegung hervorrufende Wärmeaufnahme stattfindet, so daß gegebenenfalls auch Gleitbahnrahmenstege bekannter Bauart Verwendung finden können.With the aid of the coating and / or plates described, it is even possible to distribute and store the heat in the coating or in the plate in such a way that only a small amount of heat absorption, which does not warp or deflect, takes place in the slideway frame webs, so that if necessary, slideway frame webs of known design can also be used.
Im Zusammenhang mit den erfindungsgemäßen Mitteln zum Einwirken auf die Wärmeverteilung im Kurbelschleifrahmen ist vorteilhaft, den Rahmen, wie an sich aus der DE-OS 34 33 510 bekannt, geteilt auszubilden und Befestigungsmittel zum Zusammenhalten der Rahmenteile vorzusehen, die die wärmebedingten Bewegungen der Rahmenteile ausgleichen können. Demgemäß ist vorteilhaft, z. B. dehnbare Spannbänder oder Dehnschrauben für die Befestigung der Rahmenteile an den Stirnflächen des Kurbelschleifenrahmens zu verwenden, die derart angeordnet sind, daß sie die durch Wärme bedingte Ausdehnung des Rahmens senkrecht zur Ebene der Gleitbahnen kompensieren können.In connection with the means according to the invention for acting on the heat distribution in the crank grinding frame, it is advantageous to split the frame, as known per se from DE-OS 34 33 510, and to provide fastening means for holding the frame parts together, which can compensate for the heat-induced movements of the frame parts . Accordingly, it is advantageous e.g. B. to use stretchable straps or expansion screws for fastening the frame parts to the end faces of the crank loop frame, which are arranged such that they can compensate for the thermal expansion of the frame perpendicular to the plane of the slideways.
Eine weitere erfindungsgemäße Maßnahme zur Unterstützung der Wirkung der erfindungsgemäßen Mittel zum Einwirken auf die Wärmeverteilung im Kurbelschleifenrahmen sieht vor, den Abriß des Schmierfilms zwischen Gleitstein- und Gleitbahnoberflächen und damit zusammenhängende Bruch- und Temperaturspitzen zu vermeiden, und zwar durch die Anordnung von Ausnehmungen bzw. sogenannten Pittings in den Gleitbahnoberflächen und/oder in den den Gleitbahnen zugewandten Gleitsteinoberflächen, wie sie an sich zwischen ebenen Gleitelementen allgemein zum gleichen Zweck bekannt sind.Another measure according to the invention to support the Effect of the means according to the invention for acting on the heat distribution in the crank loop frame provides for the tearing off of the lubricating film between slide block and slide track surfaces and the associated breakage and temperature peaks to be avoided, namely by the arrangement of recesses or so-called fittings in the slide track surfaces and / or in the sliding block surfaces facing the slideways, as are generally known between flat sliding elements for the same purpose.
Mit der Erfindung gelingt es somit, nicht nur die Formstabilität des Kurbelschleifenrahmens zu gewährleisten. Die Erfindung gestattet darüber hinaus auch eine bisher nicht mögliche Leichtbauweise des Kurbelschleifenrahmens.With the invention it is thus possible not only to ensure the dimensional stability of the crank loop frame. The invention also allows the crank loop frame to be of a lightweight construction that was previously not possible.
Anhand der in der Zeichnung dargestellten Beispiele wird die Erfindung im folgenden näher erläutert. Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1a,b perspektivisch einen Kurbelschleifenrahmen sowie einen Querschnitt durch einen Kurbelschleifenrahmensteg;
- Fig. 2 eine perspektivische Explosionsdarstellung des Kurbelschleifenrahmens nach Fig. 1;
- Fig. 3a,b eine Seitenansicht eines Kurbelschleifenrahmens teilweise im Schnitt sowie einen Querschnitt entlang der Linie IIIb-IIIb in Fig. 3a;
- Fig.4 perspektivisch eine weitere Ausführungsform des Kurbelschleifenrahmens;
- Fig. 5 perspektivisch einen Längsschnitt durch den Kurbelschleifenrahmen nach Fig. 4;
- Fig. 6a perspektivisch einen Längsschnitt durch den Kurbelschleifenrahmen mit Pittings in den Gleitbahnen;
- Fig. 6b einen Ausbruch aus einem Gleitbahnbereich im Längsschnitt;
- Fig. 7 perspektivisch Gleitbahnplatten.
- Fig. 1a, b in perspective a crank loop frame and a cross section through a crank loop frame web;
- FIG. 2 shows an exploded perspective view of the crank loop frame according to FIG. 1;
- 3a, b a side view of a crank loop frame, partly in section and a cross section along the line IIIb-IIIb in FIG. 3a;
- 4 shows a perspective view of a further embodiment of the crank loop frame;
- 5 shows a perspective longitudinal section through the crank loop frame according to FIG. 4;
- 6a shows in perspective a longitudinal section through the crank loop frame with fittings in the slideways;
- 6b shows a breakout from a slideway area in longitudinal section;
- Fig. 7 perspective slideway plates.
Ein erfindungsgemäßer Kurbelschleifenrahmen 1 für z.B. eine in der DE-OS 34 33 510 beschriebene Hubkolben-Brennkraftmaschine mit Kurbelschleifentrieb weist in der Regel zwei sich gegenüberliegende Gleitbahnrahmenstege 2,3 sowie zwei Stirnstege 4,5 auf, so daß ein Rahmeninnenraum 6 gebildet wird.
In der Längsmitte der Gleitbahnrahmenstege 2,3 sind außenseitig senkrecht dazu die Kolbenstangen 7 zweier sich gegenüberliegend angeordneter nicht dargestellter Kolbenzylindereinheiten der Brennkraftmaschine angeordnet. Der nicht dargestellte Gleitstein des Kurbelschleifentriebs sitzt in an sich bekannter Weise im Innenraum 6 des Kurbelschleifenrahmens 1.
Wesentlich ist, daß die Gleitbahnrahmenstege 2,3 im Querschnitt H-förmig ausgebildet sind (Fig. 1b), und den horizontalen Gleitbahnsteg 8 sowie die beiden an den Längsrändern des Gleitbahnstegs 8 sitzenden vertikalen Schenkelstege 9 aufweisen. Der Gleitbahnsteg 8 ist mittig zwischen den Schenkelstegen 9 angeordnet, d.h. die Höhe der Schenkelstege 9 oberhalb und unterhalb des Gleitbahnstegs 8 ist gleich. Diese Symmetrie kann jedoch - falls es der Wärmefluß und/oder die Wärmekapazität und/oder die Wärmeverteilung erfordern - anders sein.A
In the longitudinal center of the
It is essential that the
Die Gleitbahnstege 8 bilden die sich gegenüberliegenden, ebenflächigen Gleitbahnen 10 im Rahmeninnenraum für den Gleitstein.The
Der abgebildete Kurbelschleifenrahmen 1 ist zweiteilig, und zwar längsmittig geteilt, ausgeführt, wobei endseitig an den Gleitbahnrahmenstegen 2,3 jeweils eine Stirnsteghälfte 11 vorgesehen ist, und die Stirnflächen 12 der Stirnsteghälften 11 in der Teilungsebene gegeneinander gesetzt sind.The
Die Gleitbahnrahmenstege 2,3 können durch Schweißung, vorzugsweise durch Elektronenstrahlschweißung (Fig. 4), zusammengesetzt sein. Ebenso ist es möglich, den Kurbelschleifenrahmen 1 einstückig herzustellen.The
Zweckmäßigerweise ist der Kurbelschleifenrahmen 1 jedoch zweiteilig ausgeführt. Eine für die Zwecke der Erfindung vorteilhafte Zusammenfügung ist in den Fig. 1, 2 dargestellt. Sie erfolgt mittels zweier rechteckiger metallischer Spannbandringe 13. Für die Lagerung der Spannbandringe 13 ist stirnseitig an jeder Stirnsteghälfte 11 ein sich in Längsrichtung der Gleitbahnrahmenstege 2,3 erstreckender - in der Stirnansicht betrachtet - U-förmiger Spannbandlagersteg 15 mit ebenen Außenflächen 14 angeordnet. Im zusammengesetzten Zustand der Gleitbahnrahmenstege 2,3 ergeben die Spannbandlagerstege 15 einen außenseitig ebenflächigen Spannbandrahmen, auf dem das Spannband mit Preßsitz lagert.The
Um zu verhindern, daß die Gleitbahnrahmenstege 2,3 in der Teilungsebene verrutschen, sind zwischen den U-Schenkeln benachbarter Spannbandlagerstege 15 in der Teilungsebene Abstandhalterbolzen 16 angeordnet, die an ihren Enden eine Stützscheibe 17 und zweckmäßigerweise eine sich außenseitig anschließende Lagerscheibe 18 geringeren Durchmessers aufweisen. Für die Lagerscheiben 18 sind halbkreisförmige Ausnehmungen 19 in die freien Endkanten 20 der Spannbandlagerstege 15 eingebracht. Im zusammengebauten Zustand des Kurbelschleifenrahmens 1 (Fig. 1) stützen sich die Stützscheiben 17 gegen die Innenfläche der Spannbandlagerstege 15 ab, während die Lagerscheiben 18 formschlüssig in den Ausnehmungen 19 lagern und vom Spannbandring 13 außenseitig abgedeckt sind. Diese Spannbandmontage ermöglicht ein einfaches und schnelles Zusammenfügen der Einzelteile des Kurbelschleifenrahmens 1 und eine Ausdehnung des Kurbelschleifenrahmens 1 in zu den Kolbenstangen 7 achsparalleler Richtung.In order to prevent the
Im Innenraum 6 des erfindungsgemäßen Kurbelschleifenrahmens 1 sitzt der Gleitstein wie in einem Käfig, weil die zum Innenraum weisenden Schenkelstege 9 den Gleitstein seitlich übergreifen.In the
Aus fertigungstechnischen und Stabilitäts-Gründen kann der Übergang der innenraumseitigen Schenkelstege 9 zu den Stirnsteghälften 11 abgerundet ausgebildet sein, so daß ein ovales Loch 20a gebildet wird.For reasons of production engineering and stability, the transition from the
Stirnseitig ist der Kurbelschleifenrahmen 1 offen, was den Wärmefluß und die Wärmeteilung begünstigt und außerdem die Leichtbauweise unterstützt.The
Das Spannband 13, das die Wärmedehnungen auffangen und die Bolzensicherung gewährleisten soll, hat aber insbesondere auch die Aufgabe, den den Wärmefluß behindernden Spalt zwischen den Gleitbahnrahmenstegen 2,3 in der Teilungsebene zu überbrücken und für eine schnelle Wärmeleitung und -verteilung zu sorgen. In gleicher Weise trägt auch der Bolzen 16 zur Wärmeleitung und - verteilung bei.The
Eine weitere vorteilhafte Zusammenfügung der Gleitbahnrahmenstege 2,3 erfolgt gemäß der in Fig. 3 dargestellten Ausführungsform mittels Dehnschrauben 21. Dabei ist endseitig in jedem Gleitbahnsteg 8 ein Loch 22 vorgesehen, das vom Schraubenschaft der Dehnschraube 21 durchgriffen wird, wobei sich der Schraubenkopf 21a rahmenaußenseitig auf der Oberfläche des Gleitbahnstegs 8 abstützt und das jeweilige endseitige Außengewinde 23 von zwei sich gegenüberliegend angeordneten Dehnungsschrauben 21 in ein entsprechendes Innengewinde eines quaderförmigen Verbindungsblocks 24 greift, der die Teilungsebene überbrückt. Der Verbindungsblock 24 liegt zweckmäßigerweise an den Innenflächen der Stirnsteghälften 11 an (Fig. 3b), wobei Kanten von in den Stirnsteghälften 11 angeordneten halbkreisförmigen Ausnehmungen 19a in einer Ringnut 25 eines außenseitig am Block 24 angeordneten Zapfens 26 lagern, so daß auch bei dieser Ausführungsform ein gegenseitiges Verschieben der Gleitbahnrahmenstege 2,3 in der Teilungsebene verhindert ist.A further advantageous joining of the
Vorteilhaft ist, an der Innenfläche der innenraumseitigen Schenkelstege 9 sich in Längsrichtung erstreckende, erhabene, ebenflächige Führungs- bzw. Stützstege 27 für den Gleitstein vorzusehen, so daß der Gleitstein seitlich geführt wird und der Wärmeübergang auch seitlich möglich ist, was die schnelle Wärmeleitung und -verteilung begünstigt (Fig. 4,5).It is advantageous on the inner surface of the
Fig. 6a/b zeigt, daß nach der Erfindung in den Gleitflächen 10 der Gleitbahnen der Gleitbahnstege 8 und vorzugsweise auch in den Gleitflächen 28 der Führungsstege 27 Pittings bzw. Vertiefungen 29 eingebracht sind, die als Ölreservoir dienen und verhindern, daß der Schmierfilm zwischen den Gleitflächen 10,28 und den entsprechenden Gleitsteinflächen abreißt. Die Form, Anzahl sowie Anordnung der Pittings 29 wird aufgrund empirischer Ermittlungen gewählt. Durch die Pittings bzw. durch die Vermeidung des Filmabrisses werden Wärmespitzen ausgeschlossen, was die schnelle Wärmeleitung und -verteilung unterstützt.Fig. 6a / b shows that according to the invention in the sliding
In Fig. 7 sind im Querschnitt U-förmige Gleitplatten 30 aus einem besonderen Metall oder z.B. aus Keramik abgebildet, die mit einer Anlagefläche 34 auf den Gleitbahnen 10 angeordnet werden können. Sie weisen in ihrem Innenraum eine sich parallel zu den Gleitflächen 10 erstreckende Gleitbasisfläche 31 sowie randlich rechtwinklig zum Innenraum 6 abgebogene Stützstege 27a auf. Die Stützstege 27a bilden entweder Gleitflächen für den Gleitstein oder dienen zur formschlüssigen Lagerung der Gleitplatten 30 unterhalb der Stützstege 27. Die Befestigung der Gleitplatten 30 an den Gleitbahnrahmenstegen 2,3 kann beliebig sein. Zweckmäßigerweise erfolgt ein endseitiges Umklammern der Gleitbahnstege 8 mit einem Bügel 32 oder ein Hintergreifen der Stirnsteghälften 11 mit abgewinkelten Lappen 33. Die Gleitplatten 30 unterstützen insbesondere den homogenen Wärmefluß in dem Rahmen 1, können aber zweckmäßigerweise auch dazu dienen, den Wärmefluß zu behindern. Der Aufbau der Gleitplatten 30 kann in Längsrichtung zonal unterschiedlich sein, so daß der Wärmefluß gezielt beeinflußt wird. Die Gleitplatten 30 können aber auch senkrecht zu ihrer Längserstreckung schichtweise aufgebaut sein, um auch in diese Richtung den Wärmefluß gezielt beeinflußen zu können.In Fig. 7, cross-sectionally U-shaped sliding
Claims (25)
- A crank slide drive frame (1) for a crank slide drive of an internal combustion engine to convert a reciprocal movement into a rotary movement, wherein the internal combustion engine has at least two piston/cylinder units opposite each other on one axis which are coupled by means of the slide crank drive between the piston/cylinder units to piston rods (7) which are rigidly fixed to the pistons, the drive comprising the crank slide frame (1), to which slide track frame members (2,3) are also secured in a likewise rigid fashion on the outside of the piston rods (7) and in the internal space (6) whereof is located a slider which is guided by means of slide tracks located within the slide track frame members (2,3) and in which a crankshaft journal of a driven crank producing the rotational movement is rotatably inserted, wherein the axis of the crank journal extends at right angles to the axis of the piston rods (7), and wherein web members (9) are provided on the slide track frame members (2,3) of the crank slide frame (1),
characterised in that
web members (9) of sufficient thermal capacity for the homogeneous distribution of heat are provided both above and below the slide track (10) of the slide track frame members (2,3) of the crank slide frame (1) and in that the slide track frame members (2,3) are H-shaped in cross-section and have a horizontal slide track member (8) and two vertical side members (9) running along the longitudinal edges of the slide track member (8). - A crank slide drive frame according to claim 1,
characterised in that
the H-shaped connecting members (9) on the slider side are taller than the H-shaped connecting members (9) on the piston rod side. - A crank slide drive frame according to claim 1,
characterised in that
the H-shaped connecting members (9) on the piston rod side are taller than the H-shaped connecting members (9) on the slider side. - A crank slide drive frame according to one of claims 1 to 3,
characterised in that
the web members (9) are taller in the vicinity of the piston rods (7) than in the vicinity of the front members (4,5) of the crank slide drive frame (1). - A crank slide drive frame according to one of claims 1 to 4,
characterised in that
additional masses with additional thermal capacity are provided in the vicinity of the end members (4,5) of the crank slide drive frame (1). - A crank slide drive frame according to one of claims 1 to 5,
characterised in that
a coating which is a poor conductor of heat is provided on the slide track surface (10) of the slide track frame members (2,3). - A crank slide drive frame according to claim 6,
characterised in that
the coating consists of ceramic. - A crank slide drive frame according to one of claims 1 to 7,
characterised in that
a plate of material which is a poor conductor of heat is provided on the slide track surface (10) of the slide track frame members (2,3). - A crank slide drive frame according to claim 8,
characterised in that
the plate consists of ceramic. - A crank slide drive frame according to one of claims 6 to 9,
characterised in that
the coating or the plates have zones of different thermal conductivity in the longitudinal direction of the slide tracks. - A crank slide drive frame according to one of claims 6 to 9,
characterised in that
the coating or the plates have zones of different thermal conductivity at right angles to the longitudinal direction. - A crank slide drive frame according to claim 10 or 11,
characterised in that
the ceramic coating or the ceramic plates are constructed of layers of ceramic sheet of different thermal conductivity and thermal capacity. - A crank slide drive frame according to one of claims 1 to 12,
characterised in that
the crank slide drive frame (1) is constructed in two parts, divided longitudinally, wherein a half end member (11) is provided at the ends of the slide track frame members (2,3) and the end surfaces (12) of the half end members (11) are located opposite each other in the parting plane. - A crank slide drive frame according to claim 13,
characterised in that
the crank slide frame members (2,3) are joined together by welding, preferably by electron beam welding. - A crank slide drive frame according to claim 13,
characterised in that
the slide track frame members (2,3) are held together face to face by means of a clamping ring (13). - A crank slide drive frame according to claim 15,
characterised in that
a U-shaped clamping ring bearing member (15) with flat external surfaces (14) is provided at the end of each half end member (11) extending in the longitudinal direction of the slide track frame members (2,3), when viewed from the front. - A crank slide drive frame according to claim 16,
characterised in that
spacer bolts (16) are located between the clamping ring mounting members (15) adjacent to the U-shaped connections in the parting plane and in that the ends of these have a supporting disc (17) and an externally mounted bearing head (18) of small diameter, wherein the bearing heads (18) are located in semi-circular recesses (19) in the free end edges (20) of the clamping ring mounting members (15) and the supporting discs (17) are supported against the internal surfaces of the clamping ring mounting members (15), while the bearing heads (18) fit closely into the recesses (19) and are covered externally by the clamping ring (13). - A crank slide drive frame according to one of claims 1 to 14,
characterised in that
the slide track frame members (2,3) are joined together at the ends by means of expansion bolts (21). - A crank drive slide drive frame according to claim 18,
characterised in that
a hole (22) is provided in each slide track member (8) and is engaged by the threaded shank of the expansion bolt (21), wherein the bolt head (21a) is supported on the outside of the frame against the surface of the slide track member (8) and each end external thread (23) of two opposing expansion bolts (21) engages a corresponding internal thread in a rectangular connection block (24) which bridges the parting plane. - A crank slide drive frame according to claim 19,
characterised in that
the connection block (24) lies against the internal surfaces of the end member halves (11), whereby the edges of semi-circular recesses (19a) in the half end members (11) are housed in an annular groove (25) of a spigot (26) which is external to the block (24). - A crank slide drive frame according to claims 1 to 20
characterised in that
a guide member (27) for the slide which extends in a longitudinal direction and has smooth surfaces is provided on the internal surface of the inner connecting members (9). - A crank slide drive frame according to one of claims 1 to 21,
characterised in that
recesses (29) are provided in the slide surfaces (10) of the slide track members (8) and preferably also in the slide surfaces (28) of the guide member (27). - A crank slide drive frame according to one of claims 8 to 22,
characterised in that
the slide plates (30) are U-shaped in cross-section and are positioned with a bearing surface (34) on the slide tracks (10) and have supporting members (27a) angled to the interior parallel to the slide base surface (31) extending along the slide surface and laterally at right angles to the internal space (6). - A crank slide drive frame according to claim 23,
characterised in that
the slide plates (30) have end stirrups (32) to clamp around the slide track members (8). - A crank slide drive frame according to claim 23, characterised in that
the slide plates (30) have angled tabs (33) to engage behind the half end members (11).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE8913971U DE8913971U1 (en) | 1989-11-27 | 1989-11-27 | |
| DE8913971U | 1989-11-27 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0429918A1 EP0429918A1 (en) | 1991-06-05 |
| EP0429918B1 true EP0429918B1 (en) | 1992-10-07 |
Family
ID=6844944
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP90121458A Expired - Lifetime EP0429918B1 (en) | 1989-11-27 | 1990-11-09 | Sliding frame for a crank for a sliding mechanism for an internal combustion engine |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5131353A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0429918B1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE8913971U1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10085207B4 (en) * | 1999-03-26 | 2009-06-25 | Reinhold Ficht | Motion converter and method for lubricating its sliding surfaces |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ATE105373T1 (en) * | 1990-02-21 | 1994-05-15 | Collins Motor Corp Ltd | LINKED ROTARY AND RECIPROCATING MOVEMENT. |
| JP3137283B2 (en) * | 1996-08-13 | 2001-02-19 | 大吉郎 磯谷 | Two-way reciprocating piston engine |
| US7503291B2 (en) * | 2005-03-09 | 2009-03-17 | Kiss Engineering, Inc. | Reciprocating device with dual chambered cylinders |
| DE112011102194T5 (en) * | 2010-06-29 | 2013-05-02 | Matthew B. Diggs | Double-acting scotch yoke arrangement for X engines |
| WO2012144073A1 (en) * | 2011-04-22 | 2012-10-26 | 有限会社タックリサーチ | X/y-separation crank mechanism and drive device provided therewith |
| DE102013106755A1 (en) * | 2013-06-27 | 2014-12-31 | Bertwin R. Geist | Sliding block for a crank-type reciprocating engine |
| US11885378B2 (en) | 2021-06-04 | 2024-01-30 | Alfadan, Inc. | Cylinder unit for eliminating secondary forces in inline internal combustion engines |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1311060A (en) * | 1919-07-22 | Planooraph co | ||
| US1287797A (en) * | 1918-01-08 | 1918-12-17 | John C Griswold | Internal-combustion engine. |
| US2101556A (en) * | 1934-09-08 | 1937-12-07 | Wayne N Morgan | Airplane engine |
| DE902925C (en) * | 1944-09-19 | 1954-01-28 | Schmidt Sche Heissdampf Ges M | Crank drive, especially for high-speed piston engines |
| US4013048A (en) * | 1975-12-12 | 1977-03-22 | Reitz Daniel M | Bourke type engine |
| DE3218311A1 (en) * | 1982-05-14 | 1983-11-24 | Ficht GmbH, 8011 Kirchseeon | CRANKSHAFT ARRANGEMENT FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES, ESPECIALLY TWO-STROKE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES WITH CYLINDERS OVERLAY FROM OTHER |
| DE3218339A1 (en) * | 1982-05-14 | 1983-11-24 | Ficht GmbH, 8011 Kirchseeon | CRANKSHAFT ARRANGEMENT FOR AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE WITH AT LEAST TWO CYLINDERS OVERLAYING FROM OTHER |
| US4598672A (en) * | 1984-05-29 | 1986-07-08 | R P & M Engines | Apparatus for stabilizing the position of a yoke in an internal combustion engine |
| DE3433510A1 (en) * | 1984-09-12 | 1986-03-20 | Ficht GmbH, 8011 Kirchseeon | Sliding block for a slider crank interacting with a crankshaft, in particular for an internal combustion engine with at least one cylinder |
| GB8608237D0 (en) * | 1986-04-04 | 1986-05-08 | Collins Motor Corp Ltd | Reciprocatory positive displacement machines |
-
1989
- 1989-11-27 DE DE8913971U patent/DE8913971U1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1990
- 1990-11-09 EP EP90121458A patent/EP0429918B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-11-09 DE DE9090121458T patent/DE59000348D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-11-27 US US07/619,060 patent/US5131353A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10085207B4 (en) * | 1999-03-26 | 2009-06-25 | Reinhold Ficht | Motion converter and method for lubricating its sliding surfaces |
| DE19913889B4 (en) * | 1999-03-26 | 2010-01-21 | Reinhold Ficht | reciprocating engine |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US5131353A (en) | 1992-07-21 |
| EP0429918A1 (en) | 1991-06-05 |
| DE59000348D1 (en) | 1992-11-12 |
| DE8913971U1 (en) | 1991-03-28 |
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