EP0406826A1 - Lubricant composition - Google Patents
Lubricant composition Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0406826A1 EP0406826A1 EP90112762A EP90112762A EP0406826A1 EP 0406826 A1 EP0406826 A1 EP 0406826A1 EP 90112762 A EP90112762 A EP 90112762A EP 90112762 A EP90112762 A EP 90112762A EP 0406826 A1 EP0406826 A1 EP 0406826A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- alkyl
- formula
- hydrogen
- group
- phenyl
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 0 CC1*CCC1 Chemical compound CC1*CCC1 0.000 description 3
- ISRXMEYARGEVIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(C)N(C)C(C)C Chemical compound CC(C)N(C)C(C)C ISRXMEYARGEVIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DEUVXUTTWDBSRD-FNORWQNLSA-N CC(N)=C=C/C(/O)=C\[I]=C Chemical compound CC(N)=C=C/C(/O)=C\[I]=C DEUVXUTTWDBSRD-FNORWQNLSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M141/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M141/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being an organic sulfur-, selenium- or tellurium-containing compound
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
- C10M129/04—Hydroxy compounds
- C10M129/10—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
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- C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
- C10M129/68—Esters
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- C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
- C10M133/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
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- C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
- C10M133/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
- C10M133/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
- C10M133/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M133/08—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups
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- C10M133/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
- C10M133/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
- C10M133/12—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
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- C10M133/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
- C10M133/16—Amides; Imides
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- C10M133/38—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
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- C10M133/38—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
- C10M133/40—Six-membered ring containing nitrogen and carbon only
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- C10M133/38—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
- C10M133/40—Six-membered ring containing nitrogen and carbon only
- C10M133/42—Triazines
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- C10M135/20—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides
- C10M135/22—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
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- C10M135/20—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides
- C10M135/22—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M135/24—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups; Derivatives thereof
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- C10M135/20—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides
- C10M135/22—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M135/26—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing carboxyl groups; Derivatives thereof
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- C10M135/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
- C10M135/20—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides
- C10M135/28—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides containing sulfur atoms bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
- C10M135/30—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides containing sulfur atoms bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring containing hydroxy groups; Derivatives thereof
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- C10M141/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M141/06—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being an organic nitrogen-containing compound
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- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/04—Elements
- C10M2201/041—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black
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- C10M2201/041—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black
- C10M2201/042—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black halogenated, i.e. graphite fluoride
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- C10M2201/066—Molybdenum sulfide
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- C10M2203/06—Well-defined aromatic compounds
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- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
- C10M2205/026—Butene
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- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/08—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals
- C10M2219/082—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2219/087—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups; Derivatives thereof, e.g. sulfurised phenols
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to lubricant compositions that are stabilized against oxidative degradation. Stabilization is achieved by adding at least two specific additives.
- Organic antioxidants for lubricants are primarily organic sulfur and phosphorus compounds, but also aromatic amines and phenols, especially sterically hindered phenols (see, for example, Ullmanns Encyklopadie der Technische Chemie, 4th edition, Verlag Chemie, Volume 20 (1981); page 541- 43).
- Sterically hindered amines have also been proposed as stabilizers for lubricating oils, e.g. in US-A-4 069 199 or JP-A-85/28496.
- EP-A-356 677 proposes mixtures of aromatic amines and sterically hindered amines as antioxidants for lubricants, it also being possible to add phenolic antioxidants to these mixtures.
- the weight ratio of (B) to (C) is preferably 1: 1 to 1: 100, in particular 1: 3 to 1:20.
- the sum of (B) and (C) is preferably 0.05 to 5% by weight, in particular 0.1 to 3% by weight, of (A).
- a and B as C1-C24 alkyl can be linear or branched alkyl, e.g. Methyl, ethyl, i-propyl, t-butyl, s-butyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, n-hexyl, i-hexyl, t-hexyl, i-heptyl, n-octyl, t-octyl, s- Decyl, s-dodecyl, n-dodecyl, s-tetradecyl, n-hexadecyl, n-octadecyl, s-octadecyl or n-eikosyl.
- a and B as cycloalkyl can e.g. Cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl or cyclooctyl, especially cyclohexyl.
- a and B as phenylalkyl can e.g. Be benzyl, phenylethyl, phenylpropyl or ⁇ , ⁇ -dimethylbenzyl.
- R5 and R6 as C1-C12 alkyl can be, for example, methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, octyl, decyl or dodecyl.
- R1, R2, R3 and R8 as C1-C18 alkyl can also be, for example, tetradecyl, hexadecyl or octadecyl.
- R4 as C1-C24 alkyl can also be, for example, eikosyl or tetraeikosyl.
- the index a is preferably 0, 1 or 2, in particular 0 or 1; b is preferably 0, 1 or 2, in particular 1 or 2; q is preferably 1 or 2, in particular 1.
- Component (A) is a mineral or synthetic base oil, as is common for the preparation of lubricants.
- Synthetic oils can e.g. Esters of polycarboxylic acids or of polyols, they can be aliphatic polyesters or poly- ⁇ -olefins, silicones, phosphoric acid esters or polyalkylene glycols.
- the lubricant can also be a grease based on an oil and a thickener. Such lubricants are e.g. described in D. Klamann "Lubricants and related products", Verlag Chemie, Weinheim 1982.
- Component (B) can be any cyclic or non-cyclic, preferably cyclic, hindered amine.
- (B) is preferably a compound which contains at least one group of the formula II, where R is hydrogen or methyl. R is preferably hydrogen.
- R is hydrogen or methyl.
- R is preferably hydrogen.
- These are derivatives of polyalkylpiperidines, in particular 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine. These compounds preferably bear one or two polar substituents or a polar spiro ring system in the 4-position of the piperidine ring. These compounds can be low molecular weight or oligomeric or polymeric compounds.
- n is a number from 1 to 4, preferably 1 or 2
- R is hydrogen or methyl
- R11 is hydrogen, oxyl, hydroxyl, C1-C12-alkyl, C3-C8 alkenyl, C3-C8-alkynyl, C7-C12-aralkyl , C1-C18 alkoxy, C5-C8-cycloalkoxy, C7-C9-phenylalkoxy, C1-C8-alkanoyl, C3-C5-alkenoyl, C1-C18-alkanoyloxy, benzyloxy, glycidyl or a group -CH2CH (OH) -Z , in which Z is hydrogen, methyl or phenyl, where R11 is preferably H, C1-C4-alkyl, allyl, benzyl, acetyl or acryloyl and R12, when n is 1, is hydrogen, C
- substituents are C1-C12-alkyl, they represent e.g. Methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, n-hexyl, n-octyl, 2-ethyl-hexyl, n-nonyl, n-decyl, n-undecyl or n- Dodecyl.
- R11 or R12 can e.g. represent the groups listed above and, for example, n-tridecyl, n-tetradecyl, n-hexadecyl or n-octadecyl.
- R11 is C3-C8-alkenyl, it can e.g. 1-propenyl, allyl, methallyl, 2-butenyl, 2-pentenyl, 2-hexenyl, 2-octenyl, 4-tert. Act butyl-2-butenyl.
- R11 is preferably as C3-C8 alkynyl propargyl.
- R11 is especially phenethyl and especially benzyl.
- R11 is as C1-C8 alkanoyl, for example formyl, propionyl, butyryl, octanoyl, but preferably acetyl and as C3-C5-alkenoyl in particular acryloyl.
- R12 is a monovalent radical of a carboxylic acid, it is, for example, acetic, caproic, stearic, acrylic, methacrylic, benzoic or ⁇ - (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) - propionic acid residue.
- R 12 is a divalent radical of a dicarboxylic acid, it represents, for example, malonic, succinic, glutaric, adipic, suberic, sebacic, maleic, itaconic, phthalic, dibutylmalonic, dibenzylmalonic, butyl (3 , 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) -malonic acid or bicycloheptenedicarboxylic acid residue.
- R 12 represents a trivalent carboxylic acid residue, it means, for example, a trimellitic acid, citric acid or nitrilotriacetic acid residue.
- R 12 represents a tetravalent radical of a tetracarboxylic acid, it means e.g. the tetravalent residue of butane-1,2,3,4-tetracarboxylic acid or of pyromellitic acid.
- R12 is a divalent radical of a dicarbamic acid, it represents, for example, a hexamethylene dicarbamic acid or a 2,4-tolylene dicarbamic acid radical.
- Preferred compounds of the formula III are those in which R is hydrogen, R11 is hydrogen or methyl, n is 1 and R12 is C1-C18-alkyl or n is 2 and R12 is the diacyl radical of an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid having 4-12 C atoms.
- R13 is hydrogen, C1-C12-alkyl, C2-C5-hydroxyalkyl, C5-C7-cycloalkyl, C7-C8-aralkyl, C2-C18 -Alkanoyl, C3-C5-alkenoyl, benzoyl or a group of the formula is and R14 when n is 1, hydrogen, C1-C18-alkyl, C3-C8-alkenyl, C5-C7-cycloalkyl, C1-C4-alkyl, glycidyl substituted with a hydroxy, cyano, alkoxycarbonyl or carbamide group, one Group of the formula -CH2-CH (OH) -Z or the formula -CONH-Z, wherein Z is hydrogen, methyl or phenyl; when n is 2, C2-C12 alkylene, C6-C12
- any substituents are C5-C7-cycloalkyl, they represent in particular cyclohexyl.
- R13 is especially phenylethyl or especially benzyl.
- R13 is in particular 2-hydroxyethyl or 2-hydroxypropyl.
- R13 is as C2-C18 alkanoyl, for example propionyl, butyryl, octanoyl, dodecanoyl, hexadecanoyl, octadecanoyl, but preferably acetyl and as C3-C5-alkenoyl in particular acryloyl.
- R14 is C2-C8 alkenyl, then it is e.g. allyl, methallyl, 2-butenyl, 2-pentenyl, 2-hexenyl or 2-octenyl.
- R14 as a C1-C4-alkyl substituted with a hydroxy, cyano, alkoxycarbonyl or carbamide group can be, for example, 2-hydroxyethyl, 2-hydroxypropyl, 2-cyanoethyl, methoxycarbonylmethyl, 2-ethoxycarbonylethyl, 2-aminocarbonylpropyl or 2- (dimethylaminocarbonyl) - be ethyl.
- substituents are C2-C12 alkylene, they are e.g. around ethylene, propylene, 2,2-dimethylpropylene, tetramethylene, hexamethylene, octamethylene, decamethylene or dodecamethylene.
- substituents are C6-C15 arylene, they represent e.g. o-, m- or p-phenylene, 1,4-naphthylene or 4,4'-diphenylene.
- D is especially cyclohexylene.
- n is the number 1 or 2
- R and R11 have the meaning given under a) and R15, if n is 1, C2-C8-alkylene or hydroxyalkylene or C4-C22-acyloxyalkylene, if n is 2, the group ( -CH2) 2C means (CH2-) 2.
- R15 means C2-C8 alkylene or hydroxyalkylene, it represents, for example, ethylene, 1-methyl-ethylene, propylene, 2-ethyl-propylene or 2-ethyl-2-hydroxymethylpropylene.
- R15 means e.g. 2-ethyl-2-acetoxymethylpropylene.
- R16 is hydrogen, C1-C12-alkyl, allyl, benzyl, glycidyl or C2-C6-alkoxyalkyl and R17, if n is 1, is hydrogen , C1-C12-alkyl, C3-C5-alkenyl, C7-C9-aralkyl, C5-C7 cycloalkyl, C2-C4-hydroxyalkyl, C2-C6-alkoxyalkyl, C6-C10-aryl, glycidyl or a group of the formula - ( CH2) p -COO-Q or of the formula - (CH2) p -O-CO-Q, where p is 1 or 2 and Q is C1-C4 alkyl or phenyl, if n is 2, C2-C12 alkylene, C4- C
- substituents are C1-C12-alkyl, they represent e.g. Methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, n-hexyl, n-octyl, 2-ethyl-hexyl, n-nonyl, n-decyl, n-undecyl or n- Dodecyl.
- C1-C18 alkyl can e.g. represent the groups listed above and, for example, n-tridecyl, n-tetradecyl, n-hexadecyl or n-octadecyl.
- substituents are C2-C6alkoxyalkyl, they are e.g. Methoxymethyl, ethoxymethyl, propoxymethyl, tert-butoxymethyl, ethoxyethyl, ethoxypropyl, n-butoxyethyl, tert-butoxyethyl, isopropoxyethyl or propoxypropyl.
- R17 represents C3-C5-alkenyl, it means for example 1-propenyl, allyl, methallyl, 2-butenyl or 2-pentenyl.
- R17, T1 and T2 are especially phenethyl or especially benzyl. If T1 and T2 form a cycloalkane ring together with the C atom, this can e.g. be a cyclopentane, cyclohexane, cyclooctane or cyclododecane ring.
- R17 is C2-C4-hydroxyalkyl, it is e.g. 2-hydroxyethyl, 2-hydroxypropyl, 2-hydroxybutyl or 4-hydroxybutyl.
- R17, T1 and T2 are in particular phenyl, ⁇ - or ⁇ -naphthyl, which are optionally substituted by halogen or C1-C4-alkyl.
- R17 is C2-C12 alkylene, it is e.g. around ethylene, propylene, 2,2-dimethylpropylene, tetramethylene, hexamethylene, octamethylene, decamethylene or dodecamethylene.
- R17 means in particular 2-butenylene, 2-pentenylene or 3-hexenylene.
- R17 means C6-C12 arylene, it represents, for example, o-, m- or p-phenylene, 1,4-naphthylene or 4,4'-diphenylene.
- Z 'means C2-C12 alkanoyl, for example propionyl, butyryl, octanoyl, dodecanoyl, but preferably acetyl.
- D as C2-C10 alkylene, C6-C15 arylene or C6-C12 cycloalkylene has the meaning given under b).
- n is the number 1 or 2 and R18 is a group of the formula means in which R and R11 have the meaning given under a)
- E is -O- or -NR21-
- A is C2-C6-alkylene or - (CH2) 3-O- and x is the number 0 or 1
- R19 is the same R18 or one of the groups -NR21R22, -OR23, -NHCH2OR23 or -N (CH2OR23) 2,
- substituents are C1-C12-alkyl, they are, for example, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, n-hexyl, n-octyl, 2-ethylhexyl, n-nonyl , n-decyl, n-undecyl or n-dodecyl.
- substituents are C1-C4-hydroxyalkyl, they represent e.g. 2-hydroxyethyl, 2-hydroxypropyl, 3-hydroxypropyl, 2-hydroxybutyl or 4-hydroxybutyl.
- R21 and R22 together represent C4-C5-alkylene or -oxaalkylene, this means e.g. Tetramethylene, pentamethylene or 3-oxapentamethylene.
- polyalkylpiperidine compounds of this class are the compounds of the following formulas:
- oligomers or polymeric compounds whose recurring structural unit contains a 2,2,6,6-tetraalkylpiperidine radical of the formula (I), in particular polyesters, polyethers, polyamides, polyamines, polyurethanes, polyureas, polyaminotriazines, poly (meth) acrylates, poly ( meth) acrylamides and their copolymers which contain such radicals.
- 2,2,6,6-polyalkylpiperidine light stabilizers of this class are the compounds of the following formulas, where m is a number from 2 to about 200.
- R is hydrogen or methyl and R 11 is hydrogen or methyl.
- the polyalkylpiperidines are known compounds and are used as light stabilizers for organic materials. Some of them are commercially available.
- Component (C) is a phenolic antioxidant.
- Preferred (C) is a compound of formula I, wherein A is hydrogen, C1-C8-alkyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl or a group means B is C1-C8-alkyl, cyclohexyl or phenyl, X C1-C8-alkyl or one of the groups -C a H 2a -S-R2, -C b H 2b -COOR3, -CH2N (R10) (R11) or means R2 is C1-C12-alkyl, phenyl or a group - (CH2) c -COOR4, R3 C1-C18 alkyl or a group is wherein Q is C2-C6-alkylene, -CH2CH2SCH2CH2- or -CH2CH2 (OCH2CH2) d -, R4 is C1-C18 alkyl, R10 and R11 are independently C1-
- a class which is particularly suitable as component (C) are the compounds of the formula I in which A and B independently of one another are C1-C4alkyl, X is a group -C a H 2a -S q -R2, a is 0 or 1, q is 1 or 2, R2 is C4-C18-alkyl, phenyl or -CH2-CO-OR und and R4 is C1-C18-alkyl, in particular the compounds of the formula I, in which A and B independently of one another are C1-C4-alkyl , X is -CH2-S-R2, R2 is C8-C12-alkyl or -CH2-CO-OR4 and R4 is C8-C18-alkyl.
- Particularly preferred in this class are compounds of the formula I in which A and B are tert-butyl and X is -CH2SCH2COO (C8-C13-alkyl).
- component (C) Another class particularly suitable as component (C) are the compounds of the formula I in which A and B independently of one another are C1-C4alkyl, X is a group -C b H 2b -CO-OR3, b is 1 or 2 and R3 is one of the groups means especially the compounds of formula I, wherein X is a group - (CH2) 2-CO-OR3 and R3 is a group means.
- component (C) Another class particularly suitable as component (C) are the methylene bisphenols of the formula wherein A, B and X are independently C1-C4 alkyl.
- Mixtures of polyphenols such as are obtained by reacting at least one dialkylated phenol of the formula, are also particularly suitable as component (C) with at least one monoalkylated phenol of the formula and formaldehyde or paraformaldehyde is obtained, where C, D and E are independently C1-C4-alkyl.
- the resulting mixtures mainly contain diphenols and triphenols.
- Examples of compounds of the formula I are: Tridecyl 4- (4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl) -3-thiabutyrate 3-thia-1,5-pentadiol-di [3- (4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl)] propionate Di (3-thiapentadecyl) di (4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl) malonate Octadecyl 4- (4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl) -3-thiabutyrate 4- (2-thiapropyl) -2,6-di-tert-butylphenol Octadecyl 3- (4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl) propionate 3-thiapentadecyl-3- (4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl) propionate Di (4-hydroxy-3,
- butylphenol 4,4'-methylene-bis [2-tert. butyl-4- (4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylbenzyl) phenol] 4-dimethylaminomethyl-2,6-di-tert. butylphenol 4-dibutylamino-methyl-2-methyl-6-tert. butylphenol N-Di (4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylbenzyl) octylamine
- compositions are those in which (B) is a compound of formula IX or X, wherein n is 1 or 2, R11 is hydrogen or methyl and Y, when n is 1, means -O (C8-C15-alkyl), and when n is 2, a group -NH- (CH2) 6-NH- or Means -O-CO- (CH2) m -CO-O-, wherein m is 2-8, and (C) is a compound of formula I wherein A is hydrogen, C1-C4 alkyl or a group means B is C1-C4-alkyl, x C1-C4-alkyl or one of the groups -CH2-S-R2, -CH2CH2COOR3, -CH2N (R10) (R11) or means R2 is C1-C18 alkyl or - (CH2) 2-COOR4, R3 C1-C18 alkyl or means R4 is C1-C18 alkyl and R10 and R11 are
- Components (B) and (C) can be added directly to the base oil or first (B) and (C) are dissolved in a small amount of base oil, optionally with heating, and the solution is mixed with the remaining amount of the oil.
- a concentrated solution of (B) and (C) in a solvent can also be added to the oil.
- the lubricant composition may additionally contain other additives such as e.g. Phosphorus III esters, metal deactivators, rust inhibitors, viscosity index improvers, pour point depressants, dispersants, surfactants and / or wear protection additives.
- additives e.g. Phosphorus III esters, metal deactivators, rust inhibitors, viscosity index improvers, pour point depressants, dispersants, surfactants and / or wear protection additives.
- Examples of phosphorus III esters are: Triphenyl phosphite, decyl diphenyl phosphite, phenyl didecyl phosphite, tris (nonylphenyl) phosphite, trilauryl phosphite, trioctadecyl phosphite, distearyl pentaerythritol diphosphite, tris- (2,4-di-tert.butylphenyl) phosphite, diisodhritol bisdi 4-di-tert.butylphenyl) pentaerythritol diphosphite, tristearyl sorbitol triphosphite, tetrakis (2,4-di-tert.butylphenyl) -4,4′-biphenylene diphosphonite, bis- (2,6-di-tert .butyl-4-methyl
- metal deactivators for example for copper
- Triazoles Triazoles, benzotriazoles and their derivatives, tolutriazoles and their derivatives, 2-mercaptobenzthiazole, 2-mercaptobenztriazole, 2,5-dimercaptobenztriazole, 2,5-dimercaptobenzthiadiazole, 5,5'-methylenebisbenzotriazole, 4,5,6,7-tetrahydrobenztriazole, salicylides -propylenediamine, salicylaminoguanidine and its salts.
- viscosity index improvers are: Polyacrylates, polymethacrylates, vinyl pyrrolidone / methacrylate copolymers, polyvinyl pyrrolidones, polybutenes, olefin copolymers, styrene / acrylate copolymers, polyethers.
- pour point depressants are: Polymethacrylate, alkylated naphthalene derivatives.
- dispersants / surfactants are: Polybutenylsuccinic acid amides or imides, polybutenylphosphonic acid derivatives, basic magnesium, calcium and barium sulfonates and phenolates.
- wear protection additives are: Compounds containing sulfur and / or phosphorus and / or halogen, such as sulfurized vegetable oils, zinc dialkyldithiophosphates, tritolyl phosphate, chlorinated paraffins, alkyl and aryl di- and tri-sulfides, triphenyl phosphorothionates, diethanolaminomethyltolyltriazole, di (2-ethyltylylolyl) aminol.
- sulfurized vegetable oils such as sulfurized vegetable oils, zinc dialkyldithiophosphates, tritolyl phosphate, chlorinated paraffins, alkyl and aryl di- and tri-sulfides, triphenyl phosphorothionates, diethanolaminomethyltolyltriazole, di (2-ethyltylylolyl) aminol.
- the lubricant can also contain solid lubricants, e.g. Graphite or molybdenum sulfide.
- the oxidation behavior of lubricating oils stabilized according to the invention is tested according to the TOST method (turbine oxidation stability test) in accordance with ASTM D-943.
- a mineral oil Mobil STOCK 305 containing 0.05% of a corrosion inhibitor (Reocor® 12) are mixed with 60 ml of water and heated to 95 ° C for 1000 hours in the presence of iron and copper wire while passing oxygen through .
- the total amount of stabilizers is 0.25%, based on the oil.
- the composition of the stabilizer mixture is varied. The results are shown in Table 1.
- the oxidation resistance of the oils stabilized according to the invention is measured in a differential scanning calorimeter.
- a base oil with 0.025% iron (III) acetylacetonate (as an oxidation catalyst) and 0.55% of a stabilizer is mixed in an aluminum dish and isothermally heated to 160 ° C under 10 bar oxygen in the calorimeter.
- the time until the start of the exothermic reaction T B (induction time) and the time until the end of the exothermic reaction T E are measured. The longer the induction time, the higher the resistance to oxidation.
- the phenolic antioxidants P-1 and P-2 are used as stabilizers as well as: P-3: reaction product of 160 g of 2,6-di-tert. butylphenol, 40 g 2-tert. butylphenol, 5.8 g KOH, 50 ml ethanol and 24 g paraformaldehyde at 80 ° C, containing as main components
- the sterically hindered amine is used
- the oxidation resistance is tested as in Example 6 in a differential scanning calorimeter, with the difference that instead of oxygen under 8 bar of air, which is mixed with 380 ppm (NO) x , is measured and that the isothermal temperature is 170 ° C. . Only the beginning of the exotherm is measured.
- Table 7 stabilizer T B (min) 0.55% P-2 11.2 0.55% H-5 ⁇ 2 0.45% P-2 + 0.10% H-5 20.7 0.55% P-6 3.8 0.55% H-5 ⁇ 2 0.45% P-6 + 0.10% H-5 10.8
Abstract
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft Schmierstoffzusammensetzungen, die gegen oxidativen Abbau stabilisiert sind. Die Stabilisierung erfolgt durch Zusatz von mindestens zwei spezifischen Zusatzstoffen.The present invention relates to lubricant compositions that are stabilized against oxidative degradation. Stabilization is achieved by adding at least two specific additives.
Es ist bekannt und üblich, zu Schmierstoffen auf Basis von Mineralölen oder synthetischen Oelen Zusatzstoffe zur Verbesserung ihrer Gebrauchseigenschaften zuzusetzen. Von besonderer Bedeutung sind Zusatzstoffe gegen oxidativen Abbau der Schmierstoffe, sogenannte Antioxidantien. Der oxidative Abbau von Schmierstoffen spielt vor allem bei Motorenölen eine grosse Rolle, da im Verbrennungsraum der Motoren hohe Temperaturen herrschen und neben Sauerstoff Stickoxide (NOx) vorhanden sind, welche als Oxidationskatalysatoren wirken.It is known and customary to add additives to lubricants based on mineral oils or synthetic oils to improve their performance properties. Additives against oxidative degradation of the lubricants, so-called antioxidants, are of particular importance. The oxidative degradation of lubricants plays a major role, especially in the case of engine oils, since the engine's combustion chamber has high temperatures and, in addition to oxygen, nitrogen oxides (NO x ) are present, which act as oxidation catalysts.
Als Antioxidantien für Schmierstoffe werden vor allem organische Schwefel- und Phosphorverbindungen verwendet, aber auch aromatische Amine und Phenole, insbesondere sterisch gehinderte Phenole (siehe z.B. Ullmanns Encyklopädie der technischen Chemie, 4. Auflage, Verlag Chemie, Band 20 (1981); Seite 541-43).Organic antioxidants for lubricants are primarily organic sulfur and phosphorus compounds, but also aromatic amines and phenols, especially sterically hindered phenols (see, for example, Ullmanns Encyklopadie der Technische Chemie, 4th edition, Verlag Chemie, Volume 20 (1981); page 541- 43).
Es wurden auch schon sterisch gehinderte Amine als Stabilisatoren für Schmieröle vorgeschlagen, z.B. in der US-A-4 069 199 oder der JP-A-85/28496.Sterically hindered amines have also been proposed as stabilizers for lubricating oils, e.g. in US-A-4 069 199 or JP-A-85/28496.
In der EP-A-356 677 wurden Gemische von aromatischen Aminen und sterisch gehinderten Aminen als Antioxidantien für Schmierstoffe vorgeschlagen, wobei diesen Gemischen auch phenolische Antioxidantien zugesetzt werden können.EP-A-356 677 proposes mixtures of aromatic amines and sterically hindered amines as antioxidants for lubricants, it also being possible to add phenolic antioxidants to these mixtures.
Es wurde gefunden, dass sich Kombinationen von phenolischen Antioxidantien mit sterisch gehinderten Aminen auch ohne Zusatz von aromatischen Aminen hervorragend zur Stabilisierung von Schmierstoffen eignen.It has been found that combinations of phenolic antioxidants with sterically hindered amines are outstandingly suitable for stabilizing lubricants even without the addition of aromatic amines.
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Schmierstoffzusammensetzung, enthaltend
- (A) ein mineralisches oder synthetisches Oel oder ein Gemisch solcher Oele,
- (B) mindestens ein sterisch gehindertes Amin und
- (C) mindestens ein Phenol der Formel I,
B C₁-C₂₄-Alkyl, C₅-C₁₂-Cycloalkyl, C₇-C₉-Phenylalkyl, Phenyl oder eine Gruppe -CH₂-S-R¹ bedeutet,
X Wasserstoff, C₁-C₁₈-Alkyl oder eine der Gruppen -CaH2a-Sq-R², -CbH2b-CO-OR³, -CbH2b-CO-N(R⁵)(R⁶), -CH₂N(R¹⁰)(R¹¹) oder
R¹ C₁-C₁₈-Alkyl, Phenyl oder eine Gruppe -(CH₂)c-CO-OR⁴ oder -CH₂CH₂OR⁹ bedeutet,
R² Wasserstoff, C₁-C₁₈-Alkyl, Phenyl, Benzyl, oder eine Gruppe
R³ C₁-C₅₀-Alkyl, oder eine der Gruppen
R⁴ C₁-C₂₄-Alkyl bedeutet,
R⁵ Wasserstoff, C₁-C₁₈-Alkyl oder Cyclohexyl bedeutet,
R⁶ C₁-C₁₈-Alkyl, Cyclohexyl, Phenyl, durch C₁-C₁₈-Alkyl substituiertes Phenyl oder eine der Gruppen
oder R⁵ und R⁶ zusammen C₄-C₈-Alkylen, das durch -O- oder -NH- unterbrochen sein kann, bedeuten,
R⁷ Wasserstoff, C₁-C₄-Alkyl oder Phenyl bedeutet,
R⁸ C₁-C₁₈-Alkyl bedeutet,
R⁹ Wasserstoff, C₁-C₂₄-Alkyl, Phenyl, C₂-C₁₈-Alkanoyl oder Benzoyl bedeutet,
R¹⁰ C₁-C₁₈-Alkyl, Cyclohexyl, Phenyl, durch C₁-C₁₈-Alkyl substituiertes Phenyl oder eine Gruppe
R¹¹ Wasserstoff, C₁-C₁₈-Alkyl, Cyclohexyl, oder eine Gruppe
R¹⁰ und R¹¹ zusammen C₄-C₈-Alkylen, das durch -O- oder -NH- unterbrochen sein kann, bedeuten
a 0, 1, 2 oder 3 ist,
b 0, 1, 2 oder 3 ist,
c 1 oder 2 ist,
d 1 bis 5 ist,
f 2 bis 8 ist und
q 1, 2, 3 oder 4 ist,
oder als Komponente (C) ein Gemisch von Polyphenolen, das durch Reaktion von mindestens einem Phenol der Formel
- (A) a mineral or synthetic oil or a mixture of such oils,
- (B) at least one sterically hindered amine and
- (C) at least one phenol of the formula I,
B is C₁-C₂₄-alkyl, C₅-C₁₂-cycloalkyl, C₇-C₉-phenylalkyl, phenyl or a group -CH₂-S-R¹,
X is hydrogen, C₁-C₁₈-alkyl or one of the groups -C a H 2a -S q -R², -C b H 2b -CO-OR³, -C b H 2b -CO-N (R⁵) (R⁶), - CH₂N (R¹⁰) (R¹¹) or
R¹ is C₁-C₁₈-alkyl, phenyl or a group - (CH₂) c -CO-OR⁴ or -CH₂CH₂OR⁹,
R² is hydrogen, C₁-C₁₈ alkyl, phenyl, benzyl, or a group
R³ C₁-C₅₀ alkyl, or one of the groups
R⁴ is C₁-C₂₄-alkyl,
R⁵ is hydrogen, C₁-C₁₈ alkyl or cyclohexyl,
R⁶ C₁-C₁₈-alkyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, phenyl substituted by C₁-C₁₈-alkyl or one of the groups
or R⁵ and R⁶ together are C₄-C₈-alkylene, which can be interrupted by -O- or -NH-,
R⁷ is hydrogen, C₁-C₄-alkyl or phenyl,
R⁸ is C₁-C₁₈ alkyl,
R⁹ is hydrogen, C₁-C₂₄-alkyl, phenyl, C₂-C₁₈-alkanoyl or benzoyl,
R¹⁰ C₁-C₁₈ alkyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, phenyl substituted by C₁-C₁₈ alkyl or a group
R¹¹ is hydrogen, C₁-C₁₈ alkyl, cyclohexyl, or a group
R¹⁰ and R¹¹ together are C₄-C₈-alkylene, which can be interrupted by -O- or -NH-
a is 0, 1, 2 or 3,
b is 0, 1, 2 or 3,
c is 1 or 2,
d is 1 to 5,
f is 2 to 8 and
q is 1, 2, 3 or 4,
or as component (C) a mixture of polyphenols, which by reaction of at least one phenol of the formula
In dieser Zusammensetzung beträgt das Gewichtsverhältnis von (B) zu (C) vorzugsweise 1:1 bis 1:100, insbesondere 1:3 bis 1:20. Die Summe von (B) und (C) beträgt vorzugsweise 0,05 bis 5 Gew.-%, insbesondere 0,1 bis 3 Gew.-%, von (A).In this composition, the weight ratio of (B) to (C) is preferably 1: 1 to 1: 100, in particular 1: 3 to 1:20. The sum of (B) and (C) is preferably 0.05 to 5% by weight, in particular 0.1 to 3% by weight, of (A).
A und B als C₁-C₂₄-Alkyl können lineares oder verzweigtes Alkyl sein, wie z.B. Methyl, Ethyl, i-Propyl, t-Butyl, s-Butyl, s-Pentyl, t-Pentyl, n-Hexyl, i-Hexyl, t-Hexyl, i-Heptyl, n-Octyl, t-Octyl, s-Decyl, s-Dodecyl, n-Dodecyl, s-Tetradecyl, n-Hexadecyl, n-Octadecyl, s-Octadecyl oder n-Eikosyl.A and B as C₁-C₂₄ alkyl can be linear or branched alkyl, e.g. Methyl, ethyl, i-propyl, t-butyl, s-butyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, n-hexyl, i-hexyl, t-hexyl, i-heptyl, n-octyl, t-octyl, s- Decyl, s-dodecyl, n-dodecyl, s-tetradecyl, n-hexadecyl, n-octadecyl, s-octadecyl or n-eikosyl.
A und B als Cycloalkyl können z.B. Cyclopentyl, Cyclohexyl oder Cyclooctyl sein, insbesondere Cyclohexyl. A und B als Phenylalkyl können z.B. Benzyl, Phenylethyl, Phenylpropyl oder α,α-Dimethylbenzyl sein.A and B as cycloalkyl can e.g. Cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl or cyclooctyl, especially cyclohexyl. A and B as phenylalkyl can e.g. Be benzyl, phenylethyl, phenylpropyl or α, α-dimethylbenzyl.
R⁵ und R⁶ als C₁-C₁₂-Alkyl können z.B. Methyl, Ethyl, Propyl, Butyl, Pentyl, Hexyl, Octyl, Decyl oder Dodecyl sein. R¹, R², R³ und R⁸ als C₁-C₁₈-Alkyl können darüber hinaus auch z.B. Tetradecyl, Hexadecyl oder Octadecyl sind. R⁴ als C₁-C₂₄-Alkyl kann darüber hinaus auch z.B. Eikosyl oder Tetraeikosyl sein.R⁵ and R⁶ as C₁-C₁₂ alkyl can be, for example, methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, octyl, decyl or dodecyl. R¹, R², R³ and R⁸ as C₁-C₁₈ alkyl can also be, for example, tetradecyl, hexadecyl or octadecyl. R⁴ as C₁-C₂₄ alkyl can also be, for example, eikosyl or tetraeikosyl.
Der Index a ist bevorzugt 0, 1 oder 2, insbesondere 0 oder 1; b ist bevorzugt 0, 1 oder 2, insbesondere 1 oder 2; q ist bevorzugt 1 oder 2, insbesondere 1.The index a is preferably 0, 1 or 2, in particular 0 or 1; b is preferably 0, 1 or 2, in particular 1 or 2; q is preferably 1 or 2, in particular 1.
Die Komponente (A) ist ein mineralisches oder synthetische Basisöl, wie es zur Bereitung von Schmierstoffen üblich ist. Synthetische Oele können z.B. Ester von Polycarbonsäuren oder von Polyolen sein, sie können aliphatische Polyester sein oder Poly-α-olefine, Silicone, Phosphorsäureester oder Polyalkylenglykole. Der Schmierstoff kann auch ein Fett auf Basis eines Oeles und eines Verdickungsmittels sein. Solche Schmierstoffe sind z.B. in D. Klamann "Schmierstoffe und artverwandte Produkte", Verlag Chemie, Weinheim 1982, beschrieben.Component (A) is a mineral or synthetic base oil, as is common for the preparation of lubricants. Synthetic oils can e.g. Esters of polycarboxylic acids or of polyols, they can be aliphatic polyesters or poly-α-olefins, silicones, phosphoric acid esters or polyalkylene glycols. The lubricant can also be a grease based on an oil and a thickener. Such lubricants are e.g. described in D. Klamann "Lubricants and related products", Verlag Chemie, Weinheim 1982.
Die Komponente (B) kann irgendein cyclisches oder nicht-cyclisches, vorzugsweise cyclisches, sterisch gehindertes Amin sein. Bevorzugt ist (B) eine Verbindung, die mindestens eine Gruppe der Formel II enthält,
Von Bedeutung sind insbesondere die folgenden Klassen von Polyalkylpiperidinen.The following classes of polyalkylpiperidines are of particular importance.
a) Verbindungen der Formel III,
Bedeuten etwaige Substituenten C₁-C₁₂-Alkyl, so stellen sie z.B. Methyl, Ethyl, n-Propyl, n-Butyl, sek.-Butyl, tert.-Butyl, n-Hexyl, n-Octyl, 2-Ethyl-hexyl, n-Nonyl, n-Decyl, n-Undecyl oder n-Dodecyl dar.If any substituents are C₁-C₁₂-alkyl, they represent e.g. Methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, n-hexyl, n-octyl, 2-ethyl-hexyl, n-nonyl, n-decyl, n-undecyl or n- Dodecyl.
In der Bedeutung von C₁-C₁₈-Alkyl kann R¹¹ oder R¹² z.B. die oben angeführten Gruppen und dazu noch beispielsweise n-Tridecyl, n-Tetradecyl, n-Hexadecyl oder n-Octadecyl darstellen.In the meaning of C₁-C₁₈ alkyl, R¹¹ or R¹² can e.g. represent the groups listed above and, for example, n-tridecyl, n-tetradecyl, n-hexadecyl or n-octadecyl.
Wenn R¹¹ C₃-C₈-Alkenyl bedeutet, so kann es sich z.B. um 1-Propenyl, Allyl, Methallyl, 2-Butenyl, 2-Pentenyl, 2-Hexenyl, 2-Octenyl, 4-tert. Butyl-2-butenyl handeln.If R¹¹ is C₃-C₈-alkenyl, it can e.g. 1-propenyl, allyl, methallyl, 2-butenyl, 2-pentenyl, 2-hexenyl, 2-octenyl, 4-tert. Act butyl-2-butenyl.
R¹¹ ist als C₃-C₈-Alkinyl bevorzugt Propargyl.R¹¹ is preferably as C₃-C₈ alkynyl propargyl.
Als C₇-C₁₂-Aralkyl ist R¹¹ insbesondere Phenethyl und vor allem Benzyl.As C₇-C₁₂ aralkyl, R¹¹ is especially phenethyl and especially benzyl.
R¹¹ ist als C₁-C₈-Alkanoyl beispielsweise Formyl, Propionyl, Butyryl, Octanoyl, aber bevorzugt Acetyl und als C₃-C₅-Alkenoyl insbesondere Acryloyl.R¹¹ is as C₁-C₈ alkanoyl, for example formyl, propionyl, butyryl, octanoyl, but preferably acetyl and as C₃-C₅-alkenoyl in particular acryloyl.
Bedeutet R¹² einen einwertigen Rest einer Carbonsäure, so stellt es beispielsweise einen Essigsäure-, Capronsäure-, Stearinsäure-, Acrylsäure-, Methacrylsäure-, Benzoe- oder β-(3,5-Di-tert.-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-propionsäurerest dar.If R¹² is a monovalent radical of a carboxylic acid, it is, for example, acetic, caproic, stearic, acrylic, methacrylic, benzoic or β- (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) - propionic acid residue.
Bedeutet R¹² einen zweiwertigen Rest einer Dicarbonsäure, so stellt es beispielsweise einen Malonsäure-, Bernsteinsäure-, Glutarsäure-, Adipinsäure-, Korksäure-, Sebacinsäure-, Maleinsäure-, Itaconsäure-, Phthalsäure-, Dibutylmalonsäure-, Dibenzylmalonsäure-, Butyl-(3,5-di-tert. butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)-malonsäure- oder Bicycloheptendicarbonsäurerest dar.If R 12 is a divalent radical of a dicarboxylic acid, it represents, for example, malonic, succinic, glutaric, adipic, suberic, sebacic, maleic, itaconic, phthalic, dibutylmalonic, dibenzylmalonic, butyl (3 , 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) -malonic acid or bicycloheptenedicarboxylic acid residue.
Stellt R¹² einen dreiwertigen Rest einer Tricarbonsäure dar, so bedeutet es z.B. einen Trimellitsäure-, Citronensäure- oder Nitrilotriessigsäurerest.If R 12 represents a trivalent carboxylic acid residue, it means, for example, a trimellitic acid, citric acid or nitrilotriacetic acid residue.
Stellt R¹² einen vierwertigen Rest einer Tetracarbonsäure dar, so bedeutet es z.B. den vierwertigen Rest von Butan-1,2,3,4-tetracarbonsäure oder von Pyromellitsäure.If R 12 represents a tetravalent radical of a tetracarboxylic acid, it means e.g. the tetravalent residue of butane-1,2,3,4-tetracarboxylic acid or of pyromellitic acid.
Bedeutet R¹² einen zweiwertigen Rest einer Dicarbaminsäure, so stellt es beispielsweise einen Hexamethylendicarbaminsäure- oder einen 2,4-Toluylen-dicarbaminsäurerest dar.If R¹² is a divalent radical of a dicarbamic acid, it represents, for example, a hexamethylene dicarbamic acid or a 2,4-tolylene dicarbamic acid radical.
Bevorzugt sind Verbindungen der Formel III, worin R Wasserstoff ist, R¹¹ Wasserstoff oder Methyl ist, n 1 ist und R¹² C₁-C₁₈-Alkyl ist oder n 2 ist und R¹² der Diacylrest einer aliphatischen Dicarbonsäure mit 4-12 C-Atomen ist.Preferred compounds of the formula III are those in which R is hydrogen, R¹¹ is hydrogen or methyl, n is 1 and R¹² is C₁-C₁₈-alkyl or n is 2 and R¹² is the diacyl radical of an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid having 4-12 C atoms.
Beispiele für Polyalkylpiperidin-Verbindungen dieser Klasse sind folgende Verbindungen:
- 1) 4-Hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin
- 2) 1-Allyl-4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin
- 3) 1-Benzyl-4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin
- 4) 1-(4-tert.-Butyl-2-butenyl)-4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin
- 5) 4-Stearoyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin
- 6) 1-Ethyl-4-salicyloyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin
- 7) 4-Methacryloyloxy-1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidin
- 8) 1,2,2,6,6-Pentamethylpiperidin-4-yl-β-(3,5-di-tert.-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-propionat
- 9) Di-(1-benzyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)-maleinat
- 10) Di-(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)-succinat
- 11) Di-(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)-glutarat
- 12) Di-(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)-adipat
- 13) Di-(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)-sebacat
- 14) Di-(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidin-4-yl)-sebacat
- 15) Di-(1,2,3,6-tetramethyl-2,6-diethyl-piperidin-4-yl)-sebacat
- 16) Di-(1-allyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)-phthalat
- 17) 1-Hydroxy-4-β-cyanoethyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin
- 18) 1-Acetyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl-acetat
- 19) Trimellithsäure-tri-(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)-ester
- 20) 1-Acryloyl-4-benzyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin
- 21) Diethylmalonsäure-di(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)-ester
- 22) Dibutyl-malonsäure-di-(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidin-4-yl)-ester
- 23) Butyl-(3,5-di-tert.-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)-malonsäure-di-(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidin-4-yl)-ester
- 24) Di-(1-octyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)-sebacat
- 25) Di-(1-cyclohexyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)-sebacat
- 26) Hexan-1′,6′-bis-(4-carbamoyloxy-1-n-butyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin)
- 27) Toluol-2′,4′-bis-(4-carbamoyloxy-1-n-propyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin)
- 28) Dimethyl-bis-(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-oxy)-silan
- 29) Phenyl-tris-(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-oxy)-silan
- 30) Tris-(1-propyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)-phosphit
- 31) Tris-(1-propyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)phosphat
- 32) Phenyl-[bis-(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidin-4-yl)]-phosphonat
- 33) 4-Hydroxy-1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidin
- 34) 4-Hydroxy-N-hydroxyethyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin
- 35) 4-Hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxypropyl)-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin
- 36) 1-Glycidyl-4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin
- 1) 4-Hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine
- 2) 1-Allyl-4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine
- 3) 1-Benzyl-4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine
- 4) 1- (4-tert-butyl-2-butenyl) -4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine
- 5) 4-stearoyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine
- 6) 1-ethyl-4-salicyloyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine
- 7) 4-methacryloyloxy-1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidine
- 8) 1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidin-4-yl-β- (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate
- 9) Di- (1-benzyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) maleate
- 10) Di- (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) succinate
- 11) Di- (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) glutarate
- 12) Di- (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) adipate
- 13) Di- (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) sebacate
- 14) Di- (1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidin-4-yl) sebacate
- 15) Di- (1,2,3,6-tetramethyl-2,6-diethyl-piperidin-4-yl) sebacate
- 16) Di- (1-allyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) phthalate
- 17) 1-Hydroxy-4-β-cyanoethyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine
- 18) 1-Acetyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl acetate
- 19) Trimellitic acid tri (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) ester
- 20) 1-Acryloyl-4-benzyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine
- 21) Diethylmalonic acid di (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) ester
- 22) Dibutyl malonic acid di (1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidin-4-yl) ester
- 23) Butyl- (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) -malonic acid di- (1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidin-4-yl) ester
- 24) Di- (1-octyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) sebacate
- 25) Di- (1-cyclohexyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) sebacate
- 26) hexane-1 ′, 6′-bis- (4-carbamoyloxy-1-n-butyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine)
- 27) toluene-2 ′, 4′-bis- (4-carbamoyloxy-1-n-propyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine)
- 28) Dimethyl bis (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-4-oxy) silane
- 29) Phenyl-tris (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-4-oxy) silane
- 30) Tris- (1-propyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) phosphite
- 31) Tris- (1-propyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) phosphate
- 32) Phenyl- [bis- (1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidin-4-yl)] phosphonate
- 33) 4-Hydroxy-1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidine
- 34) 4-Hydroxy-N-hydroxyethyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine
- 35) 4-Hydroxy-N- (2-hydroxypropyl) -2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine
- 36) 1-Glycidyl-4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine
b) Verbindungen der Formel IV,
Stellen etwaige Substituenten C₁-C₁₂- oder C₁-C₁₈-Alkyl dar, so haben sie die bereits unter a) angegebene Bedeutung.If any substituents are C₁-C₁₂- or C₁-C₁₈-alkyl, they have the meaning already given under a).
Bedeuten etwaige Substituenten C₅-C₇-Cycloalkyl, so stellen sie insbesondere Cyclohexyl dar.If any substituents are C₅-C₇-cycloalkyl, they represent in particular cyclohexyl.
Als C₇-C₈-Aralkyl ist R¹³ insbesondere Phenylethyl oder vor allem Benzyl. Als C₂-C₅-Hydroxyalkyl ist R¹³ insbesondere 2-Hydroxyethyl oder 2-Hydroxypropyl.As C₇-C₈ aralkyl, R¹³ is especially phenylethyl or especially benzyl. As C₂-C₅-hydroxyalkyl, R¹³ is in particular 2-hydroxyethyl or 2-hydroxypropyl.
R¹³ ist als C₂-C₁₈-Alkanoyl beispielsweise Propionyl, Butyryl, Octanoyl, Dodecanoyl, Hexadecanoyl, Octadecanoyl, aber bevorzugt Acetyl und als C₃-C₅-Alkenoyl insbesondere Acryloyl.R¹³ is as C₂-C₁₈ alkanoyl, for example propionyl, butyryl, octanoyl, dodecanoyl, hexadecanoyl, octadecanoyl, but preferably acetyl and as C₃-C₅-alkenoyl in particular acryloyl.
Bedeutet R¹⁴ C₂-C₈-Alkenyl, dann handelt es sich z.B. um Allyl, Methallyl, 2-Butenyl, 2-Pentenyl, 2-Hexenyl oder 2-Octenyl.If R¹⁴ is C₂-C₈ alkenyl, then it is e.g. allyl, methallyl, 2-butenyl, 2-pentenyl, 2-hexenyl or 2-octenyl.
R¹⁴ als mit einer Hydroxy-, Cyano-, Alkoxycarbonyl- oder Carbamidgruppe substituiertes C₁-C₄-Alkyl kann z.B. 2-Hydroxyethyl, 2-Hydroxypropyl, 2-Cyanethyl, Methoxycarbonylmethyl, 2-Ethoxycarbonylethyl, 2-Aminocarbonylpropyl oder 2-(Dimethylaminocarbonyl)-ethyl sein.R¹⁴ as a C₁-C₄-alkyl substituted with a hydroxy, cyano, alkoxycarbonyl or carbamide group can be, for example, 2-hydroxyethyl, 2-hydroxypropyl, 2-cyanoethyl, methoxycarbonylmethyl, 2-ethoxycarbonylethyl, 2-aminocarbonylpropyl or 2- (dimethylaminocarbonyl) - be ethyl.
Stellen etwaige Substituenten C₂-C₁₂-Alkylen dar, so handelt es sich z.B. um Ethylen, Propylen, 2,2-Dimethylpropylen, Tetramethylen, Hexamethylen, Octamethylen, Decamethylen oder Dodecamethylen.If any substituents are C₂-C₁₂ alkylene, they are e.g. around ethylene, propylene, 2,2-dimethylpropylene, tetramethylene, hexamethylene, octamethylene, decamethylene or dodecamethylene.
Bedeuten etwaige Substituenten C₆-C₁₅-Arylen, so stellen sie z.B. o-, m- oder p-Phenylen, 1,4-Naphthylen oder 4,4′-Diphenylen dar.If any substituents are C₆-C₁₅ arylene, they represent e.g. o-, m- or p-phenylene, 1,4-naphthylene or 4,4'-diphenylene.
Als C₆-C₁₂-Cycloalkylen ist D insbesondere Cyclohexylen.As C₆-C₁₂ cycloalkylene, D is especially cyclohexylene.
Bevorzugt sind Verbindungen der Formel IV, worin n 1 oder 2 ist, R Wasserstoff ist, R¹¹ Wasserstoff oder Methyl ist, R¹³ Wasserstoff, C₁-C₁₂-Alkyl oder eine Gruppe der Formel
Beispiele für Polyalkylpiperidin-Verbindungen dieser Klasse sind folgende Verbindungen:
- 37) N,N′-Bis-(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)-hexamethylen-1,6-diamin
- 38) N,N′-Bis-(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)-hexamethylen-1,6-diacetamid
- 39) Bis-(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)-amin
- 40) 4-Benzoylamino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin
- 41) N,N′-Bis-(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)-N,N′-dibutyl-adipamid
- 42) N,N′-Bis-(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)-N,N′-dicyclohexyl-2-hydroxypropylen-1,3-diamin
- 43) N,N′-Bis-(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)-p-xylylen-diamin
- 44) N,N′-Bis-(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)-succindiamid
- 45) N-(2,2,6,6-Tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)-β-aminodipropionsäure-di-(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)-ester
- 46) Die Verbindung der Formel
- 47) 4-(Bis-2-hydroxyethyl-amino)-1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidin
- 48) 4-(3-Methyl-4-hydroxy-5-tert.butylbenzoesäureamido)-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin
- 49) 4-Methacrylamido-1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidin
- 37) N, N'-bis (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) hexamethylene-1,6-diamine
- 38) N, N'-bis (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) hexamethylene-1,6-diacetamide
- 39) bis (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) amine
- 40) 4-Benzoylamino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine
- 41) N, N'-bis (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) -N, N'-dibutyl adipamide
- 42) N, N'-bis (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) -N, N'-dicyclohexyl-2-hydroxypropylene-1,3-diamine
- 43) N, N'-bis (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) -p-xylylene diamine
- 44) N, N'-bis (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) succinic diamide
- 45) N- (2,2,6,6-Tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) -β-aminodipropionic acid di- (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) ester
- 46) The compound of the formula
- 47) 4- (bis-2-hydroxyethylamino) -1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidine
- 48) 4- (3-Methyl-4-hydroxy-5-tert-butylbenzoic acid amido) -2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine
- 49) 4-methacrylamido-1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidine
c) Verbindungen der Formel V,
Bedeutet R¹⁵ C₂-C₈-Alkylen oder -Hydroxyalkylen, so stellt es beispielsweise Ethylen, 1-Methyl-ethylen, Propylen, 2-Ethyl-propylen oder 2-Ethyl-2-hydroxymethylpropylen dar.R¹⁵ means C₂-C₈ alkylene or hydroxyalkylene, it represents, for example, ethylene, 1-methyl-ethylene, propylene, 2-ethyl-propylene or 2-ethyl-2-hydroxymethylpropylene.
Als C₄-C₂₂-Acyloxyalkylen bedeutet R¹⁵ z.B. 2-Ethyl-2-acetoxymethylpropylen.As C₄-C₂₂-acyloxyalkylene, R¹⁵ means e.g. 2-ethyl-2-acetoxymethylpropylene.
Beispiele für Polyalkylpiperidin-Verbindungen dieser Klasse sind folgende Verbindungen:
- 50) 9-Aza-8,8,10,10-tetramethyl-1,5-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecan
- 51) 9-Aza-8,8,10,10-tetramethyl-3-ethyl-1,5-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecan
- 52) 8-Aza-2,7,7,8,9,9-hexamethyl-1,4-dioxaspiro[4.5]decan
- 53) 9-Aza-3-hydroxymethyl-3-ethyl-8,8,9,10,10-pentamethyl-1,5-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecan
- 54) 9-Aza-3-ethyl-3-acetoxymethyl-9-acetyl-8,8,10,10-tetramethyl-1,5-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecan
- 55) 2,2,6,6-Tetramethylpiperidin-4-spiro-2′-(1′,3′-dioxan)-5′-spiro-5˝-(1˝,3˝-dioxan)-2˝-spiro-4‴-(2‴,2‴,6‴,6‴-tetramethylpiperidin).
- 50) 9-aza-8,8,10,10-tetramethyl-1,5-dioxaspiro [5.5] undecane
- 51) 9-Aza-8,8,10,10-tetramethyl-3-ethyl-1,5-dioxaspiro [5.5] undecane
- 52) 8-aza-2,7,7,8,9,9-hexamethyl-1,4-dioxaspiro [4.5] decane
- 53) 9-Aza-3-hydroxymethyl-3-ethyl-8,8,9,10,10-pentamethyl-1,5-dioxaspiro [5.5] undecane
- 54) 9-Aza-3-ethyl-3-acetoxymethyl-9-acetyl-8,8,10,10-tetramethyl-1,5-dioxaspiro [5.5] undecane
- 55) 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-4-spiro-2 ′ - (1 ′, 3′-dioxane) -5′-spiro-5˝- (1˝, 3˝-dioxane) -2˝- spiro-4 ‴ - (2 ‴, 2 ‴, 6 ‴, 6 ‴ -tetramethylpiperidine).
d) Verbindungen der Formeln VIA, VIB und VIC
Bedeuten etwaige Substituenten C₁-C₁₂-Alkyl, so stellen sie z.B. Methyl, Ethyl, n-Propyl, n-Butyl, sek.-Butyl, tert.-Butyl, n-Hexyl, n-Octyl, 2-Ethyl-hexyl, n-Nonyl, n-Decyl, n-Undecyl oder n-Dodecyl dar.If any substituents are C₁-C₁₂-alkyl, they represent e.g. Methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, n-hexyl, n-octyl, 2-ethyl-hexyl, n-nonyl, n-decyl, n-undecyl or n- Dodecyl.
Etwaige Substituenten in der Bedeutung von C₁-C₁₈-Alkyl können z.B. die oben angeführten Gruppen und dazu noch beispielsweise n-Tridecyl, n-Tetradecyl, n-Hexadecyl oder n-Octadecyl darstellen.Any substituents in the meaning of C₁-C₁₈ alkyl can e.g. represent the groups listed above and, for example, n-tridecyl, n-tetradecyl, n-hexadecyl or n-octadecyl.
Bedeuten etwaige Substituenten C₂-C₆-Alkoxyalkyl, so stellen sie z.B. Methoxymethyl, Ethoxymethyl, Propoxymethyl, tert.-Butoxymethyl, Ethoxyethyl, Ethoxypropyl, n-Butoxyethyl, tert.-Butoxyethyl, Isopropoxyethyl oder Propoxypropyl dar.If any substituents are C₂-C₆alkoxyalkyl, they are e.g. Methoxymethyl, ethoxymethyl, propoxymethyl, tert-butoxymethyl, ethoxyethyl, ethoxypropyl, n-butoxyethyl, tert-butoxyethyl, isopropoxyethyl or propoxypropyl.
Stellt R¹⁷ C₃-C₅-Alkenyl dar, so bedeutet es z.B. 1-Propenyl, Allyl, Methallyl, 2-Butenyl oder 2-Pentenyl.R¹⁷ represents C₃-C₅-alkenyl, it means for example 1-propenyl, allyl, methallyl, 2-butenyl or 2-pentenyl.
Als C₇-C₉-Aralkyl sind R¹⁷, T₁ und T₂ insbesondere Phenethyl oder vor allem Benzyl. Bilden T₁ und T₂ zusammen mit dem C-Atom einen Cycloalkanring, so kann dies z.B. ein Cyclopentan-, Cyclohexan-, Cyclooctan- oder Cyclododecanring sein.As C₇-C₉ aralkyl, R¹⁷, T₁ and T₂ are especially phenethyl or especially benzyl. If T₁ and T₂ form a cycloalkane ring together with the C atom, this can e.g. be a cyclopentane, cyclohexane, cyclooctane or cyclododecane ring.
Bedeutet R¹⁷ C₂-C₄-Hydroxyalkyl, so stellt es z.B. 2-Hydroxyethyl, 2-Hydroxypropyl, 2-Hydroxybutyl oder 4-Hydroxybutyl dar.If R¹⁷ is C₂-C₄-hydroxyalkyl, it is e.g. 2-hydroxyethyl, 2-hydroxypropyl, 2-hydroxybutyl or 4-hydroxybutyl.
Als C₆-C₁₀-Aryl bedeuten R¹⁷, T₁ und T₂ insbesondere Phenyl, α- oder β-Naphthyl, die gegebenenfalls mit Halogen oder C₁-C₄-Alkyl substituiert sind.As C₆-C₁₀ aryl, R¹⁷, T₁ and T₂ are in particular phenyl, α- or β-naphthyl, which are optionally substituted by halogen or C₁-C₄-alkyl.
Stellt R¹⁷ C₂-C₁₂-Alkylen dar, so handelt es sich z.B. um Ethylen, Propylen, 2,2-Dimethylpropylen, Tetramethylen, Hexamethylen, Octamethylen, Decamethylen oder Dodecamethylen.If R¹⁷ is C₂-C₁₂ alkylene, it is e.g. around ethylene, propylene, 2,2-dimethylpropylene, tetramethylene, hexamethylene, octamethylene, decamethylene or dodecamethylene.
Als C₄-C₁₂-Alkenylen bedeutet R¹⁷ insbesondere 2-Butenylen, 2-Pentenylen oder 3-Hexenylen.As C₄-C₁₂ alkenylene, R¹⁷ means in particular 2-butenylene, 2-pentenylene or 3-hexenylene.
Bedeutet R¹⁷ C₆-C₁₂ Arylen, so stellt es beispielsweise o-, m- oder p-Phenylen, 1,4-Naphthylen oder 4,4′-Diphenylen dar.R¹⁷ means C₆-C₁₂ arylene, it represents, for example, o-, m- or p-phenylene, 1,4-naphthylene or 4,4'-diphenylene.
Bedeutet Z′ C₂-C₁₂ Alkanoyl, so stellt es beispielsweise Propionyl, Butyryl, Octanoyl, Dodecanoyl, aber bevorzugt Acetyl dar.Z 'means C₂-C₁₂ alkanoyl, for example propionyl, butyryl, octanoyl, dodecanoyl, but preferably acetyl.
D hat als C₂-C₁₀ Alkylen, C₆-C₁₅ Arylen oder C₆-C₁₂ Cycloalkylen die unter b) angegebene Bedeutung.D as C₂-C₁₀ alkylene, C₆-C₁₅ arylene or C₆-C₁₂ cycloalkylene has the meaning given under b).
Beispiele für Polyalkylpiperidin-Verbindungen dieser Klasse sind folgende Verbindungen:
- 56) 3-Benzyl-1,3,8-triaza-7,7,9,9-tetramethylspiro[4.5]decan-2,4-dion
- 57) 3-n-Octyl-1,3,8-triaza-7,7,9,9-tetramethylspiro[4.5]decan-2,4-dion
- 58) 3-Allyl-1,3,8-triaza-1,7,7,9,9-pentamethylspiro[4.5]decan-2,4-dion
- 59) 3-Glycidyl-1,3,8-triaza-7,7,8,9,9-pentamethylspiro[4.5]decan-2,4-dion
- 60) 1,3,7,7,8,9,9-Heptamethyl-1,3,8-triazaspiro[4.5]decan-2,4-dion
- 61) 2-Iso-propyl-7,7,9,9-tetramethyl-1-oxa-3,8-diaza-4-oxo-spiro-[4.5]decan
- 62) 2,2-Dibutyl-7,7,9,9-tetramethyl-1-oxa-3,8-diaza-4-oxo-spiro[4.5]-decan
- 63) 2,2,4,4-Tetramethyl-7-oxa-3,20-diaza-21-oxo-dispiro[5.1.11.2]heneicosan
- 64) 2-Butyl-7,7,9,9-tetramethyl-1-oxa-4,8-diaza-3-oxo-spiro[4,5]decan
- 65) 8-Acetyl-3-dodecyl-1,3,8-triaza-7,7,9,9-tetramethylspiro[4,5]-decan-2,4-dion
- 56) 3-Benzyl-1,3,8-triaza-7,7,9,9-tetramethylspiro [4.5] decane-2,4-dione
- 57) 3-n-Octyl-1,3,8-triaza-7,7,9,9-tetramethylspiro [4.5] decane-2,4-dione
- 58) 3-Allyl-1,3,8-triaza-1,7,7,9,9-pentamethylspiro [4.5] decane-2,4-dione
- 59) 3-Glycidyl-1,3,8-triaza-7,7,8,9,9-pentamethylspiro [4.5] decane-2,4-dione
- 60) 1,3,7,7,8,9,9-heptamethyl-1,3,8-triazaspiro [4.5] decane-2,4-dione
- 61) 2-Iso-propyl-7,7,9,9-tetramethyl-1-oxa-3,8-diaza-4-oxo-spiro- [4.5] decane
- 62) 2,2-dibutyl-7,7,9,9-tetramethyl-1-oxa-3,8-diaza-4-oxo-spiro [4.5] decane
- 63) 2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-7-oxa-3,20-diaza-21-oxo-dispiro [5.1.11.2] heneicosan
- 64) 2-Butyl-7,7,9,9-tetramethyl-1-oxa-4,8-diaza-3-oxo-spiro [4,5] decane
- 65) 8-Acetyl-3-dodecyl-1,3,8-triaza-7,7,9,9-tetramethylspiro [4,5] -decane-2,4-dione
e) Verbindungen der Formel VII,
Bedeuten etwaige Substituenten C₁-C₁₂-Alkyl, so stellen sie beispielsweise Methyl, Ethyl, n-Propyl, n-Butyl, sek.-Butyl, tert.-Butyl, n-Hexyl, n-Octyl, 2-Ethylhexyl, n-Nonyl, n-Decyl, n-Undecyl oder n-Dodecyl dar.If any substituents are C₁-C₁₂-alkyl, they are, for example, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, n-hexyl, n-octyl, 2-ethylhexyl, n-nonyl , n-decyl, n-undecyl or n-dodecyl.
Bedeuten etwaige Substituenten C₁-C₄-Hydroxyalkyl, so stellen sie z.B. 2-Hydroxyethyl, 2-Hydroxypropyl, 3-Hydroxypropyl, 2-Hydroxybutyl oder 4-Hydroxybutyl dar.If any substituents are C₁-C₄-hydroxyalkyl, they represent e.g. 2-hydroxyethyl, 2-hydroxypropyl, 3-hydroxypropyl, 2-hydroxybutyl or 4-hydroxybutyl.
Bedeutet A C₂-C₆ Alkylen, so stellt es beispielsweise Ethylen, Propylen, 2,2-Dimethylpropylen, Tetramethylen oder Hexamethylen dar.A means C₂-C₆ alkylene, it represents, for example, ethylene, propylene, 2,2-dimethylpropylene, tetramethylene or hexamethylene.
Stellen R²¹ und R²² zusammen C₄-C₅-Alkylen oder -Oxaalkylen dar, so bedeutet dies z.B. Tetramethylen, Pentamethylen oder 3-Oxapentamethylen.If R²¹ and R²² together represent C₄-C₅-alkylene or -oxaalkylene, this means e.g. Tetramethylene, pentamethylene or 3-oxapentamethylene.
Beispiele für Polyalkylpiperidin-Verbindungen dieser Klasse sind die Verbindungen der folgenden Formeln:
f) Oligomere oder polymere Verbindungen, deren wiederkehrende Struktureinheit einen 2,2,6,6-Tetraalkylpiperidinrest der Formel (I) enthält, insbesondere Polyester, Polyäther, Polyamide, Polyamine, Polyurethane, Polyharnstoffe, Polyaminotriazine, Poly(meth)acrylate, Poly(meth)acrylamide und deren Copolymere, die solche Reste enthalten.f) oligomers or polymeric compounds whose recurring structural unit contains a 2,2,6,6-tetraalkylpiperidine radical of the formula (I), in particular polyesters, polyethers, polyamides, polyamines, polyurethanes, polyureas, polyaminotriazines, poly (meth) acrylates, poly ( meth) acrylamides and their copolymers which contain such radicals.
Beispiele für 2,2,6,6-Polyalkylpiperidin-Lichtschutzmittel dieser Klasse sind die Verbindungen der folgenden Formeln, wobei m eine Zahl von 2 bis etwa 200 bedeutet.
g) Verbindungen der Formel VIII,
Bevorzugt sind Verbindungen der Formel VIII, worin R Wasserstoff oder Methyl ist und R¹¹ Wasserstoff oder Methyl ist.Compounds of formula VIII are preferred in which R is hydrogen or methyl and R 11 is hydrogen or methyl.
Beispiele für solche Verbindungen sind:
- 95) 2,2,6,6-Tetramethyl-4-piperidon (Triacetonamin)
- 96) 1,2,2,6,6-Pentamethyl-4-piperidon
- 97) 2,2,6,6-Tetramethyl-4-piperidon-1-oxyl
- 98) 2,3,6-Trimethyl-2,6-diethyl-4-piperidon
- 95) 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidone (triacetonamine)
- 96) 1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidone
- 97) 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidone-1-oxyl
- 98) 2,3,6-trimethyl-2,6-diethyl-4-piperidone
Die Polyalkylpiperidine sind bekannte Verbindungen und werden als Lichtschutzmittel für organische Materialien benützt. Einige von ihnen sind im Handel erhältlich.The polyalkylpiperidines are known compounds and are used as light stabilizers for organic materials. Some of them are commercially available.
Die Komponente (C) ist ein phenolisches Antioxidans. Bevorzugt ist (C) eine Verbindung der Formel I, worin A Wasserstoff, C₁-C₈-Alkyl, Cyclohexyl, Phenyl oder eine Gruppe
B C₁-C₈-Alkyl, Cyclohexyl oder Phenyl bedeutet,
X C₁-C₈-Alkyl oder eine der Gruppen -CaH2a-S-R², -CbH2b-COOR³, -CH₂N(R¹⁰)(R¹¹) oder
R² C₁-C₁₂-Alkyl, Phenyl oder eine Gruppe -(CH₂)c-COOR⁴ bedeutet,
R³ C₁-C₁₈-Alkyl oder eine Gruppe
worin Q C₂-C₆-Alkylen, -CH₂CH₂SCH₂CH₂- oder -CH₂CH₂(OCH₂CH₂)d- bedeutet,
R⁴ C₁-C₁₈-Alkyl bedeutet,
R¹⁰ und R¹¹ unabhängig von einander C₁-C₁₂-Alkyl sind oder
R¹⁰ und R¹¹ zusammen Pentamethylen oder 3-Oxapentamethylen bedeuten,
a 1 oder 2 ist, b 1 oder 2 ist, c 1 oder 2 ist und d 1 bis 3 ist,
oder (C) ist ein Reaktionsgemisch aus einem Phenol der Formel
B is C₁-C₈-alkyl, cyclohexyl or phenyl,
X C₁-C₈-alkyl or one of the groups -C a H 2a -S-R², -C b H 2b -COOR³, -CH₂N (R¹⁰) (R¹¹) or
R² is C₁-C₁₂-alkyl, phenyl or a group - (CH₂) c -COOR⁴,
R³ C₁-C₁₈ alkyl or a group
wherein Q is C₂-C₆-alkylene, -CH₂CH₂SCH₂CH₂- or -CH₂CH₂ (OCH₂CH₂) d -,
R⁴ is C₁-C₁₈ alkyl,
R¹⁰ and R¹¹ are independently C₁-C₁₂ alkyl or
R¹⁰ and R¹¹ together represent pentamethylene or 3-oxapentamethylene,
a is 1 or 2, b is 1 or 2, c is 1 or 2 and d is 1 to 3,
or (C) is a reaction mixture of a phenol of the formula
Eine als Komponente (C) besonders geeignete Klasse sind die Verbindungen der Formel I, worin A und B unabhängig voneinander C₁-C₄-Alkyl bedeuten, X eine Gruppe -CaH2a-Sq-R² bedeutet, a 0 oder 1 ist, q 1 oder 2 ist, R² C₄-C₁₈-Alkyl, Phenyl oder -CH₂-CO-OR⁴ bedeutet und R⁴ C₁-C₁₈-Alkyl ist, insbesondere die Verbindungen der Formel I, worin A und B unabhängig voneinander C₁-C₄-Alkyl bedeuten, X -CH₂-S-R² ist, R² C₈-C₁₂-Alkyl oder -CH₂-CO-OR⁴ ist und R⁴ C₈-C₁₈-Alkyl bedeutet. Besonders bevorzugt in dieser Klasse sind Verbindungen der Formel I, worin A und B tert.Butyl sind und X -CH₂SCH₂COO(C₈-C₁₃-Alkyl) ist.A class which is particularly suitable as component (C) are the compounds of the formula I in which A and B independently of one another are C₁-C₄alkyl, X is a group -C a H 2a -S q -R², a is 0 or 1, q is 1 or 2, R² is C₄-C₁₈-alkyl, phenyl or -CH₂-CO-OR und and R⁴ is C₁-C₁₈-alkyl, in particular the compounds of the formula I, in which A and B independently of one another are C₁-C₄-alkyl , X is -CH₂-S-R², R² is C₈-C₁₂-alkyl or -CH₂-CO-OR⁴ and R⁴ is C₈-C₁₈-alkyl. Particularly preferred in this class are compounds of the formula I in which A and B are tert-butyl and X is -CH₂SCH₂COO (C₈-C₁₃-alkyl).
Eine weitere als Komponente (C) besonders geeignete Klasse sind die Verbindungen der Formel I, worin A und B unabhängig voneinander C₁-C₄-Alkyl bedeuten, X eine Gruppe -CbH2b-CO-OR³ ist,
b 1 oder 2 ist und R³ eine der Gruppen
insbesondere die Verbindungen der Formel I, worin X eine Gruppe -(CH₂)₂-CO-OR³ ist und R³ eine Gruppe
b is 1 or 2 and R³ is one of the groups
especially the compounds of formula I, wherein X is a group - (CH₂) ₂-CO-OR³ and R³ is a group
Eine weitere als Komponente (C) besonders geeignete Klasse sind die Methylenbisphenole der Formel
Besonders geeignet als Komponente (C) sind ferner Gemische von Polyphenolen, wie man sie durch Reaktion mindestens eines dialkylierten Phenols der Formel
Die dabei entstehenden Gemische enthalten vorwiegend Diphenole und Triphenole.The resulting mixtures mainly contain diphenols and triphenols.
Beispiele für Verbindungen der Formel I sind:
Tridecyl-4-(4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert.butylphenyl)-3-thiabutyrat
3-Thia-1,5-pentadiol-di[3-(4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert.butylphenyl)]-propionat
Di(3-thiapentadecyl)-di(4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert.butylphenyl)-malonat
Octadecyl-4-(4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert.butylphenyl)-3-thiabutyrat
4-(2-Thiapropyl)-2,6-di-tert.butyl-phenol
Octadecyl-3-(4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert.butylphenyl)-propionat
3-Thiapentadecyl-3-(4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert.butylphenyl)-propionat
Di(4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert. butylphenyl)-sulfid
Di(4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert. butylphenyl)-disulfid
2,4-Di(octylthiomethyl)-6-methylphenol
N-Octadecyl-3-(4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert. butylphenyl)-propionamid
N,N′-[3-(4-Hydroxy-3,5-di-tert. butylphenyl)-propionyl]-hexamethylendiamin
4,4′-Methylen-bis(2,6-di-tert. butylphenol)
2,2′-Methylen-bis(2-tert. butyl-4-methylphenol)
2,4-Di(4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert. butylbenzyl)-6-tert. butylphenol
4,4′-Methylen-bis[2-tert. butyl-4-(4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert. butylbenzyl)phenol]
4-Dimethylaminomethyl-2,6-di-tert. butylphenol
4-Dibutylamino-methyl-2-methyl-6-tert. butylphenol
N-Di(4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert. butylbenzyl)-octylaminExamples of compounds of the formula I are:
Tridecyl 4- (4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl) -3-thiabutyrate
3-thia-1,5-pentadiol-di [3- (4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl)] propionate
Di (3-thiapentadecyl) di (4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl) malonate
Octadecyl 4- (4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl) -3-thiabutyrate
4- (2-thiapropyl) -2,6-di-tert-butylphenol
Octadecyl 3- (4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl) propionate
3-thiapentadecyl-3- (4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl) propionate
Di (4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl) sulfide
Di (4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl) disulfide
2,4-di (octylthiomethyl) -6-methylphenol
N-octadecyl-3- (4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl) propionamide
N, N ′ - [3- (4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl) propionyl] hexamethylene diamine
4,4'-methylene-bis (2,6-di-tert.butylphenol)
2,2'-methylene-bis (2-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol)
2,4-di (4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylbenzyl) -6-tert. butylphenol
4,4'-methylene-bis [2-tert. butyl-4- (4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylbenzyl) phenol]
4-dimethylaminomethyl-2,6-di-tert. butylphenol
4-dibutylamino-methyl-2-methyl-6-tert. butylphenol
N-Di (4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylbenzyl) octylamine
Besonders bevorzugte Schmierstoffzusammensetzungen sind solche, worin
(B) eine Verbindung der Formel IX oder X ist,
(C) eine Verbindung der Formel I ist, worin A Wasserstoff, C₁-C₄-Alkyl oder eine Gruppe
B C₁-C₄-Alkyl bedeutet,
x C₁-C₄-Alkyl oder eine der Gruppen -CH₂-S-R², -CH₂CH₂COOR³, -CH₂N(R¹⁰)(R¹¹) oder
R² C₁-C₁₈-Alkyl oder -(CH₂)₂-COOR⁴ ist,
R³ C₁-C₁₈-Alkyl oder
R⁴ C₁-C₁₈-Alkyl ist und
R¹⁰ und R¹¹ C₁-C₆-Alkyl sind, oder (C) ein Reaktionsgemisch aus 2-tert. Butylphenol, 2,6-Di-tert. butylphenol und (Para)Formaldehyd ist.Particularly preferred lubricant compositions are those in which
(B) is a compound of formula IX or X,
(C) is a compound of formula I wherein A is hydrogen, C₁-C₄ alkyl or a group
B is C₁-C₄-alkyl,
x C₁-C₄-alkyl or one of the groups -CH₂-S-R², -CH₂CH₂COOR³, -CH₂N (R¹⁰) (R¹¹) or
R² is C₁-C₁₈ alkyl or - (CH₂) ₂-COOR⁴,
R³ C₁-C₁₈ alkyl or
R⁴ is C₁-C₁₈ alkyl and
R¹⁰ and R¹¹ are C₁-C₆-alkyl, or (C) a reaction mixture of 2-tert. Butylphenol, 2,6-di-tert. butylphenol and (para) formaldehyde.
Die Komponenten (B) und (C) können direkt dem Basisöl zugegeben werden oder man löst zuerst (B) und (C) in einer kleinen Menge Basisöl, gegebenenfalls unter Erwärmen, und mischt die Lösung mit der restlichen Menge des Oels. Man kann auch eine konzentrierte Lösung von (B) und (C) in einem Lösungsmittel dem Oel zumischen.Components (B) and (C) can be added directly to the base oil or first (B) and (C) are dissolved in a small amount of base oil, optionally with heating, and the solution is mixed with the remaining amount of the oil. A concentrated solution of (B) and (C) in a solvent can also be added to the oil.
Der Zusatz von (B) und (C) zum Basisöl bewirkt eine Stabilisierung gegen oxidativen Abbau und bewirkt in Motorenölen eine Verminderung der Schlammbildung.The addition of (B) and (C) to the base oil stabilizes them against oxidative degradation and reduces the formation of sludge in motor oils.
Die Schmiermittelzusammensetzung kann zusätzlich andere Additive enthalten, wie z.B. Phosphor-III-ester, Metalldesaktivatoren, Rostinhibitoren, Viskositätsindex-Verbesserer, Stockpunktserniedriger, Dispergiermittel, Tenside oder/und Verschleiss-schutz-Additive.The lubricant composition may additionally contain other additives such as e.g. Phosphorus III esters, metal deactivators, rust inhibitors, viscosity index improvers, pour point depressants, dispersants, surfactants and / or wear protection additives.
Beispiele für Phosphor-III-ester sind:
Triphenylphosphit, Decyl-diphenylphosphit, Phenyl-didecylphosphit, Tris-(nonylphenyl)-phosphit, Trilaurylphosphit, Trioctadecylphosphit, Distearyl-pentaerythritdiphosphit, Tris-(2,4-di-tert.butylphenyl)phosphit, Diisodecylpentaerythrit-diphosphit, Bis-(2,4-di-tert.butylphenyl)-pentaerythritdiphosphit , Tristearyl-sorbit-triphosphit, Tetrakis-(2,4-di-tert.butylphenyl)-4,4′-biphenylen-diphosphonit, Bis-(2,6-di-tert.butyl-4-methyl-phenyl)-pentaerythrit-diphosphit.Examples of phosphorus III esters are:
Triphenyl phosphite, decyl diphenyl phosphite, phenyl didecyl phosphite, tris (nonylphenyl) phosphite, trilauryl phosphite, trioctadecyl phosphite, distearyl pentaerythritol diphosphite, tris- (2,4-di-tert.butylphenyl) phosphite, diisodhritol bisdi 4-di-tert.butylphenyl) pentaerythritol diphosphite, tristearyl sorbitol triphosphite, tetrakis (2,4-di-tert.butylphenyl) -4,4′-biphenylene diphosphonite, bis- (2,6-di-tert .butyl-4-methylphenyl) pentaerythritol diphosphite.
Beispiele für Metall-Desaktivatoren, z.B. für Kupfer, sind:
Triazole, Benztriazole und deren Derivate, Tolutriazole und deren Derivate, 2-Mercaptobenzthiazol, 2-Mercaptobenztriazol, 2,5-Dimercaptobenztriazol, 2,5-Dimercaptobenzthiadiazol, 5,5′-Methylenbisbenztriazol, 4,5,6,7-Tetrahydrobenztriazol, Salicyliden-propylendiamin, Salicylaminoguanidin und dessen Salze.Examples of metal deactivators, for example for copper, are:
Triazoles, benzotriazoles and their derivatives, tolutriazoles and their derivatives, 2-mercaptobenzthiazole, 2-mercaptobenztriazole, 2,5-dimercaptobenztriazole, 2,5-dimercaptobenzthiadiazole, 5,5'-methylenebisbenzotriazole, 4,5,6,7-tetrahydrobenztriazole, salicylides -propylenediamine, salicylaminoguanidine and its salts.
Beispiele für Rost-Inhibitoren sind:
- a) Organische Säuren, ihre Ester, Metallsalze und Anhydride, z.B.: N-Oleoyl-sarcosin, Sorbitan-mono-oleat, Blei-naphthenat, Alkenylbernsteinsäureanhydrid, z.B. Dodecenylbernsteinsäure-anhydrid, Alkenylbernsteinsäure-Teilester und -Teilamide, 4-Nonylphenoxyessigsäure.
- b) Stickstoffhaltige Verbindungen, z.B.:
- I. Primäre, sekundäre oder tertiäre aliphatische oder cycloaliphatische Amine und Amin-Salze von organischen und anorganischen Säuren, z.B. öllösliche Alkylammoniumcarboxylate.
- II. Heterocyclische Verbindungen, z.B.: Substituierte Imidazoline und Oxazoline.
- c) Phosphorhaltige Verbindungen, z.B.: Aminsalze von Phosphorsäurepartialestern oder Phosphonsäurepartialestern, Zinkdialkyldithiophosphate.
- d) Schwefelhaltige Verbindungen, z.B.: Barium-dinonylnaphthalin-sulfonate, Calciumpetroleum-sulfonate.
- a) Organic acids, their esters, metal salts and anhydrides, for example: N-oleoyl sarcosine, sorbitan mono-oleate, lead naphthenate, alkenylsuccinic anhydride, for example dodecenylsuccinic anhydride, alkenylsuccinic acid partial esters and partial amides, 4-nonylphenoxyacid.
- b) nitrogen-containing compounds, for example:
- I. Primary, secondary or tertiary aliphatic or cycloaliphatic amines and amine salts of organic and inorganic acids, for example oil-soluble alkylammonium carboxylates.
- II. Heterocyclic compounds, for example: substituted imidazolines and oxazolines.
- c) phosphorus-containing compounds, for example: amine salts of phosphoric acid partial esters or phosphonic acid partial esters, zinc dialkyldithiophosphates.
- d) Sulfur-containing compounds, for example: barium dinonylnaphthalene sulfonates, calcium petroleum sulfonates.
Beispiele für Viskositätsindex-Verbesserer sind:
Polyacrylate, Polymethacrylate, Vinylpyrrolidon/Methacrylat-Copolymere, Polyvinylpyrrolidone, Polybutene, Olefin-Copolymere, Styrol/Acrylat-Copolymere, Polyether.Examples of viscosity index improvers are:
Polyacrylates, polymethacrylates, vinyl pyrrolidone / methacrylate copolymers, polyvinyl pyrrolidones, polybutenes, olefin copolymers, styrene / acrylate copolymers, polyethers.
Beispiele für Stockpunkterniedriger sind:
Polymethacrylat, alkylierte Naphthalinderivate.Examples of pour point depressants are:
Polymethacrylate, alkylated naphthalene derivatives.
Beispiele für Dispergiermittel/Tenside sind:
Polybutenylbernsteinsäureamide oder -imide, Polybutenylphosphonsäurederivate, basische Magnesium-, Calcium-, und Bariumsulfonate und -phenolate.Examples of dispersants / surfactants are:
Polybutenylsuccinic acid amides or imides, polybutenylphosphonic acid derivatives, basic magnesium, calcium and barium sulfonates and phenolates.
Beispiele für Verschleiss-schutz-Additive sind:
Schwefel und/oder Phosphor und/oder Halogen enthaltende Verbindungen, wie geschwefelte pflanzliche Oele, Zinkdialkyldithiophosphate, Tritolyl-phosphat, chlorierte Paraffine, Alkyl- und Aryldi- und tri-sulfide, Triphenylphosphorothionate, Diethanolaminomethyltolyltriazol, Di(2-ethylhexyl)aminomethyltolyltriazol.Examples of wear protection additives are:
Compounds containing sulfur and / or phosphorus and / or halogen, such as sulfurized vegetable oils, zinc dialkyldithiophosphates, tritolyl phosphate, chlorinated paraffins, alkyl and aryl di- and tri-sulfides, triphenyl phosphorothionates, diethanolaminomethyltolyltriazole, di (2-ethyltylylolyl) aminol.
Der Schmierstoff kann auch feste Schmierstoffe enthalten, wie z.B. Graphit oder Molybdänsulfid.The lubricant can also contain solid lubricants, e.g. Graphite or molybdenum sulfide.
Die folgenden Beispiele erläutern die Erfindung näher. Darin bedeuten % Gewichts-%.The following examples illustrate the invention. Therein% means% by weight.
Das Oxidationsverhalten von erfindungsgemäss stabilisierten Schmierölen wird nach der TOST-Methode (turbine oxidation stability test) gemäss ASTM D-943 geprüft.The oxidation behavior of lubricating oils stabilized according to the invention is tested according to the TOST method (turbine oxidation stability test) in accordance with ASTM D-943.
Hierzu werden 300 ml eines Mineralöls (Mobil STOCK 305), das 0,05 % eines Korrosionsinhibitors (Reocor® 12) enthält, mit 60 ml Wasser versetzt und in Gegenwart von Eisen- und Kupferdraht unter Durchleiten von Sauerstoff 1000 Stunden auf 95°C erwärmt. Gemessen wird die Bildung von Säuren durch Bestimmung der Neutralisationszahl TAN (mg KOH/g Oel) sowie die gebildete Menge an Schlamm = SLUDGE.For this purpose, 300 ml of a mineral oil (Mobil STOCK 305) containing 0.05% of a corrosion inhibitor (Reocor® 12) are mixed with 60 ml of water and heated to 95 ° C for 1000 hours in the presence of iron and copper wire while passing oxygen through . The formation of acids is measured by determining the neutralization number TAN (mg KOH / g oil) and the amount of sludge formed = SLUDGE.
Als Stabilisatoren werden verwendet:
Die Gesamtmenge an Stabilisatoren beträgt 0,25 %, bezogen auf das Oel. Die Zusammensetzung des Stabilisator-Gemisches wird variiert. Die Ergebnisse sind in Tabelle 1 aufgeführt.
Es wird wie in Beispiel 1 getestet. Als Stabilisatoren werden verwendet:
Die Gesamtkonzentration beträgt 0,25 %, bezogen auf das Oel.
Es wird wie in Beispiel 1 getestet Als Stabilisatoren werden verwendet:
Die Gesamtkonzentration beträgt 0,25 %. Die Ergebnisse sind in Tabelle 3 aufgeführt.
Es wird wie in Beispiel 1 getestet. Als Stabilisatoren werden verwendet:
Die Gesamtkonzentration beträgt 0,25 %. Die Ergebnisse sind in Tabelle 4 aufgeführt.
Es wird wie in Beispiel 1 getestet. Als Stabilisatoren werden verwendet:
Die Gesamtkonzentration beträgt 0,25 %. Die Ergebnisse sind in Tabelle 5 aufgeführt.
Die Oxidationsbeständigkeit der erfindungsgemäss stabilisierten Oele wird in einem Differential-Scanning-Kalorimeter gemessen. Dabei wird in einem Al-Schälchen ein Basisöl mit 0,025 % Eisen-III-acetylacetonat (als Oxidationskatalysator) und 0,55 % eines Stabilisators vermischt und im Kalorimeter unter 10 bar Sauerstoff isotherm auf 160°C erwärmt. Gemessen wird die Zeit bis zum Beginn der exothermen Reaktion TB (Induktionszeit) und die Zeit bis zum Ende der exothermen Reaktion TE. Je länger die Induktionszeit ist, desto höher ist die Oxidationsbeständigkeit. Als Stabilisatoren werden die phenolischen Antioxidantien P-1 und P-2 verwendet sowie:
P-3: Reaktionsprodukt von 160 g 2,6-Di-tert. butylphenol, 40 g 2-Tert. butylphenol, 5,8 g KOH, 50 ml Ethanol und 24 g Paraformaldehyd bei 80°C, enthaltend als Hauptkomponenten
P-3: reaction product of 160 g of 2,6-di-tert. butylphenol, 40 g 2-tert. butylphenol, 5.8 g KOH, 50 ml ethanol and 24 g paraformaldehyde at 80 ° C, containing as main components
P-5: Gemisch 1:1 von
Als sterisch gehindertes Amin wird verwendet
Die Ergebnisse sind in Tabelle 6 aufgeführt.
Daran ist zu ersehen, dass bei Verwendung von Stabilisatorgemischen aus 0,10 % der Komponente A und 0,45 % der Komponente B die Oxidationsbeständigkeit des Oeles höher ist als aus den Daten der einzelnen Komponenten zu erwarten wäre.This shows that when stabilizer mixtures of 0.10% of component A and 0.45% of component B are used, the oxidation resistance of the oil is higher than would be expected from the data of the individual components.
Die Oxidationsbeständigkeit wird wie in Beispiel 6 in einem Differential-Scanning-Kalorimeter getestet, mit dem Unterschied, dass statt unter Sauerstoff unter 8 bar Luft, der 380 ppm (NO)x beigemischt sind, gemessen wird und dass die isotherme Temperatur 170°C beträgt. Gemessen wird nur der Beginn der Exotherme.
Claims (23)
B C₁-C₂₄-Alkyl, C₅-C₁₂-Cycloalkyl, C₇-C₉-Phenylalkyl, Phenyl oder eine Gruppe -CH₂-S-R¹ bedeutet,
X·Wasserstoff, C₁-C₁₈-Alkyl oder eine der Gruppen -CaH2a-Sq-R², -CbH2b-CO-OR³, -CbH2b-CO-N(R⁵)(R⁶), -CH₂N(R¹⁰)(R¹¹) oder
R¹ C₁-C₁₈-Alkyl, Phenyl oder eine Gruppe -(CH₂)c-CO-OR⁴ oder -CH₂CH₂OR⁹ bedeutet,
R² Wasserstoff, C₁-C₁₈-Alkyl, Phenyl, Benzyl oder eine Gruppe
R³ C₁-C₅₀-Alkyl oder eine der Gruppen
bedeutet,
R⁴ C₁-C₂₄-Alkyl bedeutet,
R⁵ Wasserstoff, C₃-C₁₈-Alkyl oder Cyclohexyl bedeutet,
R⁶ C₁-C₁₈-Alkyl, Cyclohexyl, Phenyl, durch C₁-C₁₈-Alkyl substituiertes Phenyl oder eine der Gruppen
oder R⁵ und R⁶ zusammen C₄-C₈-Alkylen, das durch -O- oder -NH- unterbrochen sein kann, bedeuten,
R⁷ Wasserstoff, C₁-C₄-Alkyl oder Phenyl bedeutet,
R⁸ C₁-C₁₈-Alkyl bedeutet,
R⁹ Wasserstoff, C₁-C₂₄-Alkyl, Phenyl, C₂-C₁₈-Alkanoyl oder Benzoyl bedeutet,
R¹⁰ C₁-C₁₈-Alkyl, Cyclohexyl, Phenyl, durch C₁-C₁₈-Alkyl substituiertes Phenyl oder eine Gruppe
R¹¹ Wasserstoff, C₁-C₁₈-Alkyl, Cyclohexyl, oder eine Gruppe
R¹⁰ und R¹¹ zusammen C₄-C₈-Alkylen, das durch -O- oder -NH- unterbrochen sein kann, bedeuten
a 0, 1, 2 oder 3 ist,
b 0, 1, 2 oder 3 ist,
c 1 oder 2 ist,
d 1 bis 5 ist,
f 2 bis 8 ist und
q 1, 2, 3 oder 4 ist,
oder als Komponente (C) ein Gemisch von Polyphenolen, das durch Reaktion von mindestens einem Phenol der Formel
B is C₁-C₂₄-alkyl, C₅-C₁₂-cycloalkyl, C₇-C₉-phenylalkyl, phenyl or a group -CH₂-S-R¹,
X · hydrogen, C₁-C₁₈-alkyl or one of the groups -C a H 2a -S q -R², -C b H 2b -CO-OR³, -C b H 2b -CO-N (R⁵) (R⁶), -CH₂N (R¹⁰) (R¹¹) or
R¹ is C₁-C₁₈-alkyl, phenyl or a group - (CH₂) c -CO-OR⁴ or -CH₂CH₂OR⁹,
R² is hydrogen, C₁-C₁₈ alkyl, phenyl, benzyl or a group
R³ C₁-C₅₀ alkyl or one of the groups
means
R⁴ is C₁-C₂₄-alkyl,
R⁵ is hydrogen, C₃-C₁₈-alkyl or cyclohexyl,
R⁶ C₁-C₁₈-alkyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, phenyl substituted by C₁-C₁₈-alkyl or one of the groups
or R⁵ and R⁶ together are C₄-C₈-alkylene, which can be interrupted by -O- or -NH-,
R⁷ is hydrogen, C₁-C₄-alkyl or phenyl,
R⁸ is C₁-C₁₈ alkyl,
R⁹ is hydrogen, C₁-C₂₄-alkyl, phenyl, C₂-C₁₈-alkanoyl or benzoyl,
R¹⁰ C₁-C₁₈ alkyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, phenyl substituted by C₁-C₁₈ alkyl or a group
R¹¹ is hydrogen, C₁-C₁₈ alkyl, cyclohexyl, or a group
R¹⁰ and R¹¹ together are C₄-C₈-alkylene, which can be interrupted by -O- or -NH-
a is 0, 1, 2 or 3,
b is 0, 1, 2 or 3,
c is 1 or 2,
d is 1 to 5,
f is 2 to 8 and
q is 1, 2, 3 or 4,
or as component (C) a mixture of polyphenols, which by reaction of at least one phenol of the formula
B C₁-C₈-Alkyl, Cyclohexyl oder Phenyl bedeutet,
X C₁-C₈-Alkyl oder eine der Gruppen -CaH2a-S-R², -CbH2b-COOR³, -CH₂N(R¹⁰)(R¹¹) oder
R² C₁-C₁₂-Alkyl, Phenyl oder eine Gruppe -(CH₂)c-COOR⁴ bedeutet,
R³ C₁-C₁₈-Alkyl oder eine Gruppe
worin Q C₂-C₆-Alkylen, -CH₂CH₂SCH₂CH₂- oder -CH₂CH₂(OCH₂CH₂)d- bedeutet,
R⁴ C₁-C₁₈-Alkyl bedeutet,
R¹⁰ und R¹¹ unabhängig voneinander C₁-C₁₂-Alkyl sind oder
R¹⁰ und R¹¹ zusammen Pentamethylen oder 3-Oxapentamethylen bedeuten,
a 1 oder 2 ist, b 1 oder 2 ist, c 1 oder 2 ist und
d 1 bis 3 ist,
oder worin (C) ein Reaktionsgemisch ist aus einem Phenol der Formel
B is C₁-C₈-alkyl, cyclohexyl or phenyl,
X C₁-C₈-alkyl or one of the groups -C a H 2a -S-R², -C b H 2b -COOR³, -CH₂N (R¹⁰) (R¹¹) or
R² is C₁-C₁₂-alkyl, phenyl or a group - (CH₂) c -COOR⁴,
R³ C₁-C₁₈ alkyl or a group
wherein Q is C₂-C₆-alkylene, -CH₂CH₂SCH₂CH₂- or -CH₂CH₂ (OCH₂CH₂) d -,
R⁴ is C₁-C₁₈ alkyl,
R¹⁰ and R¹¹ are independently C₁-C₁₂ alkyl or
R¹⁰ and R¹¹ together represent pentamethylene or 3-oxapentamethylene,
a is 1 or 2, b is 1 or 2, c is 1 or 2 and
d is 1 to 3,
or wherein (C) is a reaction mixture of a phenol of the formula
(B) eine Verbindung der Formel IX oder X ist,
(C) eine Verbindung der Formel I ist, worin A Wasserstoff, C₁-C₄-Alkyl oder eine Gruppe
B C₁-C₄-Alkyl bedeutet,
X C₁-C₄-Alkyl oder eine der Gruppen -CH₂-S-R², -CH₂CH₂COOR³, -CH₂N(R¹⁰)(R¹¹) oder
R² C₁-C₁₈-Alkyl oder -(CH₂)₂-COOR⁴ ist,
R³ C₁-C₁₈-Alkyl oder
R⁴ C₁-C₁₈-Alkyl ist und
R¹⁰ und R¹¹ C₁-C₈-Alkyl sind, oder (C) ein Reaktionsgemisch aus 2-tert. Butylphenol, 2,6-Di-tert. butylphenol und (Para)Formaldehyd ist.19. Compositions according to claim 1, wherein
(B) is a compound of formula IX or X,
(C) is a compound of formula I wherein A is hydrogen, C₁-C₄ alkyl or a group
B is C₁-C₄-alkyl,
X is C₁-C₄-alkyl or one of the groups -CH₂-S-R², -CH₂CH₂COOR³, -CH₂N (R¹⁰) (R¹¹) or
R² is C₁-C₁₈ alkyl or - (CH₂) ₂-COOR⁴,
R³ C₁-C₁₈ alkyl or
R⁴ is C₁-C₁₈ alkyl and
R¹⁰ and R¹¹ are C₁-C₈-alkyl, or (C) a reaction mixture of 2-tert. Butylphenol, 2,6-di-tert. butylphenol and (para) formaldehyde.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH252889 | 1989-07-07 | ||
CH2528/89 | 1989-07-07 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0406826A1 true EP0406826A1 (en) | 1991-01-09 |
EP0406826B1 EP0406826B1 (en) | 1993-08-11 |
Family
ID=4235829
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP90112762A Expired - Lifetime EP0406826B1 (en) | 1989-07-07 | 1990-07-04 | Lubricant composition |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0406826B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2943004B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR0151400B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN1028243C (en) |
BR (1) | BR9003187A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2020558C (en) |
DD (1) | DD297443A5 (en) |
DE (1) | DE59002284D1 (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA905305B (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2671354A1 (en) * | 1991-01-08 | 1992-07-10 | Ciba Geigy Ag | LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING AN ASSOCIATION OF STABILIZERS. |
EP0716141A3 (en) * | 1994-12-07 | 1996-07-24 | Nippon Oil Co Ltd | |
WO2016156328A1 (en) * | 2015-03-31 | 2016-10-06 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Use of a lubricating composition comprising a hindered amine light stabilizer for improved piston cleanliness in an internal combustion engine |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US5486316A (en) * | 1987-06-01 | 1996-01-23 | Henkel Corporation | Aqueous lubricant and surface conditioner for formed metal surfaces |
JP3527555B2 (en) * | 1994-12-09 | 2004-05-17 | 出光興産株式会社 | Heat treated oil composition |
JP3508785B2 (en) * | 1994-12-13 | 2004-03-22 | 出光興産株式会社 | Lubricating oil composition for gears |
JP3527556B2 (en) * | 1994-12-14 | 2004-05-17 | 出光興産株式会社 | Lubricating oil composition for internal combustion engines |
JP4946063B2 (en) * | 2006-01-12 | 2012-06-06 | 日本精工株式会社 | Grease composition and rolling bearing |
BRPI0714961B1 (en) * | 2006-07-31 | 2016-11-22 | Ciba Holding Inc | lubricant composition |
WO2014017182A1 (en) | 2012-07-27 | 2014-01-30 | Jx日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 | Lubricant oil composition, and method for lubricating sliding material while preventing elution of copper and lead |
FR3020377B1 (en) * | 2014-04-25 | 2020-11-27 | Total Marketing Services | LUBRICATING COMPOSITION INCLUDING AN ANTI-CLICKING COMPOUND |
CN110273159A (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2019-09-24 | 宜兴市中大凯水处理有限公司 | A kind of new type high temperature corrosion inhibiter and preparation method thereof |
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- 1990-07-05 CA CA002020558A patent/CA2020558C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-07-05 BR BR909003187A patent/BR9003187A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1990-07-05 DD DD90342534A patent/DD297443A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-07-06 JP JP2179385A patent/JP2943004B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-07-06 ZA ZA905305A patent/ZA905305B/en unknown
- 1990-07-07 KR KR1019900010358A patent/KR0151400B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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WO2016156328A1 (en) * | 2015-03-31 | 2016-10-06 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Use of a lubricating composition comprising a hindered amine light stabilizer for improved piston cleanliness in an internal combustion engine |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DD297443A5 (en) | 1992-01-09 |
CA2020558C (en) | 2001-11-06 |
EP0406826B1 (en) | 1993-08-11 |
BR9003187A (en) | 1991-08-27 |
CN1028243C (en) | 1995-04-19 |
JP2943004B2 (en) | 1999-08-30 |
KR0151400B1 (en) | 1998-10-01 |
DE59002284D1 (en) | 1993-09-16 |
ZA905305B (en) | 1991-05-29 |
KR910003079A (en) | 1991-02-26 |
JPH0345696A (en) | 1991-02-27 |
CN1048560A (en) | 1991-01-16 |
CA2020558A1 (en) | 1991-01-08 |
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