EP0406826A1 - Lubricant composition - Google Patents

Lubricant composition Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0406826A1
EP0406826A1 EP90112762A EP90112762A EP0406826A1 EP 0406826 A1 EP0406826 A1 EP 0406826A1 EP 90112762 A EP90112762 A EP 90112762A EP 90112762 A EP90112762 A EP 90112762A EP 0406826 A1 EP0406826 A1 EP 0406826A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
alkyl
formula
hydrogen
group
phenyl
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP90112762A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0406826B1 (en
Inventor
Samuel Dr. Evans
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BASF Schweiz AG
Original Assignee
Ciba Geigy AG
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0406826A1 publication Critical patent/EP0406826A1/en
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    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M133/00Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
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    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M141/00Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M141/08Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being an organic sulfur-, selenium- or tellurium-containing compound
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    • C10M129/00Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
    • C10M129/02Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M129/04Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M129/10Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
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    • C10M129/02Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M129/68Esters
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    • C10M133/02Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
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    • C10M133/02Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M133/04Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M133/06Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M133/08Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups
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    • C10M133/02Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M133/04Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M133/12Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
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    • C10M133/16Amides; Imides
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    • C10M133/38Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
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    • C10M133/02Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
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    • C10M135/20Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides
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    • C10M135/22Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
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    • C10M135/22Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M135/26Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing carboxyl groups; Derivatives thereof
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    • C10M135/20Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides
    • C10M135/28Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides containing sulfur atoms bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
    • C10M135/30Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides containing sulfur atoms bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring containing hydroxy groups; Derivatives thereof
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    • C10M141/06Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being an organic nitrogen-containing compound
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Definitions

  • the present invention relates to lubricant compositions that are stabilized against oxidative degradation. Stabilization is achieved by adding at least two specific additives.
  • Organic antioxidants for lubricants are primarily organic sulfur and phosphorus compounds, but also aromatic amines and phenols, especially sterically hindered phenols (see, for example, Ullmanns Encyklopadie der Technische Chemie, 4th edition, Verlag Chemie, Volume 20 (1981); page 541- 43).
  • Sterically hindered amines have also been proposed as stabilizers for lubricating oils, e.g. in US-A-4 069 199 or JP-A-85/28496.
  • EP-A-356 677 proposes mixtures of aromatic amines and sterically hindered amines as antioxidants for lubricants, it also being possible to add phenolic antioxidants to these mixtures.
  • the weight ratio of (B) to (C) is preferably 1: 1 to 1: 100, in particular 1: 3 to 1:20.
  • the sum of (B) and (C) is preferably 0.05 to 5% by weight, in particular 0.1 to 3% by weight, of (A).
  • a and B as C1-C24 alkyl can be linear or branched alkyl, e.g. Methyl, ethyl, i-propyl, t-butyl, s-butyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, n-hexyl, i-hexyl, t-hexyl, i-heptyl, n-octyl, t-octyl, s- Decyl, s-dodecyl, n-dodecyl, s-tetradecyl, n-hexadecyl, n-octadecyl, s-octadecyl or n-eikosyl.
  • a and B as cycloalkyl can e.g. Cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl or cyclooctyl, especially cyclohexyl.
  • a and B as phenylalkyl can e.g. Be benzyl, phenylethyl, phenylpropyl or ⁇ , ⁇ -dimethylbenzyl.
  • R5 and R6 as C1-C12 alkyl can be, for example, methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, octyl, decyl or dodecyl.
  • R1, R2, R3 and R8 as C1-C18 alkyl can also be, for example, tetradecyl, hexadecyl or octadecyl.
  • R4 as C1-C24 alkyl can also be, for example, eikosyl or tetraeikosyl.
  • the index a is preferably 0, 1 or 2, in particular 0 or 1; b is preferably 0, 1 or 2, in particular 1 or 2; q is preferably 1 or 2, in particular 1.
  • Component (A) is a mineral or synthetic base oil, as is common for the preparation of lubricants.
  • Synthetic oils can e.g. Esters of polycarboxylic acids or of polyols, they can be aliphatic polyesters or poly- ⁇ -olefins, silicones, phosphoric acid esters or polyalkylene glycols.
  • the lubricant can also be a grease based on an oil and a thickener. Such lubricants are e.g. described in D. Klamann "Lubricants and related products", Verlag Chemie, Weinheim 1982.
  • Component (B) can be any cyclic or non-cyclic, preferably cyclic, hindered amine.
  • (B) is preferably a compound which contains at least one group of the formula II, where R is hydrogen or methyl. R is preferably hydrogen.
  • R is hydrogen or methyl.
  • R is preferably hydrogen.
  • These are derivatives of polyalkylpiperidines, in particular 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine. These compounds preferably bear one or two polar substituents or a polar spiro ring system in the 4-position of the piperidine ring. These compounds can be low molecular weight or oligomeric or polymeric compounds.
  • n is a number from 1 to 4, preferably 1 or 2
  • R is hydrogen or methyl
  • R11 is hydrogen, oxyl, hydroxyl, C1-C12-alkyl, C3-C8 alkenyl, C3-C8-alkynyl, C7-C12-aralkyl , C1-C18 alkoxy, C5-C8-cycloalkoxy, C7-C9-phenylalkoxy, C1-C8-alkanoyl, C3-C5-alkenoyl, C1-C18-alkanoyloxy, benzyloxy, glycidyl or a group -CH2CH (OH) -Z , in which Z is hydrogen, methyl or phenyl, where R11 is preferably H, C1-C4-alkyl, allyl, benzyl, acetyl or acryloyl and R12, when n is 1, is hydrogen, C
  • substituents are C1-C12-alkyl, they represent e.g. Methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, n-hexyl, n-octyl, 2-ethyl-hexyl, n-nonyl, n-decyl, n-undecyl or n- Dodecyl.
  • R11 or R12 can e.g. represent the groups listed above and, for example, n-tridecyl, n-tetradecyl, n-hexadecyl or n-octadecyl.
  • R11 is C3-C8-alkenyl, it can e.g. 1-propenyl, allyl, methallyl, 2-butenyl, 2-pentenyl, 2-hexenyl, 2-octenyl, 4-tert. Act butyl-2-butenyl.
  • R11 is preferably as C3-C8 alkynyl propargyl.
  • R11 is especially phenethyl and especially benzyl.
  • R11 is as C1-C8 alkanoyl, for example formyl, propionyl, butyryl, octanoyl, but preferably acetyl and as C3-C5-alkenoyl in particular acryloyl.
  • R12 is a monovalent radical of a carboxylic acid, it is, for example, acetic, caproic, stearic, acrylic, methacrylic, benzoic or ⁇ - (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) - propionic acid residue.
  • R 12 is a divalent radical of a dicarboxylic acid, it represents, for example, malonic, succinic, glutaric, adipic, suberic, sebacic, maleic, itaconic, phthalic, dibutylmalonic, dibenzylmalonic, butyl (3 , 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) -malonic acid or bicycloheptenedicarboxylic acid residue.
  • R 12 represents a trivalent carboxylic acid residue, it means, for example, a trimellitic acid, citric acid or nitrilotriacetic acid residue.
  • R 12 represents a tetravalent radical of a tetracarboxylic acid, it means e.g. the tetravalent residue of butane-1,2,3,4-tetracarboxylic acid or of pyromellitic acid.
  • R12 is a divalent radical of a dicarbamic acid, it represents, for example, a hexamethylene dicarbamic acid or a 2,4-tolylene dicarbamic acid radical.
  • Preferred compounds of the formula III are those in which R is hydrogen, R11 is hydrogen or methyl, n is 1 and R12 is C1-C18-alkyl or n is 2 and R12 is the diacyl radical of an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid having 4-12 C atoms.
  • R13 is hydrogen, C1-C12-alkyl, C2-C5-hydroxyalkyl, C5-C7-cycloalkyl, C7-C8-aralkyl, C2-C18 -Alkanoyl, C3-C5-alkenoyl, benzoyl or a group of the formula is and R14 when n is 1, hydrogen, C1-C18-alkyl, C3-C8-alkenyl, C5-C7-cycloalkyl, C1-C4-alkyl, glycidyl substituted with a hydroxy, cyano, alkoxycarbonyl or carbamide group, one Group of the formula -CH2-CH (OH) -Z or the formula -CONH-Z, wherein Z is hydrogen, methyl or phenyl; when n is 2, C2-C12 alkylene, C6-C12
  • any substituents are C5-C7-cycloalkyl, they represent in particular cyclohexyl.
  • R13 is especially phenylethyl or especially benzyl.
  • R13 is in particular 2-hydroxyethyl or 2-hydroxypropyl.
  • R13 is as C2-C18 alkanoyl, for example propionyl, butyryl, octanoyl, dodecanoyl, hexadecanoyl, octadecanoyl, but preferably acetyl and as C3-C5-alkenoyl in particular acryloyl.
  • R14 is C2-C8 alkenyl, then it is e.g. allyl, methallyl, 2-butenyl, 2-pentenyl, 2-hexenyl or 2-octenyl.
  • R14 as a C1-C4-alkyl substituted with a hydroxy, cyano, alkoxycarbonyl or carbamide group can be, for example, 2-hydroxyethyl, 2-hydroxypropyl, 2-cyanoethyl, methoxycarbonylmethyl, 2-ethoxycarbonylethyl, 2-aminocarbonylpropyl or 2- (dimethylaminocarbonyl) - be ethyl.
  • substituents are C2-C12 alkylene, they are e.g. around ethylene, propylene, 2,2-dimethylpropylene, tetramethylene, hexamethylene, octamethylene, decamethylene or dodecamethylene.
  • substituents are C6-C15 arylene, they represent e.g. o-, m- or p-phenylene, 1,4-naphthylene or 4,4'-diphenylene.
  • D is especially cyclohexylene.
  • n is the number 1 or 2
  • R and R11 have the meaning given under a) and R15, if n is 1, C2-C8-alkylene or hydroxyalkylene or C4-C22-acyloxyalkylene, if n is 2, the group ( -CH2) 2C means (CH2-) 2.
  • R15 means C2-C8 alkylene or hydroxyalkylene, it represents, for example, ethylene, 1-methyl-ethylene, propylene, 2-ethyl-propylene or 2-ethyl-2-hydroxymethylpropylene.
  • R15 means e.g. 2-ethyl-2-acetoxymethylpropylene.
  • R16 is hydrogen, C1-C12-alkyl, allyl, benzyl, glycidyl or C2-C6-alkoxyalkyl and R17, if n is 1, is hydrogen , C1-C12-alkyl, C3-C5-alkenyl, C7-C9-aralkyl, C5-C7 cycloalkyl, C2-C4-hydroxyalkyl, C2-C6-alkoxyalkyl, C6-C10-aryl, glycidyl or a group of the formula - ( CH2) p -COO-Q or of the formula - (CH2) p -O-CO-Q, where p is 1 or 2 and Q is C1-C4 alkyl or phenyl, if n is 2, C2-C12 alkylene, C4- C
  • substituents are C1-C12-alkyl, they represent e.g. Methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, n-hexyl, n-octyl, 2-ethyl-hexyl, n-nonyl, n-decyl, n-undecyl or n- Dodecyl.
  • C1-C18 alkyl can e.g. represent the groups listed above and, for example, n-tridecyl, n-tetradecyl, n-hexadecyl or n-octadecyl.
  • substituents are C2-C6alkoxyalkyl, they are e.g. Methoxymethyl, ethoxymethyl, propoxymethyl, tert-butoxymethyl, ethoxyethyl, ethoxypropyl, n-butoxyethyl, tert-butoxyethyl, isopropoxyethyl or propoxypropyl.
  • R17 represents C3-C5-alkenyl, it means for example 1-propenyl, allyl, methallyl, 2-butenyl or 2-pentenyl.
  • R17, T1 and T2 are especially phenethyl or especially benzyl. If T1 and T2 form a cycloalkane ring together with the C atom, this can e.g. be a cyclopentane, cyclohexane, cyclooctane or cyclododecane ring.
  • R17 is C2-C4-hydroxyalkyl, it is e.g. 2-hydroxyethyl, 2-hydroxypropyl, 2-hydroxybutyl or 4-hydroxybutyl.
  • R17, T1 and T2 are in particular phenyl, ⁇ - or ⁇ -naphthyl, which are optionally substituted by halogen or C1-C4-alkyl.
  • R17 is C2-C12 alkylene, it is e.g. around ethylene, propylene, 2,2-dimethylpropylene, tetramethylene, hexamethylene, octamethylene, decamethylene or dodecamethylene.
  • R17 means in particular 2-butenylene, 2-pentenylene or 3-hexenylene.
  • R17 means C6-C12 arylene, it represents, for example, o-, m- or p-phenylene, 1,4-naphthylene or 4,4'-diphenylene.
  • Z 'means C2-C12 alkanoyl, for example propionyl, butyryl, octanoyl, dodecanoyl, but preferably acetyl.
  • D as C2-C10 alkylene, C6-C15 arylene or C6-C12 cycloalkylene has the meaning given under b).
  • n is the number 1 or 2 and R18 is a group of the formula means in which R and R11 have the meaning given under a)
  • E is -O- or -NR21-
  • A is C2-C6-alkylene or - (CH2) 3-O- and x is the number 0 or 1
  • R19 is the same R18 or one of the groups -NR21R22, -OR23, -NHCH2OR23 or -N (CH2OR23) 2,
  • substituents are C1-C12-alkyl, they are, for example, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, n-hexyl, n-octyl, 2-ethylhexyl, n-nonyl , n-decyl, n-undecyl or n-dodecyl.
  • substituents are C1-C4-hydroxyalkyl, they represent e.g. 2-hydroxyethyl, 2-hydroxypropyl, 3-hydroxypropyl, 2-hydroxybutyl or 4-hydroxybutyl.
  • R21 and R22 together represent C4-C5-alkylene or -oxaalkylene, this means e.g. Tetramethylene, pentamethylene or 3-oxapentamethylene.
  • polyalkylpiperidine compounds of this class are the compounds of the following formulas:
  • oligomers or polymeric compounds whose recurring structural unit contains a 2,2,6,6-tetraalkylpiperidine radical of the formula (I), in particular polyesters, polyethers, polyamides, polyamines, polyurethanes, polyureas, polyaminotriazines, poly (meth) acrylates, poly ( meth) acrylamides and their copolymers which contain such radicals.
  • 2,2,6,6-polyalkylpiperidine light stabilizers of this class are the compounds of the following formulas, where m is a number from 2 to about 200.
  • R is hydrogen or methyl and R 11 is hydrogen or methyl.
  • the polyalkylpiperidines are known compounds and are used as light stabilizers for organic materials. Some of them are commercially available.
  • Component (C) is a phenolic antioxidant.
  • Preferred (C) is a compound of formula I, wherein A is hydrogen, C1-C8-alkyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl or a group means B is C1-C8-alkyl, cyclohexyl or phenyl, X C1-C8-alkyl or one of the groups -C a H 2a -S-R2, -C b H 2b -COOR3, -CH2N (R10) (R11) or means R2 is C1-C12-alkyl, phenyl or a group - (CH2) c -COOR4, R3 C1-C18 alkyl or a group is wherein Q is C2-C6-alkylene, -CH2CH2SCH2CH2- or -CH2CH2 (OCH2CH2) d -, R4 is C1-C18 alkyl, R10 and R11 are independently C1-
  • a class which is particularly suitable as component (C) are the compounds of the formula I in which A and B independently of one another are C1-C4alkyl, X is a group -C a H 2a -S q -R2, a is 0 or 1, q is 1 or 2, R2 is C4-C18-alkyl, phenyl or -CH2-CO-OR und and R4 is C1-C18-alkyl, in particular the compounds of the formula I, in which A and B independently of one another are C1-C4-alkyl , X is -CH2-S-R2, R2 is C8-C12-alkyl or -CH2-CO-OR4 and R4 is C8-C18-alkyl.
  • Particularly preferred in this class are compounds of the formula I in which A and B are tert-butyl and X is -CH2SCH2COO (C8-C13-alkyl).
  • component (C) Another class particularly suitable as component (C) are the compounds of the formula I in which A and B independently of one another are C1-C4alkyl, X is a group -C b H 2b -CO-OR3, b is 1 or 2 and R3 is one of the groups means especially the compounds of formula I, wherein X is a group - (CH2) 2-CO-OR3 and R3 is a group means.
  • component (C) Another class particularly suitable as component (C) are the methylene bisphenols of the formula wherein A, B and X are independently C1-C4 alkyl.
  • Mixtures of polyphenols such as are obtained by reacting at least one dialkylated phenol of the formula, are also particularly suitable as component (C) with at least one monoalkylated phenol of the formula and formaldehyde or paraformaldehyde is obtained, where C, D and E are independently C1-C4-alkyl.
  • the resulting mixtures mainly contain diphenols and triphenols.
  • Examples of compounds of the formula I are: Tridecyl 4- (4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl) -3-thiabutyrate 3-thia-1,5-pentadiol-di [3- (4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl)] propionate Di (3-thiapentadecyl) di (4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl) malonate Octadecyl 4- (4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl) -3-thiabutyrate 4- (2-thiapropyl) -2,6-di-tert-butylphenol Octadecyl 3- (4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl) propionate 3-thiapentadecyl-3- (4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl) propionate Di (4-hydroxy-3,
  • butylphenol 4,4'-methylene-bis [2-tert. butyl-4- (4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylbenzyl) phenol] 4-dimethylaminomethyl-2,6-di-tert. butylphenol 4-dibutylamino-methyl-2-methyl-6-tert. butylphenol N-Di (4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylbenzyl) octylamine
  • compositions are those in which (B) is a compound of formula IX or X, wherein n is 1 or 2, R11 is hydrogen or methyl and Y, when n is 1, means -O (C8-C15-alkyl), and when n is 2, a group -NH- (CH2) 6-NH- or Means -O-CO- (CH2) m -CO-O-, wherein m is 2-8, and (C) is a compound of formula I wherein A is hydrogen, C1-C4 alkyl or a group means B is C1-C4-alkyl, x C1-C4-alkyl or one of the groups -CH2-S-R2, -CH2CH2COOR3, -CH2N (R10) (R11) or means R2 is C1-C18 alkyl or - (CH2) 2-COOR4, R3 C1-C18 alkyl or means R4 is C1-C18 alkyl and R10 and R11 are
  • Components (B) and (C) can be added directly to the base oil or first (B) and (C) are dissolved in a small amount of base oil, optionally with heating, and the solution is mixed with the remaining amount of the oil.
  • a concentrated solution of (B) and (C) in a solvent can also be added to the oil.
  • the lubricant composition may additionally contain other additives such as e.g. Phosphorus III esters, metal deactivators, rust inhibitors, viscosity index improvers, pour point depressants, dispersants, surfactants and / or wear protection additives.
  • additives e.g. Phosphorus III esters, metal deactivators, rust inhibitors, viscosity index improvers, pour point depressants, dispersants, surfactants and / or wear protection additives.
  • Examples of phosphorus III esters are: Triphenyl phosphite, decyl diphenyl phosphite, phenyl didecyl phosphite, tris (nonylphenyl) phosphite, trilauryl phosphite, trioctadecyl phosphite, distearyl pentaerythritol diphosphite, tris- (2,4-di-tert.butylphenyl) phosphite, diisodhritol bisdi 4-di-tert.butylphenyl) pentaerythritol diphosphite, tristearyl sorbitol triphosphite, tetrakis (2,4-di-tert.butylphenyl) -4,4′-biphenylene diphosphonite, bis- (2,6-di-tert .butyl-4-methyl
  • metal deactivators for example for copper
  • Triazoles Triazoles, benzotriazoles and their derivatives, tolutriazoles and their derivatives, 2-mercaptobenzthiazole, 2-mercaptobenztriazole, 2,5-dimercaptobenztriazole, 2,5-dimercaptobenzthiadiazole, 5,5'-methylenebisbenzotriazole, 4,5,6,7-tetrahydrobenztriazole, salicylides -propylenediamine, salicylaminoguanidine and its salts.
  • viscosity index improvers are: Polyacrylates, polymethacrylates, vinyl pyrrolidone / methacrylate copolymers, polyvinyl pyrrolidones, polybutenes, olefin copolymers, styrene / acrylate copolymers, polyethers.
  • pour point depressants are: Polymethacrylate, alkylated naphthalene derivatives.
  • dispersants / surfactants are: Polybutenylsuccinic acid amides or imides, polybutenylphosphonic acid derivatives, basic magnesium, calcium and barium sulfonates and phenolates.
  • wear protection additives are: Compounds containing sulfur and / or phosphorus and / or halogen, such as sulfurized vegetable oils, zinc dialkyldithiophosphates, tritolyl phosphate, chlorinated paraffins, alkyl and aryl di- and tri-sulfides, triphenyl phosphorothionates, diethanolaminomethyltolyltriazole, di (2-ethyltylylolyl) aminol.
  • sulfurized vegetable oils such as sulfurized vegetable oils, zinc dialkyldithiophosphates, tritolyl phosphate, chlorinated paraffins, alkyl and aryl di- and tri-sulfides, triphenyl phosphorothionates, diethanolaminomethyltolyltriazole, di (2-ethyltylylolyl) aminol.
  • the lubricant can also contain solid lubricants, e.g. Graphite or molybdenum sulfide.
  • the oxidation behavior of lubricating oils stabilized according to the invention is tested according to the TOST method (turbine oxidation stability test) in accordance with ASTM D-943.
  • a mineral oil Mobil STOCK 305 containing 0.05% of a corrosion inhibitor (Reocor® 12) are mixed with 60 ml of water and heated to 95 ° C for 1000 hours in the presence of iron and copper wire while passing oxygen through .
  • the total amount of stabilizers is 0.25%, based on the oil.
  • the composition of the stabilizer mixture is varied. The results are shown in Table 1.
  • the oxidation resistance of the oils stabilized according to the invention is measured in a differential scanning calorimeter.
  • a base oil with 0.025% iron (III) acetylacetonate (as an oxidation catalyst) and 0.55% of a stabilizer is mixed in an aluminum dish and isothermally heated to 160 ° C under 10 bar oxygen in the calorimeter.
  • the time until the start of the exothermic reaction T B (induction time) and the time until the end of the exothermic reaction T E are measured. The longer the induction time, the higher the resistance to oxidation.
  • the phenolic antioxidants P-1 and P-2 are used as stabilizers as well as: P-3: reaction product of 160 g of 2,6-di-tert. butylphenol, 40 g 2-tert. butylphenol, 5.8 g KOH, 50 ml ethanol and 24 g paraformaldehyde at 80 ° C, containing as main components
  • the sterically hindered amine is used
  • the oxidation resistance is tested as in Example 6 in a differential scanning calorimeter, with the difference that instead of oxygen under 8 bar of air, which is mixed with 380 ppm (NO) x , is measured and that the isothermal temperature is 170 ° C. . Only the beginning of the exotherm is measured.
  • Table 7 stabilizer T B (min) 0.55% P-2 11.2 0.55% H-5 ⁇ 2 0.45% P-2 + 0.10% H-5 20.7 0.55% P-6 3.8 0.55% H-5 ⁇ 2 0.45% P-6 + 0.10% H-5 10.8

Abstract

Lubricants can be stabilised against oxidation by addition of a) a sterically hindered amine and b) a phenol of the formula I <IMAGE> in which A, B and X are as defined in Claim 1. Preferably, phenols of the formula I are used which contain a thioether group.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft Schmierstoffzusammensetzungen, die gegen oxidativen Abbau stabilisiert sind. Die Stabilisierung erfolgt durch Zusatz von mindestens zwei spezifischen Zusatzstoffen.The present invention relates to lubricant compositions that are stabilized against oxidative degradation. Stabilization is achieved by adding at least two specific additives.

Es ist bekannt und üblich, zu Schmierstoffen auf Basis von Mineralölen oder synthetischen Oelen Zusatzstoffe zur Verbesserung ihrer Gebrauchs­eigenschaften zuzusetzen. Von besonderer Bedeutung sind Zusatzstoffe gegen oxidativen Abbau der Schmierstoffe, sogenannte Antioxidantien. Der oxidative Abbau von Schmierstoffen spielt vor allem bei Motorenölen eine grosse Rolle, da im Verbrennungsraum der Motoren hohe Temperaturen herrschen und neben Sauerstoff Stickoxide (NOx) vorhanden sind, welche als Oxidationskatalysatoren wirken.It is known and customary to add additives to lubricants based on mineral oils or synthetic oils to improve their performance properties. Additives against oxidative degradation of the lubricants, so-called antioxidants, are of particular importance. The oxidative degradation of lubricants plays a major role, especially in the case of engine oils, since the engine's combustion chamber has high temperatures and, in addition to oxygen, nitrogen oxides (NO x ) are present, which act as oxidation catalysts.

Als Antioxidantien für Schmierstoffe werden vor allem organische Schwefel- und Phosphorverbindungen verwendet, aber auch aromatische Amine und Phenole, insbesondere sterisch gehinderte Phenole (siehe z.B. Ullmanns Encyklopädie der technischen Chemie, 4. Auflage, Verlag Chemie, Band 20 (1981); Seite 541-43).Organic antioxidants for lubricants are primarily organic sulfur and phosphorus compounds, but also aromatic amines and phenols, especially sterically hindered phenols (see, for example, Ullmanns Encyklopadie der Technische Chemie, 4th edition, Verlag Chemie, Volume 20 (1981); page 541- 43).

Es wurden auch schon sterisch gehinderte Amine als Stabilisatoren für Schmieröle vorgeschlagen, z.B. in der US-A-4 069 199 oder der JP-A-85/28496.Sterically hindered amines have also been proposed as stabilizers for lubricating oils, e.g. in US-A-4 069 199 or JP-A-85/28496.

In der EP-A-356 677 wurden Gemische von aromatischen Aminen und sterisch gehinderten Aminen als Antioxidantien für Schmierstoffe vorgeschlagen, wobei diesen Gemischen auch phenolische Antioxidantien zugesetzt werden können.EP-A-356 677 proposes mixtures of aromatic amines and sterically hindered amines as antioxidants for lubricants, it also being possible to add phenolic antioxidants to these mixtures.

Es wurde gefunden, dass sich Kombinationen von phenolischen Antioxi­dantien mit sterisch gehinderten Aminen auch ohne Zusatz von aromatischen Aminen hervorragend zur Stabilisierung von Schmierstoffen eignen.It has been found that combinations of phenolic antioxidants with sterically hindered amines are outstandingly suitable for stabilizing lubricants even without the addition of aromatic amines.

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Schmierstoffzusammensetzung, enthaltend

  • (A) ein mineralisches oder synthetisches Oel oder ein Gemisch solcher Oele,
  • (B) mindestens ein sterisch gehindertes Amin und
  • (C) mindestens ein Phenol der Formel I,
    Figure imgb0001
    worin A Wasserstoff, C₁-C₂₄-Alkyl, C₅-C₁₂-Cycloalkyl, C₇-C₉-Phenylalkyl, Phenyl oder eine Gruppe -CH₂-S-R¹ oder
    Figure imgb0002
    bedeutet,
    B C₁-C₂₄-Alkyl, C₅-C₁₂-Cycloalkyl, C₇-C₉-Phenylalkyl, Phenyl oder eine Gruppe -CH₂-S-R¹ bedeutet,
    X Wasserstoff, C₁-C₁₈-Alkyl oder eine der Gruppen -CaH2a-Sq-R², -CbH2b-CO-OR³, -CbH2b-CO-N(R⁵)(R⁶), -CH₂N(R¹⁰)(R¹¹) oder
    Figure imgb0003
    bedeutet,
    R¹ C₁-C₁₈-Alkyl, Phenyl oder eine Gruppe -(CH₂)c-CO-OR⁴ oder -CH₂CH₂OR⁹ bedeutet,
    R² Wasserstoff, C₁-C₁₈-Alkyl, Phenyl, Benzyl, oder eine Gruppe
    Figure imgb0004
    oder -(CH₂)c-CO-OR⁴ oder -CH₂CH₂OR⁹ bedeutet,
    R³ C₁-C₅₀-Alkyl, oder eine der Gruppen
    Figure imgb0005
    bedeutet, worin Q C₂-C₈-Alkylen, C₄-C₆-Thiaalkylen oder eine Gruppe -CH₂CH₂(OCH₂CH₂)d- ist,
    R⁴ C₁-C₂₄-Alkyl bedeutet,
    R⁵ Wasserstoff, C₁-C₁₈-Alkyl oder Cyclohexyl bedeutet,
    R⁶ C₁-C₁₈-Alkyl, Cyclohexyl, Phenyl, durch C₁-C₁₈-Alkyl substituiertes Phenyl oder eine der Gruppen
    Figure imgb0006
    Figure imgb0007
    bedeutet,
    oder R⁵ und R⁶ zusammen C₄-C₈-Alkylen, das durch -O- oder -NH- unterbro­chen sein kann, bedeuten,
    R⁷ Wasserstoff, C₁-C₄-Alkyl oder Phenyl bedeutet,
    R⁸ C₁-C₁₈-Alkyl bedeutet,
    R⁹ Wasserstoff, C₁-C₂₄-Alkyl, Phenyl, C₂-C₁₈-Alkanoyl oder Benzoyl bedeutet,
    R¹⁰ C₁-C₁₈-Alkyl, Cyclohexyl, Phenyl, durch C₁-C₁₈-Alkyl substituiertes Phenyl oder eine Gruppe
    Figure imgb0008
    bedeutet,
    R¹¹ Wasserstoff, C₁-C₁₈-Alkyl, Cyclohexyl, oder eine Gruppe
    Figure imgb0009
    bedeutet oder
    R¹⁰ und R¹¹ zusammen C₄-C₈-Alkylen, das durch -O- oder -NH- unterbrochen sein kann, bedeuten
    a 0, 1, 2 oder 3 ist,
    b 0, 1, 2 oder 3 ist,
    c 1 oder 2 ist,
    d 1 bis 5 ist,
    f 2 bis 8 ist und
    q 1, 2, 3 oder 4 ist,
    oder als Komponente (C) ein Gemisch von Polyphenolen, das durch Reaktion von mindestens einem Phenol der Formel
    Figure imgb0010
    mit mindestens einem Phenol der Formel
    Figure imgb0011
    und mit Formaldehyd bzw. Paraformaldehyd entsteht, wobei C, D und E unabhängig voneinander C₁-C₂₄-Alkyl, Cyclohexyl oder Phenyl bedeuten, wobei die Zusammensetzung kein aromatisches Amin enthält.
The present invention relates to a lubricant composition containing
  • (A) a mineral or synthetic oil or a mixture of such oils,
  • (B) at least one sterically hindered amine and
  • (C) at least one phenol of the formula I,
    Figure imgb0001
    wherein A is hydrogen, C₁-C₂₄-alkyl, C₅-C₁₂-cycloalkyl, C₇-C₉-phenylalkyl, phenyl or a group -CH₂-S-R¹ or
    Figure imgb0002
    means
    B is C₁-C₂₄-alkyl, C₅-C₁₂-cycloalkyl, C₇-C₉-phenylalkyl, phenyl or a group -CH₂-S-R¹,
    X is hydrogen, C₁-C₁₈-alkyl or one of the groups -C a H 2a -S q -R², -C b H 2b -CO-OR³, -C b H 2b -CO-N (R⁵) (R⁶), - CH₂N (R¹⁰) (R¹¹) or
    Figure imgb0003
    means
    R¹ is C₁-C₁₈-alkyl, phenyl or a group - (CH₂) c -CO-OR⁴ or -CH₂CH₂OR⁹,
    R² is hydrogen, C₁-C₁₈ alkyl, phenyl, benzyl, or a group
    Figure imgb0004
    or - (CH₂) c -CO-OR⁴ or -CH₂CH₂OR⁹,
    R³ C₁-C₅₀ alkyl, or one of the groups
    Figure imgb0005
    means in which Q is C₂-C₈-alkylene, C₄-C₆-thiaalkylene or a group -CH₂CH₂ (OCH₂CH₂) d -,
    R⁴ is C₁-C₂₄-alkyl,
    R⁵ is hydrogen, C₁-C₁₈ alkyl or cyclohexyl,
    R⁶ C₁-C₁₈-alkyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, phenyl substituted by C₁-C₁₈-alkyl or one of the groups
    Figure imgb0006
    Figure imgb0007
    means
    or R⁵ and R⁶ together are C₄-C₈-alkylene, which can be interrupted by -O- or -NH-,
    R⁷ is hydrogen, C₁-C₄-alkyl or phenyl,
    R⁸ is C₁-C₁₈ alkyl,
    R⁹ is hydrogen, C₁-C₂₄-alkyl, phenyl, C₂-C₁₈-alkanoyl or benzoyl,
    R¹⁰ C₁-C₁₈ alkyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, phenyl substituted by C₁-C₁₈ alkyl or a group
    Figure imgb0008
    means
    R¹¹ is hydrogen, C₁-C₁₈ alkyl, cyclohexyl, or a group
    Figure imgb0009
    means or
    R¹⁰ and R¹¹ together are C₄-C₈-alkylene, which can be interrupted by -O- or -NH-
    a is 0, 1, 2 or 3,
    b is 0, 1, 2 or 3,
    c is 1 or 2,
    d is 1 to 5,
    f is 2 to 8 and
    q is 1, 2, 3 or 4,
    or as component (C) a mixture of polyphenols, which by reaction of at least one phenol of the formula
    Figure imgb0010
    with at least one phenol of the formula
    Figure imgb0011
    and with formaldehyde or paraformaldehyde, where C, D and E independently of one another are C₁-C₂₄-alkyl, cyclohexyl or phenyl, the composition containing no aromatic amine.

In dieser Zusammensetzung beträgt das Gewichtsverhältnis von (B) zu (C) vorzugsweise 1:1 bis 1:100, insbesondere 1:3 bis 1:20. Die Summe von (B) und (C) beträgt vorzugsweise 0,05 bis 5 Gew.-%, insbesondere 0,1 bis 3 Gew.-%, von (A).In this composition, the weight ratio of (B) to (C) is preferably 1: 1 to 1: 100, in particular 1: 3 to 1:20. The sum of (B) and (C) is preferably 0.05 to 5% by weight, in particular 0.1 to 3% by weight, of (A).

A und B als C₁-C₂₄-Alkyl können lineares oder verzweigtes Alkyl sein, wie z.B. Methyl, Ethyl, i-Propyl, t-Butyl, s-Butyl, s-Pentyl, t-Pentyl, n-Hexyl, i-Hexyl, t-Hexyl, i-Heptyl, n-Octyl, t-Octyl, s-Decyl, s-Dodecyl, n-Dodecyl, s-Tetradecyl, n-Hexadecyl, n-Octadecyl, s-Octadecyl oder n-Eikosyl.A and B as C₁-C₂₄ alkyl can be linear or branched alkyl, e.g. Methyl, ethyl, i-propyl, t-butyl, s-butyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, n-hexyl, i-hexyl, t-hexyl, i-heptyl, n-octyl, t-octyl, s- Decyl, s-dodecyl, n-dodecyl, s-tetradecyl, n-hexadecyl, n-octadecyl, s-octadecyl or n-eikosyl.

A und B als Cycloalkyl können z.B. Cyclopentyl, Cyclohexyl oder Cyclo­octyl sein, insbesondere Cyclohexyl. A und B als Phenylalkyl können z.B. Benzyl, Phenylethyl, Phenylpropyl oder α,α-Dimethylbenzyl sein.A and B as cycloalkyl can e.g. Cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl or cyclooctyl, especially cyclohexyl. A and B as phenylalkyl can e.g. Be benzyl, phenylethyl, phenylpropyl or α, α-dimethylbenzyl.

R⁵ und R⁶ als C₁-C₁₂-Alkyl können z.B. Methyl, Ethyl, Propyl, Butyl, Pentyl, Hexyl, Octyl, Decyl oder Dodecyl sein. R¹, R², R³ und R⁸ als C₁-C₁₈-Alkyl können darüber hinaus auch z.B. Tetradecyl, Hexadecyl oder Octadecyl sind. R⁴ als C₁-C₂₄-Alkyl kann darüber hinaus auch z.B. Eikosyl oder Tetraeikosyl sein.R⁵ and R⁶ as C₁-C₁₂ alkyl can be, for example, methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, octyl, decyl or dodecyl. R¹, R², R³ and R⁸ as C₁-C₁₈ alkyl can also be, for example, tetradecyl, hexadecyl or octadecyl. R⁴ as C₁-C₂₄ alkyl can also be, for example, eikosyl or tetraeikosyl.

Der Index a ist bevorzugt 0, 1 oder 2, insbesondere 0 oder 1; b ist bevorzugt 0, 1 oder 2, insbesondere 1 oder 2; q ist bevorzugt 1 oder 2, insbesondere 1.The index a is preferably 0, 1 or 2, in particular 0 or 1; b is preferably 0, 1 or 2, in particular 1 or 2; q is preferably 1 or 2, in particular 1.

Die Komponente (A) ist ein mineralisches oder synthetische Basisöl, wie es zur Bereitung von Schmierstoffen üblich ist. Synthetische Oele können z.B. Ester von Polycarbonsäuren oder von Polyolen sein, sie können aliphatische Polyester sein oder Poly-α-olefine, Silicone, Phosphor­säureester oder Polyalkylenglykole. Der Schmierstoff kann auch ein Fett auf Basis eines Oeles und eines Verdickungsmittels sein. Solche Schmier­stoffe sind z.B. in D. Klamann "Schmierstoffe und artverwandte Produkte", Verlag Chemie, Weinheim 1982, beschrieben.Component (A) is a mineral or synthetic base oil, as is common for the preparation of lubricants. Synthetic oils can e.g. Esters of polycarboxylic acids or of polyols, they can be aliphatic polyesters or poly-α-olefins, silicones, phosphoric acid esters or polyalkylene glycols. The lubricant can also be a grease based on an oil and a thickener. Such lubricants are e.g. described in D. Klamann "Lubricants and related products", Verlag Chemie, Weinheim 1982.

Die Komponente (B) kann irgendein cyclisches oder nicht-cyclisches, vor­zugsweise cyclisches, sterisch gehindertes Amin sein. Bevorzugt ist (B) eine Verbindung, die mindestens eine Gruppe der Formel II enthält,

Figure imgb0012
worin R Wasserstoff oder Methyl bedeutet. Bevorzugt ist R Wasserstoff. Es handelt sich dabei um Derivate von Polyalkylpiperidinen, insbesondere von 2,2,6,6-Tetramethylpiperidin. Bevorzugt tragen diese Verbindungen in 4-Stellung des Piperidinringes einen oder zwei polare Substituenten oder ein polares Spiro-Ringsystem. Es kann sich bei diesen Verbindungen um niedermolekulare oder oligomere oder polymere Verbindungen handeln.Component (B) can be any cyclic or non-cyclic, preferably cyclic, hindered amine. (B) is preferably a compound which contains at least one group of the formula II,
Figure imgb0012
where R is hydrogen or methyl. R is preferably hydrogen. These are derivatives of polyalkylpiperidines, in particular 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine. These compounds preferably bear one or two polar substituents or a polar spiro ring system in the 4-position of the piperidine ring. These compounds can be low molecular weight or oligomeric or polymeric compounds.

Von Bedeutung sind insbesondere die folgenden Klassen von Polyalkyl­piperidinen.The following classes of polyalkylpiperidines are of particular importance.

a) Verbindungen der Formel III,

Figure imgb0013
worin n eine Zahl von 1 bis 4, vorzugsweise 1 oder 2 bedeutet, R Wasser­stoff oder Methyl bedeutet, R¹¹ Wasserstoff, Oxyl, Hydroxyl, C₁-C₁₂-­Alkyl, C₃-C₈ Alkenyl, C₃-C₈-Alkinyl, C₇-C₁₂-Aralkyl, C₁-C₁₈-Alkoxy, C₅-C₈-Cycloalkoxy, C₇-C₉-Phenylalkoxy, C₁-C₈-Alkanoyl, C₃-C₅-Alkenoyl, C₁-C₁₈-Alkanoyloxy, Benzyloxy, Glycidyl oder eine Gruppe -CH₂CH(OH)-Z, worin Z Wasserstoff, Methyl oder Phenyl ist, bedeutet, wobei R¹¹ vorzugs­weise H, C₁-C₄-Alkyl, Allyl, Benzyl, Acetyl oder Acryloyl ist und R¹², wenn n 1 ist, Wasserstoff, gegebenenfalls durch ein oder mehrere Sauer­stoffatome unterbrochenes C₁-C₁₈-Alkyl, Cyanethyl, Benzyl, Glycidyl, einen einwertigen Rest einer aliphatischen, cycloaliphatischen, arali­phatischen, ungesättigten oder aromatischen Carbonsäure, Carbaminsäure oder Phosphor enthaltenden Säure oder einen einwertigen Silylrest, vorzugsweise einen Rest einer aliphatischen Carbonsäure mit 2 bis 18 C-Atomen, einer cycloaliphatischen Carbonsäure mit 7 bis 15 C-Atomen, einer α,β-ungesättigten Carbonsäure mit 3 bis 5 C-Atomen oder einer aromatischen Carbonsäure mit 7 bis 15 C-Atomen bedeutet, wenn n 2 ist, C₁-C₁₂-Alkylen, C₄-C₁₂-Alkenylen, Xylylen, einen zweiwertigen Rest einer aliphatischen, cycloaliphatischen, araliphatischen oder aromatischen Dicarbonsäure, Dicarbaminsäure oder Phosphor enthaltenden Säure oder einen zweiwertigen Silylrest, vorzugsweise einen Rest einer ali­phatischen Dicarbonsäure mit 2 bis 36 C-Atomen, einer cycloaliphatischen oder aromatischen Dicarbonsäure mit 8 - 14 C-Atomen oder einer alipha­tischen, cycloaliphatischen oder aromatischen Dicarbaminsäure mit 8 - 14 C-Atomen bedeutet, wenn n 3 ist, einen dreiwertigen Rest einer aliphatischen, cycloaliphatischen oder aromatischen Tricarbonsäure, einer aromatischen Tricarbaminsäure oder einer Phosphor enthaltenden Säure oder einen dreiwertigen Silylrest bedeutet und wenn n 4 ist, einen vierwertigen Rest einer aliphatischen, cycloaliphatischen oder aro­matischen Tetracarbonsäure bedeutet.a) compounds of the formula III,
Figure imgb0013
wherein n is a number from 1 to 4, preferably 1 or 2, R is hydrogen or methyl, R¹¹ is hydrogen, oxyl, hydroxyl, C₁-C₁₂-alkyl, C₃-C₈ alkenyl, C₃-C₈-alkynyl, C₇-C₁₂-aralkyl , C₁-C₁₈ alkoxy, C₅-C₈-cycloalkoxy, C₇-C₉-phenylalkoxy, C₁-C₈-alkanoyl, C₃-C₅-alkenoyl, C₁-C₁₈-alkanoyloxy, benzyloxy, glycidyl or a group -CH₂CH (OH) -Z , in which Z is hydrogen, methyl or phenyl, where R¹¹ is preferably H, C₁-C₄-alkyl, allyl, benzyl, acetyl or acryloyl and R¹², when n is 1, is hydrogen, C₁- optionally interrupted by one or more oxygen atoms C₁₈-alkyl, cyanoethyl, benzyl, glycidyl, a monovalent radical of an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, araliphatic, unsaturated or aromatic carboxylic acid, carbamic acid or phosphorus-containing acid or a monovalent silyl radical, preferably a radical of an aliphatic carboxylic acid having 2 to 18 carbon atoms, one cycloa lipatic carboxylic acid with 7 to 15 C atoms, an α, β-unsaturated carboxylic acid with 3 to 5 C atoms or an aromatic carboxylic acid with 7 to 15 C atoms, when n is 2 means C₁-C₁₂ alkylene, C₄- C₁₂-alkenylene, xylylene, a divalent radical of an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, araliphatic or aromatic dicarboxylic acid, dicarbamic acid or phosphorus-containing acid or a divalent silyl radical, preferably a radical of an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid having 2 to 36 carbon atoms, a cycloaliphatic or aromatic dicarboxylic acid 14 C atoms or an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic dicarbamic acid with 8-14 C atoms, when n is 3, means a trivalent radical of an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic tricarboxylic acid, an aromatic tricarbamic acid or a phosphorus-containing acid or a trivalent silyl radical means and if n is 4, a tetravalent remainder one means aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic tetracarboxylic acid.

Bedeuten etwaige Substituenten C₁-C₁₂-Alkyl, so stellen sie z.B. Methyl, Ethyl, n-Propyl, n-Butyl, sek.-Butyl, tert.-Butyl, n-Hexyl, n-Octyl, 2-Ethyl-hexyl, n-Nonyl, n-Decyl, n-Undecyl oder n-Dodecyl dar.If any substituents are C₁-C₁₂-alkyl, they represent e.g. Methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, n-hexyl, n-octyl, 2-ethyl-hexyl, n-nonyl, n-decyl, n-undecyl or n- Dodecyl.

In der Bedeutung von C₁-C₁₈-Alkyl kann R¹¹ oder R¹² z.B. die oben ange­führten Gruppen und dazu noch beispielsweise n-Tridecyl, n-Tetradecyl, n-Hexadecyl oder n-Octadecyl darstellen.In the meaning of C₁-C₁₈ alkyl, R¹¹ or R¹² can e.g. represent the groups listed above and, for example, n-tridecyl, n-tetradecyl, n-hexadecyl or n-octadecyl.

Wenn R¹¹ C₃-C₈-Alkenyl bedeutet, so kann es sich z.B. um 1-Propenyl, Allyl, Methallyl, 2-Butenyl, 2-Pentenyl, 2-Hexenyl, 2-Octenyl, 4-tert. Butyl-2-butenyl handeln.If R¹¹ is C₃-C₈-alkenyl, it can e.g. 1-propenyl, allyl, methallyl, 2-butenyl, 2-pentenyl, 2-hexenyl, 2-octenyl, 4-tert. Act butyl-2-butenyl.

R¹¹ ist als C₃-C₈-Alkinyl bevorzugt Propargyl.R¹¹ is preferably as C₃-C₈ alkynyl propargyl.

Als C₇-C₁₂-Aralkyl ist R¹¹ insbesondere Phenethyl und vor allem Benzyl.As C₇-C₁₂ aralkyl, R¹¹ is especially phenethyl and especially benzyl.

R¹¹ ist als C₁-C₈-Alkanoyl beispielsweise Formyl, Propionyl, Butyryl, Octanoyl, aber bevorzugt Acetyl und als C₃-C₅-Alkenoyl insbesondere Acryloyl.R¹¹ is as C₁-C₈ alkanoyl, for example formyl, propionyl, butyryl, octanoyl, but preferably acetyl and as C₃-C₅-alkenoyl in particular acryloyl.

Bedeutet R¹² einen einwertigen Rest einer Carbonsäure, so stellt es beispielsweise einen Essigsäure-, Capronsäure-, Stearinsäure-, Acryl­säure-, Methacrylsäure-, Benzoe- oder β-(3,5-Di-tert.-butyl-4-hydroxy­phenyl)-propionsäurerest dar.If R¹² is a monovalent radical of a carboxylic acid, it is, for example, acetic, caproic, stearic, acrylic, methacrylic, benzoic or β- (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) - propionic acid residue.

Bedeutet R¹² einen zweiwertigen Rest einer Dicarbonsäure, so stellt es beispielsweise einen Malonsäure-, Bernsteinsäure-, Glutarsäure-, Adipin­säure-, Korksäure-, Sebacinsäure-, Maleinsäure-, Itaconsäure-, Phthal­säure-, Dibutylmalonsäure-, Dibenzylmalonsäure-, Butyl-(3,5-di-tert. butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)-malonsäure- oder Bicycloheptendicarbonsäurerest dar.If R 12 is a divalent radical of a dicarboxylic acid, it represents, for example, malonic, succinic, glutaric, adipic, suberic, sebacic, maleic, itaconic, phthalic, dibutylmalonic, dibenzylmalonic, butyl (3 , 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) -malonic acid or bicycloheptenedicarboxylic acid residue.

Stellt R¹² einen dreiwertigen Rest einer Tricarbonsäure dar, so bedeutet es z.B. einen Trimellitsäure-, Citronensäure- oder Nitrilotriessig­säurerest.If R 12 represents a trivalent carboxylic acid residue, it means, for example, a trimellitic acid, citric acid or nitrilotriacetic acid residue.

Stellt R¹² einen vierwertigen Rest einer Tetracarbonsäure dar, so bedeutet es z.B. den vierwertigen Rest von Butan-1,2,3,4-tetracarbon­säure oder von Pyromellitsäure.If R 12 represents a tetravalent radical of a tetracarboxylic acid, it means e.g. the tetravalent residue of butane-1,2,3,4-tetracarboxylic acid or of pyromellitic acid.

Bedeutet R¹² einen zweiwertigen Rest einer Dicarbaminsäure, so stellt es beispielsweise einen Hexamethylendicarbaminsäure- oder einen 2,4-Toluylen-dicarbaminsäurerest dar.If R¹² is a divalent radical of a dicarbamic acid, it represents, for example, a hexamethylene dicarbamic acid or a 2,4-tolylene dicarbamic acid radical.

Bevorzugt sind Verbindungen der Formel III, worin R Wasserstoff ist, R¹¹ Wasserstoff oder Methyl ist, n 1 ist und R¹² C₁-C₁₈-Alkyl ist oder n 2 ist und R¹² der Diacylrest einer aliphatischen Dicarbonsäure mit 4-12 C-Atomen ist.Preferred compounds of the formula III are those in which R is hydrogen, R¹¹ is hydrogen or methyl, n is 1 and R¹² is C₁-C₁₈-alkyl or n is 2 and R¹² is the diacyl radical of an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid having 4-12 C atoms.

Beispiele für Polyalkylpiperidin-Verbindungen dieser Klasse sind folgende Verbindungen:

  • 1) 4-Hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin
  • 2) 1-Allyl-4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin
  • 3) 1-Benzyl-4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin
  • 4) 1-(4-tert.-Butyl-2-butenyl)-4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin
  • 5) 4-Stearoyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin
  • 6) 1-Ethyl-4-salicyloyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin
  • 7) 4-Methacryloyloxy-1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidin
  • 8) 1,2,2,6,6-Pentamethylpiperidin-4-yl-β-(3,5-di-tert.-butyl-4-hyd­roxyphenyl)-propionat
  • 9) Di-(1-benzyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)-maleinat
  • 10) Di-(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)-succinat
  • 11) Di-(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)-glutarat
  • 12) Di-(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)-adipat
  • 13) Di-(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)-sebacat
  • 14) Di-(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidin-4-yl)-sebacat
  • 15) Di-(1,2,3,6-tetramethyl-2,6-diethyl-piperidin-4-yl)-sebacat
  • 16) Di-(1-allyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)-phthalat
  • 17) 1-Hydroxy-4-β-cyanoethyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin
  • 18) 1-Acetyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl-acetat
  • 19) Trimellithsäure-tri-(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)-ester
  • 20) 1-Acryloyl-4-benzyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin
  • 21) Diethylmalonsäure-di(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)-ester
  • 22) Dibutyl-malonsäure-di-(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidin-4-yl)-ester
  • 23) Butyl-(3,5-di-tert.-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)-malonsäure-di-(1,2,2,6,6-­pentamethylpiperidin-4-yl)-ester
  • 24) Di-(1-octyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)-sebacat
  • 25) Di-(1-cyclohexyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)-sebacat
  • 26) Hexan-1′,6′-bis-(4-carbamoyloxy-1-n-butyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl­piperidin)
  • 27) Toluol-2′,4′-bis-(4-carbamoyloxy-1-n-propyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl­piperidin)
  • 28) Dimethyl-bis-(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-oxy)-silan
  • 29) Phenyl-tris-(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-oxy)-silan
  • 30) Tris-(1-propyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)-phosphit
  • 31) Tris-(1-propyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)phosphat
  • 32) Phenyl-[bis-(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidin-4-yl)]-phosphonat
  • 33) 4-Hydroxy-1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidin
  • 34) 4-Hydroxy-N-hydroxyethyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin
  • 35) 4-Hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxypropyl)-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin
  • 36) 1-Glycidyl-4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin
Examples of polyalkylpiperidine compounds of this class are the following compounds:
  • 1) 4-Hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine
  • 2) 1-Allyl-4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine
  • 3) 1-Benzyl-4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine
  • 4) 1- (4-tert-butyl-2-butenyl) -4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine
  • 5) 4-stearoyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine
  • 6) 1-ethyl-4-salicyloyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine
  • 7) 4-methacryloyloxy-1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidine
  • 8) 1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidin-4-yl-β- (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate
  • 9) Di- (1-benzyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) maleate
  • 10) Di- (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) succinate
  • 11) Di- (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) glutarate
  • 12) Di- (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) adipate
  • 13) Di- (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) sebacate
  • 14) Di- (1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidin-4-yl) sebacate
  • 15) Di- (1,2,3,6-tetramethyl-2,6-diethyl-piperidin-4-yl) sebacate
  • 16) Di- (1-allyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) phthalate
  • 17) 1-Hydroxy-4-β-cyanoethyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine
  • 18) 1-Acetyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl acetate
  • 19) Trimellitic acid tri (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) ester
  • 20) 1-Acryloyl-4-benzyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine
  • 21) Diethylmalonic acid di (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) ester
  • 22) Dibutyl malonic acid di (1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidin-4-yl) ester
  • 23) Butyl- (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) -malonic acid di- (1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidin-4-yl) ester
  • 24) Di- (1-octyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) sebacate
  • 25) Di- (1-cyclohexyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) sebacate
  • 26) hexane-1 ′, 6′-bis- (4-carbamoyloxy-1-n-butyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine)
  • 27) toluene-2 ′, 4′-bis- (4-carbamoyloxy-1-n-propyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine)
  • 28) Dimethyl bis (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-4-oxy) silane
  • 29) Phenyl-tris (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-4-oxy) silane
  • 30) Tris- (1-propyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) phosphite
  • 31) Tris- (1-propyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) phosphate
  • 32) Phenyl- [bis- (1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidin-4-yl)] phosphonate
  • 33) 4-Hydroxy-1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidine
  • 34) 4-Hydroxy-N-hydroxyethyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine
  • 35) 4-Hydroxy-N- (2-hydroxypropyl) -2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine
  • 36) 1-Glycidyl-4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine

b) Verbindungen der Formel IV,

Figure imgb0014
worin n die Zahl 1 oder 2 bedeutet, R und R¹¹ die unter a) angegebene Bedeutung haben, R¹³ Wasserstoff, C₁-C₁₂-Alkyl, C₂-C₅-Hydroxyalkyl, C₅-C₇-Cycloalkyl, C₇-C₈-Aralkyl, C₂-C₁₈-Alkanoyl, C₃-C₅-Alkenoyl, Benzoyl oder eine Gruppe der Formel
Figure imgb0015
ist und R¹⁴ wenn n 1 ist, Wasserstoff, C₁-C₁₈-Alkyl, C₃-C₈-Alkenyl, C₅-C₇-Cycloalkyl, mit einer Hydroxy-, Cyano-, Alkoxycarbonyl- oder Carbamidgruppe substituiertes C₁-C₄-Alkyl, Glycidyl, eine Gruppe der Formel -CH₂-CH(OH)-Z oder der Formel -CONH-Z ist, worin Z Wasserstoff, Methyl oder Phenyl bedeutet; wenn n 2 ist, C₂-C₁₂-Alkylen, C₆-C₁₂-Arylen, Xylylen, eine -CH₂-CH(OH)-CH₂-Gruppe oder eine Gruppe -CH₂-CH(OH)-CH₂-O-D-O- bedeutet, worin D C₂-C₁₀-Alkylen, C₆-C₁₅-Arylen, C₆-C₁₂-Cycloalkylen ist, oder vorausgesetzt, dass R¹³ nicht Alkanoyl, Alkenoyl oder Benzoyl bedeutet, R¹⁴ auch einen zweiwertigen Rest einer aliphatischen, cycloaliphatischen oder aromatischen Dicarbonsäure oder Dicarbaminsäure oder auch die Gruppe -CO- bedeuten kann, oder R¹³ und R¹⁴ zusammen, wenn n 1 ist, den zweiwertigen Rest einer aliphatischen, cycloaliphatischen oder aromatischen 1,2- oder 1,3-Dicarbonsäure bedeuten können.b) compounds of the formula IV,
Figure imgb0014
wherein n is 1 or 2, R and R¹¹ have the meaning given under a), R¹³ is hydrogen, C₁-C₁₂-alkyl, C₂-C₅-hydroxyalkyl, C₅-C₇-cycloalkyl, C₇-C₈-aralkyl, C₂-C₁₈ -Alkanoyl, C₃-C₅-alkenoyl, benzoyl or a group of the formula
Figure imgb0015
is and R¹⁴ when n is 1, hydrogen, C₁-C₁₈-alkyl, C₃-C₈-alkenyl, C₅-C₇-cycloalkyl, C₁-C₄-alkyl, glycidyl substituted with a hydroxy, cyano, alkoxycarbonyl or carbamide group, one Group of the formula -CH₂-CH (OH) -Z or the formula -CONH-Z, wherein Z is hydrogen, methyl or phenyl; when n is 2, C₂-C₁₂ alkylene, C₆-C₁₂ arylene, xylylene, a -CH₂-CH (OH) -CH₂ group or a group -CH₂-CH (OH) -CH₂-ODO-, in which D C₂-C₁₀ alkylene, C₆-C₁₅ arylene, C₆-C₁₂ cycloalkylene, or provided that R¹³ is not alkanoyl, alkenoyl or benzoyl, R¹⁴ also a divalent radical of an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic dicarboxylic acid or dicarbamic acid or the group -CO- can mean, or R¹³ and R¹⁴ together, if n is 1, can mean the divalent radical of an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic 1,2- or 1,3-dicarboxylic acid.

Stellen etwaige Substituenten C₁-C₁₂- oder C₁-C₁₈-Alkyl dar, so haben sie die bereits unter a) angegebene Bedeutung.If any substituents are C₁-C₁₂- or C₁-C₁₈-alkyl, they have the meaning already given under a).

Bedeuten etwaige Substituenten C₅-C₇-Cycloalkyl, so stellen sie insbe­sondere Cyclohexyl dar.If any substituents are C₅-C₇-cycloalkyl, they represent in particular cyclohexyl.

Als C₇-C₈-Aralkyl ist R¹³ insbesondere Phenylethyl oder vor allem Benzyl. Als C₂-C₅-Hydroxyalkyl ist R¹³ insbesondere 2-Hydroxyethyl oder 2-Hydroxypropyl.As C₇-C₈ aralkyl, R¹³ is especially phenylethyl or especially benzyl. As C₂-C₅-hydroxyalkyl, R¹³ is in particular 2-hydroxyethyl or 2-hydroxypropyl.

R¹³ ist als C₂-C₁₈-Alkanoyl beispielsweise Propionyl, Butyryl, Octanoyl, Dodecanoyl, Hexadecanoyl, Octadecanoyl, aber bevorzugt Acetyl und als C₃-C₅-Alkenoyl insbesondere Acryloyl.R¹³ is as C₂-C₁₈ alkanoyl, for example propionyl, butyryl, octanoyl, dodecanoyl, hexadecanoyl, octadecanoyl, but preferably acetyl and as C₃-C₅-alkenoyl in particular acryloyl.

Bedeutet R¹⁴ C₂-C₈-Alkenyl, dann handelt es sich z.B. um Allyl, Meth­allyl, 2-Butenyl, 2-Pentenyl, 2-Hexenyl oder 2-Octenyl.If R¹⁴ is C₂-C₈ alkenyl, then it is e.g. allyl, methallyl, 2-butenyl, 2-pentenyl, 2-hexenyl or 2-octenyl.

R¹⁴ als mit einer Hydroxy-, Cyano-, Alkoxycarbonyl- oder Carbamidgruppe substituiertes C₁-C₄-Alkyl kann z.B. 2-Hydroxyethyl, 2-Hydroxypropyl, 2-Cyanethyl, Methoxycarbonylmethyl, 2-Ethoxycarbonylethyl, 2-Amino­carbonylpropyl oder 2-(Dimethylaminocarbonyl)-ethyl sein.R¹⁴ as a C₁-C₄-alkyl substituted with a hydroxy, cyano, alkoxycarbonyl or carbamide group can be, for example, 2-hydroxyethyl, 2-hydroxypropyl, 2-cyanoethyl, methoxycarbonylmethyl, 2-ethoxycarbonylethyl, 2-aminocarbonylpropyl or 2- (dimethylaminocarbonyl) - be ethyl.

Stellen etwaige Substituenten C₂-C₁₂-Alkylen dar, so handelt es sich z.B. um Ethylen, Propylen, 2,2-Dimethylpropylen, Tetramethylen, Hexamethylen, Octamethylen, Decamethylen oder Dodecamethylen.If any substituents are C₂-C₁₂ alkylene, they are e.g. around ethylene, propylene, 2,2-dimethylpropylene, tetramethylene, hexamethylene, octamethylene, decamethylene or dodecamethylene.

Bedeuten etwaige Substituenten C₆-C₁₅-Arylen, so stellen sie z.B. o-, m- oder p-Phenylen, 1,4-Naphthylen oder 4,4′-Diphenylen dar.If any substituents are C₆-C₁₅ arylene, they represent e.g. o-, m- or p-phenylene, 1,4-naphthylene or 4,4'-diphenylene.

Als C₆-C₁₂-Cycloalkylen ist D insbesondere Cyclohexylen.As C₆-C₁₂ cycloalkylene, D is especially cyclohexylene.

Bevorzugt sind Verbindungen der Formel IV, worin n 1 oder 2 ist, R Wasserstoff ist, R¹¹ Wasserstoff oder Methyl ist, R¹³ Wasserstoff, C₁-C₁₂-Alkyl oder eine Gruppe der Formel

Figure imgb0016
ist und R¹⁴ im Fall von n=1 Wasserstoff oder C₁-C₁₂-Alkyl ist, und im Fall von n=2 C₂-C₈-Alkylen ist.Preferred compounds of the formula IV are those in which n is 1 or 2, R is hydrogen, R¹¹ is hydrogen or methyl, R¹³ is hydrogen, C₁-C₁₂-alkyl or a group of the formula
Figure imgb0016
is and R¹⁴ in the case of n = 1 is hydrogen or C₁-C₁₂ alkyl, and in the case of n = 2 is C₂-C₈ alkylene.

Beispiele für Polyalkylpiperidin-Verbindungen dieser Klasse sind folgende Verbindungen:

  • 37) N,N′-Bis-(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)-hexamethylen-1,6-diamin
  • 38) N,N′-Bis-(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)-hexamethylen-1,6-di­acetamid
  • 39) Bis-(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)-amin
  • 40) 4-Benzoylamino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin
  • 41) N,N′-Bis-(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)-N,N′-dibutyl-adipamid
  • 42) N,N′-Bis-(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)-N,N′-dicyclohexyl-2-­hydroxypropylen-1,3-diamin
  • 43) N,N′-Bis-(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)-p-xylylen-diamin
  • 44) N,N′-Bis-(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)-succindiamid
  • 45) N-(2,2,6,6-Tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)-β-aminodipropionsäure-di-­(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)-ester
  • 46) Die Verbindung der Formel
    Figure imgb0017
  • 47) 4-(Bis-2-hydroxyethyl-amino)-1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidin
  • 48) 4-(3-Methyl-4-hydroxy-5-tert.butylbenzoesäureamido)-2,2,6,6-tetra­methylpiperidin
  • 49) 4-Methacrylamido-1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidin
Examples of polyalkylpiperidine compounds of this class are the following compounds:
  • 37) N, N'-bis (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) hexamethylene-1,6-diamine
  • 38) N, N'-bis (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) hexamethylene-1,6-diacetamide
  • 39) bis (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) amine
  • 40) 4-Benzoylamino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine
  • 41) N, N'-bis (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) -N, N'-dibutyl adipamide
  • 42) N, N'-bis (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) -N, N'-dicyclohexyl-2-hydroxypropylene-1,3-diamine
  • 43) N, N'-bis (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) -p-xylylene diamine
  • 44) N, N'-bis (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) succinic diamide
  • 45) N- (2,2,6,6-Tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) -β-aminodipropionic acid di- (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) ester
  • 46) The compound of the formula
    Figure imgb0017
  • 47) 4- (bis-2-hydroxyethylamino) -1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidine
  • 48) 4- (3-Methyl-4-hydroxy-5-tert-butylbenzoic acid amido) -2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine
  • 49) 4-methacrylamido-1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidine

c) Verbindungen der Formel V,

Figure imgb0018
worin n die Zahl 1 oder 2 bedeutet, R und R¹¹ die unter a) angegebene Bedeutung haben und R¹⁵, wenn n 1 ist, C₂-C₈-Alkylen oder -Hydroxyalkylen oder C₄-C₂₂-Acyloxyalkylen, wenn n 2 ist, die Gruppe (-CH₂)₂C(CH₂-)₂ bedeutet.c) compounds of the formula V,
Figure imgb0018
where n is the number 1 or 2, R and R¹¹ have the meaning given under a) and R¹⁵, if n is 1, C₂-C₈-alkylene or hydroxyalkylene or C₄-C₂₂-acyloxyalkylene, if n is 2, the group ( -CH₂) ₂C means (CH₂-) ₂.

Bedeutet R¹⁵ C₂-C₈-Alkylen oder -Hydroxyalkylen, so stellt es bei­spielsweise Ethylen, 1-Methyl-ethylen, Propylen, 2-Ethyl-propylen oder 2-Ethyl-2-hydroxymethylpropylen dar.R¹⁵ means C₂-C₈ alkylene or hydroxyalkylene, it represents, for example, ethylene, 1-methyl-ethylene, propylene, 2-ethyl-propylene or 2-ethyl-2-hydroxymethylpropylene.

Als C₄-C₂₂-Acyloxyalkylen bedeutet R¹⁵ z.B. 2-Ethyl-2-acetoxymethyl­propylen.As C₄-C₂₂-acyloxyalkylene, R¹⁵ means e.g. 2-ethyl-2-acetoxymethylpropylene.

Beispiele für Polyalkylpiperidin-Verbindungen dieser Klasse sind folgende Verbindungen:

  • 50) 9-Aza-8,8,10,10-tetramethyl-1,5-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecan
  • 51) 9-Aza-8,8,10,10-tetramethyl-3-ethyl-1,5-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecan
  • 52) 8-Aza-2,7,7,8,9,9-hexamethyl-1,4-dioxaspiro[4.5]decan
  • 53) 9-Aza-3-hydroxymethyl-3-ethyl-8,8,9,10,10-pentamethyl-1,5-dioxaspiro­[5.5]undecan
  • 54) 9-Aza-3-ethyl-3-acetoxymethyl-9-acetyl-8,8,10,10-tetramethyl-1,5-­dioxaspiro[5.5]undecan
  • 55) 2,2,6,6-Tetramethylpiperidin-4-spiro-2′-(1′,3′-dioxan)-5′-spiro-5˝-­(1˝,3˝-dioxan)-2˝-spiro-4‴-(2‴,2‴,6‴,6‴-tetramethylpiperidin).
Examples of polyalkylpiperidine compounds of this class are the following compounds:
  • 50) 9-aza-8,8,10,10-tetramethyl-1,5-dioxaspiro [5.5] undecane
  • 51) 9-Aza-8,8,10,10-tetramethyl-3-ethyl-1,5-dioxaspiro [5.5] undecane
  • 52) 8-aza-2,7,7,8,9,9-hexamethyl-1,4-dioxaspiro [4.5] decane
  • 53) 9-Aza-3-hydroxymethyl-3-ethyl-8,8,9,10,10-pentamethyl-1,5-dioxaspiro [5.5] undecane
  • 54) 9-Aza-3-ethyl-3-acetoxymethyl-9-acetyl-8,8,10,10-tetramethyl-1,5-dioxaspiro [5.5] undecane
  • 55) 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-4-spiro-2 ′ - (1 ′, 3′-dioxane) -5′-spiro-5˝- (1˝, 3˝-dioxane) -2˝- spiro-4 ‴ - (2 ‴, 2 ‴, 6 ‴, 6 ‴ -tetramethylpiperidine).

d) Verbindungen der Formeln VIA, VIB und VIC

Figure imgb0019
worin n die Zahl 1 oder 2 bedeutet, R und R¹¹ die unter a) angegebene Bedeutung haben, R¹⁶ Wasserstoff, C₁-C₁₂-Alkyl, Allyl, Benzyl, Glycidyl oder C₂-C₆-Alkoxyalkyl ist und R¹⁷, wenn n 1 ist, Wasserstoff, C₁-C₁₂-­Alkyl, C₃-C₅-Alkenyl, C₇-C₉-Aralkyl, C₅-C₇ Cycloalkyl, C₂-C₄-Hydroxy­alkyl, C₂-C₆-Alkoxyalkyl, C₆-C₁₀-Aryl, Glycidyl oder eine Gruppe der Formel -(CH₂)p-COO-Q oder der Formel -(CH₂)p-O-CO-Q ist, worin p 1 oder 2 und Q C₁-C₄ Alkyl oder Phenyl sind, wenn n 2 ist, C₂-C₁₂ Alkylen, C₄-C₁₂-Alkenylen, C₆-C₁₂ Arylen, eine Gruppe -CH₂-CH(OH)-CH₂-O-D-O-CH₂-­CH(OH)-CH₂-, worin D C₂-C₁₀ Alkylen, C₆-C₁₅-Arylen, C₆-C₁₂ Cycloalkylen ist, oder eine Gruppe -CH₂CH(OZ′)CH₂-(OCH₂-CH(OZ′)CH₂)₂- bedeutet, worin Z′ Wasserstoff, C₁-C₁₈-Alkyl, Allyl, Benzyl, C₂-C₁₂-Alkanoyl oder Benzoyl ist, T₁ und T₂ unabhängig voneinander Wasserstoff, C₁-C₁₈-Alkyl oder gegebenenfalls durch Halogen oder C₁-C₄-Alkyl substituiertes C₆-C₁₀-Aryl oder C₇-C₉-Aralkyl bedeuten oder T₁ und T₂ zusammen mit dem sie bindenden C-Atom einen C₅-C₁₂-Cycloalkanring bilden.d) compounds of the formulas VIA, VIB and VIC
Figure imgb0019
where n is the number 1 or 2, R and R¹¹ have the meaning given under a), R¹⁶ is hydrogen, C₁-C₁₂-alkyl, allyl, benzyl, glycidyl or C₂-C₆-alkoxyalkyl and R¹⁷, if n is 1, is hydrogen , C₁-C₁₂-alkyl, C₃-C₅-alkenyl, C₇-C₉-aralkyl, C₅-C₇ cycloalkyl, C₂-C₄-hydroxyalkyl, C₂-C₆-alkoxyalkyl, C₆-C₁₀-aryl, glycidyl or a group of the formula - ( CH₂) p -COO-Q or of the formula - (CH₂) p -O-CO-Q, where p is 1 or 2 and Q is C₁-C₄ alkyl or phenyl, if n is 2, C₂-C₁₂ alkylene, C₄- C₁₂-alkenylene, C₆-C₁₂ arylene, a group -CH₂-CH (OH) -CH₂-ODO-CH₂-CH (OH) -CH₂-, wherein D is C₂-C₁₀ alkylene, C₆-C₁₅-arylene, C₆-C₁₂ cycloalkylene is, or a group -CH₂CH (OZ ′) CH₂- (OCH₂-CH (OZ ′) CH₂) ₂-, in which Z ′ is hydrogen, C₁-C₁₈-alkyl, allyl, benzyl, C₂-C₁₂-alkanoyl or benzoyl , T₁ and T₂ independently of one another hydrogen, C₁-C₁₈ alkyl or given if C₆-C₁₁-aryl or C₆-C₉-aralkyl are substituted by halogen or C₁-C₄-alkyl or T₁ and T₂ together with the carbon atom binding them form a C₅-C₁₂ cycloalkane ring.

Bedeuten etwaige Substituenten C₁-C₁₂-Alkyl, so stellen sie z.B. Methyl, Ethyl, n-Propyl, n-Butyl, sek.-Butyl, tert.-Butyl, n-Hexyl, n-Octyl, 2-Ethyl-hexyl, n-Nonyl, n-Decyl, n-Undecyl oder n-Dodecyl dar.If any substituents are C₁-C₁₂-alkyl, they represent e.g. Methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, n-hexyl, n-octyl, 2-ethyl-hexyl, n-nonyl, n-decyl, n-undecyl or n- Dodecyl.

Etwaige Substituenten in der Bedeutung von C₁-C₁₈-Alkyl können z.B. die oben angeführten Gruppen und dazu noch beispielsweise n-Tridecyl, n-Tetradecyl, n-Hexadecyl oder n-Octadecyl darstellen.Any substituents in the meaning of C₁-C₁₈ alkyl can e.g. represent the groups listed above and, for example, n-tridecyl, n-tetradecyl, n-hexadecyl or n-octadecyl.

Bedeuten etwaige Substituenten C₂-C₆-Alkoxyalkyl, so stellen sie z.B. Methoxymethyl, Ethoxymethyl, Propoxymethyl, tert.-Butoxymethyl, Ethoxy­ethyl, Ethoxypropyl, n-Butoxyethyl, tert.-Butoxyethyl, Isopropoxyethyl oder Propoxypropyl dar.If any substituents are C₂-C₆alkoxyalkyl, they are e.g. Methoxymethyl, ethoxymethyl, propoxymethyl, tert-butoxymethyl, ethoxyethyl, ethoxypropyl, n-butoxyethyl, tert-butoxyethyl, isopropoxyethyl or propoxypropyl.

Stellt R¹⁷ C₃-C₅-Alkenyl dar, so bedeutet es z.B. 1-Propenyl, Allyl, Methallyl, 2-Butenyl oder 2-Pentenyl.R¹⁷ represents C₃-C₅-alkenyl, it means for example 1-propenyl, allyl, methallyl, 2-butenyl or 2-pentenyl.

Als C₇-C₉-Aralkyl sind R¹⁷, T₁ und T₂ insbesondere Phenethyl oder vor allem Benzyl. Bilden T₁ und T₂ zusammen mit dem C-Atom einen Cyclo­alkanring, so kann dies z.B. ein Cyclopentan-, Cyclohexan-, Cyclooctan- oder Cyclododecanring sein.As C₇-C₉ aralkyl, R¹⁷, T₁ and T₂ are especially phenethyl or especially benzyl. If T₁ and T₂ form a cycloalkane ring together with the C atom, this can e.g. be a cyclopentane, cyclohexane, cyclooctane or cyclododecane ring.

Bedeutet R¹⁷ C₂-C₄-Hydroxyalkyl, so stellt es z.B. 2-Hydroxyethyl, 2-Hydroxypropyl, 2-Hydroxybutyl oder 4-Hydroxybutyl dar.If R¹⁷ is C₂-C₄-hydroxyalkyl, it is e.g. 2-hydroxyethyl, 2-hydroxypropyl, 2-hydroxybutyl or 4-hydroxybutyl.

Als C₆-C₁₀-Aryl bedeuten R¹⁷, T₁ und T₂ insbesondere Phenyl, α- oder β-Naphthyl, die gegebenenfalls mit Halogen oder C₁-C₄-Alkyl substituiert sind.As C₆-C₁₀ aryl, R¹⁷, T₁ and T₂ are in particular phenyl, α- or β-naphthyl, which are optionally substituted by halogen or C₁-C₄-alkyl.

Stellt R¹⁷ C₂-C₁₂-Alkylen dar, so handelt es sich z.B. um Ethylen, Propylen, 2,2-Dimethylpropylen, Tetramethylen, Hexamethylen, Octa­methylen, Decamethylen oder Dodecamethylen.If R¹⁷ is C₂-C₁₂ alkylene, it is e.g. around ethylene, propylene, 2,2-dimethylpropylene, tetramethylene, hexamethylene, octamethylene, decamethylene or dodecamethylene.

Als C₄-C₁₂-Alkenylen bedeutet R¹⁷ insbesondere 2-Butenylen, 2-Pentenylen oder 3-Hexenylen.As C₄-C₁₂ alkenylene, R¹⁷ means in particular 2-butenylene, 2-pentenylene or 3-hexenylene.

Bedeutet R¹⁷ C₆-C₁₂ Arylen, so stellt es beispielsweise o-, m- oder p-Phenylen, 1,4-Naphthylen oder 4,4′-Diphenylen dar.R¹⁷ means C₆-C₁₂ arylene, it represents, for example, o-, m- or p-phenylene, 1,4-naphthylene or 4,4'-diphenylene.

Bedeutet Z′ C₂-C₁₂ Alkanoyl, so stellt es beispielsweise Propionyl, Butyryl, Octanoyl, Dodecanoyl, aber bevorzugt Acetyl dar.Z 'means C₂-C₁₂ alkanoyl, for example propionyl, butyryl, octanoyl, dodecanoyl, but preferably acetyl.

D hat als C₂-C₁₀ Alkylen, C₆-C₁₅ Arylen oder C₆-C₁₂ Cycloalkylen die unter b) angegebene Bedeutung.D as C₂-C₁₀ alkylene, C₆-C₁₅ arylene or C₆-C₁₂ cycloalkylene has the meaning given under b).

Beispiele für Polyalkylpiperidin-Verbindungen dieser Klasse sind folgende Verbindungen:

  • 56) 3-Benzyl-1,3,8-triaza-7,7,9,9-tetramethylspiro[4.5]decan-2,4-dion
  • 57) 3-n-Octyl-1,3,8-triaza-7,7,9,9-tetramethylspiro[4.5]decan-2,4-dion
  • 58) 3-Allyl-1,3,8-triaza-1,7,7,9,9-pentamethylspiro[4.5]decan-2,4-dion
  • 59) 3-Glycidyl-1,3,8-triaza-7,7,8,9,9-pentamethylspiro[4.5]decan-2,4-­dion
  • 60) 1,3,7,7,8,9,9-Heptamethyl-1,3,8-triazaspiro[4.5]decan-2,4-dion
  • 61) 2-Iso-propyl-7,7,9,9-tetramethyl-1-oxa-3,8-diaza-4-oxo-spiro-­[4.5]decan
  • 62) 2,2-Dibutyl-7,7,9,9-tetramethyl-1-oxa-3,8-diaza-4-oxo-spiro[4.5]-­decan
  • 63) 2,2,4,4-Tetramethyl-7-oxa-3,20-diaza-21-oxo-dispiro[5.1.11.2]­heneicosan
  • 64) 2-Butyl-7,7,9,9-tetramethyl-1-oxa-4,8-diaza-3-oxo-spiro[4,5]decan
  • 65) 8-Acetyl-3-dodecyl-1,3,8-triaza-7,7,9,9-tetramethylspiro[4,5]-decan-­2,4-dion
oder die Verbindungen der folgenden Formeln:
Figure imgb0020
Examples of polyalkylpiperidine compounds of this class are the following compounds:
  • 56) 3-Benzyl-1,3,8-triaza-7,7,9,9-tetramethylspiro [4.5] decane-2,4-dione
  • 57) 3-n-Octyl-1,3,8-triaza-7,7,9,9-tetramethylspiro [4.5] decane-2,4-dione
  • 58) 3-Allyl-1,3,8-triaza-1,7,7,9,9-pentamethylspiro [4.5] decane-2,4-dione
  • 59) 3-Glycidyl-1,3,8-triaza-7,7,8,9,9-pentamethylspiro [4.5] decane-2,4-dione
  • 60) 1,3,7,7,8,9,9-heptamethyl-1,3,8-triazaspiro [4.5] decane-2,4-dione
  • 61) 2-Iso-propyl-7,7,9,9-tetramethyl-1-oxa-3,8-diaza-4-oxo-spiro- [4.5] decane
  • 62) 2,2-dibutyl-7,7,9,9-tetramethyl-1-oxa-3,8-diaza-4-oxo-spiro [4.5] decane
  • 63) 2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-7-oxa-3,20-diaza-21-oxo-dispiro [5.1.11.2] heneicosan
  • 64) 2-Butyl-7,7,9,9-tetramethyl-1-oxa-4,8-diaza-3-oxo-spiro [4,5] decane
  • 65) 8-Acetyl-3-dodecyl-1,3,8-triaza-7,7,9,9-tetramethylspiro [4,5] -decane-2,4-dione
or the compounds of the following formulas:
Figure imgb0020

e) Verbindungen der Formel VII,

Figure imgb0021
worin n die Zahl 1 oder 2 ist und R¹⁸ eine Gruppe der Formel
Figure imgb0022
bedeutet, worin R und R¹¹ die unter a) angegebene Bedeutung haben, E -O- oder -NR²¹- ist, A C₂-C₆-Alkylen oder -(CH₂)₃-O- und x die Zahlen 0 oder 1 bedeuten, R¹⁹ gleich R¹⁸ oder eine der Gruppen -NR²¹R²², -OR²³, -NHCH₂OR²³ oder -N(CH₂OR²³)₂ ist, R²⁰, wenn n = 1 ist, gleich R¹⁸ oder R¹⁹, und wenn n = 2 ist, eine Gruppe -E-B-E- ist, worin B gegebenen­falls durch -N(R²¹)- unterbrochenes C₂-C₆-Alkylen bedeutet, R¹¹ C₁-C₁₂-Alkyl, Cyclohexyl, Benzyl oder C₁-C₄-Hydroxyalkyl oder eine Gruppe der Formel
Figure imgb0023
ist, R²² C₁-C₁₂ Alkyl, Cyclohexyl, Benzyl, C₁-C₄ Hydroxyalkyl und R²³ Wasserstoff, C₁-C₁₂ Alkyl oder Phenyl bedeuten oder R²¹ und R²² zusammen C₄-C₅-Alkylen oder -Oxaalkylen, beispielsweise
Figure imgb0024
oder eine Gruppe der Formel
Figure imgb0025
sind oder auch R²¹ und R²² jeweils eine Gruppe der Formel
Figure imgb0026
bedeuten.e) compounds of the formula VII,
Figure imgb0021
wherein n is the number 1 or 2 and R¹⁸ is a group of the formula
Figure imgb0022
means in which R and R¹¹ have the meaning given under a), E is -O- or -NR²¹-, A is C₂-C₆-alkylene or - (CH₂) ₃-O- and x is the number 0 or 1, R¹⁹ is the same R¹⁸ or one of the groups -NR²¹R²², -OR²³, -NHCH₂OR²³ or -N (CH₂OR²³) ₂, R²⁰, when n = 1, is equal to R¹⁸ or R¹⁹, and when n = 2, is a group -EBE-, wherein B is optionally interrupted by -N (R²¹) - C₂-C₆-alkylene, R¹¹ is C₁-C₁₂-alkyl, cyclohexyl, benzyl or C₁-C₄-hydroxyalkyl or a group of the formula
Figure imgb0023
is, R²² is C₁-C₁₂ alkyl, cyclohexyl, benzyl, C₁-C₄ hydroxyalkyl and R²³ is hydrogen, C₁-C₁₂ alkyl or phenyl or R²¹ and R²² together are C₄-C₅-alkylene or -oxaalkylene, for example
Figure imgb0024
or a group of the formula
Figure imgb0025
are or also R²¹ and R²² each a group of the formula
Figure imgb0026
mean.

Bedeuten etwaige Substituenten C₁-C₁₂-Alkyl, so stellen sie bei­spielsweise Methyl, Ethyl, n-Propyl, n-Butyl, sek.-Butyl, tert.-Butyl, n-Hexyl, n-Octyl, 2-Ethylhexyl, n-Nonyl, n-Decyl, n-Undecyl oder n-Dodecyl dar.If any substituents are C₁-C₁₂-alkyl, they are, for example, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, n-hexyl, n-octyl, 2-ethylhexyl, n-nonyl , n-decyl, n-undecyl or n-dodecyl.

Bedeuten etwaige Substituenten C₁-C₄-Hydroxyalkyl, so stellen sie z.B. 2-Hydroxyethyl, 2-Hydroxypropyl, 3-Hydroxypropyl, 2-Hydroxybutyl oder 4-Hydroxybutyl dar.If any substituents are C₁-C₄-hydroxyalkyl, they represent e.g. 2-hydroxyethyl, 2-hydroxypropyl, 3-hydroxypropyl, 2-hydroxybutyl or 4-hydroxybutyl.

Bedeutet A C₂-C₆ Alkylen, so stellt es beispielsweise Ethylen, Propylen, 2,2-Dimethylpropylen, Tetramethylen oder Hexamethylen dar.A means C₂-C₆ alkylene, it represents, for example, ethylene, propylene, 2,2-dimethylpropylene, tetramethylene or hexamethylene.

Stellen R²¹ und R²² zusammen C₄-C₅-Alkylen oder -Oxaalkylen dar, so bedeutet dies z.B. Tetramethylen, Pentamethylen oder 3-Oxapenta­methylen.If R²¹ and R²² together represent C₄-C₅-alkylene or -oxaalkylene, this means e.g. Tetramethylene, pentamethylene or 3-oxapentamethylene.

Beispiele für Polyalkylpiperidin-Verbindungen dieser Klasse sind die Verbindungen der folgenden Formeln:

Figure imgb0027
Figure imgb0028
Figure imgb0029
Figure imgb0030
Examples of polyalkylpiperidine compounds of this class are the compounds of the following formulas:
Figure imgb0027
Figure imgb0028
Figure imgb0029
Figure imgb0030

f) Oligomere oder polymere Verbindungen, deren wiederkehrende Struktur­einheit einen 2,2,6,6-Tetraalkylpiperidinrest der Formel (I) enthält, insbesondere Polyester, Polyäther, Polyamide, Polyamine, Polyurethane, Polyharnstoffe, Polyaminotriazine, Poly(meth)acrylate, Poly(meth)acryl­amide und deren Copolymere, die solche Reste enthalten.f) oligomers or polymeric compounds whose recurring structural unit contains a 2,2,6,6-tetraalkylpiperidine radical of the formula (I), in particular polyesters, polyethers, polyamides, polyamines, polyurethanes, polyureas, polyaminotriazines, poly (meth) acrylates, poly ( meth) acrylamides and their copolymers which contain such radicals.

Beispiele für 2,2,6,6-Polyalkylpiperidin-Lichtschutzmittel dieser Klasse sind die Verbindungen der folgenden Formeln, wobei m eine Zahl von 2 bis etwa 200 bedeutet.

Figure imgb0031
Figure imgb0032
Figure imgb0033
Examples of 2,2,6,6-polyalkylpiperidine light stabilizers of this class are the compounds of the following formulas, where m is a number from 2 to about 200.
Figure imgb0031
Figure imgb0032
Figure imgb0033

g) Verbindungen der Formel VIII,

Figure imgb0034
worin R und R¹¹ die unter a) angegebene Bedeutung haben.g) compounds of the formula VIII,
Figure imgb0034
wherein R and R¹¹ have the meaning given under a).

Bevorzugt sind Verbindungen der Formel VIII, worin R Wasserstoff oder Methyl ist und R¹¹ Wasserstoff oder Methyl ist.Compounds of formula VIII are preferred in which R is hydrogen or methyl and R 11 is hydrogen or methyl.

Beispiele für solche Verbindungen sind:

  • 95) 2,2,6,6-Tetramethyl-4-piperidon (Triacetonamin)
  • 96) 1,2,2,6,6-Pentamethyl-4-piperidon
  • 97) 2,2,6,6-Tetramethyl-4-piperidon-1-oxyl
  • 98) 2,3,6-Trimethyl-2,6-diethyl-4-piperidon
Examples of such connections are:
  • 95) 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidone (triacetonamine)
  • 96) 1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidone
  • 97) 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidone-1-oxyl
  • 98) 2,3,6-trimethyl-2,6-diethyl-4-piperidone

Die Polyalkylpiperidine sind bekannte Verbindungen und werden als Lichtschutzmittel für organische Materialien benützt. Einige von ihnen sind im Handel erhältlich.The polyalkylpiperidines are known compounds and are used as light stabilizers for organic materials. Some of them are commercially available.

Die Komponente (C) ist ein phenolisches Antioxidans. Bevorzugt ist (C) eine Verbindung der Formel I, worin A Wasserstoff, C₁-C₈-Alkyl, Cyclohexyl, Phenyl oder eine Gruppe

Figure imgb0035
bedeutet,
B C₁-C₈-Alkyl, Cyclohexyl oder Phenyl bedeutet,
X C₁-C₈-Alkyl oder eine der Gruppen -CaH2a-S-R², -CbH2b-COOR³, -CH₂N(R¹⁰)(R¹¹) oder
Figure imgb0036
bedeutet,
R² C₁-C₁₂-Alkyl, Phenyl oder eine Gruppe -(CH₂)c-COOR⁴ bedeutet,
R³ C₁-C₁₈-Alkyl oder eine Gruppe
Figure imgb0037
ist,
worin Q C₂-C₆-Alkylen, -CH₂CH₂SCH₂CH₂- oder -CH₂CH₂(OCH₂CH₂)d- bedeutet,
R⁴ C₁-C₁₈-Alkyl bedeutet,
R¹⁰ und R¹¹ unabhängig von einander C₁-C₁₂-Alkyl sind oder
R¹⁰ und R¹¹ zusammen Pentamethylen oder 3-Oxapentamethylen bedeuten,
a 1 oder 2 ist, b 1 oder 2 ist, c 1 oder 2 ist und d 1 bis 3 ist,
oder (C) ist ein Reaktionsgemisch aus einem Phenol der Formel
Figure imgb0038
mit einem Phenol der Formel
Figure imgb0039
und (Para)Formaldehyd, worin C, D und E unabhängig voneinander C₁-C₈-Alkyl bedeuten.Component (C) is a phenolic antioxidant. Preferred (C) is a compound of formula I, wherein A is hydrogen, C₁-C₈-alkyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl or a group
Figure imgb0035
means
B is C₁-C₈-alkyl, cyclohexyl or phenyl,
X C₁-C₈-alkyl or one of the groups -C a H 2a -S-R², -C b H 2b -COOR³, -CH₂N (R¹⁰) (R¹¹) or
Figure imgb0036
means
R² is C₁-C₁₂-alkyl, phenyl or a group - (CH₂) c -COOR⁴,
R³ C₁-C₁₈ alkyl or a group
Figure imgb0037
is
wherein Q is C₂-C₆-alkylene, -CH₂CH₂SCH₂CH₂- or -CH₂CH₂ (OCH₂CH₂) d -,
R⁴ is C₁-C₁₈ alkyl,
R¹⁰ and R¹¹ are independently C₁-C₁₂ alkyl or
R¹⁰ and R¹¹ together represent pentamethylene or 3-oxapentamethylene,
a is 1 or 2, b is 1 or 2, c is 1 or 2 and d is 1 to 3,
or (C) is a reaction mixture of a phenol of the formula
Figure imgb0038
with a phenol of the formula
Figure imgb0039
and (para) formaldehyde, in which C, D and E independently of one another are C₁-C₈-alkyl.

Eine als Komponente (C) besonders geeignete Klasse sind die Verbin­dungen der Formel I, worin A und B unabhängig voneinander C₁-C₄-Alkyl bedeuten, X eine Gruppe -CaH2a-Sq-R² bedeutet, a 0 oder 1 ist, q 1 oder 2 ist, R² C₄-C₁₈-Alkyl, Phenyl oder -CH₂-CO-OR⁴ bedeutet und R⁴ C₁-C₁₈-Alkyl ist, insbesondere die Verbindungen der Formel I, worin A und B unabhängig voneinander C₁-C₄-Alkyl bedeuten, X -CH₂-S-R² ist, R² C₈-C₁₂-Alkyl oder -CH₂-CO-OR⁴ ist und R⁴ C₈-C₁₈-Alkyl bedeutet. Besonders bevorzugt in dieser Klasse sind Verbindungen der Formel I, worin A und B tert.Butyl sind und X -CH₂SCH₂COO(C₈-C₁₃-Alkyl) ist.A class which is particularly suitable as component (C) are the compounds of the formula I in which A and B independently of one another are C₁-C₄alkyl, X is a group -C a H 2a -S q -R², a is 0 or 1, q is 1 or 2, R² is C₄-C₁₈-alkyl, phenyl or -CH₂-CO-OR und and R⁴ is C₁-C₁₈-alkyl, in particular the compounds of the formula I, in which A and B independently of one another are C₁-C₄-alkyl , X is -CH₂-S-R², R² is C₈-C₁₂-alkyl or -CH₂-CO-OR⁴ and R⁴ is C₈-C₁₈-alkyl. Particularly preferred in this class are compounds of the formula I in which A and B are tert-butyl and X is -CH₂SCH₂COO (C₈-C₁₃-alkyl).

Eine weitere als Komponente (C) besonders geeignete Klasse sind die Verbindungen der Formel I, worin A und B unabhängig voneinander C₁-C₄-Alkyl bedeuten, X eine Gruppe -CbH2b-CO-OR³ ist,
b 1 oder 2 ist und R³ eine der Gruppen

Figure imgb0040
bedeutet,
insbesondere die Verbindungen der Formel I, worin X eine Gruppe -(CH₂)₂-CO-OR³ ist und R³ eine Gruppe
Figure imgb0041
bedeutet.Another class particularly suitable as component (C) are the compounds of the formula I in which A and B independently of one another are C₁-C₄alkyl, X is a group -C b H 2b -CO-OR³,
b is 1 or 2 and R³ is one of the groups
Figure imgb0040
means
especially the compounds of formula I, wherein X is a group - (CH₂) ₂-CO-OR³ and R³ is a group
Figure imgb0041
means.

Eine weitere als Komponente (C) besonders geeignete Klasse sind die Methylenbisphenole der Formel

Figure imgb0042
worin A, B und X unabhängig voneinander C₁-C₄-Alkyl bedeuten.Another class particularly suitable as component (C) are the methylene bisphenols of the formula
Figure imgb0042
wherein A, B and X are independently C₁-C₄ alkyl.

Besonders geeignet als Komponente (C) sind ferner Gemische von Polyphe­nolen, wie man sie durch Reaktion mindestens eines dialkylierten Phenols der Formel

Figure imgb0043
mit mindestens einem monoalkylierten Phenol der Formel
Figure imgb0044
und Formaldehyd oder Paraformaldehyd erhält, wobei C, D und E unab­hängig voneinander C₁-C₄-Alkyl bedeuten.Mixtures of polyphenols, such as are obtained by reacting at least one dialkylated phenol of the formula, are also particularly suitable as component (C)
Figure imgb0043
with at least one monoalkylated phenol of the formula
Figure imgb0044
and formaldehyde or paraformaldehyde is obtained, where C, D and E are independently C₁-C₄-alkyl.

Die dabei entstehenden Gemische enthalten vorwiegend Diphenole und Triphenole.The resulting mixtures mainly contain diphenols and triphenols.

Beispiele für Verbindungen der Formel I sind:
Tridecyl-4-(4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert.butylphenyl)-3-thiabutyrat
3-Thia-1,5-pentadiol-di[3-(4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert.butylphenyl)]-propionat
Di(3-thiapentadecyl)-di(4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert.butylphenyl)-malonat
Octadecyl-4-(4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert.butylphenyl)-3-thiabutyrat
4-(2-Thiapropyl)-2,6-di-tert.butyl-phenol
Octadecyl-3-(4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert.butylphenyl)-propionat
3-Thiapentadecyl-3-(4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert.butylphenyl)-propionat
Di(4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert. butylphenyl)-sulfid
Di(4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert. butylphenyl)-disulfid
2,4-Di(octylthiomethyl)-6-methylphenol
N-Octadecyl-3-(4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert. butylphenyl)-propionamid
N,N′-[3-(4-Hydroxy-3,5-di-tert. butylphenyl)-propionyl]-hexamethylen­diamin
4,4′-Methylen-bis(2,6-di-tert. butylphenol)
2,2′-Methylen-bis(2-tert. butyl-4-methylphenol)
2,4-Di(4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert. butylbenzyl)-6-tert. butylphenol
4,4′-Methylen-bis[2-tert. butyl-4-(4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert. butyl­benzyl)phenol]
4-Dimethylaminomethyl-2,6-di-tert. butylphenol
4-Dibutylamino-methyl-2-methyl-6-tert. butylphenol
N-Di(4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert. butylbenzyl)-octylamin
Examples of compounds of the formula I are:
Tridecyl 4- (4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl) -3-thiabutyrate
3-thia-1,5-pentadiol-di [3- (4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl)] propionate
Di (3-thiapentadecyl) di (4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl) malonate
Octadecyl 4- (4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl) -3-thiabutyrate
4- (2-thiapropyl) -2,6-di-tert-butylphenol
Octadecyl 3- (4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl) propionate
3-thiapentadecyl-3- (4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl) propionate
Di (4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl) sulfide
Di (4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl) disulfide
2,4-di (octylthiomethyl) -6-methylphenol
N-octadecyl-3- (4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl) propionamide
N, N ′ - [3- (4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl) propionyl] hexamethylene diamine
4,4'-methylene-bis (2,6-di-tert.butylphenol)
2,2'-methylene-bis (2-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol)
2,4-di (4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylbenzyl) -6-tert. butylphenol
4,4'-methylene-bis [2-tert. butyl-4- (4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylbenzyl) phenol]
4-dimethylaminomethyl-2,6-di-tert. butylphenol
4-dibutylamino-methyl-2-methyl-6-tert. butylphenol
N-Di (4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylbenzyl) octylamine

Besonders bevorzugte Schmierstoffzusammensetzungen sind solche, worin
(B) eine Verbindung der Formel IX oder X ist,

Figure imgb0045
worin n 1 oder 2 ist, R¹¹ Wasserstoff oder Methyl ist und Y, wenn n 1 ist, -O(C₈-C₁₅-Alkyl) bedeutet, und wenn n 2 ist, eine Gruppe -NH-(CH₂)₆-NH- oder -O-CO-(CH₂)m-CO-O- bedeutet, worin m 2-8 ist, und
(C) eine Verbindung der Formel I ist, worin A Wasserstoff, C₁-C₄-Alkyl oder eine Gruppe
Figure imgb0046
bedeutet,
B C₁-C₄-Alkyl bedeutet,
x C₁-C₄-Alkyl oder eine der Gruppen -CH₂-S-R², -CH₂CH₂COOR³, -CH₂N(R¹⁰)(R¹¹) oder
Figure imgb0047
bedeutet,
R² C₁-C₁₈-Alkyl oder -(CH₂)₂-COOR⁴ ist,
R³ C₁-C₁₈-Alkyl oder
Figure imgb0048
bedeutet,
R⁴ C₁-C₁₈-Alkyl ist und
R¹⁰ und R¹¹ C₁-C₆-Alkyl sind, oder (C) ein Reaktionsgemisch aus 2-tert. Butylphenol, 2,6-Di-tert. butylphenol und (Para)Formaldehyd ist.Particularly preferred lubricant compositions are those in which
(B) is a compound of formula IX or X,
Figure imgb0045
wherein n is 1 or 2, R¹¹ is hydrogen or methyl and Y, when n is 1, means -O (C₈-C₁₅-alkyl), and when n is 2, a group -NH- (CH₂) ₆-NH- or Means -O-CO- (CH₂) m -CO-O-, wherein m is 2-8, and
(C) is a compound of formula I wherein A is hydrogen, C₁-C₄ alkyl or a group
Figure imgb0046
means
B is C₁-C₄-alkyl,
x C₁-C₄-alkyl or one of the groups -CH₂-S-R², -CH₂CH₂COOR³, -CH₂N (R¹⁰) (R¹¹) or
Figure imgb0047
means
R² is C₁-C₁₈ alkyl or - (CH₂) ₂-COOR⁴,
R³ C₁-C₁₈ alkyl or
Figure imgb0048
means
R⁴ is C₁-C₁₈ alkyl and
R¹⁰ and R¹¹ are C₁-C₆-alkyl, or (C) a reaction mixture of 2-tert. Butylphenol, 2,6-di-tert. butylphenol and (para) formaldehyde.

Die Komponenten (B) und (C) können direkt dem Basisöl zugegeben werden oder man löst zuerst (B) und (C) in einer kleinen Menge Basisöl, gegebenenfalls unter Erwärmen, und mischt die Lösung mit der restlichen Menge des Oels. Man kann auch eine konzentrierte Lösung von (B) und (C) in einem Lösungsmittel dem Oel zumischen.Components (B) and (C) can be added directly to the base oil or first (B) and (C) are dissolved in a small amount of base oil, optionally with heating, and the solution is mixed with the remaining amount of the oil. A concentrated solution of (B) and (C) in a solvent can also be added to the oil.

Der Zusatz von (B) und (C) zum Basisöl bewirkt eine Stabilisierung gegen oxidativen Abbau und bewirkt in Motorenölen eine Verminderung der Schlammbildung.The addition of (B) and (C) to the base oil stabilizes them against oxidative degradation and reduces the formation of sludge in motor oils.

Die Schmiermittelzusammensetzung kann zusätzlich andere Additive enthalten, wie z.B. Phosphor-III-ester, Metalldesaktivatoren, Rostinhibitoren, Viskositätsindex-Verbesserer, Stockpunktserniedriger, Dispergiermittel, Tenside oder/und Verschleiss-schutz-Additive.The lubricant composition may additionally contain other additives such as e.g. Phosphorus III esters, metal deactivators, rust inhibitors, viscosity index improvers, pour point depressants, dispersants, surfactants and / or wear protection additives.

Beispiele für Phosphor-III-ester sind:
Triphenylphosphit, Decyl-diphenylphosphit, Phenyl-didecylphosphit, Tris-(nonylphenyl)-phosphit, Trilaurylphosphit, Trioctadecylphosphit, Distearyl-pentaerythritdiphosphit, Tris-(2,4-di-tert.butylphenyl)­phosphit, Diisodecylpentaerythrit-diphosphit, Bis-(2,4-di-tert.butyl­phenyl)-pentaerythritdiphosphit , Tristearyl-sorbit-triphosphit, Tetrakis-(2,4-di-tert.butylphenyl)-4,4′-biphenylen-diphosphonit, Bis-(2,6-di-tert.butyl-4-methyl-phenyl)-pentaerythrit-diphosphit.
Examples of phosphorus III esters are:
Triphenyl phosphite, decyl diphenyl phosphite, phenyl didecyl phosphite, tris (nonylphenyl) phosphite, trilauryl phosphite, trioctadecyl phosphite, distearyl pentaerythritol diphosphite, tris- (2,4-di-tert.butylphenyl) phosphite, diisodhritol bisdi 4-di-tert.butylphenyl) pentaerythritol diphosphite, tristearyl sorbitol triphosphite, tetrakis (2,4-di-tert.butylphenyl) -4,4′-biphenylene diphosphonite, bis- (2,6-di-tert .butyl-4-methylphenyl) pentaerythritol diphosphite.

Beispiele für Metall-Desaktivatoren, z.B. für Kupfer, sind:
Triazole, Benztriazole und deren Derivate, Tolutriazole und deren Derivate, 2-Mercaptobenzthiazol, 2-Mercaptobenztriazol, 2,5-Dimercapto­benztriazol, 2,5-Dimercaptobenzthiadiazol, 5,5′-Methylenbisbenz­triazol, 4,5,6,7-Tetrahydrobenztriazol, Salicyliden-propylendiamin, Salicylaminoguanidin und dessen Salze.
Examples of metal deactivators, for example for copper, are:
Triazoles, benzotriazoles and their derivatives, tolutriazoles and their derivatives, 2-mercaptobenzthiazole, 2-mercaptobenztriazole, 2,5-dimercaptobenztriazole, 2,5-dimercaptobenzthiadiazole, 5,5'-methylenebisbenzotriazole, 4,5,6,7-tetrahydrobenztriazole, salicylides -propylenediamine, salicylaminoguanidine and its salts.

Beispiele für Rost-Inhibitoren sind:

  • a) Organische Säuren, ihre Ester, Metallsalze und Anhydride, z.B.: N-Oleoyl-sarcosin, Sorbitan-mono-oleat, Blei-naphthenat, Alkenyl­bernsteinsäureanhydrid, z.B. Dodecenylbernsteinsäure-anhydrid, Alkenylbernsteinsäure-Teilester und -Teilamide, 4-Nonylphenoxy­essigsäure.
  • b) Stickstoffhaltige Verbindungen, z.B.:
    • I. Primäre, sekundäre oder tertiäre aliphatische oder cycloali­phatische Amine und Amin-Salze von organischen und anorganischen Säuren, z.B. öllösliche Alkylammoniumcarboxylate.
    • II. Heterocyclische Verbindungen, z.B.: Substituierte Imidazoline und Oxazoline.
  • c) Phosphorhaltige Verbindungen, z.B.: Aminsalze von Phosphorsäurepartialestern oder Phosphonsäurepartial­estern, Zinkdialkyldithiophosphate.
  • d) Schwefelhaltige Verbindungen, z.B.: Barium-dinonylnaphthalin-sulfonate, Calciumpetroleum-sulfonate.
Examples of rust inhibitors are:
  • a) Organic acids, their esters, metal salts and anhydrides, for example: N-oleoyl sarcosine, sorbitan mono-oleate, lead naphthenate, alkenylsuccinic anhydride, for example dodecenylsuccinic anhydride, alkenylsuccinic acid partial esters and partial amides, 4-nonylphenoxyacid.
  • b) nitrogen-containing compounds, for example:
    • I. Primary, secondary or tertiary aliphatic or cycloaliphatic amines and amine salts of organic and inorganic acids, for example oil-soluble alkylammonium carboxylates.
    • II. Heterocyclic compounds, for example: substituted imidazolines and oxazolines.
  • c) phosphorus-containing compounds, for example: amine salts of phosphoric acid partial esters or phosphonic acid partial esters, zinc dialkyldithiophosphates.
  • d) Sulfur-containing compounds, for example: barium dinonylnaphthalene sulfonates, calcium petroleum sulfonates.

Beispiele für Viskositätsindex-Verbesserer sind:
Polyacrylate, Polymethacrylate, Vinylpyrrolidon/Methacrylat-Copolymere, Polyvinylpyrrolidone, Polybutene, Olefin-Copolymere, Styrol/Acrylat-­Copolymere, Polyether.
Examples of viscosity index improvers are:
Polyacrylates, polymethacrylates, vinyl pyrrolidone / methacrylate copolymers, polyvinyl pyrrolidones, polybutenes, olefin copolymers, styrene / acrylate copolymers, polyethers.

Beispiele für Stockpunkterniedriger sind:
Polymethacrylat, alkylierte Naphthalinderivate.
Examples of pour point depressants are:
Polymethacrylate, alkylated naphthalene derivatives.

Beispiele für Dispergiermittel/Tenside sind:
Polybutenylbernsteinsäureamide oder -imide, Polybutenylphosphon­säurederivate, basische Magnesium-, Calcium-, und Bariumsulfonate und -phenolate.
Examples of dispersants / surfactants are:
Polybutenylsuccinic acid amides or imides, polybutenylphosphonic acid derivatives, basic magnesium, calcium and barium sulfonates and phenolates.

Beispiele für Verschleiss-schutz-Additive sind:
Schwefel und/oder Phosphor und/oder Halogen enthaltende Verbindungen, wie geschwefelte pflanzliche Oele, Zinkdialkyldithiophosphate, Tritolyl-phosphat, chlorierte Paraffine, Alkyl- und Aryldi- und tri-sulfide, Triphenylphosphorothionate, Diethanolaminomethyltolyl­triazol, Di(2-ethylhexyl)aminomethyltolyltriazol.
Examples of wear protection additives are:
Compounds containing sulfur and / or phosphorus and / or halogen, such as sulfurized vegetable oils, zinc dialkyldithiophosphates, tritolyl phosphate, chlorinated paraffins, alkyl and aryl di- and tri-sulfides, triphenyl phosphorothionates, diethanolaminomethyltolyltriazole, di (2-ethyltylylolyl) aminol.

Der Schmierstoff kann auch feste Schmierstoffe enthalten, wie z.B. Graphit oder Molybdänsulfid.The lubricant can also contain solid lubricants, e.g. Graphite or molybdenum sulfide.

Die folgenden Beispiele erläutern die Erfindung näher. Darin bedeuten % Gewichts-%.The following examples illustrate the invention. Therein% means% by weight.

Beispiel 1:Example 1:

Das Oxidationsverhalten von erfindungsgemäss stabilisierten Schmierölen wird nach der TOST-Methode (turbine oxidation stability test) gemäss ASTM D-943 geprüft.The oxidation behavior of lubricating oils stabilized according to the invention is tested according to the TOST method (turbine oxidation stability test) in accordance with ASTM D-943.

Hierzu werden 300 ml eines Mineralöls (Mobil STOCK 305), das 0,05 % eines Korrosionsinhibitors (Reocor® 12) enthält, mit 60 ml Wasser versetzt und in Gegenwart von Eisen- und Kupferdraht unter Durchleiten von Sauerstoff 1000 Stunden auf 95°C erwärmt. Gemessen wird die Bildung von Säuren durch Bestimmung der Neutralisationszahl TAN (mg KOH/g Oel) sowie die gebildete Menge an Schlamm = SLUDGE.For this purpose, 300 ml of a mineral oil (Mobil STOCK 305) containing 0.05% of a corrosion inhibitor (Reocor® 12) are mixed with 60 ml of water and heated to 95 ° C for 1000 hours in the presence of iron and copper wire while passing oxygen through . The formation of acids is measured by determining the neutralization number TAN (mg KOH / g oil) and the amount of sludge formed = SLUDGE.

Als Stabilisatoren werden verwendet:

Figure imgb0049
Figure imgb0050
The following are used as stabilizers:
Figure imgb0049
Figure imgb0050

Die Gesamtmenge an Stabilisatoren beträgt 0,25 %, bezogen auf das Oel. Die Zusammensetzung des Stabilisator-Gemisches wird variiert. Die Ergebnisse sind in Tabelle 1 aufgeführt. Tabelle 1 Anteil TOST P-1 H-1 TAN SLUDGE 100 % - 0,19 64 mg 95 % 5 % 0 17 mg 90 % 10 % 0 8 mg 75 % 25 % 0 26 mg The total amount of stabilizers is 0.25%, based on the oil. The composition of the stabilizer mixture is varied. The results are shown in Table 1. Table 1 proportion of TOST P-1 H-1 TAN SLUDGE 100% - 0.19 64 mg 95% 5% 0 17 mg 90% 10% 0 8 mg 75% 25% 0 26 mg

Beispiel 2:Example 2:

Es wird wie in Beispiel 1 getestet. Als Stabilisatoren werden verwendet:

Figure imgb0051
It is tested as in Example 1. The following are used as stabilizers:
Figure imgb0051

Die Gesamtkonzentration beträgt 0,25 %, bezogen auf das Oel. Tabelle 2 Anteil TOST P-2 H-2 TAN SLUDGE 100 % - >2 >1000 mg 95 % 5 % 0,26 219 mg 90 % 10 % 0,24 190 mg The total concentration is 0.25%, based on the oil. Table 2 proportion of TOST P-2 H-2 TAN SLUDGE 100% - > 2nd > 1000 mg 95% 5% 0.26 219 mg 90% 10% 0.24 190 mg

Beispiel 3:Example 3:

Es wird wie in Beispiel 1 getestet Als Stabilisatoren werden verwendet:

Figure imgb0052
It is tested as in Example 1 The following are used as stabilizers:
Figure imgb0052

Die Gesamtkonzentration beträgt 0,25 %. Die Ergebnisse sind in Tabelle 3 aufgeführt. Tabelle 3 Anteil TOST P-2 H-3 TAN SLUDGE 100 % - >2 >1000 mg 95 % 5 % 0,24 180 mg The total concentration is 0.25%. The results are shown in Table 3. Table 3 proportion of TOST P-2 H-3 TAN SLUDGE 100% - > 2nd > 1000 mg 95% 5% 0.24 180 mg

Beispiel 4:Example 4:

Es wird wie in Beispiel 1 getestet. Als Stabilisatoren werden verwendet:

Figure imgb0053
Figure imgb0054
It is tested as in Example 1. The following are used as stabilizers:
Figure imgb0053
Figure imgb0054

Die Gesamtkonzentration beträgt 0,25 %. Die Ergebnisse sind in Tabelle 4 aufgeführt. Tabelle 4 Anteil TOST P-2 H-1 TAN SLUDGE 100 % - >2 1000 mg 95 % 5 % 0 86 mg 85 % 15 % 0,10 44 mg 75 % 25 % 0,03 75 mg The total concentration is 0.25%. The results are shown in Table 4. Table 4 proportion of TOST P-2 H-1 TAN SLUDGE 100% - > 2nd 1000 mg 95% 5% 0 86 mg 85% 15% 0.10 44 mg 75% 25% 0.03 75 mg

Beispiel 5:Example 5:

Es wird wie in Beispiel 1 getestet. Als Stabilisatoren werden verwendet:

Figure imgb0055
It is tested as in Example 1. The following are used as stabilizers:
Figure imgb0055

Die Gesamtkonzentration beträgt 0,25 %. Die Ergebnisse sind in Tabelle 5 aufgeführt. Tabelle 5 Anteil TOST P-2 H-4 TAN SLUDGE 100 % - >2 >1000 mg 95 % 5 % 0,18 91 mg 90 % 10 % 0,16 161 mg The total concentration is 0.25%. The results are shown in Table 5. Table 5 proportion of TOST P-2 H-4 TAN SLUDGE 100% - > 2nd > 1000 mg 95% 5% 0.18 91 mg 90% 10% 0.16 161 mg

Beispiel 6:Example 6:

Die Oxidationsbeständigkeit der erfindungsgemäss stabili­sierten Oele wird in einem Differential-Scanning-Kalorimeter gemessen. Dabei wird in einem Al-Schälchen ein Basisöl mit 0,025 % Eisen-III-­acetylacetonat (als Oxidationskatalysator) und 0,55 % eines Stabili­sators vermischt und im Kalorimeter unter 10 bar Sauerstoff isotherm auf 160°C erwärmt. Gemessen wird die Zeit bis zum Beginn der exothermen Reaktion TB (Induktionszeit) und die Zeit bis zum Ende der exothermen Reaktion TE. Je länger die Induktionszeit ist, desto höher ist die Oxidationsbeständigkeit. Als Stabilisatoren werden die phenolischen Antioxidantien P-1 und P-2 verwendet sowie:
P-3: Reaktionsprodukt von 160 g 2,6-Di-tert. butylphenol, 40 g 2-Tert. butylphenol, 5,8 g KOH, 50 ml Ethanol und 24 g Paraformaldehyd bei 80°C, enthaltend als Hauptkomponenten

Figure imgb0056
The oxidation resistance of the oils stabilized according to the invention is measured in a differential scanning calorimeter. A base oil with 0.025% iron (III) acetylacetonate (as an oxidation catalyst) and 0.55% of a stabilizer is mixed in an aluminum dish and isothermally heated to 160 ° C under 10 bar oxygen in the calorimeter. The time until the start of the exothermic reaction T B (induction time) and the time until the end of the exothermic reaction T E are measured. The longer the induction time, the higher the resistance to oxidation. The phenolic antioxidants P-1 and P-2 are used as stabilizers as well as:
P-3: reaction product of 160 g of 2,6-di-tert. butylphenol, 40 g 2-tert. butylphenol, 5.8 g KOH, 50 ml ethanol and 24 g paraformaldehyde at 80 ° C, containing as main components
Figure imgb0056

P-5: Gemisch 1:1 von

Figure imgb0057
P-5: mixture 1: 1 of
Figure imgb0057

Als sterisch gehindertes Amin wird verwendet

Figure imgb0058
The sterically hindered amine is used
Figure imgb0058

Die Ergebnisse sind in Tabelle 6 aufgeführt. Tabelle 6 Stabilisator TB(min) TE (min) 0,55 % P-1 1,47 9,12 0,55 % H-5 17,16 22,97 0,45 % P-1 + 0,10 % H-5 14,02 27,71 0,55 % P-2 16,08 26,07 0,55 % H-5 17,16 22,97 0,45 % P-2 +0,10 % H-5 32,27 47,90 0,55 % P-3 7,21 14,20 0,55 % H-5 17,16 22,97 0,45 % P-3 +0,10 % H-5 50,55 67.97 0,55 % P-4 3,00 9,67 0,55 % H-5 17,16 22,97 0,45 % P-4 +0,10 % H-5 12,02 20,37 0,55 % P-5 4,46 16,44 0,55 % H-5 17,16 22,97 0,45 % P-5 +0,10 % H-5 14,10 23,23 The results are shown in Table 6. Table 6 stabilizer T B (min) T E (min) 0.55% P-1 1.47 9.12 0.55% H-5 17.16 22.97 0.45% P-1 + 0.10% H-5 14.02 27.71 0.55% P-2 16.08 26.07 0.55% H-5 17.16 22.97 0.45% P-2 +0.10% H-5 32.27 47.90 0.55% P-3 7.21 14.20 0.55% H-5 17.16 22.97 0.45% P-3 +0.10% H-5 50.55 67.97 0.55% P-4 3.00 9.67 0.55% H-5 17.16 22.97 0.45% P-4 +0.10% H-5 12.02 20.37 0.55% P-5 4.46 16.44 0.55% H-5 17.16 22.97 0.45% P-5 +0.10% H-5 14.10 23.23

Daran ist zu ersehen, dass bei Verwendung von Stabilisatorgemischen aus 0,10 % der Komponente A und 0,45 % der Komponente B die Oxidationsbe­ständigkeit des Oeles höher ist als aus den Daten der einzelnen Komponenten zu erwarten wäre.This shows that when stabilizer mixtures of 0.10% of component A and 0.45% of component B are used, the oxidation resistance of the oil is higher than would be expected from the data of the individual components.

Beispiel 7:Example 7:

Die Oxidationsbeständigkeit wird wie in Beispiel 6 in einem Differential-Scanning-Kalorimeter getestet, mit dem Unterschied, dass statt unter Sauerstoff unter 8 bar Luft, der 380 ppm (NO)x beigemischt sind, gemessen wird und dass die isotherme Temperatur 170°C beträgt. Gemessen wird nur der Beginn der Exotherme. Tabelle 7 Stabilisator TB(min) 0,55 % P-2 11,2 0,55% H-5 <2 0,45 % P-2 + 0,10 % H-5 20,7 0,55 % P-6 3,8 0,55 % H-5 <2 0,45 % P-6 + 0,10 % H-5 10,8

Figure imgb0059
The oxidation resistance is tested as in Example 6 in a differential scanning calorimeter, with the difference that instead of oxygen under 8 bar of air, which is mixed with 380 ppm (NO) x , is measured and that the isothermal temperature is 170 ° C. . Only the beginning of the exotherm is measured. Table 7 stabilizer T B (min) 0.55% P-2 11.2 0.55% H-5 <2 0.45% P-2 + 0.10% H-5 20.7 0.55% P-6 3.8 0.55% H-5 <2 0.45% P-6 + 0.10% H-5 10.8
Figure imgb0059

Claims (23)

1. Schmierstoffzusammensetzung, enthaltend (A) ein mineralisches oder synthetisches Oel oder ein Gemisch solcher Oele, (B) mindestens ein sterisch gehindertes Amin und (C) mindestens ein Phenol der Formel I,
Figure imgb0060
worin A Wasserstoff, C₁-C₂₄-Alkyl, C₅-C₁₂-Cycloalkyl, C₇-C₉-Phenyl­alkyl, Phenyl oder eine Gruppe -CH₂-S-R¹ oder
Figure imgb0061
bedeutet,
B C₁-C₂₄-Alkyl, C₅-C₁₂-Cycloalkyl, C₇-C₉-Phenylalkyl, Phenyl oder eine Gruppe -CH₂-S-R¹ bedeutet,
X·Wasserstoff, C₁-C₁₈-Alkyl oder eine der Gruppen -CaH2a-Sq-R², -CbH2b-CO-OR³, -CbH2b-CO-N(R⁵)(R⁶), -CH₂N(R¹⁰)(R¹¹) oder
Figure imgb0062
bedeutet,
R¹ C₁-C₁₈-Alkyl, Phenyl oder eine Gruppe -(CH₂)c-CO-OR⁴ oder -CH₂CH₂OR⁹ bedeutet,
R² Wasserstoff, C₁-C₁₈-Alkyl, Phenyl, Benzyl oder eine Gruppe
Figure imgb0063
oder -(CH₂)c-CO-OR⁴ oder -CH₂CH₂OR⁹ bedeutet,
R³ C₁-C₅₀-Alkyl oder eine der Gruppen
Figure imgb0064
bedeutet, worin Q C₂-C₈-Alkylen, C₄-C₆-Thiaalkylen oder eine Gruppe -CH₂CH₂(OCH₂CH₂)d-ist,
bedeutet,
R⁴ C₁-C₂₄-Alkyl bedeutet,
R⁵ Wasserstoff, C₃-C₁₈-Alkyl oder Cyclohexyl bedeutet,
R⁶ C₁-C₁₈-Alkyl, Cyclohexyl, Phenyl, durch C₁-C₁₈-Alkyl substituiertes Phenyl oder eine der Gruppen
Figure imgb0065
bedeutet,
oder R⁵ und R⁶ zusammen C₄-C₈-Alkylen, das durch -O- oder -NH- unterbro­chen sein kann, bedeuten,
R⁷ Wasserstoff, C₁-C₄-Alkyl oder Phenyl bedeutet,
R⁸ C₁-C₁₈-Alkyl bedeutet,
R⁹ Wasserstoff, C₁-C₂₄-Alkyl, Phenyl, C₂-C₁₈-Alkanoyl oder Benzoyl bedeutet,
R¹⁰ C₁-C₁₈-Alkyl, Cyclohexyl, Phenyl, durch C₁-C₁₈-Alkyl substituiertes Phenyl oder eine Gruppe
Figure imgb0066
bedeutet,
R¹¹ Wasserstoff, C₁-C₁₈-Alkyl, Cyclohexyl, oder eine Gruppe
Figure imgb0067
bedeutet oder
R¹⁰ und R¹¹ zusammen C₄-C₈-Alkylen, das durch -O- oder -NH- unterbrochen sein kann, bedeuten
a 0, 1, 2 oder 3 ist,
b 0, 1, 2 oder 3 ist,
c 1 oder 2 ist,
d 1 bis 5 ist,
f 2 bis 8 ist und
q 1, 2, 3 oder 4 ist,
oder als Komponente (C) ein Gemisch von Polyphenolen, das durch Reaktion von mindestens einem Phenol der Formel
Figure imgb0068
mit mindestens einem Phenol der Formel
Figure imgb0069
und mit Formaldehyd bzw. Paraformaldehyd entsteht, wobei C, D und E unabhängig voneinander C₁-C₂₄-Alkyl, Cyclohexyl oder Phenyl bedeuten, wobei die Zusammensetzung kein aromatisches Amin enthält.
1. Lubricant composition containing (A) a mineral or synthetic oil or a mixture of such oils, (B) at least one sterically hindered amine and (C) at least one phenol of the formula I,
Figure imgb0060
wherein A is hydrogen, C₁-C₂₄-alkyl, C₅-C₁₂-cycloalkyl, C₇-C₉-phenylalkyl, phenyl or a group -CH₂-S-R¹ or
Figure imgb0061
means
B is C₁-C₂₄-alkyl, C₅-C₁₂-cycloalkyl, C₇-C₉-phenylalkyl, phenyl or a group -CH₂-S-R¹,
X · hydrogen, C₁-C₁₈-alkyl or one of the groups -C a H 2a -S q -R², -C b H 2b -CO-OR³, -C b H 2b -CO-N (R⁵) (R⁶), -CH₂N (R¹⁰) (R¹¹) or
Figure imgb0062
means
R¹ is C₁-C₁₈-alkyl, phenyl or a group - (CH₂) c -CO-OR⁴ or -CH₂CH₂OR⁹,
R² is hydrogen, C₁-C₁₈ alkyl, phenyl, benzyl or a group
Figure imgb0063
or - (CH₂) c -CO-OR⁴ or -CH₂CH₂OR⁹ means
R³ C₁-C₅₀ alkyl or one of the groups
Figure imgb0064
means in which Q is C₂-C₈-alkylene, C₄-C₆-thiaalkylene or a group -CH₂CH₂ (OCH₂CH₂) d -,
means
R⁴ is C₁-C₂₄-alkyl,
R⁵ is hydrogen, C₃-C₁₈-alkyl or cyclohexyl,
R⁶ C₁-C₁₈-alkyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, phenyl substituted by C₁-C₁₈-alkyl or one of the groups
Figure imgb0065
means
or R⁵ and R⁶ together are C₄-C₈-alkylene, which can be interrupted by -O- or -NH-,
R⁷ is hydrogen, C₁-C₄-alkyl or phenyl,
R⁸ is C₁-C₁₈ alkyl,
R⁹ is hydrogen, C₁-C₂₄-alkyl, phenyl, C₂-C₁₈-alkanoyl or benzoyl,
R¹⁰ C₁-C₁₈ alkyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, phenyl substituted by C₁-C₁₈ alkyl or a group
Figure imgb0066
means
R¹¹ is hydrogen, C₁-C₁₈ alkyl, cyclohexyl, or a group
Figure imgb0067
means or
R¹⁰ and R¹¹ together are C₄-C₈-alkylene, which can be interrupted by -O- or -NH-
a is 0, 1, 2 or 3,
b is 0, 1, 2 or 3,
c is 1 or 2,
d is 1 to 5,
f is 2 to 8 and
q is 1, 2, 3 or 4,
or as component (C) a mixture of polyphenols, which by reaction of at least one phenol of the formula
Figure imgb0068
with at least one phenol of the formula
Figure imgb0069
and with formaldehyde or paraformaldehyde, where C, D and E independently of one another are C₁-C₂₄-alkyl, cyclohexyl or phenyl, the composition containing no aromatic amine.
2. Zusammensetzung gemäss Anspruch 1, worin das Gewichtsverhältnis von (B) zu (C) 1:1 bis 1:100 beträgt.2. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of (B) to (C) is 1: 1 to 1: 100. 3. Zusammensetzung gemäss Anspruch 1, worin das Gewichtsverhältnis von (B) zu (C) 1:3 bis 1:20 beträgt.3. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of (B) to (C) is 1: 3 to 1:20. 4. Zusammensetzung gemäss Anspruch 1, worin die Summe von (B) und (C) 0,05 bis 5 Gew.-% von (A) beträgt.4. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the sum of (B) and (C) is 0.05 to 5 wt .-% of (A). 5. Zusammensetzung gemäss Anspruch 1, worin (B) eine Verbindung ist, die mindestens eine Gruppe der Formel II enthält,
Figure imgb0070
worin R Wasserstoff oder Methyl ist.
5. The composition according to claim 1, wherein (B) is a compound which contains at least one group of the formula II,
Figure imgb0070
where R is hydrogen or methyl.
6. Zusammensetzung gemäss Anspruch 5, worin (B) eine Verbindung ist, die mindestens eine Gruppe der Formel II enthält, worin R Wasserstoff ist.6. The composition according to claim 5, wherein (B) is a compound containing at least one group of formula II, wherein R is hydrogen. 7. Zusammensetzung gemäss Anspruch 5, worin (B) eine Verbindung der Formel III ist,
Figure imgb0071
worin R Wasserstoff ist, R¹¹ Wasserstoff oder Methyl ist, n 1 ist und R¹² C₁-C₁₈-Alkyl ist oder n 2 ist und R¹² der Diacylrest einer aliphatischen Dicarbonsäure mit 4-12 C-Atomen ist.
7. The composition according to claim 5, wherein (B) is a compound of the formula III,
Figure imgb0071
wherein R is hydrogen, R¹¹ is hydrogen or methyl, n is 1 and R¹² is C₁-C₁₈ alkyl or n is 2 and R¹² is the diacyl radical of an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid having 4-12 C atoms.
8. Zusammensetzung gemäss Anspruch 5, worin (B) eine Verbindung der Formel IV ist,
Figure imgb0072
worin n 1 oder 2 ist, R Wasserstoff ist, R¹¹ Wasserstoff oder Methyl ist, R¹³ Wasserstoff, C₁-C₁₂-Alkyl oder eine Gruppe der Formel
Figure imgb0073
ist und R¹⁴ im Fall von n=1 Wasserstoff oder C₁-C₁₂-Alkyl ist, und im Fall von n=2 C₂-C₈-Alkylen ist.
8. The composition according to claim 5, wherein (B) is a compound of the formula IV,
Figure imgb0072
wherein n is 1 or 2, R is hydrogen, R¹¹ is hydrogen or methyl, R¹³ is hydrogen, C₁-C₁₂ alkyl or a group of the formula
Figure imgb0073
is and R¹⁴ in the case of n = 1 is hydrogen or C₁-C₁₂ alkyl, and in the case of n = 2 is C₂-C₈ alkylene.
9. Zusammensetzung gemäss Anspruch 5, worin (B) eine Verbindung der Formel VIII ist,
Figure imgb0074
worin R Wasserstoff oder Methyl ist und R¹¹ Wasserstoff oder Methyl ist.
9. The composition according to claim 5, wherein (B) is a compound of the formula VIII,
Figure imgb0074
wherein R is hydrogen or methyl and R¹¹ is hydrogen or methyl.
10. Zusammensetzung gemäss Anspruch 1, worin (C) eine Verbindung der Formel I ist, worin A Wasserstoff, C₁-C₈-Alkyl, Cyclohexyl, Phenyl oder eine Gruppe
Figure imgb0075
bedeutet,
B C₁-C₈-Alkyl, Cyclohexyl oder Phenyl bedeutet,
X C₁-C₈-Alkyl oder eine der Gruppen -CaH2a-S-R², -CbH2b-COOR³, -CH₂N(R¹⁰)(R¹¹) oder
Figure imgb0076
bedeutet,
R² C₁-C₁₂-Alkyl, Phenyl oder eine Gruppe -(CH₂)c-COOR⁴ bedeutet,
R³ C₁-C₁₈-Alkyl oder eine Gruppe
Figure imgb0077
ist,
worin Q C₂-C₆-Alkylen, -CH₂CH₂SCH₂CH₂- oder -CH₂CH₂(OCH₂CH₂)d- bedeutet,
R⁴ C₁-C₁₈-Alkyl bedeutet,
R¹⁰ und R¹¹ unabhängig voneinander C₁-C₁₂-Alkyl sind oder
R¹⁰ und R¹¹ zusammen Pentamethylen oder 3-Oxapentamethylen bedeuten,
a 1 oder 2 ist, b 1 oder 2 ist, c 1 oder 2 ist und
d 1 bis 3 ist,
oder worin (C) ein Reaktionsgemisch ist aus einem Phenol der Formel
Figure imgb0078
mit einem Phenol der Formel
Figure imgb0079
und (Para)Formaldehyd, worin C, D und E unabhängig voneinander C₁-C₈-Alkyl bedeuten.
10. The composition according to claim 1, wherein (C) is a compound of formula I, wherein A is hydrogen, C₁-C₈-alkyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl or a group
Figure imgb0075
means
B is C₁-C₈-alkyl, cyclohexyl or phenyl,
X C₁-C₈-alkyl or one of the groups -C a H 2a -S-R², -C b H 2b -COOR³, -CH₂N (R¹⁰) (R¹¹) or
Figure imgb0076
means
R² is C₁-C₁₂-alkyl, phenyl or a group - (CH₂) c -COOR⁴,
R³ C₁-C₁₈ alkyl or a group
Figure imgb0077
is
wherein Q is C₂-C₆-alkylene, -CH₂CH₂SCH₂CH₂- or -CH₂CH₂ (OCH₂CH₂) d -,
R⁴ is C₁-C₁₈ alkyl,
R¹⁰ and R¹¹ are independently C₁-C₁₂ alkyl or
R¹⁰ and R¹¹ together represent pentamethylene or 3-oxapentamethylene,
a is 1 or 2, b is 1 or 2, c is 1 or 2 and
d is 1 to 3,
or wherein (C) is a reaction mixture of a phenol of the formula
Figure imgb0078
with a phenol of the formula
Figure imgb0079
and (para) formaldehyde, in which C, D and E independently of one another are C₁-C₈-alkyl.
11. Zusammensetzung gemäss Anspruch 1, worin (C) eine Verbindung der Formel I ist, worin A und B unabhängig voneinander C₁-C₄-Alkyl bedeuten, X eine Gruppe -CaH2a-Sq-R² bedeutet, a 0 oder 1 ist, q 1 oder 2 ist, R² C₄-C₁₈-Alkyl, Phenyl oder -CH₂-CO-OR⁴ bedeutet und R⁴ C₁-C₁₈-Alkyl ist.11. The composition according to claim 1, wherein (C) is a compound of formula I, wherein A and B independently of one another are C₁-C₄-alkyl, X is a group -C a H 2a -S q -R², a 0 or 1 is, q is 1 or 2, R² is C₄-C₁₈-alkyl, phenyl or -CH₂-CO-OR⁴ and R⁴ is C₁-C₁₈-alkyl. 12. Zusammensetzung gemäss Anspruch 1, worin (C) eine Verbindung der Formel I ist, worin A und B unabhängig voneinander C₁-C₄-Alkyl bedeuten, X -CH₂-S-R² ist, R² C₈-C₁₂-Alkyl oder -CH₂-CO-OR⁴ ist und R⁴ C₈-C₁₈-Alkyl bedeutet.12. The composition according to claim 1, wherein (C) is a compound of formula I, wherein A and B independently of one another are C₁-C₄-alkyl, X is -CH₂-S-R², R² is C₈-C₁₂-alkyl or -CH₂- Is CO-OR⁴ and R⁴ is C₈-C₁₈-alkyl. 13. Zusammensetzung gemäss Anspruch 1, worin (C) eine Verbindung der Formel I ist, worin A und B unabhängig voneinander C₁-C₄-Alkyl bedeuten, X eine Gruppe -CbH2b-CO-OR³ ist, b 1 oder 2 ist und R³ eine der Gruppen
Figure imgb0080
oder
Figure imgb0081
bedeutet.
13. The composition according to claim 1, wherein (C) is a compound of formula I, wherein A and B independently of one another are C₁-C₄-alkyl, X is a group -C b H 2b -CO-OR³, b is 1 or 2 and R³ one of the groups
Figure imgb0080
or
Figure imgb0081
means.
14. Zusammensetzung gemäss Anspruch 1, worin (C) eine Verbindung der Formel I ist, worin A und B unabhängig voneinander C₁-C₄-Alkyl sind, X eine Gruppe -(CH₂)₂-CO-OR³ ist und R³ eine Gruppe
Figure imgb0082
bedeutet.
14. The composition according to claim 1, wherein (C) is a compound of formula I, wherein A and B are independently C₁-C₄-alkyl, X is a group - (CH₂) ₂-CO-OR³ and R³ is a group
Figure imgb0082
means.
15. Zusammensetzungen gemäss Anspruch 1, worin (C) eine Verbindung der Formel
Figure imgb0083
ist, worin A, B und X unabhängig voneinander C₁-C₄-Alkyl bedeuten.
15. Compositions according to claim 1, wherein (C) a compound of the formula
Figure imgb0083
is in which A, B and X independently of one another are C₁-C₄-alkyl.
16. Zusammensetzung gemäss Anspruch 15, worin A, B und X tert. Butyl sind.16. The composition according to claim 15, wherein A, B and X tert. Are butyl. 17. Zusammensetzung gemäss Anspruch 1, worin (C) ein Gemisch von Polyphenolen ist, das man durch Reaktion mindestens eines dialkylierten Phenols der Formel
Figure imgb0084
mit mindestens einem monoalkylierten Phenol der Formel
Figure imgb0085
und Formaldehyd oder Paraformaldehyd erhält, wobei C, D und E unab­hängig voneinander C₁-C₄-Alkyl bedeuten.
17. The composition according to claim 1, wherein (C) is a mixture of polyphenols, which is obtained by reacting at least one dialkylated phenol of the formula
Figure imgb0084
with at least one monoalkylated phenol of the formula
Figure imgb0085
and formaldehyde or paraformaldehyde is obtained, where C, D and E independently of one another are C₁-C₄-alkyl.
18. Zusammensetzung gemäss Anpsruch 17, worin C, D und E tert. Butyl sind.18. Composition according to claim 17, wherein C, D and E tert. Are butyl. 19. Zusammensetzungen gemäss Anspruch 1, worin
(B) eine Verbindung der Formel IX oder X ist,
Figure imgb0086
worin n 1 oder 2 ist, R¹¹ Wasserstoff oder Methyl ist und Y, wenn n 1 ist, -O(C₈-C₁₅-Alkyl) bedeutet, und wenn n 2 ist, eine Gruppe -NH-(CH₂)₆-NH- oder -O-CO-(CH₂)m-CO-O- bedeutet, worin m 2-8 ist, und
(C) eine Verbindung der Formel I ist, worin A Wasserstoff, C₁-C₄-Alkyl oder eine Gruppe
Figure imgb0087
bedeutet,
B C₁-C₄-Alkyl bedeutet,
X C₁-C₄-Alkyl oder eine der Gruppen -CH₂-S-R², -CH₂CH₂COOR³, -CH₂N(R¹⁰)(R¹¹) oder
Figure imgb0088
bedeutet,
R² C₁-C₁₈-Alkyl oder -(CH₂)₂-COOR⁴ ist,
R³ C₁-C₁₈-Alkyl oder
Figure imgb0089
bedeutet,
R⁴ C₁-C₁₈-Alkyl ist und
R¹⁰ und R¹¹ C₁-C₈-Alkyl sind, oder (C) ein Reaktionsgemisch aus 2-tert. Butylphenol, 2,6-Di-tert. butylphenol und (Para)Formaldehyd ist.
19. Compositions according to claim 1, wherein
(B) is a compound of formula IX or X,
Figure imgb0086
wherein n is 1 or 2, R¹¹ is hydrogen or methyl and Y, when n is 1, means -O (C₈-C₁₅-alkyl), and when n is 2, a group -NH- (CH₂) ₆-NH- or Means -O-CO- (CH₂) m -CO-O-, wherein m is 2-8, and
(C) is a compound of formula I wherein A is hydrogen, C₁-C₄ alkyl or a group
Figure imgb0087
means
B is C₁-C₄-alkyl,
X is C₁-C₄-alkyl or one of the groups -CH₂-S-R², -CH₂CH₂COOR³, -CH₂N (R¹⁰) (R¹¹) or
Figure imgb0088
means
R² is C₁-C₁₈ alkyl or - (CH₂) ₂-COOR⁴,
R³ C₁-C₁₈ alkyl or
Figure imgb0089
means
R⁴ is C₁-C₁₈ alkyl and
R¹⁰ and R¹¹ are C₁-C₈-alkyl, or (C) a reaction mixture of 2-tert. Butylphenol, 2,6-di-tert. butylphenol and (para) formaldehyde.
20. Zusammensetzung gemäss Anspruch 19, worin (B) eine Verbindung der Formel IX ist, worin n 2 ist und Y eine Gruppe -NH-(CH₂)₆-NH- oder -O-CO-(CH₂)₈-CO-O ist, und (C) die Verbindung der Formel
Figure imgb0090
ist.
20. The composition according to claim 19, wherein (B) is a compound of formula IX, wherein n is 2 and Y is a group -NH- (CH₂) ₆-NH- or -O-CO- (CH₂) ₈-CO-O and (C) is the compound of formula
Figure imgb0090
is.
21. Verwendung einer Zusammensetzung gemäss Anspruch 1 als Motorenöl21. Use of a composition according to claim 1 as motor oil 22. Verwendung einer Kombination von (B) und (C), wie in Anspruch 1 definiert, zur Stabilisierung von Schmierstoffen gegen deren oxidativen Abbau.22. Use of a combination of (B) and (C), as defined in claim 1, for stabilizing lubricants against their oxidative degradation. 23. Verwendung gemäss Anspruch 22 zur Verminderung der Schlammbildung in Motorenölen.23. Use according to claim 22 for reducing sludge formation in motor oils.
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GB2253411A (en) * 1991-01-08 1992-09-09 Ciba Geigy Ag Lubricant compositions containing antioxidant additives
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Also Published As

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DD297443A5 (en) 1992-01-09
CA2020558C (en) 2001-11-06
EP0406826B1 (en) 1993-08-11
BR9003187A (en) 1991-08-27
CN1028243C (en) 1995-04-19
JP2943004B2 (en) 1999-08-30
KR0151400B1 (en) 1998-10-01
DE59002284D1 (en) 1993-09-16
ZA905305B (en) 1991-05-29
KR910003079A (en) 1991-02-26
JPH0345696A (en) 1991-02-27
CN1048560A (en) 1991-01-16
CA2020558A1 (en) 1991-01-08

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