EP0426076A1 - Rail guard - Google Patents
Rail guard Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0426076A1 EP0426076A1 EP90120719A EP90120719A EP0426076A1 EP 0426076 A1 EP0426076 A1 EP 0426076A1 EP 90120719 A EP90120719 A EP 90120719A EP 90120719 A EP90120719 A EP 90120719A EP 0426076 A1 EP0426076 A1 EP 0426076A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- plate
- stone
- rail
- plates
- impact piece
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
- B61F19/00—Wheel guards; Bumpers; Obstruction removers or the like
- B61F19/06—Nets, catchers, or the like for catching obstacles or removing them from the track
Definitions
- the invention relates to a stone thrower, that is to say an apparatus placed in front of the locomotives, which chases obstacles (stones, etc.) from the rails.
- Such devices have been known for a long time; they include, for each wheel of the front axle of the locomotive, an arm integral with the axle box or the bogie chassis, and which extends by bending in the direction of the rail so that its end comes in front of the wheel.
- Such stone throwers have a drawback; in the event of an impact with an obstacle, the arm can deform in an uncontrolled manner.
- a first object of the invention is to produce a stone punch in which the force exerted is controlled over a large stroke of the device.
- Another object of the invention is to provide a stone thrower with great security, namely that in the event of an impact with an obstacle, the end of the apparatus moves in a given direction which tends to away from the rail or track, regardless of the direction of impact.
- Another object of the invention is to provide an apparatus for which it is easy to ascertain whether it has operated above the elastic limit of the parts, but below the predetermined energy value.
- Another object of the invention is to provide an apparatus for which it is easy to change the parts after operation.
- the stone thrower of the invention which comprises, for each of the front wheels of a rail vehicle, an elongated support, a first end of which is made integral with the front axle of the vehicle, and a impact piece placed in front of the wheel and near the rail, characterized in that the impact piece is fixed to a first plate articulated to a second plate fixed to the second end of said elongated support and parallel to said first plate, the articulation axis being perpendicular to the rail, said first and second plates being kept at a constant distance from each other, at least one stud being engaged by one end in a bore of said first plate and by a second end in a bore of said second plate, the direction of said stud being parallel to said axis of articulation.
- the reference 1 designates the front wheel of a rail vehicle, most often a locomotive; the rail on which the wheel rolls is referenced 2.
- the stone thrower of the invention comprises a robust elongated support 3, made integral with the front axle of the vehicle by being fixed, by a first end, either to the axle box or to the bogie chassis.
- the support is preferably a honeycomb metallic structure combining lightness and robustness. The method of attachment is well known and that is why it has not been shown in the figures.
- the stone thrower comprises, in known manner, an impact piece 5 arranged so as to be located above the rail, and in front of the wheel, at about ten centimeters above the rail.
- the impact part is made integral with a first plate 6, by means which will be specified below.
- the plate 6 is articulated to a second plate 7 secured to the support 3; is designated by the reference 8 the hinge axis of the plate 6; the plates 6 and 7 are vertical and parallel to the rail; for this, the support 3 is suitably curved in the vicinity of its end carrying the plate 7.
- the plate 7, preferably circular, is made integral with the support 3 by means of screws 9 placed in the cells of the support.
- the plate 7 is provided with a central protuberance 7A serving as an axis of rotation to the plate 6; the end of this protuberance is threaded; a nut 10, associated with washers 11 and 12, makes it possible to maintain the plate 6.
- the plates 6 and 7 are kept at a fixed distance from one another using a spacer 13, for example a collar engaged around the protuberance 7A.
- metal studs 14 connect the plates 6 and 7, their ends engaging in opposite holes made in these plates.
- the studs are arranged parallel to the hinge axis of the plate 6. We will see below how we can determine the number of studs; in the example described, the number of studs is three.
- the operation of the rocker is as follows: in the event of an impact on the part 5, a force F is exerted on the latter and transmitted by the plate 6 to the studs 14. If the force is greater than the elastic limit of the set of studs, the latter deform , which produces a rotation of the plate 6 and a displacement L of the impact part.
- FIG. 4 shows, in solid lines, an ideal curve of the force exerted on the rocker as a function of the displacement L of the latter; this curve corresponds to a perfect control of the force, at a given value Fo, over a length Lo, and consequently, of the energy absorbed Wo by the stone chaser which is proportional to the surface delimited by the line curve full.
- the device of the invention makes it possible to obtain an actual curve, represented in dashed lines, which approaches the theoretical curve.
- the actual curve necessarily deviates from the theoretical curve; to obtain as exact a control as possible of the energy absorbed, the values of the parameters are chosen so that the area delimited by the dashed curve is equal to the area delimited by the theoretical curve.
- the characteristics of the stone thrower of the invention make it possible to control its deformation; whatever the force exerted on the impact piece, there will always be a component that will produce the rotation of the plate 6 around its axis; the stroke of the impact piece is important since it exceeds 100 millimeters.
- marks 16, 17 facing one another. These marks may consist of a notch or a line of paint. Any deformation of the system beyond the elastic limit will result in an offset of the marks.
- the apparatus of the invention thus has a sub-assembly of trays, studs and impact piece, having the consumable character.
- the plate 6 and the impact piece 5 carry notched elements, respectively 18 and 19; the fixing between the part 5 and the plate 6 is carried out by screw 20 and nut 21, after adjustment of the height of the part 5 relative to the rail 2.
- the first plate 6 can be used as a support for an auxiliary member, for example a sandblasting pipe or a lubrication pipe.
- the holes receiving the studs can be blind; the holes can pass through the plates.
- the stone punch waterproof by covering it properly.
- the invention applies to all rail vehicles, in particular to locomotives.
Landscapes
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Spinning Or Twisting Of Yarns (AREA)
- Escalators And Moving Walkways (AREA)
- Massaging Devices (AREA)
- Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)
- Vibration Dampers (AREA)
- Compounds Of Alkaline-Earth Elements, Aluminum Or Rare-Earth Metals (AREA)
- Greenhouses (AREA)
- Handcart (AREA)
- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
- Automatic Cycles, And Cycles In General (AREA)
- Railway Tracks (AREA)
Abstract
Description
L'invention concerne un chasse-pierres, c'est-à-dire un appareil placé à l'avant des locomotives, qui chasse les obstacles (pierres, etc.) des rails.The invention relates to a stone thrower, that is to say an apparatus placed in front of the locomotives, which chases obstacles (stones, etc.) from the rails.
De tels appareils sont connus de longue date; ils comprennent, pour chaque roue de l'essieu avant de la locomotive, un bras solidaire de la boîte d'essieu ou du châssis de bogie, et qui s'étend en s'incurvant en direction du rail pour que son extrémité vienne devant la roue.Such devices have been known for a long time; they include, for each wheel of the front axle of the locomotive, an arm integral with the axle box or the bogie chassis, and which extends by bending in the direction of the rail so that its end comes in front of the wheel.
De tels chasse-pierres présentent un inconvénient; en cas de choc avec un obstacle, le bras peut se déformer d'une manière incontrolée.Such stone throwers have a drawback; in the event of an impact with an obstacle, the arm can deform in an uncontrolled manner.
Avec la solution proposée, lorsque le chasse-pierres se déforme sous l'action de la rencontre avec un obstacle, l'effort exercé sur le chasse-pierres est contrôlé pour une course importante de l'extrémité du chasse-pierres et, ainsi, l'énergie absorbée par l'appareil est limitée à une valeur prédéterminée.With the proposed solution, when the stone thrower deforms under the action of the encounter with an obstacle, the force exerted on the stone thrower is controlled for a significant stroke of the end of the stone thrower and, thus, the energy absorbed by the device is limited to a predetermined value.
Un premier but de l'invention est de réaliser un chasse-pierres dans lequel l'effort exercé soit contrôlé sur une course importante de l'appareil.A first object of the invention is to produce a stone punch in which the force exerted is controlled over a large stroke of the device.
Un autre but de l'invention est de réaliser un chasse-pierres présentant une grande sécurité, à savoir qu'en cas de choc avec un obstacle, l'extrémité de l'appareil se déplace dans une direction donnée qui a tendance à l'éloigner du rail ou de la voie, et ce, quelle que soit la direction de l'impact.Another object of the invention is to provide a stone thrower with great security, namely that in the event of an impact with an obstacle, the end of the apparatus moves in a given direction which tends to away from the rail or track, regardless of the direction of impact.
Un autre but de l'invention est de réaliser un appareil pour lequel il est aisé de constater s'il a fonctionné au-dessus de la limite élastique des pièces, mais en dessous de la valeur d'énergie prédéterminée.Another object of the invention is to provide an apparatus for which it is easy to ascertain whether it has operated above the elastic limit of the parts, but below the predetermined energy value.
Un autre but de l'invention est de réaliser un appareil dont il est facile de changer les pièces après fonctionnement.Another object of the invention is to provide an apparatus for which it is easy to change the parts after operation.
Tous ces buts sont atteints par le chasse-pierres de l'invention, qui comprend, pour chacune des roues avant d'un véhicule sur rail, un support allongé dont une première extrémité est rendue solidaire de l'essieu avant du véhicule, et une pièce d'impact placée devant la roue et à proximité du rail, caractérisé en ce que la pièce d'impact est fixée à un premier plateau articulé à un second plateau fixé à la seconde extrémité dudit support allongé et parallèle audit premier plateau, l'axe d'articulation étant perpendiculaire au rail, lesdits premier et second plateaux étant maintenus à une distance constante l'un de l'autre, au moins un goujon étant engagé par une extrémité dans un alésage dudit premier plateau et par une seconde extrémité dans un alésage dudit second plateau, la direction dudit goujon étant parallèle audit axe d'articulation.All of these objects are achieved by the stone thrower of the invention, which comprises, for each of the front wheels of a rail vehicle, an elongated support, a first end of which is made integral with the front axle of the vehicle, and a impact piece placed in front of the wheel and near the rail, characterized in that the impact piece is fixed to a first plate articulated to a second plate fixed to the second end of said elongated support and parallel to said first plate, the articulation axis being perpendicular to the rail, said first and second plates being kept at a constant distance from each other, at least one stud being engaged by one end in a bore of said first plate and by a second end in a bore of said second plate, the direction of said stud being parallel to said axis of articulation.
L'invention sera bien comprise par la description donnée ci-après d'un exemple de réalisation de l'invention, en référence au dessin annexé dans lequel:
- - la figure 1 est une vue en élévation d'un chasse-pierres selon l'invention,
- - la figure 2 est une vue de dessus du même chasse-pierres,
- - la figure 3 est une vue en coupe selon la ligne III-III de la figure 1.
- - la figure 4 est un graphique montrant les caractéristiques théorique et réelle du chasse-pierres.
- FIG. 1 is an elevation view of a stone thrower according to the invention,
- - Figure 2 is a top view of the same stone punch,
- - Figure 3 is a sectional view along line III-III of Figure 1.
- - Figure 4 is a graph showing the theoretical and actual characteristics of the stone punch.
Dans les figures, la référence 1 désigne la roue avant d'un véhicule sur rails, le plus souvent une locomotive; le rail sur lequel roule la roue est référencé 2.In the figures, the
Le chasse-pierres de l'invention comprend un support allongé robuste 3, rendu solidaire de l'essieu avant du véhicule en étant fixé, par une première extrémité, soit à la boîte d'essieu, soit au châssis de bogie. Le support est de préférence une structure métallique alvéolée alliant légèreté et robustesse. Le mode de fixation est bien connu et c'est la raison pour laquelle il n'a pas été représenté dans les figures.The stone thrower of the invention comprises a robust
Le chasse-pierres comprend, de manière connue, une pièce d'impact 5 disposée de manière à se trouver au dessus du rail, et devant la roue, à une dizaine de centimètres environ au-dessus du rail.The stone thrower comprises, in known manner, an
Selon l'invention, la pièce d'impact est rendue solidaire d'un premier plateau 6, par des moyens qui seront précisés plus loin.According to the invention, the impact part is made integral with a
Le plateau 6 est articulé à un second plateau 7 solidaire du support 3; on désigne par la référence 8 l'axe d'articulation du plateau 6; les plateaux 6 et 7 sont verticaux et parallèles au rail; pour cela, le support 3 est convenablement recourbé au voisinage de son extrémité portant le plateau 7.The
Le plateau 7, de préférence circulaire, est rendu solidaire du support 3 au moyen de vis 9 placés dans des alvéoles du support.The plate 7, preferably circular, is made integral with the
Le plateau 7 est muni d'une protubérance centrale 7A servant d'axe de rotation au plateau 6; l'extrémité de cette protubérance est filetée; un écrou 10, associé à des rondelles 11 et 12, permet le maintien du plateau 6.The plate 7 is provided with a
Les plateaux 6 et 7 sont maintenus à une distance fixe d l'un de l'autre à l'aide d'une entretoise 13, par exemple un collier engagé autour de la protubérance 7A.The
Selon une caractéristique importante de l'invention, des goujons métalliques 14 relient les plateaux 6 et 7, leurs extrémités s'engageant dans des trous en vis-à-vis pratiqués dans ces plateaux. Les goujons sont disposés parallèlement à l'axe d'articulation du plateau 6. On verra plus loin comment on peut déterminer le nombre des goujons; dans l'exemple décrit, le nombre des goujons est de trois.According to an important characteristic of the invention,
Le fonctionnement du chasse-pierres est le suivant:
en cas d'impact sur la pièce 5, un effort F est exercé sur cette dernière et transmis par le plateau 6 aux goujons 14. Si l'effort est supérieur à la limite élastique de l'ensemble des goujons, ceux-ci se déforment, ce qui produit une rotation du plateau 6 et un déplacement L de la pièce d'impact.The operation of the rocker is as follows:
in the event of an impact on the
La figure 4 montre, en trait plein, une courbe idéale de l'effort exercé sur le chasse-pierres en fonction du déplacement L de celui-ci; cette courbe correspond à un parfait contrôle de l'effort, à une valeur donnée Fo, sur une longueur Lo, et par suite, de l'énergie absorbée Wo par le chasse-pierres qui est proportionnelle à la surface délimitée par la courbe en trait plein.FIG. 4 shows, in solid lines, an ideal curve of the force exerted on the rocker as a function of the displacement L of the latter; this curve corresponds to a perfect control of the force, at a given value Fo, over a length Lo, and consequently, of the energy absorbed Wo by the stone chaser which is proportional to the surface delimited by the line curve full.
Le dispositif de l'invention permet d'obtenir une courbe réelle, représentée en traits tiretés, qui s'approche de la courbe théorique.The device of the invention makes it possible to obtain an actual curve, represented in dashed lines, which approaches the theoretical curve.
A titre d'exemple, on demande le contrôle d'une force de 1500 daN sur une longueur de 100 mm.As an example, we request the control of a force of 1500 daN over a length of 100 mm.
Pour obtenir une courbe réelle aussi proche que possible de la courbe théorique demandée, il est possible de choisir parmi les paramètres ci-après:
- nombre des goujons
- matériau des goujons
- diamètre des goujons
- distance d entre les plateaux
- distance D entre le centre de la pièce d'impact 5.To obtain an actual curve as close as possible to the requested theoretical curve, it is possible to choose from the following parameters:
- number of studs
- stud material
- stud diameter
- distance d between the plates
- distance D between the center of the
La courbe réelle s'écarte nécessairement de la courbe théorique; pour obtenir un contrôle aussi exact que possible de l'énergie absorbée, on choisit les valeurs des paramètres pour que la surface délimitée par la courbe en tiretés soit égale à la surface délimitée par la courbe théorique.The actual curve necessarily deviates from the theoretical curve; to obtain as exact a control as possible of the energy absorbed, the values of the parameters are chosen so that the area delimited by the dashed curve is equal to the area delimited by the theoretical curve.
Les caractéristiques du chasse-pierres de l'invention permettent de maîtriser sa déformation; quelle que soit la direction de l'effort exercé sur la pièce d'impact, il existera toujours une composante qui produira la rotation du plateau 6 autour de son axe; la course de la pièce d'impact est importante puisqu'elle dépasse 100 millimètres.The characteristics of the stone thrower of the invention make it possible to control its deformation; whatever the force exerted on the impact piece, there will always be a component that will produce the rotation of the
Il est possible de détecter qu'un fonctionnement du chasse-pierres a eu lieu; il suffit pour cela de placer, sur les deux plateaux, des marques 16, 17 en regard l'une de l'autre. Ces marques peuvent être constituées par une encoche ou un trait de peinture. Toute déformation du système au-delà de la limite élastique se traduira par un décalage des marques.It is possible to detect that an operation of the stone thrower has taken place; it suffices to place, on the two plates, marks 16, 17 facing one another. These marks may consist of a notch or a line of paint. Any deformation of the system beyond the elastic limit will result in an offset of the marks.
Il sera alors possible de remettre l'appareil en état de marche en dévissant les vis 9 et en plaçant des plateaux et des goujons neufs. On voit que l'appareil de l'invention présente ainsi un sous-ensemble plateaux, goujons et pièce d'impact, ayant le caractère consommable.It will then be possible to put the device back in working order by unscrewing the
Il est possible de régler la hauteur de la pièce d'impact 5 par rapport au rail; ce réglage s'avère nécessaire au fur et à mesure de l'usure des roues.It is possible to adjust the height of the
Pour cela, le plateau 6 et la pièce d'impact 5 portent des éléments crantés, respectivement 18 et 19; la fixation entre la pièce 5 et le plateau 6 est réalisé par vis 20 et écrou 21, après ajustement de la hauteur de la pièce 5 par rapport au rail 2.For this, the
Le premier plateau 6 peut être utilisé comme support pour un organe auxiliaire, par exemple un tuyau de sablage ou un conduit de graissage.The
L'invention n'est pas limité à l'exemple décrit et représenté; on peut, sans sortir du cadre de l'invention, apporter diverses variantes et remplacer certains moyens par des moyens équivalents.The invention is not limited to the example described and shown; without departing from the scope of the invention, it is possible to provide various variants and replace certain means by equivalent means.
A titre d'exemple, on peut mentionner qu'il n'est pas nécessaire que les trous recevant les goujons soient borgnes; les trous peuvent traverser les plateaux. Par ailleurs, il est possible de rendre le chasse-pierres étanche en le capotant convenablement.By way of example, it can be mentioned that it is not necessary for the holes receiving the studs to be blind; the holes can pass through the plates. In addition, it is possible to make the stone punch waterproof by covering it properly.
L'invention s'applique à tous véhicules sur rails, en particulier au locomotives.The invention applies to all rail vehicles, in particular to locomotives.
Claims (9)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT90120719T ATE96747T1 (en) | 1989-10-31 | 1990-10-29 | RAIL CLEARERS. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8914283A FR2653729B1 (en) | 1989-10-31 | 1989-10-31 | STONE HUNTER. |
FR8914283 | 1989-10-31 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0426076A1 true EP0426076A1 (en) | 1991-05-08 |
EP0426076B1 EP0426076B1 (en) | 1993-11-03 |
Family
ID=9386970
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP90120719A Expired - Lifetime EP0426076B1 (en) | 1989-10-31 | 1990-10-29 | Rail guard |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0426076B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE96747T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69004401T2 (en) |
DK (1) | DK0426076T3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2046650T3 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2653729B1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2801554B1 (en) | 1999-11-30 | 2002-02-01 | Anf Ind | DEVICE FOR CONTROLLED DEFORMATION UNDER EFFORTS OR FOR ENERGY ABSORPTION BY DEFORMATION, IN PARTICULAR OBSTACLE DEFLECTOR FOR RAIL VEHICLE |
CN117429473B (en) * | 2023-12-19 | 2024-02-13 | 大同柏盛电子电气有限公司 | Railway vehicle axle protecting device |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR829507A (en) * | 1937-02-23 | 1938-06-29 | Anciens Etablissements Billard | Constant height stone chaser for vehicles running on rails |
DE1605830A1 (en) * | 1968-02-13 | 1971-08-05 | Huebner Kg Kurt | Device on rail vehicles for clearing away obstacles on the rail |
-
1989
- 1989-10-31 FR FR8914283A patent/FR2653729B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1990
- 1990-10-29 AT AT90120719T patent/ATE96747T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-10-29 DK DK90120719.1T patent/DK0426076T3/en active
- 1990-10-29 ES ES199090120719T patent/ES2046650T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-10-29 DE DE90120719T patent/DE69004401T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-10-29 EP EP90120719A patent/EP0426076B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR829507A (en) * | 1937-02-23 | 1938-06-29 | Anciens Etablissements Billard | Constant height stone chaser for vehicles running on rails |
DE1605830A1 (en) * | 1968-02-13 | 1971-08-05 | Huebner Kg Kurt | Device on rail vehicles for clearing away obstacles on the rail |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE69004401D1 (en) | 1993-12-09 |
EP0426076B1 (en) | 1993-11-03 |
ES2046650T3 (en) | 1994-02-01 |
FR2653729B1 (en) | 1992-01-03 |
DE69004401T2 (en) | 1994-02-24 |
FR2653729A1 (en) | 1991-05-03 |
DK0426076T3 (en) | 1994-02-21 |
ATE96747T1 (en) | 1993-11-15 |
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