EP0429615A1 - Combustor for pulsating combustion. - Google Patents

Combustor for pulsating combustion.

Info

Publication number
EP0429615A1
EP0429615A1 EP90909188A EP90909188A EP0429615A1 EP 0429615 A1 EP0429615 A1 EP 0429615A1 EP 90909188 A EP90909188 A EP 90909188A EP 90909188 A EP90909188 A EP 90909188A EP 0429615 A1 EP0429615 A1 EP 0429615A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tube
combustion chamber
supply
openings
disc
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP90909188A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0429615B1 (en
Inventor
Johannes Gerardus Alph Postmes
Wilhelmus Paulus Willems
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
STICHTING IMPULS
Original Assignee
POSTMES JOHANNES GERARDUS ALPHONS MARIE
STICHTING IMPULS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by POSTMES JOHANNES GERARDUS ALPHONS MARIE, STICHTING IMPULS filed Critical POSTMES JOHANNES GERARDUS ALPHONS MARIE
Publication of EP0429615A1 publication Critical patent/EP0429615A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0429615B1 publication Critical patent/EP0429615B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C15/00—Apparatus in which combustion takes place in pulses influenced by acoustic resonance in a gas mass

Definitions

  • Combustor for pulsating combustion Combustor for pulsating combustion.
  • the present invention relates to a combustor for pulsating combustion, having a combustion chamber which at the inlet side is connected with a supply tube for combustion air and a supply tube for fuel and at the outlet side is provided with one or more exhaust tubes for the gasses, as is described in EP-A 157.372.
  • the combustion chamber and the in- and outlet tubes are dimensioned in such a way that they form a resonance tube which compares with the periodical
  • combustor simply can be adapted to the circumstances without interfering with the construction of the combustor.
  • this is obtained by arranging the inlet tubes one into the other, in such a way that between these inlet tubes an annular space is present, whereby the inner tube is movable in axial direction with respect to the outer tube and is provided with a widening at the side facing the combustion chamber, which widening is provided with a collar which abuts against the inside of the outer tube and wherein the wall of the widening and/or the collar is provided with openings for supplying the medium present in the annular space into the combustion chamber.
  • the content of the combustion chamber can be altered even when the combustor is in operation. After assembly the combustor in operation can be brought in optimized resonance. The frequency, power output, composition of the exhaust gasses and the kind of fuel can now efficiently be adjusted without changing the construction of the
  • the moving parts of the combustor and/or those parts that are subjected to wear are better to be reached for maintenance and/or inspection. They all together can be taken out of the combustor-system in one movement.
  • the resonance of the combustor is adjusted by means of adjusting the combustor-head also the content of the fore-space between the tubes changes. This may influence the proportion of the air/fuel ratio in the combustion chamber.
  • a disc which is provided with supply openings is axially movable in the space between both tubes. In this way it is possible to adjust the content of this space.
  • the combustor comprises a combustion chamber A being a part of the air supply tube B but divided from it by the combustor head C.
  • the air valve section E is located in such a way that there is a fore-chamber D between this section and the combustor head.
  • the combustor head C consists of the fuel supply tube 1 which is provided with a widening 2 at the side facing the
  • the widening has a radial outward situated collar 3. This collar may slide along the inner surface of the air supply tube B. In the wall of the widening 2 openings 4 for the supply of the combustion air from the fore-chamber D to the combustion chamber A are present.
  • an axially movable disc 5 is supported by a support not shown in the drawing.
  • This disc is fitted with supply openings 6 for the supply of the fuel.
  • a spark plug 14 is mounted on this disc. This plug is connected by wires with a power source not shown in the drawing. These wires may be led trough tube 1.
  • the air valve section E consists of a sleeve gland 7, a gasket 8, a gland 9, a distance piece 10, a gasket
  • the air valve section E may be fastened air tight to tube 1 by means of sleeve gland 7 and the gasket 8.
  • the location of this fitting dictates the content of fore-chamber D.
  • the distance piece 10 and the gasket 11, disc 12 may be fastened air tight to the air supply tube B.
  • the location of this fitting dictates the content of the combustion chamber and also the total content of the resonance system. In this way it is possible to " tune in " the combustor from the outside, without the need to take constructive measures.
  • spark plug 14 and the valve section E may be taken out of the outer tube B as if it where one piece.
  • the invention is not limited to the example described above.
  • the discs 5 and 12 may be equipped with an amount of narrow openings. When the combustion in the combustion chamber takes place, these openings deliver sufficient resistance to limit the pressure rise more or less to the front of these discs. By increasing the width of the openings an increasing portion of the flue gasses of the preliminary combustion will be part of the new mixture. I n this way it is possible to reduce the power output, but also to create a NOx reduction.
  • the supply openings in the wall of the widening may be made in the collar as well as any where in the outline of the
  • the function of the spark plug or the filament is to start the combustion.
  • the power supply of the spark plug or filament might be shut off.
  • the described installation preferably works with gaseous or fluid fuels, but solid fuels ( powder ) also can be used.
  • the content of a combustion chamber of 500 cm 3 equals a power output of ⁇ 30 kWatt, whereas in a combustion chamber of 040 x 300 cm ⁇ 10 MWatt can be generated.
  • the frequency of the combustion cycle mostly vary between 50 and 200 Hz.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)

Abstract

Burner having a combustion chamber (A) which is connected at the inlet side with a supply tube (B) for combustion air and a supply tube (1) for fuel and at the outlet side with one or more exhaust tubes for the flue gasses, which inlet tubes are arranged one into the other, in such a way that between these inlet tubes an annular space is present. The inner tube is movable in axial direction with respect to the outer tube and has a widened part (2) at the side facing the combustion chamber. This part comprises a collar (3) contacting the inside of the outer tube. Openings (4) are provided in the wall of the widened part or the collar for feeding medium present in the annular space between the tubes to the combustion chamber. In the space between the inner and the outer tube a disc (12) provided with openings may be installed which disc is axially movable whereby the openings may be fitted with back pressure valves. In the widened part of the inner tube another disc (5) is axially movable and is provided with supply openings and/or back pressure valves and a spark plug (14). Adjustment of the position of the inner tube and/or of the discs permits optimizing the resonance of the system.

Description

Combustor for pulsating combustion.
The present invention relates to a combustor for pulsating combustion, having a combustion chamber which at the inlet side is connected with a supply tube for combustion air and a supply tube for fuel and at the outlet side is provided with one or more exhaust tubes for the gasses, as is described in EP-A 157.372.
In a pulsating combustor, the combustion chamber and the in- and outlet tubes are dimensioned in such a way that they form a resonance tube which compares with the periodical
inflammation of the inflammable mixture in the combustion chamber and the natural frequency of the gas masses in those tubes and the combustion chamber. As a consequence of the inertia of the flowing gasses in the outlet tube(s), a subpressure arises in the combustion chamber after the
combustion, so that at the one hand fuel and air is sucked in and, at the other hand, hot flue-gasses flow back into the combustion chamber, thus igniting the newly sucked in
inflammable mixture. Consequently a cyclic proces arises which pulsates with a frequency mainly depending on the dimensions of the combustion chamber and the in- and outlet tubes and on the fuel applied. Such devices are used for heating, drying, evaporation, inciting of gas-turbines and so on. They have the advantage of a high heat-transfer-rate, thus allowing a compact construction, whereas at the same time, with an excess-combustion-air coefficient of 1, a nearly complete combustion is obtained with almost no exhaust of CO and only very f ew NOx .
For a proper functioning of a pulscombustor it is necessary that the combustion chamber and the in- and outlet tubes are dimensioned in such a way that the desired resonance occurs. This is effected experimentally by trial and error. Before a newly designed pulscombustor functions satisfactory a number of such "trial and error" experiments has to be carried out.
Hereby the construction often has to be altered drastically.
This involves much time and money.
It is the object of the present invention to supply a pulscombustor in which the desired resonance can be obtained during operation of the combustor. According to a further object of the present invention the dimensions of the
combustor simply can be adapted to the circumstances without interfering with the construction of the combustor.
According to the invention this is obtained by arranging the inlet tubes one into the other, in such a way that between these inlet tubes an annular space is present, whereby the inner tube is movable in axial direction with respect to the outer tube and is provided with a widening at the side facing the combustion chamber, which widening is provided with a collar which abuts against the inside of the outer tube and wherein the wall of the widening and/or the collar is provided with openings for supplying the medium present in the annular space into the combustion chamber. By means of this
construction the content of the combustion chamber can be altered even when the combustor is in operation. After assembly the combustor in operation can be brought in optimized resonance. The frequency, power output, composition of the exhaust gasses and the kind of fuel can now efficiently be adjusted without changing the construction of the
combustor. Furthermore, the moving parts of the combustor and/or those parts that are subjected to wear, like the sparkplug and optional valves for the supply of air and/or fuel, are better to be reached for maintenance and/or inspection. They all together can be taken out of the combustor-system in one movement. When the resonance of the combustor is adjusted by means of adjusting the combustor-head also the content of the fore-space between the tubes changes. This may influence the proportion of the air/fuel ratio in the combustion chamber. In regard with this, in the case of a preferable type of the invention, a disc which is provided with supply openings is axially movable in the space between both tubes. In this way it is possible to adjust the content of this space. ( fore-chamber ) By means of this adjustment it is possible to change the proportion of the air/fuel ratio, and so accomplish a combustion with the best efficiency. In the supply openings of the disc, back pressure valves may be fitted, in this way the pressure rise, occurring in the combustion chamber during the combustion, is limited in the fore-chamber as far as the disc. Likewise an axially movable disc provided with supply openings may be installed in the widening of the inner tube with the same function as the disc named above. This disc is attached to a adjustable rod in the inner tube and may equally be provided with back pressure valves. Moreover, this disc provides a regular distribution of the medium in the combustion chamber provided for by the inner tube. The spark plug or the filament can be installed on this disc whereby the wires for the electrical current supply can be lead through the inner tube.
The invention will further be elucidated with reference to the example represented in the drawing which shows a longitudinal section of a combustor according to the invention.
The combustor comprises a combustion chamber A being a part of the air supply tube B but divided from it by the combustor head C. In the air supply tube the air valve section E is located in such a way that there is a fore-chamber D between this section and the combustor head.
The combustor head C consists of the fuel supply tube 1 which is provided with a widening 2 at the side facing the
combustion chamber. The widening has a radial outward situated collar 3. This collar may slide along the inner surface of the air supply tube B. In the wall of the widening 2 openings 4 for the supply of the combustion air from the fore-chamber D to the combustion chamber A are present.
In the widening 2 an axially movable disc 5 is supported by a support not shown in the drawing. This disc is fitted with supply openings 6 for the supply of the fuel. Furthermore, for the purpose of starting the combustion, a spark plug 14 is mounted on this disc. This plug is connected by wires with a power source not shown in the drawing. These wires may be led trough tube 1. The air valve section E consists of a sleeve gland 7, a gasket 8, a gland 9, a distance piece 10, a gasket
11 and a disc 12 with the air valves 13.
The air valve section E may be fastened air tight to tube 1 by means of sleeve gland 7 and the gasket 8. The location of this fitting dictates the content of fore-chamber D. By means of gland 9 the distance piece 10 and the gasket 11, disc 12 may be fastened air tight to the air supply tube B. The location of this fitting dictates the content of the combustion chamber and also the total content of the resonance system. In this way it is possible to " tune in " the combustor from the outside, without the need to take constructive measures.
For repairs or inspection combustor head C together with disc 5, spark plug 14 and the valve section E may be taken out of the outer tube B as if it where one piece. The invention is not limited to the example described above. For example, it is possible to supply the fuel trough the outer tube and the combustion air trough the inner tube. Furthermore, in stead of back pressure valves, the discs 5 and 12 may be equipped with an amount of narrow openings. When the combustion in the combustion chamber takes place, these openings deliver sufficient resistance to limit the pressure rise more or less to the front of these discs. By increasing the width of the openings an increasing portion of the flue gasses of the preliminary combustion will be part of the new mixture. I n this way it is possible to reduce the power output, but also to create a NOx reduction. The supply openings in the wall of the widening may be made in the collar as well as any where in the outline of the
widening.
The function of the spark plug or the filament is to start the combustion. When the temperature of the back flowing- or still in the combustion chamber located gasses is high enough to ignite the inflammable mixture in this chamber, the power supply of the spark plug or filament might be shut off.
The described installation preferably works with gaseous or fluid fuels, but solid fuels ( powder ) also can be used.
As an example: The content of a combustion chamber of 500 cm3 equals a power output of ~ 30 kWatt, whereas in a combustion chamber of 040 x 300 cm ~ 10 MWatt can be generated.
The frequency of the combustion cycle mostly vary between 50 and 200 Hz.

Claims

CLAIMS .
1. Combustor for pulsating combustion, having a combustion chamber which at the inlet side is connected with a supply tube for combustion air and a supply tube for fuel and at the outlet side is provided with one or more exhaust tubes for the flue gasses, characterized by the fact that the inlet tubes are arranged one into the other, in such a way that between these inlet tubes an annular space is present, whereby the inner tube is movable in axial direction with respect to the outer tube and is provided with a widening at the side facing the combustion chamber, which widening is provided with a collar which abuts against the inside of the outer tube and wherein the wall of the widening or the collar is provided with openings for supplying the medium present in the annular space between the tubes into the combustion chamber.
2. Combustor according to claim 1, in which a disc which is provided with supply openings is axially movable in the space between the inner and the outer tube.
3. Combustor according to claim 1 or 2, In which a disc which is provided with supply openings is axially movable in the widening of the inner tube, which disc may be provided with a spark plug or a filament.
4. Combustor according to claim 1, 2 or 3 in which back pressure valves are provided in the supply openings.
5. Combustor according to claim 3 or 4 in which wires for the power supply to the spark plug or the filament are housed in the inner supply tube.
EP90909188A 1989-06-05 1990-06-05 Combustor for pulsating combustion Expired - Lifetime EP0429615B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL8901416A NL8901416A (en) 1989-06-05 1989-06-05 BURNER FOR PULSE BURNING.
NL8901416 1989-06-05
PCT/NL1990/000080 WO1990015286A1 (en) 1989-06-05 1990-06-05 Combustor for pulsating combustion

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0429615A1 true EP0429615A1 (en) 1991-06-05
EP0429615B1 EP0429615B1 (en) 1994-12-21

Family

ID=19854773

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90909188A Expired - Lifetime EP0429615B1 (en) 1989-06-05 1990-06-05 Combustor for pulsating combustion

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0429615B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE116051T1 (en)
DE (1) DE69015328T2 (en)
DK (1) DK0429615T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2065534T3 (en)
NL (1) NL8901416A (en)
WO (1) WO1990015286A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL9002525A (en) * 1990-11-19 1992-06-16 Stichting Impuls BURNER FOR PULSE BURNING.
AUPQ809700A0 (en) * 2000-06-09 2000-07-06 Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation Pulse combustion chamber and pulse combustor
DE10211141A1 (en) * 2002-03-14 2003-09-25 Alstom Switzerland Ltd Method for igniting the combustion chamber of a gas turbine system and ignition device for carrying out the method

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB776932A (en) * 1953-07-02 1957-06-12 Babcock & Wilcox Ltd Improvements in or relating to combustion apparatus
ATE39746T1 (en) * 1985-06-12 1989-01-15 Georg Pletzer FIRING DEVICE.
US4699588A (en) * 1986-03-06 1987-10-13 Sonotech, Inc. Method and apparatus for conducting a process in a pulsating environment

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO9015286A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE116051T1 (en) 1995-01-15
EP0429615B1 (en) 1994-12-21
ES2065534T3 (en) 1995-02-16
NL8901416A (en) 1991-01-02
DE69015328T2 (en) 1995-05-18
DK0429615T3 (en) 1995-05-15
DE69015328D1 (en) 1995-02-02
WO1990015286A1 (en) 1990-12-13

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US4298333A (en) Industrial heating installation and method of operation
CA2657054C (en) Pitot tube pressure sensor for radiant tube heater
US5259342A (en) Method and apparatus for low NOX combustion of gaseous fuels
US4496314A (en) Recuperator
US20230400184A1 (en) METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR MINIMIZING NOx AND CO EMISSIONS IN NATURAL DRAFT HEATERS
US3147795A (en) Burner utilizing an eddy plate for proper mixing of fuel and air
US4524752A (en) Recuperator
EP0328418A1 (en) Radiant tube furnace and method of burning a fuel
CA1271122A (en) Burner for gaseous fuel, particularly for a boiler, as well as method for burning gaseous fuel
EP0429615B1 (en) Combustor for pulsating combustion
US4623310A (en) Vaporized liquid fuel combustion apparatus
US4218211A (en) Energy recovery system
CA1227738A (en) Burner fed with a liquid fuel
US5338184A (en) Gas burner system, gas burner and a method for combustion control
CA1182037A (en) Pulse burners
GB2162301A (en) Infra-red heating system
EP0900981B1 (en) Pilot lighter for burners
RU16540U1 (en) GAS BURNING DEVICE
JPS57175822A (en) Combustor for gas turbine
SU964342A1 (en) Pulverised coal burner
US3855993A (en) Radiating tube burner
SU1267111A1 (en) Burner device
US2793627A (en) Grate with central outlet duct
SU1666867A1 (en) Burner
RU94017680A (en) DUST BURNER

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19910301

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB IT LI LU NL SE

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19930727

ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed

Owner name: STUDIO INGG. FISCHETTI & WEBER

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB IT LI LU NL SE

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 116051

Country of ref document: AT

Date of ref document: 19950115

Kind code of ref document: T

EAL Se: european patent in force in sweden

Ref document number: 90909188.6

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 69015328

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19950202

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FG2A

Ref document number: 2065534

Country of ref document: ES

Kind code of ref document: T3

ET Fr: translation filed
REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DK

Ref legal event code: T3

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 19950602

Year of fee payment: 6

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 19950626

Year of fee payment: 6

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DK

Payment date: 19950627

Year of fee payment: 6

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 19950629

Year of fee payment: 6

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Payment date: 19950630

Year of fee payment: 6

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 19950630

Year of fee payment: 6

Ref country code: AT

Payment date: 19950630

Year of fee payment: 6

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Payment date: 19950701

Year of fee payment: 6

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Payment date: 19950718

Year of fee payment: 6

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 19950807

Year of fee payment: 6

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19960605

Ref country code: GB

Effective date: 19960605

Ref country code: DK

Effective date: 19960605

Ref country code: AT

Effective date: 19960605

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DK

Ref legal event code: EBP

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Effective date: 19960606

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Payment date: 19960628

Year of fee payment: 7

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LI

Effective date: 19960630

Ref country code: CH

Effective date: 19960630

Ref country code: BE

Effective date: 19960630

BERE Be: lapsed

Owner name: WILLEMS WILHELMUS PAULUS

Effective date: 19960630

Owner name: POSTMES JOHANNES GERARDUS ALPHONS MARIE

Effective date: 19960630

Owner name: STICHTING IMPULS

Effective date: 19960630

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Effective date: 19970101

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 19960605

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Effective date: 19970228

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Effective date: 19970301

EUG Se: european patent has lapsed

Ref document number: 90909188.6

NLV4 Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee

Effective date: 19970101

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF EXPIRATION OF PROTECTION

Effective date: 19970606

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FD2A

Effective date: 20000301

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20050605