EP0411319B1 - Fahrzeug-Brennkraftmaschine mit einem Lageraufbau für die Kurbel- und Antriebwelle - Google Patents

Fahrzeug-Brennkraftmaschine mit einem Lageraufbau für die Kurbel- und Antriebwelle Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0411319B1
EP0411319B1 EP90112311A EP90112311A EP0411319B1 EP 0411319 B1 EP0411319 B1 EP 0411319B1 EP 90112311 A EP90112311 A EP 90112311A EP 90112311 A EP90112311 A EP 90112311A EP 0411319 B1 EP0411319 B1 EP 0411319B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
crankshaft
internal combustion
combustion engine
gear
output shaft
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90112311A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0411319A3 (en
EP0411319A2 (de
Inventor
Kaoru Okui
Manabu Kobayashi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Yamaha Motor Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Yamaha Motor Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from JP1174676A external-priority patent/JP2802440B2/ja
Priority claimed from JP19564989A external-priority patent/JP2787229B2/ja
Priority claimed from JP22296689A external-priority patent/JPH0389013A/ja
Application filed by Yamaha Motor Co Ltd filed Critical Yamaha Motor Co Ltd
Publication of EP0411319A2 publication Critical patent/EP0411319A2/de
Publication of EP0411319A3 publication Critical patent/EP0411319A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0411319B1 publication Critical patent/EP0411319B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F7/00—Casings, e.g. crankcases or frames
    • F02F7/0002—Cylinder arrangements
    • F02F7/0007—Crankcases of engines with cylinders in line
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F01L1/022—Chain drive
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B61/00—Adaptations of engines for driving vehicles or for driving propellers; Combinations of engines with gearing
    • F02B61/06—Combinations of engines with mechanical gearing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/42—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads
    • F02F1/4214—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads specially adapted for four or more valves per cylinder
    • F02F1/4221—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads specially adapted for four or more valves per cylinder particularly for three or more inlet valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F01L1/026—Gear drive
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
    • F01L1/047—Camshafts
    • F01L1/053—Camshafts overhead type
    • F01L2001/0537—Double overhead camshafts [DOHC]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M1/00—Pressure lubrication
    • F01M1/12—Closed-circuit lubricating systems not provided for in groups F01M1/02 - F01M1/10
    • F01M2001/126—Dry-sumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B1/00—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression
    • F02B1/02—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition
    • F02B1/04—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition with fuel-air mixture admission into cylinder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/16—Engines characterised by number of cylinders, e.g. single-cylinder engines
    • F02B75/18—Multi-cylinder engines
    • F02B2075/1804—Number of cylinders
    • F02B2075/1824—Number of cylinders six
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B2275/00—Other engines, components or details, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F02B2275/18—DOHC [Double overhead camshaft]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F2001/244—Arrangement of valve stems in cylinder heads
    • F02F2001/245—Arrangement of valve stems in cylinder heads the valve stems being orientated at an angle with the cylinder axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2201/00—Metals
    • F05C2201/02—Light metals
    • F05C2201/021—Aluminium

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an internal combustion engine for transverse arrangement in an engine compartment of an automotive vehicle.
  • the internal combustion engine comprises a fly wheel which, instead of being supported by the crankshaft itself, could be disposed on one end of an output shaft which is disposed slightly above the crankshaft on the same side of the engine block and is driven by the crankshaft. In this way, it becomes possible to shorten the extent of the engine in the direction of the crankshaft axis.
  • the output shaft is rotatably supported slightly above the crankshaft and, moreover, serves to drive a plurality of other systems and auxiliary equipment such as alternator, oil and water pump means and the intake and exhaust valve operating cam mechanism.
  • auxiliary equipment such as alternator, oil and water pump means and the intake and exhaust valve operating cam mechanism.
  • an improved engine structure should be developed enabling to gain the merits of a reduced length of the engine block in the axial direction of the crankshaft while preventing the transmission in between the crankshaft and the output shaft from generating undesirable gear noise.
  • crankshaft for a straight-type multi-cylinder engine a pair of crankarms supporting the associated crankpin for each cylinder (which, in turn, supports the connecting rod, respectively) is designed as a counterweight so that the reciprocational and rotational balances for each cylinder may be obtained.
  • all counterweights can be of identical shape.
  • EP 2 081 693 A1 discloses an internal combustion engine comprising a crankshaft having an output gear and a power output shaft which is disposed in parallel to the crankshaft, said crankshaft and said output shaft are supported by common integral unitary bearing structure.
  • an internal combustion engine for transverse arrangement in an engine compartment of an automotive vehicle, comprising a crankshaft having an output gear and a power output shaft which is disposed in parallel to the crankshaft and is adapted to distribute the output power of the crankshaft to clutch means and/or transmission means and/or to accessory equipments, said crankshaft and said output shaft both are supported by a common integral unitary bearing structure composed of an upper half and a lower half, respectively, wherein said output shaft is disposed slightly forwardly above the crankshaft, the bearing sections thereof performed by the upper and lower halves rotatably supporting the output shaft are designed to have a length shorter than the length of a bearing section for rotatably supporting the crankshaft defined through said upper and lower halves also, and said bearing sections for rotatably supporting the output shaft have a weight lower than that of the bearing sections for rotatably supporting the crankshaft.
  • the crankshaft supported by the upper and lower halves of the unitary bearing structure, has a pair of crankarms for each cylinder wherein each pair of crankarms is composed of a disk and a counterweight with a crankpin in between. Moreover, one of the disk-shaped crankarms is designed to form a gear which forms an output gear of the camshaft which is in mesh with a counter-gear of the output shaft.
  • the present invention provides for the crankshaft and power output shaft to be supported integrally by an upper and lower half of the bearing structure as indicated above, the rigidity of the bearing portion rotatably supporting the crankshaft and the power output shaft can be improved, while the bearing structure is yet lightweight and compact.
  • the advantageous embodiment of the present invention concerning the design of the crankarm structure of the crankshaft enables to increase the thickness of the output gear of the crankshaft in order to provide a smoothly operating gear transmission in between the crankshaft and the output shaft.
  • all the counterweight can be of identical shape facilitating the manufacturing of the crankshaft and, moreover, the balances of the cylinders can be assured even though one of the crankarms is designed to form an output gear which is in mesh with a counter-gear of the crankshaft.
  • the reference number 1 denotes the engine compartment of an automobile formed above and between the right and left front wheels 3 connected through front wheel shafts 2.
  • an engine unit 4 having a 4-stroke 6-cylinder internal combustion engine with its radiator 5 arranged in front of this engine unit 4.
  • the passenger compartment has been made spacious by disposing the engine crankshaft 6 laterally of the vehicle.
  • the cylinder block 7 is composed of a crankcase 7a and a cylinder body 7b integrally formed with cast iron.
  • the pistons 9 provided in the cylinder body 7b are each connected with the crankshaft 6 through respective connecting rod 10.
  • On the cylinder block 7 is mounted a cylinder head 11 provided with a head cover 12, and an ignition plug is provided on each cylinder.
  • the cylinder bank of the engine is inclined backwardly relative to the vertical of the vehicle.
  • the power output shaft 16 for distributing the output power of the crankshaft 6 is disposed in parallel with the crankshaft 6 and is disposed slantly forwardly above and close to the crankshaft 6.
  • the oil tank 15 reserving engine oil is located slantly forwardly under the crankshaft 6 and the output shaft 16 and is thus faced forwardly of the vehicle as shown by the arrow mark FWD in Figure 3.
  • the ouput shaft 16 is positioned in such a manner that the angle ⁇ formed between the cylinder axis plane L1 and the plane L2 including both of the crankshaft 6 axis and the power takeout shaft 16 axis may be an acute angle.
  • crankshaft 6 has an output gear 28 formed around one of its crankarms, and this gear 28 is in engagement with a counter-gear 29 mounted on the power takeout shaft 16. Further, a gear 30 provided on the power takeout shaft 16 is connected with a gear 32 on the countershaft 31 journaled on the cylinder head 11 through a first chain 33.
  • the gear 34 mounted on the countershaft 31 is connected to the gear 38 on the camshaft 37 is rotated by the rotation of the crankshaft 6, and the cams 39 are rotated together with the camshaft 37 and operate the intake and exhaust valves (not shown) with predetermined timings.
  • a flywheel 45 and a clutch mechanism (not shown) so that the power may be transmitted to the front wheel shafts 2 for front wheels 3 through a transmission 47 constituting a manual transmission.
  • the flywheel 45 is positioned at one end of the crankcase 7a longitudinally of the crankshaft in such a manner that it will not project outwardly of this crankcase end.
  • the primary side of the transmission 47 is disposed on the power takeout shaft 16, and the secondary side is disposed on a countershaft 48 to rotate the front wheel shaft 2 through a gear 49 provided on the wheel shaft 2.
  • auxiliary drive pulley 50 On the other end of the output shaft 16 is provided an auxiliary drive pulley 50 as shown in figure 7, which pulley 50 is accomodated within a concave 51 formed laterally on the crank bearing 60 of the crankcase 7a so that it may not project outwardly of this crankcase end.
  • a belt 55 is wrapped around this auxiliary drive pulley 50 and the auxiliary pulleys for auxiliaries such as alternator 52, power steering pump 53, air compressor 54, etc., so that these auxiliaries are simultaneously driven by the rotation of the power output shaft 16.
  • the bearing portion for journaling the crankshaft 6 and the power takeout shaft 16 is composed of an upper half 70 formed integrally with the crankcase 7a and a lower half 8, and the upper half 70 and the lower half 8 integrally journal each of the crankshaft 6 and the power takeout shaft 16.
  • the upper half 70 has bearings 60 for the crankshaft 6 formed for each cylinder, bearings 61 for the power takeout shaft 16, and further openings 62 for the oil passage 223 formed on its bottom side.
  • the upper half 70 may be formed as a separate member although it is formed integrally with the crankcase 7a in this embodiment.
  • the lower half 8 is made of cast iron, and has bearings 80 for the crankshaft 6, bearings 81 for the power takeout shaft 16, and further oil passage openings 8a formed on its bottom side.
  • this lower half 8 is fastened singly on the cylinder block 7 on which is integrally formed the upper half 70 through mounting bolts 400 at twenty-two points, and the oil pan 14 is fastened on the upper half 70 together with the lower half 8 through mounting bolts 401 at fifteen points, and further is fastened singly on the lower half 8 through mounting bolts 402 at five points.
  • the axial length of a bearing section (X;X′) of the upper and lower halves 70;8 respectively adapted to rotatably supporting the output shaft 16 is designed to be shorter than the length of a bearing section (Y;Y′) of the upper and lower halves 70;8 respectively adapted to rotatably support the crankshaft 6.
  • the output shaft bearing structure is more lightweight than the crankshaft bearing structure.
  • the afore-indicated design considerations render it possible to make the journal caps compact and lightweight.
  • the assembly of the bearing structure is facilitated as the heavier crankshaft supporting portion Y;Y′ is arranged lower than the lighter output shaft supporting portion. Thus, it is easy to affix the journal caps to the engine.
  • the bearing section X for rotatably supporting the output shaft 16 which is designed to be integral with the upper half 70 is shorter than the cooperating bearing section X′ for rotatably supporting the output shaft 16 which is integrally provided at the lower half 8.
  • the crankshaft 6 and the power takeout shaft 16 can be left journaled by the lower half 8 even when the oil pan is removed for maintenance operations such as renewal of the strainer 25, which serves to facilitate engine maintenance operations.
  • crankshaft 6 and the power takeout shaft 16 are integrally journaled by the bearing portion composed of the upper half 70 and the lower half 8 as described above, the rigidity of the bearing portion is increased. Therefore, positional offset is restrained from occurring between the crankshaft 6 and the power takeout shaft 16 even when being subjected to greater stress transmitted to the bearing portion of the shafts 6,16 and the fluctuation of the backlash provided between the gears 28 and 29 on the crankshaft 6 and the output shaft 16, respectively, can be restrained.
  • gears 28 and 29 can be kept appropriate even when the flywheel is provided on the output shaft 16 and, therefore, the rotational speed fluctuation of the crankshaft 6 is transmitted to the output shaft 16 without being relieved. Then, noise occurrence between gears 28 and 29 can be reduced.
  • the distance of the bearing 80 for the crankshaft 6 and the bearing 81 for the power takeout shaft 16 can also be restrained from getting increased by the deformation of the lower half 8 caused by the effect of the engine heat, and thus the backlash between gears 28 and 29 on the crankshaft 6 and the power takeout shaft 16, respectively, can be kept appropriate.
  • the oil pan 14 and the oil tank 15 are both formed of aluminium casting, and are partitioned from each other by a wall portion 14a, and the oil pan 15 is mounted on the tank mounting seat 14k of the oil pan 14.
  • This pump unit P is a pump unit having a discharge pump for sending the oil collected in the crank chamber A to the oil tank 15 and a oil feeding pump for supplying the oil collected in the oil tank 15 to various portions of the engine combined integrally with each other.
  • This pump unit P is mounted on the pump mounting portion B formed on the oil pan 14 and on the pump mounting portion C formed on the upper half 70 and the lower half 8.
  • the oil passages for communicating the discharge pump and the oil feeding pump with the oil pan 14 and the oil tank 15 are formed integrally with the oil pan 14.
  • Figure 11 is a partial sectional view of a vehicle engine unit showing another embodiment.
  • the engine unit is provided with an automatic transmission.
  • the description of the engine is not repeated.
  • a drive plate 500 On one end of the output shaft 16 is secured a drive plate 500 through bolts 501, and on this drive plate 500 is fixed, through bolts 504, a pump impeller 503 for the torque converter 502. Opposite to this pump impeller 503 is disposed a turbine runner 505, which is spline-engaged with a transmission input shaft 506, and a stator 507 is provided on the stator shaft 509 through a one-way clutch 508.
  • the rotation of the crankshaft 6 is transmitted to the output shaft 16 through gears 28 and 29, and then to the torque convertor 502 through the drive plate 500.
  • the turning effort of the pump impeller 503 is transmitted to the turbine runner 505 through fluid, through which the transmission input shaft 506 is rotated and transmits the rotation to the front wheel shaft through a planetary gear unit (not shown).
  • This torque convertor 502 constitutes an automatic transmission together with a planetary gear unit, and relieves the crankshaft rotation of its speed fluctuation like a flywheel 45 in the above-described first embodiment.
  • crankshaft structure as shown in Figures 12 to 15, it is to be noted that the crankshaft 6 is supported to journal bearings on both sides of each crankpin 12A to 12F corresponding to each cylinder.
  • the reference numerals 14A to 14G in Figure 12 denote journal portions rotatably supported by these bearings.
  • crankpins 12A to 12F are connected to the journal portions 14A to 14G through crankarms 16A to 16L for each cylinder wherein each pair of crankarms associated to a cylinder comprises a circular disk 16D,16E,16H and 16L, said disks having a relatively small thickness while the other respective crankarm of each of the pair of crankarms is designed to form a conventional counterweight 16B,16C,16F,16G,16J, respectively.
  • the crankarm pairs 16B and 16C, 16F and 16G, 16J and 16K are positioned on both sides of the journal portions 14B,14D and 14F respectively.
  • One of the disk-shaped crankarms 16E is shaped to form the gear 28 which is in mesh with the counter-gear 29 shown in phantom lines in Figure 12.
  • the thickness of said gear 28 has been increased.
  • the associated disk 16H at the opposite side of the journal portion 14E, in its thickness is considerably reduced to form a drive plate, thus enabling to increase the widths of the drive gear 28 without losing the crankshaft balance.
  • each cylinder corresponds one disk 16A,16D,16E,16H or 16L while the one "disk” 16I is shaped to form a relatively thick output gear 28 and, moreover, to each cylinder corresponds one counterweight 16B,16C,16F,16G and 16J.
  • disk 16I disks 16A,16D,16E,16H,16L and the gear 28
  • balances for all cylinders can be obtained well under the same conditions for each of the cylinders and an appropriate crankshaft balance is obtained.
  • all counterweights 16B,16C,16F,16G and 16J are of identical form which is convenient for the design and manufacturing of same.
  • each of the outer pairs of crankarms comprises such a plate disk member 16A, 16L but at least one of said outer pairs of crankarms is designed in this way.
  • the disks 16A and 16L are of identical plate form while the disks 16D and 16E are of a different bu.. identical form among each other.
  • the counterweights 16B and 16K, 16C and 16J, 16F and 16G are at the same phase, respectively.
  • disks 16A,16D,16E,16H and 16L are made to have only a small thickness, it is possible to increase the width of the gear 28 ("disk 16I") while keeping the distance in between the cylinders of the cylinder bank constant.
  • the thickness of the at least one outer plate-like disk 16A,16L can be reduced without losing the balance.
  • the length of the engine in axial direction of the crankshaft axis can be reduced even though the location of the centerline of the associated outer crankpin cannot be moved, i.e., the length l can be reduced even though a length s is fixed and cannot be varied.
  • the widths of the teeth of the gear 28 can be increased by reducing the thickness of the disk 16H resulting in B smaller than A smaller than C.
  • the enlarged width of the gear 28 provides a reduced gear noise and capability for transmitting bigger torque from the gear 28 to the gear 29.
  • the distance G is greater than the distance H even though the distance in between the crankpins are equal and fixed.
  • the hammering noise of the teeth of the gear 28 (“disk” 16I) can be reduced and the strength of the gear can be increased. Since thinner plate-like disks 16A,16L are positioned at both ends of the crankshaft, the crankcase can be made more compact. Since, on both sides of a journal portion, in this embodiment, fellow counterweights or fellow disks are disposed, the balance of the couple forces of each journal bearing can also be improved.
  • oil passages 18,18A,18B for press-feeding the lubricating oil to the journal portion 14 and to the crankpin 12 are shown. Although these oil passages are formed for each of the cylinders, they are only shown on the left-hand side in Figure 12.
  • journal portions 14 on both sides of each cylinder are provided through the crankshaft, some journal portions could also be omitted if the load operating conditions of the crankshaft allow such a design to be selected.
  • the internal combustion engine comprises a crankshaft having an output gear formed on it and a power output shaft having a counter-gear intermeshing with the output gear of the crankshaft and a flywheel or a torque converter for a manual or automatic transmission is provided on this output shaft, the crankshaft needs not to be adapted to support said fly wheel or said torque converter resulting in a considerable reduced length of the engine in a direction parallel to the crankshaft axis.
  • the bearing portion for journaling the crankshaft and the power output shaft is composed of an upper half and a lower half, each of them forming an integral unitary bearing structure for each commonly supporting the crankshaft and the output shaft, the rigidity of the bearing portion is improved and a positional offset in between the crankshaft and the power output shaft can be reduced even if considerable stress is applied on the bearing portions of both shafts. Accordingly, the backlash of the intermeshing gears on the crankshaft and the power output shaft can be kept appropriate even when the flywheel or a torque converter is supported by the output shaft. Thus, even though rotational speed fluctuations of the crankshaft are transmitted to the output shaft without being relieved, noise occurrence in between both gears (gear transmission noise) can be reduced.
  • Noise generation can also be reduced by increasing the widths of the crankshaft gear enabling to increase the amount of torque transmitted from the crankshaft to the output shaft.
  • Said objective is obtained by an advantageous specific design of the crankarms of the crankshaft in as far as one crankarm of each pair of crankarms holding an associated crankpin is formed of a circular disk having an even circumferential weight distribution while the other crankarm of every pair of crankarms is formed to be a counterweight having an uneven circumferential weight distribution.
  • the output gear of the crankshaft is formed as a substitute of one of the circular disk crankarms and the balance for each cylinder is obtained through the one counterweight for each cylinder.
  • all counterweights can be of identical form and it is not necessary to design differently said counterweights for each cylinder resulting in reduced manufacturing costs.
  • the disk-shaped crankarms of the outer pairs of crankarms to form plates, the overall length of the crankcase can be reduced rendering the engne more compact.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)

Claims (18)

  1. Brennkraftmaschine zur Queranordnung in einem Motorraum eines Kraftfahrzeugs, mit einer Kurbelwelle (6), die ein Ausgangszahnrad aufweist, und einer Leistungs-Ausgangswelle (16), die parallel zu der Kurbelwelle (6) angeordnet ist und vorgesehen ist, die Ausgangsleistung der Kurbelwelle (6) an eine Kupplungseinrichtung und/oder Getriebeeinrichtung und/oder an Zusatzeinrichtungen zu verteilen, wobei die Kurbelwelle (6) und die Ausgangswelle (16) beide durch einen gemeinsamen integral einheitlichen Lageraufbau, bestehend aus einer oberen Hälfte (70) bzw. einer unteren Hälfte (8) gelagert sind, wobei die Ausgangswelle (16) leicht vor der und über der Kurbelwelle (6) angeordnet ist, wobei deren Lagerabschnitte (X,X'), die durch die obere und untere Hälfte (70, 8) gebildet sind und die Ausgangswelle (16) drehbar lagern, so gestaltet sind, daß sie eine kürzere Länge haben als die Länge eines Lagerabschnitts (Y, Y') zur drehbaren Lagerung der Kurbelwelle (6), der auch durch die obere und untere Hälfte (70, 8) gebildet ist, und wobei die Lagerabschnitte (X, X') zur drehbaren Lagerung der Ausgangswelle (16) ein niedrigeres Gewicht als das der Lagerabschnitte (Y, Y') zur drehbaren Lagerung der Kurbelwelle (6) aufweisen.
  2. Brennkraftmaschine nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die obere Hälfte (70) integral mit einem unteren Kurbelgehäuseabschnitt des Zylinderblocks (7) ist, während die untere Hälfte (7) mit der integralen oberen Hälfte (70) des Zylinderblocks (7) verschraubt ist.
  3. Brennkraftmaschine nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die untere Hälfte (8) ein von einer Ölwanne (14) getrenntes Teil bildet, die zusammen mit der unteren Hälfte (8) an der oberen Hälfte (70) befestigt ist, die integral mit dem Kurbelgehäuse (7a) ist, das durch den unteren Abschnitt des Zylinderblocks (7) gebildet ist.
  4. Brennkraftmaschine nach zumindest einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die obere Hälfte (70) Lager (60) für die Kurbelwelle (6), ausgebildet für jeden Zylinder, Lager (61) für die Ausgangswelle (16) und außerdem Öffnungen (62) für einen Ölkanal (223) aufweist, die an der Unterseite der oberen Hälfte (70) ausgebildet sind.
  5. Brennkraftmaschine nach Anspruch 1 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die obere Hälfte (70) ein von dem Zylinderblock (7) getrenntes Teil ist.
  6. Brennkraftmaschine nach zumindest einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Zylinderblock (7) des Motors aus einem Kurbelgehäuse (7a) und einem Zylinderkörper (7b) besteht, die miteinander einstückig sind.
  7. Brennkraftmaschine nach zumindest einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die untere Hälfte (8) aus Gußeisen oder einer Aluminiumlegierung besteht, und Lager (80) für die Kurbelwelle (6) und Lager (81) für die Ausgangswelle (16) und außerdem Ölkanalöffnungen (8a) aufweist, die an der Unterseite der unteren Hälfte (8) ausgebildet sind.
  8. Brennkraftmaschine nach zumindest einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ausgangswelle (16) an ihrem einen Ende eine Zubehör-Antriebsriemenscheibe (50) lagert, das einem Kurbelwellenlager (60, 61) gegenüberliegend angeordnet ist, und an ihrem anderen Ende eine Kupplungs- und/oder Getriebeeinrichtung (45, 500) lagert.
  9. Brennkraftmaschine nach zumindest einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ausgangswelle (16) über der Kurbelwelle (6) angeordnet ist, derart, daß eine Ebene (L2), die sowohl die Achse der Kurbelwelle (6) als auch die Achse der Ausgangswelle (16) enthält, eine Ebene (L1), die die Zylinderachse der Zylinderbank enthält, in einem spitzen Winkel (α) schneidet.
  10. Brennkraftmaschine nach zumindest einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kurbelwelle (6) ein Paar Kurbelarme (16A bis 16L) für jeden Zylinder aufweist, wobei jedes Paar Kurbelarme, die jeden der Kurbelbolzen halten, eine Scheibe (16A, 16D, 16E, 16H und 16L) und ein Gegengewicht (16B, 16C, 16F, 16G und 16J) aufweisen.
  11. Brennkraftmaschine nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß einer der scheibenförmigen Kurbelarme so geformt ist, daß er ein Zahnrad (28) bildet, das mit einem Gegenzahnrad (29) in Eingriff ist, das auf der Ausgangswelle (16) angebracht ist.
  12. Brennkraftmaschine nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jeder scheibenförmige Kurbelarm (16A, 16D, 16E, 16H und 16L) als kreisförmige Scheibe ausgebildet ist, die eine über den Umfang gleichmäßige Gewichtsverteilung aufweist, während das zugeordnete Gegengewicht (16B, 16C, 16F, 16G und 16J) jedes der Kurbelarmpaare eine über den Umfang ungleichmäßige Gewichtsverteilung aufweist.
  13. Brennkraftmaschine nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Abtriebszahnrad (28) der Kurbelwelle, das mit dem Gegenzahnrad (29) der Ausgangswelle (16) in Eingriff ist, eine Breite aufweist, die größer ist als die der kreisförmigen Scheiben (16A, 16D, 16E, 16H und 16L), die die anderen Kurbelarmpaare aufweisen, und, vorzugsweise, die Dicke der Gegengewichte (16B, 16C, 16F, 16G und 16J) der Kurbelarmpaare übersteigt.
  14. Brennkraftmaschine nach zumindest einem der Ansprüche 10 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Scheibe (16H), die dem selben Lagerabschnitt (14A) wie das Zahnrad (28) zugeordnet ist, eine Breite aufweist, die geringer als jene der anderen Scheiben (16D, 16E und 16H) ist, die die Kurbelarmpaare, die zwischen den äußeren Kurbelarmpaaren (16A, 16B; 16K, 16L) an beiden Enden der Kurbelwelle (6) angeordnet sind, aufweisen.
  15. Brennkraftmaschine nach zumindest einem der Ansprüche 10 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Scheiben (16A, 16L) der äußeren Kurbelarmpaare (16A, 16B; 16K, 16L) eine axiale Breite aufweisen, die geringer ist als jene der anderen scheibenförmigen Kurbelarme (16D, 16E), mit Ausnahme der einen Scheibe (16H), die dem Zahnrad (28) gegenüberliegend an dem gleichen Achszapfenlager (14E) angeordnet ist.
  16. Brennkraftmaschine nach zumindest einem der Ansprüche 10 bis 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Abstand zwischen der Mitte des Kurbelbolzens (12E), gehalten durch das Zahnrad (28), und einem dem Zahnrad (28) zugeordneten Lagerabschnitt (14E) größer ist als der Abstand (b) zwischen dem Lagerabschnitt (14E) zu einem nächsten Kurbelbolzen (12D), der durch die Scheibe (16H) gehalten ist, die dem Zahnrad (28) gegenüberliegend angeordnet ist, obwohl die Abstände (2a) zwischen den Mitten der Kurbelbolzen (12A bis 12F) gleich und konstant sind.
  17. Brennkraftmaschine nach Anspruch 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Abstand zwischen benachbarten Kurbelwellenlagerabschnitten (14A, 14F), die beiderseits des Kurbelarmpaares (16I, 16J) angeordnet sind, das das Ausgangszahnrad (28) der Kurbelwelle (6) aufweist, größer ist als der Abstand zwischen anderen benachbarten Lagerabschnitten (14A, 14B, 14C, 14D), die die Kurbelwelle (6) lagern.
  18. Brennkraftmaschine nach zumindest einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 17, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jeder Lagerabschnitt (14A bis 14G) einen Ölkanal (18, 18A, 18B) aufweist, der durch geneigte Kanäle mit dem angrenzenden Kurbelbolzen (12A bis 12F) verbunden ist, zur Druckversorgung der Lagerabschnitte (14A bis 14G) bzw. der Kurbelbolzen (12A, 12F) mit Schmieröl.
EP90112311A 1989-07-06 1990-06-27 Fahrzeug-Brennkraftmaschine mit einem Lageraufbau für die Kurbel- und Antriebwelle Expired - Lifetime EP0411319B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP1174676A JP2802440B2 (ja) 1989-07-06 1989-07-06 車両用エンジンユニット
JP174676/89 1989-07-06
JP19564989A JP2787229B2 (ja) 1989-07-28 1989-07-28 車両用エンジンユニット
JP195649/89 1989-07-28
JP222966/89 1989-08-31
JP22296689A JPH0389013A (ja) 1989-08-31 1989-08-31 多気筒エンジンのクランク軸

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0411319A2 EP0411319A2 (de) 1991-02-06
EP0411319A3 EP0411319A3 (en) 1991-04-24
EP0411319B1 true EP0411319B1 (de) 1995-09-13

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EP90112311A Expired - Lifetime EP0411319B1 (de) 1989-07-06 1990-06-27 Fahrzeug-Brennkraftmaschine mit einem Lageraufbau für die Kurbel- und Antriebwelle

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EP (1) EP0411319B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69022329T2 (de)

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US8833328B2 (en) 2010-12-29 2014-09-16 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Structural frame
US8887703B2 (en) 2011-10-10 2014-11-18 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Integrated positive crankcase ventilation vent

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JP3999340B2 (ja) * 1997-12-10 2007-10-31 ヤマハ発動機株式会社 シリンダブロック構造
DE19843258A1 (de) 1998-09-21 2000-03-23 Volkswagen Ag Einbauanordnung einer einen Verbrennungsmotor und ein Getriebe aufweisenden Antriebseinheit eines Fahrzeuges
DE10036130A1 (de) * 2000-07-25 2002-02-07 Volkswagen Ag Zylinderkurbelgehäuse einer Brennkraftmaschine
CN109723550A (zh) * 2019-03-18 2019-05-07 张家港川梭车业有限公司 一种齿条曲轴变速传动内燃机

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Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8833328B2 (en) 2010-12-29 2014-09-16 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Structural frame
US8919301B2 (en) 2010-12-29 2014-12-30 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Cylinder block assembly
US9057340B2 (en) 2010-12-29 2015-06-16 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Cylinder block assembly
US9074553B2 (en) 2010-12-29 2015-07-07 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Cylinder block assembly
US9518532B2 (en) 2010-12-29 2016-12-13 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Internal combustion engine having structural frame
US9664138B2 (en) 2010-12-29 2017-05-30 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Cylinder block
US9771862B2 (en) 2010-12-29 2017-09-26 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Assembly for a V-engine
US10330044B2 (en) 2010-12-29 2019-06-25 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Internal combustion engine having structural frame
US10724469B2 (en) 2010-12-29 2020-07-28 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Cylinder block assembly
US8887703B2 (en) 2011-10-10 2014-11-18 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Integrated positive crankcase ventilation vent

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0411319A3 (en) 1991-04-24
DE69022329T2 (de) 1996-02-29
DE69022329D1 (de) 1995-10-19
EP0411319A2 (de) 1991-02-06

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