EP0423656A2 - Device for securing a lid on a can, especially paint can - Google Patents

Device for securing a lid on a can, especially paint can Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0423656A2
EP0423656A2 EP90119643A EP90119643A EP0423656A2 EP 0423656 A2 EP0423656 A2 EP 0423656A2 EP 90119643 A EP90119643 A EP 90119643A EP 90119643 A EP90119643 A EP 90119643A EP 0423656 A2 EP0423656 A2 EP 0423656A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
projection
ring
head end
distance
lid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP90119643A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0423656B1 (en
EP0423656A3 (en
Inventor
Jürgen Dahl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Axalta Coating Systems Germany GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Herberts GmbH
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0423656A2 publication Critical patent/EP0423656A2/en
Publication of EP0423656A3 publication Critical patent/EP0423656A3/en
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Publication of EP0423656B1 publication Critical patent/EP0423656B1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D51/00—Closures not otherwise provided for
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D45/00—Clamping or other pressure-applying devices for securing or retaining closure members
    • B65D45/02—Clamping or other pressure-applying devices for securing or retaining closure members for applying axial pressure to engage closure with sealing surface
    • B65D45/30—Annular members, e.g. with snap-over action or screw-threaded

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for securing the lid of a can, in particular a paint can, against undesired opening, with a surface at the head end and a circumferential side wall, which forms a hollow body and consists of two sections of different diameters, and with a distance from the head end of the device and on the inside of the first portion of the side wall.
  • Cans, especially lacquer cans are often with a lid, such as a press-in cover.
  • a lid such as a press-in cover.
  • cans with an opening of more than 70 mm need to be secured against undesired opening during transport.
  • Such safety devices previously consisted of a type of bracket that can be fixed to the can with the aid of two brackets and protects the can lid from an undesired opening by holding it down.
  • brackets for fixing the bracket, which increases the cost of manufacturing the cans.
  • Stacking of the cans is also excluded when using such hangers.
  • Devices for securing the lid of a can which act as a cap-like hold-down device on the can closed with the lid be put on.
  • Such cap-like hold-downs have a surface at the head end and are provided with a circumferential side wall, which forms a hollow body and consists of two sections of different diameters, and with a projection arranged at a distance from the head end and on the inside of the first section of the side wall.
  • Such a device is described in German utility model G 87 08 272.1. With such a device, after the lid has been applied to a can, it can be difficult and time-consuming to remove the device for securing the lid from the can.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a device for securing the lid of a can, in particular paint can, which prevents unwanted opening of the can, especially during transport, when used improperly, but at the same time is characterized by easy handling, so that it lends itself to use between individual phases of use of the paint can, but without quickly losing its effectiveness through repeated use.
  • a device of the type mentioned which is a cap-like hold-down device, in that the projection arranged on the inside of the first section of the side wall is only largely circumferential, ie that its beginning in the circumferential direction in a distance to the end is arranged.
  • the projection is thus not in the form of a closed circumferential ring, but is interrupted at least once. It can also consist of several sections, for example two, four or eight sections.
  • the device for securing the lid of a can in particular paint can, has a largely circumferential projection, the beginning of which is arranged at a distance from the end in the circumferential direction, a removal of the can is made possible without this Excessive effort is required, since in the one or more gaps that arise between the beginning and end or between the sections of the projection, an auxiliary tool that is required anyway for opening the can, such as a screwdriver can be inserted, with the help of which the securing device can be easily removed from the can without the risk of destroying the securing device.
  • the projection consists of two sections, each beginning at a distance from the central axis of the device and ending at a distance from the central axis, this represents a particularly advantageous embodiment of the securing device according to the invention.
  • the lead consists of four or more, e.g. Eight sections, each beginning at a distance from one of the two center lines and ending at a distance from the second center line arranged perpendicularly thereto, thus create a securing device which enables an aid, such as e.g. to insert a screwdriver into a plurality of gaps provided for receiving such an aid in order to detach the securing device from the socket without any particular effort.
  • an aid such as e.g. to insert a screwdriver into a plurality of gaps provided for receiving such an aid in order to detach the securing device from the socket without any particular effort.
  • the surface at the head end of the device can be designed in a ring shape and can be provided with one or more webs. This results in a material saving compared to a completely closed surface.
  • the device can be equipped with a so-called stacking bead.
  • This is one on the top of the surface at the head end vertically arranged ring, which engages in the usual indentation of the can bottom of the can to be stacked above and enables non-slip stacking.
  • the ring can have a smaller outside and inside diameter than the entire device. However, its outside diameter can also match the outside diameter of the device, ie the ring can be designed as an extension of the side wall.
  • the ring can be continuous, it can also have notches on the inside or it can have interruptions. Notches or interruptions can only mechanically damage certain areas of the ring in the event of an impact load, so that the functionality of the ring is retained.
  • the stacking bead also serves as shock or fall protection. This stacking bead also serves to stabilize the securing device according to the invention.
  • the device according to the invention has a plurality of cam-shaped elevations (cams) on the surface facing the can lid to be secured at the head end.
  • cams are arranged so that they lie on the lid provided on the edge of the lid when pressed and press this onto the inner edge of the can.
  • the cams are therefore preferably formed on a circular path that runs on the surface at the head end of the device at a distance from the circumferential side wall. The distance from the peripheral side wall is chosen so that the cams press on the edge of the lid of the lid to be secured.
  • the cams are formed individually and not as a circumferential surface in order to enable better removal or opening of the device. Several, for example four, six or eight cams can lie on the circular orbit.
  • the design of the securing device makes it possible to remove it from the can to be secured without having to exert increased force, so that damage to the securing device is effectively counteracted and repeated use of the securing device is made possible due to the simple and safe handling.
  • the device according to the invention can consist of different materials, in particular plastics.
  • plastics examples include polyethylene and polypropylene.
  • polyethylene the necessary strength and good flexibility for attachment and removal to and from the can are achieved.
  • Polypropylene ensures that the device functions properly.
  • the device 1 is designed as a circular, cap-like hold-down device and has at its head end a ring 3 that partially closes the ring, on the outer edge (see FIG. 2) of which a side wall 4 forming a hollow body is arranged all around.
  • the ring 3 is arranged coaxially to the center point 2 of the device 1 and ends with its inner edge pointing towards the center point at a distance from the outside, which in the present exemplary embodiment is approximately 12.5 mm.
  • a smaller or larger distance from the inner edge is also conceivable, or an overall closed surface of the head end.
  • the ring 3 has, in its inner diameter, four crosswise arranged, respectively opposite sections of the inside of the ring which connect to one another and are integrally formed with it, webs 5 which are arranged at a distance of 90 ° from one another and whose ends facing the ring 3 are tapered with a radius the ring 3 or its inner diameter are connected.
  • the number of webs 5 can also be more or less than 4, depending on the can size.
  • the inner ends of the ribs 5 converge in a circular center 6, which is also arranged co-axially with the center 2 of the device 1.
  • the circumferential side wall 4 consists of two sections 7, 8 of different diameters and different heights, the first section 7 adjoining the ring 3 of the head end and taking up a little more than 2/3 of the wall height having an 8 small diameter compared to the second section having.
  • the wall section adjoining the ring 3 has, at about half its wall height, an inward-facing circumferential projection 9, which is interrupted co-axially to the center lines and whose inside dimension is less than the diameter of the first section and its side 10 facing the ring 3 just formed, is arranged parallel to the ring 3.
  • the side of the projection 9 facing away from the ring 3 is designed as a bevel 11, which drops at the edge forming the inside diameter of the projection 9 towards the end of the end of the first wall section 7 facing away from the ring 3 such that here the inside diameter of the first section 7 and the inside diameter of the slope 11 of the projection 9 starting here is identical.
  • the second section 8 of the side wall 4 has a larger diameter than the first section 7 and begins on the side of the ring 3 facing away from the ring Projection 9 or at the end of the first section 7 facing away from the ring 3 and ends at a distance from this.
  • the projection 9 is interrupted co-axially to the center lines of the device 1 or the webs 5, i.e. it begins and ends at a distance from the center lines 12, shown in FIGS. 2 and 1.
  • the side of the ring 3 of the hold-down device 1 facing away from the side wall 4 is provided with a rib-shaped second ring 13, as shown in FIG. 2, which, as shown in FIG. 1, concentrically runs circumferentially at a distance from the outer edge of the horizontally arranged ring 3 is arranged. Furthermore, the ring 13 is vertical, i.e. at an angle of 90 ° to the ring 3.
  • Both the horizontally arranged ring 3 and the webs 5, the center 6, the side wall 4 and the projection 9 are formed in one piece.
  • the second section 8 of the side wall 4 each at least partially comprising the first section 7 of the side wall 4 of the hold-down device 1 underneath and the surface 3 of the head end designed as a ring and the outer surface edge of the side facing away from the side wall 4 of the ring 13 of the lower holding-down device 1 engages with the underside of the projection 9 or the bevels 11 of the projection 9 of the holding-down device 1 located above it, so that a large number of devices are stacked non-slip on top of one another can be.
  • cap-shaped hold-down device 1 While the cap-shaped hold-down device 1 is in use, as shown in FIG. 3, it is placed on the head end of a can and a conventional lid.
  • the projection 7 over that at the head end of the box 14 located flare 15 pressed so that first the slope 11 slides along the flare 15 so that the flat end 10 of the projection 9 facing the head end of the hold-down device 1 comes into engagement with the underside of the flare 15 and the hold-down device 1 firmly on the can 14 sits.
  • these can also be stacked one above the other in connection with the hold-down device 1, the ring 13 arranged vertically on the hold-down device 1 in the provided or customary recess 17 of the can bottom (as shown in FIG. 14) of the can to be stacked above it engages and so a non-slip storage or stacking of cans is guaranteed.
  • FIG. 4 shows an example of an embodiment of the device according to the invention, which has eight webs 5. Also shown in this embodiment are cams 18 which, as can also be seen from FIGS. 5 and 6, which represent a section or partial section of FIG. 4, are arranged such that they extend inwards from the surface at the head end. You can press on the edge of the lid of the lid placed on the can and press it on the inner edge of the can. A cam 18 is also shown which can be pressed or pressed onto the center of the can lid.
  • FIG. 1 to explain the embodiment in FIGS. 4, 5 and 6.
  • the numbering of the side wall 4, the projection 9 and the ring 13 (stacking bead) in FIG. 6 corresponds to the numbering in FIG. 2.
  • the ring 13 is shown spaced from the side wall, i.e. its outer and inner diameters are less than the overall diameter of the device. However, the ring 13 can also be shifted to the outer edge, so that it is designed as an extension of the side wall 4.

Abstract

Device for securing a lid on a can, especially paint can, preventing undesirable opening, with a flat face at the top end and a side wall around it which forms a hollow body and comprises two sections of differing diameters, and with a projection located at a distance from the top end of the device and on the inside of the first section of the side wall, which is designed to extend virtually all around.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Sichern des Deckels einer Dose, insbesondere einer Farbdose, vor unerwünschtem Öffnen, mit einer Fläche am Kopfende und einer umlaufenden, einen Hohlkörper bildenden aus zwei Abschnitten unterschiedlichen Durchmessers bestehenden Seitenwand und mit einem im Abstand zum Kopfende der Vorrichtung und an der Innenseite des ersten Abschnitts der Seitenwand angeordneten Vorsprung.The invention relates to a device for securing the lid of a can, in particular a paint can, against undesired opening, with a surface at the head end and a circumferential side wall, which forms a hollow body and consists of two sections of different diameters, and with a distance from the head end of the device and on the inside of the first portion of the side wall.

Dosen, insbesondere Lackdosen (beispielsweise Eindrückdeckeldosen nach DIN 2028), sind häufig mit einem Deckel, wie z.B. einem Eindrückdeckel, versehen. Dosen mit einer Öffnung von über 70 mm bedürfen aus sicherheitstechnischen Gründen einer Sicherung vor unerwünschter Öffnung während des Transports.Cans, especially lacquer cans (e.g. press-in lid cans according to DIN 2028) are often with a lid, such as a press-in cover. For safety reasons, cans with an opening of more than 70 mm need to be secured against undesired opening during transport.

Derartige Sicherheitsvorrichtungen bestanden bisher aus einer Art Bügel, der mit Hilfe zweier Halterungen an der Dose festzulegen ist und den Dosendeckel vor einer unerwünschten Öffnung durch Niederhalten schützt. Dabei ist es jedoch notwendig, Halterungen zur Festlegung des Bügels vorzusehen, wodurch sich die Herstellung der Dosen verteuert. Auch wird eine Stapelung der Dosen bei Verwendung solcher Bügel ausgeschlossen.Such safety devices previously consisted of a type of bracket that can be fixed to the can with the aid of two brackets and protects the can lid from an undesired opening by holding it down. However, it is necessary to provide brackets for fixing the bracket, which increases the cost of manufacturing the cans. Stacking of the cans is also excluded when using such hangers.

Eine weitere Möglichkeit der Sicherung bietet die Benutzung von Klammern, die jedoch aufwendig manuell aufgebracht werden müssen und nur mittels eines technischen Geräts wieder gelöst werden können. Die Handhabung derartiger Dosen hat sich als unpraktisch erwiesen.Another possibility of securing offers the use of clips, which, however, have to be applied manually in a complex manner and can only be released again using a technical device. The handling of such cans has proven to be impractical.

Zur Sicherung des Deckels einer Dose sind auch Vorrichtungen bekannt, die als kappenartiger Niederhalter auf die mit dem Deckel verschlossene Dose aufgesetzt werden. Solche kappenartige Niederhalter weisen am Kopfende eine Fläche auf und sind mit einer umlaufenden, einen Hohlkörper bildenden aus zwei Abschnitten unterschiedlichen Durchmessers bestehenden Seitenwand und mit einem im Abstand zum Kopfende und an der Innenseite des ersten Abschnittes der Seitenwand angeordneten Vorsprung versehen. Eine solche Vorrichtung wird in dem deutschen Gebrauchsmuster G 87 08 272.1 beschrieben. Bei einer derartigen Vorrichtung kann es nach Aufbringen des Deckels auf eine Dose schwierig und zeitaufwendig sein, die Vorrichtung zum Sichern des Deckels von der Dose zu entfernen.Devices for securing the lid of a can are also known which act as a cap-like hold-down device on the can closed with the lid be put on. Such cap-like hold-downs have a surface at the head end and are provided with a circumferential side wall, which forms a hollow body and consists of two sections of different diameters, and with a projection arranged at a distance from the head end and on the inside of the first section of the side wall. Such a device is described in German utility model G 87 08 272.1. With such a device, after the lid has been applied to a can, it can be difficult and time-consuming to remove the device for securing the lid from the can.

Desweiteren bedarf es zum Aufbringen des Deckels einer erhöhten Kraftanstrengung, so daß die Gefahr besteht, daß aufgrund der auftretenden Schwierigkeiten bei der Handhabung der Sicherungsvorrichtung auf eine weitere Benutzung nach erstmaligem Gebrauch der Farbdosen verzichtet wird.Furthermore, an increased effort is required to apply the lid, so that there is a risk that due to the difficulties encountered in handling the safety device, further use after the first use of the paint cans will be dispensed with.

Weiterhin besteht die Gefahr, daß durch übermäßigen Kraftaufwand beim Entfernen der Sicherungsvorrichtung diese beschädigt werden, so daß eine neuerliche Benutzung bzw. ein neuerlicher Einsatz der Sicherungsvorrichtung nicht möglich ist.Furthermore, there is a risk that excessive force when removing the safety device will damage it, so that a new use or a new use of the safety device is not possible.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Vorrichtung zum Sichern des Deckels einer Dose, insbesondere Farbdose, zu schaffen, die ein unerwünschtes Öffnen der Dose, insbesondere während des Transportes, bei unsachgemäßem Gebrauch verhindert, sich jedoch gleichzeitig durch einfache Handhabbarkeit auszeichnet, so daß sie sich auch zu einem Gebrauch zwischen einzelnen Benutzungsphasen der Farbdose anbietet, ohne jedoch durch wiederholte Benutzung schnell an Wirkungskraft zu verlieren.The invention has for its object to provide a device for securing the lid of a can, in particular paint can, which prevents unwanted opening of the can, especially during transport, when used improperly, but at the same time is characterized by easy handling, so that it lends itself to use between individual phases of use of the paint can, but without quickly losing its effectiveness through repeated use.

Diese Aufgabe wird bei einer Vorrichtung der eingangs genannten Gattung, bei der es sich um einen kappenartigen Niederhalter handelt, dadurch gelöst, daß der an der Innenseite des ersten Abschnittes der Seitenwand angeordnete Vorsprung nur weitgehend umlaufend ausgestaltet ist, d.h., daß dessen Anfang in Umfangsrichtung in einem Abstand zu dessen Ende angeordnet ist. Der Vorsprung ist somit nicht in Form eines geschlossenen umlaufenden Ringes ausgestattet, sondern ist zumindest einmal unterbrochen. Er kann auch aus mehreren Abschnitten, beispielsweise aus zwei, vier oder acht Abschnitten bestehen.This object is achieved in a device of the type mentioned, which is a cap-like hold-down device, in that the projection arranged on the inside of the first section of the side wall is only largely circumferential, ie that its beginning in the circumferential direction in a distance to the end is arranged. The projection is thus not in the form of a closed circumferential ring, but is interrupted at least once. It can also consist of several sections, for example two, four or eight sections.

Dadurch, daß gemäß der Erfindung die Vorrichtung zum Sichern des Deckels einer Dose, insbesondere Farbdose, einen weitgehenden umlaufend ausgestalteten Vorsprung aufweist, dessen Anfang in Umfangsrichtung in einem Abstand zu dessen Ende angeordnet ist, wird ein Entfernen der Dose ermöglicht, ohne daß es hierzu einer übergroßen Kraftanstrengung bedarf, da in den zwischen Anfang und Ende oder zwischen den Abschnitten des Vorsprunges entstehenden einer oder mehreren Spalten ein Hilfswerkzeug, welches ohnehin zum Öffnen der Dose benötigt wird, wie z.B. ein Schraubenzieher, eingebracht werden kann, mit dessen Hilfe die Sicherungsvorrichtung mühelos von der Dose zu entfernen ist, ohne daß die Gefahr besteht, die Sicherungsvorrichtung zu zerstören.Characterized in that according to the invention the device for securing the lid of a can, in particular paint can, has a largely circumferential projection, the beginning of which is arranged at a distance from the end in the circumferential direction, a removal of the can is made possible without this Excessive effort is required, since in the one or more gaps that arise between the beginning and end or between the sections of the projection, an auxiliary tool that is required anyway for opening the can, such as a screwdriver can be inserted, with the help of which the securing device can be easily removed from the can without the risk of destroying the securing device.

Besteht der Vorsprung aus zwei Abschnitten, die jeweils in einem Abstand zur Mittelachse der Vorrichtung beginnen und in einem Abstand zur Mittelachse enden, so stellt dies eine besonders vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen Sicherungsvorrichtung dar.If the projection consists of two sections, each beginning at a distance from the central axis of the device and ending at a distance from the central axis, this represents a particularly advantageous embodiment of the securing device according to the invention.

Besteht der Vorsprung aus vier oder mehr, z.B. acht Abschnitten, die jeweils in einem Abstand zu einer der beiden Mitteillinien beginnen, und in einem Abstand zur senkrecht dazu angeordneten zweiten Mittelliniee enden, so ist dadurch eine Sicherungsvorrichtung geschaffen, die es ermöglicht ein Hilfsmittel, wie z.B. einen Schraubenzieher in eine Vielzahl von zur Aufnahme eines solchen Hilfsmittels vorgesehenen Spalten einzubringen, um die Sicherungsvorrichtung ohne besonderen Kraftaufwand von der Dose zu lösen.If the lead consists of four or more, e.g. Eight sections, each beginning at a distance from one of the two center lines and ending at a distance from the second center line arranged perpendicularly thereto, thus create a securing device which enables an aid, such as e.g. to insert a screwdriver into a plurality of gaps provided for receiving such an aid in order to detach the securing device from the socket without any particular effort.

Ist die zum Kopfende hinweisende Seite des Vorsprunges jeweils eben und parallel zur am Kopfende befindlichen Fläche ausgestaltet, so wird dadurch ein besonders guter Sitz des Sicherungsdeckels gewährleistet.If the side of the projection pointing towards the head end is in each case flat and parallel to the surface located at the head end, this ensures a particularly good fit of the securing cover.

Die Fläche am Kopfende der Vorrichtung kann ringförmig ausgestaltet und mit einem oder mehreren Stegen versehen sein. Hierdurch ergibt sich eine Materialersparnis im Vergleich mit einer vollständig geschlossenen Fläche.The surface at the head end of the device can be designed in a ring shape and can be provided with one or more webs. This results in a material saving compared to a completely closed surface.

Um eine Lagerung mehrerer Dosen übereinander gestapelt zu erleichtern, kann die Vorrichtung mit einer sogenannten Stapelsicke ausgestattet sein. Hierbei handelt es sich um einen auf der Oberseite der Fläche am Kopfende senkrecht angeordneten Ring, der in die übliche Einbuchtung des Dosenbodens der darüber zu stapelnden Dose eingreift und eine rutschfeste Stapelung ermöglicht. Der Ring kann einen geringeren Außen- und Innendurchmesser als die gesamte Vorrichtung aufweisen. Sein Außendurchmesser kann jedoch auch mit dem Außendurchmesser der Vorrichtung übereinstimmen, d.h. der Ring kann als Verlängerung der Seitenwand ausgebildet sein. Der Ring kann durchgehend ausgebildet sein, er kann an der Innenseite auch Einkerbungen aufweisen oder er kann Unterbrechungen aufweisen. Durch Einkerbungen oder Unterbrechungen können bei einer Stoßbelastung nur bestimmte Stellen des Ringes mechanisch beschädigt werden, so daß die Funktionsfähigkeit des Ringes erhalten bleibt. Die Stapelsicke dient somit auch als Stoß- oder Fall-Schutz. Diese Stapelsicke dient auch zu einer Stabilisierung der erfindungsgemäßen Sicherungsvorrichtungs.In order to facilitate the storage of several cans stacked one above the other, the device can be equipped with a so-called stacking bead. This is one on the top of the surface at the head end vertically arranged ring, which engages in the usual indentation of the can bottom of the can to be stacked above and enables non-slip stacking. The ring can have a smaller outside and inside diameter than the entire device. However, its outside diameter can also match the outside diameter of the device, ie the ring can be designed as an extension of the side wall. The ring can be continuous, it can also have notches on the inside or it can have interruptions. Notches or interruptions can only mechanically damage certain areas of the ring in the event of an impact load, so that the functionality of the ring is retained. The stacking bead also serves as shock or fall protection. This stacking bead also serves to stabilize the securing device according to the invention.

Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform weist die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung an der dem zu sichernden Dosendeckel zugewandten Fläche am Kopfende mehrere nockenförmige Erhebungen (Nocken) auf. Diese Nocken sind so angeordnet, daß sie beim Aufsetzen auf die mit Deckel versehene Dose auf dem Deckelrand aufliegen und diesen auf den inneren Dosenrand drücken. Die Nocken sind daher bevorzugt auf einer Kreisbahn ausgebildet, die an der Fläche am Kopfende der Vorrichtung im Abstand von der umlaufenden Seitenwand verläuft. Der Abstand von der umlaufenden Seitenwand ist so gewählt, daß die Nocken auf den Deckelrand des zu sichernden Deckels drücken. Es ist jedoch auch möglich, eine oder mehrere Nocken im Inneren der umlaufenden Kreisbahn, beispielsweise in der Deckelmitte, zur weiteren Sicherung anzubringen. Die Nocken sind einzeln und nicht als umlaufende Fläche ausgebildet, um ein besseres Entfernen bzw. Öffnen der Vorrichtung zu ermöglichen. Auf der kreisförmigen Umlaufbahn können mehrere, beispielsweise vier, sechs oder acht Nocken liegen.According to a preferred embodiment, the device according to the invention has a plurality of cam-shaped elevations (cams) on the surface facing the can lid to be secured at the head end. These cams are arranged so that they lie on the lid provided on the edge of the lid when pressed and press this onto the inner edge of the can. The cams are therefore preferably formed on a circular path that runs on the surface at the head end of the device at a distance from the circumferential side wall. The distance from the peripheral side wall is chosen so that the cams press on the edge of the lid of the lid to be secured. However, it is also possible to attach one or more cams inside the circumferential circular path, for example in the middle of the cover, for further securing. The cams are formed individually and not as a circumferential surface in order to enable better removal or opening of the device. Several, for example four, six or eight cams can lie on the circular orbit.

Durch die Ausgestaltung der Sicherungsvorrichtung wird es ermöglicht, diese von der zu sichernden Dose zu entfernen, ohne erhöhten Kraftaufwand wirksam werden zu lassen, so daß einer Beschädigung der Sicherungsvorrichtung wirksam entgegengewirkt wird und aufgrund der einfachen und sicheren Handhabung eine wiederholte Verwendung der Sicherungsvorrichtung ermöglicht wird.The design of the securing device makes it possible to remove it from the can to be secured without having to exert increased force, so that damage to the securing device is effectively counteracted and repeated use of the securing device is made possible due to the simple and safe handling.

Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung kann aus verschiedenen Materialien bestehen, insbesondere aus Kunststoffen. Beispiele hierfür sind Polyethylen und Polypropylen. Bei der Verwendung von Polyethylen werden die notwendige Festigkeit und eine gute Flexibilität zum Anbringen und Entfernen auf bzw. von der Dose bewirkt. Polypropylen gewährleistet eine gute Funktionsfähigkeit der Vorrichtung.The device according to the invention can consist of different materials, in particular plastics. Examples include polyethylene and polypropylene. When using polyethylene, the necessary strength and good flexibility for attachment and removal to and from the can are achieved. Polypropylene ensures that the device functions properly.

In der Zeichnung ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung schematisch dargestellt, und zwar zeigt

  • Fig. 1 eine Draufsicht der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung,
  • Fig. 2 einen Schnitt nach Linie A-A in Figur 1,
  • Fig. 3 eine Seitenansicht mit Teilschnitt der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung auf eine mit einem Eindrückdeckel versehenen Dose,
  • Fig. 4 eine weitere Draufsicht der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung,
  • Fig. 5 einen Schnitt nach Linie A-A in Figur 4 und
  • Fig. 6 einen Teilschnitt des Schnittes nach Linie A-A in Figur 4.
In the drawing, an embodiment of the device according to the invention is shown schematically, namely shows
  • 1 is a plan view of the device according to the invention,
  • 2 shows a section along line AA in FIG. 1,
  • 3 shows a side view with partial section of the device according to the invention on a can provided with a press-in cover,
  • 4 shows a further top view of the device according to the invention,
  • Fig. 5 shows a section along line AA in Figure 4 and
  • 6 shows a partial section of the section along line AA in FIG. 4.

Wie in Figur 1 dargestellt, ist die Vorrichtung 1 als kreisrunder kappenartiger Niederhalter ausgestaltet und weist an seinem Kopfende einen diesen teilweise verschließenden Ring 3 auf, an dessen äußeren Rand (siehe Figur 2) umlaufend eine, einen Hohlkörper bildende Seitenwand 4 angeordnet ist. Der Ring 3 ist koaxial zum Mittelpunkt 2 der Vorrichtung 1 angeordnet und endet mit seinem zum Mittelpunkt hinweisenden inneren Rand in einem Abstand zum äußeren, der in dem hier vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel etwa 12,5 mm beträgt. Es ist jedoch auch ein kleinerer oder größerer Abstand zum inneren Rand denkbar oder aber eine insgesamt geschlossene Fläche des Kopfendes.As shown in FIG. 1, the device 1 is designed as a circular, cap-like hold-down device and has at its head end a ring 3 that partially closes the ring, on the outer edge (see FIG. 2) of which a side wall 4 forming a hollow body is arranged all around. The ring 3 is arranged coaxially to the center point 2 of the device 1 and ends with its inner edge pointing towards the center point at a distance from the outside, which in the present exemplary embodiment is approximately 12.5 mm. However, a smaller or larger distance from the inner edge is also conceivable, or an overall closed surface of the head end.

Der Ring 3 weist in seinem inneren Durchmesser vier kreuzartig angeordnete, jeweils gegenüberliegende Abschnitte der Ring­innenseite miteinander verbindende und einstückig mit ihm ausgebildete Stege 5 auf, die in einem Abstand von 90° zuein­ander angeordnet sind und deren dem Ring 3 zugewandte Enden über einen Radius auslaufend mit dem Ring 3 bzw. dessen inne­ren Durchmesser verbunden sind. Die Anzahl der Stege 5 kann je nach Dosengröße auch mehr oder weniger als 4 betragen. Die inneren Enden der Rippen 5 laufen in einem kreisförmig ausgestalteten Mittelpunkt 6 zusammen, der ebenfalls co-axial zum Mittelpunkt 2 der Vorrichtung 1 angeordnet ist.The ring 3 has, in its inner diameter, four crosswise arranged, respectively opposite sections of the inside of the ring which connect to one another and are integrally formed with it, webs 5 which are arranged at a distance of 90 ° from one another and whose ends facing the ring 3 are tapered with a radius the ring 3 or its inner diameter are connected. The number of webs 5 can also be more or less than 4, depending on the can size. The inner ends of the ribs 5 converge in a circular center 6, which is also arranged co-axially with the center 2 of the device 1.

Die umlaufende Seitenwand 4 besteht aus zwei Abschnitten 7, 8 unterschiedlichen Durchmessers und unterschiedlicher Höhe, wobei der an den Ring 3 des Kopfendes angrenzende und etwas mehr als 2/3 der Wandhöhe einnehmende erste Abschnitt 7 einen, im Vergleich zum zweiten Abschnitt, 8 kleinen Durchmesser aufweist.The circumferential side wall 4 consists of two sections 7, 8 of different diameters and different heights, the first section 7 adjoining the ring 3 of the head end and taking up a little more than 2/3 of the wall height having an 8 small diameter compared to the second section having.

Der an den Ring 3 angrenzende Wandabschnitt weist auf etwa der Hälfte seiner Wandhöhe einen nach innen weisenden umlaufenden jeweils co-axial zu den Mittellinien unterbrochenen, Vorsprung 9, dessen lichtes Maß geringer ist als der Durchmesser des ersten Abschnittes und dessen dem Ring 3 zugewandte Seite 10 eben ausgebildet, parallel zum Ring 3 angeordnet ist.The wall section adjoining the ring 3 has, at about half its wall height, an inward-facing circumferential projection 9, which is interrupted co-axially to the center lines and whose inside dimension is less than the diameter of the first section and its side 10 facing the ring 3 just formed, is arranged parallel to the ring 3.

Die dem Ring 3 abgewandte Seite des Vorsprungs 9 ist als Schräge 11 ausgebildet, die an der den Innendurchmesser des Vorsprunges 9 bildenden Kante, zum Ende des dem Ring 3 abgewandten Endes des ersten Wandabschnittes 7 derart abfällt, daß hier der Innendurchmesser des ersten Abschnittes 7 und der Innendurchmesser der hier beginnenden Schräge 11 des Vorsprunges 9 identisch ist.The side of the projection 9 facing away from the ring 3 is designed as a bevel 11, which drops at the edge forming the inside diameter of the projection 9 towards the end of the end of the first wall section 7 facing away from the ring 3 such that here the inside diameter of the first section 7 and the inside diameter of the slope 11 of the projection 9 starting here is identical.

Der zweite Abschnitt 8 der Seitenwand 4 weist einen, im Vergleich zum ersten Abschnitt 7, größeren Durchmesser auf und beginnt an der, dem Ring 3 abgewandten Seite des Vorsprunges 9 bzw. an dem dem Ring 3 abgewandten Ende des ersten Abschnittes 7 und endet in einem Abstand zu diesem.The second section 8 of the side wall 4 has a larger diameter than the first section 7 and begins on the side of the ring 3 facing away from the ring Projection 9 or at the end of the first section 7 facing away from the ring 3 and ends at a distance from this.

Der Vorsprung 9 ist jeweils co-axial zu den Mittellinien der Vorrichtung 1 bzw. der Stege 5 unterbrochen, d.h. er beginnt und endet jeweils in einem Abstand zu den Mittellinien 12, dargestellt in Figur 2 und 1.The projection 9 is interrupted co-axially to the center lines of the device 1 or the webs 5, i.e. it begins and ends at a distance from the center lines 12, shown in FIGS. 2 and 1.

Die der Seitenwand 4 abgewandte Seite des Ringes 3 des Niederhalters 1 ist mit einem rippenartig ausgestalteten zweiten Ring 13, wie in Figur 2 gezeigt, versehen, der konzentrisch, wie in Figur 1 dargestellt, in einem Abstand zum äußeren Rand des horizontal angeordneten Ringes 3 umlaufend angeordnet ist. Desweiteren ist der Ring 13 vertikal, d.h. in einem Winkel von 90°, zum Ring 3 angeordnet.The side of the ring 3 of the hold-down device 1 facing away from the side wall 4 is provided with a rib-shaped second ring 13, as shown in FIG. 2, which, as shown in FIG. 1, concentrically runs circumferentially at a distance from the outer edge of the horizontally arranged ring 3 is arranged. Furthermore, the ring 13 is vertical, i.e. at an angle of 90 ° to the ring 3.

Sowohl der horizontal angeordnete Ring 3 als auch die Stege 5, der Mittelpunkt 6, die Seitenwand 4 und der Vorsprung 9 sind einstückig ausgebildet.Both the horizontally arranged ring 3 and the webs 5, the center 6, the side wall 4 and the projection 9 are formed in one piece.

Vor oder nach einer Benutzung des Niederhalters 1 kann dieser zusammen mit anderen übereinander gestapelt werden, wobei der zweite Abschnitt 8 der Seitenwand 4 jeweils den ersten Abschnitt 7 der Seitenwand 4 des darunter befind­lichen Niederhalters 1 wenigstens teilweise umfaßt und die als Ring ausgebildete Oberfläche 3 des Kopfendes und der äußere Flächenrand der, der Seitenwand 4 abgewandten Seite des Ringes 13 des unteren Niederhalters 1 mit der Unter­seite des Vorsprunges 9 bzw. der Schrägen 11 des Vorsprunges 9 des darüber befindlichen Niederhalters 1 in Eingriff steht, so daß eine Vielzahl von Vorrichtungen rutschfest übereinander gestapelt werden können.Before or after use of the hold-down device 1, this can be stacked together with others, the second section 8 of the side wall 4 each at least partially comprising the first section 7 of the side wall 4 of the hold-down device 1 underneath and the surface 3 of the head end designed as a ring and the outer surface edge of the side facing away from the side wall 4 of the ring 13 of the lower holding-down device 1 engages with the underside of the projection 9 or the bevels 11 of the projection 9 of the holding-down device 1 located above it, so that a large number of devices are stacked non-slip on top of one another can be.

Während des Einsatzes des kappenartig ausgebildeten Nieder­halters 1 ist dieser, wie in Figur 3 dargestellt, auf dem Kopfende einer Dose und einem üblichen Deckel aufgesetzt. Dazu wird der Vorsprung 7 über die am Kopfende der Dose 14 befindliche Bördelung 15 derartig gedrückt, daß zunächst die Schräge 11 an der Bördelung 15 entlanggleitet, so daß die dem Kopfende des Niederhalters 1 zugewandte eben ausge­staltete Fläche 10 des Vorsprunges 9 mit der Unterseite der Bördelung 15 in Eingriff gelangt und der Niederhalter 1 fest auf der Dose 14 sitzt. Dabei besteht zwischen der Unterseite des Ringes 3 und den Stegen 5 des Niederhalters 1 und den zu sicherenden Deckel 16 ein geringer Abstand bzw. ein nur leichter Kontakt, so daß gewährleistet ist, daß der Vorsprung 9 auch bei etwaigen Toleranzen in der Höhe der Bördelung 15 diese umgreift. Durch den geringen Abstand bzw. leichten Kontakt zwischen der Unterseite des Ringes 3 und den Stegen 5 und der Oberseite des Deckels 16 und den festen Sitz der Vorrichtung 1 ist eine nur geringfügige theoretische, d.h. eine in ihrer Auswirkung zu vernach­lässigende Verlagerung des Deckels 16 möglich, so daß dieser selbst bei unsachgemäßem Gebrauch der Dose 14, d.h. bei z.B. einem etwaigen Herabstürzen der Dose 14 von der Ladefläche eines LKWs, mit Hilfe des Niederhalters 1 verschlossen bleibt.While the cap-shaped hold-down device 1 is in use, as shown in FIG. 3, it is placed on the head end of a can and a conventional lid. For this purpose, the projection 7 over that at the head end of the box 14 located flare 15 pressed so that first the slope 11 slides along the flare 15 so that the flat end 10 of the projection 9 facing the head end of the hold-down device 1 comes into engagement with the underside of the flare 15 and the hold-down device 1 firmly on the can 14 sits. There is a small distance or only slight contact between the underside of the ring 3 and the webs 5 of the hold-down 1 and the cover 16 to be secured, so that it is ensured that the projection 9 even with any tolerances in the amount of the flange 15th encompasses them. Due to the small distance or slight contact between the underside of the ring 3 and the webs 5 and the top of the cover 16 and the tight fit of the device 1, only a slight theoretical, ie a negligible displacement of the cover 16 is possible, so that even with improper use of the can 14, ie in the event of a possible fall of the can 14 from the loading area of a truck, it remains closed with the hold-down device 1.

Durch die Aussparungen bzw. Unterbrechungen des Vorsprunges 9 in ihrer umfänglichen Ausdehnung ist es möglich, zur De­montage der Vorrichtung 1 bzw. des Niederhalters 1 zwischen die Bördelung 15 bzw. die Dose 14 und die Seitenwand 4 des Niederhalters 1 an den Aussparungen ein Werkzeug bzw. Hilfsmittel einzuführen, um so ohne Kraftan­strengung oder sonstige auftretende Probleme den Niederhalter 1 von der Dose 14 lösen zu können.Due to the recesses or interruptions of the projection 9 in their circumferential extent, it is possible to disassemble the device 1 or the holding-down device 1 between the flange 15 or the can 14 and the side wall 4 of the holding-down device 1 at the recesses. Introduce aids so that the holding-down device 1 can be released from the can 14 without exertion or other problems.

Zur Lagerung mehrerer Dosen können diese auch in Verbindung mit dem Niederhalter 1 übereinander gestapelt werden, wobei der auf dem Niederhalter 1 senkrecht angeordnete Ring 13 in die dafür vorgesehene bzw. übliche Einbuchtung 17 des Dosenbodens (wie in Figur 14 gezeigt) der darüber zu stapelnden Dose greift und so eine rutschfeste Lagerung bzw. Stapelung von Dosen gewährleistet ist.To store a plurality of cans, these can also be stacked one above the other in connection with the hold-down device 1, the ring 13 arranged vertically on the hold-down device 1 in the provided or customary recess 17 of the can bottom (as shown in FIG. 14) of the can to be stacked above it engages and so a non-slip storage or stacking of cans is guaranteed.

In der Figur 4 ist ein Beispiel für eine Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung aufgezeigt, die acht Stege 5 aufweist. Ferner sind in dieser Ausführungsform Nocken 18 dargestellt, die, wie auch aus den Figuren 5 und 6, die einen Schnitt bzw. Teilschnitt der Figur 4 darstellen, ersichtlich ist, so angeordnet sind, daß sie sich von der Fläche am Kopfende nach innen erstrecken. Sie können auf den Deckelrand des auf die Dose aufgesetzten Deckel drücken und diesen auf den inneren Dosenrand drücken. Es ist auch eine Nocke 18 dargestellt, die auf die Mitte des Dosendeckels drücken oder gedrückt werden kann. Im übrigen wird zur Erläuterung der Ausführungsform der Figuren 4, 5 und 6 auf die Ausführungen zur Figur 1 hingewiesen. Die Bezifferung der Seitenwand 4, des Vorsprungs 9 und des Ringes 13 (Stapelsicke) in der Figur 6 entspricht der Bezifferung in Figur 2.FIG. 4 shows an example of an embodiment of the device according to the invention, which has eight webs 5. Also shown in this embodiment are cams 18 which, as can also be seen from FIGS. 5 and 6, which represent a section or partial section of FIG. 4, are arranged such that they extend inwards from the surface at the head end. You can press on the edge of the lid of the lid placed on the can and press it on the inner edge of the can. A cam 18 is also shown which can be pressed or pressed onto the center of the can lid. In addition, reference is made to the explanations for FIG. 1 to explain the embodiment in FIGS. 4, 5 and 6. The numbering of the side wall 4, the projection 9 and the ring 13 (stacking bead) in FIG. 6 corresponds to the numbering in FIG. 2.

In der Figur 6 wird der Ring 13 im Abstand von der Seitenwand dargestellt, d.h. sein Außen- und Innendurchmesser sind geringer als der Gesamtdurchmesser der Vorrichtung. Der Ring 13 kann jedoch auch zum Außenrand verschoben sein, so daß er als Verlängerung der Seitenwand 4 ausgebildet ist.In Figure 6 the ring 13 is shown spaced from the side wall, i.e. its outer and inner diameters are less than the overall diameter of the device. However, the ring 13 can also be shifted to the outer edge, so that it is designed as an extension of the side wall 4.

Claims (9)

1. Vorrichtung zum Sichern des Deckels einer Dose, insbesondere Farbdose, vor unerwünschtem Öffnen, mit einer Fläche am Kopfende und einer umlaufenden, einen Hohlkörper bildenden aus zwei Abschnitten unterschiedlichen Durchmessers bestehenden Seitenwand, und mit einem im Abstand zum Kopfende der Vorrichtung und an der Innenseite des ersten Abschnittes der Seitenwand angeordneten Vorsprung, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Vorsprung (9) weitgehend umlaufend ausgestaltet ist, d.h., daß dessen Anfang in Umfangsrichtung in einem Abstand zu dessen Ende angeordnet ist.1. Device for securing the lid of a can, in particular a paint can, against undesired opening, with a surface at the head end and a circumferential side wall which forms a hollow body and consists of two sections of different diameters, and with a spacing from the head end of the device and on the inside of the first section of the side wall arranged projection, characterized in that the projection (9) is largely circumferential, ie that its beginning is arranged in the circumferential direction at a distance from the end. 2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Vorsprung (9) aus mehreren Abschnitten besteht.2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the projection (9) consists of several sections. 3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Vorsprung (9) aus zwei Abschnitten besteht, die jeweils in einem Abstand zur Mittelachse (12) der Vorrichtung beginnen und in einem Abstand zur Mittelachse (12) enden.3. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the projection (9) consists of two sections, each beginning at a distance from the central axis (12) of the device and ending at a distance from the central axis (12). 4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Vorsprung (9) aus vier Abschnitten besteht, die jeweils in einem Abstand zu einer der beiden Mittellinien beginnen und in einem Abstand zur senkrecht dazu angeordneten zweiten Mittellinie enden.4. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the projection (9) consists of four sections, each beginning at a distance from one of the two center lines and ending at a distance from the second center line arranged perpendicular thereto. 5. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bs 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die zum Kopfende hinweisende Seite des Vorsprunges (9) jeweils eben und parallel zur am Kopfende befindlichen Fläche (3) ausgestaltet ist.5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the side of the projection (9) pointing towards the head end is in each case flat and parallel to the surface (3) located at the head end. 6. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie an der Fläche am Kopfende mit mehreren nockenförmigen Erhebungen (18) ausgestattet ist, die in das Innere des Hohlkörpers gerichtet sind.6. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is equipped on the surface at the head end with a plurality of cam-shaped elevations (18) which are directed into the interior of the hollow body. 7. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich an der Fläche am Kopfende außerhalb des Hohlkörpers ein senkrecht angeordneter Ring (13) erstreckt.7. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a vertically arranged ring (13) extends on the surface at the head end outside the hollow body. 8. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Ring (13) an seiner Innenseite Einkerbungen aufweist, oder daß er Unterbrechungen aufweist.8. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that the ring (13) has notches on its inside, or that it has interruptions. 9. Verwendung der Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8 zur Sicherung des Deckels einer Dose.9. Use of the device according to one of claims 1 to 8 for securing the lid of a can.
EP90119643A 1989-10-18 1990-10-13 Device for securing a lid on a can, especially paint can Expired - Lifetime EP0423656B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE8912367U DE8912367U1 (en) 1989-10-18 1989-10-18
DE8912367U 1989-10-18

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EP0423656A3 EP0423656A3 (en) 1992-05-20
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EP (1) EP0423656B1 (en)
JP (1) JP3123022B2 (en)
KR (1) KR100187300B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1051539A (en)
AT (1) ATE120706T1 (en)
AU (1) AU651322B2 (en)
CA (1) CA2027737A1 (en)
DE (2) DE8912367U1 (en)
DK (1) DK0423656T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2073492T3 (en)
FI (1) FI91956C (en)
GR (1) GR3015760T3 (en)
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FR2700155A1 (en) * 1993-01-07 1994-07-08 Simon Jean Device for capping metallic package closed by cover
WO1999044902A1 (en) * 1998-03-06 1999-09-10 Crown Cork & Seal Canada Inc. Plastic ear collar
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0423656B1 (en) 1995-04-05
PT8331U (en) 1994-11-30
US5381918A (en) 1995-01-17
FI91956B (en) 1994-05-31
ES2073492T3 (en) 1995-08-16
KR100187300B1 (en) 1999-04-15
ATE120706T1 (en) 1995-04-15
TR26240A (en) 1995-02-15
AU6469690A (en) 1991-04-26
PT8331T (en) 1992-03-31
FI91956C (en) 1994-09-12
DK0423656T3 (en) 1995-06-19
CA2027737A1 (en) 1991-04-19
EP0423656A3 (en) 1992-05-20
FI905125A0 (en) 1990-10-17
NO179828B (en) 1996-09-16
KR910007769A (en) 1991-05-30
NO904473D0 (en) 1990-10-16
PT95616A (en) 1991-09-30
CN1051539A (en) 1991-05-22
JPH03133751A (en) 1991-06-06
NO179828C (en) 1997-01-02
JP3123022B2 (en) 2001-01-09
GR3015760T3 (en) 1995-07-31
DE59008841D1 (en) 1995-05-11
NO904473L (en) 1991-04-19
DE8912367U1 (en) 1989-12-14
AU651322B2 (en) 1994-07-21

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