EP0414034A1 - Trolley for stretcher - Google Patents

Trolley for stretcher Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0414034A1
EP0414034A1 EP90115132A EP90115132A EP0414034A1 EP 0414034 A1 EP0414034 A1 EP 0414034A1 EP 90115132 A EP90115132 A EP 90115132A EP 90115132 A EP90115132 A EP 90115132A EP 0414034 A1 EP0414034 A1 EP 0414034A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
castors
driving device
legs
frame
front legs
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP90115132A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0414034B1 (en
Inventor
Günter Blömer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Stollenwerk Fabrik fuer Sanitaetsausruestungen Hans Stollenwerk and Cie GmbH and Co.
Original Assignee
Stollenwerk Fabrik fuer Sanitaetsausruestungen Hans Stollenwerk and Cie GmbH and Co.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Stollenwerk Fabrik fuer Sanitaetsausruestungen Hans Stollenwerk and Cie GmbH and Co. filed Critical Stollenwerk Fabrik fuer Sanitaetsausruestungen Hans Stollenwerk and Cie GmbH and Co.
Priority to AT90115132T priority Critical patent/ATE97566T1/en
Publication of EP0414034A1 publication Critical patent/EP0414034A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0414034B1 publication Critical patent/EP0414034B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G1/00—Stretchers
    • A61G1/04—Parts, details or accessories, e.g. head-, foot-, or like rests specially adapted for stretchers
    • A61G1/052—Struts, spars or legs
    • A61G1/056—Swivelling legs
    • A61G1/0562—Swivelling legs independently foldable, i.e. at least part of the leg folding movement is not simultaneous
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G1/00—Stretchers
    • A61G1/02—Stretchers with wheels
    • A61G1/0206—Stretchers with wheels characterised by the number of supporting wheels if stretcher is extended
    • A61G1/0212—2 pairs having wheels within a pair on the same position in longitudinal direction, e.g. on the same axis
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G1/00—Stretchers
    • A61G1/02—Stretchers with wheels
    • A61G1/0237—Stretchers with wheels having at least one swivelling wheel, e.g. castors
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G1/00—Stretchers
    • A61G1/02—Stretchers with wheels
    • A61G1/0237—Stretchers with wheels having at least one swivelling wheel, e.g. castors
    • A61G1/0243—Stretchers with wheels having at least one swivelling wheel, e.g. castors with lockable swivel action, e.g. fixing castor in certain direction
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G1/00—Stretchers
    • A61G1/02—Stretchers with wheels
    • A61G1/025—Stretchers with wheels having auxiliary wheels, e.g. wheels not touching the ground in extended position
    • A61G1/0256—Stretchers with wheels having auxiliary wheels, e.g. wheels not touching the ground in extended position having wheels which support exclusively if stretcher is in low position, e.g. on the folded legs
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G1/00—Stretchers
    • A61G1/02—Stretchers with wheels
    • A61G1/025—Stretchers with wheels having auxiliary wheels, e.g. wheels not touching the ground in extended position
    • A61G1/0262—Stretchers with wheels having auxiliary wheels, e.g. wheels not touching the ground in extended position having loading wheels situated in the front during loading
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G1/00—Stretchers
    • A61G1/02—Stretchers with wheels
    • A61G1/0287—Stretchers with wheels having brakes, e.g. slowing down and/or holding
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G1/00—Stretchers
    • A61G1/02—Stretchers with wheels
    • A61G1/0293—Stretchers with wheels stretcher supports with wheels, e.g. used for stretchers without wheels

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a driving device for a stretcher with a frame, pivotally attached to the frame front legs, which are provided with rollers, and a releasable locking device for locking the front legs on the frame in at least two pivot positions.
  • Such a driving device for a stretcher is known from DE 37 34 902 C1. While the front legs located at the front end of the frame have fixed, i.e. swivel castors are provided on the rear legs, so that the driving device can be steered when moving. In order to be able to bring a patient on the stretcher into shock low position when the latter is moved by means of the driving device, the front legs can be locked in at least two swivel positions by a releasable locking device on the frame. In one swivel position, the front legs are swung down completely; this swivel position is normally taken up by the front legs when moving the driving device.
  • the front legs can be locked in a second swivel position, in which they run at an acute angle to the frame than in the first swivel position, so that the front end of the driving device is lowered, as is required for the low shock position.
  • the known driving device has castors, its maneuverability is limited. In narrow, angled aisles, moving the driving device is difficult because the steering via the rear castors around tight corners is not sufficient. Furthermore, lateral movement of the driving device is not possible without complex forward and backward movement and maneuvering or lifting of the driving device. When lifting, there is a risk that the patient will experience pain-causing vibrations. If the front casters were replaced by swivel castors, the driving device would be difficult or impossible to control when moving on inclined planes.
  • the caster required for swivel castors would have a disadvantageous effect when lowering the front end, since in the case of inclined front legs, the self-weight of the driving device causes torque on the swivel castors is exercised, which leads to an undesired rotation of the steering roller about its pivot axis and keep the steering rollers in the straight-ahead position.
  • the rollers on the front legs have to be designed as non-swiveling rollers because of the requirement that the loading platform of the patient transport vehicle can be approached exactly.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a driving device of the type mentioned, which is easy to steer and yet has the advantages of a driving device provided with non-swiveling castors on the front legs.
  • a non-swivel castor and a swivel castor are attached to each front leg.
  • the frame in addition to the swivel castors of the rear legs, can be moved either via the castors or via the front swivel castors.
  • the front legs In the swivel position in which the driving device rests on the rollers at its front end, the front legs are advantageously swiveled completely down, that is to say they are in the swivel position in which the platform of the patient transport vehicle is approached.
  • the front legs are brought into the second lockable swivel position.
  • the second lockable swivel position of the front legs is advantageously selected such that the lowering of the driving device at the front end thereof is only slight, so that the patient is transported lying essentially horizontally.
  • the driving device according to the invention represents a structurally quite simple solution to the problem, if necessary an increased maneuverability of the driving device by means of castors on the front To achieve legs without having to forego front castors and their advantages.
  • the changeover of the driving device according to the invention from the non-swiveling castors to the front swiveling swivel castors by simply swiveling the front legs is user-friendly and more convenient to accomplish than the fixing and releasing of front swivel castors which can be locked in the rotational position for straight running.
  • the swivel castor of a front leg can be replaced in the context of this invention by a rotatably mounted ball which can be rotated about three axes of rotation which run perpendicular to one another.
  • the ball is embedded in a ball bearing, the surface of the ball being partially exposed.
  • a front swivel castor is also to be understood as a running ball as described above.
  • the castors have the same track width as the castors, being arranged on the front legs in such a way that, when the front and rear legs are pivoted down, they are located between the (front) castors and the rear castors.
  • the castors do not protrude inward or outward beyond the castors.
  • this has the advantage that the area between the rollers remains free, which is a prerequisite for a low overall height of the driving device in the folded state.
  • the fact that the front swivel castor is in alignment with the front castor has the advantage that the driving device has no parts protruding from the castors, that is to say it has the smallest possible width.
  • a structurally simple solution for the mounting of the castors and castors on the front legs is achieved in that the castors are mounted on the brackets for the castors.
  • the turntable of a swivel castor is attached to the bracket for the associated castor.
  • the construction of the driving device according to this development is therefore characterized by increased stability.
  • the brackets for the front castors are adjustably attached to the front legs or to the brackets for the front castors.
  • the relative position between the brackets for the steering and castors on the front legs can be changed.
  • the length of the front legs can be changed so that the driving device can be adapted to the different heights of different patient transport vehicles. If the length of the front legs changes (lengthened and shortened), the frame for moving the driving device is brought into a horizontal position by locking the rear legs in a different swivel position (more perpendicular or more acute to the frame). Due to the different inclined positions of the rear legs, the lowering of the frame is different in the case of the front legs in the second pivot position.
  • the swivel axis of the castors, on which the frame rests at the front end in the second swivel position of the front legs, does not run at right angles to the floor when the length of the front legs changes.
  • This circumstance is disadvantageous because of the caster property required for castors, since a torque is now exerted on the castor, which leads to the castor being rotated by approximately 180 °.
  • the swivel castors Due to the adjustability of the position of the brackets for the front swivel castors relative to the front legs, the swivel castors can be adjusted in such a way that their swivel axes are always perpendicular to the ground, even when the length of the front legs changes, which is necessary to adapt the driving device to loading platforms of different heights run.
  • the vertical course of the pivot axis of the front swivel castors with variable-length front legs can also be realized according to an advantageous development of the invention in that the front legs can be locked in several swivel positions in which the frame (in addition to the swivel castors on the rear legs) only on the front castors resting.
  • the adjustable mounting of the brackets for the front castors can be dispensed with.
  • the figures 1 and 2 show the driving device in side view and top view.
  • the driving device has a frame 10 which consists of two longitudinal bars 12, 14 and two transverse bars 16, 18.
  • There is a stretcher on the frame 10 20 (only shown in Fig. 1), which is releasably locked to the frame 10, which is not described and shown in detail.
  • a hollow profile strip 22 In the middle between the two longitudinal spars 12, 14 and parallel to them runs a hollow profile strip 22, which is connected at its ends to the transverse spars 16, 18 and has two adjacent, downwardly open (first and second) channels, in each of which two Sliders are arranged.
  • the driving device also has two rear legs 24 and two front legs 26 which are articulated to the frame 10.
  • swivel castors 28 are attached at the free end of the rear legs 24 .
  • Each swivel castor 28 is fastened rotatably about a horizontal axis 30 to a fork-shaped holder 32, which in turn is rotatably mounted on a rear leg 24 about a vertical pivot axis 34.
  • a parking brake is integrated into each of the fork-shaped brackets 32, of which only the actuating member 36 to be actuated with the foot for locking or braking the steering roller 28 is shown in FIG. 1.
  • the two rear legs 24 are pivotally mounted via fixed bearings 38 on a cross strut 39 connecting the longitudinal bars 12, 14 and are connected to one another in the central region by a cross strut 40.
  • Two rear support struts 42 are connected in an articulated manner to this cross strut 40, the free ends of which are connected by means of a cross strut 44 arranged directly below the frame 10.
  • This cross strut 44 is rotatably connected to a sliding body 46 which is arranged displaceably in the first channel of the hollow profile strip 22 and can be locked in this in several positions.
  • the locking of the first sliding body 46 can be released so that the rear legs 24 can be pivoted about the joints 48 when the cross strut 44 is displaced longitudinally below the frame 10.
  • the cross strut 44 each has a roller 50 at its two ends, which roll on the undersides of the longitudinal spars 12, 14 and thus provide support for the rear legs 24 on the longitudinal spars 12, 14.
  • the front legs 26 are connected in the middle via a cross strut 52 (indicated in FIG. 1). At the upper end, the front legs 26 are connected to one another via a further cross strut 54, which has a roller 56 at each end, which rolls from below on the longitudinal bars 12, 14.
  • the cross strut 54 is connected in an articulated manner to a sliding body 57, which is also longitudinally displaceable in the first channel of the hollow profile strip 22. This sliding body 57 is releasably lockable on the hollow profile strip 22, which is done by actuating an actuating lever 58 located in the region of the cross member 18.
  • two front support struts 60 are rotatably fastened, the free ends of which are connected by means of a further cross strut 62 which is arranged directly below the frame 10 and has rollers 64 at both ends, which from below on the longitudinal bars 12,14.
  • the cross strut 62 is rotatably mounted on a sliding body 66 which is guided in the second channel of the hollow profile strip 22 so as to be longitudinally displaceable and releasably lockable.
  • the sliding body 66 is locked and released by actuating a lever 68 arranged on the rear crossbars 16.
  • the front legs 26 By releasing the locking device for the sliding body 66, the front legs 26 can be pivoted upwards to fold the driving device, the front legs 26 rotating about the rollers 56 on the upper cross strut 54 of the front legs 26.
  • 18 setting rollers 70 are provided in the area of the front cross member. These placement rollers 70 are rotatably mounted on both ends of a cross strut 72 which is connected to a sliding body 74 which is guided in the second Ka channel of the hollow profile bar 22 slidably.
  • the cross strut 72 has further rollers 76 which rest against the longitudinal spars 12, 14 from below.
  • the cross strut 72 is resiliently biased in the direction of the front cross member 18, so it is guided on the frame 10 so as to be longitudinally displaceable.
  • the frame 10 with the placement rollers 70 is placed on the stage 78.
  • the front support struts 60 are released, the front legs 26 are pivoted upwards about the rollers 56 backwards under the frame 10 as soon as the front support struts 60 and legs 26 abut the rear end of the stage 78.
  • the rear support struts 42 are unlocked, the rear legs 24 pivot upwards under the frame 10 as soon as they hit the rear end of the stage 78.
  • the placement rollers 70 are located at the rear end of their displacement path which they passed through when the driving device was pushed onto the stage 78 against the force of the resilient bias.
  • FIG. 6 shows the state of the driving device in the front area with the front legs 26 folded up.
  • the driving device When the driving device is folded up, the rear legs 24 rest on the loading platform 78 on rollers 80 which are rotatably mounted on the rear legs 24 in the area of the steering rollers 28.
  • casters 82 are arranged, which are connected to brackets 84 connected to the front legs 26 by one horizontal axis 86 are rotatably mounted.
  • the turntable 88 of a swivel castor holder 90 is fastened to the holder 84 and is fork-shaped and rotatably holds a swivel castor 92.
  • the brackets 84 are designed as plates which extend backwards over the rollers. At the rear ends of these plates, the slewing rings 88 are fastened at right angles to the plates.
  • the front swivel castors 92 are thus - when the legs are swiveled down - between the casters 82 and the rear swivel castors.
  • the driving device rests next to the rear steering rollers 28 either only on the front rollers 82 or the front steering rollers 92.
  • the pivoting of the front legs 26 for moving the driving device takes place either via the rollers 82 or the front steering rollers 92 by loosening the sliding body 56, which in the locked state secures the front legs 26 against longitudinal displacement relative to the frame 10.
  • the front legs 26 can be rotated about their cross strut 52, the upper ends of the front legs 26 being guided via the rollers 56 immediately below the frame 10. Swiveling the front legs 26 leads to a lowering of the front end of the driving device, as a comparison of the figures. 1 and 3 shows.
  • the front legs 26 can be locked in a plurality of pivot positions, in which only the front steering rollers 92 touch the floor 93.
  • the driving device With the frame resting on all four legs on the castors 28 and 92, the driving device can be conveniently steered around tight curves or moved in the transverse direction of the frame 10 (laterally).
  • only the frame 10 needs to be lowered at the front end, which is done by actuating the release lever 58 for locking the front legs 26.
  • This lowering is very easy to accomplish and is known in the conventional driving devices because of the possibility given there to transport a patient even in shock with the driving device. In this respect, no design changes need to be made in order to be able to steer the driving device on the front legs 26 as well.
  • each front leg 26 can be changed in order to adapt the driving device to platforms 78 of different heights in the various patient transport vehicles.
  • each front leg 26 consists of an upper part 26a and a lower part 26b which is guided in a longitudinally displaceable manner and at the end of which the holder 84 is attached.
  • the two upper parts 26a are connected to one another via the cross struts 52 and 54.
  • Via a Ge in the upper part 26a threaded bolt with handwheel 94 the lower part 26b can be secured against longitudinal displacement in the upper part 26a.
  • the vertical alignment of the pivot axis 96 to the ground by pivoting the length-adjustable front legs 26 can be achieved in the driving device in that the front legs 26 can be locked in several pivot positions on the frame 10, in which only the front castors touch the floor 93.
  • the relative position of the fork-shaped holder 90 for a steering roller 92 and the holder 84 is adjustable.
  • the holder 84 has a pivotable plate 100 which is held on the holder 84 so as to be rotatable about an axis 102.
  • the turntable 88 for the steering roller 92 is fastened to the plate 100.
  • the holder 84 and the plate 100 each have a plurality of holes 104 which are arranged at the same distance from one another and are each arranged on a circular arc with the same radius and the axis 102 as the center.
  • the plate 100 is on the holder 84 by means of a bolt 106 which extends through two bores lying one above the other in the plate 100 and the holder 84 fixable.
  • the pivot axes 96 Due to this adjustability of the front swivel castors 92, it is possible, for example, that the pivot axes 96 always change in the first swivel position in the first swivel position, in which the front swivel castors 92 touch the floor 93 when the frame 10 is lowered at the front end, and also perpendicular to it this get lost. Regardless of the length of the front legs, this ensures that the pivot axes 96 run in one and the same pivot position of the front legs 26 perpendicular to the floor. The adjustment of the driving device to steer it both at the front and at the rear is therefore very easy to accomplish.
  • the rollers 82 and the front steering rollers 92 have the same track width.
  • the front casters 92 are also on both (outer) sides of the frame 10 when the front and rear legs 26, 24 are pivoted up.
  • the front casters 92 are at such a distance from the casters 82 arranged that the castors are immediately below the stretcher when the driving device is folded, which is shown in Fig. 6.
  • the invention has been described above with reference to a special embodiment of a driving device in which the legs automatically swing up in the patient transport vehicle when the driving device is pushed onto the stage.
  • the arrangement of additional castors on the front legs can in principle be done with any other type of driving device.
  • castor wheels can also be provided on one of the pairs of legs (front or rear legs) in addition to the castors.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Invalid Beds And Related Equipment (AREA)
  • Accommodation For Nursing Or Treatment Tables (AREA)

Abstract

The stretcher trolley frame has swivel legs with castors. It also has an arrester to fix the front legs to the frame in two swivel positions. In addition to the castors (82), the front legs (26) should have swivel rollers (92) arranged so that in one setting the legs rest only on the castors and in the other only on the rollers.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Fahrgerät für eine Krankentrage mit einem Rahmen, schwenkbar am Rahmen angebrachten vorderen Beinen, die mit Laufrollen versehen sind, und einer lösbaren Arretiervorrichtung zum Arretieren der vorderen Beine am Rahmen in mindestens zwei Schwenkstellungen.The invention relates to a driving device for a stretcher with a frame, pivotally attached to the frame front legs, which are provided with rollers, and a releasable locking device for locking the front legs on the frame in at least two pivot positions.

Ein solches Fahrgerät für eine Krankentrage ist aus DE 37 34 902 C1 bekannt. Während die vorderen am vorderen Ende des Rahmens angeordneten Beine mit festen, d.h. nicht schwenkbaren Laufrollen versehen sind, befinden sich an den hinteren Beinen schwenkbare Lenkrollen, so daß das Fahrgerät beim Verfahren lenkbar ist. Um einen Patienten auf der Krankentrage beim Verfahren derselben mittels des Fahrgerätes in die Schocktieflage bringen zu können, sind die vorderen Beine in mindestens zwei Schwenkstellungen durch eine lösbare Arretiervorrichtung am Rahmen arretierbar. In der einen Schwenkstellung sind die vorderen Beine vollständig heruntergeschwenkt; diese Schwenkstellung nehmen die vorderen Beine normalerweise zum Verfahren des Fahrgerätes ein. Daneben sind die vorderen Beine in einer zweiten Schwenkstellung arretierbar, in der sie spitzwinkliger als in der ersten Schwenkstellung zum Rahmen verlaufen, so daß das vordere Ende des Fahrgerätes, wie für die Schocktieflage erforderlich, abgesenkt ist.Such a driving device for a stretcher is known from DE 37 34 902 C1. While the front legs located at the front end of the frame have fixed, i.e. swivel castors are provided on the rear legs, so that the driving device can be steered when moving. In order to be able to bring a patient on the stretcher into shock low position when the latter is moved by means of the driving device, the front legs can be locked in at least two swivel positions by a releasable locking device on the frame. In one swivel position, the front legs are swung down completely; this swivel position is normally taken up by the front legs when moving the driving device. In addition, the front legs can be locked in a second swivel position, in which they run at an acute angle to the frame than in the first swivel position, so that the front end of the driving device is lowered, as is required for the low shock position.

Obwohl das bekannte Fahrgerät Lenkrollen aufweist, ist seine Manövrierfähigkeit beschränkt. In engen winkligen Gängen bereitet das Verschieben des Fahrgerätes Schwierigkeiten, da die Lenkung nur über die hinteren Lenkrollen um enge Ecken nicht ausreichend ist. Ferner ist ein seitliches Verschieben des Fahrgerätes ohne aufwendiges Vor-und Zurückbewegen und Manövrieren oder Anheben des Fahrgerätes nicht möglich. Beim Anheben besteht die Gefahr, daß der Patient Schmerzen verursachende Erschütterungen erfährt. Würden die vorderen Laufrollen durch schwenkbare Lenkrollen ersetzt, ist das Fahrgerät beim Verschieben auf schrägen Ebenen nicht oder nur äußerst schwierig zu beherrschen. Ferner würde sich der bei Lenkrollen erforderliche Nachlauf (die vertikale Schwenkachse der Lenkrollen liegt - in Fahrtrichtung betrachtet - vor der horizontalen Drehachse der Lenkrollen) nachteilig beim Absenken des vorderen Endes auswirken, da bei schrägstehenden vorderen Beinen durch das Eigengewicht des Fahrgerätes auf die Lenkrollen ein Drehmoment ausgeübt wird, das zu einer unerwünschten Drehung der Lenkrolle um deren Schwenkachse führt und die Lenkrollen in der Geradeauslauf-Stellung halten. Andererseits müssen die Rollen an den vorderen Beinen wegen des Erfordernisses, die Ladebühne des Krankentransportfahrzeuges exakt anfahren zu können, als nicht schwenkbare Laufrollen ausgebildet sein. Auch die Lösung des Problems durch eine im Geradeauslauf arretierbare Lenkrolle an jedem der vorderen Beine ist nicht praktikabel, da das bei abgesenktem vorderen Ende wegen des Nachlaufs der Lenkrollen verursachte Drehmoment extrem große Kräfte auf die Lenkrollen-Arretierung ausüben würde, weshalb der Verschleiß extrem hoch wäre.Although the known driving device has castors, its maneuverability is limited. In narrow, angled aisles, moving the driving device is difficult because the steering via the rear castors around tight corners is not sufficient. Furthermore, lateral movement of the driving device is not possible without complex forward and backward movement and maneuvering or lifting of the driving device. When lifting, there is a risk that the patient will experience pain-causing vibrations. If the front casters were replaced by swivel castors, the driving device would be difficult or impossible to control when moving on inclined planes. Furthermore, the caster required for swivel castors (the vertical swivel axis of the swivel castors is - viewed in the direction of travel - in front of the horizontal swivel axis of the swivel castors) would have a disadvantageous effect when lowering the front end, since in the case of inclined front legs, the self-weight of the driving device causes torque on the swivel castors is exercised, which leads to an undesired rotation of the steering roller about its pivot axis and keep the steering rollers in the straight-ahead position. On the other hand, the rollers on the front legs have to be designed as non-swiveling rollers because of the requirement that the loading platform of the patient transport vehicle can be approached exactly. The solution to the problem by a castor that can be locked in a straight line on each of the front legs is also impractical, since the torque which is caused when the front end is lowered due to the castor castering would exert extremely great forces on the castor lock, which is why the wear would be extremely high .

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Fahrgerät der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, das einfach zu lenken ist und dennoch die Vorzüge eines mit nicht schwenkbaren Laufrollen an den vorderen Beinen versehenen Fahrgerätes aufweist.The invention has for its object to provide a driving device of the type mentioned, which is easy to steer and yet has the advantages of a driving device provided with non-swiveling castors on the front legs.

Als Lösung wird mit dieser Erfindung vorgeschlagen, an den vorderen Beinen zusätzlich zu den Laufrollen schwenkbare Lenkrollen vorzusehen, die derart angeordnet sind, daß der Rahmen in der einen Schwenkstellung der vorderen Beine nur auf den Laufrollen und in der anderen Schwenkstellung der vorderen Beine nur auf den vorderen Lenkrollen ruht.As a solution it is proposed with this invention to provide swivel castors on the front legs in addition to the castors, which are arranged such that the frame in one pivot position of the front legs only on the rollers and in the other pivot position of the front legs only on the front castors resting.

Nach der Erfindung sind an jedem vorderen Bein eine nicht schwenkbare Laufrolle und eine schwenkbare Lenkrolle angebracht. Je nach Schwenkstellung der vorderen Beine ist der Rahmen (neben den Lenkrollen der hinteren Beine) entweder über die Laufrollen oder über die vorderen Lenkrollen verfahrbar. In derjenigen Schwenkstellung, in der das Fahrgerät an seinem vorderen Ende auf den Laufrollen ruht, sind die vorderen Beine vorteilhafterweise vollständig heruntergeschwenkt, befinden sich also in der Schwenkstellung, bei der die Bühne des Krankentransportfahrzeuges angefahren wird. Zum Verfahren des Fahrgerätes über die vorderen Lenkrollen werden die vorderen Beine in die zweite arretierbare Schwenkstellung gebracht. Jetzt haben die Laufrollen keinen Kontakt mehr zum Boden, was in der ersten Schwenkstellung der vorderen Beine für die Lenkrollen gilt. Vorteilhafterweise ist die zweite arretierbare Schwenkstellung der vorderen Beine derart gewählt, daß die Absenkung des Fahrgerätes an dessen vorderen Ende nur gering ist, so daß der Patient im wesentlichen in der Horizontalen liegend transportiert wird. Es ist aber ebenso möglich, als zweite Schwenkstellung diejenige Position der vorderen Beine zu wählen, in der das Fahrgerät die Schrägstellung zum Lagern eines unter Schock stehenden Patienten einnimmt.According to the invention, a non-swivel castor and a swivel castor are attached to each front leg. Depending on the swivel position of the front legs, the frame (in addition to the swivel castors of the rear legs) can be moved either via the castors or via the front swivel castors. In the swivel position in which the driving device rests on the rollers at its front end, the front legs are advantageously swiveled completely down, that is to say they are in the swivel position in which the platform of the patient transport vehicle is approached. To move the driving device over the front castors, the front legs are brought into the second lockable swivel position. Now the castors have no contact with the ground, which applies to the castors in the first swivel position of the front legs. The second lockable swivel position of the front legs is advantageously selected such that the lowering of the driving device at the front end thereof is only slight, so that the patient is transported lying essentially horizontally. However, it is also possible to select that position of the front legs as the second pivot position in which the driving device assumes the inclined position for supporting a patient in shock.

Das erfindungsgemäße Fahrgerät stellt eine konstruktiv recht einfache Lösung des Problems dar, bei Bedarf eine erhöhte Manövrierfähigkeit des Fahrgerätes durch Lenkrollen an den vorderen Beinen zu erzielen, ohne auf vordere Laufrollen und deren Vorzüge verzichten zu müssen. Die Umstellung des erfindungsgemäßen Fahrgerätes von den nicht schwenkbaren Laufrollen auf die vorderen schwenkbaren Lenkrollen durch einfaches Verschwenken der vorderen Beine ist bedienungsfreundlich und bequemer zu bewerkstelligen als das Feststellen und Lösen von vorderen Lenkrollen, die in der Drehstellung für den Geradeauslauf arretierbar sind.The driving device according to the invention represents a structurally quite simple solution to the problem, if necessary an increased maneuverability of the driving device by means of castors on the front To achieve legs without having to forego front castors and their advantages. The changeover of the driving device according to the invention from the non-swiveling castors to the front swiveling swivel castors by simply swiveling the front legs is user-friendly and more convenient to accomplish than the fixing and releasing of front swivel castors which can be locked in the rotational position for straight running.

Die Lenkrolle eines vorderen Beines kann im Rahmen dieser Erfindung durch eine drehbar gelagerte Kugel, die um drei senkrecht zueinander verlaufende Drehachsen drehbar ist, ersetzt werden. Hierzu ist die Kugel in ein Kugellager eingelassen, wobei die Kugeloberfläche teilweise freiliegt. Im Rahmen der Erfindung soll unter einer vorderen schwenkbaren Lenkrolle auch eine wie vorstehend beschriebene Laufkugel verstanden werden.The swivel castor of a front leg can be replaced in the context of this invention by a rotatably mounted ball which can be rotated about three axes of rotation which run perpendicular to one another. For this purpose, the ball is embedded in a ball bearing, the surface of the ball being partially exposed. In the context of the invention, a front swivel castor is also to be understood as a running ball as described above.

Vorteilhafterweise haben die Lenkrollen die gleiche Spurweite wie die Laufrollen, wobei sie derart an den vorderen Beinen angeordnet sind, daß sie bei herabgeschwenkten vorderen und hinteren Beinen sich zwischen den (vorderen) Laufrollen und den hinteren Lenkrollen befinden. Bei dieser Weiterbildung der Erfindung stehen die Lenkrollen weder nach innen noch nach außen über die Laufrollen über. Das hat zum einen den Vorteil, daß der Bereich zwischen den Laufrollen freibleibt, was Voraussetzung ist für eine nur geringe Bauhöhe des Fahrgerätes im zusammengeklappten Zustand. Zum anderen hat die Tatsache, daß die vordere Lenkrolle in der Flucht der vorderen Laufrolle liegt, den Vorteil, daß das Fahrgerät keine über die Laufrollen überstehenden Teile aufweist, also die kleinstmögliche Breite besitzt.Advantageously, the castors have the same track width as the castors, being arranged on the front legs in such a way that, when the front and rear legs are pivoted down, they are located between the (front) castors and the rear castors. In this development of the invention, the castors do not protrude inward or outward beyond the castors. On the one hand, this has the advantage that the area between the rollers remains free, which is a prerequisite for a low overall height of the driving device in the folded state. On the other hand, the fact that the front swivel castor is in alignment with the front castor has the advantage that the driving device has no parts protruding from the castors, that is to say it has the smallest possible width.

Eine konstruktiv einfache Lösung für die Lagerung der Lenk- und Laufrollen an den vorderen Beinen wird dadurch erzielt, daß die Lenkrollen an den Halterungen für die Laufrollen gelagert sind. Hierbei ist der Drehkranz einer Lenkrolle an der Halterung für die zugehörige Laufrolle angebracht. Die Konstruktion des Fahrgerätes nach dieser Weiterbildung zeichnet sich daher durch eine erhöhte Stabilität aus.A structurally simple solution for the mounting of the castors and castors on the front legs is achieved in that the castors are mounted on the brackets for the castors. Here, the turntable of a swivel castor is attached to the bracket for the associated castor. The construction of the driving device according to this development is therefore characterized by increased stability.

Gemäß einer anderen vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Erfindung sind die Halterungen für die vorderen Lenkrollen an den vorderen Beinen oder an den Halterungen für die vorderen Laufrollen einstellbar angebracht. Auf diese Weise läßt sich die Relativposition zwischen den Halterungen für die Lenk- und die Laufrollen an den vorderen Beinen verändern. Dies ist insbesondere dann vorteilhaft, wenn die vorderen Beine in ihrer Länge veränderbar sind, so daß das Fahrgerät an die unterschiedlich hohen Bühnen verschiedener Krankentransportfahrzeuge angepaßt werden kann. Bei veränderter Länge der vorderen Beine (verlängert und verkürzt) wird der Rahmen zum Verfahren des Fahrgerätes durch Arretierung der hinteren Beine in einer anderen Schwenkstellung (mehr rechtwinklig oder mehr spitzwinklig zum Rahmen) in die Horizontale gebracht. Aufgrund der unterschiedlichen Schrägstellungen der hinteren Beine ist die Absenkung des Rahmens bei in der zweiten Schwenkstellung befindlichen vorderen Beinen unterschiedlich stark. Daher verläuft die Schwenkachse der Lenkrollen, auf denen der Rahmen am vorderen Ende in der zweiten Schwenkstellung der vorderen Beine ruht, bei veränderter Länge der vorderen Beine nicht rechtwinklig zum Boden. Dieser Umstand ist wegen der bei Lenkrollen erforderlichen Nachlaufeigenschaft nachteilig, da nun auf die Lenkrolle ein Drehmoment ausgeübt wird, das zu einem Drehen der Lenkrolle um etwa 180° führt. Durch die Einstellbarkeit der Lage der Halterungen für die vorderen Lenkrollen relativ zu den vorderen Beinen können die Lenkrollen derart justiert werden, daß ihre Schwenkachsen auch bei veränderter Länge der vorderen Beine, was zur Anpassung des Fahrgerätes an unterschiedlich hohe Ladebühnen erforderlich ist, stets senkrecht zum Boden verlaufen.According to another advantageous development of the invention, the brackets for the front castors are adjustably attached to the front legs or to the brackets for the front castors. In this way, the relative position between the brackets for the steering and castors on the front legs can be changed. This is particularly advantageous if the length of the front legs can be changed so that the driving device can be adapted to the different heights of different patient transport vehicles. If the length of the front legs changes (lengthened and shortened), the frame for moving the driving device is brought into a horizontal position by locking the rear legs in a different swivel position (more perpendicular or more acute to the frame). Due to the different inclined positions of the rear legs, the lowering of the frame is different in the case of the front legs in the second pivot position. Therefore, the swivel axis of the castors, on which the frame rests at the front end in the second swivel position of the front legs, does not run at right angles to the floor when the length of the front legs changes. This circumstance is disadvantageous because of the caster property required for castors, since a torque is now exerted on the castor, which leads to the castor being rotated by approximately 180 °. Due to the adjustability of the position of the brackets for the front swivel castors relative to the front legs, the swivel castors can be adjusted in such a way that their swivel axes are always perpendicular to the ground, even when the length of the front legs changes, which is necessary to adapt the driving device to loading platforms of different heights run.

Der senkrechte Verlauf der Schwenkachse der vorderen Lenkrollen bei längenveränderbaren vorderen Beinen kann gemäß einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Erfindung auch dadurch realisiert werden, daß die vorderen Beine in mehreren Schwenkstellungen arretierbar sind, in denen der Rahmen (neben den Lenkrollen an den hinteren Beinen) nur auf den vorderen Lenkrollen ruht. Hierbei kann auf die justierbare Befestigung der Halterungen für die vorderen Lenkrollen verzichtet werden.The vertical course of the pivot axis of the front swivel castors with variable-length front legs can also be realized according to an advantageous development of the invention in that the front legs can be locked in several swivel positions in which the frame (in addition to the swivel castors on the rear legs) only on the front castors resting. The adjustable mounting of the brackets for the front castors can be dispensed with.

Nachfolgend wird unter Bezugnahme auf die Figuren ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung näher erläutert. Im einzelnen zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 eine Seitenansicht des auf den vorderen Laufrollen und den hinteren Lenkrollen ruhenden Fahrgerätes,
  • Fig. 2 eine Draufsicht auf das Fahrgerät nach
  • Fig. 1,
  • Fig. 3 eine Seitenansicht des auf den vorderen und hinteren Lenkrollen ruhenden Fahrgerätes,
  • Fig. 4 eine vergrößerte Ansicht der Lauf- und der Lenkrolle eines vorderen Beines,
  • Fig. 5 eine Ansicht des Lauf- und des Lenkrades in Richtung des Pfeils V der Fig. 4, und
  • Fig. 6 in Seitenansicht den vorderen Teil des Fahrgerätes im zusammengeklappten Zustand mit darauf befindlicher Krankentrage.
An exemplary embodiment of the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the figures. In detail show:
  • 1 is a side view of the driving device resting on the front rollers and the rear steering rollers,
  • Fig. 2 is a plan view of the driving device according to
  • Fig. 1,
  • 3 is a side view of the driving device resting on the front and rear castors,
  • 4 is an enlarged view of the castor and the swivel castor of a front leg,
  • Fig. 5 is a view of the wheel and the steering wheel in the direction of arrow V of Fig. 4, and
  • Fig. 6 in side view of the front part of the driving device in the folded state with the stretcher thereon.

Die Fign. 1 und 2 zeigen das Fahrgerät in Seitenansicht und Draufsicht. Das Fahrgerät weist einen Rahmen 10 auf, der aus zwei Längsholmen 12,14 und zwei Querholmen 16,18 besteht. Auf dem Rahmen 10 befindet sich eine Krankentrage 20 (nur in Fig. 1 dargestellt), die am Rahmen 10 lösbar arretiert ist, was nicht näher beschrieben und dargestellt ist. In der Mitte zwischen den beiden Längsholmen 12,14 und parallel zu diesen verläuft eine Hohlprofilleiste 22, die an ihren Enden mit den Querholmen 16,18 verbunden ist und zwei nebeneinanderliegende, nach unten geöffnete (erste und zweite) Kanäle aufweist, in denen jeweils zwei Gleitkörper angeordnet sind.The figures 1 and 2 show the driving device in side view and top view. The driving device has a frame 10 which consists of two longitudinal bars 12, 14 and two transverse bars 16, 18. There is a stretcher on the frame 10 20 (only shown in Fig. 1), which is releasably locked to the frame 10, which is not described and shown in detail. In the middle between the two longitudinal spars 12, 14 and parallel to them runs a hollow profile strip 22, which is connected at its ends to the transverse spars 16, 18 and has two adjacent, downwardly open (first and second) channels, in each of which two Sliders are arranged.

Das Fahrgerät weist ferner zwei hintere Beine 24 und zwei vordere Beine 26 auf, die gelenkig am Rahmen 10 angebracht sind. An dem freien Ende der hinteren Beine 24 sind schwenkbare Lenkrollen 28 angebracht. Jede Lenkrolle 28 ist um eine horizontale Achse 30 drehbar an einer gabelförmigen Halterung 32 befestigt, die ihrerseits um eine vertikale Schwenkachse 34 drehbar an einem hinteren Bein 24 gelagert ist. In die gabelförmigen Halterungen 32 integriert ist jeweils eine Feststellbremse, von der in Fig. 1 lediglich das mit dem Fuß zu betätigende Betätigungsorgan 36 zum Feststellen bzw. Bremsen der Lenkrolle 28 dargestellt ist. Die beiden hinteren Beine 24 sind über ortsfeste Lager 38 an einer die Längsholme 12,14 verbindenden Querstrebe 39 schwenkbar gelagert und im mittleren Bereich durch eine Querstrebe 40 miteinander verbunden. Gelenkig mit dieser Querstrebe 40 verbunden sind zwei hintere Stützstreben 42, deren freie Enden mittels einer unmittelbar unterhalb des Rahmens 10 angeordneten Querstrebe 44 verbunden sind. Diese Querstrebe 44 ist drehbar mit einem Gleitkörper 46 verbunden, der im ersten Kanal der Hohlprofilleiste 22 verschiebbar angeordnet und in diesem in mehreren Stellungen arretierbar ist. Durch Lösen eines im Bereich des Querholmes 16 angeordneten Lösehebels 48 kann die Arretierung des ersten Gleitkörpers 46 gelöst werden, so daß die hinteren Beine 24 um die Gelenke 48 bei Längsverschiebung der Querstrebe 44 unterhalb des Rahmens 10 verschwenkt werden können. Die Querstrebe 44 weist an ihren beiden Enden jeweils eine Rolle 50 auf, die sich auf den Unterseiten der Längsholme 12,14 abrollen und somit für eine Abstützung der hinteren Beine 24 an den Längsholmen 12,14 sorgen.The driving device also has two rear legs 24 and two front legs 26 which are articulated to the frame 10. At the free end of the rear legs 24, swivel castors 28 are attached. Each swivel castor 28 is fastened rotatably about a horizontal axis 30 to a fork-shaped holder 32, which in turn is rotatably mounted on a rear leg 24 about a vertical pivot axis 34. A parking brake is integrated into each of the fork-shaped brackets 32, of which only the actuating member 36 to be actuated with the foot for locking or braking the steering roller 28 is shown in FIG. 1. The two rear legs 24 are pivotally mounted via fixed bearings 38 on a cross strut 39 connecting the longitudinal bars 12, 14 and are connected to one another in the central region by a cross strut 40. Two rear support struts 42 are connected in an articulated manner to this cross strut 40, the free ends of which are connected by means of a cross strut 44 arranged directly below the frame 10. This cross strut 44 is rotatably connected to a sliding body 46 which is arranged displaceably in the first channel of the hollow profile strip 22 and can be locked in this in several positions. By releasing a release lever 48 arranged in the region of the cross member 16, the locking of the first sliding body 46 can be released so that the rear legs 24 can be pivoted about the joints 48 when the cross strut 44 is displaced longitudinally below the frame 10. The cross strut 44 each has a roller 50 at its two ends, which roll on the undersides of the longitudinal spars 12, 14 and thus provide support for the rear legs 24 on the longitudinal spars 12, 14.

Die vorderen Beine 26 sind in der Mitte über eine Querstrebe 52 (in Fig. 1 angedeutet) verbunden. Am oberen Ende sind die vorderen Beine 26 über eine weitere Querstrebe 54 miteinander verbunden, die an beiden Enden jeweils eine Rolle 56 aufweist, die sich von unten an den Längsholmen 12,14 abrollen. Die Querstrebe 54 ist gelenkig mit einem ebenfalls im ersten Kanal der Hohlprofilleiste 22 längsverschiebbar geführten Gleitkörper 57 verbunden. Dieser Gleitkörper 57 ist an der Hohlprofilleiste 22 lösbar arretierbar, was durch Betätigung eines im Bereich des Querholms 18 befindlichen Betätigungshebels 58 erfolgt. An der Querstrebe 52 der vorderen Beine 26 sind zwei vordere Stützstreben 60 drehbar befestigt, deren freie Enden mittels einer weiteren Querstrebe 62 verbunden sind, die unmittelbar unterhalb des Rahmens 10 angeordnet ist und an ihren beiden Enden Rollen 64 aufweist, welche von unten an den Längsholmen 12,14 anliegen. Die Querstrebe 62 ist drehbar an einem Gleitkörper 66 gelagert, der im zweiten Kanal der Hohlprofilleiste 22 längsverschiebbar geführt und lösbar arretierbar ist. Die Arretierung und Lösung des Gleitkörpers 66 erfolgt durch Betätigung eines am hinteren Querholmen 16 angeordneten Hebels 68.The front legs 26 are connected in the middle via a cross strut 52 (indicated in FIG. 1). At the upper end, the front legs 26 are connected to one another via a further cross strut 54, which has a roller 56 at each end, which rolls from below on the longitudinal bars 12, 14. The cross strut 54 is connected in an articulated manner to a sliding body 57, which is also longitudinally displaceable in the first channel of the hollow profile strip 22. This sliding body 57 is releasably lockable on the hollow profile strip 22, which is done by actuating an actuating lever 58 located in the region of the cross member 18. On the cross strut 52 of the front legs 26, two front support struts 60 are rotatably fastened, the free ends of which are connected by means of a further cross strut 62 which is arranged directly below the frame 10 and has rollers 64 at both ends, which from below on the longitudinal bars 12,14. The cross strut 62 is rotatably mounted on a sliding body 66 which is guided in the second channel of the hollow profile strip 22 so as to be longitudinally displaceable and releasably lockable. The sliding body 66 is locked and released by actuating a lever 68 arranged on the rear crossbars 16.

Durch Lösen der Arretierung für den Gleitkörper 66 können die vorderen Beine 26 zum Zusammenklappen des Fahrgerätes nach oben verschwenkt werden, wobei sich die vorderen Beine 26 um die Rollen 56 an der oberen Querstrebe 54 der vorderen Beine 26 drehen.By releasing the locking device for the sliding body 66, the front legs 26 can be pivoted upwards to fold the driving device, the front legs 26 rotating about the rollers 56 on the upper cross strut 54 of the front legs 26.

Zum Aufsetzen des Rahmens 10 beim Aufschieben des Fahrgerätes auf die Bühne in einem Krankentransportfahrzeug sind im Bereich des vorderen Querholms 18 Aufsetzrollen 70 vorgesehen. Diese Aufsetzrollen 70 sind an beiden Enden einer Querstrebe 72 drehbar gelagert, die mit einem Gleitkörper 74 verbunden ist, der im zweiten Ka nal der Hohlprofilleiste 22 verschiebbar geführt ist. Die Querstrebe 72 weist weitere Rollen 76 auf, die von unten an den Längsholmen 12,14 anliegen. Die Querstrebe 72 ist federnd in Richtung auf den vorderen Querholm 18 vorgespannt, ist also längsverschiebbar am Rahmen 10 geführt.To place the frame 10 when pushing the driving device onto the stage in a patient transport vehicle, 18 setting rollers 70 are provided in the area of the front cross member. These placement rollers 70 are rotatably mounted on both ends of a cross strut 72 which is connected to a sliding body 74 which is guided in the second Ka channel of the hollow profile bar 22 slidably. The cross strut 72 has further rollers 76 which rest against the longitudinal spars 12, 14 from below. The cross strut 72 is resiliently biased in the direction of the front cross member 18, so it is guided on the frame 10 so as to be longitudinally displaceable.

Zum Aufschieben des Fahrgerätes auf die Bühne 78 des Krankentransportfahrzeuges wird der Rahmen 10 mit den Aufsetzrollen 70 auf die Bühne 78 aufgesetzt. Bei gelöster Arretierung der vorderen Stützstreben 60 werden die vorderen Beine 26 um die Rollen 56 nach hinten bis unter den Rahmen 10 hochgeschwenkt, sobald die vorderen Stützstreben 60 und Beine 26 gegen das hintere Ende der Bühne 78 stoßen. Genauso schwenken die hinteren Beine 24 bei entriegelten hinteren Stützstreben 42 bis unter den Rahmen 10 nach oben, sobald sie gegen das hintere Ende der Bühne 78 stoßen. Im komplett auf die Bühne 78 geschobenen Zustand des Fahrgerätes befinden sich die Aufsetzrollen 70 am hinteren Ende ihres Verschiebungsweges, den sie beim Aufschieben des Fahrgerätes auf die Bühne 78 gegen die Kraft der federnden Vorspannung durchfahren haben. Fig. 6 zeigt den Zustand des Fahrgerätes im vorderen Bereich bei hochgeklappten vorderen Beinen 26. Im zusammengeklappten Zustand des Fahrgerätes ruhen die hinteren Beine 24 auf der Ladebühne 78 auf Rollen 80, die drehbar an den hinteren Beinen 24 im Bereich der Lenkrollen 28 gelagert sind.In order to push the driving device onto the stage 78 of the patient transport vehicle, the frame 10 with the placement rollers 70 is placed on the stage 78. When the front support struts 60 are released, the front legs 26 are pivoted upwards about the rollers 56 backwards under the frame 10 as soon as the front support struts 60 and legs 26 abut the rear end of the stage 78. Likewise, when the rear support struts 42 are unlocked, the rear legs 24 pivot upwards under the frame 10 as soon as they hit the rear end of the stage 78. When the driving device is completely pushed onto the stage 78, the placement rollers 70 are located at the rear end of their displacement path which they passed through when the driving device was pushed onto the stage 78 against the force of the resilient bias. 6 shows the state of the driving device in the front area with the front legs 26 folded up. When the driving device is folded up, the rear legs 24 rest on the loading platform 78 on rollers 80 which are rotatably mounted on the rear legs 24 in the area of the steering rollers 28.

Am unteren Ende der vorderen Beine 26 sind Laufrollen 82 angeordnet, die an mit den vorderen Beinen 26 verbundenen Halterungen 84 um eine horizontale Achse 86 drehbar gelagert sind. An der Halterung 84 ist der Drehkranz 88 einer Lenkrollenhalterung 90 befestigt, die gabelförmig ist und eine Lenkrolle 92 drehbar hält. Die Halterungen 84 sind als sich bis nach hinten über die Laufrollen erstrekkende Platten ausgebildet. An den hinteren Enden dieser Platten sind die Drehkränze 88 rechtwinklig zu den Platten verlaufend befestigt. Die vorderen Lenkrollen 92 befinden sich also - bei herabgeschwenkten Beinen betrachtet - zwischen den Laufrollen 82 und den hinteren Lenkrollen.At the lower end of the front legs 26, casters 82 are arranged, which are connected to brackets 84 connected to the front legs 26 by one horizontal axis 86 are rotatably mounted. The turntable 88 of a swivel castor holder 90 is fastened to the holder 84 and is fork-shaped and rotatably holds a swivel castor 92. The brackets 84 are designed as plates which extend backwards over the rollers. At the rear ends of these plates, the slewing rings 88 are fastened at right angles to the plates. The front swivel castors 92 are thus - when the legs are swiveled down - between the casters 82 and the rear swivel castors.

Je nach der Schwenkstellung der vorderen Beine 26 ruht das Fahrgerät neben den hinteren Lenkrollen 28 entweder nur auf den vorderen Laufrollen 82 oder den vorderen Lenkrollen 92. Die Verschwenkung der vorderen Beine 26 zum Verfahren des Fahrgerätes entweder über die Laufrollen 82 oder die vorderen Lenkrollen 92 erfolgt durch Lösen des Gleitkörpers 56, der im arretierten Zustand die vorderen Beine 26 gegen Längsverschiebung relativ zum Rahmen 10 sichert. Bei entriegelten vorderen Beinen 26 und arretierten vorderen Stützstreben 60 können die vorderen Beine 26 um ihre Querstrebe 52 gedreht werden, wobei die oberen Enden der vorderen Beine 26 über die Rollen 56 unmittelbar unterhalb des Rahmens 10 geführt werden. Ein Verschwenken der vorderen Beine 26 führt zu einer Absenkung des vorderen Endes des Fahrgerätes, wie ein Vergleich der Fign. 1 und 3 zeigt. In diesen Figuren ist zu erkennen, auf welchen (Lauf- und Lenk-)Rollen der vorderen Beine 26 das Fahrgerät in Abhängigkeit von der Schwenkposition der vorderen Beine 26 ruht. Bei einer Schwenkposition, in der der Rahmen 10 parallel zum Boden 93 verläuft, ist das Fahrgerät über die Laufrollen 82 und die hinteren Lenkrollen 28 verfahrbar (Fig. 1). In einer Schwenkstellung der vorderen Beine 26, in der das vordere Ende des Fahrgerätes abgesenkt ist, berühren die Laufflächen der vorderen Lenkrollen 92 den Boden 93, während sich die Laufrollen 82 im Abstand zum Boden 93 befinden. In beiden Schwenkstellungen gemäß den Fign. 1 und 3 sind die vorderen Beine 26 gegen Längsverschiebungen relativ zum Rahmen 10 durch Arretieren des Gleitkörpers 56 in der Hohlprofilleiste 22 festlegbar. Um den Grad der Absenkung des Fahrgerätes am vorderen Ende variieren zu können, sind die vorderen Beine 26 in mehreren Schwenkstellungen arretierbar, in denen jeweils nur die vorderen Lenkrollen 92 den Boden 93 berühren. Bei an allen vier Beinen auf den Lenkrollen 28 bzw. 92 ruhendem Rahmen läßt sich das Fahrgerät bequem um enge Kurven lenken bzw. in Querrichtung des Rahmens 10 (seitlich) verschieben. Um das Fahrgerät sowohl vorne als auch hinten lenken zu können, braucht lediglich der Rahmen 10 am vorderen Ende abgesenkt zu werden, was durch Betätigung des Lösehebels 58 für die Arretierung der vorderen Beine 26 erfolgt. Dieses Absenken ist sehr einfach zu bewerkstelligen und bei den herkömmlichen Fahrgeräten wegen der dort gegebenen Möglichkeit, einen Patienten auch in Schocktieflage mit dem Fahrgerät zu transportieren, bekannt. Insoweit brauchen also keine konstruktiven Änderungen vorgenommen zu werden, um das Fahrgerät auch an den vorderen Beinen 26 lenken zu können.Depending on the pivoting position of the front legs 26, the driving device rests next to the rear steering rollers 28 either only on the front rollers 82 or the front steering rollers 92. The pivoting of the front legs 26 for moving the driving device takes place either via the rollers 82 or the front steering rollers 92 by loosening the sliding body 56, which in the locked state secures the front legs 26 against longitudinal displacement relative to the frame 10. When the front legs 26 are unlocked and the front support struts 60 are locked, the front legs 26 can be rotated about their cross strut 52, the upper ends of the front legs 26 being guided via the rollers 56 immediately below the frame 10. Swiveling the front legs 26 leads to a lowering of the front end of the driving device, as a comparison of the figures. 1 and 3 shows. In these figures it can be seen on which (running and steering) rollers of the front legs 26 the driving device rests depending on the pivoting position of the front legs 26. In a swivel position in which the frame 10 runs parallel to the floor 93, the driving device can be moved via the rollers 82 and the rear steering rollers 28 (FIG. 1). In a pivoted position of the front legs 26, in which the front end of the driving device is lowered, the treads of the front steering rollers 92 touch the floor 93, while the rollers 82 are at a distance from the floor 93. In both swivel positions according to FIGS. 1 and 3, the front legs 26 can be fixed against longitudinal displacements relative to the frame 10 by locking the sliding body 56 in the hollow profile strip 22. In order to be able to vary the degree of lowering of the driving device at the front end, the front legs 26 can be locked in a plurality of pivot positions, in which only the front steering rollers 92 touch the floor 93. With the frame resting on all four legs on the castors 28 and 92, the driving device can be conveniently steered around tight curves or moved in the transverse direction of the frame 10 (laterally). In order to be able to steer the driving device both at the front and at the rear, only the frame 10 needs to be lowered at the front end, which is done by actuating the release lever 58 for locking the front legs 26. This lowering is very easy to accomplish and is known in the conventional driving devices because of the possibility given there to transport a patient even in shock with the driving device. In this respect, no design changes need to be made in order to be able to steer the driving device on the front legs 26 as well.

Zur Anpassung des Fahrgerätes an unterschiedlich hohe Bühnen 78 in den unterscliedlichen Krankentransportfahrzeugen sind die vorderen Beine 26 in ihrer Länge veränderbar. Dazu besteht jedes vordere Beine 26 aus einem oberen Teil 26a und einem darin längsverschiebbar geführten unteren Teil 26b, an dessen Ende die Halterung 84 angebracht ist. Die beiden oberen Teile 26a sind über die Querstreben 52 und 54 miteinander verbunden. Über einen im oberen Teil 26a befindlichen Ge windebolzen mit Handrad 94 kann der untere Teil 26b gegen Längsverschiebungen im oberen Teil 26a gesichert werden. Bei Veränderung der Länge der vorderen Beine 26 wird die zum Boden parallele Lage des Rahmens 10 dadurch erreicht, daß die hinteren Stützstreben 42 in einer anderen als in Fig. 1 dargestellten Position am Rahmen 10 arretiert werden. Damit jedoch ist die Schwenkstellung der hinteren Beine 24 bei horizontal ausgerichtetem Rahmen 10 eine andere. Werden die vorderen Beine 26 bei veränderter Länge nun in die Schwenkposition gemäß Fig. 3 geschwenkt, verläuft die vertikale Schwenkachse 96 nicht senkrecht zum Boden. Dies ist jedoch wegen der Nachlaufeigenschaft der vorderen Lenkrolle 92 (deren vertikale Schwenkachse 96 schneidet nicht die horizontale Drehachse 98) nachteilig.The length of the front legs 26 can be changed in order to adapt the driving device to platforms 78 of different heights in the various patient transport vehicles. For this purpose, each front leg 26 consists of an upper part 26a and a lower part 26b which is guided in a longitudinally displaceable manner and at the end of which the holder 84 is attached. The two upper parts 26a are connected to one another via the cross struts 52 and 54. Via a Ge in the upper part 26a threaded bolt with handwheel 94, the lower part 26b can be secured against longitudinal displacement in the upper part 26a. When changing the length of the front legs 26, the position of the frame 10 parallel to the floor is achieved in that the rear support struts 42 are locked in a position other than that shown in FIG. 1 on the frame 10. However, this means that the pivot position of the rear legs 24 is different when the frame 10 is aligned horizontally. If the front legs 26 are now pivoted into the pivot position according to FIG. 3 with a changed length, the vertical pivot axis 96 does not run perpendicular to the floor. However, this is disadvantageous because of the trailing property of the front castor 92 (whose vertical pivot axis 96 does not intersect the horizontal axis of rotation 98).

Die senkrechte Ausrichtung der Schwenkachse 96 zum Boden durch Verschwenken der längenveränderbaren vorderen Beine 26 kann bei dem Fahrgerät dadurch erreicht werden, daß die vorderen Beine 26 in mehreren Schwenkstellungen am Rahmen 10 arretierbar sind, in denen nur die vorderen Lenkrollen den Boden 93 berühren. Zusätzlich ist, was in Fig. 4 dargestellt ist, die relative Lage der gabelförmigen Halterung 90 für eine Lenkrolle 92 und der Halterung 84 einstellbar. Dazu weist die Halterung 84 eine schwenkbare Platte 100 auf, die an der Halterung 84 um eine Achse 102 drehbar gehalten ist. An der Platte 100 ist der Drehkranz 88 für die Lenkrolle 92 befestigt. Die Halterung 84 und die Platte 100 weisen jeweils mehrere in gleichem Abstand zueinander angeordnete Bohrungen 104 auf, die jeweils auf einem Kreisbogen mit demselben Radius und der Achse 102 als Mittelpunkt angeordnet sind. Mittels eines Bolzens 106, der sich durch zwei übereinanderliegende Bohrungen in der Platte 100 und der Halterung 84 hindurch erstreckt, ist die Platte 100 an der Halterung 84 fixierbar. Durch Verschwenken der Platte 100 um die Achse 102 relativ zur Halterung 84 ist die Neigung der Halterung 90 für die Lenkrolle 92 einstellbar. Aufgrund dieser Einstellbarkeit der vorderen Lenkrollen 92 ist es beispielsweise möglich, daß die Schwenkachsen 96 bei veränderter Länge der vorderen Beine 26 stets in der ersten Schwenkstellung, in der bei am vorderen Ende abgesenktem Rahmen 10 die vorderen Lenkrollen 92 den Boden 93 berühren, auch senkrecht zu diesem verlaufen. Unabhängig von der Länge der vorderen Beine ist damit gewährleistet, daß die Schwenkachsen 96 in ein und derselben Schwenkstellung der vorderen Beine 26 senkrecht zum Boden verlaufen. Die Verstellung des Fahrgerätes zum Lenken desselben sowohl vorne als auch hinten, ist damit sehr einfach zu bewerkstelligen.The vertical alignment of the pivot axis 96 to the ground by pivoting the length-adjustable front legs 26 can be achieved in the driving device in that the front legs 26 can be locked in several pivot positions on the frame 10, in which only the front castors touch the floor 93. In addition, what is shown in FIG. 4, the relative position of the fork-shaped holder 90 for a steering roller 92 and the holder 84 is adjustable. For this purpose, the holder 84 has a pivotable plate 100 which is held on the holder 84 so as to be rotatable about an axis 102. The turntable 88 for the steering roller 92 is fastened to the plate 100. The holder 84 and the plate 100 each have a plurality of holes 104 which are arranged at the same distance from one another and are each arranged on a circular arc with the same radius and the axis 102 as the center. The plate 100 is on the holder 84 by means of a bolt 106 which extends through two bores lying one above the other in the plate 100 and the holder 84 fixable. By pivoting the plate 100 about the axis 102 relative to the bracket 84, the inclination of the bracket 90 for the castor 92 is adjustable. Due to this adjustability of the front swivel castors 92, it is possible, for example, that the pivot axes 96 always change in the first swivel position in the first swivel position, in which the front swivel castors 92 touch the floor 93 when the frame 10 is lowered at the front end, and also perpendicular to it this get lost. Regardless of the length of the front legs, this ensures that the pivot axes 96 run in one and the same pivot position of the front legs 26 perpendicular to the floor. The adjustment of the driving device to steer it both at the front and at the rear is therefore very easy to accomplish.

Wie in Fig. 2 zu erkennen ist, haben die Laufrollen 82 und die vorderen Lenkrollen 92 die gleiche Spurbreite. Wie die Laufrollen 82 und die hinteren Lenkrollen 28 befinden sich auch die vorderen Lenkrollen 92 bei hochgeschwenkten vorderen und hinteren Beinen 26,24 zu beiden (Außen- )Seiten des Rahmens 10. Ferner sind die vorderen Lenkrollen 92 in einem solchen Abstand zu den Laufrollen 82 angeordnet, daß sich die Lenkrollen bei zusammengeklapptem Fahrgerät unmittelbar unterhalb der Krankentrage befinden, was in Fig. 6 dargestellt ist.As can be seen in FIG. 2, the rollers 82 and the front steering rollers 92 have the same track width. Like the castors 82 and the rear casters 28, the front casters 92 are also on both (outer) sides of the frame 10 when the front and rear legs 26, 24 are pivoted up. Furthermore, the front casters 92 are at such a distance from the casters 82 arranged that the castors are immediately below the stretcher when the driving device is folded, which is shown in Fig. 6.

Die Erfindung ist vorstehend anhand einer speziellen Ausführung eines Fahrgerätes beschrieben worden, bei der die Beine beim Aufschieben des Fahrgerätes auf die Bühne im Krankentransportfahrzeug automatisch hochschwenken. Die Anordnung von zusätzlichen Lenkrollen an den vorderen Beinen kann aber grundsätzlich bei jedem anderen Typ von Fahrgerät erfolgen. Insbesondere können bei solchen Fahrgeräten, bei denen die Beine von Hand hochgeschwenkt werden müssen, bevor das Fahrgerät auf die Bühne geschoben wird, oder bei verfahrbaren Krankenbetten neben den Laufrollen auch Lenkrollen an einem der Beinpaare (vordere oder hintere Beine) vorgesehen werden.The invention has been described above with reference to a special embodiment of a driving device in which the legs automatically swing up in the patient transport vehicle when the driving device is pushed onto the stage. The arrangement of additional castors on the front legs can in principle be done with any other type of driving device. In particular, in the case of driving devices in which the legs have to be swung up by hand before the driving device is pushed onto the stage, or in the case of movable patient beds, castor wheels can also be provided on one of the pairs of legs (front or rear legs) in addition to the castors.

Claims (5)

1. Fahrgerät für eine Krankentrage, mit - einem Rahmen (10), - schwenkbar am Rahmen (10) angebrachten vorderen Beinen (26), die mit Laufrollen (82) verselen sind, und - einer lösbaren Arretiervorrichtung (56,58) zum Arretieren der vorderen Beine (26) am Rahmen (10) in mindestens zwei Schwenkstellungen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, - daß die vorderen Beine (26) zusätzlich zu den Laufrollen (82) schwenkbare Lenkrollen (92) aufweisen, die derart angeordnet sind, daß der Rahmen (10) in der einen Schwenkstellung der vorderen Beine (26) nur auf den Laufrollen (82) und in der anderen Schwenkstellung der vorderen Beine (26) nur auf den Lenkrollen (92) ruht 1. Driving device for a stretcher, with - a frame (10), - Swiveling on the frame (10) attached front legs (26) verselen with rollers (82), and a releasable locking device (56, 58) for locking the front legs (26) on the frame (10) in at least two pivot positions, characterized in that - That the front legs (26) in addition to the rollers (82) have pivotable castors (92) which are arranged such that the frame (10) in one pivot position of the front legs (26) only on the rollers (82) and in the other pivoting position of the front legs (26) rests only on the castors (92) 2. Fahrgerät nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Lenkrollen (92) die gleiche Spurweite wie die Laufrollen (82) aufweisen und derart an den vorderen Beinen (26) angeordnet sind, daß sie am Rahmen (10) angebrachten hinteren Beinen (24) zugewandt sind.2. Driving device according to claim 1, characterized in that the steering rollers (92) have the same track width as the rollers (82) and are arranged on the front legs (26) such that they are attached to the frame (10) rear legs (24 ) are facing. 3. Fahrgerät nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Lenkrollen (92) an den Halterungen für die Laufrollen (82) angeordnet sind.3. Driving device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the steering rollers (92) on the brackets for the rollers (82) are arranged. 4. Fahrgerät nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Halterungen (90) für die Lenkrollen (92) einstellbar an den vorderen Beinen (26) oder den Halterungen (84) für die Laufrollen (82) angebracht sind.4. Driving device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the brackets (90) for the castors (92) are adjustably attached to the front legs (26) or the brackets (84) for the rollers (82). 5. Fahrgerät nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die vorderen Beine (26) in mehreren Schwenkstellungen, in denen der Rahmen (10) jeweils nur auf den Lenkrollen (92) ruht, am Rahmen (10) arretierbar sind.5. Driving device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the front legs (26) in a plurality of pivot positions, in which the frame (10) rests only on the castors (92), can be locked on the frame (10).
EP90115132A 1989-08-19 1990-08-07 Trolley for stretcher Expired - Lifetime EP0414034B1 (en)

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AT90115132T ATE97566T1 (en) 1989-08-19 1990-08-07 MOBILE FOR A STRETCHER.

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DE3927484 1989-08-19
DE3927484A DE3927484C1 (en) 1989-08-19 1989-08-19

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AT (1) ATE97566T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3927484C1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB523114A (en) * 1938-12-23 1940-07-05 Robert Mawby Improvements in or relating to wheeled stretchers, hand trollies and like hand-propelled carriages
WO1982004231A1 (en) * 1981-06-08 1982-12-09 Dixon W Christian Wheelchair and attachment therefor
DE8801007U1 (en) * 1987-10-15 1988-03-17 Stollenwerk Fabrik für Sanitätsausrüstungen Hans Stollenwerk & Cie GmbH & Co, 5000 Köln Wheeled device for a stretcher

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2734475A1 (en) * 1995-05-23 1996-11-29 Ferno International Trolley for transporting stretchers
CN109453005A (en) * 2019-01-07 2019-03-12 狄秀婷 A kind of Multi-functional stretcher device for severe cardiology patient
CN109453005B (en) * 2019-01-07 2020-06-19 狄秀婷 Multifunctional stretcher device for severe cardiology patients

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US5015024A (en) 1991-05-14
ATE97566T1 (en) 1993-12-15
EP0414034B1 (en) 1993-11-24
DE3927484C1 (en) 1990-10-04

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