Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/835—Mixtures of non-ionic with cationic compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/825—Mixtures of compounds all of which are non-ionic
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/83—Mixtures of non-ionic with anionic compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/86—Mixtures of anionic, cationic, and non-ionic compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/37—Polymers
  • C11D3/3703—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C11D3/3707—Polyethers, e.g. polyalkyleneoxides
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/002—Surface-active compounds containing sulfur
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
  • C11D1/04—Carboxylic acids or salts thereof
  • C11D1/10—Amino carboxylic acids; Imino carboxylic acids; Fatty acid condensates thereof
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
  • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
  • C11D1/14—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aliphatic hydrocarbons or mono-alcohols
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
  • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
  • C11D1/14—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aliphatic hydrocarbons or mono-alcohols
  • C11D1/143—Sulfonic acid esters
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
  • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
  • C11D1/29—Sulfates of polyoxyalkylene ethers
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/38—Cationic compounds
  • C11D1/62—Quaternary ammonium compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/662—Carbohydrates or derivatives
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/72—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols

Definitions

• This invention relates to built liquid detergent compositions for laundry and general purpose applications which exhibit stability against phase separation.
• Built liquid detergent compositions are popular with consumers because they are easy to store, dispense and measure and do not cake as some granular detergent products are apt to do when stored for lengthy periods of time or become damp.
• a major disadvantage of built liquid detergent compositions has been their cost in comparison to the granular products. The cost of built liquid detergents is exacerbated because of the difficulties encountered in preparing homogeneous built liquid detergent compositions.
• the current commercially available built liquid detergent compositions typically contain one or more synthetic detergents and an inorganic builder, such as potassium polyphosphate, in an aqueous medium.
• an inorganic builder such as potassium polyphosphate
• One major problem encountered in formulating built liquid detergent compositions is the difficulty of including in a concentrated solution sufficient detergent and builder to provide the performance expected of a product intended for washing soiled clothing and other household chores.
• Attempts to combine the detergents and builders at effective levels in a homogeneous liquid system have resulted in the development of complicated formulae with large numbers of ingredients, including inactive cleaning ingredients such as hydrotropes, polymeric stabilizers and thickeners in these formulations.
• These inactive cleaning ingredients contribute little, if any, to the performance of the liquid detergent and, in fact, are sometimes deleterious to cleaning performance. They do increase the cost of the formulation and their use is justified only if it results in higher concentrations of detergent and builder in the solution.
• a liquid built laundry detergent composition in which a high percentage of a nonionic surfactant can be incorporated with a high percentage of detergent builder without phase separation. Further, this is unexpectedly accomplished with a material which is an active cleaning agent.
• a liquid detergent composition comprises from 5 to 22 percent by weight of at least one ethoxylated nonionic surfactant, from 3 to 11 percent by weight of at least one alkyl polyglycoside and from 20 to 50 weight percent of at least one detergent builder, and soft water.
• the principal ingredients of the built liquid laundry detergents of the invention include at least one builder, at least one ethoxylated nonionic surfactant and at least one polyalkyl glycoside. These principal ingredients are included in the liquid detergent compositions in the following ranges: Ingredient Range Preferred Range Best Mode Ethoxylated nonionic 5-22% 5-12% 7% Alkyl polyglycoside 3-11% 4-9% 7% Builder 20-50% 30-45% 35-45%
• alkyl polyglycosides which are employed as a cosurfactant in this invention are preferably those having a hydrophobic group containing from about 6 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably from about 10 to 16 carbon atoms and a polysaccharide, for example, a polyglycoside, hydrophylic group containing from about 1-1/2 to about 10, preferably from about 1-1/2 to about 3, and most preferably from about 1.6 to about 2.7 saccharide units.
• surfactants but are not known as compatabilizers for ethoxylated nonionic surfactants and detergent builders as they also function in the present invention.
• Reducing saccharide containing 5 or 6 carbon atoms can be used, for example, glucose, lactose and galactosyl moieties can substitute for the glucosyl moieties.
• the hydrophobic group can be attached at the 2, 3, 4, etc. positions, thus giving a glucose or galactose as compared to a glucoside or galactoside.
• the intersaccharide bonds can be, for example, between the 1 position of the additional saccharide units and the 2-, 3-, 4- and/or 6 positions on the preceding saccharide units.
• the preferred alkoxide is ethylene oxide.
• Typical hydrophobic groups include alkyl groups, either saturated or unsaturated, branched or unbranched containing from about 6 to about 18, preferably from 10 to 16 carbon atoms.
• the alkyl group is a straight chain saturated alkyl group.
• the alkyl group can contain up to 3 hydroxy groups and/or the polyalkoxide chain can contain up to about 10, preferably less than 5, most preferably 0, alkoxide moieties.
• Suitable alkyl polysaccharides are octyl, nonyl decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl and octadecyl, di-, tri-, tetra-, penta- and hexaglucosides, galactosides, lactoses, lactosides, glucoses, fructosides, fructoses and/or galactoses.
• Suitable mixtures include coconut alkyl, di-, tri-, tetra- and pentaglucosides and tallowalkyl tetra-, penta- and hexaglucosides.
• the preferred alkyl polyglycosides have the formula RO(C n H 2n O) t (glycosyl) x wherein R is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkyl phenyl, hydroxy alkyl, hydroxy alkyl phenyl and mixtures thereof in which said alkyl groups contain from about 10 to 18, preferably from 12 to 14 carbon atoms; and is 2 or 3, preferably 2, t is from 0 to 10, preferably 0; and x is from 1-1/2 to 10, preferably from 1/2 to 3, most preferably from about 1.6 to about 2.7.
• the glycosyl is preferably derived from glucose.
• the alcohol or alkylpolyethoxy alcohol may be formed first and then reacted with glucose, or a source of glucose to form the glycoside (attachment at the 1- position).
• the additional glycosyl units may be attached between their 1- position and the preceding glycosyl units 2-, 3-, 4 and/or 6 position, preferably predominantly the 2-­position.
• the ethoxylated nonionic surfactants which are suitable for use in the present invention include surface active or detergent compounds which contain an organic hydrophobic group and a hydrophylic group which is a reaction product of a solubilizing group such as carboxyl, hydroxyl, thiol, amide or amine with an alkylene oxide, such as ethylene oxide or propylene oxide or the polyhydration product thereof, such as polyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol.
• a solubilizing group such as carboxyl, hydroxyl, thiol, amide or amine
• alkylene oxide such as ethylene oxide or propylene oxide or the polyhydration product thereof, such as polyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol.
• nonionic surfactants are:
• the built detergent compositions of the invention also contain from 20 to 50%, preferably from 30 to 45%, and more preferably 35 to 45% by weight of a detergency builder, especially a water-soluble inorganic or organic electrolyte.
• a detergency builder especially a water-soluble inorganic or organic electrolyte.
• Preferred electrolytes include the common alkaline polyvalent calcium ion sequestering agents.
• the builder can also include water-insoluble calcium ionic exchange materials.
• Nonlimiting examples of suitable water-soluble inorganic detergent builders include alkaline metal carbonates, borates, phosphates, polyphosphates, bicarbonates, silicates, sulphates and chlorides. Specific examples of such salts include sodium and potassium tetraborates, perborates, bicarbonates, carbonates, tripolyphosphates, orthophosphates, pyrophosphates, hexametaphosphates and sulphates.
• suitable organic alkaline detergency builders include water-soluble amino carboxylates and amino polyacetates, such as sodium and potassium glycinates, ethylene diamine tetraacetates, nitrilo triacetates and N-(2-hydroxy ethyl)nitrilo diacetates and diethylene triamine pentaacetates; water-soluble salts of phytic acid, such as sodium and potassium phytates; water-soluble polyphosphates including sodium, potassium and lithium salts of ethane-1-hydroxy-1, 1-diphosphonic acid, the sodium potassium and lithium salts of ethylene diphosphonic acid and the like; water-soluble polycarboxylates such as in salts of lactic acid, succinic acid, malonic acid, maleic acid, citric acid, carboxymethyloxy succinic acid, 1,1,2,2-ethane tetracarboxylic acid, cyclopentane-cis,cis,cis-tetracarboxylic acid, melli
• a further class of detergency builder materials useful in the present invention are insoluble sodium aluminosilicates, especially those having a calcium ion exchange capacity of at least 200 milligrams equivalent per gram and a calcium ion exchange rate of at least .53 grams per litre per minute per gram.
• the built detergent compositions of the present invention can be supplemented by the usual additives conventionally employed in detergent compositions.
• Optional ingredients include soil suspending agents at about 0.1 to 10% by weight, including water-soluble salts of carboxy methyl cellulose, carboxy hydroxy methyl cellulose and polyethylene glycols having a molecular weight of about 400 to 10000.
• These materials may be employed in the practice of this invention at conventional levels normally employed in detergent formulations.
• any of the known anionic fluorescent brightening and/or wetting agents can be employed in the practice of this invention.
• the currently most preferred whiteners are 4,4′-bis[(4-anilino-6-[bis(2-­hydroxy ethyl)-amino]-s-triazine-2-yl)amino]-2,2′ stilbene disulphonic acid; 4,4-bis[(4-anilino-t[N-2-­hydroxy ethyl-N-methyl amino]- s-triazine-2-yl)amino]-­2,2′ stilbene disulphonic acid disodium salt; and 4-[2H-naphthol(1,2-d)triazol-2-yl]-2-stilbene sulphonic acid sodium salt.
• nonionic brighteners such as p-[3-(p-fluorophenol)-2-pyrozolin-­1-yl] benzene sulfonamide.
• compositions of the present invention can also optionally include both cationic and anionic surfactants.
• cationic surfactants can be advantageously included in the detergent compositions of the invention.
• Preferred cationic surfactants are the alkyl quaternary ammonium halides and sulphates, especially the mono long chain alkyl (C8 ⁇ 22) and alkylene oxylated mono long chain alkyl surfactants.
• the most preferred quaternary ammonium surfactants are the chloride, bromide and methyl sulphate C8 ⁇ 22 alkyltrimethylammonium salts, C8 ⁇ 22 alkyl (dihydroxyethyl)methylammonium salts, C8 ⁇ 22 alkylhydroxyethyldimethylammonium salts, C8 ⁇ 22 alkyloxypropyltrimethylammonium salts, C8 ⁇ 22 alkyloxypropyl (dihydroxyethyl)methylammonium salts and C8 ⁇ 22 alkyloxy propylhydroxyethyldimethylammonium salts, with C8 ⁇ 22 alkyloxypropylbis (hydroxyethyl)methylammonium salts being especially preferred.
• the current cationic surfactant of choice is isotridecyloxypropylbis(hydroxyethyl)methyl ammonium chloride.
• the cationic surfactants when used, will be present in amounts up to 12 percent by weight, preferably from 1 to 5 percent by weight, and most preferably in the range from 2 to 4 percent by weight.
• water-soluble salts preferably the alkaline metal ammonium and alkylol ammonium salts, of organic sulphuric reaction products having in their molecular structure an alkyl group containing from about 10 to 20 carbon atoms and a sulphonic or sulphuric acid group are especially preferred.
• anionic surfactants are the sodium and potassium alkyl sulphates, especially those obtained by sulphating the higher alcohols (C8-C18 carbon atoms) such as those produced by reducing the glycerides of tallow or coconut oil; and the sodium and potassium alkyl benzene sulphonates in which the alkyl group contains from about 9 to about 15 carbon atoms, in straight chain or bent chain configuration.
• Especially valuable are linear straight chain alkyl benzene sulphonates in which the average number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group is from about 11 to 13, abbreviated as C11-C13 LAS.
• alkyl polyethoxylate sulphates particularly those in which the alkyl group contains from 10 to about 22, preferably from 12 to 18 carbon atoms, and wherein the polyethoxylate chain contains from 1 to 15 ethoxylate moieties, preferably from 1 to 3 ethoxylate moieties.
• anionic surfactants such as the sodium alkyl glycerol ether sulphonates, especially those ethers of higher alcohols derived from tallow and coconut oil, sodium coconut oil, fatty acid monoglyceride sulphonates and sulphates; sodium and potassium salts of alkyl phenol, ethylene oxide ether sulphates containing from 1 to 10 units of ethylene oxide per molecule and wherein the alkyl groups contain from 8 to 12 carbon atoms; and sodium or potassium salts of alkyl ethylene oxide ether sulphates containing from 1 to 10 units of ethylene oxide per molecule and wherein the alkyl group contains from 10 to 20 carbon atoms.
• anionic surfactants such as the sodium alkyl glycerol ether sulphonates, especially those ethers of higher alcohols derived from tallow and coconut oil, sodium coconut oil, fatty acid monoglyceride sulphonates and sulphates; sodium and potassium salts of alkyl phenol, ethylene
• anionic surfactants include water-soluble salts of esters with alpha-sulphonated fatty acids containing from 6 to 20 carbon atoms in the fatty acid group and from 1 to 10 carbon atoms in the ester group; water-soluble salts of 2-acyloxy-alkane-1-sulphonic acids containing from 2 to 9 carbon atoms in the acyl group and from 9 to 23 carbon atoms in the alkane moiety; alkyl ether sulphates containing from 10 to 20 carbon atoms in the alkyl group and from 1 to 30 moles of ethylene oxide; water-soluble salts of olefin sulphonates containing from 12 to 24 carbon atoms; and beta-alkyloxy alkane sulphonates containing from 1 to 3 carbon atoms in the alkyl group and from 8 to 20 carbon atoms in the alkane moiety.
• the anionic surfactants When used, the anionic surfactants will be employed in amounts up to 12 percent by weight, preferably in the range from 1 to 7 percent by weight, and most preferably, from 2 to 5 percent by weight.
• the anionic surfactants are preferably employed in combination with cationic surfactants.
• Alkyl sarcosinates are currently preferred anionic surfactants.
• detergent compositions of the present invention include solvents, bleaching agents, bleach activators, soil-suspending agents, corrosion inhibitors, dyes, fillers, optical brighteners, germicides, pH adjusting agents (monoethanolamine, sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide and the like), enzymes, enzyme-stabilizing agents, perfumes, fabric softening components, static control agents, and the like.
• liquid detergent compositions of the present invention can be conveniently prepared in accordance with the known formulation procedures or techniques which are usually employed in the preparation of conventional anionic surfactant-based liquid detergent products.
• the desired surfactant components i.e., the glycoside surfactant, the ethoxylated nonionic surfactant, and, if employed, the anionic and/or cationic surfactant components
• any auxiliary additives which may be desired for use herein such as, for example, stabilizers, perfumes, preservatives, colourants, etc. are subsequently added to the resulting aqueous surfactant solution.
• any such auxiliary ingredients either will be water soluble in character or will be presolubilized or pre-dispersed in a portion of the surfactant system prior to being added to the mixture.
• the application of heat to the aqueous mixture is often beneficial during the formulation process in facilitating the obtaining of a homogeneous mixture and it is generally preferred to stir, or to otherwise provide good agitation to the mixture during said process.
• a viscosifying agent such as ammonium or alkali metal salts, it is generally preferred to dissolve the desired amount of same in the water at the beginning of the formulation process.
• the pH of the present formulations is not particularly critical and can be varied or adjusted as desired in a given instance. As a general rule, however, the pH of such formulations will typically be within the range of from about 8 to 12.
• the effectiveness of the detergent compositions is determined by reflectance readings using a Gardner Color Difference Meter, with all cloths being read before and after laundering. Each cloth is individually placed on the reflectometer and covered by a white ceramic plate standard. For the Bandy black clay soil cloths, only Rd readings are taken. For all cloths, a and b values, in addition to Rd readings, may be observed.
• BBC Bandy Black Clay
• TFI a printed soil cloth (mineral oil-carbon black base) purchased from Test Fabrics Incorporated.
• HCO a soiled cloth prepared by immersion in a lard, margarine and peanut oil-carbon black mixture.
• Spangler (SPNG) a soiled cloth prepared by immersion in a soil bath (synthetic sebum, air conditioner dust) and then padded and dried.
• EMPA a soiled cloth prepared by immersion in an olive oil-carbon black mixture.
• DMO a soiled cloth prepared by immersion in dirty motor oil.
• Cotton, cotton/Dacron, cotton with permanent press finish, cotton, Dacron with permanent press finish were used for the Bandy Black Clay, TFI, DMO, HCO and Spangler soils. Cotton and cotton: Dacron with permanent press finish were used for EMPA and grass soils.
• Stability evaluations were made by storing containers of the detergent compositions and evaluating the appearance of the compositions over time. Compositions which had phase separated, that is, formed distinct layers, over the indicated test periods, were considered to be failures and thus unacceptable. The failures are reported as "F”. The formulations which over the test period had not phase separated but exhibited some loss in homogeneity of the emulsion, e.g., creaming, were reported by the symbol "S”. These formulations while not optimal, are still satisfactory for use. Formulations which exhibited little, if any, change over the test period were reported by the symbol "P".
• EXAMPLE 1 Invention Control Tetrapotassium pyrophosphate 40.0 40.0 C12 ⁇ 13 Alkylmonoglyceride 7.0 7.0 C12 t-thiol ethoxylate, 7 moles ethylene oxide 7.0 7.0 Isotridecyl oxypropyl-bis(2-hydroxy ethyl)-methyl ammonium chloride 2.0 2.0 Sodium lauryl sarcosinate 0.0 2.4 Sodium lauryl sulfate 1.8 0.0 Water Q.S. Q.S.
• detergent compositions embodying the invention provide equivalent to better detergency results on oil-based soils when compared to a leading commercial liquid detergent, in both "soft” and “hard” water, with performance of both the invention detergents and the commercial detergents being less effective in the harder water.
• the concentrated detergents of the invention were used at 1/4-cup dosage equivalent and the commercial detergent was used at 1/2-cup dosage equivalent, i.e., 0.11% and 0 . 1 8 % , respectively, as the actual concentrations in the wash water.
• Formulations embodying the inventive concept were made up as set forth in the Table identified as Example 2. As can be seen from the reflectance data of Examples 1 and 2, detergent compositions embodying the concept of the invention can be expected to provide equivalent to better performance to that provided by the commercial liquid detergent control of Example 1 on most oil-based stains, and to provide an acceptable level of performance on sebum (SPNG) stains.
• SPNG sebum
• Formulations embodying the inventive concept were made up as set forth in the Table identified as Example 3.
• the reflectance data reported in the Example 3 Table demonstrate that the detergent compositions of the invention can be formulated, e.g., increase alkalinity, to increase the level of performance on sebum stains and it is not expected that the increase in sebum stain removal would be accompanied by any loss in oil-based stain removal.
• Formulations embodying the inventive concept were made up as set forth in the Table identified as Example 4.
• the data is generally self-explanatory.
• the data reported in the Example 4 Table demonstrate that excellent to acceptable emulsions are provided by the invention formulations.
• the data also show that emulsion stability may be a factor of the alkylglycoside:nonionic ratio, which preferably is 1:1.
• Formulations embodying the inventive concept of the invention were made up as set forth in the Table identified as Example 5.
• the data is generally self-explanatory.
• the stability data reported in the Example 5 Table demonstrate that excellent to acceptable emulsions are provided by the invention formulations.
• the stability results reported as an "S" are indicative of emulsions which remained acceptable over the test period but showed slight separation or creaming over the period.
• Formulations embodying the inventive concept were made up as set forth in the Table identified as Example 6.
• the stability data reported in the Example 6 Table demonstrate that the inclusion of additives, such as antiredeposition agents, can offset the stability of the invention detergents and that some additives may have a detrimental effect.
• Polyethylene glycol is a preferred antiredeposition agent in the formulations of this invention. Thus, some experimental work of a non-inventive nature may be required in developing fully formulated detergent compositions.
• Formulations embodying the inventive concept were made up as set forth in the Table identified as Example 7.
• the stability data reported in the Example 7 Table demonstrate the effect of changing the nonionic sufactants in the invention formulations.
• the data indicates that a broad range of ethoxylated nonionic sufactants may be used to prepare detergent compositions in accordance with the invention, and that some experimental work of a non-inventive nature may be required in optimizing the stability of fully formulated compositions.

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• Detergent Compositions (AREA)

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• 1990
  • 1990-06-14 AU AU57090/90A patent/AU5709090A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1990-06-28 EP EP19900307071 patent/EP0405967A3/en not_active Withdrawn
  • 1990-06-28 JP JP17129190A patent/JPH03128999A/ja active Pending

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