EP0409961A1

EP0409961A1 - Sliding insert for switching devices and for sliding surfaces for movable cross fog points, and process for fastening said sliding insert on the sliding bed of switching devices.

Info

Publication number: EP0409961A1
Application number: EP90903358A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Urs Germann
Original assignee: Magna Holding Anstalt
Current assignee: Magna Holding Anstalt
Priority date: 1989-02-10
Filing date: 1990-02-12
Publication date: 1991-01-30
Anticipated expiration: 2010-02-12
Also published as: CA2028839A1; EP0409961B1; US5127613A; FI91302B; ATE89624T1; FI91302C; ES2040594T3; WO1990009484A1; DK0409961T3; FI904977A0; DE3904026C2; DE3904026A1; DE59001478D1

Abstract

PCT No. PCT/EP90/00229 Sec. 371 Date Oct. 9, 1990 Sec. 102(e) Date Oct. 9, 1990 PCT Filed Feb. 12, 1990 PCT Pub. No. WO90/09484 PCT Pub. Date Aug. 23, 1990.The antifriction insert (1) for slide surfaces of switching devices is fixed to a base member (5) in that the base member includes a recess with grooves at both sides. At least one of the grooves has upwardly open hollows (9). The antifriction insert has projections associated with these hollows (9) so that the antifriction insert can be introduced from above into the base member (5) and then only needs to be displaced by the length of the projections in order to obtain safe securing.

Description

Sliding insert for tongue devices as well as for sliding surfaces for movable centerpiece tips, and method for fastening such a sliding insert to the sliding bed of tongue devices.

Description:

The invention relates to a sliding insert for tongue devices as well as for sliding surfaces for movable frog tips for supporting a tongue rail or frog tip movable relative to a fixedly mounted stock rail, the sliding insert being fastened to a bottom part which is immovably arranged relative to the stock rail and extending perpendicularly to the web thereof, and several has sliding elements made of self-lubricating material held in a rectangular frame.

Such a sliding insert is known from EP-A-232 726 and DE-GM 87 00 566.2.

The sliding insert consists of a sheet metal frame with openings in which sliding elements are inserted. On A tongue rail or movable centerpiece tip rests with the lower surface of these sliding elements, which protrude above the surface of the sliding block and the sheet metal frame.

For assembly, the sliding insert is in the previously mentioned

Recess inserted.

In order to be able to replace the slide insert designed in this way in the event of wear or destruction, a

Tool of the frame in which the sliding insert is arranged, raised at the front end and pulled out of the recess.

From DE-AS-26 31 594 a plastic sliding covering for rail switches is known in which a switch tongue on a switch chair covered with plastic can be slid back and forth relative to a rail and the plastic sliding covering is arranged in a recess of the switch chair so that it dominates the surface of the switch chair. The functional safety of the switch is guaranteed by the sliding of the switch tongue on the surfaces of plastic strips, because the strips always keep their flat shape due to their free mobility or all-round extensibility and do not bulge.

Furthermore, from DE-OS 34 06 726 a plastic slide plate for a rail switch with a switch chair and switch slide tongue is known, in which the switch tongue can be moved essentially in a horizontal plane on the surface of the slide plate received by the switch chair, and essentially vertically or absorbs load forces running obliquely to the horizontal through the sliding plate. The plastic sliding plate is carried on an essentially horizontally extending surface of the turnout chair and is held between its lateral boundary strips. DE-GM 19 18 253 shows a grooved rail switch, the tongue of which can be moved on a sliding insert which is carried by a base part which is fixed to both the running rail and the side rail. The sliding insert is fixed on both sides in a dovetail guide. An exchange is therefore only possible by pushing in lengthwise, for which the entire grooved rail must be completely disassembled.

OE-PS 319 990 shows a centerpiece with a movable centerpiece tip that slides on a wear plate. This wear plate must be lubricated at regular intervals * Lg. This document does not show how this wear plate is attached to the centerpiece.

The DE-PS 438 513 shows a support for point blades for grooved rail switches, in which the Zungenfu ^'ß wider

20 is as the track groove. So that the switch tongue can be inserted into the grooved rail, a recess is provided at the head of the side rail, which allows the switch tongue to be inserted laterally and then tilted.

25

Sliding pads of the type mentioned are wear parts - even with a long service life - that have to be replaced from time to time. This replacement is quite complex with all known sliding inserts. Also

30 in the case of the dovetail guide of DE-GM 27 247, the sliding insert must be pulled out or struck over its entire length from the dovetail guide, which is very difficult in practice after the sliding insert has been lying in the track for a long time, since it is contaminated

35 and possibly also corrosion the sliding insert can hardly be moved in the dovetail guide. Due to the limited space in the case of grooved rail switches, removal and reinstallation is special difficult and in most cases requires complete dismantling of the switch.

The object of the invention is therefore to provide a maintenance-free sliding insert that can be easily replaced.

This object is achieved with a sliding insert of the type mentioned in that the bottom part has a rectangular recess for receiving the frame, that this recess has undercut grooves on its two sides running perpendicular to the stock rail, that the frame on at least one of its perpendicular to the stock rail extending sides has a projection that at least one of the grooves has at least one upwardly open recess for receiving the associated projection and that the recess is arranged in the longitudinal direction of the groove so that the projection is offset from the recess when the slide insert is fully assembled.

In procedural terms, this object is achieved in that the sliding insert, with its one side running perpendicular to the stock rail, is inserted obliquely from above into the one groove, that the sliding insert is then tilted into the horizontal position, with its projection inserted into the recess in the other groove and that the sliding insert is finally advanced and locked in the direction of the stock rail.

Accordingly, the sliding insert no longer has to be displaced over its entire length relative to the base part, but only by the length of the projections, which considerably reduces the effort. This is due to various factors:

The friction forces for moving the sliding insert are lower, since only the protrusions are effective friction surfaces and thus seize through Pollution etc. occurs less frequently; the displacement path is smaller, which has the additional advantage that even with narrow installation conditions, in particular with tongue rails of grooved rails, it is possible to easily replace the sliding insert without having to dismantle the entire tongue device. Nevertheless, the slide insert is securely fastened to the base part.

According to one aspect of the invention, the projections or recesses are only on one side of the sliding insert, while on the other side the groove in the bottom part runs through the entire length.

According to a further aspect of the invention, it has proven to be particularly favorable if three projections are provided on the sliding insert and, accordingly, three recesses are provided on the groove of the base part.

Further advantageous refinements and developments of the invention can be found in the subclaims.

The invention thus creates a sliding insert for tongue devices that can be easily replaced, even with tongue devices of grooved rails, where space is limited. Due to the materials used, this sliding insert is maintenance-free and does not need to be lubricated. Lubrication has the disadvantage that, when heated, the lubricant at least partially evaporates and, if necessary, resinifies, so that in individual cases new lubricant has to be applied up to twice a day. Some of the lubricant also gets into the groundwater, which is extremely problematic with the oil-containing lubricants. The self-lubricating effect is achieved in that the sliding elements are made of self-lubricating sliding metal, in particular graphite bronze, whose coefficient of friction is in Comparative tests of up to 1 million strokes have proven to be constant. These sliding elements are designed as rondelles, which are inserted in a frame of the sliding insert in pocket openings in the form of a tight fit.

When designing the sliding insert for tongue devices of grooved rails, the water channel usually present in grooved rails is used for the assembly and disassembly, the width of which corresponds approximately to the width of one of the projections on the frame of the sliding insert.

The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of exemplary embodiments in connection with the drawing. It shows:

1 shows a cross section of the grooved rail tongue device with the base part and the sliding insert; and

Fig. 2 is a section along the line B-C of Figure 1 in plan view of the grooved rail.

3 shows a plan view of a first embodiment of a sliding insert;

Fig. 4 is a plan view of a second, preferred embodiment of the sliding insert; and

5 shows a cross section of the sliding insert of FIG. 4.

The invention is described below in connection with a sliding insert for the tongue device of a grooved rail. However, it should be pointed out that the invention can be applied to any type of tongue device, that is to say also to so-called open tongue devices. _l Fig. 1 shows a grooved rail, comprising a

Stock rail 2 and an insert or protective rail 4. The stock rail 2 and the insert rail 4 each have a head 2a or 4a, which is downward to one

5 web 2b or 4b tapered. Both webs 2b and 4b have, at their section facing away from the respective head 2a, 4a, vertically formed projections 2d, 4d, on which the lower surface of a base part 5 of the sliding bed partially rests. In order to firmly connect the stock rail 2 and the _Q insert rail 4 to each other, this is

Bottom part 5 welded to the shoulders 2d and 4d of the webs 2b and 4b. At the same time, the foot 2c of the stock rail 2 and the foot 4c of the shim 4 are welded to a base plate 17. 5

Between the heads 2a and 4a of the stock rail 2 and the shim rail 4, in addition to a tongue rail 3, a free space is formed which, in the case of grooved rail tongue devices, serves to track the wheel flange of a rail vehicle, in particular a tram, for guiding the wheel set in a track to record, as is the case with conventional pavers with single sliding chairs and grooved rail-tongue devices. Thus, within the space thus formed, the wheel flange can move in the longitudinal direction in the tongue device without problems.

A tongue rail 3 of a switch is arranged between the free space formed by the heads 2a and 4a and during operation 0 can optionally be placed on one or the other head 2a, 4a. Since, depending on the direction of travel, the wheel of a rail vehicle rests on the surface of the tongue rail 3 or not, the weight forces acting on the tongue rail 3 must be absorbed by the base part 5 of the slide bed. A sliding insert 1 is arranged on the upper side of the bottom part 5, which provides the frictional force caused by the movement of the tongue rail 3 when the switch is moved 1 significantly reduces.

The sliding insert 1 has pocket openings or openings in which sliding elements 6 are inserted with a tight fit. 5 These sliding elements 6 consist of self-lubricating sliding metal, in particular of graphite bronze, and preferably protrude above the surface of the sliding insert 1. They are designed as rondelles, which are arranged I _Q offset in the longitudinal direction of the sliding insert 5. The tongue rail 3 lies with its surface opposite the wheel support on the surface of the sliding elements 6.

In the cross section of FIG. 1, which shows the sliding insert in the installed state, the sliding insert 1 lies flat on the bottom part 5 and is brought with its one section 11 into contact with the inside of the web 2b of the stock rail 2. The opposite end section 12 of the sliding insert is in one

20 distance to the inside of the web 4b of the shim, this distance forming a channel 13. This channel is used to drain water.

There are one in each of the sliding insert and the bottom part

25 holes 14 and 15 attached, which are aligned when installed. A locking bolt (not shown) can be inserted into this bore. Below the bottom part there is a free space 16 delimited by the base plate 17

30 bottom part 5 and the webs of the two rails 2 and 4 limited, upwardly open interior of the Zungenvorrich¬ device is designated by the reference numeral 18.

Fig. 2 shows a section along the line B-C of Fig.

35 1. The sliding insert 1 consists of a frame 7 with sliding elements 6 attached thereto. In this exemplary embodiment, there are three at a distance from one another on the two longer sides of the frame 7 arranged, outwardly projecting projections provided. The base part 5 has a rectangular recess, the two sides of which run perpendicular to the stock rail have undercut grooves 10 which are preferably wedge-shaped or dovetail-shaped in cross section. The grooves have upwardly open recesses 9 which are so large that the projections 8 of the frame can be inserted from above. The recesses 9 are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the grooves so that the projections 8 in the fully assembled position of the sliding insert 1, in which the end section 11 rests on the stock rail 2, are displaced with respect to the recesses 9 and are thus held in the grooves 10 .

The length of the projections 8 in the insertion direction is equal to or less than the width of the channel 13. In the exemplary embodiment for tongue devices of grooved rails, the length of the diagonals of the sliding inserts 1 is smaller than the distance between the webs 2b and 4b of the two rails 2 and 4 , so that the sliding insert 1 can be rotated by 90 ° in the horizontal plane (drawing plane 'of FIG. 2). Furthermore, the width of the sliding insert is approximately equal to the distance between the two heads 2a and 4a, so that the sliding insert 1 can be inserted into the space 18 from above.

The sliding insert is assembled using the following steps: First, the sliding insert 1 is inserted from above into the free space 18 formed between the heads 2a and 4a of the two rails 2 and 4, the sliding insert being oriented such that its two longer sides run approximately parallel to the longitudinal direction of the two rails 2 and 4. The sliding insert can be tilted with respect to the plane of the bottom part 5, so that it fits between the two heads 2a and 4a of the two rails 2 and 4. As soon as the sliding insert on the is inserted past both heads 2a and 4a into the space 18, it is rotated parallel to the plane formed by the base part 5 by 90 ° and aligned so that the projections 8 lie over the recesses 9. The sliding inserts are then lowered and then advanced in the direction of the stock rail 2, so that the projections 8 engage in the undercut grooves 10. The end position is reached when the front section 11 of the sliding insert comes to a stop on the web of the stock rail. Then the bores 14 and 15 are also aligned and the securing bolt can be driven in. Of course, the tongue rail 3 is not installed during these operations.

Instead of the securing bolt, another securing device can also be provided, for example by a securing element arranged in the area of the channel 13, which presses the sliding insert 1 against the stock rail 2. This element can be a spring, for example, which is supported on the web 4b of the shim 4 and the end section 12 of the sliding insert.

The sliding insert is removed in the reverse order. First the securing element is removed. If a bolt is used as the securing element, it is knocked down into space 16. The sliding plate is then moved in the direction of the shim 4 until the projections 8 are aligned with the recesses 9 and the sliding insert 1 can be lifted upwards. It can be seen that the displacement path required for disassembly is very small, which makes disassembly easier.

Fig. 3 shows a plan view of the sliding insert 1 of Figs. 1 and 2. This embodiment is essentially characterized in that there are three projections 8 on both longer sides of the frame 7. FIG. 4 shows a top view of a second exemplary embodiment of the sliding insert similar to FIG. 3. The sliding insert here has three projections 8 on only one side, while on the opposite side it has a bevel 19 extending over the entire longitudinal direction. Correspondingly, the base part 5 then has a continuous groove on one side, while the groove arranged on the opposite side has the three recesses 9. The sliding insert is in this case, after appropriate alignment with respect to the bottom part 5, initially inserted obliquely from above such that the bevel 19 engages in its associated groove. Only then is the sliding insert tipped down into the horizontal position, the projections 8 then being inserted into the cutouts 9 (see FIG. 3). The remaining steps are carried out in the manner described.

Fig. 5 shows a cross section of the sliding insert seen along the section line E-F. From this it can be seen that both long sides of the sliding insert are chamfered from the top, corresponding to the shape of the grooves (10) in the bottom part 5. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the bevels 19 run continuously straight from the top of the sliding insert to the bottom. The resulting tip can be broken by a chamfer 20 in order to ensure an easier displacement of the sliding insert relative to the base part 5.

Claims

/ lPatent claims:

1. Slide insert for tongue devices as well as for slide surfaces for movable frog tips for supporting a tongue rails (3) or frog tip movable with respect to a fixedly mounted stock rail (2), the slide insert (1) being arranged on an immovable relative to the stock rail (2) and to the web (2b) of which the bottom part (5) runs vertically and has several sliding elements (6) made of self-lubricating material held in a rectangular frame (7), - ^■ characterized in that the bottom part (5) has a rectangular recess for receiving the frame (7), that this recess has undercut grooves (10) on its two sides perpendicular to the 5 stock rail (2), that the frame (7) on at least one of its sides perpendicular to the stock rail (2) has a projection (8) that at least one of the grooves (10) has at least one upwardly open recess (9) for receiving the associated projection (8) and that the recess is arranged in the longitudinal direction of the groove (10) so that when the slide insert (1) is fully assembled, the projection (8) is opposite the recess

(9) is arranged offset.

2. A sliding insert according to claim 1, characterized in that only one of the grooves (10) has at least 0 a recess (9) and that the frame (7) has the at least one projection (8) on only one side.

3. sliding insert according to claim 2, characterized in that the frame (7) has three projections (8) and

Groove (10) corresponding to three recesses (9) -.

4. sliding insert according to one of claims 1 to 3, 0 characterized in that the projections (8) and

Grooves (10) are dovetail-shaped in cross section.

5. sliding insert according to one of claims 1 to 4, 5, characterized in that at least one Verriege¬ treatment element for locking the frame (7) with respect to the bottom part (5) is provided. - 6. A sliding insert according to claim 5, characterized in that the locking element is a bolt which can be inserted into a bore (14, 15) passing through the frame (7) and the base part (5)

⁵ is.

7. sliding insert according to claim 5, characterized gekennzeich¬ net that the locking element is a spring which presses the frame (7) against the stock rail (2).

8. sliding insert according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the sliding insert for use in grooved rail tongue devices consisting of the stock rail (2) and a parallel insert rail (4) is designed such that the length of the longest diagonal of the sliding insert (1 ) is smaller than the distance between the webs (2b, 4b) of the stock rail (2) and the shim rail (4).

9. A method for fastening a sliding insert (1) according to the preceding claims on the sliding bed of tongue devices or sliding surfaces for 5 movable frog tips, characterized in that the sliding insert with its one, perpendicular to

- Side rail extending obliquely from above into which a groove is inserted so that the sliding insert is then tilted into the horizontal position, its projection in the

Recess of the other groove is inserted and that finally the sliding insert is advanced and locked in the direction of the stock rail.

5 10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that for fastening the sliding insert to the tongue device of a grooved rail, first the sliding insert with its opposite longer sides parallel to the heads of the cheek and the side rail in the direction of the sliding bed is inserted into an interior formed by the rails, that the sliding insert is rotated at the level of the webs of the rails in the horizontal plane by about 90 ° and that the assembly steps according to claim 9 are carried out.