EP0420750A1 - Composed insulating panel using mineral wool and method of obtaining the same - Google Patents

Composed insulating panel using mineral wool and method of obtaining the same Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0420750A1
EP0420750A1 EP90402655A EP90402655A EP0420750A1 EP 0420750 A1 EP0420750 A1 EP 0420750A1 EP 90402655 A EP90402655 A EP 90402655A EP 90402655 A EP90402655 A EP 90402655A EP 0420750 A1 EP0420750 A1 EP 0420750A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
panel according
composite
obtaining
flakes
honeycomb structure
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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EP90402655A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0420750B1 (en
Inventor
Roger Deblock
Yves Demars
Jan Goor
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Saint Gobain Isover SA France
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Saint Gobain Isover SA France
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Priority to AT90402655T priority Critical patent/ATE97975T1/en
Publication of EP0420750A1 publication Critical patent/EP0420750A1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/34—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts
    • E04C2/36—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts spaced apart by transversely-placed strip material, e.g. honeycomb panels
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
    • E04C2/284—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating

Definitions

  • the subject of the invention is a composite insulating panel based on mineral wool, in particular glass wool, intended more particularly for insulating the sub-roofs of buildings for residential use. It also relates to a process for obtaining such composite panels, from an insulating felt of mineral wool.
  • Insulating panels known as sub-roofs are known, constituted by rigid prefabricated elements whose length corresponds if possible to the height of roofs which supposes spans of for example more than 5 meters for inclined roofs. These panels are formed of one or two plates, for example of laminated wood or agglomerated particles, separated by a rigid panel of synthetic foam of the polyurethane or expanded polystyrene type.
  • These insulating panels however, only provide thermal insulation and little or no acoustic insulation and, above all, do not have the most satisfactory fire behavior, in particular with the risk of release of toxic gases during a fire.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a composite panel possibly insulating over long lengths, fire resistant and of relatively low production cost.
  • the composite panel according to the invention must be able to be used in particular as a sub-roofing panel for the insulation of inclined roofs of buildings for residential use.
  • a composite panel whose internal structure is a honeycomb type honeycomb structure filled with mineral wool flakes for example obtained by grinding a felt - or waste from the production of a felt - mineral wool.
  • the ratio between the size of the cells and the average diameter of the flakes is between 50/1 and 10/1 and preferably close to 10 to 1 and the depth of the cells greater than 100 mm, the density of insulation being under these conditions advantageously between 30 and 40 kg / m3.
  • the honeycomb structure is advantageously made from a material that is both economical and fire-resistant, such as kraft paper cardboard impregnated with a salt and / or a phenolic resin.
  • the filled honeycomb structure is sandwiched between two wooden plates, laminate or agglomerated wood particles, the agglomerated plates being preferred because of their lower cost.
  • These plates are preferably coated with a continuous layer of adhesive, for example polyurethane, which serves both as a bonding agent for the honeycomb structure and as a barrier layer impermeable to water vapor and liquid water, this in order to '' prevent the vapor which is present in the relatively warmer atmosphere of the attic from condensing at the rear of the composite panel, roof side and damaging it.
  • the invention also relates to a process for obtaining a composite panel according to the invention which essentially comprises a phase of grinding a mineral wool felt and a phase of filling the honeycomb structure during which the panel scrolls under the device for supplying the filling material, the grinding being continued according to the invention until the flakes thus formed fall through a grid.
  • the flakes are obtained by grinding a mineral wool felt. It can be a continuous felt produced for this purpose or possibly non-continuous production waste.
  • a mineral wool felt previously compressed between two rollers, become articulated flails carried by a rotating shaft, the flakes produced escaping from the threshing chamber through an opening closed by a grid, the passing stitches have a dimension between 0.05 and 1 times the size of the cells of the honeycomb structure and preferably of the order of 0.1.
  • the flakes are preferably used directly to fill the honeycomb structure which is preferably conveyed at a speed for example between 0.20 and 20 meters per minute. This first removal is completed by at least one of the following measures: suction, sweeping, vibration.
  • the honeycomb structure For suction, the honeycomb structure must be placed on a porous bottom, preferably consisting of a fiberglass veil left in place when gluing the surface plates.
  • the honeycomb structure is directly bonded to a surface plate conveyed by a vibrator and / or moving under one or more sets brushes rotating around one or more axes perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the panels and slightly inclined relative to the transverse axis of the panels so that the brushes "scan" the panels transversely and thus favor the filling of the cells by flakes.
  • the bristles of the downstream sets penetrate deeper into the cells than those of the first sets to come into contact with the flakes; the penetration height can advantageously be between 1 and 10 mm.
  • all the parts in contact with the flakes, in particular the walls of the threshing chamber, the grid and the bristles of the brush are preferably made of plastic material, for example Plexiglas R for rigid parts, this in order to '' prevent the glass wool crushed by the plagues from sticking to these elements by the effect of attracting electrostatic charges.
  • a composite panel according to the invention and such as that shown diagrammatically in FIG. 1 should preferably be able to have a length L corresponding to the dimensions of the inclined sections of a sloping roof, and not require too many fixing points during its implementation. Such qualities therefore assume a range of 5 to 6 meters or more which cannot be obtained with a simple panel of compressed mineral wool bound by a formo-phenolic resin for example. It is also not desirable to reinforce the panels with spacers of the chevron type because, in addition to the inherent cost thereof, their installation may require, for example, an economically impractical grooving operation.
  • the solution according to the invention consists in the use of a spacer structure of the honeycomb type which we know to be allows a particularly high mechanical resistance.
  • a relatively inexpensive prefabricated structure can be used, for example made of a cardboard having undergone chemical treatment to improve its fire resistance by impregnation with a phenolic resin and / or an appropriate saline solution.
  • This spacer structure 3 is glued between two wooden plates, plywood, chipboard, at least one of these two plates can be replaced possibly by a plasterboard, fiber cement or equivalent.
  • the height of this structure is preferably greater than 100 mm and more preferably 130 mm, this in order to provide a sufficient filling volume for quality insulation.
  • the size of the cells is preferably between 20 and 50 mm and is advantageously of the order of 40 mm.
  • the insulating material for filling the cells preferably consists of flakes whose average diameter is between 1/50 and 1 times the size of the cells.
  • a ratio of 1 to 10 is a good compromise which makes it possible to satisfy both the requirements in terms of insulation - which supposes "light” flakes trapping a good amount of air and the filling requirements so that the flakes penetrate well into the cells.
  • these flakes are obtained by grinding a glass wool felt possibly containing a resin. It is possible, for example, to use the production scrap from installations for producing insulation felts whose density is between 90 and 100 kg / m3 or even felts specially prepared for the invention.
  • the milling technique used is related to the technique more commonly used for the production of blown wool, but by interposing a grid between the milling chamber and the outlet so as to allow only flakes smaller than a given size to pass through. .
  • the grid meshes preferably have a length of between 1/20 and 1 times the size of the cells and advantageously the meshes of the grid have a length of between 1/10 to 1/3 of the size of the cells.
  • the installation shown here schematically comprises from the bottom up a loading assembly 4, a grinding assembly 5 and a filling assembly 6.
  • the loading assembly 4 is essentially constituted by a felt conveyor belt 7, a guide roller 8 and two compression rollers 9 and 10 which compress the felt and force it to penetrate into the grinding assembly 5, the walls of which for example made of glass or material plastic are not shown here.
  • the grinding means are constituted by articulated flails 11 rotatably mounted around a shaft 12. The flakes then formed must pass through a grid 13 whose mesh is 10 mm in the case of example then arrive at the lower level or level filling 6.
  • This filling level 6 comprises a conveyor 14 on which pass panels 15 constituted by a plate 16 for example made of chipboard and a honeycomb structure 17 whose cells are for example 130 mm high and 40 mm large.
  • the structure, made of fireproof cardboard, is glued to the plate 16 which is therefore made impermeable to water vapor.
  • each set here comprises brushes with axes perpendicular to the direction of advance of the conveyor 14, but whose plane is inclined so that their bristles sweep a certain width.
  • These bristles are preferably flexible bristles of plastic material of the nylon type.
  • the brushes of the set 19, positioned further downstream of the line, are such that their bristles penetrate the honeycomb structure a little deeper than those of the brushes of the set 18.
  • the respective penetration depths can be for example 1 and 10 mm.
  • one or two additional sets can be used. Under these conditions, the cells can be completely filled with a density of insulating material of, for example, between 30 and 40 kg / m3.
  • the fire resistance of composite panels according to the invention has been verified as follows: a model is made having the dimensions 4300 mm x 1600 mm by abutting two composite panels according to the invention of 4300 mm x 800 mm, the central joint being constituted by a flexible self-adhesive plastic material. The model is exposed to a fire and its fire resistance is measured using the loss of flame resistance and the loss of fire resistance as a criterion. We finally obtain a fire resistance of 45 minutes, a more than satisfactory duration. Furthermore, the composite panels according to the invention provide sound and sound insulation of quality.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
  • Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an insulating composite panel consisting of two sheets (1, 2) and an alveolate internal structure (3) of the honey-comb type. The alveoles are filled with mineral-wool flock particles, the ratio of the size of the alveoles to the average diameter of the flock particles lying between 50/1 and 1/1 (unity), and preferably being approximately 10/1. <IMAGE>

Description

L'invention a pour objet un panneau composite isolant à base de laine minérale, notamment de laine de verre, destiné plus particulièrement à l'isolation des sous-­toitures des bâtiments à usage d'habitation. Elle a égale­ment pour objet un procédé d'obtention de tels panneaux composites, à partir d'un feutre isolant en laine minérale. Il est connu des panneaux isolants dits de sous-toitures, constitués par des éléments préfabriqués rigides dont la longueur correspond si possible à la hauteur de toitures ce qui suppose des portées de par exemple plus de 5 mètres pour des toitures inclinées. Ces panneaux sont formés d'une ou deux plaques, par exemple en bois stratifié ou en par­ticules agglomérées, séparées par un panneau rigide en mousse synthétique du type polyuréthane ou polystyrène expansé. Ces panneaux isolants ne procurent toutefois qu'une isolation thermique et pas ou peu d'isolation acoustique et surtout n'ont pas un comportement au feu des plus satisfaisants avec notamment le risque d'un dégagement de gaz toxiques lors d'un incendie.The subject of the invention is a composite insulating panel based on mineral wool, in particular glass wool, intended more particularly for insulating the sub-roofs of buildings for residential use. It also relates to a process for obtaining such composite panels, from an insulating felt of mineral wool. Insulating panels known as sub-roofs are known, constituted by rigid prefabricated elements whose length corresponds if possible to the height of roofs which supposes spans of for example more than 5 meters for inclined roofs. These panels are formed of one or two plates, for example of laminated wood or agglomerated particles, separated by a rigid panel of synthetic foam of the polyurethane or expanded polystyrene type. These insulating panels, however, only provide thermal insulation and little or no acoustic insulation and, above all, do not have the most satisfactory fire behavior, in particular with the risk of release of toxic gases during a fire.

Il est aussi connu de FR.A.2608964 la réalisation de caissons en forme d'auge, constitués de panneaux en bois agglomérés par des chevrons servant également d'interca­laires définissant des compartiments dont l'intérieur est ultérieurement rempli de flocons de laine de verre produits par une opération de cardage à partir d'une nappe comprimée de laine de verre. La laine de verre permet d'assurer une isolation thermique et acoustique et est de plus incombus­tible. Toutefois de tels panneaux sont pénalisés par un coût de réalisation élevé dû à l'augmentation du nombre de chevrons intercalaires de renfort dès que leur longueur augmente.It is also known from FR.A.2608964 the production of trough-shaped boxes, consisting of wooden panels agglomerated by rafters also serving as dividers defining compartments whose interior is subsequently filled with glass wool flakes produced by a carding operation from a compressed sheet of glass wool. Glass wool provides thermal and acoustic insulation and is also non-combustible. However, such panels are penalized by a high production cost due to the increase in the number of reinforcing interlayer rafters as soon as their length increases.

Dans un autre domaine, celui de la réalisation de cloisons modulaires, il est connu de US.A.3998023 un pan­neau double-peau comportant une structure intérieure du type nid d'abeilles dont les alvéoles sont comblés par un matériau isolant du type perlite ou autre. Toutefois, la profondeur des alvéoles est très faible (inférieure à 3 pouces, 75 mm), de même que leur taille ; ceci implique un matériau de remplissage extrêmement fin. De plus de tels panneaux ont une structure complexe destinée à permettre un assemblage par tenons et mortaises eux-mêmes isolés pour éviter la constitution de ponts thermiques. Par ailleurs aucune indication n'est fournie quant au mode de remplis­sage or celui-ci pose de nombreux problèmes dès lors que le matériau utilisé n'a pas un coefficient de frottement fai­ble et que les alvéoles sont profonds.In another area, that of the realization of modular partitions, it is known from US.A.3998023 a double-skin panel comprising an internal structure of the honeycomb type, the cells of which are filled with an insulating material of the perlite or other type. However, the depth of the cells is very small (less than 3 inches, 75 mm), as is their size; this implies an extremely fine filling material. In addition, such panels have a complex structure intended to allow assembly by tenons and mortises themselves insulated to avoid the formation of thermal bridges. Furthermore, no indication is provided as to the filling method, but this poses numerous problems as soon as the material used does not have a low coefficient of friction and the cells are deep.

La présente invention a pour but un panneau composite isolant éventuellement de grandes longueurs, résistant au feu et d'un coût de réalisation relativement peu élevé. En outre le panneau composite selon l'invention doit pouvoir être utilisé notamment comme panneau de sous-toitures pour l'isolation des toitures inclinées de bâtiments à usage d'habitation.The object of the present invention is to provide a composite panel possibly insulating over long lengths, fire resistant and of relatively low production cost. In addition, the composite panel according to the invention must be able to be used in particular as a sub-roofing panel for the insulation of inclined roofs of buildings for residential use.

Ce but est atteint selon l'invention par un panneau composite dont la structure intérieure est une structure alvéolaire du type nid d'abeilles garnie de flocons de laine minérale par exemple obtenus par broyage d'un feutre - ou de déchets de production d'un feutre - en laine miné­rale. De préférence le rapport entre la taille des alvéoles et le diamètre moyen des flocons est compris entre 50/1 et 10/1 et de préférence voisin de 10 pour 1 et la profondeur des alvéoles supérieure à 100 mm, la masse volumique d'isolant étant dans ces conditions avantageusement com­prise entre 30 et 40 kg/m³. La structure nid d'abeilles est avantageusement réalisée dans un matériau à la fois écono­mique et résistant au feu tel qu'un carton en papier kraft imprégné d'un sel et/ou d'une résine phénolique.This object is achieved according to the invention by a composite panel whose internal structure is a honeycomb type honeycomb structure filled with mineral wool flakes for example obtained by grinding a felt - or waste from the production of a felt - mineral wool. Preferably the ratio between the size of the cells and the average diameter of the flakes is between 50/1 and 10/1 and preferably close to 10 to 1 and the depth of the cells greater than 100 mm, the density of insulation being under these conditions advantageously between 30 and 40 kg / m³. The honeycomb structure is advantageously made from a material that is both economical and fire-resistant, such as kraft paper cardboard impregnated with a salt and / or a phenolic resin.

La structure alvéolaire garnie est prise en sandwich entre deux plaques en bois, stratifié ou particules de bois agglomérées, les plaques en aggloméré étant préférées en raison de leur moindre coût. Ces plaques sont de préférence enduites d'une couche continue de colle, par exemple en polyuréthane, qui sert à la fois d'agent d'adhérence pour la structure alvéolaire et de couche barrière imperméable à la vapeur d'eau et à l'eau liquide, ceci afin d'éviter que la vapeur qui se trouve présente dans l'atmosphère rela­tivement plus chaude des combles ne vienne condenser à l'arrière du panneau composite, côté toiture et endommager celle-ci.The filled honeycomb structure is sandwiched between two wooden plates, laminate or agglomerated wood particles, the agglomerated plates being preferred because of their lower cost. These plates are preferably coated with a continuous layer of adhesive, for example polyurethane, which serves both as a bonding agent for the honeycomb structure and as a barrier layer impermeable to water vapor and liquid water, this in order to '' prevent the vapor which is present in the relatively warmer atmosphere of the attic from condensing at the rear of the composite panel, roof side and damaging it.

L'invention a également pour objet un procédé d'ob­tention d'un panneau composite selon l'invention qui com­porte essentiellement une phase de broyage d'un feutre en laine minérale et une phase de remplissage de la structure alvéolaire pendant laquelle le panneau défile sous le dis­positif d'amenée du matériau de remplissage, le broyage étant poursuivi selon l'invention jusqu'à ce que les flo­cons ainsi formés tombent au travers d'une grille.The invention also relates to a process for obtaining a composite panel according to the invention which essentially comprises a phase of grinding a mineral wool felt and a phase of filling the honeycomb structure during which the panel scrolls under the device for supplying the filling material, the grinding being continued according to the invention until the flakes thus formed fall through a grid.

Comme indiqué plus haut les flocons sont obtenus par broyage d'un feutre en laine minérale. Il peut s'agir d'un feutre continu produit à cet effet ou éventuellement de déchets de production, non continus. Pour celà on fait par exemple passer un feutre en laine minérale, préalablement comprimé entre deux rouleaux, devent des fléaux articulés portés par un arbre en rotation, les flocons produits s'échappant de la chambre de battage par une ouverture fermée par une grille dont les mailles de passage ont une dimension comprise entre 0,05 et 1 fois la taille des al­véoles de la structure nid d'abeilles et de préférence de l'order de 0,1. Après cette grille, les flocons sont de préférence utilisés directement pour garnir la structure nid d'abeilles qui est de préférence convoyée à une vitesse par exemple comprise entre 0,20 et 20 mètres par minute. Cette première dépose est complétée par au moins une des mesures suivantes : aspiration, balayage, vibration. Pour une aspiration, la structure alvéolaire doit être disposée sur un fond poreux de préférence constitué par une voile en fibre de verre laissé en place lors du collage des plaques de surface. De préférence toutefois, la structure alvéo­laire est directement collée sur une plaque de surface convoyée par un vibreur et/ou défilant sous un ou des jeux de brosses en rotation autour d'un ou plusieurs axes per­pendiculaires à l'axe longitudinal des panneaux et légère­ment inclinés par rapport à l'axe transversal des panneaux de sorte que les brosses "balayent" transversalement les panneaux et favorisent ainsi le remplissage des alvéoles par les flocons. Si plusieurs jeux de brosses sont uti­lisés, on fait de préférence en sorte que les poils des jeux en aval pénètrent plus profondément dans les alvéoles que ceux des premiers jeux à venir en contact avec les flocons ; la hauteur de pénétration peut avantageusement être comprise entre 1 et 10 mm. Par ailleurs toutes les pièces en contact avec les flocons, notamment les parois de la chambre de battage, la grille et les poils de la brosse, sont de préférence réalisés en matière plastique, par exemple en plexiglas R pour les pièces rigides, ceci afin d'éviter que la laine de verre broyée par les fléaux ne colle à ces éléments par effet d'attirance des charges électrostatiques.As indicated above, the flakes are obtained by grinding a mineral wool felt. It can be a continuous felt produced for this purpose or possibly non-continuous production waste. For this, we pass for example a mineral wool felt, previously compressed between two rollers, become articulated flails carried by a rotating shaft, the flakes produced escaping from the threshing chamber through an opening closed by a grid, the passing stitches have a dimension between 0.05 and 1 times the size of the cells of the honeycomb structure and preferably of the order of 0.1. After this grid, the flakes are preferably used directly to fill the honeycomb structure which is preferably conveyed at a speed for example between 0.20 and 20 meters per minute. This first removal is completed by at least one of the following measures: suction, sweeping, vibration. For suction, the honeycomb structure must be placed on a porous bottom, preferably consisting of a fiberglass veil left in place when gluing the surface plates. Preferably, however, the honeycomb structure is directly bonded to a surface plate conveyed by a vibrator and / or moving under one or more sets brushes rotating around one or more axes perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the panels and slightly inclined relative to the transverse axis of the panels so that the brushes "scan" the panels transversely and thus favor the filling of the cells by flakes. If several sets of brushes are used, it is preferably made so that the bristles of the downstream sets penetrate deeper into the cells than those of the first sets to come into contact with the flakes; the penetration height can advantageously be between 1 and 10 mm. Furthermore, all the parts in contact with the flakes, in particular the walls of the threshing chamber, the grid and the bristles of the brush, are preferably made of plastic material, for example Plexiglas R for rigid parts, this in order to '' prevent the glass wool crushed by the plagues from sticking to these elements by the effect of attracting electrostatic charges.

D'autres détails et caractéristiques avantageuses de l'invention sont décrits ci-après en référence aux dessins annexés qui représentent :

  • - figure 1 : un panneau composite selon l'invention
  • - figure 2 : une vue schématique d'une ligne de pro­duction d'un panneau composite selon la revendication 1.
Other details and advantageous characteristics of the invention are described below with reference to the appended drawings which represent:
  • - Figure 1 : a composite panel according to the invention
  • - Figure 2 : a schematic view of a production line of a composite panel according to claim 1.

Un panneau composite selon l'invention et tel que ce­lui schématisé à la figure 1 doit de préférence pouvoir présenter une longueur L correspondant aux dimensions des pans inclinés d'une toiture en pente, et ne pas nécessiter de trop nombreux points de fixation lors de sa mise en place. De telles qualités supposent donc une portée de 5 à 6 mètres ou plus qui ne peut être obtenue avec un simple panneau en laine minérale comprimée liée par une résine formo-phénolique par exemple. Il n'est pas non plus sou­haitable de renforcer les panneaux par des intercalaires du type chevron car outre le coût propre de ceux-ci, leur mise en place peut nécessiter par exemple une opération de rai­nurage économiquement peu réalisable. La solution selon l'invention consiste dans l'utilisation d'une structure entretoise du type nid d'abeilles dont on sait qu'elle permet une résistance mécanique particulièrement élevée. Avantageusement il peut être utilisé une structure préfa­briquée relativement bon marché par exemple réalisée dans un carton ayant subi un traitement chimique pour améliorer sa résistance au feu par une imprégnation par une résine phénolique et/ou une solution saline appropriée. Cette structure entretoise 3 est collée entre deux plaques de bois, contreplaqués, panneaux de particules agglomérés, l'une au moins de ces deux plaques pouvant être remplcée éventuellement par une plaque de plâtre, fibro-ciment ou équivalent. La hauteur de cette structure est de préférence supérieure à 100 mm et de préférence encore à 130 mm ceci afin d'offrir un volume de remplissage suffisant pour une isolation de qualité. La taille des alvéoles est de préfé­rence comprise entre 20 et 50 mm et est avantageusement de l'ordre de 40 mm.A composite panel according to the invention and such as that shown diagrammatically in FIG. 1 should preferably be able to have a length L corresponding to the dimensions of the inclined sections of a sloping roof, and not require too many fixing points during its implementation. Such qualities therefore assume a range of 5 to 6 meters or more which cannot be obtained with a simple panel of compressed mineral wool bound by a formo-phenolic resin for example. It is also not desirable to reinforce the panels with spacers of the chevron type because, in addition to the inherent cost thereof, their installation may require, for example, an economically impractical grooving operation. The solution according to the invention consists in the use of a spacer structure of the honeycomb type which we know to be allows a particularly high mechanical resistance. Advantageously, a relatively inexpensive prefabricated structure can be used, for example made of a cardboard having undergone chemical treatment to improve its fire resistance by impregnation with a phenolic resin and / or an appropriate saline solution. This spacer structure 3 is glued between two wooden plates, plywood, chipboard, at least one of these two plates can be replaced possibly by a plasterboard, fiber cement or equivalent. The height of this structure is preferably greater than 100 mm and more preferably 130 mm, this in order to provide a sufficient filling volume for quality insulation. The size of the cells is preferably between 20 and 50 mm and is advantageously of the order of 40 mm.

Le matériau isolant de remplissage des alvéoles est de préférence constitué par des flocons dont le diamètre moyen est compris entre 1/50 et 1 fois la taille des alvéoles. Pour des flocons entre laine de verre un rapport de 1 pour 10 est un bon compromis qui permet de satisfaire à la fois les exigences au niveau de l'isolation - ce qui suppose des flocons "légers" emprisonnant une bonne quantité d'air et les exigences relatives au remplissage de façon à bien faire pénétrer les flocons dans les alvéoles.The insulating material for filling the cells preferably consists of flakes whose average diameter is between 1/50 and 1 times the size of the cells. For flakes between glass wool a ratio of 1 to 10 is a good compromise which makes it possible to satisfy both the requirements in terms of insulation - which supposes "light" flakes trapping a good amount of air and the filling requirements so that the flakes penetrate well into the cells.

Avantageusement ces flocons sont obtenus par broyage d'un feutre en laine de verre contenant éventuellement une résine. On peut utiliser par exemple les rebuts de fabri­cation des installations de production de feutres d'isola­tion dont le densité est comprise entre 90 et 100 kg/m³ ou encore des feutres préparés spécialement en vue de l'in­vention. La technique de broyage utilisée est apparentée à la technique plus couramment exploitée pour la production de laine dite soufflée, mais en interposant une grille en­tre la chambre de broyage et la sortie de manière à ne laisser passer que des flocons plus petits qu'une taille donnée.Advantageously, these flakes are obtained by grinding a glass wool felt possibly containing a resin. It is possible, for example, to use the production scrap from installations for producing insulation felts whose density is between 90 and 100 kg / m³ or even felts specially prepared for the invention. The milling technique used is related to the technique more commonly used for the production of blown wool, but by interposing a grid between the milling chamber and the outlet so as to allow only flakes smaller than a given size to pass through. .

Les mailles de la grilles ont de préférence une lon­gueur comprise entre 1/20 et 1 fois la taille des alvéoles et avantageusement les mailles de la grille ont une lon­gueur comprise entre 1/10 à 1/3 de la taille des alvéoles.The grid meshes preferably have a length of between 1/20 and 1 times the size of the cells and advantageously the meshes of the grid have a length of between 1/10 to 1/3 of the size of the cells.

Un exemple de réalisation va être maintenant décrit en référence à la figure 2. L'installation ici schématisée comporte de bas en haut un ensemble de chargement 4, un ensemble de broyage 5 et un ensemble de remplissage 6. L'ensemble de chargement 4 est essentiellement constitué par un tapis d'amenée 7 de feutre, un rouleau de guidage 8 et deux rouleaux de compression 9 et 10 qui compriment le feutre et le forcent à pénétrer dans l'ensemble de broyage 5 dont les parois par exemple en verre ou matière plastique ne sont pas ici figurées. Les moyens de broyage sont cons­titués par des fléaux articulés 11 montés en rotation au­tour d'un arbre 12. Les flocons alors formés doivent tra­verser une grille 13 dont la maille est de 10 mm dans le cas d'exemple puis arrivent au niveau inférieur ou niveau de remplissage 6. Ce niveau de remplissage 6 comporte un convoyeur 14 sur lequel cheminent des panneaux 15 consti­tués par une plaque 16 par exemple en aggloméré et une structure nid d'abeilles 17 dont les alvéoles ont par exemple 130 mm de hauteur et 40 mm de large. La structure, en carton ignifugé, est collée sur la plaque 16 qui est de ce fait rendue imperméable à la vapeur d'eau.An exemplary embodiment will now be described with reference to FIG. 2. The installation shown here schematically comprises from the bottom up a loading assembly 4, a grinding assembly 5 and a filling assembly 6. The loading assembly 4 is essentially constituted by a felt conveyor belt 7, a guide roller 8 and two compression rollers 9 and 10 which compress the felt and force it to penetrate into the grinding assembly 5, the walls of which for example made of glass or material plastic are not shown here. The grinding means are constituted by articulated flails 11 rotatably mounted around a shaft 12. The flakes then formed must pass through a grid 13 whose mesh is 10 mm in the case of example then arrive at the lower level or level filling 6. This filling level 6 comprises a conveyor 14 on which pass panels 15 constituted by a plate 16 for example made of chipboard and a honeycomb structure 17 whose cells are for example 130 mm high and 40 mm large. The structure, made of fireproof cardboard, is glued to the plate 16 which is therefore made impermeable to water vapor.

En tombant, les flocons forment une couche plus ou moins régulière au-dessus de la structure nid d'abeilles mais seuls quelques uns tombent de suite au fond des al­véoles. Cette opération de remplissage proprement dite est réalisée au moyen de jeux de brosses 18, 19 en forme de disques. Chaque jeu comporte ici des brosses d'axes per­pendiculaires à la direction d'avancement du convoyeur 14, mais dont le plan est incliné de sorte que leurs poils ba­layent une certaine largeur. Ces poils sont de préférence des poils souples en matière plastique du type nylon.When falling, the flakes form a more or less regular layer above the honeycomb structure, but only a few fall immediately to the bottom of the cells. This actual filling operation is carried out by means of sets of brushes 18, 19 in the form of discs. Each set here comprises brushes with axes perpendicular to the direction of advance of the conveyor 14, but whose plane is inclined so that their bristles sweep a certain width. These bristles are preferably flexible bristles of plastic material of the nylon type.

De préférence les brosses du jeu 19, positionné plus en aval de la ligne, sont telles que leurs poils pénètrent dans la structure alvéolaire un peu plus profondément que ceux des brosses du jeu 18. Les profondeurs respectives de pénétration peuvent être par exemple de 1 et 10 mm. Even­tuellement un ou deux jeux supplémentaires peuvent être utilisés. Dans ces conditions, les alvéoles peuvent être entièrement remplis avec une densité de matériau isolant comprise par exemple entre 30 et 40 kg/m³.Preferably the brushes of the set 19, positioned further downstream of the line, are such that their bristles penetrate the honeycomb structure a little deeper than those of the brushes of the set 18. The respective penetration depths can be for example 1 and 10 mm. Optionally one or two additional sets can be used. Under these conditions, the cells can be completely filled with a density of insulating material of, for example, between 30 and 40 kg / m³.

Après cette opération remplissage, une autre plaque est collée au dessus de la structure nid d'abeilles pour emprisonner définitivement les flocons en laine minérale.After this filling operation, another plate is glued to the top of the honeycomb structure to permanently trap the mineral wool flakes.

La résistance au feu de panneaux composite selon l'invention a été vérifiée de la manière suivante : on réalise une maquette ayant pour dimensions 4300 mm x 1600 mm en aboutant deux panneaux composites selon l'in­vention de 4300 mm x 800 mm, le joint central étant cons­titué par une matière plastique souple auto adhésive. La maquette est exposée à un feu et l'on mesure sa résistance au feu en utilisant comme critère la perte de l'étanchéité aux flammes et la perte du degré coupe feu. On obtient fi­nalement une résistance au feu de 45 minutes, soit une du­rée plus que satisfaisante. Par ailleurs les panneaux com­posites selon l'invention assurent une isolation phonique et acoustique de qualité.The fire resistance of composite panels according to the invention has been verified as follows: a model is made having the dimensions 4300 mm x 1600 mm by abutting two composite panels according to the invention of 4300 mm x 800 mm, the central joint being constituted by a flexible self-adhesive plastic material. The model is exposed to a fire and its fire resistance is measured using the loss of flame resistance and the loss of fire resistance as a criterion. We finally obtain a fire resistance of 45 minutes, a more than satisfactory duration. Furthermore, the composite panels according to the invention provide sound and sound insulation of quality.

Claims (11)

1. Panneau composite isolant constitué par deux pla­ques (1,3) et une structure intérieure alvéolaire du type nid d'abeilles caractérisé en ce que les alvéoles sont garnis de flocons en laine minérale, le rapport entre la taille des alvéoles et le diamètre moyen des flocons étant compris entre 50/1 à 1 fois et de préférence étant voisin de 10/1.1. Insulating composite panel consisting of two plates (1,3) and an inner honeycomb structure of the honeycomb type, characterized in that the honeycombs are filled with mineral wool flakes, the ratio between the size of the honeycombs and the average diameter flakes being between 50/1 to 1 time and preferably being close to 10/1. 2. Panneau isolant composite selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que la profondeur des alvéoles est supé­rieure à 100 mm.2. Composite insulating panel according to claim 1 characterized in that the depth of the cells is greater than 100 mm. 3. Panneau composite isolant selon l'une des revendi­cations précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la taille des alvéoles est comprise entre 20 et 50 mm et de préférence de l'ordre de 40 mm.3. Composite insulating panel according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the size of the cells is between 20 and 50 mm and preferably of the order of 40 mm. 4. Panneau composite isolant selon l'une des revendi­cations précédentes caractérisé en ce que la masse volumi­que du matériau isolant de remplissage est inférieure à 40 kg/m³ et de préférence à 30 kg/m³.4. Composite insulating panel according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the density of the filling insulating material is less than 40 kg / m³ and preferably 30 kg / m³. 5. Panneau composite isolant selon l'une des revendi­cations précédentes caractérisé en ce que la structure nid d'abeilles est réalisée dans un carton résistant au feu.5. Composite insulating panel according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the honeycomb structure is produced in a fire-resistant cardboard. 6. Panneau composite isolant selon l'une des revendi­cations précédentes caractérisé en ce que les plaques (1,3) sont munies d'une couche continue de colle formant après polymérisation une couche imperméable à la vapeur d'eau et à l'eau liquide.6. composite insulating panel according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that the plates (1,3) are provided with a continuous layer of adhesive forming after polymerization a layer impermeable to water vapor and liquid water . 7. Procédé d'obtention d'un panneau composite selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6 comportant une phase de broyage d'un feutre en laine minérale et une phase de rem­plissage de la structure alvéolaire pendant laquelle le panneau défile sous le dispositif d'amenée du matériau de remplissage caractérisé en ce que le broyage est obtenu au moyen de fléaux rotatifs articulés et est poursuivi jusqu'à ce que les flocons ainsi formés tombent au travers d'une grille dont les mailles de passage ont une dimension com­prise entre 1/20 et 1 fois la taille des alvéoles de la structure nid d'abeilles et de préférence de l'ordre de 1/10.7. A method of obtaining a composite panel according to one of claims 1 to 6 comprising a grinding phase of a mineral wool felt and a filling phase of the honeycomb structure during which the panel scrolls under the device d supply of filling material, characterized in that the grinding is obtained by means of articulated rotary flails and is continued until the flakes thus formed fall through a grid whose passage meshes have a dimension between 1 / 20 and 1 times the size of the cells of the honeycomb structure and preferably of the order of 1/10. 8. Procédé d'obtention d'un panneau composite selon la revendication 7 caractérisé en ce que la phase de remplis­sage comporte un balayage au moyen de jeux de brosses montées autour d'un axe perpendiculaire à la direction de défilement du panneau.8. A method of obtaining a composite panel according to claim 7 characterized in that the filling phase comprises a sweep by means of sets of brushes mounted around an axis perpendicular to the direction of travel of the panel. 9. Procédé d'obtention d'un panneau composite selon la revendication 8 caractérisé en ce que les brosses sont montées légèrement inclinées.9. A method of obtaining a composite panel according to claim 8 characterized in that the brushes are mounted slightly inclined. 10. Procédé d'obtention d'un panneau composite selon la revendication 7 caractérisé en ce que la phase de rem­plissage comporte une aspiration des flocons.10. A method of obtaining a composite panel according to claim 7 characterized in that the filling phase comprises a suction of the flakes. 11. Procédé d'obtention d'un panneau composite selon la revendication 7 ou la revendication 10 caractérisé en ce que la phase de remplissage comporte un passage sur un ta­pis vibreur.11. A method of obtaining a composite panel according to claim 7 or claim 10 characterized in that the filling phase comprises a passage on a vibrating belt.
EP90402655A 1989-09-27 1990-09-27 Composed insulating panel using mineral wool and method of obtaining the same Expired - Lifetime EP0420750B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT90402655T ATE97975T1 (en) 1989-09-27 1990-09-27 COMPOSITE INSULATION PANEL BASED ON MINERAL WOOL AND PROCESS OF PRODUCTION.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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FR8912631A FR2652369B1 (en) 1989-09-27 1989-09-27 COMPOSITE INSULATION PANEL BASED ON MINERAL WOOL AND PROCESS FOR OBTAINING THE SAME.
FR8912631 1989-09-27

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EP0420750A1 true EP0420750A1 (en) 1991-04-03
EP0420750B1 EP0420750B1 (en) 1993-12-01

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AT (1) ATE97975T1 (en)
DE (1) DE69004916T2 (en)
DK (1) DK0420750T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2652369B1 (en)

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CN105015047A (en) * 2014-04-24 2015-11-04 沈阳航空航天大学 Preparation method for resin honeycomb sandwich structure and composite material structure thereof
US20160176178A1 (en) * 2014-12-22 2016-06-23 Magna Steyr Fahrzeugtechnik Ag & Co Kg Method and apparatus for manufactoring a sandwich part
CN110005121A (en) * 2019-05-14 2019-07-12 嘉兴市三一阳光家居科技有限公司 A kind of innovative panellised wall with fireproof alarming function

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DE10206899A1 (en) 2002-02-19 2003-09-04 Saint Gobain Isover G & H Ag Fire protection system
CN107825788A (en) * 2017-11-30 2018-03-23 江苏标榜装饰新材料股份有限公司 A kind of sound-absorbing honeycomb plate

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US4153084A (en) * 1977-07-21 1979-05-08 Payne Joe J Machine for use in fabricating panels filled with pulverized insulation material
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CN105015047A (en) * 2014-04-24 2015-11-04 沈阳航空航天大学 Preparation method for resin honeycomb sandwich structure and composite material structure thereof
CN105015047B (en) * 2014-04-24 2017-01-25 沈阳航空航天大学 Preparation method for resin honeycomb sandwich structure and composite material structure thereof
US20160176178A1 (en) * 2014-12-22 2016-06-23 Magna Steyr Fahrzeugtechnik Ag & Co Kg Method and apparatus for manufactoring a sandwich part
US10265937B2 (en) * 2014-12-22 2019-04-23 Magna Steyr Fahrzeugtechnik Ag & Co Kg Method and apparatus for manufacturing a sandwich component
US10308003B2 (en) * 2014-12-22 2019-06-04 Magna Steyr Fahrzeugtechnik Ag & Co Kg Method and apparatus for manufacturing a sandwich part
US20190232633A1 (en) * 2014-12-22 2019-08-01 Magna Steyr Fahrzeugtechnik Ag & Co Kg Method and Apparatus for Manufacturing a Sandwich Part
US10807350B2 (en) 2014-12-22 2020-10-20 Magna Steyr Fahrzeugtechnik Ag & Co Kg Method and apparatus for manufacturing a sandwich part
CN110005121A (en) * 2019-05-14 2019-07-12 嘉兴市三一阳光家居科技有限公司 A kind of innovative panellised wall with fireproof alarming function

Also Published As

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FR2652369A1 (en) 1991-03-29
DK0420750T3 (en) 1994-03-28
FR2652369B1 (en) 1995-04-14
DE69004916T2 (en) 1994-06-09
ATE97975T1 (en) 1993-12-15
DE69004916D1 (en) 1994-01-13
EP0420750B1 (en) 1993-12-01

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