EP0424570A1 - Device for contactless detection of overheated parts on passing railway vehicles - Google Patents

Device for contactless detection of overheated parts on passing railway vehicles Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0424570A1
EP0424570A1 EP89119943A EP89119943A EP0424570A1 EP 0424570 A1 EP0424570 A1 EP 0424570A1 EP 89119943 A EP89119943 A EP 89119943A EP 89119943 A EP89119943 A EP 89119943A EP 0424570 A1 EP0424570 A1 EP 0424570A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
detector
infrared
electronics
fibers
scanner
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Granted
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EP89119943A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0424570B1 (en
Inventor
Dietmar Dr. Berndt
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CSEE Transport
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SIGNALTECHNIK GmbH
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Priority to EP89119943A priority Critical patent/EP0424570B1/en
Priority to DE89119943T priority patent/DE58905479D1/en
Priority to ES89119943T priority patent/ES2045341T3/en
Priority to AT89119943T priority patent/ATE93787T1/en
Publication of EP0424570A1 publication Critical patent/EP0424570A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0424570B1 publication Critical patent/EP0424570B1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61K—AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR RAILWAYS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B61K9/00—Railway vehicle profile gauges; Detecting or indicating overheating of components; Apparatus on locomotives or cars to indicate bad track sections; General design of track recording vehicles
    • B61K9/04—Detectors for indicating the overheating of axle bearings and the like, e.g. associated with the brake system for applying the brakes in case of a fault
    • B61K9/06—Detectors for indicating the overheating of axle bearings and the like, e.g. associated with the brake system for applying the brakes in case of a fault by detecting or indicating heat radiation from overheated axles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for the contactless detection of overheated parts, e.g. Axle bearings, brakes, wheel tires on passing rail vehicles.
  • overheated parts e.g. Axle bearings, brakes, wheel tires on passing rail vehicles.
  • Monitoring devices for those parts of moving rail vehicles which are heated by the moving load are known. These devices monitor the temperature of certain vehicle components by measuring the temperature dependent infrared radiation emitted by these components. Methods and devices for carrying out such measurements are e.g. described in DE-PS 23 43904, EP 0 041 178 A1 and also in US-PS 4,820,057 and the other literature cited therein.
  • the infrared detector is therefore part of the scanner attached to or on the rail.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a measuring device of the type mentioned, which overcomes the disadvantages listed above, i.e. a device in which the detector and the subsequent electronics are removed from the area of the rail and are thus arranged to be shock and vibration-proof and are shielded from interference fields.
  • the problem is solved in that the scanner with the infrared optics on the one hand and the infrared detector with its subsequent electronics on the other hand are arranged spatially separate from one another and at least one in the wavelength range of between these components for the transmission of the collected IR radiation from the infrared optics to the infrared detector approx. 2 to 12 micrometers of infrared light-conducting fiber is provided.
  • a device constructed according to the invention has the following advantages:
  • the scanner volume and weight are significantly reduced.
  • the sensitive and expensive optoelectronics is spatially clearly separated from the area of influence of harsh environmental conditions (shock, vibration, risk of destruction due to hanging parts of passing rail vehicles, etc.).
  • the lack of any active electronics in the scanner and the transmission of infrared radiation by a non-electrical fiber that is transmissive in the wavelength range leads to absolute security against interference, such as microphony, electrical or magnetic interference fields, etc.
  • the device is independent of the distance between the scanner and the rail electronics
  • FIG 1 denotes the rail on or in the immediate vicinity of which a scanner housing 2 is attached.
  • the latter contains a single-lens or multi-lens infrared optic 3 suitable for the selected radiation band, which is directed directly via a deflecting mirror 4 to the heat target to be detected.
  • This heat target can e.g. be: the axle bearing 5a of the wheel 5 of a rail vehicle, which is not otherwise shown, furthermore the tire 5b of the wheel 5 (in the case of shoe braking) or the brake discs 5c (in the case of disc braking).
  • the infrared optics 3 focus the received IR rays on the entrance surface 6 of an IR transmissive fiber 7.
  • This is preferably a fiber with the least possible path loss, selectively in the first or second atmospheric IR window, or over the entire range of approximately 2-12 Micrometer.
  • the fiber 7 transmits the temperature-analog infrared radiation along the transmission path 8 to a rail electronics 9.
  • the IR radiation emerges from the exit surface 10 of the fiber 7 and is projected onto an infrared detector 12 by focusing optics 11.
  • a suitable chopper 13 is also arranged between the exit surface 10 and the entry surface of the detector 12, as it is e.g. is known from DE-PS 23 43 904.
  • the electrical output signals of the infrared detector are fed to a preamplifier 14 and further processed in a known manner by evaluation electronics 15.
  • the fiber 7 of Figure 1a consists of three individual fibers 16; 17; 18.
  • these three fibers are only shown as examples. As such, the maximum number of fibers is limited only by geometrical-optical boundary conditions.
  • Your exit surfaces 16a; 17a; 18a are combined in the rail electronics along a radius. With the interposition of one or more focusing optics 16 '; 17 ′; 18 ', these exit surfaces face a scanning deflecting element, e.g. a wobble mirror 19 (Fig.2a) or a rotating reflective polygon 20 (Fig.2b) can be.
  • a scanning deflecting element e.g. a wobble mirror 19 (Fig.2a) or a rotating reflective polygon 20 (Fig.2b) can be.
  • the scanning deflection element now successively reflects those from the exit surfaces 16a; 17a; 18a emerging IR radiation of the fibers 16-18 via a further single or multi-lens Focusing optics 21 on the infrared detector 22.
  • IR-reflecting mirrors 23 can also be arranged between the exit faces of the fibers. It is used in e.g. known from DE-PS 23 43 904 reflected the detector temperature as a reference temperature.
  • the infrared detector 22 is followed by a preamplifier 24, the output signal of which is passed to an association electronics 25. Information about the respective position of the scanning deflection element 19 or 20 is also supplied to this assignment electronics.
  • Fig. 4 shows that at the outputs 16 ⁇ , 17 ⁇ , 18 ⁇ of the assignment electronics 25, which are clearly assigned to the fibers 16, 17, 18, the temperature-analogue output signals are now present in the correct time and place, which are separated in a known manner can be further processed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Radiation Pyrometers (AREA)
  • Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)

Abstract

A device for the contactless detection of overheated parts, such as, for example, axle bearings, brakes, wheel tyres, on passing rail vehicles is described. The device has a sensor (2), which is provided with an infrared optical system, and an infrared detector (12) with subsequent electronics and evaluation circuit (15) connected downstream. The device is characterised in that the sensor with the infrared optical system (3) on the one hand and the infrared detector (12) with subsequent electronics on the other are arranged spatially separated from one another and in that in order to pass on the infrared beams from the optical system to the detector at least one fibre which guides the infrared light in the wavelength range of approximately 2-12 micrometers is provided. In a preferred embodiment, a plurality of fibres (16, 17, 18) which run parallel to one another are used, the sensor-side light injection surfaces of which are directed towards different heat targets and whose detector-side light emergence surfaces have a scanner element (19, 20) opposite them which successively guides the beams which emerge from these emergence surfaces onto the detector in a constantly repeating fashion. An assignment electronic system (25) connected downstream receives an item of information relating to the current position of the scanner element (19, 20) and assigns the individual temperature-analogous electrical signals unambiguously to the respective fibres (16, 17, 18). <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum berührungslosen Detektieren überhitzter Teile, wie z.B. Achslager, Bremsen, Radreifen an vorüberfahrenden Schienenfahrzeugen.The invention relates to a device for the contactless detection of overheated parts, e.g. Axle bearings, brakes, wheel tires on passing rail vehicles.

Überwachungseinrichtungen für diejenigen Teile fahrender Schie­nenfahrzeuge, die durch die fahrende Beanspruchung erwärmt werden, sind bekannt. Diese Vorrichtungen überwachen die Temperatur bestimmter Fahrzeugkomponenten dadurch, daß sie die von diesen Komponenten emittierte temperaturabhängige Infrarotstrahlung messen. Verfahren und Vorrichtungen zur Durchführung derartiger Messungen sind z.B. beschrieben in DE-PS 23 43904, EP 0 041 178 A1 und auch in US-PS 4 820 057 sowie der weiteren dort zitierten Literatur.Monitoring devices for those parts of moving rail vehicles which are heated by the moving load are known. These devices monitor the temperature of certain vehicle components by measuring the temperature dependent infrared radiation emitted by these components. Methods and devices for carrying out such measurements are e.g. described in DE-PS 23 43904, EP 0 041 178 A1 and also in US-PS 4,820,057 and the other literature cited therein.

Allen diesen Verfahren bzw. Vorrichtungen ist gemeinsam, daß an der Schiene befestigt oder im unmittelbaren Schienenbereich ein Abtaster fest installiert ist, dessen geometrische Meß­achse derart orientiert ist, daß mit der Infrarotoptik im Zusammenhang mit geeigneten Gleisschaltmitteln die zu über­prüfenden Teile an den vorbeifahrenden Schienenfahrzeugen sicher und eindeutig "gesehen" werden können.All of these methods and devices have in common that attached to the rail or a scanner is permanently installed in the immediate rail area, the geometric measuring axis is oriented such that the parts to be checked on the passing rail vehicles safely and with the infrared optics in connection with suitable track switching means can be clearly "seen".

Alle diese bisher bekannten Abtaster zeichnen sich dadurch aus, daß sie neben den unabdingbar notwendigen Komponenten, wie z.B. Abtastergehäuse, geeignete Befestigungselemente, Schließdeckelmechanik, Heizung und Fokussierungsoptik einen wie auch immer gearteten Infrarotdetektor und nachfolgend eine Verstärker- und ggf. eine Wandlungs- und Übertragungselektronik (= Folgeelektronik) beinhalten, um die IR-Strahlung in elektrische Signale umzuwandeln und dann über eine Draht­verbindung an eine entfernter stehende Auswerteelektronik zur Weiterverarbeitung zu leiten. Der Infrarotdetektor ist somit Bestandteil des an bzw. bei der Schiene befestigten Abtasters.All of these previously known scanners are characterized by the fact that, in addition to the absolutely necessary components, such as, for example, scanner housing, suitable fastening elements, closing lid mechanism, heating and focusing optics, an infrared detector of whatever type and subsequently an amplifier and, if appropriate, conversion and transmission electronics ( = Subsequent electronics) include the IR radiation convert it into electrical signals and then route it to a remote evaluation electronics via a wire connection for further processing. The infrared detector is therefore part of the scanner attached to or on the rail.

Diese bisher bekannten Verfahren und Vorrichtungen haben jedoch erhebliche grundsätzliche Nachteile, die sich aus der Art ihrer Anwendung an der Schiene bzw. unmittelbar in deren Nähe ergeben. Vor allem sind derartige Infrarotdetektoren und deren Folgeelektronik außerordentlich empfindlich gegen­über den bei ihrer Anwendung auftretenden "Umweltbelastungen", wie z.B. Schock, Vibration, Temperaturänderungen, elektrischen und magnetischen Störfeldern, Abhängigkeit von Kabellängen etc.However, these previously known methods and devices have considerable fundamental disadvantages which result from the way in which they are used on the rail or in the immediate vicinity thereof. Above all, such infrared detectors and their subsequent electronics are extremely sensitive to the "environmental pollution" that occurs when they are used, e.g. Shock, vibration, temperature changes, electrical and magnetic interference fields, dependence on cable lengths, etc.

Darüberhinaus sind bisher gewisse Meßaufgaben aufgrund des notwendigen Bauvolumens derartiger Abtaster nur schwer oder gar nicht realisierbar.In addition, certain measuring tasks have hitherto been difficult or impossible to implement owing to the necessary construction volume of such scanners.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Meßvorrichtung der genannten Art anzugeben, welche die oben aufgeführten Nachteile überwindet, d.h. eine Vorrichtung, bei welcher der Detektor und die Folgeelektronik aus dem Bereich der Schiene entfernt und somit schock- und vibrationssicher angeordnet und gegen Störfelder abgeschirmt sind.The invention has for its object to provide a measuring device of the type mentioned, which overcomes the disadvantages listed above, i.e. a device in which the detector and the subsequent electronics are removed from the area of the rail and are thus arranged to be shock and vibration-proof and are shielded from interference fields.

Diese Aufgabe ist durch eine Vorrichtung gelöst, welche die in Ansprüch 1 angegebenen Merkmale aufweist.This object is achieved by a device which has the features specified in claim 1.

Wie aus dem Anspruch ersichtlich gelingt die Aufgabenlösung dadurch, daß der Abtaster mit der Infrarotoptik einerseits und der Infrarotdetektor mit seiner Folgeelektronik ande­rerseits räumlich getrennt voneinander angeordnet sind und zur Weiterleitung der aufgefangenen IR-Strahlung von der Infrarotoptik zum Infrarotdetektor zwischen diesen Bauele­menten mindestens eine im Wellenlängenbereich von ca. 2 bis 12 Mikrometer Infrarotlicht leitende Faser vorgesehen ist.As can be seen from the claim, the problem is solved in that the scanner with the infrared optics on the one hand and the infrared detector with its subsequent electronics on the other hand are arranged spatially separate from one another and at least one in the wavelength range of between these components for the transmission of the collected IR radiation from the infrared optics to the infrared detector approx. 2 to 12 micrometers of infrared light-conducting fiber is provided.

Mit der erfundenen Vorrichtung lassen sich alle heute bekannten systembedingten Nachteile eines schienen- oder schienennah montierten Infrarotabtasters mit eingebautem Detektor und Folgeelektronik vermeiden.With the invented device, all known system-related disadvantages of a near-rail or near-rail mounted infrared scanner with built-in detector and subsequent electronics can be avoided.

Insbesondere hat eine gemäß der Erfindung aufgebaute Vorrich­tung folgende Vorteile:
Das Abtastervolumen und sein Gewicht sind bedeutend ver­ringert.
Die empfindliche und teure Optoelektronik ist vom Einfluß­bereich scharfer Umweltbedingungen (Schock, Vibration, Zerstö­rungsgefahr durch herabhängende Teile vorbeifahrender Schie­nenfahrzeuge usw.) räumlich deutlich abgesetzt.
Das Fehlen jedweder Aktivelektronik im Abtaster und die Über­tragung der Infrarotstrahlung durch eine im verwendeten Wellenlängenbereich transmissive nichtelektrische Faser führt zu einer absoluten Sicherheit vor Störeinflüssen, wie z.B. Mikrophonie, elektrischen oder magnetischen Störfeldern etc.
In vernünftigen Grenzen ist die Vorrichtung unabhängig von der Entfernung zwischen Abtaster und der Schienenelektronik
Bedeutende Reduzierung des Aufwandes für Verstärkungs-, Wandelungs- und Meßelektronik sowie der notwendigen Schutz­maßnahmen (Abschirmung, Filterung, Potentialtrennung etc.).
Potentialtrennung für die analoge Meßkette zwischen dem Abtaster und der Schienenelektronik.
Und schließlich besteht die Möglichkeit, wie noch beschrieben werden wird, auf der Seite der Schienenelektronik (Empfängerseite in bekannter Weise durch geeignete Wackelspiegel oder Polygone die Signale verschiedener erfindungsgemäßer Abtaster mit einem einzigen Detektor und nachgeschalteter Folgeelektronik abzuscannen.In particular, a device constructed according to the invention has the following advantages:
The scanner volume and weight are significantly reduced.
The sensitive and expensive optoelectronics is spatially clearly separated from the area of influence of harsh environmental conditions (shock, vibration, risk of destruction due to hanging parts of passing rail vehicles, etc.).
The lack of any active electronics in the scanner and the transmission of infrared radiation by a non-electrical fiber that is transmissive in the wavelength range leads to absolute security against interference, such as microphony, electrical or magnetic interference fields, etc.
Within reasonable limits, the device is independent of the distance between the scanner and the rail electronics
Significant reduction in the effort for amplification, conversion and measurement electronics as well as the necessary protective measures (shielding, filtering, electrical isolation, etc.).
Electrical isolation for the analog electrode between the scanner and the rail electronics.
And finally, as will be described later, there is the possibility, on the rail electronics side (receiver side, of scanning the signals of various scanners according to the invention in a known manner using suitable wobble mirrors or polygons) with a single detector and downstream electronics.

In der Zeichnung ist die Erfindung in zwei Ausführungsbei­spielen dargestellt. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1a schematisch die erfundene Vorrichtung in einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel,
  • Fig. 1b schematisch das Rad eines Schienenfahrzeuges mit Backenbremsen,
  • Fig. 1c schematisch die Radachse eines Schienenfahr­zeuges mit den Scheiben einer Scheibenbremse,
  • Fig. 2a schematisch die erfundene Vorrichtung in einer zweiten Ausführungsform,
  • Fig. 2b ein reflexives Rotationspolygon, das als Scannerelement verwendbar ist,
  • Fig. 3 den Zusammenhang zwischen den Signalen und der Scannerstellung, und
  • Fig. 4 ein Diagramm der auf drei verschiedenen Kanälen ausgegebenen Signale.
In the drawing, the invention is shown in two exemplary embodiments. Show it:
  • 1a schematically, the invented device in a first embodiment,
  • 1b schematically shows the wheel of a rail vehicle with shoe brakes,
  • 1c schematically shows the wheel axis of a rail vehicle with the discs of a disc brake,
  • 2a schematically shows the invented device in a second embodiment,
  • 2b is a reflective rotation polygon that can be used as a scanner element,
  • Fig. 3 shows the relationship between the signals and the scanner position, and
  • Fig. 4 is a diagram of the signals output on three different channels.

In Fig.1 ist mit 1 die Schiene bezeichnet, an der bzw. in deren unmittelbaren Nähe ein Abtastergehäuse 2 befestigt ist. Letzteres enthält eine für das ausgewählte Strahlungsband geeignete ein- oder mehrlinsige Infrarotoptik 3, die direkt über einen Umlenkspiegel 4 auf das zu detektierende Wärme­ziel gerichtet ist. Dieses Wärmeziel kann z.B. sein: das Achslager 5a des Rades 5 eines sonst nicht weiter darge­stellten Schienenfahrzeuges, ferner der Reifen 5b des Rades 5 (bei Backenbremsung)oder die Bremsscheiben 5c (bei Scheiben­bremsung).In Figure 1, 1 denotes the rail on or in the immediate vicinity of which a scanner housing 2 is attached. The latter contains a single-lens or multi-lens infrared optic 3 suitable for the selected radiation band, which is directed directly via a deflecting mirror 4 to the heat target to be detected. This heat target can e.g. be: the axle bearing 5a of the wheel 5 of a rail vehicle, which is not otherwise shown, furthermore the tire 5b of the wheel 5 (in the case of shoe braking) or the brake discs 5c (in the case of disc braking).

Die Infrarotoptik 3 fokussiert die empfangenen IR-Strahlen auf die Eintrittsfläche 6 einer IR-transmissiven Faser 7. Diese ist vorzugsweise eine Faser mit möglichst geringer Streckendämpfung, selektiv im ersten oder zweiten atmosphä­rischen IR-Fenster, oder über den Gesamtbereich von ca. 2-12 Mikrometer. Konkret kann beispielsweise eine Faser der Typen 70/140 PJ, 150/200 PJ, 350/400 o.ä. der Firma LE VERRE FLUORE, Frankreich, zum Einsatz kommen.The infrared optics 3 focus the received IR rays on the entrance surface 6 of an IR transmissive fiber 7. This is preferably a fiber with the least possible path loss, selectively in the first or second atmospheric IR window, or over the entire range of approximately 2-12 Micrometer. Specifically, for example, a fiber of the types 70/140 PJ, 150/200 PJ, 350/400 or the like. from LE VERRE FLUORE, France.

Die Faser 7 überträgt die temperaturanaloge Infrarotstrahlung entlang der Übertragungsstrecke 8 zu einer Schienenelek­tronik 9.The fiber 7 transmits the temperature-analog infrared radiation along the transmission path 8 to a rail electronics 9.

In dieser Schienenelektronik 9 tritt die IR-Strahlung aus der Austrittsfläche 10 der Faser 7 aus und wird von einer Fokus­sierungsoptik 11 auf einen Infrarotdetektor 12 projiziert. Zwischen der Austrittsfläche 10 und der Eintrittsfläche des Detektors 12 ist noch ein geeigneter Chopper 13 angeordnet, wie er z.B. aus der DE-PS 23 43 904 bekannt ist.In this rail electronics 9, the IR radiation emerges from the exit surface 10 of the fiber 7 and is projected onto an infrared detector 12 by focusing optics 11. A suitable chopper 13 is also arranged between the exit surface 10 and the entry surface of the detector 12, as it is e.g. is known from DE-PS 23 43 904.

Die elektrischen Ausgangssignale des Infrarotdetektors werden einem Vorverstärker 14 zugeführt und in bekannter Weise von einer Auswerteelektronik 15 weiterverarbeitet.The electrical output signals of the infrared detector are fed to a preamplifier 14 and further processed in a known manner by evaluation electronics 15.

In den Fig.2a, 2b ist eine zweite Ausführungsform der Erfin­dung dargestellt. In dieser Ausführungsform besteht die Faser 7 der Fig.1a aus drei einzelnen Fasern 16; 17; 18. Diese drei Fasern sind jedoch nur beispielsweise gezeigt. An sich ist die Maximalzahl der Fasern nur durch geometrisch-optische Randbedingungen begrenzt.2a, 2b shows a second embodiment of the invention. In this embodiment, the fiber 7 of Figure 1a consists of three individual fibers 16; 17; 18. However, these three fibers are only shown as examples. As such, the maximum number of fibers is limited only by geometrical-optical boundary conditions.

Die Fasern 16; 17; 18 sind zu einem parallel verlaufenden Bündel zusammengefaßt. Jedoch sind die Eintrittsflächen schienenseitig (= abtasterseitig) auf verschiedene Wärme­ziele gerichtet.The fibers 16; 17; 18 are combined into a parallel bundle. However, the entry surfaces are directed towards different heat targets on the track side (= scanner side).

Ihre Austrittsflächen 16a; 17a; 18a sind in der Schienen­elektronik entlang eines Radius zusammengefaßt. Unter Zwischen­schaltung einer oder mehrerer Fokussierungsoptiken 16′; 17′; 18′ stehen diese Austrittsflächen gegenüber einem scannenden Umlenkelement, das z.B. ein Wackelspiegel 19 (Fig.2a) oder ein rotierendes reflexives Polygon 20 (Fig.2b) sein kann.Your exit surfaces 16a; 17a; 18a are combined in the rail electronics along a radius. With the interposition of one or more focusing optics 16 '; 17 ′; 18 ', these exit surfaces face a scanning deflecting element, e.g. a wobble mirror 19 (Fig.2a) or a rotating reflective polygon 20 (Fig.2b) can be.

Das scannende Umlenkelement reflektiert nun nacheinander die aus den Austrittsflächen 16a; 17a; 18a austretende IR-Strahlung der Fasern 16-18 über eine weitere ein- oder mehrlinsige Fokussierungsoptik 21 auf den Infrarotdetektor 22.The scanning deflection element now successively reflects those from the exit surfaces 16a; 17a; 18a emerging IR radiation of the fibers 16-18 via a further single or multi-lens Focusing optics 21 on the infrared detector 22.

Zwischen den Austrittsflächen der Fasern können noch IR-reflek­tierende Spiegel 23 angeordnet sein. Über sie wird in z.B. aus der DE-PS 23 43 904 bekannten Weise die Detektortempe­ratur als Referenztemperatur eingespiegelt.IR-reflecting mirrors 23 can also be arranged between the exit faces of the fibers. It is used in e.g. known from DE-PS 23 43 904 reflected the detector temperature as a reference temperature.

Dem Infrarotdetektor 22 ist ein Vorverstärker 24 nachgeschaltet, dessen Ausgangssignal auf eine Zuordnungselektronik 25 geleitet wird. Dieser Zuordnungselektronik wird außerdem eine Informa­tion über die jeweilige Stellung des scannenden Umlenkele­mentes 19 bzw. 20 zugeführt.The infrared detector 22 is followed by a preamplifier 24, the output signal of which is passed to an association electronics 25. Information about the respective position of the scanning deflection element 19 or 20 is also supplied to this assignment electronics.

Über die Scannerstellung a; b; c; (Fig.2a), die z.B. mittels eines Zeit- oder Winkelcodierers gewonnen werden kann, ordnet die Zuordnungselektronik die zeitlich aufeinaderfolgenden Aus­gangssignale der unterschiedlichen Fasern 16-18 eindeutig der jeweiligen Faser zu. Dies ist schematisch in Fig.3 dargestellt.About the scanner position a; b; c; (Fig.2a), e.g. can be obtained by means of a time or angle encoder, the assignment electronics clearly assign the successive output signals of the different fibers 16-18 to the respective fiber. This is shown schematically in Figure 3.

Fig.4 zeigt, daß an den Ausgängen 16˝, 17˝, 18˝ der Zu­ordnungselektronik 25, die eindeutig den Fasern 16, 17, 18 zugeordnet sind, nun in zeitlich und räumlich richtiger Zuordnung die temperaturanalogen Ausgangssignale anstehen, die in bekannter Weise getrennt einer weiteren Verarbeitung zugeführt werden können.Fig. 4 shows that at the outputs 16˝, 17˝, 18˝ of the assignment electronics 25, which are clearly assigned to the fibers 16, 17, 18, the temperature-analogue output signals are now present in the correct time and place, which are separated in a known manner can be further processed.

Es ist jedoch nicht unbedingt nötig, die Kanäle physikalisch zu vereinzeln. Es ist ebenso eine durch eine geeignete Folge­elektronik zeitbezogene Dekodierung der jeweiligen Kanal­inhalte denkbar.However, it is not absolutely necessary to physically separate the channels. A time-related decoding of the respective channel contents by suitable subsequent electronics is also conceivable.

Claims (8)

1.) Vorrichtung zum berührungslosen Detektieren über­hitzter Achslager und/oder Bremsen und/oder Radreifen an vorüberfahrenden Schienenfahrzeugen, mit einem an der Schiene bzw. im unmittelbaren Schienenbereich fest installierten Abtaster mit einer Infrarotoptik sowie einem nachgeschalteten Infrarotdetektor und einer hieran angeschlossenen Folge­elektronik, welche die vom Detektor ausgegebenen, der IR-Strahlung analogen elektrischen Signale an eine Auswerteschaltung weiterleitet,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Abtaster (2) mit der Infra­rotoptik (3) einerseits und der Infrarotdetektor (12;22) mit seiner Folgeelektronik (14;15;24) andererseits räumlich getrennt voneinander angeordnet sind, und daß zur Weiter­leitung der aufgefangenen IR-Strahlung von der Infrarot­optik (3) zum Infrarotdetektor (12;22) zwischen diesen Bauelementen mindestens eine Infrarotlicht im Wellenlängen­bereich von ca. 2 bis 12 Mikrometer leitende Faser (7;16; 17;18) vorgesehen ist.1.) Device for the contactless detection of overheated axle bearings and / or brakes and / or wheel tires on passing rail vehicles, with a scanner permanently installed on the rail or in the immediate rail area with an infrared optics as well as a downstream infrared detector and a subsequent electronics connected to it Output detector, which forwards IR radiation analog electrical signals to an evaluation circuit,
characterized in that the scanner (2) with the infrared optics (3) on the one hand and the infrared detector (12; 22) with its subsequent electronics (14; 15; 24) on the other hand are arranged spatially separated from one another, and in that for the transmission of the captured IR radiation from the infrared optics (3) to the infrared detector (12; 22) between these components, at least one infrared light in the wavelength range of approximately 2 to 12 micrometers of conductive fiber (7; 16; 17; 18) is provided. 2.) Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mehrere IR-Lichtleitfasern (16;17;18) parallel zueinander verwendet werden, deren Lichteintrittsflächen schienenseitig auf verschiedene Wärmeziele (Lager, Radreifen, Bremse) gerichtet sind,
daß zwischen den Lichtaustrittsflächen (16a;17a;18a) der Fasern (16;17;18) und dem Detektor (22) ein Scannerelement (19;20) angeordnet ist, das die aus den Lichtaustrittsflächen der einzelnen Fasern austretenden IR-Strahlen in stetiger Wiederholung zeitlich nacheinander dem Detektor zuführt und daß zwecks Zuordnung der einzelnen Signale zu den jewei­ligen Fasern eine Zuordnungselektronik (25) vorgesehen ist, der einerseits die der IR-Strahlung in den einzelnen Fasern analogen elektrischen Signale und andererseits eine Information über die jeweilige Stellung des Scannerelementes (19;20) zugeführt werden.2.) Device according to claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of IR optical fibers (16; 17; 18) are used in parallel with one another, the light entry surfaces of which are directed towards different heat targets (bearings, wheel tires, brakes) on the rail side,
that a scanner element (19; 20) is arranged between the light exit surfaces (16a; 17a; 18a) of the fibers (16; 17; 18) and the detector (22), which continuously emits the IR rays emerging from the light exit surfaces of the individual fibers Repetition supplies the detector one after the other in time and that for the purpose of assigning the individual signals to the respective fibers, an assignment electronics (25) is provided, which on the one hand that of the IR radiation in the individual fibers analog electrical signals and on the other hand information about the respective position of the scanner element (19; 20) are supplied. 3.) Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Scannerelement ein Wackelspiegel (19) ist.3.) Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the scanner element is a wobble mirror (19). 4.) Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Scannerelement ein umlaufendes reflektives Polygon (20) ist.4.) Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the scanner element is a circumferential reflective polygon (20). 5.) Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet daß in Lichtrichtung vor dem Detektor (22) IR-reflektierende Spiegelflächen (23) angeordnet sind, über welche die Detektor­temperatur als Referenztemperatur auf den Detektor (22) rückgespiegelt wird.5.) Device according to claim 2, characterized in that in the light direction in front of the detector (22) IR-reflecting mirror surfaces (23) are arranged, via which the detector temperature is reflected as a reference temperature on the detector (22). 6.) Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die IR-reflektierenden Spiegelflächen (23) zwischen den Austrittsflächen (16a;17a;18a) der einzelnen Fasern (16;17;18) angeordnet sind (Fig.2a).6.) Device according to claim 5, characterized in that the IR-reflecting mirror surfaces (23) between the exit surfaces (16a; 17a; 18a) of the individual fibers (16; 17; 18) are arranged (Fig.2a). 7.) Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Zuordnungselektronik (25) einen Codierer enthält, durch den mit Hilfe eines nachgeschalteten Mikroprozessors die Signale der verschiedenen Kanäle (Fasern 16;17;18) auf einer einzigen elektrischen Leitung kanalweise exakt identifiziert weiterverarbeitbar sind.7.) Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the assignment electronics (25) contains an encoder, by means of which a signals can be processed by the microchannels with the help of a downstream microprocessor, fibers 16; 17; 18) on a single electrical line are. 8.) Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, gekennzeichnet durch eine derart ausgebildete Zuordnungselektronik, daß die einzelnen Kanäle physikalisch getrennt auf separaten Leitungen (16˝;17˝;18˝) zur weiteren Verarbeitung ausgegeben werden (Fig.4).8.) Device according to claim 2, characterized by such a design electronics that the individual channels are physically separated on separate lines (16˝; 17˝; 18˝) are output for further processing (Fig.4).
EP89119943A 1989-10-27 1989-10-27 Device for contactless detection of overheated parts on passing railway vehicles Expired - Lifetime EP0424570B1 (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP89119943A EP0424570B1 (en) 1989-10-27 1989-10-27 Device for contactless detection of overheated parts on passing railway vehicles
DE89119943T DE58905479D1 (en) 1989-10-27 1989-10-27 Device for the contactless detection of overheated parts on passing rail vehicles.
ES89119943T ES2045341T3 (en) 1989-10-27 1989-10-27 DEVICE FOR THE DETECTION WITHOUT CONTACT OF OVERHEATED PARTS IN RAILWAY VEHICLES.
AT89119943T ATE93787T1 (en) 1989-10-27 1989-10-27 DEVICE FOR THE NON-CONTACT DETECTION OF OVERHEATING PARTS ON PASSING RAIL VEHICLES.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP89119943A EP0424570B1 (en) 1989-10-27 1989-10-27 Device for contactless detection of overheated parts on passing railway vehicles

Publications (2)

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EP0424570A1 true EP0424570A1 (en) 1991-05-02
EP0424570B1 EP0424570B1 (en) 1993-09-01

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AT (1) ATE93787T1 (en)
DE (1) DE58905479D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2045341T3 (en)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4207493A1 (en) * 1992-03-10 1993-11-18 Telefunken Microelectron Contactless temp. monitoring system for ferromagnetic vehicle brake disc - measures temp. dependent permeability in air gap of transformer, with min. permeability larger than one below Curie temp. and threshold permeability between min. and one, and compares actual and threshold values.
EP0604389A1 (en) * 1992-12-21 1994-06-29 VAE Aktiengesellschaft Device for the detection of unacceptably heated components or spots on moving objects
WO1997011871A1 (en) * 1995-09-29 1997-04-03 Science Applications International Corporation Apparatus and method for detecting high temperatures in railroad car wheels and bearings
FR2752806A1 (en) * 1996-09-04 1998-03-06 Sagem HOT BOX DETECTOR
DE4217681C3 (en) * 1992-05-29 1999-02-25 Rabotek Ind Computer Gmbh Wheelset diagnostic device for monitoring passing railway vehicles
US20180283954A1 (en) * 2017-03-29 2018-10-04 Eaton Corporation Systems, devices, and apparatus for monitoring temperature at remote locations using infrared light
CN109932062A (en) * 2019-04-24 2019-06-25 马鞍山市江海节能科技有限公司 Scan-type optical fibre infrared temperature measurement instrument and temp measuring system

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10105027C1 (en) * 2001-01-25 2002-08-22 Siemens Ag Method for generating an alarm signal indicating a bearing damage to an axle bearing

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US3545005A (en) * 1965-09-24 1970-12-01 Cornelius A Gallagher Hotbox detector

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US3545005A (en) * 1965-09-24 1970-12-01 Cornelius A Gallagher Hotbox detector

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4207493A1 (en) * 1992-03-10 1993-11-18 Telefunken Microelectron Contactless temp. monitoring system for ferromagnetic vehicle brake disc - measures temp. dependent permeability in air gap of transformer, with min. permeability larger than one below Curie temp. and threshold permeability between min. and one, and compares actual and threshold values.
DE4217681C3 (en) * 1992-05-29 1999-02-25 Rabotek Ind Computer Gmbh Wheelset diagnostic device for monitoring passing railway vehicles
EP0604389A1 (en) * 1992-12-21 1994-06-29 VAE Aktiengesellschaft Device for the detection of unacceptably heated components or spots on moving objects
US5478151A (en) * 1992-12-21 1995-12-26 Vae Eisenbahnsysteme Aktiengesellschaft Device for detecting excessively heated components or locations in moving objects
AT400989B (en) * 1992-12-21 1996-05-28 Vae Ag DEVICE FOR DETECTING INADMISSIBLY HEATED COMPONENTS OR. POSITION ON MOVING OBJECTS
WO1997011871A1 (en) * 1995-09-29 1997-04-03 Science Applications International Corporation Apparatus and method for detecting high temperatures in railroad car wheels and bearings
FR2752806A1 (en) * 1996-09-04 1998-03-06 Sagem HOT BOX DETECTOR
WO1998009862A1 (en) * 1996-09-04 1998-03-12 Sagem S.A. Hot box sensor
US20180283954A1 (en) * 2017-03-29 2018-10-04 Eaton Corporation Systems, devices, and apparatus for monitoring temperature at remote locations using infrared light
US10539465B2 (en) * 2017-03-29 2020-01-21 Eaton Intelligent Power Limited Systems, devices, and apparatus for monitoring temperature at remote locations using infrared light
US11073425B2 (en) 2017-03-29 2021-07-27 Eaton Intelligent Power Limited Systems, devices, and apparatus for monitoring temperature at remote locations using infrared light
CN109932062A (en) * 2019-04-24 2019-06-25 马鞍山市江海节能科技有限公司 Scan-type optical fibre infrared temperature measurement instrument and temp measuring system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE93787T1 (en) 1993-09-15
EP0424570B1 (en) 1993-09-01
ES2045341T3 (en) 1994-01-16
DE58905479D1 (en) 1993-10-07

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